We grow fish at home

Having approached the formation of the pond correctly, having studied the parameters of the water and preparing everything for the launch of the fry, the owner will be able to grow the fish to the optimal size. Careful care and cleaning of the artificial reservoir will increase the number of fish for sale, and therefore increase the amount of profit.

The content of the article:

• Home fish farming from scratch
• Fish farming as a business at home
• Equipment for the reservoir
• Costs and technology of fish farming
• What is the best fish to breed?
• Growing fish at home on a mini-farm: how to organize it correctly?

At the moment, many experts in the field of fish farming consider the fish business to be quite a promising direction. Therefore, by creating conditions for its development, it is possible to solve the problem of providing the state with fish and help fish farms in such a difficult task as the cultivation of various fish species.

Previously, it was popular to breed fish in artificial reservoirs, but in this case, poachers prevented the growth and development of young animals and grown-up individuals, it is for this reason that fish breeders began to engage in organized reproduction and raising fish on mini-farms and at home. But in order for fish breeding to be successful, a novice fish farmer needs to study the breeding instructions and adhere to all the prescribed rules. Without what, domestic fish farming will not bring the desired results?

Home fish farming from scratch

The most important resource for raising any type of fish is water. The growth, development and health of young animals will depend on its quality.

Step one. Creation of an artificial reservoir.

Before proceeding with the creation of a pond, it is necessary to devote time to a complete analysis of the water, having studied all the indicators and quality standards necessary for settling the reservoir with new residents.

For this purpose, it is best to contact Surveillance and ask specialists to carry out the necessary analyzes of the aquatic environment and give advice on improving it, if necessary. If the water quality is not up to standard, do not despair. It is enough to carry out aeration and cleaning of the pond and everything will return to normal.

Step two. Determination of the quality of water resources.

The water in the fish pond must necessarily have the following characteristics:

• Optimal salt ratio;
• Regular and irregular temperature conditions;
• The total number of microorganisms living in it and PH;
• General transparency;
• The presence of minerals necessary for future fish;
• Color qualities;
• The ratio of gases dissolved in water;

If all these characteristics correspond to the declared standards, then it will be possible to grow fish without any problems.

Step three. Launching fry.

Before you start fry into a pond, you need to know what temperature regime is suitable for your chosen fish species. There are fish that are more suitable for cold water, and there are fish breeds that will only feel comfortable in warm water.

Cold-loving breeds include grass carp, carp, catfish, crucian carp, sterlet, silverheads, trout, peled and salmon.Heat-loving fish need to ensure the water temperature is not lower than twenty degrees, and for those who prefer cool waters from ten to twenty degrees. Wintering in the reservoir will also be determined by fish species.

Step four. Stages of fish growing.

In order to properly build your mini fish farm, you need to know that breeding stages are taken into account when growing fish. First, the fish spawn, then fry appear, then the wintering stage follows, the next stage of growth, and experienced fish farmers consider the feeding stage as the last step.

Taking them into account, it is possible to clearly distinguish between these periods and create the necessary scheme for the growth and development of young animals and reared individuals. For each of these stages, it is best to equip your own pond or use plastic pools.

In the pool or pond for spawning, fish farmers are engaged in removing fry from eggs. The hatched fry are transplanted into a pond where they will grow. Upon reaching a certain age, they are placed in a growing reservoir, where they will gain weight. When the generation gets stronger and it will no longer be possible to worry about its health, it is transferred to a feeding pond, but for wintering a special wintering reservoir is used with conditions appropriate for fish.

In order for the fish to grow and develop well, the water in the reservoir must be clean and enriched with oxygen. Also, it should not contain hydrogen sulfide and methane. To avoid their appearance, the pond must be created in an appropriate area, which can be determined using a geodetic map. Also in the reservoir there should be appropriate vegetation, which will saturate the water with substances useful for fish.

Step five. Feeding.

