How to grow oyster mushrooms at home in bags on the street?

Growing mushrooms at home allows you to pamper yourself with this tasty and healthy product all year round, and can also become an excellent source of additional income. Oyster mushrooms are one of the simplest types of mushrooms of their kind. Anyone who has decided to try their hand at mushroom growing can feel like a master growing oyster mushrooms. This variety is very unpretentious and does not require special care. Where is the best place to grow oyster mushrooms at home and what is needed for this? Let's try to figure it out!

Features of growing oyster mushrooms: necessary conditions and premises

Oyster mushrooms or oyster mushrooms are a unique species that can sprout on any soil, be it dry grass, thyrsa, coffee grounds or even cotton fabric. This stunted plant is able to extract nutrients from everything in its environment. Another advantage of the species is its fast growth rate. Already two weeks after sowing, the first crop can be harvested.

Growing oyster mushrooms does not require any special knowledge and skills. The best place for growing oyster mushrooms will be the basement or cellar of a private house. Oyster mushrooms are not thermophilic and do not need a lot of light. If you do not have a basement, they can be grown in a greenhouse in a country house or shed. Despite the simplicity and the absence of excessive care of mushrooms, the growing room must be properly prepared.

The following equipment should be installed in the room and special conditions for growing oyster mushrooms should be created:

1. Growing equipment (bags). The choice of equipment depends on the method of growing oyster mushrooms. The most convenient and economical option is bag cultivation. To do this, you need special supports with hangers, on which the bags with the substrate are suspended. It is best to use plastic equipment, it does not corrode and is much cheaper. By the way, oyster mushrooms can also be grown on stumps.
2. Room temperature. This mushroom does not need high temperatures, so there is no need to create a greenhouse. It will be enough to insulate the room and carry out thermal insulation to retain moisture. Naturally, elementary heating devices must be present so that the temperature does not fall below 13 ° C. An elevated temperature is necessary only at the initial stage after planting the mycelium (22 ° C - 25 ° C). Infrared lamps can be used for additional heating.
3. Humidity. Oyster mushrooms are very fond of moisture, so the air in the growing room must be constantly humidified.It is very easy to do this using nebulizers or special electronic humidifiers. The humidity level should be around 70-90%.
   
4. Ventilation and lighting. All mushrooms grow in the fresh air and oyster mushrooms are no exception. The room must be systematically ventilated. This can be done manually, or you can install special hoods that will deliver fresh air. Again, purchasing such equipment is expensive, so unless you plan to grow large quantities of oyster mushrooms for sale, it won't be cost effective. When it comes to lighting, you need to install fluorescent garden lamps. You won't need a lot of them, since this type of mushroom does not require a lot of light.
5. Cleanliness and pest free. To grow a large, and most importantly, a healthy harvest, the premises must be clean. If the basement is heated by groundwater, and there is fungus or bloom on the walls, this can seriously affect the yield. Mushrooms will hurt, light spots will appear on them, mushrooms will lose their density, become soft. To protect future plantings, it is necessary to disinfect the premises. First, they thoroughly clean the walls, ceiling and floor, remove all dirt and mold. Then, all surfaces are sprayed with a solution of sulfate, and the walls and ceiling are covered with a solution of lime and copper sulfate.

Video: a room for growing oyster mushrooms in the basement

Note! If there is a fungus in the room, it is better not to use it as a greenhouse. High humidity, which is necessary for growing mushrooms, will only aggravate the situation, the disease will affect crops, they will become inedible and poisonous.

How to grow oyster mushrooms at home: growing technology

Having decided on the location of the mushroom greenhouse, after thoroughly disinfecting the premises and installing the necessary equipment, you can proceed to the very process of growing the mushrooms. The technology of growing oyster mushrooms involves several stages.

Video: step-by-step instructions for breeding oyster mushrooms at home

Substrate preparation

The key to a rich harvest is a high-quality substrate. Although it is generally believed that oyster mushrooms are indiscriminate in this regard, the soil should still be fertile.

The best substrates for breeding oyster mushrooms are:

• dry straw of wheat, barley and buckwheat;
• hardwood sawdust;
• sunflower seed husks;
• dried stalks and ears of corn.

Choose the amount of substrate according to the amount of mushrooms you want to grow. So, one bag for growing oyster mushrooms is designed for 5 kg of substrate. All components of the substrate must be clean and dry, they must not have mold or rot, and they must not be rotten. It is best to disinfect the selected substrate by heat treatment. Next, you need to grind these components to a fraction of 4-5 cm and mix. Repeated heat treatment for two hours and squeeze out.

