Types of cutters for walk-behind tractors and other equipment for tillage

Details and nuances

It is important to understand that the opener installed on walk-behind tractors and motor-cultivators is not capable of performing the same work as similar devices on "large" tractors. It makes no sense to expect from them:

• pruning;

• loosening the earth;

• the formation of grooves.

There are only two functions available: adjusting the depth and rate of cultivation, and an additional anchor point for storage. That is why various names for this part may occur:

• stop-limiter;

• plowing depth regulator;

• spur (in the lines of a number of European firms).

The coulters installed on individual models of walk-behind tractors (cultivators) can have only 2 adjustment positions. There are even those in which the deepening of the sharp end is not regulated. An example is the proprietary Caiman Eco Max 50S C2 coulter. But it is possible to change the speed of movement of the cultivator by manipulating the handles. For your information: on powerful cultivators and walk-behind tractors, the opener must necessarily move freely to the right and left.

The correct organization of work when using the opener is as follows:

• pressing the handles;

• stopping the cultivator;

• waiting until the ground around the cutters is loosened;

• repetition in the next section.

When it is planned to plow virgin lands, usually the burrs are made relatively small in order to evaluate the result. Only after processing the trial portion of the plot can it be said whether the depth needs to be changed or not. If the motor starts to accelerate when the working depth is reduced, the opener has to be buried a little more. On motoblocks of the "Neva" type, the regulator is set to begin with in the middle position. Then, focusing on the density of the earth and the ease of overcoming it, they carry out the final adjustment.

For information on what openers for a walk-behind tractor are and how to install them correctly, see the video below.

DIY iron wheels on a walk-behind tractor

In fact, these are metal wheels with welded spikes that work the soil layer and provide traction with it. First of all, you need to decide on the diameter and size of the studs, draw up a drawing of future wheels. In addition, you need to decide on the weight of the future wheels, given that it must be large for traction with the soil, and it may simply not be enough for a motor-cultivator.

Homemade lugs

As a basis, you can take disks from car wheels. An axle shaft is welded to them, on which the bearings are put on. Square metal plates are welded to the discs. It is necessary that they touch the edges of the rim. Then the plates are bolted to the rim. Then teeth are made - hooks that will enter the soil. They can be made from corners. They are welded onto the wheel rim about 15 cm apart.

Wheels from "Zhiguli" to the walk-behind tractor

Also, wheels from "Zhiguli" are perfectly installed on walk-behind tractors with their own hands. The diameter of the Zhigulevskaya wheels repeats the original wheels exactly. The use of Zhiguli wheels is more profitable, since original products, as a rule, are much more expensive. In addition, the wheels from the VAZ are wider, heavier, they have better cross-country ability, less slip.

When replacing factory wheels with automobile wheels, the structure becomes heavier. A semiaxis is installed inside, on which metal plates with holes are mounted, which play the role of weighting materials. On the outside, caps are installed to protect against external damage. The camera moves away. For more grip of the wheels with the soil, it is possible to pull the chain on them.

The installation process takes place in the following sequence:

• Installation of a semiaxis.
• Removing a tire from a wheel.
• Installation of thorns.
• Attaching the structure to the rim with bolts.
• Replacing disks.
• The structure is screwed to the hubs mounted on the walk-behind tractor.

Wheels for garden motor vehicles can be made independently, improving the design for your needs, the tasks assigned to the technique, for any desired type of soil and terrain. There are quite a few options for independent alterations; every gardener and farmer can easily make what he needs for comfortable work.

Structure

The basic units used to create a 4x4 all-terrain vehicle, in addition to the walk-behind tractor itself, are represented by the following components:

• frame, which will be the basis of the unit;
• rear axle for installing a second pair of wheels;
• driver's seat;
• lighting devices that enable safe movement at night.

Such units are vehicles designed for one person. The average bearing capacity of motor vehicles is approximately 200 kilograms. The width of the chassis is determined by the required stability before overturning, but it is advisable to make it at least 1.1 meters. Among motoblocks with an engine, it is desirable to use units, "Neva", maybe others with a capacity of 10 horsepower or more. Such characteristics of power are enough to move faster than 10 km / h. During movement along muddy roads on viscous or slippery ground, it drops to 2-3 km / h.

Creeper functions for mini cultivator

The main task of the creeper is to reduce the operating speed of the agricultural unit. Most often this is required in cases where the operator needs to direct the rotational force generated by the motor not to the speed of its movement, but to increase the efficiency of the moving working bodies installed on it. This allows you to improve the quality of plowing hard and stony soils, as well as to completely remove large stems of weeds.

