Description and edibility of the gray talker mushroom

Interesting Facts

Talking mushrooms are considered very useful (of course, if they are edible species), as they contain:

The positive effect of talkers is expressed in increasing immunity, improving digestion, reducing oncogenic risk and thrombosis, and regulating blood cholesterol levels. These mushrooms are also used in folk medicine to treat wounds and diseases of the bronchi and lungs.

However, with all the positive qualities of the talker, like other mushrooms, it should not be included in the diet of young children, pregnant and lactating women, persons suffering from allergies and chronic diseases of the digestive tract. The fact is that mushrooms are rather difficult to digest, often provoke hypersensitivity reactions and accumulate toxic substances from the soil. Due to the latter circumstance, it is not worth picking mushrooms from roads and other polluted places.

Places of distribution of giant talkers.

Giant pigs grow in forest glades. They can be found in the European part of Russia, as well as in the Caucasus. Sometimes giant rows form "witch circles".

Evaluation of the edibility of giant talkers.

The giant talker is edible, but it can provoke stomach upsets. This is a mushroom with mediocre taste, 4th category, conditionally edible. Giant rows can be eaten boiled or salted

It is very important to carry out the correct heat treatment of these conditionally edible mushrooms.

It is recommended to use only young talkers, as the old ones taste a little bitter. However, overripe specimens are suitable for drying.

Among the talkers, there are poisonous species, so they should be collected exclusively by experienced mushroom pickers. You should be aware that pigs are not combined with alcohol, as this can lead to serious poisoning.

The use of giant talkers for healing purposes.

The pulp of giant pigs contains antibiotics that are active against tubercle bacillus. The antibiotics are called clitocybin A and B. Giant talkers have antibacterial properties. They can be used to treat epilepsy.

After studying talkers, a large number of useful properties were revealed. They contain both animal and plant proteins, a large amount of trace elements, for example, copper, zinc, manganese, as well as vitamins B1 and 2. In addition, a variety of drugs are made from talkers: nebularin, diatretin and clitocybin.

Like other mushrooms, giant pigs are low-calorie, they can be used as a diet food. These mushrooms help to restore and cleanse the body, get rid of heavy metals, toxins and toxins.

In folk medicine, ointments and decoctions are used, which are made from talkers. They help remove stones and treat respiratory tract infections.

Related species of the giant ryadovka.

The snow talker is a conditionally edible relative of the giant talker. Her cap is convex or depressed, with thin drooping edges. The surface of the cap is smooth, gray-brown or gray-brown. The leg is dense, smooth, often curved. The pulp is odorless, with a cucumber taste, it is dense in the cap, and tough in the leg.

Snow talkers gather in May. They grow in light coniferous forests. They settle on the forest floor. Fruiting in groups. These mushrooms are rare.

A weak-smelling talker is an inedible representative of the family. In young specimens, the caps are convex, then they quickly open and become funnel-shaped. The color of the cap is brown or beige. The shape of the stem can be cylindrical or flattened; it is slightly paler in color than the cap. The pulp with a flour taste and smell, grayish color.

Low-odor talkers bear fruit in rare groups. They usually grow in mixed forests and pine forests. The growth period falls on December-January.

What mushrooms can be confused with and how to distinguish

The appearance of the smoky ryadovka is very mediocre. Therefore, she has several natural twins at once. Among them there are both edible and poisonous varieties.

Clubfoot talker

The smoky variety is often confused with the mace-footed talker. You can distinguish the latter by the following features:

• significantly smaller fruit sizes;
• funnel-shaped outlines of the cap;
• light cream colored plates in mature mushrooms;
• the edge in the lower part of the leg and the absence of mealy plaque;
• sweetish smell of pulp.

By the way, the clubfoot talker is a conditionally edible mushroom. It can be safely eaten after boiling.

