Do-it-yourself parquet sanding

Beginning of work

The theater starts with a hanger, and self-polishing of the floor begins with checking the base. This is especially true when it comes to older floors. Yes, wood is a versatile natural material that has been used in construction almost from the very beginning of construction itself.

At the same time, it tends to swell with high humidity, say in spring and autumn, and shrink when it is low, respectively, in winter and summer.

Therefore, over the years, the wooden floor deforms and can even rot. This means that before starting work, it is necessary to identify and eliminate defects in the wooden floor. First, tap all the floorboards with a hammer. If the sound is dull, then the board is rotten inside. Although outwardly she may not show it. The rusty nail heads used to nest the floorboards also indicate an internal decay process.

But replacing some of the floorboards is not that difficult. After all, a lag replacement may also be required. In a wooden house, it is necessary to check beams and embedded crowns. To do this, use a long-pointed awl. Poke the entire length of the beam. If you find a rotten area, it is 100% worth replacing, and ideally replacing the entire beam.

In urban apartments, the logs are laid on a concrete base, and not on the ground, as in private houses. The apartment may require repair of this very concrete base, since cracks may be found there. If so, then they need to be eliminated. In the event that everything is completely bad with the old concrete screed, you may have to fill in a new one.

Professional resurfacing

Choosing the services of professional craftsmen, you can not worry about the quality of grinding. Specialists of the company "Master Srubov" use special grinding machines in their work, which allows them to perform work practically without dust and at a high level of quality. Depending on the condition of the floor, we select a tool and sandpaper of the desired grain size.

We carefully carry out every stage of sanding both new and old floors. After the work of our craftsmen, your flooring will be sanded to a perfect smoothness. To contact us, go to the "Contacts" page, where our coordinates are published.

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What is grinding for?

Any wooden floor is assembled from many elements. It is very difficult to achieve a perfectly flat surface when laying new parquet strips or large-format lamellas. The most common occurrence is drops, minor defects, scratches, areas with sapwood.

Almost the same set of problems is encountered with an old flooring that has been in operation for more than one year. To eliminate all these shortcomings, wood floor polishing is designed, the essence of which is wood polishing and preparation of its surface for varnish, oil, wax or any other decorative and protective agent.

Thus, the goals of grinding are:

1. Leveling the floor;
2. Elimination of surface defects;
3. Removal of old paintwork, dirt.

Renovation of an old wooden floor.

Sanding wood flooring correctly is not an easy task. For this, a number of hand tools or electrical units are used.But the secret to good work is to gradually reduce the grain size of the grinding attachment. That is, first of all, coarse processing with grain of 40-60 units is realized, then fine - 100-120, 140-180 units. Following this simple rule will allow you to achieve excellent results even in difficult cases. For example, if the wood flooring has multiple surface damages or differences between the planks of more than 3 mm.

You do not need to sand the floor in the following cases:

• The width of the gaps between the planks or lamellas is more than 0.7 cm. These are very large gaps that are difficult to rub with putty or sealant. As a rule, to eliminate such defects, it is recommended to bulkhead the floor with the simultaneous processing of each element, replace the damaged area, or seal the canvas with bars fitted to the size of the gap. The work, of course, is not cheap and time-consuming, but without such preliminary preparation, the floor cannot be sanded.

• The depth of abrasion of the most loaded areas (passages) is more than 4 mm. In this case, you will have to remove a solid layer from the rest of the floor. It should be borne in mind that the useful thickness of the wooden planks (depth from the surface to the ridge of the lock) is from 3 to 7 mm, so it is more expedient to replace the damaged area completely. The same applies to areas with deep scratches, cracks, dents, chips, grooves gnawed by woodworms, and other defects.
• Swelling of parquet or plank floors due to contact with water, moldy, rotten areas. The wood is loose, it will not be possible to grind it in any case. Therefore, such a coating must first be replaced, at least locally.

How to choose?

Choosing a floor sander is not easy. One of the most productive models is the belt one. These machines are characterized by high power parameters, reliability and durability. With the help of tape aggregates, you can easily remove a layer several millimeters thick, and the machine interacts well with a wide variety of aggregates. For finishing the floor, surface grinders are optimal - a rather large working surface is involved, there is the possibility of processing corners, so there are no missing areas and no additional manual grinding is required.

If you have decided on the type of machine, then expert advice will be useful to you when choosing a model.

For periodic home use, professional units are not needed. If you intend to work one-time or from time to time, then you should opt for hobby-class products. The best quality tools are considered to be tools from Bosch, Skil, Sparky, as well as Black & Decker, Interskol and Fiolent; products of Belarusian manufacturers are also in demand.
The weight of the installation also matters (especially if you choose a hand tool). With a small cultivated area, it is worth choosing even less powerful, but compact tools.

