The hygrocybe is beautiful: what it looks like, where it grows, is it possible to eat, collection rules, photo

Crimson hygrocybe: edibility, description and photo

Crimson hygrocybe is an edible specimen of the Gigroforov family. The mushroom belongs to the lamellar species, it can be distinguished by its small size and bright red color. In order not to harm your health and not to collect inedible copies, you need to know a detailed description, see photos and video materials.

What does a crimson hygrocybe look like?

You should start your acquaintance with a view with external data. The cap in young bell-shaped specimens, as it ripens, partially straightens, leaving a slight rise in the center. The furrowed surface is slimy, bright red or orange in color.

In rainy weather, the mushroom becomes covered with mucus.

The spore layer consists of thick, sparsely planted plates. At the beginning of growth, they are colored in a pale orange color, then they become deep red. Reproduction is colorless, medium-sized ovoid spores.

The hollow stem is thick and long. The surface is striated, bright red. The reddish flesh is strong, fleshy, with a pleasant mushroom taste and aroma. Due to its high nutritional qualities, the mushroom is widely used in cooking.

Where does the crimson hygrocybe grow

Crimson hygrocybe grows in mixed forests on acidified soil. The species is widespread, settles in close groups in open places. Fruiting from June to August. Widely distributed in Siberian forests and the Far East.

Is it possible to eat crimson hygrocybe

Crimson hygrocybe is an edible specimen. Due to its good taste and aroma, the mushroom belongs to the second group of edibility.

False doubles

Hygrocybe crimson, like any representative of the gifts of the forest, has similar twins. Such as:

1. Cinnabar red is an inedible member of the family. It can be recognized by a small open hat of orange-red color. At a young age, the surface is scaly; as it grows, it becomes smooth. In rainy weather, the cap becomes covered with a mucous layer. The cylindrical stem is fragile, thin, colored to match the cap. Red-orange pulp without pronounced taste and smell. The species is widespread in open forest glades, in mossy grassy forests, in a swampy place.

Fruits during the entire warm period

Fruits in autumn before the first frost

The mushroom has no nutritional value

The crimson hygrocybe differs from all of the above twins in its large size.

Collection rules

Mushroom picking is carried out in dry, sunny weather. Since the mushroom, like a sponge, absorbs toxic substances, the collection site is chosen far from roads and industrial enterprises. When a species is found, so as not to damage the mycelium, it is cut off with a sharp knife or carefully twisted. The place of growth is covered with an earthen or deciduous substrate.

Since the crimson hygrocybe has twins that are not eaten, it is important to be sure of the authenticity of the species. Experienced mushroom pickers recommend, when meeting with an unfamiliar specimen, not to pluck it, but to walk by

Use

Crimson hygrocybe is appreciated by mushroom pickers because of its pleasant taste and smell. After heat treatment, the mushroom harvest is consumed fried and stewed. It can be preserved and frozen for the winter.Pickled mushrooms are considered the most delicious.

Despite the edibility, crimson hygrocybe is not recommended for children under 7 years of age, pregnant women, people with gastric diseases.

Conclusion

Hygrocybe Crimson is a delicious mushroom that grows in open areas in mixed forests. Bears fruit in the second half of summer. Used in cooking fried and canned

Since the mushroom has false counterparts, it is important to know the external data, view photos and videos

Edibility

Dung beetles include more than 20 types of mushrooms. This representative of the mushroom kingdom belongs to conditionally edible. It is edible while young and the plates are white.

It is not suitable for changing the color of the plates to yellow or pink.

Experienced mushroom pickers boil and fry them. Only hats are good for food.

For drying, they are also not suitable, since in the air they turn into an eerie black mass. Along with harmless species, there are also weakly poisonous ones. When consumed, such specimens will not lead to severe poisoning, but will cause a weak hallucinogenic effect and indigestion.

Common types of dung beetle

dung beetle white

White or shaggy (Coprinus comatus). The most common. It always grows in huge densely standing groups. The cap is ovoid in shape, scattered with scales. There is a brownish tubercle in the center. Bends along the edges to the leg. The plates of young individuals are white, then they turn pink and turn black at one point. Some time after ripening, the cap shrivels, darkens and becomes like a black gruel. The leg is thin and long, thickens towards the base, hollow inside. The white pulp of a young mushroom has a pleasant smell. In some European countries it belongs to delicacies.

dung beetle Gray

Gray or inky. The cap is ovoid, with time it becomes bell-shaped. Gray-brown in color, usually darker in the center, covered with small scales, fibrous is characteristic. In an adult mushroom, cracks appear along the edges. Width 2-5 cm, height 3-7 cm. The pulp is light, but darkens quickly at the break. The leg is hollow in white. It thickens towards the bottom and takes on a yellowish tint. The plates are frequent, free, at the beginning white-gray, then darkened. It got its name since ancient times, when old blackened copies were used instead of ink. It has been proven that gray caprinus contains substances that are incompatible with alcohol-containing beverages. The use of mushrooms and alcoholic beverages leads to poisoning.