Tin entoloma

Tin entoloma is a dangerous double of the talker. It is also often called the rose-colored plate. You can distinguish a dangerous mushroom by the following features:

• yellowish or brownish fruit color;
• silky surface of the mushroom cap;
• silky shiny leg;
• pink lamellar layer;
• thick white flesh with a powdery aroma in young mushrooms and an unpleasant pungent odor in mature mushrooms.

The fruits of tin entoloma are poisonous. Toxins do not lose their properties even during heat treatment.

Whitish talker

Another poisonous counterpart of the smoky ryadovka is a whitish talker. A toxic mushroom differs from an edible talker in the following features:

• miniature fruit sizes (2-6 cm in diameter);
• thin, firm and fibrous white flesh;
• low and very thin mushroom stem, narrowed at the base and with nutty spots on the surface.

In some whitish talkers, the caps at maturity take on a flat-depressed shape. In many representatives of the species, the edges of the caps are wavy.

Pendant

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Outwardly, talkers are very similar to hangouts. You can identify a double by the following criteria:

• relatively small size of mushrooms;
• more funnel-shaped outlines of the cap;
• the prevalence of white tones in the color of the fruit;
• falling plates that acquire a pinkish tint at maturity;
• thinner (up to 1 cm in thickness) and often curved leg;
• white pulp with a pronounced powdery odor;
• the ability to form mycorrhiza with apple and cherry;
• fruiting from July to September.

Hanging or sub-cherry is considered a good edible mushroom. Therefore, in this case, it is not scary to confuse the species.

Soap row

You can determine the soap row by the following features:

• dark central area on the cap;
• wrinkled surface of the cap, often mottled with cracks;
• fibrous cap edges;
• bitter pulp that turns red on contact with air;
• tapered leg, narrowed towards the bottom;
• the presence of black scales on the leg;
• a kind of soapy smell emanating from the fruit.

Soap ryadovka belongs to the conditionally edible group of mushrooms. After heat treatment, its fruits can be used to prepare mushroom dishes.

Edible talkers with photos

In order not to confuse edible varieties with poisonous ones, they need to be able to distinguish them by their appearance. Distinctive features and description of edible varieties with photos are presented below.

Bent talker

This mushroom grows both singly and in large groups-circles, which are localized mainly at the edges of the forest, near roads and in thickets of bushes. The mushroom has a large, smooth cap, the diameter of which often exceeds 12 cm. It is dirty yellow in color. The plates are white, gradually acquiring a pinkish tint.

The leg is dense in consistency and high, about 15-20 cm. The color is the same as the cap. The pulp is dry.In young mushrooms, it is white, and over time it becomes brown and acquires an unpleasant odor, therefore only young fruiting bodies need to be collected. The peak yield occurs at the end of summer and lasts until October. For cooking, only young mushrooms are used, which are pickled or boiled.

Gray

The hat of this variety is inferior in size to the previous one and has an average diameter of 8-15 cm. It is thick and fleshy in consistency, and can be in different shades of gray in color. The plates are also characterized by a gray tint. The leg is wide, dense, low, matching the color of the cap.

The pulp exudes a soap-like aroma. Most often, the mushroom is found in mixed and coniferous forests in large groups. It can be found in the forest from late summer to November. Before salting or pickling a gray talker, it must be thermally treated - boil for 30-40 minutes in boiling water.

Goblet

A special feature of this variety is a goblet-shaped hat with a diameter of about 7-8 cm. It has edges wrapped inward, a glossy surface and is painted brown or ash gray. There are few plates, they are brown in color. The pulp is thin, watery in consistency.

The leg is high, about 10 cm, part of the ground is fluffy and widened. You can meet the goblet variety in coniferous, mixed, deciduous forests, where the forest litter is rich in organic matter. The peak of fertility occurs in August and lasts until September inclusive. They eat the mushroom boiled or salted.

Orange

Orange talkers often grow in small groups or singly. Fruiting from late summer to October. They are found in the humid part of coniferous or mixed forests, the litter of which contains a large amount of moss and fallen rotten leaves.

