How to plow with a cultivator?

Plowing a plot

It is not difficult to figure out how to plow with a walk-behind tractor with a plow. To do this, you need to roll out the device to the place of plowing the land and along the first row, where loosening will take place, pull the cord, which you can orient yourself on, - the plow pulls to the right, and it is quite difficult to make the first row even without aids.

The handle of the equipment should be turned to the left to walk on a piece of land that has not yet been plowed. Before starting the main plowing, it is necessary to perform a control plowing of the soil - a passage to the opposite end of the site at low speed.

This is necessary in order to check whether the plow is correctly adjusted and whether the furrow is deep enough (it should be 15–20 cm). Place the right lug in the tilled furrow, engage first gear, tilt the device to the right and start moving.

Having completed the first control pass, we turn the device 180 ° so that the right wheel of the walk-behind tractor is in the opposite direction to the already plowed row, and we move in the opposite direction. After the second pass, we estimate the depth of the furrow. If the depth is insufficient or the furrow is too deep, the plow must be readjusted.

When plowing a plot, make sure that the right lug does not go beyond the furrow and that the plow's post is perpendicular to the ground. The crest of each subsequent furrow should not be far from the previous one (the distance between the crests is up to 10 cm).

It is also important to make sure that the furrow does not overlap the previous furrow with a heap of soil. To do this, the right wheel must move in the middle.

If you figure out how to properly plow a plow on a walk-behind tractor, adjust it accurately, then the device should move smoothly, without jerking and pulling to the side.

Over time, when you are sure that the furrows are level, the speed can be increased so that the surface of the ground is even and the plowing itself goes faster.

It is necessary to plow the soil with a walk-behind tractor slowly, you cannot push the device. If the engine overheats, which often happens, plowing must be stopped for a while.

Did you know? The fertile layer (humus) cannot be restored. As a result of plowing, the oxygen level in the deep layers of the soil rises, which makes the humus mineralized. This is the reason why plowed soils give high yields in the first years. However, it is the process of mineralization of the fertile layer that leads to a decrease in its amount, which can have bad consequences for humanity.

Thus, we found out that it is better to use medium and heavy walk-behind tractors for hanging the plow and plowing the land with it. The plow is attached to the mini-tractor by means of couplings, after which it must be adjusted (depth, handle, level of the plowing plane). Correct adjustment is the key to effective plowing. When plowing a site, you need to monitor the depth of the furrows, the engine temperature, the position of the wheels of the walk-behind tractor.

What attachments does the walk-behind tractor work with?

Any experienced farmer knows that with the help of a walk-behind tractor, cultivator or other motorized equipment, it is possible to mechanize almost all agricultural work, from cultivating the land to prepare it for sowing and ending with the transportation of the harvested crop. The motor units have become universal due to the possibility of using a variety of attachments. So, for example, for the cultivation of arable land and the cultivation of virgin lands, not only moldboard and other plows were created, but also:

• harrows;
• hillers;
• rotary tillers;
• flat cutters, weeding cutters.

Harrows are used to plow virgin soil, as well as for pre-sowing or post-harvest loosening of arable soil to a depth of 7-14 cm. By harrowing with a walk-behind tractor, a cultivator level the surface, cover moisture, and destroy weeds. The working bodies of such agricultural implements are metal teeth or spherical discs. In this video, you can clearly see how to plow correctly with a walk-behind tractor and a homemade harrow.

With the help of a hiller, potatoes are hilled, cut furrows for sowing seeds, backfilled planting material, as well as weeds directly in the row zone. Hilling devices are single-row and double-row, with a fixed and adjustable working width, distinguishable both by design and by their efficiency. Here is a video on how the Neva MB2 walk-behind tractor performs processing with a mounted two-row hiller-weeding machine.

A rotary tiller can plow virgin soil, carry out pre-sowing and main cultivation of plowed land. This agricultural tool allows you to mill, cultivate the land and prepare it for sowing with high quality. It is capable of not only plowing the soil, but also crumbling large layers, mixing with fertilizer, crushing stubble particles, leveling the sown area. Rotary tillers for plowing are of different types, depending on the number of cutting elements. This video shows how to actually plow with a walk-behind tractor with a milling cutter installed on it.