Actually, the substrate for growing oyster mushrooms is ready.

Selection and purchase of mycelium

For growing oyster mushrooms at home, it is best to use grain mycelium. It is very convenient to sow and does not require additional processing.

When buying mycelium, pay attention to its appearance. The grains should be yellow with a slight orange tint. It is strictly forbidden to buy mycelium on which dark spots are visible - this is the first indication of the presence of mold. You can also determine the quality of the planting material by smell, it must be fresh and smell like mushrooms. If you smell a slight ammonia smell, it means that the mycelium was stored incorrectly and has deteriorated.

Be sure to pay attention to the manufacturer's company, it is better if it is a well-known and large manufacturer in the seed market, read reviews of gardeners on the Internet. Do not buy large quantities of mycelium at once, take a trial batch.If the mycelium germinates without problems, forms good and healthy myceliums, you can purchase a large batch.

If you want to make your own oyster mushroom mycelium, then read this article.

Landing

Before proceeding with planting, the mycelium must be placed in a room where oyster mushrooms will grow for a day. This is done in order to equalize the temperature and the mycelium does not die from shock.

To grow oyster mushrooms in bags, it is imperative that it first be disinfected or thermally treated. An effective way of processing is washing with a solution of bleach.

The optimal volume of the bag should be at least 5 kg.

Further, the planting of oyster mushroom mycelium or the formation of mushroom blocks is as follows:

1. There is a layer-by-layer filling of the bag with a substrate and mycelium. For every 5 centimeters of the substrate, there should be about 0.5 cm of mycelium. The top and bottom layers in the bag should be substrate.
2. At the end of the filling of the mushroom block, the bag is tightly tied at the neck.
3. Then small holes are cut at a distance of 10 cm from each other, with a diameter of no more than 2 cm. The cuts are best done in a checkerboard pattern.

Attention! The planting of mycelium and the cultivation of oyster mushrooms are carried out in separate rooms, since there is a high risk of infection of myceliums.

Video: how to make a perforation of a mushroom block

Further care

In the period from planting to the formation of myceliums, temperature room air should be 18 ° C - 20 ° C. As soon as they are visible first fungi formations, the temperature is lowered to 13 ° C - 15 ° C. This is the optimum temperature for growing all types of oyster mushrooms.

It is very important to maintain humidity air. Watering the substrate is strictly prohibited, since in wet soil the mycelium begins to rot. Even if the myceliums survive, all the mushrooms will hurt, rot and dark spots will begin to appear on them. To achieve optimal humidity in the room, you can hang wet sheets or any other wet cloth. Open containers with water are left near the heating devices, in this way the moisture evaporates faster and saturates the air.

Harvesting

The fruiting period for oyster mushrooms is only 30 - 35 days, which is a very short period. The thing is that these mushrooms have a very high frequency of fruiting: every 7 to 9 days. That is, already 9 days after planting the mycelium, you can harvest the first full harvest.

It is customary to cut the mushrooms with a knife carefully so as not to damage the main root attached to the mycelium. When collecting mushrooms, absolutely all fruits cannot be cut from one mycelium. It is necessary to leave 2 - 3 of the smallest mushrooms on the stem, otherwise the mycelium may dry out and stop bearing fruit.

Video: how to properly harvest oyster mushrooms

Important! After the last crop of mushrooms has been harvested, the substrate and bags must be disposed of. They are not recyclable. The room is well cleaned, ventilated and disinfected. It will be possible to re-breed mushrooms only 2 weeks after all harvesting work.

Video: technology for growing oyster mushrooms

Oyster mushroom diseases and pests: control measures and precautions

It happens that during the fruiting period, the mushrooms begin to hurt. A variety of factors can be the cause of such diseases. If all disinfection work has been carried out in the room, diseases should not disturb the crop.

The main number of fungal diseases lies in the substrate... As a rule, bacteria enter along with wet and rotten straw.

Important! If you are not sure about the quality of the substrate, it heat treatedbefore planting the mycelium. It is placed in a large container and poured with boiling water, after which it is boiled for 2 hours, then squeezed and dried.

In a damp substrate, the mushrooms begin to rot, the legs darken and become soft. This disease is called dark rot. If, nevertheless, she overtook the plantings, it is necessary to remove all diseased plants along with the substrate.