The mushroom is small in size, yellow-orange in color, gradually becoming faded. The plates smoothly pass to the leg, when pressed, they change color to a darker one. The leg is low, on average 5 cm, rounded, becomes thinner closer to the ground. The pulp is yellowish, odorless. They eat only a hat that is fried or boiled.

Funnel

The name of the variety speaks for itself, since the shape of the cap is very much like a funnel, it is about 8 cm in diameter. The surface is dry, the edges are wavy, and has a dirty yellow color. The plates smoothly pass onto the leg. The pulp has a mealy odor. The leg is high, 8 cm long, thin, solid.

Funnel talkers belong to the most common varieties of this species, and they can be found on fallen leaves near forest paths, in thickets of bushes in small groups or singly. Heat treated before cooking. This species can be dried and also consumed together with other mushrooms.

Anisova

Anise talkers belong to the less common varieties of this type. The main feature of this variety is the changeable shape of the cap. So, initially the mushroom has a cap curved inward, which straightens over time. The color is predominantly green, with a gray tint. The leg is low, rounded.

Giant

You can meet a giant talker in open areas, where it grows from August to October. The hat has a funnel-shaped shape and edges bent outward. The diameter is 12-15 cm, but some representatives can grow up to 30 cm. The surface is pleasant to the touch, silky, milky in color. The leg is dense and high.

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Interesting facts about the mushroom

• The reddish talker (Clitocybe rivulosa) emits a pale greenish light in the dark.
• Some species of this fungus grow in groups that form circles in forest clearings. Previously, they were called witch rings, it was believed that in such places the furies arrange their dances at night.
• Talkers should not be consumed with alcohol, it can lead to intoxication.

If, despite the above, you still decide to collect a false chanterelle, then remember that only caps of young mushrooms are used for food.Also, be sure to heat-treat the collected fruits, since the orange talker belongs to the conditionally edible species.

Description of the bent speaker

The cap of this mushroom is smooth with a tubercle in the center. Young specimens are easy to distinguish by the shape of the cap. Initially, it is convex, and then acquires a funnel-shaped depressed shape. The diameter of the cap can be up to 20 centimeters. The color of the cap is reddish, yellowish-brown or the color of baked milk. The skin of young mushrooms is smooth and shiny, and becomes dry and dull over time.

The cylindrical leg reaches a height of 15 centimeters, and its width is 2-3 centimeters. At the base, the leg is widened, longitudinally fibrous in structure, dry and dense. In young specimens, the leg is light yellow, and when the mushrooms mature, the leg becomes the same color as the cap, while the base acquires a brownish color.

The plates are thin, often located, descending, at first they are white, and then they become creamy or yellowish. The pulp has a pleasant taste and smell, at first it is white, and then it becomes fawn, thicker and denser. When cut, the flesh remains the same color. The spore powder is white, and the spores themselves are colorless ovoid.

Distribution locations

Bent Talker grows in deciduous and mixed forests. These mushrooms grow under low bushes on mossy surfaces. These are quite common mushrooms that settle both singly and in groups. Groups of mushrooms form circles, which are popularly called "witch's circles".

The bent talker creates mycorrhiza (union) with deciduous trees: oak, willow, birch. These mushrooms grow from early July to October, and the peak of fruiting occurs in August-September.

Taste qualities of the bent talker

It is a fairly good quality edible mushroom. In food, mainly the caps of young mushrooms are used, since the legs of the talkers are bent, fibrous and tough, so they are difficult to digest.

To prepare the bent talkers for food, they are pre-boiled for at least 20 minutes. These mushrooms are suitable for frying and pickling. They make delicious soups. Bent talkers give any dishes a subtle delicate aroma, so they are added to sauces. But you should not eat these mushrooms raw, because they contain enzymes that have a bitter taste.

During the heat treatment of bent talkers, their original sizes decrease, they are very fried and boiled.

