How to cook a mushroom properly?
It is suitable for pickling and salting, it is also boiled and dried. Cooking is not difficult, the main thing is to collect only young specimens, and to use exactly the hats for cooking. In older mushrooms, the flesh becomes too tough and inedible.
Primary processing before cooking
Since the mushroom does not grow on the ground, but on wood, its surface is usually clean. The legs should be cut and discarded and washed.
Cooking
The spatula is boiled in salted water for 30 minutes. After such processing, it can be added to stews or other dishes, cook soup with it. Sawwood goes well with meat.
Pickling
A marinade is prepared for boiled mushrooms. For 1 liter of water you will need:
- 1 tbsp. l. salt;
- 1 tbsp. l. Sahara;
- 1 laurel leaf;
- 3 carnation buds;
- 2 tsp vinegar;
- horseradish and currant leaves if desired;
- 3 cloves of garlic, minced.
All this is placed in a saucepan with water and put on the fire, after boiling mushrooms are poured into it, boiled for another 15 minutes. Then the sleepers are laid out on the banks, poured with marinade, closed with lids. Store them in the refrigerator on the bottom shelf.
Salting
Pre-boiled mushrooms are also used for her. After decanting from excess water, the saw-leaves are placed in a prepared container in layers, which are sprinkled with salt and favorite spices. It can be garlic, sweet peas, bay leaves, cloves and others.
Then everything is covered with gauze in several layers and pressed with a load. Mushrooms are salted for 40 days, while it is periodically necessary to rinse the fabric or lay a new one to avoid blooming. A week after the start of the process, the mushrooms should be completely covered with juice, if this has not happened, you need to increase the load or add salt water (1 liter - 2 tablespoons of salt).
At the end, the mushrooms should be laid out in jars, pour the remaining space with brine and put the product in a dark, cool place.
Drying
For her, the mushrooms also need to be boiled first, and then, laid out on a baking sheet, dried in the oven or airfryer. To make the process go faster, the caps should be cut into smaller pieces and periodically turned over. Drying will take at least 5 hours.
The spore mushroom is not common, so it is rarely harvested and eaten, but it is not considered poisonous. And in some countries it even refers to medicinal ones. It has no particular taste value, and is often referred to as the third or fourth group.
Whether or not to collect scaly saw leaves - everyone decides for himself, but if there are mushrooms in the forest that are tastier and healthier, then it is better to pay attention to them
How does the furrowed saw leaf look
Sawfoot furrowed is difficult to confuse with other representatives of the mushroom kingdom. Since it has an unforgettable appearance, it is impossible to pass by it. To find out it, you should look at the photo and get acquainted with the external data.
Description of the hat
The cap is small, it can reach 4 cm in diameter. In young specimens, it contains a convex shape, as it grows, it gradually straightens, leaving a small dent in the very center. The surface is covered with orange or ocher brown skin. With age, the edges become discolored and become light yellow in color. The skin is dry, slightly rough to the touch, covered with a scaly pattern.
The layer below is formed by frequent, whitish plates. In adult specimens, they are dark, and the edges become serrated or sawtooth. White or coffee pulp is dense, fleshy; if damaged, the color does not change. Reproduction occurs by elongated spores, which are in a white powder.
Leg description
The cylindrical leg can reach a height of 3 to 15 cm, the size depends on the place of growth.The surface is covered with a dirty gray or creamy skin, with countless brown scales visible at the very base. The pulp is tough and fibrous.
Saw-leaf, Lentinus lepideus
Hat: With a diameter of 3-12 cm, fleshy, hemispherical or convex in young mushrooms, gradually opens and becomes thinner with age, acquiring a complex “convex-depressed” shape, often with uneven edges. The color of the cap is from off-white to equally dirty brown, the surface is dry, covered with velvety large scales, only slightly darker than the cap. The flesh of the cap is light, thick, very elastic, in old specimens it is dry, with a pleasant mushroom smell.
Hymenophore: The plates are deeply descending, relatively sparse, of medium width, cap color or somewhat lighter. A characteristic feature is the presence of noticeable "teeth" on the plates, which gave the name to the whole genus Sawfoot.
Spore powder: White.
Leg: Central or eccentric, often curved and thinned at the base, length and thickness vary greatly depending on growing conditions (thickness 1-3 cm, length 2-10 cm). The flesh of the leg is fibrous, very firm and dry.
Spreading: Occurs from mid-July to mid-September on the remains of conifers, not least on treated wood (sleepers, poles, etc. - it is no coincidence that the scaly leaf was called the “sleeper mushroom”), as a rule, rarely and not abundantly - one at a time specimen, less often in small groups. Fruit bodies develop slowly, decorating trunks and pillars with their presence for a long time. Destroying the processed wood of sleepers and poles, the mushroom is said to be of great national economic importance.
Similar species: Given the nature of its growth, it is very difficult to confuse Lentinus lepideus with any species other than closely related ones. (Although the author, for example, managed to confuse it with destructive flake, but this is simply from an excess of imagination and practical laziness.) The tiger saw-leaf (Lentinus tigrinus) is smaller, differs in a funnel-shaped cap and usually grows in aggregates.
