How to grow tomatoes from seeds at home?

Tomatoes are a favorite vegetable on our table with excellent taste and nutritional qualities. The variety of varieties allows it to be widely used both fresh and processed. Fruits of some varieties are preferred to be added to salads, while others - to pickles and marinades.

Growing tomato seedlings at home

To get a good harvest of tomatoes from your garden, you need to know and follow the rules for growing tomato seedlings. First, even in the fall, it is advisable to prepare a nutritious soil. Then you need to carefully select and prepare seeds, which should also be planted in the ground according to certain rules. And the seedlings must be properly monitored and looked after.

Seedlings of tomatoes

It is permissible to plant tomato seeds directly on the beds. And in order to get fresh tomatoes on the table as early as possible, you should use the seedling method of growing tomatoes.

Sowing and transferring seedlings

Depending on how you plan to grow tomatoes in a permanent place, you should select the sowing time.

1. Greenhouse seeds are planted from 15 February to 15 March.
2. Seedlings, the seeds of which were planted in the first two decades of March, are later planted on open beds, for which it is required to build a shelter for the first time.
3. For plants that are planned to be planted in open ground without any shelters, seeds are planted from March 15 to March 31.

Timing of planting tomato seeds for seedlings

In other words, if the seedlings are intended for further cultivation before harvesting from the greenhouse, then the sowing of the seeds should be done approximately one and a half to two months before transplanting. If the seedlings are supposed to be transferred to open ground, then it is advisable to sow the seeds within a period of two to two and a half months from the planned date of planting.

Important! In climatic zones where there is a likelihood of late frosts in the spring, it is better to wait with planting seedlings until the risk of this negative factor is minimal.

Growing seedlings of tomatoes (tomatoes)

Step-by-step instructions for growing tomato seedlings at home

Table. How to grow tomato seedlings at home.

Step 1. Preparing the soil	Prepare the soil and fill the seed boxes with it.
Step 2. Seed preparation	Immerse the seeds in a 5% salt solution for 10 minutes. Then, after rinsing thoroughly, leave in water until it swells. Alternatively, you can simply soak the seeds in water.To do this, they must be wrapped in a damp cotton rag or napkin and placed in a shallow plate. Cover the top with something to prevent moisture evaporation and keep it in a warm room for 24 hours.
Step 3. Planting seeds	One of the methods. Sow seeds in grooves, the distance between which is about 5 cm. Pre-moisten the soil with a slightly warm solution in which the seeds were kept. The sowing depth should be 1 cm, and the distance between the seeds should be no more than 2 cm. Do not water after planting. The top can be covered with foil to speed up the seed germination process.
Step 4. Pick	Transfer the sprouts to separate pots.
Step 5. Lighting arrangement	Tomatoes need a lot of light. After the first shoots appear, special lamps should be installed above them.
Step 6. Watering and hardening	Tomato seedlings are watered in the morning. The water temperature should be + 28 ° C. In sunny weather, you need to do this every day. It is preferable to use soft water such as thawed water. If there is no sun, watering is done when the soil dries up. Seedlings need to start hardening two weeks before transferring them to the beds.
Step 7. Top dressing	To obtain a rich harvest, it is advisable to feed the seedlings with fertilizers. Top dressing is done during watering.

Pickling tomato seedlings

Soil preparation. Planting seeds

Some points of our step-by-step instructions need explanation. Let's consider them in more detail.

Soil for tomato seedlings

It is best to use soil prepared in the fall for tomato seedlings. Vermicompost, sand and other additives are mixed into the soil, including peat, sod land and humus. The proportions of the constituent parts are selected depending on the incoming ingredients. Tomatoes love soil that absorbs moisture well, allows air to pass through, is not acidic and is quite nutritious.

Advice! We recommend preparing a mixture of 50% turf, 40% humus and 10% peat.

Sifting the earth through a sieve for tomato seedlings

If the seeds are supposed to be sown in boxes, then in the future it is necessary to dive. In this case, the seed boxes are filled with soil by two-thirds. Before actually sowing, it is recommended to moisten the seed pits. Nutrients can be added to the water.

Planting tomato seedlings

"Zircon"

It is advisable to grow tomato seedlings at home without further diving. The fact is that during the picking, the roots of plants are damaged. It takes about 7 days for tomatoes to settle down in a new place and restore the root system. Therefore, the fruits from such plants can be obtained a week later.

Tomato seedlings in separate paper cups

If you do not plan to grow tomatoes on an industrial scale, then sowing seeds is best done immediately in separate plastic or peat pots. In this case, when transferred to open ground or a greenhouse, the plants will immediately begin to grow and develop rapidly.

Sowing early tomatoes should be done only in cups or pots with a volume of at least 500 ml.

You can grow tomato seedlings at home using special seedling boxes if you plan to plant them in a greenhouse in the future. Then you can do without picking or sowing directly into pots. Seedlings grown in a similar way are transferred directly to the greenhouse.

Growing tomato seedlings

Sowing rules

1. Sowing in boxes is carried out with an interval of 5 cm between seeds. It is also necessary to make indents of 10 cm between the rows. Such measures are needed in order to avoid thinning the seedlings.
2. It is advisable to deepen the seeds by no more than 1.5 cm. Otherwise, you can get rare and weakened seedlings.
3. After sowing, the container must be covered with a film, after moistening the air under it with a spray bottle. Keep in a dark, warm room until sprouts appear. Seedlings can begin to appear after 3 days.When sowing in open ground or a greenhouse, it takes longer to wait for seedlings.

   Covering seedlings with foil

4. When the sprouts appear, the film must be removed and the boxes with the seedlings should be placed in the light. For example, on a well-lit windowsill.
5. After the cotyledon leaves open, it is necessary to reject not good enough sprouts, as well as those that have not gotten rid of the seed box.

   First tomato sprouts from seed

How to care for seedlings

In the first two weeks after sowing the seeds, the night temperature in the room where the boxes are installed should not exceed + 15 ° C. During the day, it should be no more than + 20 ° C.

Care of tomato seedlings

After two weeks, hardening is carried out, in which the temperature is maintained at no more than + 10 ° C at night, and no more than + 15 ° C during the day.

The air in the room should be humidified to 65%.

When the plants have two true leaves, it is recommended to thin out the seedlings. For further growth, it is required to maintain strong plants with a thick stem and bright leaves, removing all weak seedlings 5 ​​centimeters in diameter from them.

