Features of tracked mini tractors

Tractor AGROMASH-90TG

Agromash-90TG is a vehicle of 3 traction class. The tractor is based on the Soviet DT-75 tractor. It is in high demand among farmers and construction companies. At construction sites, Agromash-90TG is used as a bulldozer.

The tractor has the following technical characteristics:

• Machine weight - 7100 kilograms;
• Length with the hinged device raised - 4700 mm;
• Width - depends on the configuration, and is 1850 mm without marsh equipment, with b / o - 2600 mm;
• Height from the ground to the upper edge of the exhaust pipe - 3100 mm;
• Base - 1612 mm;
• Track in the center of the tracks - 1330 mm;
• Clearance - 370 mm;
• Track width - normal 390 mm, marsh track - 670 mm;
• Engine - four-cylinder diesel;
• The volume of the power plant is 7.43 liters;
• Power - 94 hp;
• Crankshaft rotation frequency - 1750 rpm;
• Gearbox - seven-speed;

The Agromash-90TG hinged device is universal. There is a possibility of two-point and three-point adjustment. Thanks to this, the tractor is used with various agricultural equipment.

The Agromash-90TG cab meets modern requirements. The design of the cabin makes it airtight, which prevents dust from entering the cabin during operation. The noise level in the cab does not exceed the permissible standards, which reduces the degree of tractor driver fatigue during long-term operation.

Mini tractor from the Zubr walk-behind tractor

Motoblocks of this brand have a reliable and powerful enough motor, the presence of which allows you to convert the unit into an all-wheel drive minitractor. Before starting work, be sure to study the detailed drawings, and also buy steel sheets, pipes and corners.The procedure for manufacturing a mini tractor is as follows:

1. When arranging the frame, you will need to expand the existing frame of the walk-behind tractor. This is necessary in order to install additional wheels. Cut the corners and pipes into suitable pieces, then weld them to each other;
2. The front beam on the mini tractor is mounted by means of a ready-made hub equipped with brakes. The wheels in the front of the unit must correspond to the size of the rear wheels, or be slightly larger than the latter - this will prevent the mini-tractor from "burrowing" when driving over rough terrain;
3. Then install the walk-behind tractor motor. It is best to mount it at the front to achieve the best balance of the overall structure;
4. Weld the hitch to the rear of the finished mini-tractor - it will be required for mounting the trailer.

Tracks for all-terrain vehicle

As a rule, tracks for homemade all-terrain vehicles are made from a high-strength conveyor belt, which lends itself well to all kinds of deformations while driving. It does not require any special care, all you need is to clean it of dirt from time to time.

So let's now talk in more detail about the creation of caterpillars. To work you will need the following materials:

• Bolts and nuts of various shapes and sizes.
• Protruba with a cross-section.
• Massive fittings.
• Conveyer belt.

You should also have the following tools in your arsenal:

• Powerful drill.
• Welding machine.
• Big hammer.
• Universal wrench set.
• Crimping machine for tracks.

Based on the dimensions of the track, you need to prepare the appropriate bolts and nuts. Next, take the rebar and begin to round it with a crimping machine. Then, with a welding machine, it is necessary to weld the letter V at the top of the reinforcement.

For a more detailed understanding of the actions, we advise you to watch the video on how to make caterpillars with your own hands.

After the work done, you will have a homemade track that needs to be attached to another track, etc. The result of the work will be a reliable track for an all-terrain vehicle.

Design features

A mini-tractor only at first glance seems to be a complex mechanism. However, in practice, it is a well-assembled apparatus with a functional arrangement of nodes. The main components are the frame - 2 spars and 2 traverses (about how to make a homemade mini tractor and read everything to it in the article).

Power unit

For a mini-tractor, a motor is quite important, corresponding to the required torque to perform its functions and tasks. The optimal parameters in this regard will be a solution - four-cylinder water-cooled diesel engines of 40 hp (for example, Xingtai 220).

Bridge

In this case, the manufacturer guarantees the reliability and quality of this element. Although, if you analyze the situation with the installation of the bridge on homemade tracked tractors, then you will not have to make any adjustments to the design.