Shimmering. Outwardly, it is very similar to a white toadstool. It grows on rotten and old stumps, preferring moist soil. The cap is brown, ovoid, and then bell-shaped, small, only 1-4 cm in diameter. Covered with multiple shiny (or shimmery) scales that are easily washed off with water. The white, thin flesh has a pleasant mushroom smell. The leg is long, thick and hollow, white. There is no ring on it. Spore powder of brown-black color. The plates are frequent, at first white, then darken, turn black and decompose.

Ordinary. The cap is small, only 1-3 cm in diameter. At the beginning of the ripening period - elliptical, with a light felt bloom. In adulthood - bell-shaped, cracked into separate fibers, with remnants of a felt blanket, radially ribbed, with an uneven edge, gray, with a brownish center. In mature fruit bodies, it bends and blackens along the edge, and then begins to decompose. The plates are white, loose, frequent, gray and then black. The stem is cylindrical, has a thickening at the base, is hollow inside, brittle, with a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 cm, a length of 5-10 cm. The surface is fibrous, with a tapered process, white. Spore powder, black. The pulp is white, then gray, fragile, thin, without a specific smell.

Dyatlovy. They also call the magpie or the motley one. The cap is conical, in mature mushrooms it is broadly bell-shaped, 5-10 cm in diameter. Almost all young fruiting bodies are covered with a white felt blanket.As it develops, the bedspread breaks and only large white flakes remain. The surface of the cap is brown, yellow or black-brown. In mature mushrooms, the edges sometimes bend to the top, and then blur along with the plates. The plates are convex, frequent, free. First white, then pink, ocher-gray, eventually black. The pulp is white, thin, sometimes brownish. The stem is thin, cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the cap, 0.5-1.5 cm thick, 10-30 cm high, with a slight tuberous thickening, fragile. The surface is white, smooth, but sometimes flaky. The taste and smell are not expressed.

Woodpecker dung

Synonyms: Coprinus picaceus

Specifications:

• Group: lamellar
• Records: loose

Melanogaster Bruma: edible or not, description and photo

Melanogaster Bruma is an inedible representative of the Svinushkov family. The species got its name in honor of the English mycologist Christopher Broome. Also, in some sources, the mushroom is called "false truffle". Since it is not used for cooking, you need to know the external characteristics, view photos and videos.

What melanogaster Bruma looks like

The spherical or tuberous fruiting body reaches up to 8 cm in size. In young specimens, a smooth or slightly velvety surface is painted in a light coffee color, with age it becomes dark chocolate.

The pulp is dense, gelatinous, initially brown, then becomes gray-black with pronounced light streaks. Reproduction occurs by microscopic spores, which are located in a dark powder.

Where melanogaster Bruma grows

Melanogaster Bruma grows shallow underground, under a thick layer of deciduous substrate. Prefers deciduous forests, begins bearing fruit from June to October.

This representative is a rare specimen, in the Novosibirsk region the mushroom is listed in the Red Book. Therefore, in order to increase the population, it is better to pass by this species.

Is it possible to eat melanogaster Bruma

This forest dweller is inedible, despite the fact that the pulp has a pleasant fruity aroma. May cause food poisoning if eaten. Therefore, in order not to harm the body, it is necessary to be able to recognize this instance and know the first signs of intoxication:

• nausea and vomiting;
• cold, clammy sweat;
• lowering blood pressure;
• pain in the epigastric region.

Melanogaster Bruma, like many forest dwellers, has similar brethren. These include:

1. The Italian truffle is a delicious, edible species that prefers to grow in deciduous forests, on calcareous soil. It can be recognized by its tuberous fruiting body, with a whitish-yellow velvety skin. The gray-yellow pulp has a cheese-garlic smell and taste. Since the mushroom does not tolerate heat treatment, it is eaten fresh. It goes well with fish, vegetable and meat dishes, and is also used to flavor sauces and seasonings. Used fresh in cooking
2. Summer truffle is a tasty and healthy forest dweller. The warty surface is gray-black. The light brown flesh has a nutty flavor and a strong aromatic odor. Grows on the territory of Russia, in deciduous forests. Fruiting occurs from July to November. To collect mushrooms, a specially trained dog is often taken as an assistant. Grows underground in deciduous forests

Conclusion

Melanogaster Bruma is a rare, inedible species that grows in deciduous forests. Since the species is not used in cooking, and it is listed in the Red Book, it is necessary to pass by the found specimen.

