Advantages and disadvantages
Unlike automobile engines, a diesel engine has only one cylinder per walk-behind tractor, but at the same time all aspects of operation are practically the same. This option is suitable for small agricultural machinery, it is being used more and more often due to a number of advantages:
- Fuel consumption is several times lower than that of gasoline engines. Considering that the equipment works for a long time, at least 50% of money is saved every hour. Consumption per hour is from 200 to 500 ml, which is very small.
- By running on a lean mixture, the exhaust gases are less toxic, and the environmental damage is lower.
- Grip is better due to the greater mass of the walk-behind tractor. And the high torque at low revs delivers more power. The 10-horsepower version is comparable in performance to the 18-horsepower gasoline counterparts.
- Motors carry loads much better and last longer. The rpm is lower, due to which all moving parts wear less.
- It is more convenient to work with a diesel engine as it moves more slowly during plowing, planting and other agricultural work.
There are disadvantages that must also be considered when choosing. To understand all the aspects, you need to understand them, only then decide whether a diesel engine is suitable for a walk-behind tractor or not:
- The cost is on average 2-3 times higher. This is the biggest disadvantage, as the costs will increase significantly.
- The motor is an order of magnitude noisier, more vibration is generated during operation, since it is rigidly attached to the frame.
- High requirements for fuel quality. It is better not to pour diesel fuel of unknown origin, the consumption is small, you can use a high-quality option.
- It is much more difficult to start in cold weather. Engines for walk-behind tractors do not have a glow plug, so they cannot be preheated.
- The weight is much higher. But you don't need to transfer the equipment, so this aspect is only important when buying and assembling.
Advice! Do not take options without a starter. Starting a diesel engine from the handle is much harder than a gasoline unit, a large application of forces is needed, there is a danger of injury, since the handle is often knocked back due to compression.
Diesel engines are more preferable if the equipment will be used for a long time, and the area of the site is large - from 10 acres. For small summer cottages, a petrol-powered cultivator is enough. All the advantages are relevant only for high-quality assembled units, you should not be led at a low price.
Two-cylinder engine - device and principle of operation
Diesels and two-cylinder carburetor engines differ among themselves by the methods of supplying the working mixture to the cylinders and the process of its ignition. The basic principle of operation of a diesel engine is to supply fuel via injectors directly to the cylinder at the end of the stroke.
Due to these physical processes in the engine cylinder, the fuel self-ignites and does not require artificial ignition. Thus, the design of a diesel engine does not provide for the presence of candles and, in general, the entire ignition system. To ensure more efficient operation of such devices, a battery fuel system, an electronic pump and a cleaning system are used, the use of which reduces the overall level of noise, vibration and emissions.
Among the variety of diesel engines, the two-cylinder engine has many advantages. Among them, it should be noted the high efficiency of the fuel used, the compact and reliable design, high torque and very quiet operation. To reduce vibration, a double balancing axle can be used for quieter operation of the diesel engine.
Replacing the motor
Often, the owner replaces the engine on the walk-behind tractor not because of a malfunction, but because of the desire to get more powerful equipment.
This process will require considerable knowledge, skills and special tools. When replacing motors from different manufacturers, the holes for the mounts may not match, for the compatibility of which the corresponding adapters are used or new holes are made with a drill. If you doubt the final result, then it is better to contact the masters.
It should be borne in mind that the power of the new motor may not coincide with the mass of the entire unit, after which the walk-behind tractor will slip when using a device with heavy loads. If this discrepancy is revealed, the chassis and gearbox will be replaced, and subsequently you can get a technique that cannot cope with its direct responsibilities in full.
The withdrawal process is as follows:
- Disconnecting the protection casing, loosening the belt and crankshaft bolts, removing the pulley.
- Removing the air purification filter and gas cable.
- Remove the four bolts securing the motor.
What kind of oil to pour into Neva walk-behind tractors
The quality of the lubricant in the walk-behind tractor gradually decreases and becomes unusable. Along with this process, engine wear occurs. To prevent the process of wear, it is necessary to change the lubricant mixtures in a timely manner. The instructions contain the recommended brand and its quantity. When buying, it is necessary to take into account the level of its viscosity, the classification of quality. For the Neva walk-behind tractor, you need to purchase oil in the gearbox and in the engine.