Not only does water play an important role in fish farming, but also the use of appropriate feed additives. In order to grow healthy fish, it is necessary to use feed mixtures appropriate for each breed. They are made up of fats, fiber, legumes, grains, proteins, minerals and vitamins that fish need. The secret of success is simple: in order for the fish to grow well, fish farmers fertilize the reservoirs and mineralize them.

For each age of fish, it is necessary to use its own feed additives, as well as to raise immunity, use therapeutic and stressful feed, which helps the fish to cope with the disease and gain immunity to it. That is, in principle, all that is necessary to know for fish farmers who decide to grow fish at home.

Fish farming as a business at home

The most important thing for growing fish is water, without it it will simply not be possible to breed any of the fish species. For this reason, before deciding to grow fish at home, it is necessary to build a suitable artificial reservoir for it.

For this purpose, it is possible to rent a state reservoir, but this idea is better to be abandoned. Because it will take you a lot of time to obtain various permits and approvals, and in addition to all this, your "fishing spot" will also be threatened by poachers trying to catch as much fish as possible in your reservoir. For this reason, it is best to forget about renting a pond from government agencies. Moreover, the cost of a business based on state lease will be very expensive for you.

Another option is to create an artificial pond in your country or summer cottage. The creation of an artificial reservoir will also cost a lot, but it will still require much less material and nerve costs from you, and you will also be one hundred percent sure of the reliability of your business.

If you want to breed fish for which fresh water is good, then you can use a polycarbonate greenhouse with a plastic pool installed in it. It also needs to purchase compressor and filtering equipment, which will cost the lack of three thousand dollars.If you can create such equipment yourself, you can significantly reduce the cost of equipment for the reservoir. But before you start creating or purchasing it, you need to find out what kind of equipment and materials you need.

Equipment for the reservoir

Purification of water in a reservoir should be carried out using a gravity filter. It is quite simple to install and it will not take much of your time. It costs about five thousand rubles. It is used not only for water purification, but also allows you to remove microorganisms that cause water bloom and the appearance of mud.

In order to saturate the water with oxygen, compressor equipment is used. Its cost can reach ten thousand rubles. In order to prevent the water in the reservoir from blooming, sterilizers with ultraviolet diodes are used. To pump water out of the reservoir, you need to purchase a hydraulic pump (about five thousand rubles). You can also do it by yourself collecting it from the tubes. In this case, the reservoir will be filled with water from underground sources and springs. Feeders can be purchased at tackle stores. Also, do not forget about the drainage equipment.

Costs and technology of fish farming

The benefits of fish farming are clear. On the market, take, for example, a sturgeon, a kilogram costs about two hundred rubles. Buying fry or breeding them yourself, you can get up to a ton of fish per year, which is about one and a half thousand kilograms, which means three hundred thousand rubles.

Having spent one hundred and fifty thousand on your fishing business, you can work out the costs for a year and still make a profit. The main thing is to find points of sale and then you don't have to worry about profit.

Of course, only those people who understand all the risks and are ready to take them can engage in fish farming, because this type of business is quite competitive. And if you are not ready to fight and breed really high-quality and selective fish, it is better not to start it.

And now, finally, you have made a firm decision to create your own fish farm. What documents do you need? Since you will be starting a business, you will need to register your business. This will also require additional costs. You will also need a license to grow fish, which you will need to issue. And when you get the first "harvest", you still have to go through product quality control and obtain special permission from the relevant structures.

What is the best fish to breed?

While the cost of creating an artificial reservoir is easy to calculate, the cost of purchasing and raising fish is very difficult. It is for this reason that a clear business plan must be drawn up.

The most unpretentious fish in food and maintenance is carp. It is also affordable and affordable. When purchasing a ton of carp fry, you will need to spend about a thousand dollars. Moreover, this fish breed will not begin to multiply immediately, but only after three years. In addition, in the cold season, carps grow twice as slow.

In industrial terms, the most profitable fish species are considered to be all varieties of sturgeon. An adult sturgeon weighs an average of five hundred grams. A kilogram of sturgeon at wholesale will cost about ten dollars. In your artificial pond, you can grow about a ton of such fish in six months. And this means that this business can really be called profitable.