Edibility: At a young age, they write, the mushroom is quite edible. A pleasant smell, of course, in a sense is conducive to experiments, but first you need to find these “young specimens”.
Author's notes: I have a rather strange embarrassment associated with the scaly leaf. Seeing a large, shaggy, whitish mushroom on a neighbor's pillar, erected only quite recently, for some reason I decided that I was seeing destructive flakes, which are all too often found in the Venevsky district; saw, and instead of critically comprehending what he saw, he composed a story that careless electricians put poplar instead of the ordered pine (or spruce) pillar, having cut down a random tree in the trash heap, and the mushroom gave them away. The story may be spectacular, but completely unreliable, and worse, easily verifiable: the refutation is pecked out by itself after the first clean glance at the photograph of the “scale”. Of course, this is a real sleeper mushroom, which means that the electricians suffered feuilleton criticism in vain. The pillar for our neighbors was really coniferous - the mushroom won't lie. That's how a person would be.
The wire on the right adds technogenicity to the picture. A sleeper-and-pillar mushroom, a scaly leaf-leaf, rose on a practically new electric pole, and stayed in a relatively unchanged form for a good month, and then suddenly disappeared somewhere overnight. Presumably, the nerves of the neighbors could not stand it - apparently, they have met little "eternal" mushrooms so far. And Lentinus lepideus is one of those, and the epithet “edible at a young age” can actually mean that it should be collected only in the first three days out of thirty possible.
Growing up on a decent substrate, not on a post or fence, Neolentinus lepideus looks quite respectable, more like some very large scale.
When put in a research perspective, the scaly sawfoot demonstrates all the qualities of a strong mushroom, ready to overcome any difficulties on the way to a great goal. Here and scaly, and serration of the plates; the sleeper firmness of the pulp is not visible, but, undoubtedly, it is guessed.
By old age (and it can last indefinitely), the scaly saw-leaf becomes coarse, hardened, showing with all its appearance that it is not going to surrender to the inexorable time without a fight. At such a moment, it is easy to not recognize it, or even confuse it from a distance with some kind of flake.
The same pillar, the same mushroom. “Eternity, summer”. In this state, it can really be mistaken for some kind of flake, if you don't look too closely when passing by.
Sawfoil furrowed (Lentinus reddish, Heliocybe sulcata) how it looks, where and how it grows,
Sawfoot furrowed (Lentinus reddish): photo and description
Sawfoot furrowed - an inedible representative of the Proliporov family. This species is a single specimen of the genus Heliocybe. The fungus is considered a saprophyte and is placed on dry or rotten wood. The species is considered rare, therefore, in certain regions of Russia, it is listed in the Red Book.
How does the furrowed saw leaf look
Sawfoot furrowed is difficult to confuse with other representatives of the mushroom kingdom. Since it has an unforgettable appearance, it is impossible to pass by it. To find out it, you should look at the photo and get acquainted with the external data.
Description of the hat
The cap is small, it can reach 4 cm in diameter. In young specimens, it contains a convex shape, as it grows, it gradually straightens, leaving a small dent in the very center. The surface is covered with orange or ocher brown skin. With age, the edges become discolored and become light yellow in color. The skin is dry, slightly rough to the touch, covered with a scaly pattern.
The layer below is formed by frequent, whitish plates. In adult specimens, they are dark, and the edges become serrated or sawtooth. White or coffee pulp is dense, fleshy; if damaged, the color does not change. Reproduction occurs by elongated spores, which are in a white powder.
Leg description
The cylindrical leg can reach a height of 3 to 15 cm, the size depends on the place of growth. The surface is covered with a dirty gray or creamy skin, with countless brown scales visible at the very base. The pulp is tough and fibrous.
Where and how it grows
This specimen prefers to grow on a woody substrate, dry, decaying deciduous wood. Sometimes the species can be found on conifers and living trees, it causes brown rot on them. Sawfoot can grow on damp, damaged trees and on dry, recycled planks.
Eat a mushroom or not
The fruit body has not been studied at all, however, due to the lack of taste and smell, the species is considered inedible. Thus, in order not to harm your own health, you must pass by extraneous specimens.
Doubles and their differences
Because of the original external data, it is difficult to confuse the sawfoot with other species. However, the Piloporov family has edible colleagues:
- Tiger is a conditionally edible forest dweller that grows on rotten wood. You can recognize it by a light gray hat with dark brown scales and a slightly curved cylindrical leg. The pulp is tasteless and odorless.
- Scaly - this specimen belongs to the 4th group of edibility. Grows on dry, rotten deciduous wood. The pulp is fleshy, with a pronounced mushroom taste and smell. The fungus can often be found on telegraph poles and sleepers. However, if this representative is used for cooking, one must not forget that mushroom picking must be carried out in ecologically clean places, far from highways and railway tracks.
Fun facts about furrowed sawfoot
In the scientific literature about furrowed sawfoot, you can find out funny facts. For example:
- The fruit body is never prone to rotting processes.
