How to choose a pneumatic impact wrench

Characteristics and varieties

The main field of activity of nutrunners is rightfully the unscrewing of wheel bolts and nuts, and this tool is bought, as a rule, for such tasks. There are several drive options that are optimally suited for tire fitting work, each of which has its own qualities, advantages and disadvantages. It is worth considering the main types of impact wrenches and finding out at what points one device will win over another.

Electric

This is one of the most sought after impact wrenches for home use. It is also called network or wired. It operates on a 220 volt mains voltage, is lightweight and has excellent tightening force. The maneuverability of such a device is due to the length of the wire connected to the electrical outlet. In most cases, corded car wrenches are purchased for individual use, but can be practiced in small car repair shops as well.

Electric nutrunners have an average degree of reliability, since they are equipped with many small electronic elements that are most prone to breakage. The quality of the toolkit is directly dependent on the manufacturer and, therefore, cost. Even the most inexpensive wired devices have enough torque to loosen and tighten the nuts on the wheels of a passenger car.

Rechargeable

This type of wrench can also be called a network wrench, but it functions from a voltage of 12 V. This is the most maneuverable and quick wrench type that does not need any connections to work. Modern attachments have the superior torque needed to reliably unscrew wheel fasteners in passenger cars and trucks. The battery potential of individual nutrunners makes it possible to dismantle and install a set of wheels on a KamAZ vehicle. The characteristics of these devices are somewhat lower than those of wired ones, since a battery is added to the total set of elements, which is prone to failure.

Pneumatic

Pneumatic versions are wear resistant and have excellent torque parameters. They cannot be called maneuverable due to the need for a permanent connection to the compressor unit. These devices are used in activities that require frequent use, for example, in a service station or in industrial workshops. It is appropriate to buy a pneumatic impact wrench for domestic use when you have the necessary equipment (compressor unit).

The service life of a pneumatic tool depends on the wear resistance of the attachment components. A one-piece wrench with an aluminum housing will take significantly more impacts and last longer than an electric wrench. These units are easy to maintain and repair, since they contain a minimum number of elements in their structure.

Hydraulic

It is a serious stationary toolbox with great precision and tremendous torque. Hydraulic models are practiced in industrial production when working with large fixture products. This sample is not used as a tire changer.

Manual mechanical

The manual device is the most multifunctional, since it does not require electric energy, fuel or compressor stations to function - the worker's muscular strength is enough. A manual wrench is one of those devices that greatly facilitate fastening work.The principle of operation of the device is based on the transmission of torque through a differential gearbox. To fix the head to the shaft, both the chuck itself and the head attachment can be used. Manual rotation of the drive shaft is facilitated many times by the gearbox, therefore, when unscrewing the nut, you only need to apply a little effort, as for the reverse process.

A manual wrench is a tool that is indispensable for long-range drivers and makes it possible to easily remove a wheel in the event of force majeure far from settlements. Chauffeurs call this tool a meat grinder because of the external resemblance and the identical method of putting it into operation.

Impact sockets for impact wrenches

Socket heads are used to work with threaded connections, nuts and bolts in the tool. They are fixed in a chuck or spindle and transmit torque to the fastener. Standard heads have a cylindrical shape with a square or multi-faceted recess.

The main difference between the impulse impact head and the base head is the presence of a through hole for the pin. The presence of an additional hole is necessary for fastening to the impact version of the nutrunner, which is used in work with increased load and is able to unscrew tight fasteners.

The main aspects of choosing for tire fitting

An electric impact wrench is best suited for use in a garage. This device will not “weaken” at the most important moment and will function as long as there is voltage in the power outlet. In order to choose a tool and remain satisfied with your own choice, one must not forget a number of basic conditions, on which the functional potentials of the adaptation depend.

