Spindle tree planting and care in the open field in the Rostov region

Euonymus refers to woody plants that are often used to create a hedge or to decorate a site.

Armed with the necessary knowledge of growing euonymus, you can enjoy its colors throughout the season.

Plant characteristic - euonymus

All varieties of this amazing plant have an openwork crown. During the summer, the leaves are dark green in color. In May, the shrub is covered with nondescript flowers. The euonymus is especially beautiful in autumn.

During this period, the color of the leaves changes dramatically. The shrub flares up with whites, reds, yellows and oranges. One sheet can have several shades. In October, the plant is covered with berries, which decorate the garden until the very frost. In autumn, the fruits of the euonymus turn orange-red.

Important! Euonymus berries contain alkaloids and are not edible!

Euonymus are distinguished by their unpretentiousness and ease of care. Some species tolerate frost well and grow well in central Russia.

Varieties of euonymus (photo)

When choosing plants for growing in a garden, you need to take into account its size and the specifics of growing. Some members of the genus are capable of reaching up to 10 meters in height.

European spindle tree

A large plant with a height of more than 7 meters. In nature, it grows not only in the form of a tree, but also as a bush. In autumn, the leaves turn fiery red. Hanging fruits take on an orange hue.

This species is undemanding to soils, it can grow in the shade. All the autumn beauty of the leaves can only be observed by growing it in a sunny location.

For landscaping a small area, compact varieties of euonymus are suitable. The height of such shrubs does not exceed two meters, they lend themselves well to pruning, forming a dense crown.

Winged euonymus

Shade-tolerant deciduous shrub native to the Far East. Under natural conditions, its height reaches 2.5 meters. In our growing conditions - up to 1 meter.

Young shoots are green. The autumn color of the leaves is dark red, while the fruit is bright red.

Japanese euonymus

This type of shrub reaches a height of up to 1 meter. Differs in its dark green leathery leaves. Suitable for growing indoors, offices and conservatories. The plant tolerates dry air and shade well. However, variegated forms need good lighting.

Japanese euonymus is unpretentious to growing conditions. Needs moderate watering and feeding. An ideal contender for bonsai. By trimming, the plant can be shaped like a ball, cube or pyramid.

Dwarf varieties with creeping shoots are used as ground cover plants.

Fortune's eonymus

An evergreen creeping shrub reaches a height of up to 30 cm. Climbing shoots spread up to three meters, hold well on a support and take root in nodes.

Forchuna's euonymus prefers well-fertilized soils and partial shade. Varieties with decorative leaf color are best grown in lighted areas. This variety tolerates frost well. Looks beautiful on alpine slides and rocky gardens.

Planting euonymus in the garden

Euonymus belongs to fast-growing shrubs, therefore, when planting seedlings, you need to leave enough space for development. The soil for planting should be nutritious, loose. It should be noted that the plant does not tolerate stagnant moisture at the roots, therefore, land plots must be allocated for planting euonymus. Dwarf shrub varieties can be grown in flowerpots, brought indoors with the onset of frost.

Planting of euonymus is carried out in spring or autumn. Planting pits are prepared in advance, filling them with compost or humus. The seedling is lowered into the hole and covered with earth. The earth is lightly tamped, watered abundantly and mulched. This allows you to maintain soil moisture and increases its aeration.

Location selection

An improperly located plant is more often more and is attacked by pests. When planting seedlings, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the variety and its relation to light. Shade-loving varieties, such as Sakhalin euonymus, are located in secluded corners of the garden. For sunny places, it is better to choose other types, such as Maaka.

How to care for euonymus?

1. The optimum temperature for the comfortable development of the spindle tree in the summer is 20 degrees. The plant withstands a short-term increase in temperature, but is attacked by ticks.

2. Some varieties of euonymus winter at a temperature of 8-16 degrees. As a rule, these are tub plants that are grown in a greenhouse.

3. Watering the bush should be moderate. But the drying out of the soil is detrimental to the plant. It is necessary to monitor the level of soil moisture. Experienced gardeners recommend mulching the spindle tree trunk circle, which will help to cope with the drying out of the earth.