Seedlings in a box after the third thinning

A pick is made when the third true leaf begins to appear in the seedlings. To support the root system, which will inevitably suffer during this procedure, the plants are watered the night before with a solution of water and superphosphate at the rate of 2 granules per 1 sprout. When diving, the soil is taken the same that was used for sowing.

Pickling tomato seedlings

If you are late with the dive, then the yield indicators will decrease by about a quarter. When diving directly into the greenhouse, it is necessary to maintain an interval between plants of about 10 cm.

How to care for seedlings

Young seedlings require daily morning watering, as well as strict adherence to the permissible temperature regime. The room in which it will grow must be regularly ventilated to prevent disease.

At this time, the plants will develop very intensively, so the seedlings require additional lighting. With a lack of light, it can stretch. We recommend purchasing phytolamps for the organization of illumination. When using them, it must be borne in mind that seedlings should not be illuminated for more than 12 hours a day. If the seedlings are grown without additional lighting, the flow of natural light can be increased. To do this, the container with plants is installed at an angle to the window, the reverse side of which is covered with a light reflecting canvas. For these purposes, a mirror or a layer of foil may be suitable.

Illumination of tomato seedlings

Tomato seedlings under fluorescent lights

Advice! When the plants have 5 leaves, split off the first 2. In this case, the seedlings will grow more slowly upward.

When the daytime temperature reaches + 14 ° C and above outside the window, it is recommended to start taking the seedlings out into the fresh air. This is done so that she gets used to the sun. At first, leave it in the shade for half an hour, gradually increasing the time interval.

Seedlings of tomatoes on the loggia

In the morning, when watering, it is recommended to feed tomato seedlings. This significantly increases its quality and the volume of future harvests. Fertilize as follows.

1. The first feeding is carried out 10 days after the dive. For fertilization, a solution of 5 g of ammonium nitrate, 10 g of potassium sulfate, mixed with 15 g of superphosphate and diluted in 5 liters of water is taken. Watering with a lukewarm solution.
2. 7 days before transferring seedlings to open ground, they should be fed again. For seedlings of good quality with bright green leaves, a solution of 20 g of superphosphate and 12 g of potassium sulfate per 5 liters of water is prepared for fertilization.

Top dressing of seedlings

If there is a lack of nutrients, the seedlings will look bad. Their greens will be pale, and a purple tint may be noticeable on the stems.

In these circumstances, seedlings should be fed differently:

• for fertilization for the first time, you need to take 250 g of dung or cow dung, mix with 35 g of ash and dissolve in 5 liters of water;
• do the second feeding with the same solution;
• for the third, keep 500 g of droppings in 2 liters of water for 24 hours, then add 50 g of ash to the mixture. The proportion is based on 1 bush.

Why do tomatoes crack in a greenhouse

Large and aromatic tomatoes grown in our own greenhouse are a good source of vitamins and minerals for the home table, as well as an opportunity to earn additional income. However, quite often the appearance of a tomato is spoiled by deep cracks. Read more here.

Planting tomato seedlings in greenhouse soil

Video - Growing tomato seedlings at home

How to grow strong tomato seedlings with your own hands

Tomatoes are from South America, so when growing tomato seedlings at home, you need relatively dry air, a lot of light and heat.

The correct choice of variety

Before you start growing tomato seedlings, you need to decide on the choice of varieties. Before planting seeds, you need to decide which varieties will be grown and where. It is fundamentally important to know whether tomatoes will grow outdoors or in a greenhouse. According to the method of growth, all varieties are divided into indeterminate, semi-determinant and determinant. This characteristic is indicated on the seed bag and is decisive for growing plants in open or protected ground.

1. Indeterminate tomatoes have unlimited growth and, if not pinched, can grow up to several meters. In the south, they can be grown in a greenhouse or outdoors on a trellis, or tied to high stakes. In the middle lane, Siberia, the Far East, these tomatoes are grown only in greenhouses, tying them vertically. Their first brush is laid after 9-10 leaves, the next ones - after 3 leaves. The fruiting period is long, but comes later than in other types.
2. Semi-determinant varieties and hybrids... Tomatoes stop growing after 9-12 inflorescences are laid. They tend to set a large number of fruits to the detriment of roots and leaves, and, when overloaded with crops, tomatoes may stop growing long before the formation of the 9th cluster. Flower brushes are laid through 2 leaves. In the south, they are grown mainly in open ground, in the middle lane, they can be planted both in a greenhouse and on the street.
3. Determinant tomatoes Are undersized plants. They are intended for planting in open ground. Their growth is limited, they lay 3-6 brushes, the top of the shoot ends with a flower brush and the bush does not grow upwards anymore. The first brush in this type is laid after 6-7 leaves. These are early ripening tomatoes, but their yield is lower than that of the indeterminate type. However, significant differences in the yield of varieties are noticeable only in the south. In the middle lane and to the north, the difference is minimal, since the indents do not have time to reveal their full potential.

Should I choose a hybrid or a variety?

Variety Are plants that are capable of retaining their characteristics for many generations when grown from seeds.

Hybrid Are plants obtained by special pollination. They retain their traits only in one generation; when grown from seeds, their traits are lost. Any plant hybrids are designated F1.

Sign	Varieties	Hybrids
Heredity	Varietal characteristics are passed on to subsequent generations	Traits are not transmitted and are a feature of one generation per growing season
Germination	75-85%	Excellent (95-100%)
Fruit size	Fruits are larger than those of hybrids, but can vary significantly in weight	Fruits are smaller, but aligned
Yield	May fluctuate from year to year	High yields with proper care. Usually higher than varieties
Disease resistance	Susceptible to various diseases, some of which can be inherited	More resistant, less affected by diseases
Weather	Better tolerate temperature changes	Temperature fluctuations tolerate much worse varieties. With sudden and strong changes in temperature, they may die
Conditions of detention	Less demanding on soil fertility and temperature	Requires more fertile soil and higher temperatures for fruiting
Top dressing	Needed regularly	For good fruiting, the dose should be higher than for varieties
Watering	Can tolerate short-term drought or waterlogging well	Very poorly tolerate both lack and excess of moisture
Taste	Each variety has its own flavor.	Less pronounced. To taste, all hybrids are inferior to varieties.

The cooler the summer in the region, the more difficult it is to grow hybrids. In these regions, varieties should be preferred. Also, if in the future there is a desire to grow a crop from their own seeds, then they make a choice in favor of the variety.