Very often oyster mushrooms are attacked mushroom flies, a little less often - ticks. These parasites are also born in the mycelium when the air is too humid and the room is not ventilated. Light pits appear on the mushrooms, like small bites. Naturally, such mushrooms must be removed immediately and the room must be disinfected. Do this with smoke bomb, which is left for a day in a hermetically sealed room, and then thoroughly ventilate it.

It is necessary to carefully monitor the state of the mushrooms from the formation of the mycelium to the last fruiting. If one of the myceliums is infected, the entire bag will have to be thrown away, and this will significantly reduce the yield increase.

Summarize. Based on all of the above, it can be understood that growing oyster mushrooms at home is a very simple but time-consuming process. To do this, you will need to purchase special equipment, prepare the premises and fertile soil, and purchase high-quality mycelium. Further, it all depends on your patience and hard work. With proper care, up to 9 kg of mushrooms can be harvested from one bag. Growing oyster mushrooms is an excellent option for getting your first experience in mushroom growing.

Video: how to grow oyster mushrooms at home

It will be about tasty, healthy, unpretentious mushrooms, how to grow oyster mushrooms at home, about all stages of this process. After all, we all eat mushrooms with pleasure, we love to wander through the forest, collecting them, but if there are suitable conditions, interest, a great desire, then it is quite possible to grow mushrooms ourselves. It is worth noting the amazing adaptability of oyster mushrooms: they can grow on stumps, on tyrsa (sawdust), even on paper. They don't need soil. They are characterized by fast fruiting - 1-1.5 months.

Choosing a room and preparing a substrate

To grow oyster mushrooms, it is necessary to equip a non-residential place in advance. For these purposes, basements, garages (in which there are no cars), cellars, sheds or rooms specially equipped for these purposes are excellent. Before starting any preparatory work, it is necessary to decontaminate the place where we will grow oyster mushrooms.

A lime solution (4%) will do this well. Floor, walls, ceiling - all available surfaces must be thoroughly disinfected, and then the room must be closed for a couple of days. After the specified time has elapsed, you need to open the doors wide open and thoroughly ventilate this place until the smell of lime completely disappears.

The technology of growing oyster mushrooms at home implies the choice of the material most suitable for these purposes. The substrate creates optimal conditions for growth: it can be wood chips, corn stalks, buckwheat or sunflower husks, and cereal stalks. Large fragments of the substrate on which we will grow oyster mushrooms should be finely chopped.

Any material you choose needs processing - pasteurization:

1. Fill the substrate with warm water, not hotter than +23 .. + 25 ° С, holding time - 20-30 minutes. At the same time, we stir the mixture in a container, as if washing it from dirt.
2. We drain the dirty water, squeeze out the material and re-fill it with hot water (+80 .. + 90 ° С) and press it down with a heavy object (under oppression). We leave the substrate like this for 6-7 hours, after which we drain the water and finally squeeze it out.
3. To increase the productivity of the material and subsequent fruiting, it is necessary to saturate the substrate with active elements. Superphosphate, gypsum, limestone and urea are taken in a proportion of 0.5%: 2%: 2%: 0.5%.
4. During the "fertilization" of the substrate with additives, its moisture content should be about 70% - this will allow the chemical elements to stay inside the mixture, not to leak out with water.

After the room is prepared and disinfected, and the substrate is pasteurized, it is the turn of laying the mycelium into the mixture. You can buy oyster mushroom mycelium in the mycological laboratory. You can choose the best quality product from the wide selection of commercial varieties of mushrooms. Specialized online stores are also at your service.

Pre-calculate the volumes - for sowing a 10-kilogram block, you will need 200-250 g of oyster mushroom mycelium (if it is of imported origin) or 100 g more if the raw material is domestic.

↑ to the table of contents ↑ How to grow oyster mushrooms at home step by step

The mycelium is added to the substrate at the rate of 300-500 g per 10 kg of the mixture. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the material at the time of adding the mycelium does not exceed + 30 ° C (so as not to ruin the raw material).

This is followed by the preparation of bags for laying the mixture and oyster mushroom mycelium. For these purposes, it is very convenient to use dense plastic bags and bags. Sizes 40 × 60 cm and 50 × 100 cm are the most optimal. We lay out the resulting composition in bags and carefully twist them, while there should be no air inside.

We make holes in the blocks with a knife. The incisions should be located arbitrarily - at a distance of 10-15 cm from one another. After the performed manipulations, the bags are stacked on top of each other (2-4 pieces each) or suspended on special hooks pre-installed in the ceiling or walls. There should be a distance between the bags to ensure comfortable air circulation.