Motoblock Neva is equipped with different motors. They require different brands and manufacturers of lubricants. They should be filled into the engine, taking into account the viscosity and category. For example, the Neva MB-2 walk-behind tractor is equipped with an American Briggs (Bridge) engine, the MB-23 is produced on the basis of Honda engines.
If a device with a Honda engine is purchased for a land plot, you can fill it with SAE 10W-30 grade in summer and winter. The same universal tool is suitable for the Lifan engine. Subaru produces lubricant for its equipment itself. With a Subaru engine, you need to buy lubricant from the same company. Her brand is Ow20. It is suitable for winter and summer operating conditions of the motor. It is permissible to fill in 5w-30 from the same manufacturer instead.
The Briggs & Stratton engine is filled with SAE 10W-30 summer engine oil. SAE 5W-30 is suitable for winter conditions. Its consumption is higher than that of other motors, so the level should be checked more often. If necessary, the lubricant is added to the norm.
The gearbox is an important part of the walk-behind tractor. For proper operation, it is necessary to fill the gearbox of the Neva walk-behind tractor with good quality oil, periodically replace it. These oils include TEP-15 and TM-5. Its volume is 2.2 liters. The spent liquid in a hot state is drained through a special hole and poured fresh. These types are suitable for MB-1 devices. When replacing, the unit is installed in a vertical position, a container is placed under it for draining the mining.
If the walk-behind tractor is rarely used for work, the replacement is done at least once every two years. The Neva MB-2 unit needs to be filled with TAP-15V oil; instead, you can use the TAD-17I brand.
You need to know when the oil changes. You need to check the level of the newly purchased unit. Some walk-behind tractors are sold without lubricants. If necessary, you can add oil and run in the device for 20-25 hours. Then the replacement is done after 100-250 hours. The terms are indicated in the instructions.
How much to fill
Most of the motoblocks on the Russian market are equipped with engines of the HondaGX family, their Chinese clones, or similar Subaru-Robin engines in design.
For a single full filling of such an engine with oil, no more than 0.6 liters of oil will be required - which is why such a packaging volume is popular with manufacturers. More powerful modifications of these motors can hold a liter or more of oil.
A number of motors, the design of which includes an additional reduction gear, have a separate space for lubrication.
Features of choice
In the process of choosing an engine for a walk-behind tractor, you need to be very careful, because the ability of the equipment to cope with the tasks assigned to it depends on this unit.
Among the points to which you need to pay attention are the following
Conditions in which this unit will be used
Here, the climatic factor is of no small importance, because in too hot and dry weather the engine must be constantly cooled so as not to fail.
A universal type of installation, which is important for installation on an existing walk-behind tractor. It should be noted that not all gasoline or diesel units can be installed on any walk-behind tractor.
The resource of the power plant, which is usually declared by manufacturers
If the device is used exclusively at home, then you can choose conventional motors.
Among the technical points to which attention should be paid are the following. The presence of the oil level control sensor
It should be noted that almost all modern engines are equipped with a similar sensor, with the exception of ultra-budget Chinese versions. The presence of such an indicator greatly extends the operational capabilities of the engine, because the user can change the oil in a timely manner
The presence of the oil level control sensor. It should be noted that almost all modern engines are equipped with a similar sensor, with the exception of ultra-budget Chinese versions. The presence of such an indicator greatly extends the operational capabilities of the engine, because the user can change the oil in a timely manner.
Most of the Chinese models that are presented in the domestic market have a built-in speed controller. Its main work lies in the fact that in the process of changing the load, this mechanism automatically determines the optimal torque. This has a positive effect on the production efficiency and durability of the walk-behind tractor. In addition, thanks to this, it is possible to significantly save fuel. That is why it is best to choose gasoline or diesel power units that are equipped with a similar regulator.
Engines that are equipped with an automatic clutch are also very popular. Their distinctive advantage lies in the fact that they use exceptional wear-resistant materials that can cope with overheating and weathering for a long time. It is recommended to buy such equipment if work will be carried out on a large territory or in conditions of heavy soils. But for the processing of a private agricultural area or a small garden, you can use compact Chinese units, which are notable for their low cost. It is the affordable price that makes such power plants available to every person.
It is best to choose engines that are equipped with a two-valve drive. For example, motors manufactured by Lifan boast a universal air cooling system, which is of great importance for such units.