If the goal is to get the maximum amount of products, and the weather conditions in the region allow, then it is preferable to grow hybrids.

Dates of sowing seeds for seedlings

The timing of sowing seeds for seedlings depends on the early maturity. First of all, the timing of planting tomatoes in the ground is determined and the required number of days is counted from this date - the time for sowing seeds is obtained.

For mid-season varieties, the age of tomato seedlings before planting in the ground should be at least 65-75 days. You can plant them in a greenhouse at the end of May, and in open ground, when the threat of frost has passed, that is, in the first decade of June (for the middle lane). If we also add the period from sowing to germination (7-10 days), then sowing must be 70-80 days before planting in the ground. In the middle lane, the sowing period for mid-season varieties is the first decade of March. However, it is unprofitable to grow mid-season varieties in the northern and central regions: they will not have time to fully reveal their potential, and the harvest will be small. Mid-season and late tomatoes are suitable only for the southern regions of the country.

Seedlings of early ripe tomatoes are planted in the ground at the age of 60-65 days. Therefore, the seeds are sown after March 20. They are suitable for all regions of the country.

It is not necessary to sow tomatoes too early for seedlings. They are strongly stretched and weakened during early sowing in conditions of a lack of light. In poor light during the seedling period, flower clusters are laid later, and the yield becomes lower.

If the soil in the greenhouse has warmed up, then early-ripening tomatoes for greenhouses can be sown directly into the greenhouse in early May and grown without picking. When grown without seedlings, tomatoes begin to bear fruit 1-2 weeks earlier than seedlings.

Soil for growing tomato seedlings

For growing tomato seedlings, it is better to prepare the soil yourself. The soil should be loose, nutritious, water and air permeable, should not be crusty and compacted after watering, be free of pathogens, pests and weed seeds.

For seedlings, a mixture of peat and sand is made up in a ratio of 1: 0.5. For each bucket of land obtained, it is advisable to add a liter can of ash. Peat is acidic and tomatoes need a neutral environment to grow well. Ash just neutralizes excess acidity.

Another option for an earthen mixture is sod land, humus, sand in a ratio of 1: 2: 3, instead of sand, you can take high-moor peat.

After special processing, the garden soil can also be used for growing tomato seedlings, the main thing is that it does not contain the spores of diseases and wintering pests. But, since it is too compacted in containers, sand or peat is added to loosen it. They take land from under the plantings of legumes, melons, greens, siderates. Do not use the soil from greenhouses, after nightshades. If the earth is acidic in the country, then ash must be added (1 liter / bucket). Garden soil is best used for preparing soil mixtures.

Purchased soils contain a lot of fertilizers, which is not always good for seedlings.If there are no other options, then the store land is diluted with sand, garden or turf soil. Peat is not added to the purchased soil, since it itself, most often, consists only of peat. It is better to prepare the soil mixture in the fall.

If the moment is missed, and there is no place to take the soil, then you will have to buy several types of soil from different manufacturers and mix them in equal proportions, or add soil from flower pots to the purchased land. But this is the worst option when growing seedlings.

Soil treatment

After preparing the mixture, the land is compulsorily cultivated to destroy pests, diseases, and weed seeds. The soil can be processed using various methods:

• freezing;
• steaming;
• by calcining;
• disinfection.

Freezing... The finished soil is taken out into frost for several days, so that it freezes. Then they bring it into the house and let it thaw. The procedure is repeated several times. It is desirable that the outside frost be at least -8 -10 ° C at this time.

Steaming... The earth is heated for an hour in a boiling water bath. If the soil is purchased, then the sealed bag is placed in a bucket of hot water, covered with a lid and kept until the water cools.

Calcination... The earth is calcined in an oven preheated to 100 ° C for 40-50 minutes.

Disinfection... The earth is watered with a strong solution of potassium permanganate dissolved in hot water. Then cover with foil and leave for 2-3 days.

Preparing tomato seeds for sowing

If the bag says that the seeds are processed, then they do not need additional processing. The rest of the seed must be processed.

First of all, calibration is carried out. The seeds are dipped in a glass of water and wait 3-5 minutes until they get wet. Then the floating seeds are thrown away, they are unsuitable for sowing, since the embryo died, therefore they became lighter than water. The rest are soaked for 2 hours in a solution of potassium permanganate.

For processing, the seeds can be soaked in water heated to 53 ° C for 20 minutes. This temperature kills disease spores, but does not affect the embryo. Then the hot water is drained, the seeds are slightly dried and sown immediately.

For early germination, the seed is soaked. It is wrapped in a cotton cloth or paper towel, moistened with water, placed in a plastic bag and placed on a battery. You also need to soak the processed seeds. As practice shows, they sprout faster than without soaking, and the protective effect from processing remains quite high.

Many process planting material with growth stimulants. But in this case, all seeds sprout together, including weak ones. In the future, a large percentage of rejection of weak plants is obtained. Therefore, it is better to treat bad seeds with stimulants (with an expiring expiration date, overdried, etc.), just soak the rest in water.

Sowing seeds

When the seeds hatch, sowing is done. You should not wait for the sprout to be larger; when tightening with sowing, long sprouts break off.

Tomatoes are sown in shallow boxes, filling them with soil by 3/4. The ground is slightly crushed. Seeds are laid out at a distance of 2 cm from each other. Sprinkle with dry earth on top. If the soil is not crushed or the crops are covered with moist soil, the seeds will go deep into the soil and will not germinate.

You can sow 2 seeds in separate containers, if both sprout, then they are planted when picking.

Varietal tomatoes and hybrids are sown in different containers, since they have different germination conditions.

The boxes are covered with foil or glass and placed on the battery until germination.

Seed germination timing

The timing of the emergence of seedlings depends on the temperature.

• Seeds of varieties germinate at a temperature of 24-26 ° С after 6-8 days
• At 20-23 ° C - after 7-10 days
• At 28-30 ° C - in 4-5 days.
• They can rise even at 18 ° C in 8-12 days.
• The optimum germination temperature for varietal tomatoes is 22-25 ° C.

The germination of hybrids is much better, but often they do not germinate well at home.For good germination, they need a temperature of + 28-30 ° C. + 24 ° С - it is COLD for them, they will germinate for a long time and not all will ascend.

Weak seeds emerge later than others; they usually have a seed coat on them. Therefore, seedlings that appeared later than 5 days after the main group are removed, they will not have a good harvest.

Tomato seedling care

To grow good tomato seedlings, it is imperative to maintain the following parameters:

• temperature;
• light;
• moisture.