Also, for growing oyster mushrooms, it is very convenient to use special wooden stakes on a stable basis - blocks with a substrate are simply strung on them in several pieces.

Growing oyster mushrooms at home in bags involves maintaining a certain temperature and light conditions. Thus, for full germination, mushrooms require a temperature level of about +18 .. + 24 ° С along with high humidity (90-95%).

Sometimes, for additional humidification, buckets of water are placed between the rows of bags, and the necessary air exchange is maintained with the help of fans. Ventilation is important in this case - the excessive release of carbon dioxide inhibits the growth of oyster mushrooms. No light is needed during the incubation period. Make sure that flies do not enter the room at all stages of growing and fruiting.

Growing oyster mushrooms at home includes an incubation period of approximately 14-17 days.

In the first days, the temperature inside the blocks rises, make sure that it does not exceed the level of + 30 ° С. If the temperature is about to reach a critical point, direct the running fan towards the bags. As mentioned above, such an indicator (elevated temperature) is detrimental to the mycelium. At the end of the incubation period, the blocks are covered with a white bloom - this is the beginning of germination of oyster mushrooms.

Growing at this stage involves maintaining certain conditions indoors:

• humidity of air - at least 80%, and preferably up to 90-95%;
• air temperature at the level of +12 .. + 17 ° С;
• the required 8-hour lighting is 100-170 lux (as on a cloudy day), ordinary day lamps will do;
• frequent ventilation.

It is possible to maintain humidity by sprinkling the walls and floor with a spray bottle, but the water should not get onto the blocks. This fruiting period lasts about 2 weeks; by the end of the term, the caps of the oyster mushrooms become quite large.

It's harvest time. In this case, you do not need to cut off the myceliums with a knife, but carefully twist them out of the bag with the substrate. After the first removal of the oyster mushroom, you should thoroughly ventilate the room and wait for the second round of fruiting.

The first harvest is the largest, the second is slightly smaller, the third is less than the second - that is, the yield waves follow each other in decreasing order.

The rest period between the "waves" is 8-10 days, and the "waves" themselves can be 4 or even 6.

The substrate, which has already served its term, becomes an excellent fertilizer for summer cottages.

↑ to the content ↑ How to grow oyster mushrooms at home on stumps

An excellent option for owners of summer cottages is the method of growing oyster mushrooms on stumps - this method does not require excessive efforts. For these purposes, it is better to choose freshly cut hemp, but you can also prepare it in advance. They should be placed in shaded areas where there is no access to sunlight, for example, under spreading tree crowns or under vineyards.

Stumps need to be soaked in water and kept for about 3-4 days, older specimens - a week. Then, using a drill (20-25 mm), you need to drill 8-10 holes 7-10 cm deep. These recesses are then filled with oyster mushroom mycelium, the top is covered with clay or clogged with moss.

The stumps must be constantly wet, for this they can be covered with cling film and placed in the basement for a month and a half. When the stumps are overgrown with mycelium (in appearance something like a white film), they can be taken out into the air, placed in shady places.

Studying the possibilities and options for ways to grow oyster mushroom at home, it should be recognized that this method does not require excessive efforts, it is ideal for the owners of summer cottages.

Important information - a prerequisite is the use of respirators and protective masks when working with mycelium, as well as during fruiting! If it enters the respiratory tract, fungal spores can seriously harm your health.

This will require commitment and patience from you. Mushroom growing is truly a fun and rewarding activity. The topic of how to grow oyster mushrooms at home finds more and more fans among summer residents and enthusiastic gardeners. In addition to the presence of this tasty and rich product on the dinner table, the cultivation of oyster mushrooms is an interesting and profitable business. Try and grow oyster mushroom at home - a rich harvest for six months will undoubtedly please you.

Today is an article about growing oyster mushrooms at home. This mushroom grows successfully not only in the wild and in specially equipped places at home.

The shaded areas of the garden are perfect for breeding this natural delicacy. Oyster mushroom belongs to the family of saprophytic mushrooms. They feed on non-living organic material. In the wild, oyster mushrooms are found on deciduous trees. Mushroom lovers have noticed that it is much faster to grow these mushrooms on a specially prepared substrate than to find them in the wild.