The weeding cutter helps to cut weeds, split and cut grooves without turning the layer, plow and crush the soil. Flat cutters come with all kinds of working widths and working depths, which allows you to choose them for specific conditions for processing agricultural plots and crops. How to carry out processing with a hinged flat cutter in practice is well demonstrated by this video using the example of the Dnipro walk-behind tractor.

In addition to the listed removable tools, created in order to plow virgin soil and cultivate arable land, rakes, wood splitters, seeders, shredders, cultivators, rotary and segment mowers, shovels, dumps, sprayers, sweeping brushes, snow blowers, etc. are used with the motor unit. Having in stock the main set of mounted agricultural implements, you can use a walk-behind tractor or a powerful cultivator to perform all kinds of economic tasks, in particular, pre-sowing plowing, sowing and planting crops, fertilizing, inter-row cultivation, harvesting root crops, seasonal harvesting of green fodder.

Motoblock for plowing the land

Experienced farmers are well aware of the importance of high-quality cultivation of the land before planting, as well as in the fall. The yield largely depends on this.

If earlier you had to spend whole days on such work, now you can use a walk-behind tractor, which will cope with the task in an hour. If you choose a high-quality and productive device, you can process in two hours the area that would have been spent a whole day with manual plowing.

When choosing an assistant for working on a farm, many are wondering whether it is possible to cultivate the land with a Neva walk-behind tractor or another model, or whether the cultivator is better. In fact, there are no significant differences between these types of technology. Many farmers use both one and the second name to refer to conventional walk-behind tractors.

Correct plowing of the land with a walk-behind tractor

Before plowing, wheels are hung with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a width of 18-20 cm

It is important to respect these parameters, if the wheels are too narrow, there is a possibility that the tool will wind from side to side. An insufficient diameter will create a small distance between the soil and the gearbox

Solid rims are more likely to collect dirt in the lug ribs.

You will need a partner to attach the equipment. It will help to raise the equipment and put it on stands, at the recommended height of 15-20 cm. The edge of the share must touch the ground. The plow tine is positioned vertically and the beam is positioned horizontally. The right edge is aligned with the inner edge of the right wheel. This provides an even undercut of the ground, easy roll-off and smooth running of the walk-behind tractor. Before carrying out operations, you should check the manufacturer's instructions.

Soil preparation

A cord is pulled along the ground, which serves as a guide for further movement. It is usually installed in the first row. These rules help inexperienced plowmen to maintain a reference point, as the plow leads to the side. On the second row, the cord is removed. As a rule, a person who has already been engaged in such types of work has no problems maintaining the required distances and makes all the rows even.

Work with a land plot

After preliminary preparation, plowing begins. For less unnecessary movement, the walk-behind tractor goes along the larger side. This allows fewer turns, which saves both the worker's energy and the time spent redefining the direction of the block. Handle swivels to the left for ease of movement on unplowed ground

It is important to keep the block moving at a moderate pace to prevent the motor from heating up. In case of overheating, operation is suspended until the unit cools down

It is also not recommended to push the plow.

Each field is unique and has a different soil hardness. The normal quality of the soil is looseness, in which the ground is easily pierced with a metal stick to a depth of 50 cm. Solid ground hinders the movement of the plowing machine and negatively affects the serviceability and further performance of the tool. In this case, the soil is moistened with ordinary water or special solutions, and the plot is traversed twice. The first is preparatory and the second is used for plowing to full depth. In some cases, you should consolidate the result and walk a third time.

Advantages and disadvantages of mechanical plowing of the site

It is quite understandable that during the operation of technical devices, time and effort are significantly saved, therefore the level of productivity of workers in the agronomic industry rises literally several times. It is also quite pleasing that along with plowing the garden with a walk-behind tractor, other useful procedures can be carried out, such as loosening the soil or adding nutrients and fertilizers to the soil. Another advantage of using technological development is the uniformity of the land cultivation, the improvement of the soil condition and its saturation with oxygen. In the process of cultivation, a decrease in the number of weeds and harmful insects is noted, because during plowing, pests are "thrown" to the surface, where they become prey for birds.
As evidenced by the results of numerous studies, after cultivating the land with a walk-behind tractor, the soil shows the highest yields. With all this, there are some not very pleasant features associated with this procedure. We are talking about the contraindication of plowing an area with weeds and those that have a deep root system. Constant cultivation is also a kind of stress for the soil, so it is necessary to periodically "feed" it with fertilizers and other things.

