Diy geared wood splitter drawings

How to choose?

A converter for a walk-behind tractor can be made by hand, but if you do not have the necessary experience, then it is better to purchase it at specialized retail outlets. Today on the market there is a huge range of quality modifications, the cost of which varies depending on various technical and quality characteristics.

The following factors can affect the price.

• The quality of the materials from which the components are made.
• The number of functions performed by the inverter.
• Manufacturer status.
• Reversible mechanism (its presence or absence).
• Reproducible power. When choosing, you should not chase more power, but focus on the technical characteristics of the vehicle. Because the capabilities of the gearbox and the motor must match.
• Construction type (collapsible or non-collapsible).
• Design features. For example, the type of transmission or the type of clutch.
• Life time. As practice shows, a well-chosen converter can last from 7 to 15 years, depending on the type of transmission.

When buying a converter, do not forget about the dimensions of the motor. It will be a shame to spend money on something that later will not be included in the corps. When choosing a gearbox, you must also take care of the oil that is poured into it. It plays an important role, being the key to the efficient and smooth operation of the mechanism.

There are several factors to consider when choosing.

• Climatic conditions. If the vehicle will be operated in northern regions, then give preference to those vehicles that do not freeze at subzero temperatures. In the southern regions, you should not spend money on the purchase of such options.
• Loads. In the presence of heavy or virgin soil, the walk-behind tractor will work at increased loads, which means that the friction between the parts will increase, the torque will increase. To increase the life of the parts, you should select a lubricant that takes these features into account.

When choosing a gearbox from a specific manufacturer, remember that during repairs it is necessary to replace failed components with similar ones. Therefore, you should choose a supplier that has a representative office in your area.

Reducer for screw wood splitter

As a drive for a screw wood splitter, one-stage worm gearboxes of the 2Ch-80, Ch-100, Ch-125 type and MCh or MC2S gear motors are used. The advantage of worm gearboxes is their small size and a wide range of gear ratios (from 8 to 80).

Structurally, a screw (cone) wood splitter consists of: a frame, an electric motor with a gearbox or a gear motor, a shaft with a cone, and a shaft support. A detailed design diagram is shown in the drawing.

Try to install an MTN or MTF phase crane electric motor on the log splitter. Lower starting currents, more aggressive operating modes, variable speed and a price difference of no more than 30%.

Specifications of wood splitter gearboxes

The table shows the main characteristics necessary for the selection of a reduction gear for a wood splitter: gear ratio, rated torque on the low-speed shaft, weight.

Why do we need firewood - improving the quality of fuel

There are quite a few energy sources in the modern world:

1. Natural gas is available over large areas.It is enough to open the burner and light it, as a bluish light appears, which gives off a significant heat flux.
2. Liquid fuel dispensed through the injectors burns with a bright red or yellowish flame. Even in heat engines, different types of liquid energy carriers are used.
3. Coal and its products have a long combustion cycle. The reddish flame gives off heat for a long time not only by convection, a powerful flow of thermal radiation enters all surrounding objects.
4. Firewood was the first available heat source. They remain relevant at the present time.

Stove heating is used in many homes. Baths and saunas, when advertising their services, indicate that they use firewood of certain types of trees as a source of heat. Outdoor cooking traditionally involves the use of wood in the technology of thermal processing of food.

How to choose?

Choosing the right gear unit means guaranteeing the overall reliability of the system and its long-term operation. If you make the slightest mistake, you will have to spend money at the most important moment to repair or replace any part. In the worst case, you will have to change the elements interconnected with the broken part.

Therefore, it is very important to use the help of professional designers and engineers.

They pay attention to a variety of factors:

• placement of the gearbox in space;
• its mode of operation;
• general load level;
• the temperature to which the device heats up;
• the type of tasks performed and the degree of their responsibility.

However, it is not always possible to obtain advice from engineers in practice. In this case, you can be helped out by the simplest recommendations, which will be discussed below.

A step-by-step guide to making a spring wood splitter

To complete the work, you will need tools:

• Angle grinder (grinder) with a set of cutting discs and cleaning flap wheels.
• Welding machine, modern inverter-type household appliances for welding steel structures are relatively small in weight. The process is carried out on direct current, so the welds are neat, the molten metal of the electrode completely fills the joints between the parts.
• Clamps will help to connect the parts to be welded.
• Measuring and marking tools will help to make blanks for the future design.