You should be comfortable with the installation.
Pay attention to the location of the switches, as well as to the technique for replacing out-of-service abrasives (it is advisable that the cord does not interfere with these manipulations).
It is better to test the machine in the store - turn it on and watch how it idles - this way you can estimate the amount of noise and vibration emanating from it.
Be sure to visually inspect the entire installation - the housing elements must be tightly fitted to each other, all retractable components must be free from backlash.
Check the cost and availability of consumables, as well as the specifics of service.

Parquet sander - prepare bail

Many construction companies rent out parquet grinding equipment in large cities.Not every day they have to do such work, and so that the equipment does not stand idle, it is rented out.

The Internet and a map of your city will help you in finding landlords. You can probably clarify all the details you are interested in by phone. Very often, shops that sell parquet flooring and building materials are also engaged in rental, which is even more convenient - at the same time buy from them the necessary materials for work, possibly with a good discount.

Prices for the rental of grinders are different, but by examining the offers, you can find out the average cost. So, for a drum grinder, on average, they ask about 800 rubles per day, while it will be necessary to leave from 8,000 to 16,000 rubles as a deposit. A surface grinder will cost you an average of 1,500 rubles per day, with a deposit of 7,000 to 40,000 rubles. The corner unit can be rented for 400-500 rubles, and a construction vacuum cleaner will cost you the same. The price depends on the manufacturer of the units and the level of their wear.

It will take you about 3,000 rubles to rent the necessary equipment per day, with a deposit of 40,000 rubles. When drawing up a lease, most companies require documents for identification. By the way, the contract should be signed without fail, having studied its terms. Many landlords are also demanding of registration.

Delivery of equipment is a point that you should also discuss with the landlord. Best of all, if you receive the necessary equipment on the doorstep of the house, in this case, you will be sure that the units arrived to you in good order, or you can make a claim on time. Be sure to check the serviceability of the equipment in the presence of a company representative, and also ask for detailed instructions on the use and replacement of consumables.

Parquet grinding technology, equipment used

The sequence of processes for grinding the floor covering is as follows:

Preparatory work. The room is freed from objects, furniture and the floor surface is viewed. It is advisable to tap each parquet floor: when the sound is dull, then it has come off and should be glued.

Sticking a die

For this, a thin hole is drilled and glue is pumped in with a syringe, the load is installed.

Instruments. For work you need: a parquet-sander scraper, a "jeweler" grinding machine to eliminate flaws on the surface, equipment for working in hard-to-reach areas - "Sapozhok", which is also used for scraping work.

• Materials: sandpaper, filler for filling gaps between dies, varnish for finishing, roller, brushes.
• A technology such as scraping parquet determines which machines are used in this process - this is a parquet-drum grinding machine with N 40 sandpaper over the main area of ​​the room, and along the walls it is necessary to use disc hand-held sanders. Scratches, notches are removed by the next grinding with abrasive N 60, 80. Putty is carried out after processing with sandpaper N 80. The mixture is filled in the cracks between the boards.
• Finishing sanding is carried out after complete hardening of the putty with a surface grinder. Movements are carried out along the dies, while using fine-grained sandpaper. After finishing the work, the surface is vacuumed with a powerful apparatus.

Varnishing

Varnishing is carried out with a roller or a wide brush at a temperature of 12-24 degrees. In the process of work, the subsequent smear should overlap the previous one, the protective layer is applied alternately in three layers. To fix the varnish, use a glossy gel.

Restoration of parquet flooring is a laborious process, in which you need to observe many technological nuances, to have special equipment (to rent). But if there is no experience in performing scraping, sanding wooden coatings, then it is better to invite professionals to work.

Grinding process:

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What parameters should be considered when choosing a floor grinder

All kinds of wood floor sander can be divided into household and professional. The first type of units is characterized by compact dimensions, low weight and affordable cost. The power of these devices reaches only 1 kW. Such units are rarely used. They are able to process a 15 cm wide space in one step.

Wood floor grinding machines are divided into household and professional

Professional wood floor sanding tools are large and heavy equipment. Such machines are capable of treating an area with a diameter of up to 60 cm in one go. The units are equipped with protection against engine overheating, equipped with attachments that can be replaced very quickly. Also, such mechanisms have various protector elements in the form of limiters, RCDs, speed switches, rotary ergonomic handles. The power consumption value for such machines is on average 2-2.5 kW.