Temperature... As soon as shoots appear, the film is removed and the boxes are placed in a bright and cool place with a temperature of + 14-16 ° C. In the first 10-14 days, the seedlings grow roots, and the aerial part practically does not develop. This is a peculiarity of tomatoes and you don't need to do anything here. After the allotted time, the seedlings will begin to grow. As soon as growth begins, the daytime temperature is increased to 20 ° С, and the nighttime temperature is maintained at the same level (15-17 ° С).

After germination, hybrids need a higher temperature (+ 18-19 °). If they are placed in the same conditions as varietal tomatoes, they will wither and not grow. After 2 weeks, they also need to increase the daytime temperature to 20-22 ° C. If this is not possible, the hybrids will develop more slowly, the first flower cluster will appear later and the yield will be lower.

In general, for growing hybrids, you need to take the warmest windowsill, take care of them better than the rest of the seedlings, only then they will give a full harvest.

On warm days, the seedlings are taken out onto the balcony, and at night the vents are opened to reduce the temperature. Whoever has the opportunity, on sunny days, tomatoes are put in a greenhouse if the temperature there is not lower than + 15-17 ° C. Such temperatures harden the plants well, make them stronger, and, in the future, their yield is higher.

Lighting... Tomato seedlings must be highlighted, especially the late varieties that are sown earlier. The lighting period should be at least 14 hours a day. With a lack of light, the seedlings are strongly stretched, become long and fragile. In cloudy weather, the supplementary illumination of the plants is increased by 1-2 hours compared to sunny days, and the temperature is reduced to 13-14 ° C, otherwise the tomatoes are strongly stretched.

Watering. Water the tomatoes very sparingly. Watering is carried out as the soil dries up and only with settled water. Unsteady tap water forms a bacterial-calcareous coating on the soil, which tomatoes do not like very much. At the initial stage, each plant needs only 1 teaspoon of water, as it grows, watering is increased.

The soil in the seedling box should be neither too wet nor too dry. It is necessary to water abundantly so that the soil is sufficiently saturated with moisture, and the next watering is carried out only after the earthen coma dries up. Usually tomatoes are watered no more than 1 time a week, but here they are guided by individual growing conditions. If the plants have wilted, then they need to be watered without waiting for a week to pass.

Waterlogging, combined with high temperature and poor light, causes a strong pulling of tomatoes.

Seedling picking

When 2-3 true leaves appear in tomato seedlings, a pick is carried out.

For picking, prepare pots with a volume of at least 1 liter, fill them with 3/4 of earth, watered and compacted. They make a deepening, dig out the seedling with a teaspoon and plant it in a pot. When picking, tomatoes are planted a little deeper than they grew earlier, sprinkling the stem with earth until the cotyledon leaves. Strongly elongated seedlings are covered up to the first true leaves. Seedlings are held by the leaves, if you hold it by a thin stalk, it will break.

Tomatoes tolerate picking well. If the sucking roots are damaged, they quickly recover and grow thicker. The roots must not be allowed to bend upwards, otherwise the seedlings will develop poorly.

After the pick, the ground is well watered, and the tomatoes themselves are shaded for 1-2 days so that the evaporation of water by the leaves is less intense.

How to feed tomato seedlings

Top dressing is carried out 5-7 days after the pick. Previously, top dressing is not recommended, since the soil was filled with ash, which contains all the necessary elements for seed growth. If the seedlings are grown on a purchased soil mixture, then feeding is all the more unnecessary.

After 14-16 days from germination, tomatoes begin to actively grow leaves, and at this time they need to be fed. Top dressing should contain not only nitrogen, but also phosphorus and trace elements, so it is advisable to use a universal fertilizer. During this period, you can feed tomatoes with fertilizer for indoor plants. It gives excellent results.

You cannot feed tomato seedlings with nitrogen alone. First, it is difficult to calculate the required dose for relatively small plants. Secondly, nitrogen causes increased growth, which, with a limited volume of land and in conditions of a lack of light, leads to a strong stretching and thinning of plants.

Subsequent feeding is carried out in 12-14 days. Seedlings of late and mid-season varieties are fed 3-4 times before planting in the ground. Early maturing varieties are enough 1, maximum two dressings. For hybrids, the number of dressings is increased by 2 for each type of seedling.

If the land is purchased, then it is sufficiently filled with fertilizers and feeding when growing tomatoes on such soils is not carried out. The exception is hybrids. They consume nutrients more intensively and before planting it is necessary to carry out 1-2 dressings, in whatever soil they are grown.

Growing seedlings after picking

After picking, the seedlings are placed on the windowsills as freely as possible. If she is cramped, then she develops poorly. In densely spaced seedlings, the illumination decreases and it stretches.

2 weeks before planting tomatoes, they are hardened. For this, the seedlings are taken out on the balcony or in the open air even on cold days (the temperature is not lower than 11-12 ° C). At night, the temperature is lowered to 13-15 ° C. For hardening hybrids, the temperature should be 2-3 ° C higher, it is gradually lowered.

For tempering, pots with hybrids are first placed close to the glass itself, where the temperature is always lower. After a few days, if the batteries are regulated, they are closed for a few hours; if not regulated, then they open a balcony or a window. At the final stage of hardening, the seedlings of the hybrids are taken out to the balcony for the whole day.

If tomato seedlings cannot be taken out onto the balcony, then they are daily sprayed with cold water to harden them.