- With age, the mushroom does not rot, but dries.
- The dried mushroom can recover and continue to develop when the moisture rises.
- In certain regions of Russia, this copy is listed in the Red Book.
- The pattern on the hat resembles a sun with rays, so it is quite difficult to confuse the mushroom with other inhabitants of the forest.
Conclusion
Sawfoot furrowed is an inedible forest inhabitant that grows on dry and living trees, from May to the first frost. Thanks to its attractive pattern, the mushroom is very popular with mushroom photographers. Therefore, when you meet him, it is better not to touch him and pass by after the photo session.
Sawfoot (Heliocybe sulcata)
Description
Hat: 1-4 centimeters in diameter, usually about two centimeters. There is information that under favorable conditions it can grow up to 4.5 cm in diameter. In youth, convex, hemispherical, then flat-convex, flat, depressed in the center with age. The color is orange, reddish, ocher, orange-brown, darker in the center. With age, the edge of the cap can fade to a yellowish, yellowish-whitish color, the middle remains darker and more contrasting. The surface of the cap is dry, slightly rough to the touch, covered with brown, dark brown scales, densely located in the center, less often to the edges; pronounced radially furrowed, the edge of the cap is ribbed.
Plates: adherent, frequent, white, with plates. In young mushrooms, they are even, with age, the edge becomes uneven, jagged, “sawtooth”.
Leg: 1-3 centimeters high and up to 0.5-0.6 cm thick, according to some sources it can grow up to 6 centimeters and even, which seems incredible, up to 15. However, there is nothing “incredible” here: a mushroom can grow from a crack in wood, and then the leg is strongly stretched to bring the cap to the surface. Cylindrical, slightly thickened towards the base, stiff, dense, hollow with age. Whitish, off-white, lighter under the cap. To the base it is covered with small brown scales.
Flesh: firm, tough. White, whitish, sometimes creamy, does not change color when damaged. Smell and taste: not pronounced.
Spore powder: white. Spores: 11-16 x 5-7 microns, smooth, non-amyloid, with cystids, bean-shaped.
Ecology
The fungus grows on wood, both living and dead. Prefers hardwood, especially aspen. There are also finds on conifers. It is noteworthy that furrowed sawfoot can grow both on dead dead wood and on processed wood. It can be found on poles, fences, hedges. Causes brown rot.
Season and distribution
For different regions, different dates are indicated, sometimes the mushroom is marked as spring, May - mid-June, sometimes as summer, from June to September. Distributed in Europe, Asia, North America, Africa. On the territory of Russia, finds of the Irkutsk region, in Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk and Trans-Baikal territories were noted. In Kazakhstan in the Akmola region.
The furrowed sawfoot is very rare. In many regions, this species is included in the Red Book.
Other information
The flesh of the sawfoot furrowed is not subject to decay. The mushroom does not deteriorate, it can only dry out. Not a mushroom, but a mushroom picker's dream! But, alas, you cannot experiment much with eating, the mushroom is too rare. But the unkillable pulp is not the most remarkable thing about this mushroom. Much more interesting is its ability to recover. Dried fruiting bodies can recover and continue to grow as the humidity rises. Such is the kind of adaptation to arid regions.
The name Heliocybe sulcata is fully consistent with its appearance: Helios - Helios, the sun god in Greece, sulcata from the Latin sulco - furrow, wrinkle. Look at his hat, that's right, the sun with grooves-rays.
Mushroom photo Furrowed sawfoot from questions in recognition:
Sawfoot furrowed (Lentinus reddish): photo and description
| Name: | Furrowed sawfoot |
| Latin name: | Heliocybe sulcata |
| Type of: | Inedible |
| Synonyms: | Lentinus reddish |
Systematics:
|
Sawfoot furrowed - an inedible representative of the Proliporov family. This species is a single specimen of the genus Heliocybe. The fungus is a saprophyte, located on dry or rotten wood. The species is considered rare, therefore in some regions of Russia it is listed in the Red Book.
Description of the edible mushroom
Saw-leaf scaly - this is how the sleeper mushroom is also called. Its Latin names are Neolentinus lepideus or Lentinus lepideus. It belongs to the genus Neolentinus of the Polyporov family, according to some sources - the Gleofillovs.
The cap grows up to 18 cm in diameter, convex at a young age, later becomes flat or even slightly depressed in the center. The body is fleshy, the surface is white, can be gray and brown, almost always with dark flakes, especially in the middle.
The flesh of the mushroom is tough, white, in the place of the cut it can acquire a reddish color, the smell is weak, but pleasant, the taste is insipid.
The hymenophore, or the lower part of the cap, consists of densely spaced plates with a somewhat serrated edge and descending downward. The color is white, as in the spores. May have a gray or yellowish tint.
The leg reaches 7 cm in length, and up to 2.5 cm in diameter. The shape is cylindrical, slightly narrowed at the bottom. White, covered with scales of a reddish tone.
The sleepy mushroom is described by the Swedish botanist and mycologist Elias Magnus Fries.