Growing fish at home on a mini-farm: how to organize it correctly?

If you follow all of the above tips, then growing fish in your pond or pool is not a problem. This is exactly what the farmer Mikhail Atamanov, who grows sterlet and trout on his farm in Yaroslavl, does. He grows and sells up to ten tons of fish per year and is not going to stop there.According to him, such a business brings him not only tangible profit, but also pleasure.

In our economically difficult times, many are trying to find alternative sources of income. And if you are one of them, you may be interested in your own fish farm. And for this it is not at all necessary to have a pond or a lake in private ownership. A small pond is suitable for this. You can dig out a pond for fish farming yourself. Of course, in this case, you will not get big profits, but you will always be able to provide your family with fresh produce. And this, you see, is important. Growing fish at home does not require large costs, so people can do it even with a small start-up capital. Fisheries technology is akin to animal husbandry: in order to get a good result, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for aquatic animals. This article will describe some recommendations for growing carp, crucian carp, carp. Fish farming in the country is quite real!

To start with it?

At first glance, fish farming at home is not easy. But this is only at first glance: of course, there are some nuances here, but after overcoming the first difficulties, you will understand that everything is not so difficult. Of course, this venture requires a free area, not necessarily very large. Depending on how many pets you are going to settle in the reservoir, calculate its area and depth. You will also have to purchase fry. If this is not possible, then you can independently catch several individuals during the spawning period. Just remember that in this case, the final stage of growing will take a little longer. And yet, the water temperature in your reservoir should be exactly the same as in the natural one. Otherwise, the fish will die.

What breeds should I give preference to?

Not sure which fry to start? Before organizing fish farming at home, carefully familiarize yourself with the life features of those species that you would like to see in your pond, and later on the table. If you do not want to bother too much in this matter, then preference should be given to carp, crucian carp, carp, bream, tench.

Features of each type

Tench is a very shy fish, so if the choice fell on this particular breed, then take care in advance of a reliable shelter for pets. Lay out a house out of stone and branches where the fish can take refuge. And if the conditions of detention are met, then the fish will gain about two hundred grams in weight a year. Do you think tench grows very slowly? Pay attention to the carp. In practice, it turned out that fish farming at home becomes more effective if crucians or carps are put into the pond. They grow much faster and are unpretentious in care. These representatives of cyprinids feed on almost everything: algae, insects, porridge, earthworms. This is their favorite food.

Some nuances

You should pay attention to the following fact. Year-round cultivation in self-dug ponds only makes sense when you have the opportunity to leave the fish for the winter. For this, the reservoir must be deep enough, otherwise the water in severe frosts will freeze to the bottom and aquatic inhabitants will die. If the conditions of keeping do not correspond to the optimal ones, release the fish into the pond for growing in the warm season: April – November.

Feeding features

Of course, in order for the fish to gain weight faster, it must eat well. And for this, the temperature in the pond must be high enough. It is advisable to feed the fish at the same time, then carps and crucians will be waiting for you at the appointed hours. Give steamed grain, small insects, worms as feed. If funds allow, you can buy ready-made fish mixes. In the presence of a small reservoir, it is better to make a pallet with sides made of galvanized iron, which can be taken out of the water. It is more convenient to sprinkle food on it, and besides, you can observe the intensity with which your pets eat. In the hot season, watch the water level, if it starts to fall, you will have to reduce the number of inhabitants of the pond. You can determine this by how carps behave: if they float to the surface and gasp for air, then there is not enough oxygen in the water. For a favorable existence, crucians and carps need a water temperature of twenty-twenty-seven degrees. You will have finished products for the third season. Now you know that fish farming at home is a painstaking, sometimes difficult business, but very interesting, and most importantly - profitable. Of course, a good result will be influenced not only by your efforts, but also by the weather conditions. Any seasoned fish farmer will tell you that you can adapt to anything. And then there will always be fresh fish on your table. And you can always easily sell the surplus on the market. Those who are interested in growing fish at home can only wish good luck!