Useful properties of bent talkers

The beneficial properties of these mushrooms have long been identified. Bent talkers have a positive effect on the work of the whole organism:

• They are used as a prophylactic agent against infectious diseases;
• They contain enzymes that remove toxins from the body;
• These mushrooms help to improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal system and restore the digestive process;
• Folded talkers contain B vitamins;
• They lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of blood clots.

In folk medicine, extracts and ointments are made from bent talkers, which are effective in the treatment of the respiratory tract, urolithiasis and in the healing of wounds.

Similar species

The bent talker is similar to a poisonous mushroom - a whitewashed talker. This poisonous mushroom is of a more modest size, whitish in color, with a mealy surface of the cap. It is very dangerous to confuse these mushrooms, since the whitewashed talker is deadly poisonous.

Also, the bent talker bears a resemblance to an edible mushroom - a giant talker. The giant talker looks like a mature, bent talker, but it can be larger, in addition, there is no tubercle in the center of its cap. A giant talker - an edible mushroom, but not as tasty in comparison with a bent talker.

Inverted Talker (Paralepista flaccida)

Systematics:

• Department: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Tricholomataceae (Tricholomaceae or Ordinary)
• Genus: Paralepista (Paralepista)
• Species: Paralepista flaccida (inverted talker)

Red & brown talker

Synonyms:

Hat with a diameter of 3-11 cm (sometimes up to 14 cm); at first it is convex with the edges tucked inward, with age it straightens out to a flat one or even takes the form of a shallow funnel or bowl; its surface is dry, almost smooth, matte, orange-brown or brick-colored; hygrophane (turns pale when dry). The edge of the cap is often wavy, with pronounced depressions such as the spout of a jug, which distinguishes this species from the similar funnel-shaped talker (Clitocybe gibba). There is evidence that sometimes in inverted talkers, which appear already very late in the fall, the cap remains convex, without forming the usual depression in the center.

The plates are descending, narrow, rather frequent, at first almost white, later pinkish-beige or pale orange, with age they become dark orange or pink-brown.

Leg 3-10 cm in height and up to 1.5 cm in diameter, more or less cylindrical, dry, finely pubescent; painted to match the cap, only slightly lighter; pubescent of whitish mycelium at the base.

The pulp is thin (in the cap), whitish, with a sweetish odor, which is sometimes compared to the smell of frozen orange juice or bergamot, without a pronounced taste.

Whitish to off-white spore print. Spores 4-5 x 3.5-4 µm, from almost spherical to broadly elliptical, finely warty, non-amyloid. Cystyds are absent. Buckled hyphae.

Chemical reactions KOH stains the surface of the cap yellow.

Ecology and distribution

Saprophyte, grows scattered or in close groups on a coniferous litter, often at the foot of anthills, sometimes on wet sawdust and wood chips. More often found in coniferous and mixed forests, sometimes it grows on humus-rich soils, where it forms spectacular "witch rings". A common species in the Northern Hemisphere, common in North America, mainland Europe and Great Britain. The period of active growth is autumn, until the onset of cold weather, however, in some places it can shift to winter (for example, the coast of California), or continue - in mild climates - until January (for example, in Great Britain and Ireland).

What can be confused with an inverted talker

The funnel-shaped talker (Clitocybe gibba) found in the same biotopes is distinguished by a paler coloration, the absence of a wavy edge, and significantly larger, elongated white spores. In addition, it has a much thicker flesh in the cap. Brown-yellow talker (Paralepista gilva) has a lighter, creamy yellow or brownish-yellow hue, and round watery spots (in youth) or dark rusty-brown spots (in more mature specimens) are visible on the cap. The much larger Lepista multiformis is found in open grassy areas (meadows, roadsides, parks and lawns), and has been recorded in Europe (rather rare).

According to some sources, the inverted talker is not poisonous, but its nutritional quality leaves much to be desired, and there is little point in collecting it. According to others, it is poisonous (contains muscarinic toxins).