4. The plant tolerates cutting and shaping well. In the spring, remove all dried and broken branches, cut out the shoots growing inside the bush. In summer, you can trim the crown of the euonymus, giving it the necessary shape.

5. Most species of spindle tree are frost-resistant, but young seedlings need shelter.

6. In the open field, the plant is grown for a long time in one place, but tubular specimens need regular transplantation. It is carried out in the spring, transferring the plant to a larger pot. It is not worth neglecting the transplant, as the shrub will slow down growth and development.

How to feed euonymus?

Like all plants, euonymus needs nutrition. For a beautiful and long flowering, healthy foliage and active growth, top dressing is applied twice a season.

• Spring fertilization is aimed at the formation of flower buds and shrub growth. During this period, organic matter is used, for example, diluted manure or bird droppings.

• During the flowering period, the shrub must be provided with a complex of trace elements. During irrigation, phosphorus and potassium are added.

How to propagate euonymus (photo)?

An ornamental shrub reproduces well by dividing the bush and by cuttings, less often by seeds.

Cuttings are carried out in the summer. In June, planting material is harvested from young, but formed shoots. Prepared cuttings are planted under a film in a nutritious soil mixture. It takes up to 1.5 months to root.

Growing euonymus from seeds is difficult. Without stratification of seedlings, you can wait up to two years. The collected seeds are kept for several months at a temperature of 10 degrees, when their shell bursts, the temperature is lowered to 0 degrees. Further, the seeds are kept in such conditions for 5 months. When the stratification is completed, they are sown on the garden bed, the first shoots will appear in about a month. Only after three years can the seedlings be planted in a permanent place. All this time they are protected from frost, the soil is watered and loosened.

It is good to propagate dwarf varieties by dividing the bush. Young shoots are separated from the mother plant with part of the roots. The top of the seedling is cut to 1/3 of the height and planted in a new place. Such plants take root well and quickly form new shoots.

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We decided to grow euonymus, planting and leaving will not cause you any difficulties, since the plant is quite unpretentious and is distinguished by its extraordinary brightness in autumn. In order for a deciduous shrub to decorate the garden, it is necessary to choose the right variety, determine the place for cultivation, familiarize yourself with fertilization and watering, and also not lose sight of the disease and pests ...

Popular varieties of euonymus

The euonymus is considered a unique plant, because while most of the colors disappear without a trace in the fall, the euonymus pleases with multi-colored foliage and small bright fruits, so similar to lanterns. And pampering euonymus with paints, planting and caring for which will not be difficult, will be until the very frosts. Before understanding the nuances, you should consider several varieties of euonymus.

Variety	Description	Peculiarities
Warty euonymus	Can grow as a tree (up to 6 m) or shrub (up to 3 m), on the branches which has "warts" black color. The first flowers appear late May or early June. And with the onset of August or September already the fruits of euonymus are visible in the form small pink box with black or gray seeds.	It grows slowly is different unpretentiousness and shade tolerance. Good for decorative purposes.
Winged euonymus	In favorable conditions of the Far East is able to grow up to 2.5 m in height in the form of a bush and up to 4 m in the form of a tree. In the middle latitudes of Russia the height of the euonymus is halved. Has rich green foliage, which with the onset of autumn takes on a dark red color. For the fruit is characterized by the same color.	Transfers gassed conditions of the city, is winter hardy and drought-resistant.
Dwarf euonymus	Has a creeping crown and narrow-lanceolate leaves of dark green shade. In the fall, they acquire red-yellow color. Euonymus fruits in the form of boxes of yellow-green color ripen by August or September. Grows up to 1 m.	Is a spindle tree shade-loving. Good suitable for creating low curbs. Frost-resistant euonymus, is different exactingness to soil.
Euonymus European	Grows about 7 m in height in the form trees or shrubs with cork growths. Euonymus blooms with the onset of May or June, and the first fruits appear in September. Have kind of pink boxes with seeds of black, red, white color.	Able to withstand short-term frosts at temperatures down to -15 ° C.
Japanese euonymus	In the favorable conditions of the south, euonymus able to grow up to 7 m tall, but in Moscow region above half a meter euonymus does not grow. The foliage is dark green, having a light border. The first inflorescences of yellow with green color bloom with the onset of June.	This euonymus can grow in conditions at home and unable survive under temperatures below 5 ° C.