1. Channel No. 10 ... 16 (the number determines the height expressed in centimeters).
2. Profile tube 40 60 mm (30 60 mm).
3. Rail 300 ... 400 mm long.
4. I-beams No. 12 ... 16.
5. Corner number 30 ... 50.
6. Car suspension bushing (may be worn).
7. Pipes with a diameter of 40 ... 70 mm.
8. A suspension spring for a passenger car, for example, from a VAZ.

Before starting work, a sketch project is drawn. Some craftsmen have mastered engineering design programs, with the help of which they can work out the details of the future product. Manufacturing details are shown below.

An approximate diagram will help you navigate the process of manufacturing the installation.

A support is made from the channel. A rack is welded to it. It is best to use an I-beam for a rack. This type of rolled steel has high rigidity. It is quite difficult to bend such an element under prolonged loads.

To ensure the stability of the base, jibs are welded to it. Additionally, stops are created from the existing pipes, they will prevent the possible fall of the entire product.

A spring support is cut out of the channel. A square hole is sawn in it. It will allow in the future to securely fix the element on the rack.

The height of the support is determined by the length of the existing spring. Along the way, they are guided by the height of the entire wood splitter, as well as its ease of use for a person. It is convenient to lift the load located at the height of the belt. You will have to lift it slightly above chest level.

All these considerations will allow you to choose the height of the spring support on the rack.

Jibs are made from the corners. They will hold the support. Then, under dynamic loading of the wood splitter, there will be no displacement of the supporting surface.

To fix the lower end of the spring, you need to make a cylindrical retainer. For its manufacture, a small piece of pipe is used. It is advisable to select the pipe according to the inner diameter of the spring. Then it will not shift in the process.

A slot is made in the upper part of the rack. A sleeve is installed in it. Then it is boiled. During installation, you must maintain perpendicularity to the rack. The hub axis must be parallel to the ground. A jig is used for welding, which will allow the specified conditions to be fulfilled.

A shaft is installed in the sleeve. A rocker arm is welded to it (a channel is used). A small piece of pipe is mounted on the lower part of the rocker arm. The upper part of the spring will be fixed in it.

In order for the rocker arm to move freely, a window is cut through it, its dimensions depend on the parameters of the rack.

A profile pipe is welded to the rocker arm. A chisel is installed at its end. These tools are made of U9 ... U10 carbon steel. The hardness of such a metal is HRC 60 ... 63. Such a tool will last a long time. During operation, it is easy to sharpen it with a grinder and a grinding wheel.

The wood splitter takes on a working look. Above the chisel, a load (part of the rail) is welded. The handle is welded for ease of use. To less damage to the hands, wear rubber elements. They will dampen vibration when struck.

For work, you will need to install a large-sized piece of log. Logs will be installed on it, which will have to be chopped.

The block is held with one hand. Raise the cleaver and then strike.

The cleaver goes down. The fragment underneath splits. The chisel drops below. If full splitting occurs, the point strikes the wooden support and does not dull.

About types of systems and not only

When preparing to assemble a mechanical or hydraulic log splitter, you need to start by preparing the kinematic diagrams. They will show you which types of gear units are worth using.

• In a cylindrical device of horizontal design, the axes of the input and output shafts are located in a common plane, but on parallel lines.
• Vertical gearboxes are similar in structure - only the orientation of the main plane is different.
• Worm gearboxes with one stage of the shaft axes intersect at right angles. Two-stage worm gearboxes are designed with parallel shaft axes in mind. They are deliberately placed in different horizontal planes.

Conical-helical gearboxes are also a special type. Among the two shafts, the output is of increased importance. It is his orientation in space that has a decisive influence. In worm-type devices, one type of gearbox can be installed for all orientations of the output shaft in space. Cylindrical and conical versions almost always allow the output shafts to be placed strictly horizontally. Exceptions are rare, for the most part they are achieved by design tricks.

How to choose a wood splitter: product features

If the household needs a wood splitter, then it is important to decide whether to buy a finished product or assemble it with your own hands. Implementing the latter option will require certain tools and skills.

For example, you can study the catalog of accessories for screw and cone wood splitters from any manufacturer and assemble a reliable and efficient unit yourself.

Vertical log device

Other equipment options work according to the principle - the motor moves special knives onto the log, when pressure is applied to which the log splits. To create a quality product, it is worth studying the information on how to make a wood splitter with your own hands and what type of device is better to choose.

There are a lot of installations working according to this principle and they differ from each other according to individual characteristics:

• by the method of stacking logs. There are vertical and horizontal mechanisms. Devices of the vertical type are considered more powerful and can work with thick logs, but for a curved log it is worth choosing a horizontal device;
• the maximum possible values ​​of the stacked firewood. Depending on this factor, the equipment is divided into industrial and household;
• drive types. For domestic use, it is enough to use an electric unit with a power of about 2.5 kW.