How to grow oyster mushrooms at home

Types of oyster mushrooms

Oyster mushroom feeds on dead wood and is found on stumps, dead wood and dead trunks. This mushroom got its fame after it began to be cultivated “at home”. The cultivated varieties of winter oyster mushrooms were bred from wild-growing mushrooms - oyster mushrooms. They were named so because they bear fruit at temperatures between 4 and 15 ° C. For the same reason, they are suitable for growing in autumn and spring.

The colors of the fruit bodies of winter oyster mushrooms are very diverse: gray, blue, steel or dark brown. The pulp of the mushrooms is dense, white, aromatic.

Summer oyster mushrooms originally from Florida. They bear fruit at higher temperatures of + 15-25 ° C. In the hottest season, when temperatures rise above + 28 ° C, the mycelium temporarily stops the formation of fruit bodies. Summer oyster mushrooms, painted in colors from light brown to yellowish or almost white, have delicate mushroom formations.

For year-round cultivation of oyster mushrooms, the closest relative is better adapted - oyster mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius). It forms mushroom bodies in the temperature range +6 + 28 ° С. Her gray cap can be colored in various shades from light to dark.This fungus begins to bear fruit in the spring and forms on the substrate until late autumn.

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus comucopiae) - as a wild mushroom grows and is cultivated as a cultivated one in the Far East. He is gray in color

Wild species of mushrooms in nature reproduce by spores. Mushroom growers, at home, grow mycelium from these spores. The mycelium is the seed from which mushrooms are then cultivated.

How to grow mycelium yourself

You can also grow oyster mushroom mycelium at home. To do this, you need to prepare some tools and containers: test tubes, pipettes, tweezers, thermometer, spirit lamp. Of the materials you will need:

• potato,
• carrots or oats,
• agar,
• 5% glucose solution,
• hydrogen peroxide.

It is important to remember that after each action with any tool, it must be treated with a disinfectant solution.

We will make a nutrient substrate for obtaining a uterine culture with our own hands. Let's take potato-glucose, oatmeal or carrot agar as a basis. The prepared nutritional "broth" is poured into test tubes and sterilized. Prepared test tubes with a nutrient medium are installed obliquely, increasing the surface area.

For self-obtaining of uterine mycelium, pieces of a mushroom cap are used. Before placing a piece of the cap in a nutrient medium, it is disinfected in 3% hydrogen peroxide. A disinfected piece of a mushroom cap is placed on a frozen nutritious broth. A sterile test tube is closed with a cork burned over a fire.

After 14 days of storing test tubes in a darkened room at a temperature of + 24 ° C, mycelium grows in the test tubes, which is transferred to the substrate.
To grow high-quality mycelium at home, you need to ensure sterility:

1. Treat the work surface and tools with a disinfectant solution.
2. In the room used, quartzing is carried out for at least 20 minutes.
3. Tools are fired over a spirit lamp.
4. Hands are rubbed with an antibacterial agent.

The intermediate oyster mushroom mycelium is grown on the grains of any cereal. The grains are boiled for 15 minutes, then they are dried. Calcium carbonate and gypsum are added to the dried grains.

In a glass jar, with a capacity of no more than 1 liter, the resulting grain mixture is poured into two-thirds of the volume and sterilized. A certain amount of the grown mycelium is added to the cooled sterile grain mass. Now we leave the grain mixture for two to three weeks. The resulting mycelium can be stored for 3 months at 0 +20 degrees.

Properly grown, suitable for reproduction, the intermediate oyster mushroom mycelium is a lush coating of snow-white color with a pleasant mushroom aroma. The seed mycelium is grown from the intermediate mycelium using exactly the same technology (on grain).

Add 1 spoon of intermediate mycelium to a liter jar. The resulting mycelium is inoculated into a substrate to obtain a harvest of mushrooms.

At home, it is very difficult to comply with all sterility requirements for obtaining mushroom mycelium, so it is easier to buy ready-made mycelium for sowing on a prepared substrate.

Oyster mushrooms at home in bags

Oyster mushrooms grow on almost any waste of a subsidiary farm. Any straw, cabbage stubs, corn stalks, sunflower seeds or rice husks are suitable for this purpose. The prepared material is crushed, mixed with gypsum and ground limestone (2% by weight of the substrate) and simple superphosphate and urea (0.5% each).

The mixture is steamed with boiling water for 2-4 hours, then the humidity level is reduced to 75%. It is not difficult to determine the required level of humidity - the water should not drain, but when you press on the substrate, a certain amount of water should be released.