Popular varieties are also euonymus of Hamilton, Fortune, Koopman, Bunge. It should be remembered that euonymus is classified as a poisonous plant, and it does not belong where there are small children.

Euonymus - landing according to all the rules

The spindle tree, planting and maintenance of which is minimal, is not very difficult, but nevertheless, it has a number of requirements:

1. Landing time. When is it better to plant euonymus? The beginning of spring is best suited, although autumn planting is also allowed.
2. Place of growth - the spindle tree is characterized by a tendency to grow in width, and some species of spindle tree differ in height. Therefore, you should take this factor into account and do not plant euonymus close to buildings and trees. It is necessary to maintain a certain distance between euonymus seedlings
3. Lighting - euonymus is best planted in partial shade, although some of its varieties prefer brighter sunny places (variegated euonymus)
4. The soil. Euonymus prefers soils that differ:
   • fertility
   • ease
   • waterproof
   • lack of surface groundwater
   • neutral or slightly alkaline reaction

   Acidic soil should be calcified - for this, it is enough to place slaked
   lime in the planting pit (200 g).

Spindle tree in the garden - pictured

Dwarf euonymus is best planted in larger pots, and should be taken out into the garden in summer and stored in a cool place in winter.

Preparation for planting an euonymus seedling should begin with digging a planting hole 2 weeks before the actual work. The pit should be made wider and deeper than the root system of the young spindle tree at least 1.5 times. At the bottom, a drainage for the euonymus should be placed in the form of brick (broken) or sand. Next, you need to mix the top layer of the excavated earth with the compost and place part of the finished composition in the hole.

After that, the euonymus should be lowered into the pit, carefully spreading the roots. Then you need to gradually add soil and tamp. The euonymus should be planted so that the level of the root collar coincides with the ground. After planting, the euonymus should be watered.

Euonymus - outdoor care

A spindle tree, planting and caring for in the open field, which involves the implementation of certain actions for proper cultivation, will reward it with a beautiful and healthy growth. Spindle tree care includes several important points:

Euonymus in autumn - pictured

1. Watering euonymus should be carried out in accordance with the measures necessary. After the end of watering near the euonymus, cover the near-trunk circle with a layer of mulch in the form of dry earth. After a couple of days, the circle should be loosened. During the season, this procedure must be repeated at least 3 times. If the weather pampers with regular precipitation, you should not water the euonymus, since it is not picky about moisture.
2. Top dressing euonymus is produced twice per season:
   • the first one is performed in the spring and for this urea is used (for 10 liters
     water 50 g)
   • the second is carried out in the fall, and at this stage potassium sulfate is added (by 1
     m2 30 g) and superphosphate (for 1 m2 40 g)

   Organic fertilizers for euonymus are also good.

3. Pruning - the formative pruning of the euonymus (ellipsoidal, conical) follows
   spend before fruiting (early spring) or after, the rest of the time at
   euonymus should only be cut off weak branches and plucked
4. Treatment of diseases - with spiderweb flares and aphids near the spindle tree will help to fight
   Actellik (for 1 liter of water from 1 to 2 ml of the product), from mealybugs euonymus
   will save a two-stage treatment with Fitoverm, and against fungal diseases
   use Fundazole.

The spindle tree, planting and caring for which does not require excessive efforts, will delight in autumn with a real kaleidoscope of colors, its foliage will gradually begin to change color, and the first bright berries will appear on the branches in the form of original earrings, which birds love to peck so much. Euonymus is relatively unpretentious and tolerates winter well. It is often used in folk medicine and invariably attracts attention, especially if it plays the role of a hedge on the site.