In most cases, a creeper for the cultivator is used when the agricultural unit is equipped with pneumatic wheels. A little less often, the device is mounted on a motor-cultivator with grousers. This allows the operator to improve the traction of the equipment on soft, loose soil and to increase the efficiency of the treatment of an area with wet swampy soil.

How to make and install the wheels on the cultivator?

Modernization of the walk-behind tractor is necessary in the following cases:

• to improve the quality of plowing with low wheel pressure;
• rubber tires are not suitable for plowing, which wear out quickly;
• an increase in the chassis;
• creation of a new modification.

For self-production of transport elements for a motor-cultivator, two or four wheels from popular Soviet cars are suitable.

The manufacturing process includes the following steps:

• we fix the axle shaft inside the transport element;
• in order for it to be removable, we weld a tube with a diameter of 30 mm to a metal plate;
• we make holes in the plate (no more than 10 mm) for the guides on the car rims;
• using a drill, we make a through hole in the tube (under the cotter pin);
• we put the tube perpendicular to the plate and fasten it along the side parts, welding it;
• then we screw the axle shaft to the wheel, securing it with a cotter pin.

Thus, it will not be difficult to install the wheels on the cultivator, as well as to remove them. To do this, you just need to unscrew a few fasteners. The last step implies the presence of a special set of devices (screwdriver, wrench and jack).

In the cold season, we use a set of tires for the winter. In winter, the cultivator can be equipped with lugs. They can be purchased in stores (specialized) and made with your own hands.The following items will be needed:

• unnecessary car wheels;
• "Corner" of steel for making "hooks";
• dense squares of steel;
• bolts;
• traction or metal wheels are perfect for creating lugs.

So let's get started:

• we take as a basis old discs from a car without rubber;
• we attach the semi-axles to them with a welding machine;
• we start making "hooks";
• we take the corners of steel and adjust their size using a "grinder" (their size prevails over the rim of the disc);
• fasten to the rim (at a distance of 15 cm each);
• in the final stage, we fix them with the help of "teeth".

Peculiarities

Wheels, just like mechanical units, are available in several types

Today the market is represented by a huge assortment of these products, therefore, in order to make a choice in favor of this or the model, it is important to take into account its technical characteristics. Three types of wheels can be used for power units:

• pneumatic. Structures have chambers and rubber tires;
• rubber. These are solid tires made up of durable rubber and rims;
• lugs. They are metal elements that are used to increase the permeability of the walk-behind tractor.

In addition, you can find on sale and universal samples, suitable for equipment of any brands and models. They come with a camera, discs, fasteners and are considered a great choice for those who do not like to pay twice. Manufacturers often produce special wheels that are designed only for a specific modification of the walk-behind tractor. These types are sold at different prices, and they can be purchased only if the walk-behind tractor has a popular model. For units of the middle and high class, you can buy chamber wheels with a diameter of 5 to 13 inches, they have high-quality rubber and durable iron tires.

Self-production

Of course, it is impossible to completely assemble these parts with your own hands. In any case, you will have to purchase an axle. All parts are hung on a ready-made base, which is bought in the store.

You can use car or motorcycle pairs as a base. You can make only lug parts with your own hands, since weighting agents are used extremely rarely, and it makes no sense to buy products at a high cost.

To make the walk-behind tractor convenient for work, you need to correctly debug all its parts, including making the wheel axle of the required length. For this, special extension cords are used. You can also assemble paired parts of iron, inside which there is an internal cavity. It is in it that the weighting agent is placed.

Naturally, they are not suitable for a trailer, but they can be used in the unit itself for mounting wheels from a car.

The advantages of paired parts:

• Reduced slip time and increased product performance.
• The ability to quickly remove and change products.
• Ease of assembly on your own.
• Excellent grip.

It is thanks to these properties that twin wheels are gaining increasing popularity among farmers. You can also make them yourself.

Of course, the details turn out to be rough, but they work efficiently and for a long time, which is important for difficult agricultural conditions. The process is as follows:

• At the first stage, wheels with tires are selected.
• Further, the protectors are made more embossed by creating a pattern on them.
• Then a weighting agent is inserted into the rim. To do this, the steel strip is cut into squares and the blanks are welded into a single structure.
• The second rim is fastened to ensure the greatest strength of the mechanism.
• At the end, the tires are put on and the structure is ready to work.

In general, making such devices is not difficult, you just need to choose the right parts and fit them in size.

Recently, pneumatic wheels, which are excellent for a walk-behind tractor, have been in great demand among buyers.They are made from rubber of medium hardness, and they are quite expensive. Therefore, you should think about self-assembly of the unit.