The main reasons for failure

1. Seedlings of tomatoes are strongly stretched. There are several reasons: not enough light, early planting, excess nitrogen fertilizers.
   1. Seedlings are always pulled out when there is a lack of light. It needs to be supplemented. If this is not possible, then a mirror or foil is placed behind the seedlings, then the illumination of the tomatoes greatly increases, and they stretch less.
   2. There is no need to feed the tomatoes with nitrogen, this causes the rapid growth of tops, and in conditions of insufficient illumination (and there is always not enough light in the room, no matter how you light up the seedlings), they stretch out strongly.
   3. Sowing seeds too early. Even normally developing seedlings are stretched out with early sowing. After 60-70 days, the plants become cramped in pots and containers, they need to develop further, and in conditions of limited feeding area and cramped space on the windowsill, they have one way out - to grow up.
   4. All these factors, both individually and together, cause the seedlings to stretch. Tomatoes stretch even more if excessive watering and a high temperature of the seedlings are added.
2. Seeds do not germinate. If the seed is of good quality, then there are no shoots due to the low temperature of the soil. This is especially important for hybrids. They germinate at a temperature of 28-30 ° C. Therefore, to accelerate the emergence of seedlings, containers with sown tomatoes are placed on a battery.
3. Tomatoes do not grow well. They are too cold. For varietal tomatoes for normal growth, a temperature of 18-20 ° is required, for hybrids - 22-23 ° C.Hybrids can grow at 20 ° C, but more slowly, and, accordingly, later enter fruiting.
4. Yellowing of the leaves.
   1. Usually the leaves of tomatoes grown in crowded areas turn yellow. When the seedlings are large, they do not have enough light on a cramped windowsill, and the plants shed excess leaves. In such conditions, all attention is paid to the top of the stem, the bushes are trying to outgrow their competitors in order to have more comfortable conditions. When the leaves turn yellow, the seedlings are arranged more freely and the air temperature is reduced.
   2. If the leaves are small, turn yellow, and the veins remain green or slightly reddish, this is a lack of nitrogen. Top dressing is given with full mineral fertilizer. You don't need to feed with nitrogen alone, otherwise the tomatoes will stretch out.
   3. Limiting the area of ​​food. Tomatoes are already cramped in the container, the roots have braided the entire earthen ball and further growth stops. Transplant the seedlings into a larger pot.
5. Curly leaves... Sharp and significant changes in temperature. When growing tomato seedlings, a sharp increase in air temperature must be avoided. The seedling feeding area is limited and the roots cannot support all leaves in hot weather. The same thing happens with a sharp cold snap, but this is much less common at home.
6. Blackleg. Frequent disease of tomato seedlings. It affects all types of plants. The disease spreads rapidly and in a short time can destroy all seedlings. The stalk at the soil level turns black, becomes thinner, dries up, the plant falls and dies. Infected plants are removed immediately. The soil is watered with a pink solution of potassium permanganate, Fitosporin, Alirin. After that, the tomatoes do not need to be watered for a week, the soil should dry out.

Growing seedlings at home is a troublesome business, but otherwise it will not be possible to harvest a good harvest, especially in the northern regions and the middle lane.

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Healthy tomato seedlings are a guarantee of a bountiful tomato harvest. The mistakes that beginner gardeners make at the stage of sowing seeds and growing seedlings will certainly affect the fruiting of an adult plant. There can be no trifles in this matter! Let's try to figure out all the stages of growing tomato seedlings, starting with determining the timing of sowing and ending with planting bushes in open ground (in boxes - if growing on a balcony).

When to sow tomatoes for seedlings?

Roughly, tomato seeds should be sown 55-65 days before planting seedlings in open ground or a greenhouse. Seeds sprout pretty quickly - 5-10 days after sowing. Therefore, the average period of keeping seedlings on the windowsill (from the emergence of seedlings) is 45-60 days.

It is important to correctly determine the timing so as not to overexpose the seedlings on the windowsill. This is fraught with inhibition of the growth of an adult bush and a decrease in yield.

Average tomato sowing time:

• in the southern regions of Russia and in Ukraine - from February 20 to March 15 (disembarkation in the OG - from April 15 to May 20);
• in the central regions of Russia - from March 15 to April 1 (disembarkation in the OG - from May 10 to early June);
• in the northern regions (Siberia, Urals) - from April 1 to 15 (landing in the OG - from May 25 to June 15).

To accurately answer the question of when to plant tomato seedlings, you need to know about the end date of spring frosts in your area. Counting from this period 55-65 days ago, you can accurately determine the date of the desired landing.

If you plan to plant tomato seedlings not in open ground, but in a greenhouse or on a glazed balcony, then sowing work can be started 2-3 weeks earlier.

Growing conditions for tomato seedlings

When growing tomato seedlings on a windowsill, create conditions for seedlings with:

• a lot of light - it is desirable that the windows face south, not shaded by trees (if there is a lack of natural lighting, artificial lighting with lamps is required);
• high humidity - spray tomato seedlings 1-2 times a day, use a humidifier, etc.;
• warm - during the day, the optimal temperature for tomato seedlings is 18-25 ° C, at night - 12-15 ° C.

Tomato seedlings: growing at home

Step 1. Preparatory work

Preparatory work may include:

• disinfection of seeds;
• preparation and disinfection of the soil.

Packaged seeds of well-known manufacturers do not need additional pre-sowing treatment. They have already passed the required disinfection at the enterprise. It is quite another matter if the tomato seeds used were collected with their own hands or bought by weight on the market. Such material can be infected with pathogens of various bacterial, viral and fungal diseases.

To eradicate the infection, use one of the following disinfecting solutions:

• 1% solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per 100 ml of water). Wrap the seeds in gauze and soak in this solution for 15-20 minutes. It is not recommended to keep it longer - seed germination decreases. After processing, rinse the seeds with water.
• 0.5% soda solution (0.5 g per 100 ml of water). Soak tomato seeds in it for 24 hours. In addition to disinfection, soda solution promotes earlier fruiting.
• Aloe juice solution (1: 1). Ready-made aloe juice can be purchased at a pharmacy or squeezed out of the leaves yourself (they are previously kept in the refrigerator for 5-6 days). Soak the seeds in aloe juice diluted in water for 12-24 hours. Tomatoes from seeds that have undergone such treatment are distinguished by increased immunity, improved yield and fruit quality.
• Fitosporin solution. When using liquid Fitosporin (in a bottle), prepare the solution as follows: dilute 1 drop of liquid in 100 ml of water. Prepare a solution of Fitosporin powder at the rate of 0.5 tsp. per 100 ml of water. Soak the seeds in the solution for 1-2 hours.

The soil can also be contaminated, especially if it is dug up from the garden. Safer soil bought packaged in flower shops. But even here unpleasant "surprises" can occur, so the best way to protect yourself (and seedlings!) From surprises is to cultivate the soil with your own hands.

The most popular ways to disinfect seedling soil:

• calcining in the oven (10-15 minutes at 180-200 ° C);
• warming up in the microwave (1-2 minutes at a power of 850);
• disinfection with boiling water (put soil in a pot with drainage holes and spill it in small portions of boiling water);
• disinfection with potassium permanganate (spill the soil with a strong solution of potassium permanganate).

Disinfection of tomato seeds in potassium permanganate

All these methods can be combined with each other to obtain the most sterile and safe soil for seedlings.