• Power. Of course, as the working life of the motor grows, so does the functionality of the tool. The power of professional devices is capable of reaching 1300 W, which is quite enough for unscrewing the connecting bolts of construction lifting mechanisms or for mounting truck wheels.
• The tightening torque or torque that plays a decisive role when purchasing a tool. The parameters of the limiting torque make it possible to set and accurately calculate the time that needs to be spent on tightening the nuts with the established characteristics. When determining the required torque, the main thing is not to overdo it. Often, amateurs and experts with experience applied the operational characteristics of the devices to the maximum and tightened the nuts on the machines more than required, which in the process of unscrewing led to damage to the equipment and cutting off the threads. Establishing the ideal torque requires a clear understanding of the objectives that will later be defined for the nutrunner.

• The number of revolutions per minute or the speed of free rotation. Modern modifications of wrenches are capable of reaching 2700–3200 rpm, which is optimal for operating wrenches in your own garage, car service, on a construction site, and so on.
• The material used for the production of the fixture. Experts recommend purchasing impact wrenches with an iron body, the handle of which is equipped with a rubber pad that reduces vibration during tool operation. At the moment, manufacturers offer devices equipped with rubber inserts along the entire length of the shell, which largely makes it possible to eliminate vibration. The latest generation attachments, created according to innovative technological schemes, are equipped with illumination, electronic speed control and an option that guarantees an instant stop of the wrench.
• Company manufacturer.To simplify the process of contacting technical service centers, as a result of the failure of the tools you purchased or the need for preventive maintenance, professionals recommend purchasing tools made by firms that have positively shown themselves in the market.

Do not forget about the auxiliary capabilities that increase the comfort of working with the tools.

• Impact mechanism. The impact wrench can be both shock-free and percussion. An impact tool can be useful when tightening critical fastening material, in particular, car wheel nuts, where significant effort is required both when tightening and unscrewing. A bumpless device will not cope with such a mission.
• Adjusting the tightening force. It is not advisable to disdain this option. For example, if it is necessary to tighten nuts with a "delicate" thread, then without a force regulator, they can be ripped off in a second. Additionally, a torque wrench with adjustable tightening torque makes it possible to proportionally tighten the connections, which is important when installing automotive heads.
• Gearbox modification. Not every time a nutrunner in the form of a pistol makes it possible to solve all problems during repair and installation work. Sometimes the fastening element can be located in areas that are difficult to reach for the "pistol-like" type of aggregates. In this regard, a circular device is usually used for such moments.
• Integrated lighting. This is a rather comfortable addition to the device, especially when repairing a car.

How to choose the right wrench, see below.

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Peculiarities

Modern models of nutrunners have the ability to adjust the torque, tightening torque and shaft switching, which greatly facilitates and speeds up the work with bolts and nuts. In most models, the air pressure is about 6.2-6.5 atmospheres, with average air flow rates - from 500 to 1300 liters per minute.

Impact tool heads are available in standard or extended lengths. It can also have 4,6 or 12 faces. Impact heads are made of chrome-molybdenum or chrome vanadium, the former have much greater strength.

The body of an air impact wrench is usually made of composite materials and combines a durable metal with a rubberized coating to prevent hands from slipping.

Which pneumatic impact wrench do you use?

Straight Angular

Criterias of choice

In order for the wrench to perform the necessary list of everyday tasks, you should choose it taking into account a number of indicators. The main requirements for the selection are technical characteristics, design features and convenience in everyday use.

Technical specifications

Regardless of the type of impact wrench, certain technical characteristics are inherent in it. The list of important parameters includes:

• limiting power;
• the number of speeds and the ability to adjust the rotation speed;
• the possibility of autonomous functioning;
• maximum number of revolutions and frequency of beats per minute.

Also, when buying equipment, you need to pay attention to the package bundle. In addition may include: battery, charger, technical documentation, storage case and warranty card

Design features

Different models of equipment have individual advantages and design features. In particular:

1. The presence of a reverse used to loosen the nuts. Most of the standard versions are only twistable due to the lack of a reverse rotation function.
2. A tightening regulator that automatically determines the moment of sufficient tightening of the element with a minimum error.
3. Angle head, in the presence of which it becomes possible to fix bolts and nuts on the side surfaces. Corner models are characterized by compact dimensions and minimum tightening torque.