Professional units have the ability to adjust the downforce of the abrasive. This allows you to ensure a uniform fit of the nozzle to the surface to be treated, which allows you to get a better result.

Professional units are powerful and large-sized equipment

Some models are equipped with additional functions, among which there may be a soft start option, the ability to adjust the engine speed, usually there is an adapter for attaching a dust collector or vacuum cleaner.

Related article:

Random orbital sander

An eccentric machine (ECM) works on the principle of combining vibration and rotation. We can say that a vibration and disc grinder are combined in one device. The result of this combination is an excellent surface finish combined with high productivity. EShM working platform - round disk ("plate").

Orbital sanders are considered versatile. They are suitable for both coarse sanding (scraping) and finishing polishing for large volumes of work.

The thickness of the removed layer of wood can be adjusted by applying more or less pressure on the platform. The performance can also be adjusted by changing the diameter of the vibration circle (eccentric stroke). The lower this indicator, the lower the productivity, but the better the processing quality. And vice versa. Therefore, for primary grinding, large vibration circles are installed on the machine, and for final (polishing) - small ones.

Modern ESM are characterized by an engine power of 200-900 watts. More powerful models are also more productive. They are capable of handling larger soles up to 150 mm in diameter.

The rotary movements of the adjustable grinder can be performed at a speed of 4000-14000 rpm. If there is no adjustment, then this figure is reduced to 12,000 rpm. In this case, the speed of oscillatory movements is approximately two times less. The higher the speed of the machine, the rougher the sanding can be, but the higher the productivity.

The size of the sanding pad is also very important for work. The most common grinders are available in 115 mm, 125 mm and 150 mm plate diameters. Usually, the name of the tool already contains a number indicating the size of the sole. Large “plates” are designed to handle large, flat areas and are therefore used on machines with high power and productivity. Sanding with a small “plate” machine will take longer, but it can accurately sand narrow and hard-to-reach areas.

Help in choosing can be provided by a video review, where several grinders from different manufacturers have passed the test "for professional suitability":

Views

The modern market offers several varieties of modifications of grinders, each of them has advantages and disadvantages. Drum models, as well as disk, vibration, belt and eccentric devices are in the greatest demand among consumers.

Drum CMM

The drum unit is needed for sanding wood parquet, it is a fairly large device equipped with a cylindrical shaft that serves as a working surface and an abrasive - it is used for sanding. Drum mechanisms are considered versatile, as they can perform both coarse and fine stripping. The device is powered by an electric motor. When the drum is started, the belt is quite firmly pressed against the surface to be treated and removes a layer from it to a predetermined depth, which depends on what degree of abrasive grain is attached to the grinding unit. In most cases, the tool will remove a layer of 1.5 mm in one pass. Dust bags are found in almost all cars except for the cheapest Chinese models (experts do not recommend purchasing them, since small particles, scattering, get into the nose, throat and eyes, which is fraught with the most unpleasant health consequences).

Disk

Disc grinders are used to handle the most difficult-to-reach areas. The work is based on a rotating disc or several discs - they are the support for attaching the abrasive material. The discs are flat and suitable for parquet and other wood flooring. Conventionally, disk machines are divided into two categories:

• surface grinding;
• corner.

Surface grinders are equipped with 2-3 wheels that move around a central axis and at the same time around their own. Thanks to this, the highest quality processing is ensured when rather large areas are sanded in one pass.

But in the corners and joints, processing will not be possible - for processing such areas it is worth paying attention on corner models... They have less significant dimensions than surface grinders, and are convenient for household use.

Tape

Belt tools operate by placing an abrasive on the base - it rotates between a pair of rollers. This option is suitable for large rooms, the devices are quite easy to maintain, since the center of gravity is usually shifted to the floor - this allows for the closest possible interaction between the tape and the base. The draw frame does not require any special efforts during operation, since the machine operates on its own weight.

Vibrating

This tool is suitable for delicate sanding, but can also be used for rough cleaning, therefore the device is considered universal. During surface treatment, abrasives with varying degrees of granularity are used, in addition, nets with special spraying and a polishing cloth are in demand. Velcro or clamps are used to attach them. CMM works in accordance with a reciprocating mechanism, characterized by high speed in conditions of limited amplitude, which can vary from 1.6 to 4.5 mm.

Eccentric

The main distinguishing feature of such a machine is its design. The unit combines both vibrational and circular movements. Such a system allows several times to increase the efficiency of the entire installation and the level of finishing of the coating. For rough work, in this case, purchased discs are hung, and for thin ones - smaller ones that work at reduced speeds. Works with the use of such equipment are estimated quite expensive, the result is truly ideal.