You should not start planting tomatoes for seedlings immediately after preparing the soil! Moisten it and keep it at a positive temperature for 10-12 days. During this time, bacteria beneficial to plants will begin to multiply in the sterile soil. Only then can sowing begin.

Step 2. Sowing tomatoes for seedlings

Fill the container (cassettes, peat pots, plastic cups, cottage cheese boxes, shallow boxes) with prepared moist soil and make grooves about 1 cm deep in it.The step between the grooves is 3-4 cm. Place the seeds in them at a distance of 1-2 see more. The less often the seeds are sown, the longer it will be possible to keep the seedlings in seedlings without planting them. Sprinkle the grooves with soil.

Tomato seeds are sown into the ground to a depth of 1 cm

You can make it even easier: place the seeds on the prepared soil and cover them with a centimeter layer of soil.

Cover the top with foil or glass to provide a constant microclimate for the seedlings with a humidity of about 80-90%.In order for the seeds to germinate, the temperature of their content should be 25-30 ° C. Therefore, place the seedling boxes near a radiator or other heat source.

Check soil moisture every day. When dry, spray generously with a spray bottle. In case of excessive moisture, open the film (glass) and wait until it dries. Sometimes, high humidity leads to the formation of mold on the soil surface. Then carefully remove the upper infected layer and spill the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate or an antifungal drug (Fundazole, Fitosporin).

The first seedlings of tomatoes appear in 3-4 days at a temperature of the above-ground air layer of 25-28 ° C, at 20-25 ° C - in 5-6 days, at 10-12 ° C - in 12-15 or more days after sowing.

Cotyledonous leaves of tomato seedlings emerging from the ground

More details about when to sow tomatoes for seedlings, how to choose tomato seeds and sow them correctly in the ground, is shown in the video:

Step 3. Care of tomato seedlings

Lighting

Growing tomato seedlings is impossible without good lighting! Therefore, after the emergence of seedlings, put the seedlings on the lightest windowsill. In February and early March, the light for the seedlings in any case will not be enough, therefore, if possible, use additional lighting with fluorescent lamps.

There is a version (author - Tugarova T.Yu.) that the best development of tomato seedlings can be achieved if the seedlings are illuminated around the clock for the first 2-3 days after germination. After that, you can switch to the usual supplementary lighting mode - 16 hours a day (the total duration of daylight hours).

Tomato seedlings under fluorescent lights

Humidity and watering

Young seedlings should be kept in high, almost extreme humidity; drying is unacceptable. Therefore, do not rush to immediately remove the film (glass) from the seed containers. Open it a little bit every day so that the seedlings get used to the fresh air, but at the same time remain in the "greenhouse". After 1-2 weeks, the shelter can be completely removed.

Tomato seedlings growing under the film at home may not need watering for a long time. Look at the condition of the soil: do not breed the swamp, but, at the same time, do not let the top layer dry out (while the roots of the sprouts are still small and are in the upper layer of the soil, so drying it will mean drying out the roots). Water the tomato seedlings carefully, under the stem. In order not to damage the sprouts, you can use a syringe (without a needle) or a pipette.

After removing the film, the frequency of watering tomato seedlings should be proportional to the amount of heat and light. With an increase in temperature and lengthening daylight hours, tomatoes begin to get under way and quickly "drink" moisture from the ground. Accordingly, the soil dries out faster, watering is required more often.

It is important not to dry young tomatoes. Often inexperienced gardeners are faced with such a nuisance: in the evening, coming home from work, they notice their seedlings completely wilted, although in the morning they still looked quite normal. It is necessary to check the seedlings in the morning, when there is still no hot sun. If you notice that the sprouts are a little sluggish, water them immediately. Otherwise, at noon, the rays of the sun can dry out the still weak young seedlings.

Bays can also be dangerous. It's bad that poured and dried tomato seedlings may look the same: the stems lose their turgor, the leaves wither. When you see such symptoms, pay attention to the soil. If it is wet, in no case add water - ruin the seedlings. Place the seedling container in a place protected from direct sunlight, do not water until the earth dries. In the future, adjust the amount of watering.

Cold windowsills combined with moist soil are especially destructive for young tomato sprouts. Therefore, watering in the evening (in February-April) is not recommended. At night, the temperature can drop significantly, the sprouts will freeze and begin to hurt.

Fresh air

As soon as a warm, windless day comes out, take the seedlings out into the fresh air: on the balcony, outside, or just open a window. Even in March, on a sunny day, the temperature on an open balcony can reach 15-20 ° C! If such a day coincided with the emergence of seedlings - great luck! Take out the sprouts to bask in the sun. The fact is that tomato sprouts on the first day after germination are protected from UV rays, which prevents them from burning. Such sprouts from infancy will be heat-resistant, hardened and can be “walked” in the sun on a regular basis.

If you did not have time to take out the seedlings in the sun on the first day, then it is no longer possible to do this in 1-2 days - the innate hardening has disappeared. In this case, you will have to gradually accustom the sprouts to the sun. The first day is enough 5 minutes. Then every day you can increase the duration of the walks by another 5 minutes.

Tomato seedlings, which were exhibited every day on an open sunny balcony (in the courtyard), by the time they are planted for permanent residence, quickly catch up in growth with those seedlings that were sown a month earlier, but were kept on the windowsill behind the glass and without illumination.

Top dressing

Tomato seedlings need feeding 2-3 weeks after the first shoots. In the future, fertilizers will have to be applied every week. It is best to use natural organic fertilizers such as manure or grass. Of the purchased ones, specialized fertilizers based on guano, humic fertilizers, vermicompost, etc. are good. Use half the dose indicated for the particular fertilizer to feed seedlings.

Step 3. Pick (transplant into large cups, pots)

The first true leaves of tomato sprouts appear on the 7-10th day. At this age, if the seeds were sown too heap in one container, you can pick the seedlings into separate cups. Despite the fact that tomatoes tolerate transplanting well, this must be done carefully. Transplant sprouts with a lump of soil on the roots. Some gardeners advise pinching the central root of tomato seedlings when picking. However, we do not recommend doing this - in any case, even with the most careful transplantation, the roots are still damaged. There is no need to additionally injure the plant. Moreover, it can be harmful: pinching up to 1/3 of the root will delay the development of seedlings for 1 week.

When picking tomato seedlings, a lump of earth on the roots should be preserved

The first transplant is carried out in small 200 ml cups.