Ease of use

For permanent use of the purchased tool in the garage, you should check in advance how convenient it is. So that the operation does not create difficulties, the weight of the equipment should be minimal. The weight of the nutrunner is affected by the presence of additional elements, including movable seals, pusher, hinges, and others. Simplified designs with low weight and sufficient resources for everyday household tasks are extremely easy to use.

How to choose a wrench

When choosing a wrench, one must first of all proceed from the nature of the work to be done, its volume, the size of the fasteners and other parameters of the operational plan. If you plan to purchase an instrument for personal use, then it is most logical to choose electrical samples. Pneumatic or hydraulic systems are not available to everyone, they are usually available in production and are designed to simultaneously power a large number of tools. The purchase of a power tool is much more economical and allows you to get started without any preparation.

The second step is to determine the optimal tool size and power. Typically, technical devices have a certain set of fasteners that fit into the framework of one model of a wrench. For example, for a small auto repair shop, it is sufficient to purchase a cordless wrench, since excessive force creates the risk of thread breakage, which is fraught with lengthy repair work. Consideration should be given to parameters such as body material, additional handles, tool weight and configuration — all factors that affect comfort and productivity.

The final choice of a specific model is made by comparing the characteristics of the tools available for sale and your own wishes. The most suitable in terms of parameters will be the best option.

For household work, it is better to purchase an electric wrench

Most impact wrenches used in small workshops or in the home are electric cordless or cordless devices. This is due to the availability, self-sufficiency of tools that do not need additional equipment and an energy supply system. The most popular models, their advantages are shown in the figure below.

Comparative table of impact wrenches from different manufacturers

Comparison table of wrenches

The data from the table will help you choose the most suitable tool for a specific job.

Types of tools

An impact wrench is a hand tool that allows you to repair and service the machine yourself. At the same time, it is difficult to determine which of them will be the best specifically in your case. Today manufacturers offer the widest range of impact wrenches, which have a different drive, size, principle of operation and other characteristics.

Yes, you can go to the store and buy something from the range of leading auto tool manufacturers such as:

• Interskol;
• Bison;
• Bosch;
• Dewalt;
• Hitachi;
• Jonnesway;
• Hilty.

But here you are asked what kind of device you need. And what is your answer? One that can be screwed in and out of the nuts? No, that will not do. We will expand our horizons and get acquainted with the existing types of impact wrenches.

Let's go guys!

All existing wrenches are divided into several types:

• rechargeable;
• hydraulic;
• pneumatic;
• electric.

Yes, there is also a mechanical unit designed to work only due to muscle strength. But it is not powerful enough and energy-consuming. It is difficult to work with him, because this is some kind of meat grinder with a similar principle of operation.You need to rotate the handle with your hand and hope that your strength is enough to move the tightly rusted thread. Therefore, I see no reason to consider such a version of the wrench.

But let's go over the rest separately.

Rechargeable

Their main characteristic and advantage is autonomy. No connection to wires, cables or hoses is required. This allows you to work in remote areas and not depend on outlets.

A good option for minor repairs. It does not allow you to work on a single charge for too long, but if you are not going to use it for hours, it will be enough for several basic tasks.

The shock-impulse principle of operation gives excellent results. When choosing a battery model, rely on several characteristics:

• Torque. Its maximum value indicates the effectiveness of the tool. Sold in the range from 100 to 500 Nm. The higher the indicator, the more complex nuts the tool can handle;
• Capacity and voltage. Very important data for the battery type. Determine productivity and battery life;
• If the head is an impact head, look at the frequency of those impacts. The average is 3000 beats per minute. Impact models are the most productive because the spin is created from powerful impacts. This increases the torque;
• Battery. The more powerful the device is, the heavier the battery will be.