Euonymus is a shrub belonging to the genus of low deciduous and evergreen plants, family - Euonymus. In the natural environment, it prefers floodplains, river valleys, undergrowth of mixed forests throughout the Northern Hemisphere (Asia, Europe, America, Australia).

The name of the plant from the Latin language roughly translates as "glorious tree". In our culture, there are many names for euonymus: god's eyes, night blindness, burusklen, bruslin, mersklet, heather, dereskled, sour, wolf berries, wolf bast, blind pot, saklak.

The genus contains about 200 species, many of which are cultivated as ornamental plants. Euonymus bushes are good for framing fences, households. buildings. Looks spectacular next to conifers and trees. Some types of euonymus are used to extract gutta-percha (a substance for filling teeth).

Botanical description

The height of the bush is 0.5-10 m, depending on the species. Stems are rounded or tetrahedral, sometimes cork growths appear on them. Leaves are oblong with smooth or jagged edges, glossy, opposite. The leaf plates are colored dark green, there are varieties with spots or edging of white, cream, silver shades.

With the onset of autumn, the leaves turn purple-red. Flowering is a nondescript flowers of yellow-green, cream, burgundy, collected in racemose or corymbose inflorescences. The fruit is a dry, leathery 4-5-sided capsule containing several seeds. The seed box, depending on the species, acquires pink, scarlet, crimson, burgundy, yellow, dark purple color as it ripens.

Attention: the fruits, like all parts of the plant, are poisonous.

Planting euonymus in the ground

How to plant euonymus In the photo, the variety Euonymus Green Rocket

When and where to plant

Planting eulette is best done in early spring, but autumn planting is also allowed.

Choose an area in light shade, variegated varieties will need bright sunlight.

The soil needs light, fertile, water-permeable with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. The acidity of the soil before planting can be reduced by adding slaked lime. The plant does not like high-lying groundwater.

Distance between bushes

Please note that large bushes grow strongly in width and height, therefore, an appropriate distance between other plants should be observed, and away from buildings. There are dwarf varieties of euonymus that can be planted in a tub: decorate the garden for the summer, and bring it indoors with the onset of cold weather. In room conditions, it is necessary to provide an air temperature of no more than 5 ° C, bright lighting, moderate watering and low air humidity. Transplant in the spring.

How to plant

• The planting hole should be dug 2 weeks before planting in open ground. Its volume should exceed the size of the root system of the seedling by 1.5 times.
• Place coarse sand at the bottom of the planting pit to ensure drainage.
• Mix the extracted soil with compost. To lower the acidity of the soil, add 200 g of slaked lime.
• Spread the roots of the seedling, lower it into the planting hole, fill it with a mixture (soil, compost, slaked lime, if necessary), as it fills, press constantly with your palms so that there are no air pockets.
• The root collar should be flush with the soil surface.
• To create a hedge, it is necessary to plant it in a trench at a distance of 40-50 cm.
• Water well immediately and do so daily for a week after planting.
• You can mulch the soil surface around the plants.

Spindle tree care in the garden

Winged spindle tree Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’ Dwarf Burning Bush in landscape design photo

Watering

The plant does not like a lot of moisture. Avoid waterlogging of the soil, temporary drought is better. Water as needed. If rainfall is regular, no watering is needed at all. Loosen the soil in the trunk circle at least three times a season 1-2 days after watering.

Apply complex mineral fertilizers twice a season (in spring and autumn).

Pruning

Due to pruning, the euonymus will actively branch. In order not to harm fruiting, carry out the forming pruning in early spring or after the fruit has ripened. The bush is given an ellipsoid, conical shape; the cultivation of a standard tree is popular. During the growing season, pinch the tops, remove weak shoots, thin out the bush.

Shelter for the winter

Young plants (up to 3 years old) must be covered with spruce branches for the winter. Adult shrubs and trees do not need shelter, but if a snowless winter is expected, the tree trunk should be covered with leaves or sawdust.

Spindle tree care at home

Bonsai from euonymus photo

Low-growing varieties are grown indoors. Thanks to regular pruning, any species can be adjusted in growth - it will be an excellent decoration for a windowsill, a desktop.