After 2-3 weeks, the seedlings can be dived a second time - into larger pots. If the seeds were originally sown in individual containers (cups, cassettes), then this transplant will be the first. At the same time, it is not recommended to use pots less than 0.5-1 l. Professional gardeners prefer even larger volumes - 3-5 liters for each plant. But, you see, not every window sill can withstand such seedling plantations, especially in a city apartment. And this is not necessary: ​​1 liter of soil for 1 plant is enough for the eyes!

Picking tomato sprouts into peat pots

You can learn how to grow tomato sprouts and dive seedlings by watching the video:

Step 4. Preparing for planting for permanent residence (in the greenhouse, on the balcony, in the exhaust gas)

At the age of 1.5 months, tomato seedlings at home expel the first flower brushes. As soon as you notice them, know that after 10-15 days, the seedlings need to be planted for permanent residence - in a greenhouse, on a balcony or in an exhaust gas. It is impossible to delay the transplant, otherwise it will lead to a decrease in the yield.

If you decide to keep tomato seedlings on the windowsill for more than 45-60 days, then it should be provided with at least 1 liter of soil per 1 plant. If you overexpose tomatoes in relatively small containers, even 10 days longer than it should, and let them bloom, then they will stop their vegetative growth and will forever remain "undergrowth". Even in exhaust gas, they will no longer be able to accelerate and will never turn into full-fledged plants. Accordingly, you will not have to wait for a full-fledged harvest from them either!

This problem can be partially solved by removing the first flower brush. The next brush will appear only after a week, that is, it will be possible to postpone the planting of seedlings for permanent residence for a week.

A good tomato seedling before planting should have thick stems, large leaves, a strong root system and developed buds.

Characteristics of a healthy tomato seedling: powerful bush, large succulent leaves, thick stems, developed root system

Step 5. Planting tomato seedlings in the ground

The distance between the tomatoes in the greenhouse or the exhaust gas should be 30-40 cm. If you decide to grow garden plantations on the balcony, then 4-12 liters of land should be allocated for each tomato bush. 4-5 liters will be enough for undersized "balcony" varieties: "Balcony miracle", "Dwarf", "Hummingbird", etc. Large garden varieties suitable for OG ("Sasha", "Sunrise", etc.) are grown in containers of 10-12 liters.

For tomatoes, good fertile garden soil (black soil), mixed with peat soil "Universal" or "For vegetables" in a ratio of 1: 1.

Planting tomato seedlings for permanent residence is best timed to coincide with a cool, calm and cloudy day. Plant the seedlings by burying the center stem a couple of centimeters deep. After a few days, additional roots will begin to form along the buried stem. Overall, the root system will become stronger and stronger.

After planting, water the tomato seedlings with warm water and wait for the harvest!

Planting tomato seedlings in a balcony box for permanent residence

And, finally, in order to better understand the intricacies of growing tomato seedlings and transplanting them to permanent residence in open ground, a greenhouse or onto a balcony, we suggest watching a short video posted below:

Method 1 How To Find The Best Tomatoes

1. Gather information about the area in which you will be growing tomatoes.

   Tomatoes, like any other plant species, require certain conditions to grow well and produce tasty fruits. Some types of tomatoes only grow in certain places on earth. Find out online which types of tomatoes grow best in your area. Maybe you will find some unique hybrids that you have never heard of or thought you could plant and that do well in your climate and soil types.

2. Select the variety you want.

   There are many different varieties of tomatoes, each with a different color, size, and flavor. Tomatoes can range in size from a grape to a tennis ball, or any color other than blue. When choosing seeds to plant, you should consider how easy your tomatoes will cook, how they taste, how they grow, etc.

   • Depending on how they grow, tomatoes are divided into two types: determinate and indeterminate (or short and tall). Determinant tomatoes bear fruit faster, but do so within a short period of time. Indeterminate tomato stems are vine-like and bear fruit longer.
   • The classic tomato variety is the "Bull Heart" variety, which is eaten whole or cut into slices for sandwiches. Tomato varieties "Roma" are used in cooking, they are canned and sauces are prepared from them. Cherry is a small cherry-sized tomato that is often used in salads.
   • The flavor of tomatoes can be influenced by their color. For lovers of the classic taste, large red tomatoes are suitable. Purple or brown tomatoes have a very rich, full-bodied flavor, while yellow and orange tomatoes will be sweeter. Green tomatoes are great for pickling.
3. 

   Choose seeds. Tomatoes can be grown from dried and packaged seeds, fresh seeds that you got from a tomato, or seedlings that you can buy at specialty stores. Growing tomatoes from seeds takes more effort, but it can bring you a sense of moral satisfaction. The easiest way to grow tomatoes is to use seedlings.

4. When to plant.

   Planting tomatoes should be done at a specific time of the year.Since tomatoes are sun-loving plants, they grow best in late spring and summer. Plant tomatoes at least two weeks after the last frost, or when the temperature at night stops dropping below 10 degrees Celsius and the daytime temperature does not exceed 30 degrees.

   • If you are planting seeds indoors, then plan to do so 6-8 weeks before the expected date of transplanting seedlings into the ground.
   • You can buy a special thermometer that can measure the temperature of the soil in the garden. 10 degrees Celsius would be ideal for landing, weather conditions permitting.
   • You can find out when is the best time to plant tomatoes in gardening magazines or on the internet.

Method 2 How to dry seeds from fresh fruits

1. Choose the right tomato.

   Tomato seeds will produce offspring that are nearly identical to the parent. If you find any tasty or juicy tomato, cut it open and remove the seeds.

   • Make sure the tomato is healthy; a sick tomato can give birth to appropriate offspring.
   • Wait until the tomato is fully ripe before slicing it open to remove the seeds.
2. 

   Cut the tomato in half. Take a sharp knife and cut your chosen tomato in half through the core. Do this on a cutting board or bowl so you can easily collect the seeds later.

3. 

   Remove the seeds. Take a spoon and remove the seeds along with the juice and pulp. Place it all in a small bowl or cup.

4. 

   Add water. Before drying, the juice and pulp with seeds must go through a fermentation process. Add a few tablespoons of water to the bowl of seeds and pulp and cover with plastic wrap. Make several holes in the foil for air circulation.

5. 

   Place the bowl in the sun. Now the pulp juice needs some time to ferment. Place the bowl in a place full of sunlight, such as a windowsill, and leave it for two to three days.

6. 

   Rinse the seeds. After a couple of days, you will notice that the juice and pulp have formed a foam on the surface of the bowl, while the seeds have sunk to the bottom. Remove the foam with a spoon, and rinse the seeds with warm water in a strainer. Make sure the seeds are completely washed.