Caterpillar

There are several options to consider here. First of all, these are high-torque steel tracks, as a standard option that most are used to. The second option is rubber. They are in no way inferior in reliability and quality and do an excellent job with their task.

Mini tractor caterpillar

The simplest option in this case is a construction with rollers - wheels. Size - depending on the mini-tractor itself.

Track for UAZ

Next, we will tell you how to make tracks on a UAZ with your own hands. For this model, a track made from ordinary car tires is suitable. Choose a massive truck tire in advance.

Be sure to pay attention to the characteristic tread pattern. If it has triangular cutouts, then the tire will fit.

For manufacturing, it is necessary to carefully cut out the sides and, most importantly, do not forget to leave a place for the treadmill. Then start connecting the resulting tires using car belts.

The result of the work will be a ready-made caterpillar for operation by the UAZ all-terrain vehicle.

List of sources

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Nuances and characteristics

Self-made caterpillar mini tractors have a speed limit. You will not be able to develop more than 40 kilometers per hour on them, which makes them similar to walk-behind tractors - they can also be used as vehicles only in case of extreme need.

It is worth saying that the owners of the vineyards were very happy with the invention of the caterpillar mini-tractor. The thing is that during the passage of the machine on a caterpillar track on the soil, due to the uniform distribution of the weight of the unit, the earth is not compacted as it would with a wheeled tractor. The vine does not like dense soil very much, so that the growers could not use wheeled "machinery". If you are a vineyard owner, you may be interested in one of the modern mini crawler tractors.

You can take a closer look at the “Countryman” brand or the “Um 400” model. If you are not considering the possibility of purchasing a tractor in a store, but are going to create it with your own hands, then we can give some advice on this matter.

Kirovets K744

The model is produced at the St. Petersburg Tractor Plant. The basic modification is made on wheels with low pressure tires. Additionally, it is possible to replace the wheels with specialized tracked modules. Tracks of the K744 tractor are made of reinforced rubber, thanks to which the machine can move on the asphalt surface without damaging it.

Kirovets K744 has 4 modifications, the main difference of which is the power of the power plant.The manufacturer installs an automated gearbox with a leverless control on the tractor. Switching is carried out by the joystick and the buttons located on it. The gearbox has 16 forward gears and 8 reverse gears.

The tractor cab is distinguished by a high degree of comfort and functionality. An on-board computer is installed in the K 744 cockpit. He informs the operator about the operation of all systems and mechanisms. The controls are located in the immediate vicinity of the driver's seat. This arrangement makes it possible for the tractor driver to easily operate a multi-ton machine. The T744 has proven itself in all types of agricultural work in various climatic conditions.

From the above it follows that since the times of the Soviet Union, the domestic tractor industry has been developing. Regardless of the fact that tracked vehicles are less in demand than wheeled vehicles, they are constantly being modernized, and in many technical indicators are not inferior to foreign counterparts of the corresponding class.

Making a clutch for a mini tractor

The clutch basket housing is connected to the motor through an adapter with coaxial mounting holes. The device itself is used from the GAZ-51, the mechanism is turned off by a hydraulic drive.

Features of the mini tractor:

• units and parts are used from used cars and agricultural machinery;
• the frame of the breaking type is assembled from two semi-frames and a cross from the MAZ truck. Provides high cross-country ability and maneuverability of the machine, copying the terrain with pneumatic wheels, directional movement control;
• cardan shaft with a pair of end crosses, transmits the power moment from the box to the bridge regardless of the "break" of the frame;
• a drum-type service brake is mounted on the box shaft;
• the drive axle is used from an electric car, rigidly fixed to the semi-frame;
• the front axle suspension is independent. Shock absorbers, springs, levers are applied from ZAZ;
• the machine can be converted into tracked and all-wheel drive versions.

The "Volchok" unit is converted into an all-wheel drive mini-tractor with its own hands in the following order:

1. A transfer case from the GAZ-69 is installed behind the gearbox through an intermediate propeller shaft, which transmits the power moment to the drive axles, the presence of a reduction gear in the device makes it possible to increase the tractive effort, if necessary.
2. A bridge is mounted on the front half-frame - an analogue of the rear axle of a minitractor.
3. The main gear of the front axle is connected to the transfer case via a cardan gear.