Lighting

Euonymus with green leaves feel equally well in shade and in bright sunlight. Variegated forms require bright enough lighting. In any case, you should protect from the midday rays of the sun.

Temperature and humidity

It is important to keep it cool. During the warm season, the air temperature is required in the range of 18-25 ° C, in winter, lower it to 6-8 ° C. At higher temperatures, leaves are shed.

Humidity does not matter as the leathery leaves are protected from excessive evaporation. Occasionally wipe dust off with a damp sponge, bathe under a warm shower.

Watering and feeding

• Water regularly, in moderation, and drain excess water from the pan.
• In the period from March to September, apply complex mineral fertilizers every month.

Pruning and replanting

Perform formative pruning every spring. Pinch young shoots regularly.

Replant every 2-3 years. Choose a container that is wide, of medium depth, and stable. Lay a drainage layer at the bottom. The soil is needed light, nutritious, approximately of the following composition: leafy, sod land, leaf humus, sand.

Diseases and pests

Diseases

Diseases such as trunk rot and powdery mildew may appear.

It is better to prevent rotting than to treat it: in the spring and autumn, treat the bushes with Bordeaux mixture or similar preparations. If rot does appear, it is necessary to remove and burn the affected areas. Apply 3-4 fungicide treatments at 1 week intervals. If affected by powdery mildew, treat with fungicide at the same frequency.

Pests

The main pests are mealybugs, aphids, spider mites, caterpillars.

• Spider mites and aphids settle on the back of the leaf plate - you can see light puncture points on the leaves.
• Mealybugs will give out themselves with cotton-like deposits and honeydew.
• Caterpillars form entire nests that you can easily spot. Interestingly, they may not be on adjacent fruit trees. It is as if the euonymus is luring away the caterpillars, saving your crop.

Remove the nests of the tracks manually first. To completely get rid of any pests, it is necessary to carry out an insecticide treatment with repetition in a week.

Growing euonymus from seeds

Spindle tree seeds photo

Reproduction is carried out by seeds and vegetatively (cuttings, dividing the bush, layering, root processes).

Sowing in the ground

It is better to sow freshly harvested seeds in open ground before winter. The garden bed is prepared in advance, leveled, let the earth settle. Shallow grooves are made with a hoe or a flat cutter at a distance of 20-30 cm. You need to sow less often, ideally at a distance of 8-10 cm. If this does not work out, the seedlings will have to be thinned out. Mulch crops with straw, leaves.

How to sow euonymus in the ground photo

In spring, the mulch is harvested as early as possible so that the plants can break through. Do not wait for heat, otherwise the seedlings will trample or you will damage them when you rake the leaves. When the plants have sprout, care will consist of weeding, loosening the soil and moderate watering. The grown seedlings are planted in a permanent place after 2-3 years, they must be covered for the winter.

Growing seedlings

Spindle tree from seed photos of seedlings

• To grow seedlings, the seeds must be kept in water for a couple of days and stratified for 3-4 months (keep them in a bag of wet sand in the vegetable section of the refrigerator).
• The seeds should swell well under these conditions. Gently peel the seeds from the bursting dense skin, soak for 15 minutes in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, rinse.
• Prepare boxes or cups with fertile garden soil and small amounts of sand, you can take ready-made soil for seedlings).
• Seeding depth - 2 cm.
• Cover crops with foil or glass.
• Expect sprouting in 15-20 days, then remove the cover.
• A slight decrease in temperature to 18 ° C will be useful for plants so that they do not stretch. Provide good ambient lighting while doing this.
• The grown seedlings need to be hardened two weeks before planting in the ground. They can be planted in a training bed, and then transplanted to a permanent place when they reach a height of 25-30 cm. Be sure to cover them for the winter so that they do not freeze.

