Tiger saw-leaf

Description of lentinellus aura

The diameter of the cap of lentinellus auriform is 3-10 centimeters. The cap has blades, its shape is deeply funnel-shaped. The edge of the cap is slightly curved or wavy. The color of the cap, as a rule, red-brown or deep red, sometimes watery.

The leg length is 3-9 centimeters, and the diameter varies between 0.5-1.5 centimeters. The color of the stem is dark red, while the lower part is slightly darker in comparison with the apex. The leg of the lentinellus auriform is very dense. Most often, the legs are eccentric, but sometimes they are central.

The mushroom pulp does not have a pronounced taste, but it has a persistent aroma of anise. The color of the flesh is reddish. A hymenophore, represented by plates, is located under the cap. The edges of the plates are weakly serrated. They go down the leg. The color of the plates is white-red. Spores are spherical, white in color.

Fruiting period and distribution of lentinellus auriform

These mushrooms grow near young or dead maple trees, they are also found near oak trees and on rotten stumps. Lentinellus ear-shaped grow in deciduous forests. They begin to bear fruit in August and end in October.

The pungent smell of anise, which these mushrooms exude, spreads at a distance of several meters, and it is easy to find the harvest by this smell.

The main differences between false oyster mushrooms

When asked whether false oyster mushrooms are poisonous, you can definitely answer - yes. But they only grow in Australia. In our latitudes, inedible or conditionally edible varieties are found. It is not difficult to distinguish such mushrooms.

The main differences between false oyster mushrooms

Orange oyster mushroom

Orange oyster mushroom, according to the species description, grows in large families mainly in deciduous forests. Found on linden, aspen, birch, prefers rotten stumps, dead wood. Feels good in temperate climates. Fruiting begins in September and lasts until November. In warm areas, the mushroom can grow even in winter. It is rare. It stands out strongly against the green background of foliage, thanks to the bright orange color of the cap. If oyster mushrooms survive the winter, the color becomes paler.

The main differences are:

• almost complete absence of a leg: mushrooms are attached to the wood with a cap;
• the cap is 2-8 cm in diameter, fan-shaped;
• the skin is fluffy and tough;
• unusual smell: young specimens have a melon aroma, mature ones smell like rotten cabbage;
• hymenophore: lamellar, its color is brighter (darker) than the color of the cap;
• the pulp is bitter, pale orange;
• spores are elongated, smooth;
• spore powder light pink or brownish pink.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

Sometimes you can meet orange oyster mushroom on sick or dying trees. Old reference books wrote rather evasively that this mushroom was “conditionally edible”. Many modern identifiers indicate that this is a mushroom from the category of "inedible" (but not poisonous). Some mushroom pickers collect them, but only young fruit bodies with a melon aroma, but the old ones are bypassed because of the quality and a very unpleasant smell - some describe it as rotten cabbage, others as rotting carrots.

Orange oyster mushroom is used for landscape design. It is used to decorate gardens and yards, infecting trunks and tree stumps with mycelium.

Wolf saw-leaf

Wolfshawthorn also does not belong to the poisonous counterparts of edible oyster mushrooms. Its second name is bald saw-leaf. It grows on dead wood from trunks and stumps. It is rarely found in deciduous and coniferous forests. It grows in Central Russia, North America, Canada, Europe (except for the southern regions). Fruiting from July to October.

To distinguish a mushroom, you should carefully study its description:

• the cap is kidney-shaped or lingual, 3-8 cm in diameter, the skin color is whitish-brown, yellow-red;
• the leg is dense, colored brown, almost black, not centered, 1 cm long, rudimentary (lost its significance in the process of evolution);
• the surface of the cap is felt, with small scales and growths;
• hymenophore: represented by plates, at first they are white-yellow, then they turn red, descending along the leg, frequent, wide;
• uneven, jagged edge on the back of the cap (the main difference), bent down;
• the flesh is whitish, tough, pungent;
• aroma is pronounced, mushroom;
• spore white powder.

Oyster mushroom green

Mushrooms need to be cooked properly

Oyster mushroom is often referred to as a false species. If not boiled properly, it will not be edible. The mushroom is of low quality, conditionally edible. Its second name is late oyster mushroom (autumn). The species is distinguished by late fruiting: from September to the first frost. Autumn oyster mushrooms resume their growth during thaws. They are found in February and March.

These mushrooms are found in mixed and deciduous forests of the European part of Russia, Ukraine, the Caucasus, and North Asia. They are found individually or by families. They grow on wood, stumps and dead wood.