Agrocybe cultivation technology

Agrocybe is one of the oldest cultivated edible mushrooms. Already the Romans highly appreciated them along with mushrooms, porcini mushrooms and truffles. The ancient authors Dioscorides and Pliny also mentioned the first attempts to cultivate mushrooms.Then mushrooms were grown very simply: ripe caps were placed on logs or stumps. Then they waited for the spores to sprout and the mycelium wraps around the wood. The Romans were world famous gourmets

Therefore, in our latitudes, more attention should be paid to the cultivation of this mushroom.

Agrocybe in nature

Poplar agrocybe is also known under the names poplar mushroom, thermophilic agrocybe, black poplar mushroom and piopino in Italy and Spain. Scientific synonyms (names of the same type given by different scientists):

• Agaricus cylindraceus - cylindrical vole;
• Pholiota cylindracea - cylindrical foliota;
• Pholiota aegerita - poplar foliot.

The cap is 6-15 cm, at first hemispherical, then from convex to flat, with a slightly pronounced tubercle. The color when young is dark brown, almost black, then ocher, brownish, later - white, gray. The skin is smooth, dry, silky, covered with a mesh of cracks. The pulp is fleshy, white or slightly brownish, has the smell of wine or rancid flour, the taste of flour. The stem is cylindrical, 8-15 cm long, 1-3 cm in diameter, silky, covered with dense pubescence above the ring. The plates are thin and wide, narrowly accrete, light at the beginning, later brown, with a lighter margin. The ring is well developed, white, brown when ripe, strong, set high. The spore powder is clay-brown.

It grows on living and dead deciduous trees, most often on willows and poplars, but also on others - on birches, elms, elderberries and fruit trees. Fruiting in numerous groups both in natural conditions and during industrial cultivation.

The mushroom is very rich in methionine. It is recognized in folk and modern scientific medicine as useful in the treatment of chronic headaches and in the treatment of hypertension. It is known as a producer of polyacetylene antibiotics. The complex drug, called agrocybin, is active against a large group of bacteria and fungi. Lectin, which has an anticancer effect, was isolated from the fruiting bodies of the agrocybe (research is currently underway). The recently discovered haloperoxidase, which has a number of unique properties as a biocatalyst, is also of biotechnological interest.

And, of course, agrocybe has all the properties of other mushrooms:

• high nutritional value;
• low calorie content;
• the presence of elements necessary for the body: proteins, vitamins and minerals;
• environmentally friendly product.

Agrocybe grows in abundance on wood chips, often forming a large drusen, both naturally and under controlled industrial cultivation.

This fungus places very high demands on the microbiological purity of the substrate components. The raw materials must be the freshest. Even traces of mold or bacterial contamination are unacceptable.

The composition of the substrate should include: base - sawdust, cotton bolls, straw, etc., a mandatory nutritional supplement - soy flour, bran, etc., as well as a mineral additive - lime, chalk, gypsum.

The pre-moistened substrate is placed in heat-resistant containers and sterilized. After the sterile blocks have cooled, they are inoculated with agrocybe mycelium under sterile conditions and remain in these conditions until the block is completely overgrown. The optimum temperature during overgrowth is 21-27 0 С.

At a young age, mushrooms are dark brown, almost black in color.

After the block is completely and evenly overgrown, it is necessary to make small cross-shaped cuts on it, through which mushrooms will grow, or open the upper part of the container.

At a young age, mushrooms are dark brown, almost black in color. The optimum air temperature during fruiting is 15-18 0 С, humidity is 90-95%.

Overripe mushrooms throw out brown spores, the edges of the caps crack.

Agrocybe extracts nutrients directly from the top layer of the mycelium.That, in turn, is sensitive to the ingress of condensate (fog) on ​​the surface. If it is not possible to avoid this effect, the use of casing layer is justified.

The commercial mushroom has a pleasant aroma and dense texture.

Hygrocybe Beautiful what it looks like, where it grows, is it possible to eat, collection rules, photo

Hygrocybe Excellent: edibility, description and photo

Hygrocybe the Beautiful is an edible representative of the Gigroforaceae family, of the order Lamellar. The Latin name of the species is Gliophorus laetus. You can also meet other names: Agaricus laetus, Hygrocybe laeta, Hygrophorus houghtonii.

How does a hygrocybe look Beautiful

In order not to collect inedible specimens in the basket, you need to get acquainted with the specifics of the construction of the Beautiful hygrocybe.