Recommendations

In order for the work with the walk-behind tractor to be easy, and the tillage effective, it is necessary to follow a number of simple recommendations.

• Plots of up to 6 acres are best cultivated with cultivators. But if it is decided to use a walk-behind tractor, then instead of a plow, saber or claw cutters should be installed.
• It is recommended to use a mounted plow when plowing fields with an area of ​​more than 1 hectare.However, the edges of areas and areas with complex geometries are also best handled with milling cutters.
• In the process of work, it is necessary to carefully monitor the state of equipment and prevent oil from leaking from the transmission. Otherwise, harmful liquid will get into the treated soil and cause its partial contamination.

• When plowing virgin lands, as well as when processing stony and clay soils, it is necessary to use weighting agents. Otherwise, there is a great risk that the walk-behind tractor will start jumping on virgin soil and deep plowing will require great effort.
• When using cutters, it is recommended to equip their ends with protective discs. This will reduce the likelihood of cultivating adjacent lands and will allow plowing strictly along the boundaries of the site.
• To reduce the load on hearing, you must use special headphones or earplugs, and to partially neutralize the vibration, you should wear gloves. In addition, when plowing, it is necessary to move from the leeward side, which will minimize the harmful effects of exhaust gases. If you have to plow in a large greenhouse, then you should ensure good ventilation of the room. To do this, it is necessary to open all windows and doors, and periodically turn off the engine and ventilate the greenhouse.

• Refueling the fuel tank, as well as changing the engine oil, must only be carried out with the engine stopped. In this case, it is advisable to pass the fuel through a funnel with a special filter.
• It is strictly forbidden to operate the walk-behind tractor near an open fire and wipe it with a cloth soaked in gasoline.

Plowing a plot with a walk-behind tractor helps to significantly facilitate the process of soil cultivation, improves the general condition of the soil, increases productivity and significantly reduces the time of work.

For plowing the land with a walk-behind tractor, see the video below.

2 Plowing a plot with a walk-behind tractor

There are two ways to plow your garden.

1. Plowing land. They begin to work from the center of the site. On the opposite side, the walk-behind tractor is turned around, the right wheel is put in the furrow and goes back. This produces a large comb. So they move on, plowing the whole garden. The advantages of this method are that if there is still a little snow in the garden, it falls into the furrows and does not melt longer, filling the ground with moisture.
2. Waddle plowing. Start moving from the right edge of the plot. At the end of the row, the apparatus is distilled to the other edge and plowed again. And so they continue the whole plowing, row by row. With this method, the plow turns the soil over and covers it with fertilizer.

In the spring, it is recommended to cultivate the garden with cutters, crushing large pieces of land and manure, which in turn will increase the yield.

Motoblock Mole is very popular among summer residents and gardeners, because it greatly facilitates work. Its device is simple, and the quality of land cultivation when using it increases significantly

However, for such a result, it is important to learn how to use the technique correctly on your site.

2.1 Starting the walk-behind tractor

Before starting work, turn on the clutch, selecting "neutral" on the gearbox, start the engine, which should warm up. The second is considered the optimal speed for processing the soil of average quality.

Plowing the land with a walk-behind tractor

During the plowing process, the number of revolutions can vary. It is adjusted when the plowing depth changes or when changing to a different soil type.

2.2 Plowing the site

How to plow properly? To perform the main work, install the equipment on the edges of the field. Place the steering wheel parallel to the ground.

Bury the walk-behind tractor a little into the ground by pressing down. Move straight, holding the handles. You should not press hard on the steering wheel, just like pushing a running walk-behind tractor. The main task is to hold the steering wheel correctly so that the device does not sink deep into the soil or, on the contrary, does not rise up. Having made the first furrow, check its depth from the bottom to the ridge, which should vary from 15 to 18 cm.

If the device stops moving, and the cutters are buried in the ground, then it should be taken by the handles and brought to a level position. Side deviations may occur, especially on cultivated furrows. On loose, cultivated land, make sure that the cutters do not sink deeply, but on solid soil they make several approaches, making the first processing at low speeds.