Grinding Machine Types

To sand the floor with a special machine, you need to imagine what type of machine you are looking for.

So, grinding machines are of the following types:

Drum. This is a machine for the initial rough surface treatment. The same machines are used if the floor to be sanded is made of large planks. The advantage of drum machines is that they can be used to process a large wooden floor. Its use is limited by the fact that it is very difficult to achieve perfect evenness of the processed surface when using such a machine - due to uneven grinding, even an experienced craftsman cannot withstand the entire surface at a single level. The principle of operation of the machine is that a cut of an emery tape of the required length is installed on one cylindrical shaft-drum.

Varieties of cars

The models of grinders are presented in groups. Each group of grinders solves specific processes, has features of use.

Drum

Drum type machines

The machine is used for scraping parquet, copes with removing a layer of varnish. The work is carried out in 3 directions. The principle of operation of grinders is simple: the belt is installed on a shaft driven by an electric motor and pressed close to the surface of the parquet. In this case, a layer of the required thickness is removed from the surface, which depends on the sandpaper.

Removable with machines about 1.5 mm layer, which is accompanied by dust, but most machine models have dust collectors. The machines weigh about 90 kg and are driven by wheels. The lower the weight of the grinders, the lower the productivity. The cost of cars is quite high, so it is easier to rent them in companies that provide such a service.

Tape

Draw frame type

The grinders are designed for pretreatment of parquet, leveling, scraping of large volumes. Due to the low center of gravity of the machines, the surface fits snugly against the floor.

The grinder is similar to a crawler tractor, and the abrasive material (65-110 mm) is installed between the rotating rollers of the grinders. The performance of the machines depends on the speed of the belt. Professional models have a wide sole of 10 cm, and for machines of the "hobby" class, 7.5 cm is enough. Work in hard-to-reach places is carried out using grinders with a 6 mm blade.

Disk aggregates

Disc type machines

Used for finishing works. The working element of the grinders is a rotating disc, where the abrasive material is fixed. They are subdivided into angular and specialized ("boot") grinders.

Grinding angle is used when processing hard-to-reach areas: pipe, place under the battery. The models have the following functions: support, constant speed control. Another disk machine is the "Boot", which looks like a boot, and it is convenient to work with it close to the walls.

Vibrating devices

Compact vibrating unit

This is a compact tool that belongs to surface grinders, but due to its versatility, it is used for wood surfaces. When the grinders are in operation, the sole vibrates at high speed. Therefore, a small vibration amplitude is used in finishing work.

Orbital car models

Type of eccentric grinders

The grinder combines the action of the grinding wheel, vibration, getting a high-quality grinding of the coating. The machine is considered a versatile tool for rough, finishing sanding.

The work depends on the set speed: for primary processing, a high speed of grinders is used. The thickness of the removed layer can be adjusted by pressing the machine platform. The eccentric machine for the initial grinding of parquet flooring is used if large vibration circles are installed. When setting small circles, polishing is carried out.

Disc grinders

Typically, disc grinders are used for surface finishing.The working element of this technique is a flat rotating disc on which the abrasive material is fixed.

Disc grinders are divided into:

• Angle (angle grinder) - well-known manual grinders, as well as specialized machines "boots". The design of angle grinder has one disk rotating parallel to the axis of the tool.
• Disc surface grinders - overall units with 1-3 discs rotating around their own and central axes.

Disc surface grinders

Disc grinders are equipped with one or three discs on which the abrasive wheels are attached. The discs rotate around their axis and thus “smooth” the wooden surface. Such a principle of operation, combined with a floating fit of the discs, allows high-quality polishing of the surface after pretreatment with tape or drum machines.

Angle grinders (angle grinders)

LBM is an alternative to expensive surface grinders when processing small surfaces, as well as in hard-to-reach places - under radiators, pipes, in corners and niches, near skirting boards and walls. The working surface of the angle grinder is a flat disc on which an abrasive tool is mounted.

The most affordable angle grinder is the grinder. Flap wheels can be used for coarse sanding. They consist of a rigid base on which strips of sandpaper are fixed in a circle. Fine sanding is best done using the Velcro rubber pad (different grain sizes).

"Boot" is another manual angle grinder. Its shape resembles a boot with a flat base, under which a grinding disc is hidden. Thanks to this design, it is very convenient to use a "boot" to handle areas located close to walls, places under radiators or pipes.

Belt type machines

Belt sanders are designed for floor pre-sanding, leveling, sanding and scraping.