02.06.2016

Views: 5626

It is quite possible to breed fish at home. It's best to start doing this wonderful thing in the spring. Then avid fishermen, who find it very difficult to live without fishing, will be able to fish in August.

In order to breed fish, you will need:

- free area (perhaps even small);

- a pool, or a container for fish (it is better if it is larger, since during the spawning period this will play an important role in the survival of individuals);

- fry of a certain type of fish, which can be bred at home.

The costs are small. And, of course, the fact that they will pay off very soon warms the soul. This will take approximately two seasons. Indeed, in the warm months, each individual has the ability to work up about one kilogram of growth, and also give offspring.

It should be noted that before starting to grow fish at home, you must thoroughly study all the individual characteristics of the species that you want to grow in the future.

Fish selection

So, first you need to decide what kind of fish to breed. According to statistics, the most popular are two types: carp and trout. They grow well and are in great demand among consumers and buyers.

It is easier to grow carp - they are tenacious and unpretentious; most bodies of water are suitable for them. To grow them, you do not need any special knowledge - it will be enough to read the relevant literature and, if possible, talk to people who are already growing this type of fish. But trout is a more sensitive fish, for which certain conditions need to be created in the reservoir, here you cannot do without an experienced qualified fish breeder. Growing costs will be almost the same, but trout in the markets costs three times more than carp.

If you don't know what kind of fish to breed, then you can use freshly caught fish from any river or lake. But you need to remember that in the process of moving fish from one environment to another, it is important to observe the temperature regime. Otherwise, even a slight difference of two or three degrees can lead to the loss of fish.

Starting a business - renting or creating a reservoir

When choosing a reservoir for fish farming, you should pay attention to its area, depth and bottom type. The optimal size is considered to be a pond or lake with an area of ​​20 to 100 hectares. If the reservoir is smaller, then it will be expensive to grow large volumes of fish.

Keep in mind that it makes sense to breed fish in ponds only if you have reliable and powerful wintering devices at your disposal. If there are none, then it would be more appropriate to engage not in fish cultivation, but in growing in the spring and summer.

If you have at your disposal some part of a well-cleaned and, of course, fenced-off channel, that's good, but if not, you can dig a pond. Its sizes may vary. For example, 4x6 meters, and up to one and a half meters deep. This will provide water heating up to 26 ° С. Thus, your home pond will be quite suitable for several dozen crucians weighing up to 300 g.

Optimal conditions

The health of fish and their growth depends on temperature, water saturation with oxygen, the balance of a closed biological system, and the level of acidity.

To determine if a reservoir is suitable for breeding fish, it is necessary to conduct a survey before settling fish there. It will not be superfluous to conduct such surveys once a season.

If you decide to grow trout, then the most optimal water temperature for it is 16-19 ° C. If the temperature in the reservoir rises above 24 ° C, then the fish will stop feeding and may die. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor the temperature regime of the water.

The best type of reservoir for trout would be a deep quarry, at least 5 m deep, since already at a depth of 4 m the water temperature never rises above 16 ° C.

If we talk about carp, then it is much easier to breed it - it is not so capricious. The only thing that carp cannot tolerate is the high level of pollution of the reservoir. The water temperature should be in the range of 24-25 ° C. The depth of the reservoir can be very small - up to 1.6-1.9 m. At such a depth, the natural food base is actively developing. It is advisable to make sure that the carp pond has a descent: this will greatly facilitate the fishing process in the fall. For this, a dam is being built. This is especially convenient when the reservoir is fed by the river.

Feeding

For feed, it is necessary to take into account 50-60% of all foreseen costs. Of course, you can simply release the carp into the pond and wait for it to grow up, feeding on its own. But in this case, it will take a very long time to wait. In addition, from 1 hectare of water surface it will really be possible to get an increase of only about 120 kg of fish. If you use special feed, then you can safely multiply this figure by two, since fish farming is carried out according to a high-intensity method. The main components of this method are a high density of fish stocking in the pond plus the use of extremely nutritious feed, rich in vitamins, containing a large amount of protein (at least 26-28%) and fat (at least 5-7%). These feeds are usually more expensive, but they are much more effective than conventional compound feeds.