This type of mushroom is easy to distinguish, knowing its description:

• the cap is lateral, tongue-shaped, with a diameter of 3-15 cm;
• color from olive-brown to yellow-brown, turns pale in mature specimens;
• the skin is velvety, slimy in damp weather;
• the leg is short (up to 3 cm), dense, ocher-yellow, may be absent;
• the plates of the hymenophore are frequent, whitish in young mushrooms, then yellow-brown or olive;
• spore powder white-violet.

Overripe mushrooms become hard. After suffering frosts, they completely lose their taste. If the cold snap is prolonged, the fruiting bodies become unusable. They turn sour and die, as evidenced by the wine smell and mold on the plates.

Bearish saw-leaf (Lentinellus bearish): photo and description

Bear saw-leaf is an inedible mushroom of the Auriscalp family, genus Lentinellus. Difficult to recognize, it is impossible to distinguish it from some similar species without a microscope. Another name is Lentinellus bearish.

What does a bearish saw-leaf look like?

Fruit bodies are shell-shaped caps without legs. They grow on wood, growing together in several pieces.

Description of the hat

Size in diameter - up to 10 cm, shape - from reniform to semicircular. Young mushrooms have convex caps, old ones - flat or concave. They are pale brown, sometimes more faded along the edge. When dry, the color becomes brown with a wine reddish-brown tint. Over the entire surface, whitish, gradually darkening pubescence, at the base it is more abundant. The edge of the cap is sharp, curls up when dry.

The pulp is hard-fleshy, its thickness is about 0.5 cm. The color varies from light cream or cream to gray-red. The smell is sour, unpleasant, weakly expressed, in some sources it is described as spicy.

The plates are frequent, thin, radially diverging from the place of attachment to the substrate. Fresh specimens are white, cream or pinkish, waxy, fleshy. The dried-up ones are pale brown, with jagged edges.

Spore powder is creamy white.

Where and how it grows

Bear saw-leaf grows on deadwood of deciduous trees, less often on coniferous wood.

Fruiting from August to mid-October.

Distributed throughout Russia, in Europe, in North America.

Doubles and their differences

Inexperienced mushroom pickers may confuse bear's saw-leaf with edible oyster mushrooms. The main differences are an unpleasant sour smell and jagged edges of the plates.

Particularly close to lentinellus bearswolf sawgelle is inedible, but not poisonous, with a bitter taste and a pronounced mushroom odor.In adult specimens, the surface of the fruiting body is whitish-brown, yellowish-reddish, dark fawn. The shape of the cap is kidney-shaped at the beginning, then gradually becomes ear-shaped, lingual or shell-shaped. Its edge is wrapped inward. A brown or almost black dense leg 1 cm high may be present. The plates are wide, frequent, descending with an uneven edge. At first they are whitish or light beige, then they acquire a reddish tint. Wolfsweed cannabis can be distinguished by a rudimentary short stalk, but sometimes it is absent or difficult to see. An experienced mushroom picker can notice the difference in the color of the cap and its edge. Another sign, which can only be detected under a microscope, is the larger spores in the wolf's saw-leaf and the absence of an amyloid reaction on the hyphae.

The beaver sawnose is another related species. Its fruiting bodies have a similarity of a leg, they are yellow-brown, tiled. The plates are radially located, frequent, light beige, chipped, with wavy or curved edges. This fungus grows mainly on fallen conifers in late summer and autumn. Inedible, with a pungent taste. It differs from bearish in larger fruiting bodies, on which there is practically no pubescence.

Conclusion

Bear saw-leaf is an inedible mushroom that grows on dead wood and is difficult to distinguish from its relatives. Such species as wolf and beaver are especially close to it.

Bear saw-leaf (Lentinellus ursinus)

Current title

Systematic position

Etymology of the species epithet

Synonyms

• Agaricus ursinus Fr., Syst. mycol. (Lundae) 1: 185 (1821)
• Lentinus ursinus (Fr.) Fr., Epicr. syst. mycol. (Upsaliae): 395 (1838)
• Hemicybe ursina (Fr.) P. Karst., Bidr. Känn. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 248 (1879)
• Pocillaria ursina (Fr.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 2: 866 (1891)
• Resupinatus ursinus (Fr.) Murrill, N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9 (4): 246 (1915)
• Panellus ursinus (Fr.) Murrill, N. Amer. Fl. (New York) 9 (4): 246 (1915)
• Pocillaria pelliculosa (Schwein.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 2: 866 (1891)

Other names: Lentinellus bearish.

Habit

Fruit body: Sedentary, cantilever, hoof-shaped, in the form of an irregular growth or rosette

Hymenophore: Lamellar (including folded or with rudimentary plates)

Fruiting body

Fruit bodies in the form of sessile shell-shaped tiled caps of a hard-fleshy consistency, usually accrete in 2 - 3, limb from the substrate 10 - 50 mm. The surface is smooth or finely streaked, pale brown and paler along the edge when fresh, when dry, umber-brown with a wine-red tint, near the base is usually covered with whitish, subsequently darkening pubescence. The edge is sharp, slightly curling when dry.

The hymenophore is lamellar, the plates diverge radially from the point of attachment to the substrate, thin, frequent, in a fresh state, waxy-fleshy, cream-colored, easily breaking apart when dry and darkening to pale brown, with serrate-cut edges.

Spore powder is white.

Pulp

The pulp is 2 - 5 mm thick, hard-fleshy, light creamy to bluish-reddish, with a distinct sourish unpleasant odor.

Microscopy

Spores (3.6) 3.8 - 4.2 (4.5) × (2.7) 3 - 3.2 (3.5) μm, broadly ellipsoid, with a slightly thickened warty membrane, amyloid, cyanophilic.

Basidia 12 - 20 × 3 - 5 μm, clavate, with a distinct central constriction, 4-spore.

Pleurocystids - gleocystids or leptocystids 15 - 22 × 3.5 - 5 microns, fusiform, ampoule or bottle-shaped, thin-walled, with yellowish or colorless contents.

Cheilocystids are gleocystids 20 - 28 × 3 - 7 microns, ampoule or cylindrical, thin-walled or with thickened, sometimes uneven walls.

The hyphalous system is monomytic. The hyphae of tissue are 2 - 3 microns in diameter, thin-walled to moderately thick-walled, with buckles, free-lying, sinuous, with hyaline or light-refracting contents (gleopleroid hyphae). In the subhymenia, the hyphae are strongly agglutinated, almost indistinguishable, forming a pseudoparenchyma; in the mediostratus of the plates, they are parallel, densely packed, amyloid.

Gleopleroid hyphae in the mediostratus of the plates 2.5 - 6 µm in diameter, thin-walled or with slightly thickened walls, swollen, with a variable diameter, with yellow contents in Meltzer's reagent.

Ecology and distribution

Substance: Woody plants (living trees, bark and dead wood)

On dry trunks and fallen trees of deciduous trees, sometimes found on conifers.

Fruiting

The end of summer, the beginning of autumn.

The divisions correspond to the decades of the month.

Nutritional properties

Inedible due to bitter taste.

Similar species

• Beaver sawnose (Lentinellus castoreus) - very similar in appearance, on average with larger fruiting bodies, reaching 100 mm in diameter, the surface at the base without pubescence. Prefers coniferous substrates.
• The fox sawnose (Lentinellus vulpinus) is also very similar in appearance, macroscopically distinguished by the presence of a short, almost rudimentary eccentric leg, microscopically by the absence of an amyloid reaction on the pulp hyphae and, on average, by larger spores.

Conditionally edible mushroom.

The hat is 4-8 cm in diameter. Its surface is dry, dense, leathery. The color of the cap is white, whitish, with a yellow, creamy or nutty tint. On top of the cap there are concentric brown, almost black fibrous bristly scales, which are darker and densely located in its center. The shape of the cap in young mushrooms is convex, the edge is tucked down, later it becomes depressed in the center, or acquires a funnel-shaped shape, the edge is thin, uneven, and bursting. The leg is 3-8 cm high, about 1.5 cm wide, central. The structure of the leg is dense, rigid. The shape is cylindrical, narrows towards the base and stretches out in a tapered manner, even or curved. Sometimes a ring-shaped "belt" is located on the leg. At the plates, the leg is white, below the "girdle" it is dark, brownish, brownish. The surface of the peduncle is covered with small concentric, brown, sparse scales. The pulp is tough, thin, dense, leathery. The color of the flesh is white, sometimes it acquires a yellow tint with age. The smell and taste are not pronounced, but may depend on which tree stump the mushroom is growing on. Sometimes there is a "pungent" smell.

The mushroom is found throughout the northern hemisphere, in Europe and Asia, as well as in the Urals and the Far East. Usually inhabits forest belts, parks, along roadsides, as well as in places of mass felling of poplars. Sometimes it grows in cities.

The fruiting season for this species is summer-autumn, the mushroom appears en masse from late July to September. In the southern area, distribution is observed already in April. It grows in large intergrowths and groups on deadwood, stumps and trunks of deciduous trees (oak, poplar, willow, fruit trees).

Scaly saw-leaf (Lentinus lepideus)

Young mushrooms are classified as edible, as long as their pulp remains soft enough, mature mushrooms are not eaten.

The diameter of the mushroom cap is 3-12 cm. In young mushrooms, the cap is convex; as the fungus grows, it flattens and becomes funnel-shaped. The surface is dry, yellow, light brown or grayish white, covered with small brownish or brownish scales. Leg up to 6 cm in height, about 1-2.5 cm in thickness. Central, cylindrical, tapers downward, or becomes tapered elongated. The color of the leg is light, whitish, the surface is covered with scales of a red or reddish-brown color. The pulp is elastic, rigid structure with a pleasant mushroom aroma; in mature mature mushrooms, it is woody.

The fungus grows in the northern hemisphere, on the stumps of conifers, on fallen trees, sometimes it is found on telegraph poles and railway sleepers. Grows both singly and in small groups. The fruiting season lasts from early June to late September. Fruit bodies germinate slowly.

Poisonous and inedible species of sawfoot mushroom

Goblet saw-leaf (Lentinus cyathiformis)

Inedible mushroom due to the very high elasticity of the pulp.

The cap is funnel-shaped, up to 25 cm in diameter, reddish-beige in color, the surface is covered with irregular, weakly expressed concentric zones. In mature mushrooms, the cap fades to whitish, a dark spot remains in the center. The shape of the cap is hemispherical at first, gradually it opens and becomes funnel-shaped, the edge is uneven. The surface is dry, slightly fleecy. The pulp is white, elastic, has a pleasant smell that resembles the smell of fruit.The leg is short and thick, 3-8 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, tapers towards the base, the structure is rigid, the surface of the leg is almost completely covered with plates, blackish at the base.

The goblet saw-leaf grows on decaying deciduous trees (sometimes it also parasitizes living trees, causing white rot). It is a southern mushroom that is rarely found in the northern temperate latitudes. The fruit body grows for a long time.

Poisonous similar species of mushrooms for sawleafs are unknown. Due to their characteristic appearance, these mushrooms are not confused with poisonous species.

Saw-leaf, Lentinus lepideus

Hat: With a diameter of 3-12 cm, fleshy, hemispherical or convex in young mushrooms, gradually opens and becomes thinner with age, acquiring a complex “convex-depressed” shape, often with uneven edges. The color of the cap is from off-white to equally dirty brown, the surface is dry, covered with velvety large scales, only slightly darker than the cap. The flesh of the cap is light, thick, very elastic, in old specimens it is dry, with a pleasant mushroom smell.

Hymenophore: The plates are deeply descending, relatively sparse, of medium width, cap color or somewhat lighter. A characteristic feature is the presence of noticeable "teeth" on the plates, which gave the name to the whole genus Sawfoot.

Spore powder: White.

Leg: Central or eccentric, often curved and thinned at the base, length and thickness vary greatly depending on growing conditions (thickness 1-3 cm, length 2-10 cm). The flesh of the leg is fibrous, very firm and dry.

Spreading: Meets with mid July to mid September on the remains of coniferous trees, not least on processed wood (sleepers, poles, etc. - it is no coincidence that the scaly leaf was called the “sleepy mushroom”), as a rule, rarely and not abundantly - one specimen, less often in small groups. Fruit bodies develop slowly, decorating trunks and pillars with their presence for a long time. Destroying the processed wood of sleepers and poles, the mushroom is said to be of great national economic importance.

Similar species: Given the nature of its growth, it is very difficult to confuse Lentinus lepideus with any species other than closely related ones. (Although the author, for example, managed to confuse it with destructive flake, but this is simply from an excess of imagination and practical laziness.) The tiger saw-leaf (Lentinus tigrinus) is smaller, differs in a funnel-shaped cap and usually grows in aggregates.

Edibility: At a young age, they write, the mushroom is quite edible. A pleasant smell, of course, in a sense is conducive to experiments, but first you need to find these “young specimens”.

Author's notes: I have a rather strange embarrassment associated with the scaly leaf. Seeing a large, shaggy, whitish mushroom on a neighbor's pillar, erected only quite recently, for some reason I decided that I was seeing destructive flakes, which are all too often found in the Venevsky district; saw, and instead of critically comprehending what he saw, he composed a story that careless electricians put poplar instead of the ordered pine (or spruce) pillar, having cut down a random tree in the trash heap, and the mushroom gave them away. The story may be spectacular, but completely unreliable, and worse, easily verifiable: the refutation is pecked out by itself after the first clean glance at the photograph of the “scale”. Of course, this is a real sleeper mushroom, which means that the electricians suffered feuilleton criticism in vain. The pillar for our neighbors was really coniferous - the mushroom won't lie. That's how a person would be.

The wire on the right adds technogenicity to the picture. A sleeper-and-pillar mushroom, a scaly leaf-leaf, rose on a practically new electric pole, and stayed in a relatively unchanged form for a good month, and then suddenly disappeared somewhere overnight. Presumably, the nerves of the neighbors could not stand it - apparently, they have met little "eternal" mushrooms so far. And Lentinus lepideus is one of those, and the epithet “edible at a young age” can actually mean that it should be collected only in the first three days out of thirty possible.

Growing up on a decent substrate, not on a post or fence, Neolentinus lepideus looks quite respectable, more like some very large scale.

When put in a research perspective, the scaly sawfoot demonstrates all the qualities of a strong mushroom, ready to overcome any difficulties on the way to a great goal. Here and scaly, and serration of the plates; the sleeper firmness of the pulp is not visible, but, undoubtedly, it is guessed.

By old age (and it can last indefinitely), the scaly saw-leaf becomes coarse, hardened, showing with all its appearance that it is not going to surrender to the inexorable time without a fight. At such a moment, it is easy to not recognize it, or even confuse it from a distance with some kind of flake.

The same pillar, the same mushroom. “Eternity, summer”. In this state, it can really be mistaken for some kind of flake, if you don't look too closely when passing by.

Wolves' saw-leaf (fox saw-leaf, felt, Lentinellus vulpinus): what it looks like, where and how it grows, edible or not

Felt saw-leaf, wolf saw-leaf, fox saw-leaf (Lentinellus vulpinus (Sowerby) Kühner & Maire 1934)

Insert-fungus-tree Synonyms: Agaricus vulpinus Sowerby 1803 Lentinus vulpinus (Sowerby) Fries 1836 Hemicybe vulpina (Sowerby) P. Karsten 1879 Panellus vulpinus (Sowerby) Murrill 1915

Etymology: Lentinus (Latin lentus - curved) vulpinus (Latin vulpinus - fox).

Cap: 3-6 cm in diameter, lingual, kidney-shaped or shell-shaped, with a turned down edge, whitish-brownish, yellowish-reddish or dark-palette, fibrous velvet, finely scaly. The caps look like sessile ones; they often grow together at the base and form tiled groups on the substrate.

Plates: descending, frequent, wide, with an uneven serrated edge, whitish, then slightly reddening.

Leg: lateral, rudimentary.

Flesh: white.

Disputes:?

Spore powder: white.

Habitat: grows on dead trunks and stumps of coniferous and deciduous species.

Season: July - September.

Edible: inedible due to its hard consistency, but not poisonous either. Therefore, it can be eaten after preliminary boiling.

Distribution in Kazakhstan: not often met in the Zailiyskiy Alatau.

Area: Kazakhstan, Russia.

Wolf saw-leaf in the photos:

List of used literature: Garibova L.V., Sidorova I.I. "Mushrooms. Encyclopedia of the Nature of Russia ”,“ ABF ”Moscow, 1997.

Description

Tiger Sawwood is an edible wood-destroying mushroom that contains a large amount of protein.

Hat

Has a size up to 10 cm in diameter. Its shape is initially convex with a downwardly rounded edge; with age, it takes on the appearance of a depressed and even funnel-shaped. The edges of a mature mushroom dry up and break in places. Its surface is leathery, dry, from cream to yellowish color. Covered with darker, brownish scales. The largest number of scales is found in the center of the cap.

Leg

It can be located on the side (eccentrically) or centrally, reaching dimensions of 8 * 1.5 cm in length and diameter, respectively. It has the shape of a cylinder and is often curved. At the base it narrows and takes the form of a "root" that goes deep into the substrate. A ring-shaped band is observed just below the hymenophore. Below it, the surface of the leg is brownish and covered with scales, and above it, it is white and smooth.

Spore-bearing layer

The hymenophore is a lamellar structure, consisting of narrow and frequently located, descending plates. With age, the plates gradually change from white to yellow and ocher. They have a weakly pronounced serrated edge.

Pulp

Not plentiful and firm. Its white color changes to yellowish with age. The organoleptic properties of the pulp are unremarkable, but some sources indicate a tangy taste, which, apparently, is formed depending on the substrate on which the mushroom grows.