Wheel types

An aggregate such as a walk-behind tractor is used in a variety of types of work, so the wheels installed on it must also be different. Consider the modifications offered by manufacturers:

• Pneumatic type.
• Traction.
• Solid rubber products.
• Metal parts with couplings.

Pneumatic

Needed for plowing the soil or plowing the beds. For high-quality work, the wheels must have a width of more than twenty centimeters with a diameter of 40 centimeters or more. A pronounced tread is encouraged.

Such a unit is more stable, and all defects will be noticeable on the surface of the tires. As a rule, Neva walk-behind tractors are equipped with such details.

Traction

In common parlance, these products are called herringbone - for a kind of pattern on the tread. Their capture width is universal. This option is used for transporting goods, or hanging special equipment.

With traction wheels, your machine will be able to navigate rough terrain and even loose snow. The rubber mounted on it is highly durable and wear-resistant.

Solid cast

Such parts are characterized by increased tire power. They are usually used on diesel-type units, more similar to small tractors, such as MTZ.

Metal with grousers

These are heavy parts that, when working, provide the walk-behind tractor with additional power. Special tines allow the machine to move even on very difficult and viscous soil

The greatest load falls on the support wheel, so it is not its choice that you should pay close attention to

When choosing a trailer, you need to make sure that the wheels in it have a similar structure. Then, when transporting a heavy load, the pressure on the walk-behind tractor and the trailer will be compensated.

4 wheels

The 4 wheels can be installed in different ways on the device. The first option is to turn the equipment into a mini-tractor and equip it with a seat. The second option is more common with homemade equipment. In this case and the use of unsuitable machine or motorcycle parts, two identical pairs are mated with each other.

Standard conversion of equipment into a mini-tractor is a common procedure provided there is sufficient power of the unit. For such a process, a free axle is created, which is mounted on an elongated body. Paired equipment is placed on this axis.

When using the paired version, two native pairs are split and paired with the second wheel. It is also possible to install weighting materials between adjacent discs, but when doing homemade work, most often the discs are paired with a small gap using a small rectangular window, which is then a weighting agent.

When fully created, each part will be a double element that is created from equal parts. It turns out that the elements should be the same in shape and size.

Among the advantages of this design:

• higher level of productivity;
• quick removal of the outer parts;
• ease of creation;
• high level of contact with the surface.

The main advantages are increased cross-country ability and increased travel speed.

A walk-behind tractor with 4 wheels is considered the most practical for creating at home.

How to make an all-terrain vehicle from a walk-behind tractor description and photo

As already mentioned, you should clearly imagine what exactly the all-terrain vehicle will be used for, and only then start creating it. Caterpillar machines require experience in handling them. If this is a problem, it is recommended to start with the usual "pneumatics".

When it is already clear how the all-terrain vehicle will be used, it remains to decide on its capacity and carrying capacity. Next, drawings are created, according to which it will be done.In the drawings, you need to draw components and assemblies. Figure out how best to arrange them.

The engine is selected as having forced cooling. For example, you can use the engines of motoblocks with water or air cooling.

The maximum motor power is calculated by the formula: nmax. = 10-3Nud.mp.

nmax here denotes the maximum power, and Nsp denotes the specific power per 1 ton of weight. The limits of the latter indicator are 20-35 hp.

If an all-terrain vehicle is expected to be used year-round, it is recommended to equip it with a four-stroke engine.

Types of wheels for a motor cultivator. How to choose them?

The cultivator itself is a mechanical structure used in household plots to facilitate agricultural work. In order for special equipment to perform its tasks 100%, all parts must be serviceable, especially movement elements. The latter are divided into the following types:

• supporting;
• rubber;
• traction;
• metal with grousers;
• paired.

When choosing wheels for an inter-row cultivator, take note of the following information.

• Traction and pneumatic wheels are renowned for their versatility and unique tread pattern. They are often called "Christmas tree" in everyday life. They are large (more than 20 cm wide and 40 cm in diameter). The wheels allow the walk-behind tractor to move easily both on the road and on sticky soil. The impressive dimensions of the wheels make it possible to use the unit for plowing over large areas. Traction wheels are also perfect for a snow blower or a trolley. The amazing strength of rubber is popular for its durability.
• Transport elements made of metal with lugs are heavier. Steel "teeth" push the cultivator forward and prevent it from "drowning" in the viscous clay.

• Rubber (solid) is installed not only on cultivators, but also on small tractors. They have a "rolling" property and are widely used in wooded (difficult to pass) terrain.
• Paired ones consist of 2 elements of the same size and shape. This design significantly increases the power of the unit and increases its speed. They have excellent surface contact and are easy to create at home. They also imply the possibility of prompt removal of elements of the external plan.