The mushroom does not stand out for its large size. The diameter of the cap can range from 1 to 3.5 cm. First of all, the cap is convex; as it grows, it opens, becoming flattened or depressed. The color of the cap can vary from lilac-gray to wine-gray with olive overflow. Older specimens develop reddish-orange or reddish tints. The surface is smooth and slimy.

There is no ring on the leg of the beautiful hygrocybe

The color of the pulp is slightly lighter than the color of the cap. Mushroom aroma is weak. The taste is also unexpressed.

The length of the leg can be from 3 to 12 cm, the thickness is 0.2-0.6 cm. The color is similar to the color palette of the cap, in most cases a grayish-lilac shade dominates. The leg is hollow in the middle, the surface is smooth, slimy.

Plates appear under the cap. They grow to the leg or descend on it. The edges of the lamellar layer are even, the color is similar to the color of the cap, the edges can vary in pinkish-lilac tones.

Spores are ovoid or elliptical.

Where does the hygrocybe grow Beautiful

This type of mushroom is found in Europe, Japan and America. Prefers humus soil, grows in coniferous and mixed forests, loves moss or grass bedding. It often grows in groups, found in thickets of bushes.

The fruiting period is in the summer months. The first copies are found in July, the last ones in September.

False doubles

Hygrocybe the Beautiful can be confused with all other representatives of the species:

yellow-green has slightly spacious dimensions. The diameter of the cap can be from 2 to 7 cm. The bright lemon-green or orange-yellow coloring of the mushroom is the main difference from the Beautiful hygrocybe, which has olive-lilac shades. A yellow-green representative is rare, common in Eurasia and North America. It has low taste qualities, therefore it is rarely used in food. The season of occurrence is from May to October. Grows singly or in small groups. You can find them in the forests, in the meadows;

The characteristic characteristic of a yellow-green hygrocybe is a bright lemon color palette

pseudo-conical also stands out for its large size. The diameter of the cap can vary between 3.5-9 cm. The color palette is reddish-orange, yellowish. The color of the leg is slightly lighter, maybe lemon yellow. Blackness appears at the site of injury. The mushroom does not stand out with a pronounced taste and aroma. Refers to toxic specimens. Its use in food is dangerous for mild indigestion;

Pseudo-conical hygrocybe is a dangerous member of the family

Pseudo-conical hygrocybe is a dangerous member of the family

meadow has a flat-conical cap measuring from 2 to 10 cm, orange. The surface is slippery in high humidity. The leg is fragile, fibrous. The plates are slightly lighter than the entire surface. The color of the spore powder is white. Occurs in meadow glades, on forest edges, bears fruit from September to November. Refers to conditionally edible specimens;

Conditionally edible mushroom - meadow hygrocybe

the crimson variety stands out with a reddish-crimson hue, in places turning into orange.Representatives of this species are found everywhere in wet areas.

Mushrooms have an excellent taste, so they can be fried and canned

Consumption

It is advised to boil for at least 20 minutes, then drain the water, and add the mushrooms to the soup, fry or stew with vegetables. It can be the best alternative to the usual mushrooms in cooking.

Conclusion

Hygrocybe the Beautiful is a mushroom that can be used to prepare various dishes. Due to its small size, it is rarely harvested, mistaken for toxic specimens.

Hygrocybe cinnabar red

Hygrocybe cinnabar red (Hygrocybe miniata)

Synonyms: Hygrophorus miniatus

Hygrocybe cinnabar-red (Hygrocybe miniata) has a bell-shaped cap at first, then prostrate, with a smoothed tubercle with a diameter of 1-2 cm, fiery or orange-cinnabar-red, first with small scales, then smooth. The edge is ribbed or cracked. The skin is matte, with a light bloom. The leg is cylindrical, thin, fragile, narrowed downwards and even slightly curved. The plates are sparse, wide and fleshy, slightly descending towards the peduncle. There is little pulp, it is watery, almost odorless and tasteless. The pulp is thin, red, then yellowing. Spores are white, smooth, in the form of short ellipses, 8-11 x 5-6 microns in size.

VARIABLE The bright red cap is sometimes framed by a yellow rim. The plates can be yellowish, orange or red with a light yellow edge.

Habitat Occurs in meadows, grassy and mossy places, along forest edges and glades, in wetlands in June - November.

SEASON

SIMILAR SPECIES Cinnabar red hygrocybe is very similar to the edible marsh hygrocybe (Hygrocybe helobia), which is mainly distinguished by white-yellowish plates in youth and grows in swamps and peat bogs.

GENERAL INFORMATION hat with a diameter of 1-2 cm; color red leg 3-6 cm high, 2-3 mm thick; color red plates orange-red flesh reddish odor no taste no spores white food quality Here opinions differ from different sources. Some argue that it is inedible, others say that the mushroom is edible, but it has no practical value.