Do-it-yourself conversion of the "Volchka" into a caterpillar mini-tractor:

1. Make a crawler-type propulsor. For this purpose, a large diameter tire with trimmed sides is used. We use solid rubber wheels from transport trolleys as rollers.
2. We fix the semi-frames rigidly relative to each other (the power hinge does not work).
3. We dismantle the front suspension, on the front half-frame we attach the roller assemblies with the track tensioning mechanism.
4. We dismantle the rear axle, in its place we install a shortened axle from the GAZ-21 with the main gear and differential, we connect the hydraulic control of drum brakes separately for each side. We install rollers in place of the wheel disks.
5. Two pedals for controlling the drum brakes of the rear axle, due to the operation of the differential, provide a change in direction.
6. We dress and tighten the track.

Tracked tractors of the USSR

Since the mid-60s of the last century, research has been actively carried out in Russia on the effectiveness of the use of wheeled tractors in agriculture.

Unlike wheeled ones, they do not cause much soil compaction, leading to a 25% decrease in yield. The tracked models also have other advantages:

• higher cross-country ability on loose and viscous soils;
• reduced risk of slipping;
• higher traction characteristics.

In this regard, it was decided to switch the country's largest tractor-building plants to the production of machines based on caterpillars. By the 80s of the 20th century, the collective and state farms of Russia were fully equipped with this type of equipment.

The technique of this type is represented by the following models.

Kommunar

Kommunar is the first model of a caterpillar tractor, the production of which was carried out by KhTZ (Kharkov Tractor Plant) from 1924 to 1931. During the Great Patriotic War, this technique was used as traction for artillery guns. In total, 3 modifications of the basic model were developed:

• G-50;
• G-75;
• З-90.

Technical characteristics of the Kommunar tractor:

• weight - 8.5 tons;
• power - 50 liters. with.;
• maximum speed - 7 km / h;
• three-stage gearbox (2 forward and 1 reverse).

Dt-54

In the 50s of the last century, the production of the first diesel tracked tractor D-54 was launched. Its production was carried out by three of the largest factories in the country: Stalingrad, Kharkov and Altai. This powerful machine was used for all types of work where endurance, cross-country ability, and high tractive effort were required.

The D-54 was equipped with a 5-speed manual gearbox, developed a speed of up to 5.7 km / h, and had a traction power of 2000 kgf.

T-100 - the famous "weaving"

From 1963 to 1977, the tracked tractor was produced by the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant and had a large model range. It was equipped with a 4-stroke D-108 engine running on diesel fuel. The cabin was distinguished by increased comfort due to a soft seat and interior ventilation.

The first model was designed for use as part of the DZ-53 bulldozer, which had a rope system for controlling attachments. In further modifications, the system was replaced by hydraulics. The industrial tractor was used at construction sites as a chassis for a crane, pipelayer, pile headframe; in the agricultural industry was not popular due to its low speed.

Dt-75 - the most massive tracked tractor in the USSR

D-75 is a general purpose special vehicle manufactured in Russia since 1973. The first cars were equipped with 75 hp diesel engines. with. The tractor has a frame structure, in the initial version it was equipped with a car-type cab with a height-adjustable seat.

Since the modification of the D-75M, the height and equipment of the cab have regularly undergone changes in the direction of increasing comfort.

For operation in regions with harsh climatic conditions, the engine can be cold started. The design of the machine allows you to attach side-type semi-mounted equipment to it. This makes it possible to use the tractor as a paver and loader. Thus, the range of tasks performed by special equipment has been expanded. It included drilling, road and construction works. To this day, tractors of this model are in demand by agriculture and industry, they are actively used in a variety of conditions.

Dimensions and manufacturers

If we analyze the frequency of the search engine query in the browser, the topic "Which mini-tractor for a subsidiary farm is better to choose?" will occupy one of the leading positions. Usually, this question is understood by users as a manufacturer of compact equipment.

We will try to understand this problem. On the domestic market there are mini-tractors of domestic, European, Chinese and Japanese production.

"Japanese" are considered the standard of quality and reliability, however, the price of such models is quite high. In addition, only original equipment is suitable for Japanese equipment, unified spare parts are also not provided.