Trout feeding is much more difficult. For trout, you have to buy better quality feed, which is even more expensive. If you use cheap compound feed, then the trout meat will not be red, but white.

The huge difference in the price of feed for carp and trout is justified by the amount of necessary feed that is used to feed them, since at a cost of only 1 kilogram of feed for trout, you can get a kilogram of gain in fish weight. But for a kilogram of carp growth, it will be necessary to spend already 4 kilograms of feed.

Restraint and measure when feeding fish is also important, since when the pond is oversaturated with food, the hydrochemical composition of the water will change - and the fish will stop growing. Carp should be fed daily no more than 3% of the total weight of fish in the reservoir, taking into account the water temperature. The colder the water, the less food the fish will eat, because in cool water the fish metabolism slows down.

If you provide the fish with good feeding, then the increase per day will be up to seven grams. To increase the productivity of weight gain, resort to proper feeding and compact plantings. It should be remembered that when planting five times, special granules or dough are used. And if the density is normal, then the carp are not fed.

Feed the fish in the pond at the same time twice a day.

The main risk in fish farming

The main risk in industrial fish farming is a variety of fish epidemics and diseases. Therefore, the health of a large population must be monitored. To do this, every 10 days, it is necessary to conduct a control catch and investigate the overall growth of the fish population, the state of all internal organs and gills. For the treatment of fish, special medicinal feed with antibiotics and special immune-strengthening drugs that increase immunity are added to the diet. But this must be done under the supervision of veterinarians.

If you miss the beginning of the epidemic, then all the livestock raised can be destroyed.

Optimal fish weight and size

Of course, the larger the fish, the more demand it will be on the market. For carp, the optimal weight should be about 1.5 kg, but for trout - about 1 kg. To this weight, carp will grow for about three years. For the very first summer, carp gains about 25 grams, but over the second summer, about 200 grams more, and, finally, about 1 kilogram in the third summer.

Trout has a growth cycle of approximately 2.5 years. But after all, trout can be sold earlier, for example, after a year and a half, at which time it will reach a weight of about 300 grams. Unfortunately, such trout will only be in demand in restaurants. A 300-gram fish, which is 30 cm long, will lie beautifully and neatly across the plate.

The growth cycle of carp usually ends in autumn. At this time, all ponds of the farm are fished. Therefore, it is in the fall that carp appears on sale in stores and on the market, but prices for it decrease during this period.

Today, more and more people are starting to breed fish at home. The industry is becoming more profitable and more promising every year, and almost everyone, both a city dweller and a farmer, can achieve success in this area.

Fish is a very valuable product on the food market, which is in no way inferior in usefulness to the same beef, and in some cases even exceeds it in terms of the content of nutrients.

Today, many experts agree that the development of the fish business as such is a very, very promising direction. Creation of conditions for these purposes is the "golden mean" that can largely solve the problem of state food provision. In the case of fish farming in artificial conditions, uncontrolled fishing and poaching are replaced by organized fish farming on an industrial scale. But in order to start doing this strategically important craft, novice fishing business executives need to learn a certain number of rules, the observance of which will allow them to create an effective action plan and answer the question of how to breed fish at home.

Undoubtedly, the most important criterion for the existence of a reservoir as such is water.

Construction of an artificial reservoir for fish farming

Immediately before construction starts artificial reservoir it is imperative that a comprehensive analysis of the water is carried out to ensure that its quality complies with the official fishery regulations.

To do this, you need to contact the nearest SES and order a comprehensive event there for the study of hydrochemical, toxicological, bacterial and parasitological water samples taken exactly at the place of the proposed reservoir. It happens that the quality of the water does not meet the fishery standards, but this is not a reason to give up. In such cases, possible methods of water treatment are determined, such as aeration of water resources, general purification of a water source, and others.