2.4 Recommendations

The tiller should be selected depending on the size of the site. They are divided into three types:

1. A motor-cultivator or a light walk-behind tractor. Weighs up to 50 kg. Power - 3-5 horsepower. Designed for cultivating land up to 6 acres using a cutter or cultivator.
2. Medium walk-behind tractor. Weight - up to 100 kg. Power - up to 12 horsepower. Plows up to 120 acres with a light plow.
3. Heavy walk-behind tractor. Power - up to 30 horsepower. It can be used to process an area of ​​up to 2 hectares. Works with a mounted plow.

The most important work of a gardener in spring or autumn is plowing a garden plot. Many people on the farm already have their own walk-behind tractor for these purposes, which greatly facilitates work. Newbies may have difficulty working with this technique. How to plow with a walk-behind tractor, how to adjust the plow in order to plow the garden accurately and correctly. Answers to these questions will allow you to carry out the required work with high quality.

How to properly plow with a cultivator?

Regardless of which cultivator you choose, plowing the land must be done according to certain rules. Suppose a Carver cultivator is used for work, first the owner runs the equipment in, inspects all the parts and checks their performance. Only then does he start plowing itself.

Before starting work, you need:

• Prepare the soil, remove stones and large branches.
• Install the plowing attachment.
• Inspect the attachment of the cultivator and set the height of its handle.

You need to plow with a motor-cultivator in closed shoes and pants, your feet should be kept at a certain distance from the equipment. Do not use the forward and reverse handles at the same time, one of them should be released.

Plowing the land with a motor-cultivator should take place on slightly damp soil and provides for the observance of some recommendations.

• A rectangular garden is processed "in a circle".
• A square area is plowed in a "zigzag" manner.
• You can plow in patches to avoid hitting plants or trees.
• Depending on the type of soil and the complexity of the work on it, the speed and depth of plowing varies.
• On the ground with small stones, work at minimum speed.
• If the area is narrowing, you can reduce the strip width by removing the outer cutters.
• During plowing of the beds, at the end of each of them, free areas are left, which you can go to in order to go to the aisle.

The technique does not need to be pushed hard in front of you, it is enough to set it in the right direction. If the cultivator stops slightly, you can shake it to continue driving. Do not follow the machine, trampling the plowed soil. Just unfold the handle and walk alongside.

Cultivating the land with a cultivator provides for smooth and easy work on the site. If the equipment is buried in the ground, it is necessary to swap the cutters or adjust the position of the wheels.

After all the work, the metal parts of the cultivator are wiped with a rag, the cutters are washed and wiped dry.

You can also watch a video on how to properly till the soil.

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When should you plow the land?

Mini tractor plows a vegetable garden

I will not torment anyone, any experienced gardener or agronomist will tell you when to plow the land. They plow it once or twice a year. In the first case, in autumn, in the second case, in autumn and spring.

But the most important process is autumn plowing. It is worth focusing on it.

Let's say in my family it used to happen like this: in the fall they removed the garden and that's it.Spring has come and plowing begins. It is imperative to be in time before the potatoes. But in my gut I felt something. Firstly, the weeds just overpowered, every year the grass rushing and rushing, rushing and rushing. That's terrible.

Secondly, the yield is simply not so hot. You start to be interested in your friends and neighbors. Yeah, their harvest is not very good now - and I don't have it at all. And when they have a good harvest, then I have, but not that.

Then I went to help my parents. There they offered me both fertilizers. As a result, I began to find out who plows how, and here it is. Everyone plows in the fall, and I only plow in the spring. So I learned it by bitter experience. Let's figure it out further.

There are many, really many myths on the Internet that you don't need to plow a vegetable garden in the fall. I will not list all the reasons. I’ll just tell you one truth, according to which it is imperative to plow the land in the fall.

The fact is that we are preparing the land in the fall for the new gardening season. The earth is saturated with oxygen and many weeds die off. In addition, beneficial bacteria are restored by spring, which is beneficial for soil fertility.

I think that the most useful thing for many is getting rid of weeds. Of course, you will not get rid of 100%, but there will be a lot less of them. This is an incentive.

If the main plowing is carried out in the fall, then most often, garden crops begin to hurt. Or they are attacked by various parasites that would surely suffer during the autumn plowing.

And of course, if you have "virgin soil", you have never planted anything, then you definitely need to plow well in the fall, and then also in the spring, you can also fertilize it with organic fertilizers. If you grow wheat or other non-root crops, then you do not need to plow in the spring.

Read also: When and how to properly store potatoes.