Video about the mushroom Govorushka inverted:

Goblet goblet (Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis)

Goblet goblet (Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis) photo

The fungus is widespread. Grows in coniferous, mixed and deciduous forests on litter and rotten wood in August-September. The cap is 3-8 cm in diameter, goblet or cupped, grayish-brown, with a curled edge. The pulp is thin, watery, of the same color as the cap, the taste and smell are pleasant.

The plates are sparse, light brown or grayish brown, lighter than the caps, running down to the stem. Leg 3-10 cm long, 0.5-0.6 cm thick, the same color with the cap, hollow. Goblet goblet is edible, used boiled, salted and pickled.

Grooved talker (Clitocybe vibecina)

Synonyms:

• Eastern Talker

Hat: diameter of the cap is 1.5-5 cm. The hat is round, slightly convex at first and concave, extended later. Slightly funnel-shaped, with a dark umbilical depression in the middle. The hat is grayish-brown or grayish-white in color, which fades over time. The surface is smooth and dry, the constitution is watery. In dry weather, the cap can wrinkle and become creamy, in wet weather it becomes striped at the edges.

Plates: frequent, narrow, of various lengths. Since the time of the record, they have descended somewhat on the leg. Grayish or whitish in color, and sometimes grayish-brownish.

Leg: the leg is straight or curved, flattened or cylindrical. It becomes hollow with age. In the lower part it is grayish, in the upper part - with a whitish powdery bloom. At the base there is a leg with white fluff. In dry weather, the leg becomes brown.

Flesh: The flesh is whitish in color, becoming grayish in wet weather. The taste is mealy, soft. Can be rancid and starchy unpleasant. The smell is slightly mealy.

Spores are smooth, colorless, elliptical. Spores are not cyanophilic, that is, they practically do not stain with methylene blue. Inside, spores can be homogeneous or with irregular lipid droplets.

Spore powder: white.

Distribution: Grooved talker is rare. Usually grows in groups in pine forests. Growing time November-January. Prefers dry sparse coniferous forests up to heather wastelands. Sometimes found in deciduous forests - beech, oak, birch. As a rule, forms fruiting bodies on spruce and pine litter. Prefers poor acidic soils. It can also be found on the remains of coniferous bark and in moss.

Edible: mushroom Grooved talker - inedible.

Similarity:

Smelling talker (Clitocybe ditopa)

differs in a cap covered with a grayish or whitish bloom with a non-striped edge, smaller spores and a shorter stem.

Pale-colored talker (Clitocybe metachroa)

occurs mainly on leaf litter and has no flour odor.

Note: Talkers are the most common genus in Europe. It unites about a hundred species that are very similar to each other. It is quite difficult to determine this species, since the color of the fruit body changes significantly depending on the amount of moisture contained in it. Among the talkers there are edible species, there are low quality, there are those about which practically nothing is known, and there are also highly poisonous species. The poisonous species, as a rule, include white mushrooms: a waxy talker and a whitish talker.

Benefits and harm to the body

The flesh of edible smoky talkers contains a large amount of minerals, vitamins, fiber and organic acids. It is especially worth highlighting the substance nerabulin in the composition of the pulp, on its basis antibiotics are made, which have a beneficial effect in severe diseases, including tuberculosis.

Thanks to its valuable composition, the smoky govorushka brings a beneficial anti-inflammatory effect, strengthens the immune system and increases overall endurance. Eating mushrooms is beneficial as a source of quality vegetable protein.

At the same time, one must remember about the potential dangers of an edible talker. Overdosing or consuming a product that has not undergone quality processing leads to food poisoning. It is not recommended to use smoky talkers for people with chronic ailments of the stomach and intestines, it is better to refrain from them with frequent constipation and sluggish digestion.

Attention! In general, there are no useful talkers for pregnant women and children who have not yet reached the age of 7 years, possible intoxication is especially dangerous for an organism with hypersensitivity