• Russian mini-tractors are largely copied from their Chinese counterparts, so it makes no sense to consider them as a separate category.
• "The Chinese" are cheap and versatile machines that have been occupying their market segment for a long time. The technique can work with attachments of any production, however, there are problems with starting the engine in the cold season.

We conclude: for novice farmers, it is preferable to opt for Chinese technology.

Let's talk about sizes

Here you need to focus on the scope of the tractor. For example, bulky modifications will be useless in confined spaces (gardens and greenhouses), compact models - it is impractical to use in medium and large areas, the equipment will simply not have enough power.

Small-sized machines can be roughly divided into three groups. Let's consider each separately.

1. Rider. Basically, it is a lawn mower that works with only one type of attachment. This determines the field of application of the technique: lawn and lawn care. Such machines are often used by landscaping services and golf club technicians.
2. Garden tractor. This is a fairly compact and maneuverable vehicle that feels great in tight spaces. Here, 15-horsepower power units are usually installed, which makes it possible to use equipment for snow removal, grass mowing, processing of small plots of land, and transportation of goods over short distances. The design of such models is simplified as much as possible; plastic sheathing is used to reduce weight.
3. Mini tractor. The power of such equipment varies between 18-40 liters. with. A hydraulic hitch is installed here, which can work with any attachments. This significantly expands the scope of the machines.

Given these features, it is better to purchase cars from the third category for a subsidiary farm. They are suitable for landscaping, harvesting forage, sowing and harvesting.

How to build a homemade tractor

Mini tractor from a walk-behind tractor

The main design of a home-made caterpillar mini-tractor with your own hands, on which the entire load falls, is the frame. It is on its strength that the stable operation of the entire structure will depend. Frame material - channel.

Important! The frame for the tractor, according to the drawing, must be made three-stage. Reinforced rigidity can be given using side members

The front traverse is made shorter than the back one.

An equally important step in designing a small mini tractor on tracks with your own hands is the choice of a reliable engine. It can be anything, as long as it fully matches the torque. Ideally, a diesel engine with about 12 horsepower, 4 cylinders and a water cooling system can be obtained. Also good options are motors from tractors "Countryman", from old automotive equipment.

Interesting. Some farmers recommend installing motors from the Sadko and Murashka walk-behind tractors on tracked tractors. The resulting structure will have performance and great durability.

The bridge can be picked up from any vehicle. It is recommended to leave the choice on the GAZ car. Sometimes the bridge may need to be shortened slightly.

It is very easy to make tracks for a tractor at home. They are made from a cart, an old tire. The dimensions of the tracks are selected based on the dimensions of the tractor. The tire is trimmed on the sides and put on the mounted wheels

It is extremely important that the dimensions of the components fit together.

DIY caterpillar mini tractor

The principle of operation of homemade products made at home is as follows:

• transmission of torque to the gearbox;
• the input of torque to the differential system;
• the beginning of the motor process of the wheels;
• the turn occurs when the semiaxis is braking, at this time the torque is transferred to the second semiaxis.

The sequence of actions when designing a homemade mini-tractor on tracks is as follows:

• collection of all frame elements into one structure, installation of driving rollers and supporting parts;
• mounting the motor, connecting it to the tractor gearbox;
• installation of components of the brake system, differential;
• connecting these important elements to the gearbox;
• equipment of the control unit and streamlining of the driver's workplace;
• collection, installation of tracked vehicles, auxiliary elements;
• checking the unit, the working condition of all units, if necessary - revision;
• first running-in of the tractor.

Step by step manufacturing

The process of making a homemade mini tractor on a caterpillar track is not complicated. Often, craftsmen make it on the basis of an old walk-behind tractor by installing a special adapter. There are also such structures, the nodes of which are completely assembled by hand.

To improve theoretical skills and knowledge of mechanical engineering, experts recommend reading technical literature, using the Internet, and familiarizing yourself with the operating manual for welding equipment.

The performance of a home-made caterpillar mini-tractor does not differ much from factory models, the costs of creating them are minimal, especially in cases of using ready-made assemblies, hydraulic connectors and adapters from faulty equipment.