Fill 3/4 of a 50L polyethylene bag with the prepared hot substrate and tie the open side. When the substrate has cooled to 25-28 ° C, the seed mycelium is added to it. It is covered with a substrate by 10-15 cm.After that, holes 15-20 mm in size are cut in the film of the bag in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 15 cm.

The holes can be vertical, with an inclination - this does not affect the growth of mushrooms

4-5 days after sowing, signs of mycelium growth will appear on the surface of the substrate. It will take 8-10 days and the white fluff will turn light brown, and plexus of threads will appear on the substrate, which will tell you that the mycelium is ripe. Normally, the temperature of the substrate must be maintained no higher than + 28 ° C.

The bags with the substrate are placed vertically or suspended in a room with a temperature of 12-15 ° C and lighting of about 70-100 W for 10 hours a day. Maintain constant humidity at 90%.

Oyster mushrooms on sawdust

In order for oyster mushrooms to grow on sawdust or shavings, they are poured into the furrow with a layer of 15-20 cm and spilled with a suspension of fungal spores. The seed mycelium is introduced into prepared wells, with a depth of 5 to 7 cm. After adding the mycelium, they are covered with a substrate, covered with a film on top and the edges are pressed down. The emerging mushrooms are ready to be harvested in 2-2.5 months.

Oyster mushrooms on a tree stump

For growing oyster mushrooms in the open air, grain mycelium is used. Its layer of 1.5-2 cm is applied to the surface of the stump. Then the stump is covered with plastic wrap, the edges are pressed to the ground. The most suitable time for this is early April.

Stump waiting for the harvest

For 10 stumps, you will need about 1 kg of grain mycelium. It is safer to make mycelium in 3-4 cm cuts and 5-6 cm wide. You can drill holes of the same depth and 1.5-2 cm in diameter. The surface is covered with fresh sawdust, the holes are closed with wood corks. The stump is covered with polyethylene, the edges are sprinkled with a layer of earth.

They also sell ready-made sticks with oyster mushroom mycelium - they are inserted into the stump

The crop can be harvested in 3.5-4 months. On such a hemp, mushrooms grow for 5-7 years. Then the stumps crumble.

How to grow oyster mushrooms in the basement

The basement used for growing mushrooms must be frost-proof, the maintained air humidity in it must be at least 60%.
Fruiting bodies of mushrooms are formed at temperatures from +5 degrees. The final temperature for growing mushrooms is + 30 degrees.

Growing oyster mushrooms on stumps in the basement - we provide dampness

Active growth and harvest

It is very interesting to observe the growth and formation of fungi - they grow quickly. You can involve children in the process of growing oyster mushrooms, they will have a lot of impressions.

With the beginning of the appearance of the first embryos of oyster mushrooms, the substrate is watered every other day, illuminated for 6-7 hours with fluorescent lamps, with a power of about 100 watts. Daily, 2-3 hour airing. After the formation of the first mushrooms, watered even more often. Water from the bottle is poured directly into the bag, having untied it on top. Oyster mushrooms themselves are sprayed twice a day.

Bags in the spring, with the onset of stable heat, are taken out into the street, but they must be covered with a dense, opaque material. With the onset of active growth of mushrooms, the bags are untied and left open, but not in direct sunlight.

Oyster mushrooms in bags

Mushrooms are cut when they grow to 10 cm. They grow to this size in 3-5 days.
After a while, the harvests harvested from the bag begin to fall. Such a bag is taken to a dark place. After 1-2 months, the harvest of mushrooms from the "rested" bag can be harvested again.

Growing oyster mushrooms in the basement in bags

Vegetable beds can be fertilized with the contents of the bags, on which mushrooms no longer grow, - very good compost matures in the bags.

Is it profitable to grow oyster mushrooms for sale

You can profit from growing mushrooms for sale in a subsidiary farm. But a lot is needed for this.

1. We need premises. Not very hot up to + 30 ° С in summer and not freezing in winter. The premises must be ventilated and illuminated. Before starting to grow mushrooms, any room must be treated from extraneous fungi - mold.
2. If you grow the mycelium for growing mushrooms yourself, it takes a lot of time, becausethe process is quite laborious. You can buy ready-made, but you need to be sure of the quality of the purchased material.
3. You can make the bags with the substrate yourself and sow them with purchased mycelium, but this requires a sufficient amount of raw materials for the substrate.

Your harvest

4. You need to have enough time for the constant care of plantings - watering, airing, monitoring the state of the substrate. If mold appears, such bags must be urgently removed.