Propagation of euonymus by cuttings

Reproduction of euonymus by cuttings photo

Carry out cuttings in June-July. From semi-lignified shoots, cut off the tops of 7 cm so that they contain 1 internode. Hold the cutting in the root solution, plant in a wet peat-sand mixture, cover with a cap, place in a bright, cool place. Plant rooted cuttings in 1-1.5 months in open ground.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

How to divide a spindle tree bush photo

By dividing the bush, it is most convenient to propagate dwarf species, since their root system is located close to the soil surface. Cut off a part of the rhizome together with the above-ground shoots from the mother plant. Cut the shoots by 2/3, plant the cuttings in a permanent place.

Reproduction by layering and root suckers

Reproduction of euonymus by root suckers photo

Reproduction by layering is carried out in the spring. Make a small groove next to the bush, bend the shoot to the ground, secure and sprinkle with soil. After rooting, cut off, plant in a place of constant growth.

Root suckers with a maximum height of 40-50 cm are suitable for reproduction. The length of the root should be 25-30 cm, and the thickness should be at least 1.5 cm. In early spring, dig up the shoot, do not shake the soil from the roots, plant it in a permanent place.

Types and varieties of euonymus with photos and names

Warty or few-flowered euonymus Euonymus verrucosa

Warty euonymus or few-flowered Euonymus verrucosa photo

Takes the form of a bush 2 m high or a tree 5-6 m tall. Shoots are bright green, covered with black warts. Light green leaves turn pink by autumn. Seed capsules are red-brown. Ripe seeds are pink in color. The growth rate of the bush is slow. The type is shade-tolerant.

European spindle tree Euonymus europaea

European spindle tree Euonymus europaea photo

Most often it grows as a bush, it can take the form of a tree up to 6 m tall. Young shoots are colored green, blacken with age.Leathery leaf plates reach a length of 11 cm, are dark green in color, and turn red in autumn. The seed box is orange, ripe fruits acquire a dark red hue. Winter-hardy species. There are more than 20 decorative forms of the species that are less winter hardy: dwarf, weeping, purple, acubolic, intermediate, silver-spotted, etc.

Winged spindle tree Euonymus alata

Winged spindle tree Euonymus alata photo

It is a tree about 4 m high or a spreading shrub 2.5 m tall. Stems or branches are tetrahedral, covered with light gray bark. Leaves are leathery, rhombic in shape, colored dark green. Small greenish flowers are collected in inflorescences of 3 pieces. ripe seed pods turn bright red.

The most popular variety of the species:

Alat eonymus compactus Euonymus alatus compactus photo

Euonymus compactus - the width and height of the bush is limited to 2 m. The shape of the bush is domed. The leaf plates are oval, the light green color changes to bright red in the fall. The seed pods are orange in color, the fruits are red. the variety is winter-hardy, but sensitive to drought, overheating.

Fortune's eonymus Euonymus fortunei

Fortune's spindle tree Euonymus fortunei Canadale Gold photo

Creeping, evergreen shrub that can grow in the middle lane. Leaves are leathery, shiny, elliptical in shape, reaching a length of 4 cm, have slightly curved edges. Reproduces only vegetatively.

Popular varieties:

• Gracilis - creeping shoots reach a length of 1.5 m.The yellowish leaves turn white over time at the edges, and the middle becomes reddish.
• Vegetus - the shoots are thick, the leaves are rounded. The fruits are light yellow, shiny.

Euonymus fortunei Emerald Euonymus fortunei Emerald photo

• Emerald Gold is an evergreen shrub that can grow up to 1.5 wide, 0.5 m high.Leaves 5 cm long have a yellowish tint, along the edges there are strokes, spots of dark yellow color, which acquire a red tint in autumn.

Japanese spindle tree or pseudo-laurus Euonymus japonica

Japanese spindle tree or pseudo-laurus Euonymus japonica Luna photo

Grown in garden and indoor conditions. In the natural environment, the bush reaches a height of 7 m. The stems grow slightly obliquely.

Popular forms:

• Mediopictus - golden leaves with a green border.
• Latifolius Albomarginatus - green leaves are framed by a wide stripe of white.
• Macrophylla - leaves are large, reaching a length of 7 cm.
• Aureo-marginata - green leaves have a golden border.
• Pyramidata - the shape of the bush is pyramidal, the leaves are elliptical.
• Microfillus is a compact bush 0.5 m high and no more than 15 cm in diameter. Leaves are yellow-green, upturned. The flowers are snow-white.