Attached to them instructions for use, in which you will not find anything complicated.

Electrical

An electric or network impact wrench has a high performance. Therefore, it is often used in large industries. The power is higher than the previous version, but the mobility is lower.

It is an impact wrench with a huge torque (KM). They work on twisting and unscrewing, which is often necessary for craftsmen. When choosing, rely on:

• torque;
• dimensions of the used cartridge;
• dimensions of fasteners.

For light work, an M16 and about 250 Nm will be enough, and for complex operations, an M600 and about 600 Nm will be required. For trucks - about 1000 Nm and fasteners for M30.

Pneumatic

Pneumatic is most often used at service stations and car services. Has an excellent tightening torque, quickly completes the assigned tasks, unscrews and tightens fasteners.

Looks like a pistol with a trigger. A compressor is connected through a hose, and air is supplied to the wrench. It is better to choose a device in a metal case than in a plastic one.

It functions by compressed air supplying force to the head. With the help of a special screw, the master regulates the supply of compressed air, which simplifies the operation. An air wrench has a number of advantages:

A great option for those looking for a lightweight and easy-to-use device. This is confirmed by the reviews of the owners of such impact wrenches. Jacked up the car and got to work.

Hydraulic

An important advantage and distinctive feature is the ability to control the parameters of the CM. A hydraulic pump and a distributor act as a drive.

The hydraulic cylinders of the devices develop forces from the translational movements of the installed pistons, which are converted into CM. It is transmitted using a ratchet wheel.

Such impact wrenches have the highest torque, surpassing all competitors and reaching several tens of thousands of units. In a garage, there is no need for such a tool.

Is it safe?

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What is a pneumatic impact wrench?

The main purpose of this device is to tighten or unscrew bolted connections. It is analogous to a mains or cordless tool, but the rotor is driven by compressed air, which is why the pneumatic wrench gun necessarily works in tandem with the compressor device. The absence of a built-in electric motor allows it to be operated in dusty and humid conditions.

How does a pneumatic impact wrench work?

Outwardly, this tool resembles a hand drill with a handle and a barrel, but instead of a chuck, it is equipped with a nut clamping attachment. Let's describe in general terms an approximate device of a pneumatic nutrunner:

• pneumatic motor;
• impact mechanism;
• spindle;
• reverse mode switch and tightening torque regulator;
• starting device;
• fitting for connecting the compressor device;
• valve.

Working principle of pneumatic impact wrench

This device has two main power units - an air motor that converts air pressure into rotation of the head with a nozzle, and a hammer assembly. The device operates according to the following simple principle:

1. There are two channels in the body of the pneumatic nutrunner. To turn on the tool, a button is pressed that opens the valve. Pressurized air flows through the first channel, rotating the turbine.
2. Professional pneumatic impact wrenches and amateur tools have a reversing switch. To change the direction of rotation of the turbine in the opposite direction, air is supplied by means of a valve through another channel.
3. The impact mechanism is triggered when the main torque is not enough to loosen the thread.
4. The pneumatic torque wrench is needed to work with fasteners of different diameters to prevent thread stripping. Using the limiter, the locksmith sets the maximum torque value.

Criterias of choice

Now, briefly about how to choose the right option. There are several criteria to rely on here.

• Power. The higher it is, the more difficult the tasks can be completed. Professional ones have power up to 1300 W;
• Torque. A very high parameter is not needed for car repair, otherwise you can only do harm. Usually, devices with a torque from 160 to 600 Nm are used;
• Turnovers. Affect the speed of rotation and operation of the selected tool. If you need to twist-twist a lot and often, choose models with high speeds;
• Shock or unstressed. Unstressed are used by beginners and such a system is available on the cheapest devices. The drums are better and more powerful, so I would recommend taking them.

Rely solely on the tasks you have to accomplish. There is no need to chase expensive and powerful impact wrenches, because in the real conditions of servicing your car, these parameters will turn out to be prohibitively high, and you will not be able to work normally.

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