Water quality in fisheries

In general, the quality of water in fish-breeding reservoirs is determined by the following characteristics:

- regular / irregular temperature;

- general transparency;

- color qualities;

- the ratio of dissolved gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia);

- the presence of organic substances and biogenic elements such as phosphorus and nitrogen;

- total number of microorganisms, pH - pH;

- salt composition.

As it was already possible to understand, an artificial stocked reservoir and fish farm - This is the same. Due to the correct organization of fish farming in artificial conditions, the maximum result is achieved: fish farms are never left without work and, accordingly, without income. Without causing any damage to natural fish resources, fish farms are able to solve many problems of a strategic, national and even global scale.

This fact is already being confirmed in the West, where this type of farming has been justifying all the hopes placed on it for many decades. The availability of jobs, the improvement of the country's food base, an increase in trade turnover, a positive environmental effect, etc. - all this is achieved with the intensive and comprehensive development of fish farms.

Reservoir stocking rules

Before launching fry into a pond, you should inquire about the temperature preferences of a particular fish. All fish breeds grown under artificial conditions are divided into heat-loving and cold-loving.

The first group includes fish such as carp, crucian carp, grass carp, silver carp, catfish and others. The group of cold-loving fish includes, in particular, salmon: salmon, trout, peled, sterlet, whitefish and others. For thermophilic fish species, the most favorable conditions for growth are at a temperature of 20-30 C, and for cold-loving species - at 10-20 C. The very possibility of life in reservoirs in winter is determined by the properties of water in a stocked reservoir.

For example, experienced fish farmers know that water has the highest density at a temperature of 4 C. But at the freezing point of water, at 0 C, water has a lower density. That is why ice forms on the surface of the reservoir and protects the reservoir from its complete freezing. In this case, nature has thought of everything and without human intervention.

Breeding stages of fish

In order to choose the right strategy for building a fish farm in advance, you need to know that there are several stages of fish farming in commercial fisheries:

- spawning stage

- fry stage

- wintering stage

- growth stage

- feeding stage

Thus, on fish farms, a clear delineation of the periods of fish development is achieved. In spawning reservoirs, they are engaged in the fact that larvae are removed from the eggs, then they are successively transplanted into the fry, nursery and feeding pond. From spring to late autumn, the grown up, strengthened young generation lives in feeding ponds.

With the arrival of winter, young fish are transferred to a special wintering pond... In general, by the end of autumn the fish is able to reach the required marketable weight and can be successfully sold.

The main feature of an excellent fish pond is the presence of a variety of biological processes and their complete control. That is, in artificially created reservoirs, they not only raise fish or other inhabitants of fresh water, but also independently set the necessary course for these biological processes.

The main indicator of good control in relation to a fish farm is clean, oxygen-rich water in the reservoir. To maintain a favorable microclimate, you need to take care of the absence of methane or hydrogen sulfide in the water.

To do this, it is best to initially ask the relevant services for geodetic data of the territory. If possible, it is better to hire specialists on your own and conduct a geodetic survey of the area.

In addition to all this, for the most favorable development of fish, many trace elements and minerals, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, nitrogen, etc., must be present in the water.This is achieved with the help of seedlings of special species of algae, as well as with the help of artificial enrichment of the reservoir with useful substances. This is what specialized firms are doing today.

In general, in order for the living conditions of a fish farm to comply with all modern standards, you need to understand one simple mechanism: everything in the pond must be interconnected in a circular pattern.

After all, everyone knows what the synthesis process in nature is? For those who have forgotten the school curriculum, we recall that synthesis is the exchange of energy between living organisms, which initially enters the earth through the sun's rays.

The same should be strived for when creating and operating a fish farm: all living organisms in a reservoir should be interconnected by natural processes.

How to feed fish in a pond

With intensive cultivation of fish in artificial conditions, you need to constantly monitor the feeding of the fish.

For these purposes, farmers resort to using special feed mixtures, which are purchased through dealers or directly at the manufacturing plant. The fish feed contains only natural ingredients such as legumes, grains, bran, oilcake, as well as some components of animal protein origin.