Euonymus large-winged Euonymus macropterus

Euonymus large-winged Euonymus macropterus photo

In the natural environment, it is a large deciduous tree, 9 m high.When gardened in the middle lane, it transforms into a shrub about 3 m high.It is notable for large seed pods of a crimson shade, which open when ripe: wings 1.5 cm long bend, creating a semblance of a flower ...

Dwarf spindle tree Euonymus nanus

Dwarf spindle tree Euonymus nanus photo

Shoots are thin, often spread along the ground, reaching a length of no more than 1 m. Leaves are lanceolate. Small flowers are located in the axils of the leaves, 2-3 pcs. Seed capsules are orange, ripe seeds are brown-red.

Maak's eonymus Euonymus maackii

Euonymus Maack Euonymus maackii photo

It is a multi-stemmed tree or a spreading bush 3-10 m high. The leaves are oval. By autumn, the foliage becomes purple-pink, the shoots are densely strewn with clusters of pink seed bolls.

American Euonymus Euonymus americanus

American spindle tree Euonymus americanus photo

In the USA it is called "broken heart" or strawberry bush. A distinctive feature is that the seed capsule is dense, has a rough surface, and is painted in a red-burgundy shade. Deciduous shrub reaches a height of 2 m. Shoots are thin, greenish or gray-brown. Leaves are oval, serrate at the edges, painted green. In the axils of the leaves, brown-pink flowers are formed.

Wilson's eonymus Euonymus myrianthus

Wilson's spindle tree Euonymus myrianthus photo

Rare view.Feature - the seed pods are colored bright yellow.

Sacred spindle tree Euonymus sacrosancta

Sacred spindle tree Euonymus sacrosancta photo

Bright green diamond-shaped leaves acquire a burgundy color in the fall.

Euonymus in landscape design photo

Euonymus in landscape design photo

Winged spindle tree in autumn photo

Euonymus on a flowerbed photo

Japanese spindle tree hedge photo

Hedge from spindle tree Aureovariegatus Euonymus japonicus ‘Aureovariegatus’ photo

Emerald 'n Gold Wintercreeper in garden design photo

Euonymus are evergreen or deciduous shrubs, trees of the Bereskletov family. This genus is widespread in the subtropical and temperate climates of the entire planet. The main places of their growth are broad-leaved forests. The scientific name in Latin is Euonymus, which means a plant "with a good name."

Features of growing euonymus in different climatic conditions

Euonymus is a plant that in most cases grows in the form of shrubs. It has smooth oval-shaped leaves of various colors. The fruit is a leathery capsule of various colors, which is divided into 4 compartments and resembles a flashlight in shape.

The genus includes about 142 species. They grow in different climatic conditions. The following types of euonymus are mainly known:

• warty (verrucosus);
• European (europaeus);
• dwarf (nanus);
• winged (alatus);
• Fortune (fortunei);
• Japanese (japonicas).

Warty euonymus

Medium-sized shrub, the stems of which are covered with small dark warts. Blooms in May and June. Prefers alkaline soils. Leaves are oval, in autumn they acquire a reddish-pink tint. Flowers are collected in paniculate, nondescript inflorescences. Distributed in the European part of Russia, in most of Western Europe.

European spindle tree

A shrub that grows wild in most areas of central Russia. Its branches are tetrahedral, with corky ribs. Flowers are medium-sized, green, appear in April and June. The fruit is a rectangular box of a reddish hue.

Dwarf euonymus

Low shrub with thin shoots. Leaves are narrow, linear-oblong, greenish-gray. The flowers are brown or pale green and bloom in June. The fruit is a yellow or pink four-lobed capsule. They grow in subtropical regions of Europe and Asia.