The set of mechanisms, materials and necessary tools is as follows:

• welding machine;
• consumables - electrodes, wire, gas, oxygen;
• electric drill with drills;
• wrenches and screwdriver;
• Bulgarian;
• discs for cutting metal;
• fasteners;
• metal rolling for the frame;
• lubricants;
• primer and paint.

Work units are made separately and assembled. When assembling, the drawings of each part must be checked against the manufactured mechanisms.

Frame and cab

The stability of the entire structure depends on the strength and rigidity of the frame, because all mechanisms and assemblies are installed on the base.

The frame is a welded base consisting of cross-beams and longitudinal spars. Professionals make spars 3-stage and weld them from pieces of steel lightweight channel # 10. The front traverses are made of channels No. 12, the rear ones - No. 16.

To increase stability at the inner corners of the front axle brackets, gussets of 5 mm made of "troika" steel are installed. Steel plates for fastening the structure of 8 mm to the rear axle and the hinge bracket are attached to the front side members, steel footboards are welded on the sides. On the frame, 15 M12 mounting holes are drilled at the place of installation of parts and assemblies according to the drawings, provide for the possibility of mounting the engine and seat.

2 welded bushings of 20 mm St3 are mounted in the front crosshead, in the rear - a steering column bracket made of a steel strip with a section of 8x70 mm.

Then the road wheels and wheelsets are attached to the base.

If desired, a self-made caterpillar can be made with a stainless steel body, which will protect the driver and machine mechanisms from dirt and external mechanical factors.

Engine and electrical equipment

For a mini tractor, choose an engine that meets the requirements for power and torque. A diesel 4-cylinder power unit of at least 12 liters is most suitable. with. water cooled. To increase technical performance, you can use a more powerful motor.

Electrical equipment is connected according to the electrical diagram. The battery is built into a special box under the seat of the car. Headlights, side lights, braking signals are optional and are installed as far as possible and if desired by the master.

Running system and brakes

The propellers are installed on 2 sides of the frame.The frame of the tractor is connected to the road wheels by means of a suspension that transmits the force of gravity and ensures a smooth ride when turning and driving on uneven surfaces. The role of rollers is played by wheels that can be removed from the garden cart; instead of tracks, tires with deep tread are suitable.

Disc brakes can be installed on the module, while the machine is equipped with 2 axles, the presence of clutches and a planetary gear is optional. Tractors are also equipped with band brakes. They are distinguished by their simplicity and excellent compatibility with all mechanisms.

Steering and transmission

A homemade crawler tractor is controlled by the rotation mechanism of the transmission-motor unit. The standard handlebar should be attached after installing the driver's seat to adjust the tilt and height.

Caterpillars

Caterpillars are made from simple tires. For this purpose, they are cut in half, connected and riveted with metal plates. This track has low ground pressure and high flotation. For better adhesion to the ground, lugs are mounted outside from metal pipes welded to the canvas.

Other mechanisms

Masters often use a device from a GAZ-53 truck as a checkpoint, the clutch is removed from the GAZ-52.

The installation of the chassis will be facilitated by the use of the ready-made rear axle of the Volga GAZ-21, but it will have to be shortened to 800 mm and the rivets on the fixing stockings removed.

How to choose?

For a miniature unit, a special dump will be needed - a special device, with its help the snow mass can be moved in the desired direction, for example, to the edge of the roadway. To work with such equipment, you need to remember that this kind of equipment must fully fit the machine, be slightly wider than it, and have the correct weight ratio. You can also pick up a special brush for high-quality cleaning of sticky snow. Using it, you can easily clean the surface of the road or your site, if the snow cover is not more than 3-5 cm.

In winter, it is recommended to put a snow blower on the unit. This equipment will be able to help remove packed snow in any place. At the same time, the height of the cover cannot be higher than the parameters of the clearance and the rotor of the unit used, most often this type of equipment copes with a layer of snow of 45-50 cm. A special spreader for sand or reagents can be a good purchase. In a short period of time and with a minimum of effort, you can sprinkle the area and the road next to it, saving them from ice.