7. 

   Dry the seeds. After you rinse the seeds, shake them several times in a strainer to remove excess water. Then pour them onto a tray covered with coffee filter paper or wax paper. Store the tray somewhere safe at room temperature. Use your fingers to touch the seeds once a day to prevent them from sticking to each other or to the paper.

8. Check the seeds.

   When the seeds are completely dry and do not stick to each other, then they can be used for planting. If the seeds are still wet, they will mold and deteriorate.

9. Sterilize the seeds.

   Sterilization will kill mold and bacteria and help your tomatoes grow and bear fruit better when you plant them in your garden. Soak the seeds for 15 minutes in a mixture of 1 tablespoon of apple cider vinegar and 1 liter of water.

   • You can also do this with store-packed seeds.
10. 

    Dry the seeds again. Repeat the drying process by spreading the seeds out on a tray and leaving them in a warm place for a few days. Make sure that they dry well and do not stick to the paper and to each other.

11. How to store seeds.

    After the seeds are dry, place them in a paper envelope. Do not store them in a plastic bag or container, as bacteria and mold can build up in them.

Method 3 Growing seeds indoors

1. 

   Prepare seedling trays. Buy seedling trays from a gardening store and fill them with sterile soil. You can buy special seedling soil.

2. Plant the seeds.

   Make grooves in the soil where you will plant the seeds. Each seed should be about 5 cm apart. Sprinkle a little earth over the seeds and sprinkle them with water.

   • If you are planting several varieties of tomatoes, plant each variety in a separate groove, which should be marked accordingly. Once the seeds begin to sprout, it will be very difficult for you to tell one cultivar from another.
3. 

   Keep seeds warm. Seeds need light and warmth. Place the trays on a windowsill, or use a fluorescent lamp a few centimeters above the seeds. They need at least 6-8 hours of light a day to germinate.

4. 

   Watch the seeds. Water the trays daily and make sure the seeds are getting the right amount of light and heat. The air temperature in the room should not fall below 20 degrees. When the seeds germinate and have true leaves, they are ready to be transplanted into a separate container. Cotyledon leaves appear in about a week, but true leaves will begin to form about a month after germination.

5. 

   Remove the seedlings from the tray. You will need to transplant each seedling into its own container so that it can grow better. Gently pull the seedlings out of the tray with your fingers, digging in the soil with a fork.

6. 

   Transplant seedlings. Place each seedling in its own container (one liter). Tomatoes will continue to require heat, light, and water.

7. 

   Temper the plants. After about two months, your seedlings should reach maturity and begin to look like small, fully formed plants. Before you transplant tomatoes into your garden, they need to get used to the outdoor weather. Start by leaving the seedlings outside for 2-3 hours, and then take them back indoors. Continue doing this, increasing the time, until the seedlings are outdoors throughout the day.

8. Prepare your seedlings for planting.

   When your seedlings are hardened, prepare them for gardening. Saplings that are more than 15 cm tall should be pruned. Also use a pair of garden shears to remove any lower leaves. If the seedlings are less than 15 cm, then they will already be ready for planting and will not require any preparation.

Method 4 Plant seedlings

1. 

   Select a site. It is very important to find the right area for the tomato, where they will be given access to the sun's rays for at least 6-8 hours a day. Plant the seedlings in well-draining soil, as excess water will weaken the plants and impair the taste of their fruit.

2. Prepare the soil.

   Create the best growth conditions for your seedlings. Check the acidity of the soil to determine if it needs any additives. Tomatoes prefer an acidity of 6-6.8 pH. Add compost and fertilizer to the soil. Use a shovel to break up large lumps. The soil should be well dug and loose to a depth of 15-20 cm.

   • Add compost to the soil in advance and, if necessary, change the level of its acidity. Do this a few months before planting. During this time, all the substances necessary for plants will dissolve in the soil.
3. 

   Dig holes. Plant the seedlings at a convenient distance from each other. If your seedlings will be propped up with pegs, then dig holes every 60-90 cm. If you want the seedlings to grow more in breadth, then, accordingly, increase the distance to 120 cm. Dig a hole up to 20 cm deep so that the roots fit in it and the lower part of the stem.

4. 

   Add more nutrients to the soil. Sprinkle a tablespoon of Epsom salts in the bottom of each hole, which contains magnesium, which helps plants grow healthy. You can also put some compost in the hole.

5. 

   Plant the tomatoes in the ground. Gently shake the seedling out of the container and transplant it into the hole. Cover the seedling with earth and crush it with your hands. You can bury the seedling up to the lower shoots.

6. 

   Place the cages over the seedlings. If you are planning to install cages for tomatoes, then you can install them at the moment. Make cages with wire or rebar. Do not tie the seedlings to a cage or peg until flowers appear on it.

7. Water the tomatoes.

   To keep your plants healthy, water them every day. Just don't overdo it, or the fruit will taste watery. If you don't have time for daily watering, then try installing sprinklers or drip irrigation systems.

8. Watch your plants.

   As your tomatoes grow, keep an eye on their health by pruning and removing fruits regularly. Cut off any excess shoots and branches that are constantly in the shade with the pruning shears.

9. 

   Collect tomatoes. Tomatoes can be picked as soon as they appear on the branches. The fruits can be picked green and allowed to ripen indoors in the sun, for example, if you expect bad weather or your harvest is too large. Eat tomatoes fresh, roll them up, or freeze them whole for the winter.

Tips

• Tomato seedlings are very easy to grow, but keep in mind that the seedlings are very fragile, so be careful not to break the stem of the plant or tear off the leaves. Otherwise, it may die.
• Plant 20% more seeds than the number of seedlings you plan to plant in your garden. You will have a better chance of picking the healthiest plants and picking the tastiest tomatoes.

Article Information

Categories: Gardens and vegetable gardens

In other languages:

English: Plant Tomatoes from Seed, Deutsch: Tomaten aus Samen ziehen, Français: semer des graines de tomates, 中文: 用 种子 种植 番茄, Italiano: Piantare dei Pomodori Usando i Semi, Português: Plantar Tomates da Semente, Español: sembrar semillas de tomate, Bahasa Indonesia: Menanam Tomat Dari Biji, Čeština: Jak pěstovat rajčata ze semen, Nederlands: Tomaten planten uit zaad, العربية: زراعة الطماطم من البذور, हिन्दीà tका Vi

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