Winged euonymus

Deciduous shrub, which is mainly distributed in the Far East, China, Japan. Leaves are ovoid, elongated, smooth, shiny, turn reddish in autumn. May and June bloom in simple, single flowers. The fruit is a brightly colored box.

Fortune's eonymus

A creeping, evergreen shrub that can grow in central Russia. His homeland is China. Leaves are leathery, shiny, with uneven edges, often variegated in color.

Japanese euonymus

An evergreen shrub with leathery, dense leaves. The flowers are yellowish, collected in umbellate inflorescences. It is this species that is used for growing in apartments.

Spindle tree in the open ground and at home (care)

Consider how to grow this plant in summer cottages and an apartment.

Outdoor care

In order for the euonymus to please the gardener for many years, he needs periodic care.

Landing. Planting can be done early spring or autumn - in October... Most euonymus prefer slightly alkaline or neutral soils, so ash should be added to the planting pits. They are not very demanding on lighting, but in the shade variegated varieties can lose brightness and turn green.

Watering. You need to water the euonymus moderately... It has dense, leathery leaves, which allows the plant to slowly evaporate moisture and therefore the soil does not need constant moisture. It is better to mulch the trunk circle, which will allow you to cope with the drying out of the soil in the summer.

Top dressing. You need to feed the euonymus 2 times per year... The first feeding is done in the spring and various organic fertilizers are used. The second is carried out at the beginning of autumn and phosphorus-potassium mineral fertilizers are used for this.

Pruning. Eonymus need constant formative pruning... They can be used to create wonderful examples of topiary art.

Preparing for winter. Spindle trees winter well in the middle lane, but young specimens in the first years should be covered with non-woven material.

Home care

For apartments and winter gardens, euonymus is used:

• Japanese;
• Fortune.

You won't need special care for this plant, but you need to know some subtleties.

Lighting. Houses euonymus are placed on windows with bright, but not direct light. Openings of western or eastern orientation are suitable.

Temperature. These plants do not like very high temperatures in summer, and in winter they must be kept in a cold room at a temperature of +4 degrees.

Humidity. The euonymus has leathery leaves and therefore this plant practically does not need additional humidification of the surrounding air.

Soil and dressing. For planting home spindle trees, any neutral soil that is offered in stores for decorative leafy plants is suitable. The flower is fed once a month using fertilizers that do not contain a large amount of nitrogen.

Pruning. Domestic euonymus needs constant pruning, as this plant grows quickly enough (annual growth can be 20 cm).

Propagation of euonymus bushes by cuttings

Most often, euonymus is propagated by green cuttings. They are cut at the beginning of summer from young, slightly lignified shoots. They are planted in mini greenhouses, in a mixture of nutritious soil and sand. Before planting, the cut is dusted with root. Rooting takes place in 2 months. If young seedlings are in the open field, then at the end of autumn they are carefully covered with non-woven material.

Diseases of the euonymus plant

In most cases, euonymus is affected by fungal diseases. Leaf diseases:

• powdery mildew;
• white, brown, brown spotting;
• viral mosaic.

Diseases of branches and trunks:

• diaport necrosis;
• cucurbitar necrosis;
• phomopsis necrosis;
• tubercular necrosis;
• cytosporous necrosis.

To protect euonymus, it is necessary to use approved fungicides, while it is necessary to strictly monitor the timing of spraying and the rate of consumption of drugs.

Fundazol preparation - application for indoor plants and instructions for working with a fungicide.

Effective ways to combat late blight on indoor plants: read in our article.

Hamedorea: planting and caring for a plant in indoor conditions:

Euonymus fruits - application

In folk medicine, an infusion is made from the fruits of euonymus. It can be used as:

• laxative;
• stimulant of sexual activity.

To prepare the infusion, you must use half a teaspoon of the fruit and 400 ml of boiling water.

When using the fruits of euonymus for treatment, it must be borne in mind that they are poisonous in their raw state.

Euonymus is widely used in gardening household plots, but it can grow well in a winter garden or apartment. The decorative foliage of this plant will always delight the grower, but it's worth a little effort.

Watch a video about keeping Japanese spindle tree at home: