Stamens

Description of the wheel-shaped non-iron

The hat of the non-nylon is wheel-shaped and small - with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 centimeters. At a young age, it has the shape of a hemisphere, then straightens, becomes prostrate, but not completely. A deep and narrow depression is noticeable in the center of the cap. The surface of the cap is fibrous, with well-defined depressions and rises.

It seems that there is absolutely no pulp in the cap, and its surface is inseparable from the plates. The color of the cap is pure white at a young age, but later turns gray-yellow. The pulp is very thin. She gives off a pungent smell. The plates are infrequent, grow to the collar around the leg. The color of the plates is white. The spore powder is also white.

The leg is very thin, and its length reaches 8 centimeters. The color of the leg is brown or black, and the lower part of it is darker.

Places of distribution of non-nippers wheel-like

These mushrooms grow in humid places. They live in dead trees. Also, wheel-shaped non-nippers can be found in deciduous and coniferous litter. These mushrooms come across quite often.

They grow, as a rule, in numerous groups, but the fruit bodies are small in size. Therefore, they are difficult to notice. Fruiting time is summer-autumn.

The similarity of non-nippers wheel-like with other species

The wheeled non-iron can be confused with the Bullyar non-iron, which also has a wheel-like shape and a pure white color. It is possible to distinguish the wheel-shaped nonnie due to the well-defined collar on the leg, to which the plates are attached.

Wheeled Nebnichnik - description, poisonousness of the mushroom

Wheeled non-fungus is an inedible species of mushrooms belonging to the non-fungus family. The Latin name for this species is Marasmius rotula.

Description

The cap of representatives of this type of mushroom is rather modest in size and reaches only 10 -15 mm in diameter. At the beginning of development, the shape of this part of the fungus is spherical, with growth it straightens and becomes more extended. In the central part of the cap, you can see a characteristic, albeit narrow, but rather deep depression. The surface of the cap itself has a fibrous structure, which makes it possible to clearly see all its details (tubercles, depressions). At the first glance at the mushroom, it may seem that the cap of the non-pot has absolutely no pulp, nevertheless, the latter is very thin and almost visually inseparable from the lamellar body. At the beginning of growth, the cap of the specimens is very light; with the growth of the fungus, it acquires a gray-yellow color. The aroma of the pulp, although weak, is quite sharp.

White plates are located with small gaps, most often grow to the characteristic collar bordering the mushroom leg. The spore powder has the same color as the lamellar body.

The Negnichnik has a rather thin leg, the length of which reaches 80 mm. This part of the mushroom is dark in color, almost black at the base.

Similarities with other species

Often this type of inedible mushroom is confused with Bullar's non-fungus, which has almost the same appearance (white color of the fruiting body, and a characteristic wheel-like shape). Nevertheless, the main difference between the wheel-like non-nipple is the presence of a pronounced collar located in the upper part of the leg, to which the plates descending from the lamellar body are attached.

Features of the view

The main feature of this type of mushroom is that during dry periods the non-fungi dry out almost completely, however, this does not mean their complete death. With the onset of the rainy season, the representatives of this species are completely restored to their previous form, and they begin to bear fruit and grow again.

I would like to draw your attention to the fact that this type of mushroom, in fact, has no practical value.The only thing that scientists stand out is an enzyme like MroAPO contained in this mushroom, which is a kind of biosensor used for the analysis of aromatic substances.

Other non-burners

The Marasmius family of mushrooms includes about 500 different species, and only a small part of them are edible. The rest of the species, as a rule, are not collected, often the reason for this is the unattractive appearance of the mushrooms and their modest size.

Such a species as the most delicate non-pot is a modest-sized fungus that does not have any nutritional value. At the beginning of development, specimens of this species have a hemispherical cap, which straightens out with the growth of the fungus. In adult mushrooms, in the center of the cap there is a small tubercle of a characteristic dark brick color. The body of the cap is rather thin, the edge is wavy with rare radial folds. At the beginning of development, the cap is white; it darkens with the growth of mushrooms. The leg, like the cap, is of a deep brown color. The peak of fruiting of this type of non-nippers is from mid-summer to mid-autumn. Most often, these mushrooms are found in mixed forests.

Negniichnik dry: photo and description

Dry Negniychnikov is a member of the Negniychnikov family. The Latin name for this species is Marasmius siccus, which also has a number of synonyms: Chamaeceras siccus and Agaricus siccus.

What does a dry non-drip look like?

The mushroom is shaped like an umbrella

The fruit body of the specimen in question consists of a small cap and a long stem. The pulp is very thin, has a slight odor and a bitter taste.

Description of the hat

Always grows in large groups

At the initial stage of ripening, the cap of the dry non-pot is bell-shaped or cushion-shaped; as it grows, it acquires an almost prostrate shape. In its central part, there may be a tubercle or a pronounced flat zone, less often - a small depression. The cap is small in size, it is only 0.5 to 3 cm. It is painted in bright red-brown or orange-brown shades, it fade in old mushrooms. In the central part of the cap, the saturated color lasts longer than along its edges. The surface is smooth, dry and matt with a pronounced radial groove.

On the inner side of the cap, there are rare, almost free, or adhered toothed plates. Painted in light cream or pale yellow tones. Spores are cylindrical or fusiform, smooth, sometimes slightly curved.

Leg description

Grows throughout the summer and in the first half of autumn

For such a small cap, the leg of a dry non-nylon is considered to be rather long, the height of which ranges from 2.5 to 7 cm. Its maximum thickness in diameter reaches about 1.5 mm. It is characterized as central, rigid, straight or slightly curved, even, without bulging. The surface is shiny, smooth to the touch. The upper part of the leg is colored white or light yellow, while the lower part is dominated by dark brown or black shades. At the base there is a white felt mycelium.

Where and how it grows

The optimal time for growing is the period from June to September. Most often, dry non-nipple dwells in deciduous forests on shallow deadwood or leaf litter, less often on needles. Widely distributed in Asia, America and Europe, including Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. This species does not tend to grow one at a time, usually occurs in large groups.

Is the mushroom edible or not

Dry non-fungus belongs to the category of inedible mushrooms. Due to the small size of the fruit bodies, it has no nutritional value and is not suitable for human consumption.

Doubles and their differences

According to its external features, dry non-nipple plant is similar to the following gifts of the forest:

1. Blood-headed firebrand. It is an inedible and rare species that has the ability to glow at night. You can recognize the double by a small domed red hat and a rather long stem of dark shades.
2. Wheeled nonnichi - this specimen is very similar in shape and size to the described species in the shape and size of the fruiting body. However, the distinguishing feature is the color of the mushroom. So, the hat of the twin in young specimens is painted white, and in mature specimens it is grayish-yellow. Not edible.
3. Smelly stinker. It belongs to the group of inedible and poisonous mushrooms. A double can be distinguished by a yellowish-brown cap and a black, shorter stem, the maximum length of which is 3 cm. In addition, this species grows on old hardwood.

Conclusion

Dry firebug is a fairly common species of the Negniychnikov family, which can be found not only in Russia, but also abroad. However, such a specimen is not of interest to mushroom pickers, since it does not represent any nutritional value.

Common Garlic (Mycetinis scorodonius)

or

Hat:
convex cap, one to three centimeters in diameter. Then the cap becomes flat. The surface of the cap is yellow-brownish, slightly buffy, later fawn. Miniature hat, dry. The thickness of the cap is a quarter of a match. At the edges, the cap is lighter, the skin is rough, dense. On the surface of the cap there are small grooves along the edges. A fully ripe specimen is characterized by very thin margins and a bell-shaped cap. The cap expands over time and forms a small depression in the central part. In rainy weather, the cap absorbs moisture and takes on a meaty red color. In dry weather, the color of the cap becomes dull.

Plates:
wavy plates, located at a distance from each other, of different lengths, convex. Legs adhered to the base. Whitish or pale reddish in color. Spore powder: white.

Leg:
reddish-brown leg, in the upper part has a lighter shade. The surface of the leg is cartilaginous, shiny. The leg is hollow inside.

Pulp:
pale pulp, has a pronounced garlic odor, which increases when dry.

Spreading:
Common Garlic is found in various types of forests. Grows in dry places on forest floor. Prefers sandy and clayey soils. Typically found in large groups. The fruiting period is from July to October. The garlic plant owes its name to its strong garlic smell, which intensifies on cloudy rainy days. Therefore, the characteristic feature is that it is easier to find colonies of this fungus.

Similarity:
Common garlic has some similarities with Meadow mushrooms growing on fallen needles and branches, but they do not have a garlic smell. It can also be mistaken for a larger Garlic, which also smells like garlic, but it grows on beech stumps and is not so tasty.

Edibility:
Common garlic - edible mushroom, used fried, boiled, dried and pickled. Used to prepare hot spices. The characteristic smell of the mushroom disappears after boiling, and increases during drying.

Notes: phenologist Zuev. D. for the puny appearance, called these mushrooms - marasmus. The avid mushroom picker Kovtun. V. Gave the most accurate description of the Garlic - a thin leg, a pale yellow or whitish cap, as if cut out of paper. In fact, a thin leg, very strong, but the cap is very fragile, it can be crushed with two fingers. The mushroom is characterized by a very strong garlic odor, but not as sharp as that of regular garlic, but more tender, soft and slightly sweetish.

Common garlic, Marasmius scorodonius

Hat: Small in size (1-3 cm in diameter, very rarely more), from hemispherical to flat, completely prostrate; the edges of the cap in adult mushrooms are often uneven.The surface is hygrophane, the color is irregular, highly variable depending on humidity and other growing conditions, from gray-white to creamy brown. The flesh of the cap is rather thin (however, the plates are not translucent), light, without a definite taste and with a very strong, even in dried specimens, the smell of garlic.

Hymenophore: The plates are white, wide, sparse, branching, free or semi-free.

Spore powder: White.

Leg: Very thin (rarely thicker than 1.5 mm), relatively high (up to 6 cm), dark-colored (red, brown), cartilaginous texture, looks like a blade of grass.

Spreading: Common garlic bears fruit throughout almost the entire mushroom season, from June to October, in forests and glades, often settling on dead wood and litter. In warm, humid weather, it appears in huge colonies, which, however, are quite difficult to distinguish from the height of human growth.

Similar species: The very strong odor of garlic makes it easy to distinguish Marasmius scorodonius from other small non-fungi, and even more so mycene; the only representative of the genus Marasmius, which has similar “odor characteristics”, the big garlic (Marasmius alliaceus) is really big and does not look like a common garlic except for the smell.

Edibility: According to numerous reports, Marasmius scorodonius is used as a condiment, since the garlic flavor persists even after heat treatment. The sources do not report how much time it takes to recruit the garlic plants to prepare the seasoning.

Author's notes: Science knows a lot of odorless mushrooms, but here - the rarest precedent of smell without a mushroom

And I do not even hint at the well-known “bodily insufficiency” of the common garlic - formally, at least when there is a mushroom, it can produce a smell from it, and it is not so important that the intensity of the garlic amber does not at all correspond to the weight and size characteristics of the fruit body of Marasmius scorodonius. But it also happens that in a damp meadow, or somewhere in wet bushes, a mighty garlic spirit falls on a person, almost squeezing into the soil, and around - not a single fruit calf! In this case, you can think a lot about the Forest Master, who, they say, prefers wild garlic to the entire forest pharmacy, and about the gourmet mushroom pickers who have just passed here (but why are they, bastards, not seen or heard ?!), and about olfactory hallucinations, which is a completely unusable symptom

but looking a little closer, you notice thin white filaments of mycelium on the black soil and you realize that there are, theoretically, mushrooms here. The smell just came first. And the army of petty stubborn garlic farmers will soon catch up with him.

Spherical

Globular Negnium (Marasmius wynnei) is an edible mushroom from the genus Negniichnikov.

Description

The spherical reflux (Marasmius wynnei) differs from other varieties of this genus in the white color of the cap, rarely located plates. The diameter of the caps is 2-4 cm. The shape of the mushroom caps is initially convex, but a little later they become prostrate, with a ribbed edge. At the beginning, the caps of the spherical non-stoneware are white, sometimes they can be gray-lilac. The plates of the hymenophore are high, sparse, and can be either white or grayish in color. The length of the stem of this species is short, only 2.5-4 cm, while its thickness is 1.5-2.5 mm. at the top it is slightly widened, lighter in color. In general, the leg of the described mushroom has a brownish or darkish tint. Fungal spores have no color, ellipsoidal in shape, 6-7 * 3-3.5 microns in size, smooth to the touch.

Habitat and fruiting period

The spherical iris (Marasmius wynnei) actively bears fruit in the summer and autumn months, from July to October. In some areas, this type of mushroom is quite common. Globular non-nippers grow well in coniferous, deciduous and mixed forests, on fallen coniferous needles and leaves. Also, these mushrooms can be seen on lawns and in bushes.

Edibility

The globular spherical (Marasmius wynnei) is an edible mushroom that can be consumed in any form, preferably boiled or salted.

Similar species, distinctive features from them

Sometimes the globular nonnewood can be confused with the edible small scrub (Marasmius scorodonius). True, the latter's cap is colored meat-red-brown, there is a pronounced smell of garlic, and the hymenophore plates are located quite often.

Bristle-footed beetle (Marasmius androsaceus)

• Other names for the mushroom:
• Stamen grass
• Stamens

Other names:

• Garlic bristle-legged;
• Stamen-shaped garlic;
• Gymnopus_androsaceus
• Setulipes androsaceus.

Bristle-legged non-fungus (Marasmius androsaceus) is a fungus of the Tricholomov family (Ryadovkovy).

External description

The bristle-stem (Marasmius androsaceus) is a fruiting body, consisting of a cap, initially convex, gradually becoming widespread, as well as a thin stem, characterized by hardness, fragility and a shiny surface. The surface of the leg is covered from above with horn-like scales, and it itself has a height of 3 to 6 cm, and a diameter of no more than 0.1 cm.

The diameter of the cap is 0.4-1 cm, the disc of its surface is depressed, and the cap itself in young mushrooms has a whitish color, folds and stripes. Subsequently, in ripe fruit bodies, the cap becomes gray-brown, or gray-cream. In the central part, the color of the cap is slightly darker. Radially located strokes and grooves are noticeable along its edges. The hymenophore is represented by plates, located rarely and adhered to the surface of the leg. The plates are very narrow, the color is the same as the cap. The described type of mushroom has one feature. The plates do not form a ring around the base of the leg, as is the case with any other types of non-nippers, but descend to the surface of the leg, descend along it.

The spore powder in bristle-legged non-nippers is characterized by a white color, and the pulp of these mushrooms has a characteristic unpleasant odor.

Season and habitat

The bristle-stem (Marasmius androsaceus) bears fruit from June to September. The main habitats of the fungus are small twigs that have fallen from trees. Also, this type of mushroom can be found on old coniferous wood, on fallen needles and dried leaves. Often, the non-stony bristle-leg can be seen in the middle of the sand dunes, in the wastelands. It forms large colonies, which include several dozen small fungi. This type of fungi forms rather dense, horsehair-thick weaves of hyphae, which subsequently colonize the unoccupied substrate, making it suitable for other plant organisms. Especially abundant nonnium bristle-legged bears fruit in the period when heavy and warm rains have just passed. It forms huge colonies in areas completely covered with fallen old needles.

Edibility

Reliably nothing is known about the toxicity of the nonnium bristle-legged. It is possible that this mushroom does not contain a large amount of toxic substances. However, it is not eaten, and the reason for this is the unpleasant smell of pulp.

Similar types and differences from them

The bristle-stem fungus has a slight resemblance to the Micromphale perforans fungus, however, the stem of this fungus has a felt structure, and the flesh is characterized by a sharp aroma of rotten cabbage.

Edible non-nippers globular

Spherical non-flammable mushrooms are edible mushrooms that are suitable for eating in any form, but they are most delicious when boiled and salted.

The similarity of spherical non-fungi with other mushrooms

Some mushroom pickers confuse spherical non-fungi with small mushrooms - garlic mushrooms. But there is nothing dangerous in such a similarity, because the garlic plants, like the non-nippers, belong to edible mushrooms. You can distinguish a garlic by its red-brown cap and a pronounced garlic smell, as well as the often located plates.

Other mushrooms of this genus

The blood-headed firebrand is an inedible mushroom. It is one of the rarest mushrooms in the world. A distinctive feature of the blood-headed nonnie is the ability to glow in the dark. There is very little information about these rare mushrooms.

They have large, deep red caps and thin legs. The hat is shaped like an umbrella or a dome. The surface of the cap consists of symmetrically spaced stripes. Inside the hat is white.

Bloodheads grow on old fallen branches. There is no information about the toxicity of these mushrooms, but they are inedible species.

The wheel-shaped iris is an inedible species. This mushroom is characterized by an extremely small cap - its diameter is 0.5-1.5 centimeters. In youth, the shape of the cap resembles a hemisphere, and over time it becomes prostrate. Its surface is radially fibrous.

The color of the cap is pure white, but with age it turns gray-yellow. The pulp is thin, it is practically absent. The leg is thin, up to 8 centimeters long. The color of the leg is black or brown.

The wheel-shaped non-nippers choose places of high humidity. They settle on dead trees in deciduous and coniferous forests. These mushrooms are found in large groups, quite often. Since they are very small in size, they are difficult to detect.

Dry (Marasmius siccus)

Current title

Systematic position

Etymology of the species epithet

Synonyms

• Agaricus siccus Schwein., Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Leipzig 1:84 (1822)
• Chamaeceras siccus (Schwein.) Kuntze, Revisio generum plantarum 3: 457 (1898)

Habit

Fruit body: Cap and stem (agaricoid)

Hymenophore: Lamellar (including folded or with rudimentary plates)

Hat

The cap is 0.8 - 1.5 cm, radially ribbed-furrowed, bell-shaped, convex, almost spread, matte, orange-brown to red-brown.

The plates are almost free, rare, light, cream.

Leg

Leg 4 - 6 × 0.1 cm, shiny, rigid, like a string, black-brown, white-pubescent at the top, at the base with a rosette of long dirty walnut filaments of mycelium.

Microscopy

Spores 15 - 23.5 × (2.5) 3.0 - 4.5 (5.0) µm, narrow-clavate, clavate, fusiform, sometimes slightly curved.

Basidia 20 - 40 × 5.0 - 9.0 μm, clavate, 4-spore.

Ecology and distribution

Grows in groups on dried leaves, needles, small twigs.

Fruiting

The divisions correspond to the decades of the month.

Nutritional properties

Related materials

1. Vasilyeva L.N. - L .: "Science", 1973. - 331 p. - P. 137
2. Antonin V., Noordeloos N. E. A monograph of Marasmius, Collybia and related genera in Europe. Part 1: Marasmius, Setulipes and Marasmiellus. - Eching: IHW-VERLAG, (Libri botanici, Vol. 8), 1993 .-- 229 p. - P. 81.

Link to this page for prints

Ageev D.V., Bulonkova T.M. Dry Negnium (Marasmius siccus) - Mushrooms of Siberia URL: https://mycology.su/marasmius-siccus.html (date accessed: 26.01.2020).

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Definitioner

Lat. Basidia. A specialized structure of sexual reproduction in fungi, inherent only in Basidiomycetes. Basidia are terminal (end) elements of hyphae of various shapes and sizes, on which spores develop exogenously (outside).

Basidia are diverse in structure and method of attachment to hyphae.

According to the position relative to the axis of the hypha, to which they are attached, three types of basidia are distinguished:

Apical basidia are formed from the terminal cell of the hypha and are located parallel to its axis.

Pleurobasidia are formed from lateral processes and are located perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which continues to grow and can form new processes with basidia.

Subasidia are formed from a lateral process, turned perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which, after the formation of one basidium, stops its growth.

Based on morphology:

Holobasidia - unicellular basidia, not divided by septa (see Fig. A, D.).

Phragmobasidia are divided by transverse or vertical septa, usually into four cells (see Fig. B, C).

By type of development:

Heterobasidia consists of two parts - hypobasidia and epibasidia developing from it, with or without partitions (see Fig. C, B) (see Fig. D).

Homobasidia is not divided into hypo- and epibasidia and in all cases is considered holobasidia (Fig. A).

Basidia is the place of karyogamy, meiosis and the formation of basidiospores. Homobasidia, as a rule, is not functionally divided, and meiosis follows karyogamy in it. However, basidia can be divided into probasidia - the site of karyogamy and metabasidia - the site of meiosis. Probasidium is often a dormant spore, for example in rust fungi. In such cases, probazidia grows with metabasidia, in which meiosis occurs and on which basidiospores are formed (see Fig. E).