In appearance, the belt type grinder resembles a miniature crawler tractor. Its working surface is an abrasive tape glued into a ring, which moves between two rotating rollers, like on a conveyor. Belt width - 65-110mm. The sole on which the tape rests is made of a thin metal plate and is complemented by a soft backing.

The speed of rotation of the abrasive belt is in the range of 150-500 m / min. Performance directly depends on this indicator. However, only if the additional speed is supported by increased power. Otherwise, it will not be possible to "press" the rapidly rotating belt to the floor and the increased speed will not improve the quality of the tool. The optimal speed value - 300 m / min - is achieved at a power of 650-700 W.

In order to "press" the abrasive belt to the surface, the machine structure is equipped with a metal platform of various sizes. Powerful professional models feature a 100mm wide sole for high performance and stability on the ground. For a hobby tool, a width of 75 mm is sufficient. Separately, it is worth mentioning the so-called "electric files" - machines with a very narrow working blade (width from 6 mm), allowing you to get to the most inaccessible places.

The technical characteristics and important features of working with belt sanders are described in the video (for example, the Interskol LShM-76/900 model):

An overview of a disc typewriter for example

Let's consider the technical characteristics and features of the polishing of the parquet machine SO-318, which is rightly considered one of the best modern samples. The equipment is used for delicate work on finishing the base not only of the parquet floor, but also of the cork or artistic one.

At the heart of the unit is a trolley and a body. This is convenient when you need to transport equipment - you can easily separate its components. The body is equipped with a single-phase electric motor with a faceplate with three discs and a pulley.

The elements rotate around the axes due to the belt drive. Moreover, the rotation speed of the drive is inversely proportional to the faceplate and they all move in different directions.

Grinding machine model SO-318

To collect dust in the work area, a special bag with a hose on the massive fan is used. The design of the unit is thought out in such a way that the grinding work is fast, high-quality and economical.

The ergonomic parquet grinder SO-318 is manufactured in the CIS, it differs from expensive foreign counterparts in its powerful drive due to the built-in motor with an additional bearing support. The built-in dust collection and extraction system is not only simple, but also practical. All these nuances allow you to start work with grinding the coating at the initial stage, even if there are elevation differences across its entire plane.

Views of the machine SO-318

If we consider the model from the technical point of view, then the following can be noted:

• the ability to process a strip of parquet with a width of up to 45 cm;
• machine weight - up to 80 kg;
• diameter of grinding blocks up to 20 cm;
• general parameters 80 × 48 × 110 cm.

The machine works from a network with a voltage of 220 V, on average, the electric motor has a rated power of 2.2 kW.

If we compare the technical characteristics of the machine with the analogue of SO-337, then you can see how much it surpasses it in all respects. So, for example, SO-337 will cope with the processing of a strip of parquet no more than 15 cm wide, and its discs have diameters up to 15 cm, the overall dimensions of the unit are 48 × 32 × 54 cm with a weight of 24 kg. The disc is capable of producing up to 3000 rpm per minute, with the drum raised at 1800 rpm.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that grinders for finishing parquet floors from a wide variety of wood species are really convenient, profitable and practical. Even a coating that has served for several decades can get a new life along with a new bright appearance, if you work with it using a suitable option of grinding technology.

Grinding machine model SO-337

Given the high cost of equipment, especially when it comes to professional options, such as an eccentric sander, it makes sense to think about renting it while the work is being done. A way out of the situation can be the ordering of grinding services with the call of the masters at home, who have not only the technique, but also the necessary experience and skills to carry out such work.

The purchase of a machine will be justified only in cases of the need for frequent surface grinding, for example, as part of the provision of paid services for the installation and maintenance of parquet.

Advantages of renting

A floor sander is worth the money spent on it only for companies whose specialization is directly related to carrying out a certain list of works, where it is impossible to carry out specific tasks without a sander.

It is advisable to rent a grinder if:

1. It is necessary to complete a large amount of work in the shortest possible time.
2. The equipment at our disposal is out of order, and the work cannot be stopped categorically.
3. Your company has a list of non-core jobs, and you are able to perform them, since you have the necessary staff and time.
4. Too much work was taken - as a result, there is not enough equipment, and there is simply no time to replenish the fleet of equipment.
5. You have plans to master this type of business, but in order to understand how everything works and whether it will be profitable, you need to perform a small amount of work.

The grinder will be needed by employees of firms who are constantly faced with work related to:

• laying and sanding parquet flooring in houses and apartments;
• "turnkey" construction and finishing of summer cottages and country wooden houses;
• pouring concrete and mosaic floors with subsequent grinding;
• laying and grinding granite and marble floors;
• installation of polymer self-leveling floors.