Powerful enough units can be made on their own

In addition, the weight of the household tool matters. You can design a similar product yourself.

The main types, their purpose

In the household, walk-behind tractors and cultivators are most often used. By design features, they can be installed:

• Gear mechanism. Bevel or spur gears are mounted on the drive shafts. This design allows them to be used in direct transmission of rotation from the engine. It can be used as an angular gearbox for a walk-behind tractor, while the design uses a bevel gear.
• The device is gear-worm. Most often installed with a vertical engine crankshaft. A gear with a specific number of teeth and a worm screw with a specific thread pitch are a schematic description of the type of device. The main feature is the transmission of rotation of the motor shaft at right angles.
• Chain device. The shafts are equipped with toothed sprockets. On them, a special chain is put on, with the help of which the torque is transmitted from the motor. For good performance, the chain is tensioned using a roller tensioner.
• Belt device. Rotation is transmitted using belts. Pulleys with grooves for belts are pressed onto the shafts, the belt is tensioned with a tension screw.

Most often, in equipping the angular gearbox of a boat motor, walk-behind tractors and other mechanisms, a chain, gear or gear-worm gear is used. Previously, the main one was the belt system, due to breaks, slipping of the belt from the pulleys, its work was recognized as not reliable.

Wood splitter device. Which gearbox to choose.

The working body for splitting chocks in the above mechanisms is a stainless steel knife. It has a flat or cruciform shape. As an alternative to a hydraulic cylinder, it is possible to use a Ts2U-200 gearbox with an eccentric mounted on the output shaft to create a reciprocating motion of the knife.

Recently, a wood splitter with a conical nozzle, nicknamed "carrot", which is similar to the latter, has become more and more popular when harvesting logs. The working part of the conical splitter is a part made in the form of a cone, on the surface of which a thread is cut. During work, the wood splitter is screwed into the chock while rotating, thereby splitting it. This process occurs quickly enough, literally a few seconds. In this regard, the performance of the cone wood splitter is much higher than that of other designs.

The cone wood splitter attachment itself can be bought both on the market and in the chain of stores selling household goods. Well, if a person has the skills of turning and access to the machine, it will not be difficult for him to make a cleaver on his own. When choosing a material, preference should be given to workpieces of steel grade 40 or 45.

The main dimensions are as follows:

• workpiece diameter - 80 mm;
• the total length of the part is - 300 mm;
• the hole diameter corresponds to the diameter of the gearbox output shaft;
• the length of the tapered part of the part is 250 mm.

Having pierced the tapered part, the thread is cut, the parameters of which are as follows: thread direction - right, optimal pitch 5 mm, profile - "herringbone", the back side is directed towards the gearbox.

Having purchased or made a conical wood splitter nozzle, a gearbox is selected that enhances the torque of the electric motor. The most suitable option is the H 100 gearbox. If the logs are small, it is possible to install the H 80 worm gearbox. Which of the proposed options to choose will have to be determined empirically. Perhaps some other device from our catalog will suit you better. The engine power must be from 2.2 to 4 kW; petrol engines of the corresponding power can also be used.

Then they begin to manufacture a desktop, the dimensions of the working surface of which have the following parameters:

• width - at least 60 cm;
• the length of the working table, respectively, is 100–120 cm;
• bed height - 60–70 cm.

In the manufacture, metal pipes are used, corners of at least 50 mm in size, to increase the mass of the bed, a sheet of metal with a thickness of 2-3 mm is rigidly attached to it from above, which contributes to better sliding of the chocks. A drive motor with a wood splitter attachment is rigidly fixed to the sheet, offset to the edge along the length of the table. In the manufacture of a cone wood splitter, to facilitate its transportation on the frame, wheels are provided.

In places where people live, where there is no electrical voltage, you can use the power of a tractor or walk-behind tractor - from the power take-off shaft. There is also a way to prepare firewood using a car, of any model. To do this, first of all, you need to have the cone wood splitter itself and the corresponding adapter. The process itself is as follows. At the car, with the help of a jack, either side of the driving wheels rises, the tire is unscrewed and removed, and a cone splitter is installed in its place through an adapter. The car is lowered onto a special tragus or a suitable stump. Then the engine is started and the gear is turned on, while the converted wheel hub begins to rotate together with the cone wood splitter, and then the process of harvesting firewood occurs in the same way as on a specially made machine.

Although it is not very difficult for a specialist to make a cone splitter, first of all, it is necessary to determine its rational use, it is not rational to use a cone splitter when harvesting a small amount of firewood.