5. Also. Mushrooms secrete spores into the surrounding space, which will definitely enter the lungs when breathing, and this is very harmful to health.

6. But the most difficult thing, as in any business, is to enter the market with your product. Oyster mushroom is a healthy and tasty product, but perishable. It takes a lot of effort to hand it over to the store. It is especially difficult to establish a mutually acceptable price - so that the goods do not linger in the store and bring profit to the manufacturer. In turn, the store may require a quality certificate.
But if there is a desire to do this business, if you think in advance about the solution to the problems that arise, then with not the largest investments you can get a good income.

Even if you just grow a few kilograms of mushrooms for your family, you will have a lot of pleasure and feed your relatives.

Now you can grow oyster mushrooms yourself at home, instead of buying from the store. Wish you luck!

Best regards, Sophia Guseva.

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Growing mushrooms in a greenhouse is a very interesting topic that we have already talked about. But we had an idea to grow oyster mushrooms in the country. As far as possible and what is necessary for growing oyster mushrooms in the country, we will consider right now.

Oyster mushrooms are an excellent and rapidly growing species of mushrooms, which for many has become not only a product of their own production, but also an industrial culture that has firmly occupied a certain niche in the market. By and large, such mushrooms are inexpensive, and you won't earn much by growing them in small quantities, but you can always organize a small “garden” in a certain room and get a fresh mushroom every day for your own needs. Boiled, fried, stewed, pickled, canned oyster mushrooms, mushrooms in a salad or fried - all this will cease to be a problem if you start growing in the country. Of course, the organization of a place for production and some start-up costs are ahead, but then there are no problems, and only fresh and fragrant mushrooms every day.

Growing oyster mushrooms in the country

The technology of growing oyster mushrooms involves a special algorithm that you should follow at first, but also in the future, do not forget about the main points. In principle, all ingenious is simple, and in order to grow a decent harvest, you will need to fulfill only the simplest requirements.

Selection and preparation of premises for oyster mushrooms

To grow mushrooms, we need to choose a room in the country that is not currently in use. It is advisable to define exactly the one that is not planned to be used in the near future. This can be a basement, a cellar, a special pit in an old garage, a newly equipped room specifically for a small business.

Also read: Top dressing and processing of raspberries in the spring from diseases and pests

We recommend using chopped straw or husk and a mixture of these materials for mushroom production. Initially, we need pasteurization of straw, husks or their mixtures and the preparation itself. It can be done as follows:

• Our mixture or separate material is poured for 20 minutes with warm water, temperature not exceeding + 25 ° С. All this time, the mixture can be stirred, as if rinsing it;
• After that, it is necessary to drain the dirty water from the pasteurization container, squeeze out the mixture and fill it with hot water, at + 70 + 80 ° C, set the pressure on top for 5-7 hours, and then simply drain the water and squeeze out the straw with husks;
• Now, in order to increase the nutritional value of the substrate, and hence the fruit formation in it, we need to add additional components. We choose 0.5% superphosphate, 0.5% urea, 2% gypsum and 2% ground limestone;
• During the addition of additives, their moisture should be kept at 75% so that the additives are not simply washed out with water. Also, additives can be pasteurized separately and only then added to the substrate.

Cooking bags for the production of oyster mushrooms

To grow high-quality mushrooms, we need to plant them not only in a high-quality substrate and withstand agricultural techniques, but also prepare the right container for oyster mushrooms, that is, bags.

There is nothing complicated here, and you can use any plastic bags to grow oyster mushrooms in the country. For example, bags 40x60 cm or bags 50x100 cm. Further, we will need to make holes through which the mycelium will "feed" us the fruits. Holes in oyster mushroom bags are made every 15-20 cm from each other, in a chaotic manner. We need holes 1.5-2 cm in diameter.

Place the substrate in bags and populate the mycelium

The finished substrate is poured into a bag. The first layer is 15 cm, then a layer of mycelium, the next layer is 15-20 cm, and again a layer of mycelium. This should be done until the bag is 2/3 full. The main thing is to lay the substrate and mycelium evenly, and spend about 5% of the mycelium from the total weight of the bag on each bag. Note also that the average moisture content of husked straw should be 75%.

After filling the bags, they are tied and transferred to the prepared room, where they are placed on top of each other in rows of 2-3 bags, or simply hung.

Growing oyster mushrooms, caring for mushrooms

The temperature of the germination room should be strictly regulated and remain at a level of about + 22 + 24 ° С, the temperature of the substrate in the bags should not exceed + 28 ° С. It is also necessary to monitor the humidity in the room - 90-95%. Interestingly, no lighting is required for germination and "complete infection" of the substrate with the fungus.