When buying a miniature tractor, it is better to opt for a unit that has four-wheel drive, because it is he who will allow you to overcome any high or complicated climbs in winter. Four-wheel drive will come in handy in the summer. In addition, when buying, it is worth clarifying the presence of a lot of other interesting things - a cabin with heating, the presence of lighting devices for working in the dark.

If in winter such a machine can be actively used for cleaning snow drifts, then in summer it will be even more useful. When planting, caring for and harvesting crops, you can easily unleash the potential of this versatile assistant, which can work with special attachments. When purchasing units for home use, you need to clearly understand for what purposes they will be useful to you.

If you want to use them to get rid of snow blockages, if you need to dig trenches or transport building materials - then you need a unit with a capacity of 20 horsepower or more.

Particular attention should be paid to the size of the special equipment. The mini-tractor should move around the site without any problems, not touch the bushes and trees, easily drive into the garage

A technical feature such as the radius of a possible turn is also extremely important.Remember that while operating the tractor, you must be as careful as possible for the greater safety of those around you, buildings and existing plantings.

Table and description of individual traction classes of industrial equipment

Below is a diagram of the classification of industrial, forestry and forestry tractors, taking into account the engine power and the calculated rated thrust class.

A peculiarity of forestry equipment is not the expediency of using equipment below 0.6 traction class for this task, but for industrial work tractors below class 2.

Another feature of these units is the use of a full-drive wheelbase with equal wheels, or a tracked base. A "full-fledged" industrial tractor appears in the 4th traction class, this is due primarily to the severity of the work performed and not least to the unevenness of the loads and their different sign-changing values. Industrial and forestry tractors are used for:

• logging works
• transportation
• preparation of lands freed from forests for plowing
• preparation of soil for construction work
• digging trenches
• drilling
• laying of water supply systems, communication systems, power supply systems
• development of soils containing minerals
• technological processes in metallurgical and chemical industries, nuclear power
• carrying out works in the city utilities, and to eliminate trunk problems

Domestic manufacturers of this class of machinery include OJSC Alttrak - Altai Tractor Plant, OJSC Volgograd Tractor Plant, OJSC Promtraktor, LLC ChTZ - Uraltrak.

Caterpillar

The track can be fitted with open and closed hinges. In the open circuit, the links are connected to each other by fingers inserted into the holes. The links do not undergo machining and are lightweight. The pin is thermally treated and has an increased surface hardness. On the one hand, it is equipped with a head that prevents it from falling into the hole made in the link. The other side is equipped with a groove or hole for installing a retainer (spring washer or cotter pin).

An alternative solution is a closed pivot track. The links of such a device are made by casting with subsequent machining. It is possible to use compound links assembled from several elements. The closed hinge is durable, but special tooling is required to disassemble the assembly.

The engagement of the caterpillar and the drive sprocket is carried out using a trowel, which is an eyelet or a special bushing. When moving, the sprocket tooth rests against them.

Steel tracks destroy the road surface, which contributes to the appearance of rubber-metal structures. The strength of such a caterpillar is lower, so they are used to equip wheeled tractors.

Advantages and disadvantages of using a mini tractor on the farm

The advantages of this type of agricultural machinery can be considered:

A wide range of realizable tasks: loosening, cultivation, plowing, hilling of plots of land, harvesting and sowing crops, garbage disposal, cleaning leaves, snow removal opportunities and much more.
Increased traction achieved by the tracked travel system.
It is difficult not to note the evenness of the minitractor stroke due to its specific feature - the caterpillar track, capable not only of overcoming the most difficult terrain sections, but also of a soft ride.
Low ground pressure due to the large tractor area compared to wheels

It is from this that the land is not pressed, which is quite important when plowing.
Few track tracks .. Advantages of the mini tractor

Advantages of a mini tractor

The disadvantages of such technical devices are the following points:

• Low speed: often a mini tractor is not capable of speeds exceeding 10 km / h.
• Significant fuel consumption. The motor is high-torque, powerful, and, therefore, gluttonous.
• Lack of soundproofing. A high-quality mitractor, however, the noise insulation is quite low, almost equated to zero.
• The inability to operate a caterpillar mini-tractor as a wheeled vehicle on public roads and highways, in contrast to Kubot, Bulat, Yanmar, Belarus 132n, Scout