In order to enrich the natural fodder base of a fish farm, you can resort to general water fertilization and amelioration of the reservoir. The most intensive methods of fish farming in artificial conditions is fish farming in cages and pools.

Feeding your fish should be taken more than seriously. It should be clearly understood that there are separate special feeds for larvae, juveniles and adults of producers.

To increase the immunity of fish, fish farmers resort to the use of special feeds, which are called medicinal stress feeds.

In addition to the intensive, there is also an extensive method of fish farming. In these cases, the farmers resort to natural fish nutrition, without the use of any additional feeding.

Sturgeon fish stock

For any method of growing fish in artificial conditions, the availability of high-quality fish stock is also considered a guarantee of success.

Fish seed is understood as the process of biological cultivation of eggs, which is under the full control of specialists in narrow industries. So, thanks to the high level of selection and breeding work, it is possible to significantly increase the overall efficiency of fish farms.

This method allows from the very beginning to replace a manufacturer with low productivity characteristics with a manufacturer with the required quality.

For the same purpose, a special reserve fund of fish planting material is created, which, in unfavorable conditions, compensates to one degree or another for the losses that were caused to fish as a result of difficult wintering or other circumstances.

As a worthy example of the prospects and opportunities for fish farming, one can cite the fact that scientists of the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the first time in the world received valuable black caviar of sturgeon fish species that are grown in artificial conditions. Moreover, this unique technology in all respects allows not only to preserve the life of sturgeons and accelerate the process of raising valuable fish species by up to three to four times, but also to take an important step in preserving the so-called “Red Data Book” species.

Getting sturgeon caviar at home

Under artificial conditions, it is possible to obtain caviar from such a species of sturgeon as sterlet.

Thanks to the same innovative developments, this process today takes two years, although in natural conditions the sterlet is capable of “milking” by about the fifth year of its life, and some sturgeons spawn only after 12-15 years, when they reach sexual maturity.Almost the same applies to beluga, which in artificial conditions is capable of producing eggs twice as fast as in the wild. But in general, there is nothing super difficult in the task of obtaining caviar in artificial conditions. For a good result, it is enough to create and maintain optimal conditions in the aquatic environment: water temperature, oxygen content, hydrochemical characteristics, etc.

Milking sturgeon in artificial conditions is far from a simple technological process. To get sturgeon caviar, you need to treat fish like a milkmaid treats a cow.

Stroking and massaging the abdomen, patting the mother by the ichthyologist, and gentle words will not hurt either. Experts say that with this approach, the amount of black caviar will exceed all expectations. After milking, part of the eggs is sent to the market, part is frozen in cryochambers, and part is fertilized, after which the fertilized eggs are transferred using a conventional sieve to the “fish incubator”, in which they have to stay for several weeks.

By the way, after young individuals grow up, many farmers introduce microchips to them and only after that they are released into adulthood. This allows scientists to control the situation and once again rejoice at the effectiveness of their technologies.

Modern methods of fish farming in artificial conditions were developed and implemented taking into account the realities of today. In other words, during the development, absolutely all criteria were taken into account that can affect the cost of the final product.

So, for example, a closed water supply cycle, a balanced three-time diet, divided by seasons, temperature regime, light regime, as well as the speed of water flow in artificial reservoirs, was developed.

The technology developed by the scientists of the SSC RAS ​​is now used both in small farms and in large industrial production. This method allows for one year to receive marketable products weighing 1.5 kilograms per unit, and in two years - fish weighing 3.5 kilograms. In general, food caviar is obtained in 3-4 years of effective work. One of the "secrets" of such a rapid rate of development of fish under artificial conditions is the fact that scientists artificially create several years and winters for fish during one year.

So, the main conditions accompanying favorable fish farming in artificial conditions are the general water quality, diet and diet, as well as temperature and light conditions.

Any violation of these norms can lead to a slowdown in growth, as well as cause disease and death of fish.

For the most correct selection of equipment, as well as the mode and method of feeding the fish, you first need to decide what kind of fish you are going to breed.