After the substrate is overgrown with mycelium, the bags are transferred to the second room - the growing room, where fruiting will take place.

The bags are placed over the area and on top of each other, but not tightly so that you can pass between them, and there is also good ventilation. For example, you can install 3-4 bags for each square meter of the room. But there is another way that will save space, or rather, make it more useful. To do this, you will need to install special stakes - bases for bags with a substrate, on which you can put on several bags at once. Also, the bags can be simply hung from the ceiling.

Oyster mushroom fruiting

Fruiting of oyster mushrooms occurs only with strict adherence to agricultural technology. It is necessary to maintain the temperature at + 12 + 18 ° С, humidity at 90-95%. Soon, the so-called mushroom plugs should appear in the holes of the bags - oyster mushroom embryos, which will form the fruiting bodies of mushrooms in the future.

The required humidity should be maintained at all times. This can be done using special installations, or independently, from standard sprayers, or you can install several containers filled with water in the room.

If you irrigate indoor air, you must avoid getting water on the bags and the formation of even small puddles on the floor.

Now we also need lighting, which should work for exactly half a day. Do not worry, there will be no serious electricity costs, since only 100-180 suites are enough, approximately, as in cloudy weather. Standard fluorescent lamps can be used to illuminate the growing room.

Do not forget that the oyster mushroom prefers ventilated rooms with fresh air, which means that we need high-quality ventilation. To comply with the requirements, you will have to provide the growing room with special equipment (if the cultivation is large-scale and for business), or with ordinary fans, if the room is small. It will be enough to open windows and doors, and turn on the fans 5-7 times a day.

Remember, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room should not exceed 1%. In addition, be very careful about your own health, because fungal spores during fruiting can cause a cough and even a serious allergic reaction. Take care of yourself and use special protection - masks, respirators.

Oyster mushrooms - a simple and profitable business (video)

How is oyster mushroom harvesting?

The oyster mushroom stretches closer to the holes that we made, but the mushrooms do not always fall exactly into them. Therefore, it is necessary to help the mushrooms get out - cut holes in the bags, making them a little larger. Once the mushrooms have made their way out, it takes about 6-8 days for them to grow to cut.

Mushrooms should be cut carefully, leaving no particles of oyster mushrooms on the bags. You can use mushrooms right away, and if you need to store them, you will need to use special containers or plastic wrap.

After cutting the mushrooms, the next crop will appear in two weeks, and the next in another two. Let's put it simply - there are three harvest waves, which make up the total harvest in the corresponding percentage - 70%, 20%, 10%.

The value of the substrate in terms of the weight of the finished product is approximately the following - from 10 kg of substrate for the entire rotation, about 3 kg of oyster mushrooms are obtained.

Growing oyster mushrooms in the garden

Growing mushrooms in the basement is always interesting, but today we want to present you another way so that you can easily grow oyster mushrooms on stumps or logs. What is good, when using this method, you will not need special equipment for growing oyster mushrooms. Also, it will not be necessary to use the technology of growing oyster mushrooms very strictly, because oyster mushrooms grow in the country and so it is very good.

• First of all, we prepare the basis for growing - logs and pieces of willow, linden, poplar wood.
• Next, we moisten the wood well and make holes or furrows in it.
• We fill in the furrows and specially made pits with mycelium and cover with tree bark.
• After that, we put logs and pieces of wood into furrows in the ground, into which we first pour sawdust or leaves, and cover with foil.
• We do not let the soil dry out under the logs, we water these soil areas systematically.
• We get tasty and fresh mushrooms in a couple of months, and then, and over the next few years.

As you can see, such a simple method gives us the opportunity to grow oyster mushrooms in the country with our own hands.

The advantages of growing oyster mushrooms at their summer cottage

• It is possible not only to grow in the warm season, but also to grow oyster mushrooms in winter, in basements, cellars or other specially equipped rooms.
• Low start-up costs, stable harvest.
• Always fresh and environmentally friendly product.
• A stable increase in the yield at will, and, accordingly, the gradual transfer of a hobby into a business.

How to grow oyster mushrooms on stumps (video)

Oyster mushrooms, growing and care, forcing and harvesting technologies - now these phrases will not scare you, but only delight you with the memories that you managed to start such a pleasant event, as well as get an excellent mushroom harvest and bring it to a constant level ...

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