Variegated sarcodon

Growing

A large number of wild-growing mushrooms, including the barnacle, are difficult to cultivate artificially, so very rarely people wonder how to grow a barnacle mushroom with their own hands.

The easiest way to grow a mushroom is to buy ready-made mycelium, which is sold in stores, on the Internet and on official websites. If it is planned to grow mushrooms outside, then planting should take place from April to October. This type of mushroom also feels great indoors, so it would be advisable to breed herders in the basement or shed, where they can grow all year round.

How to grow a hedgehog:

1. To begin with, you should cut down a deciduous log, not necessarily rotten.
2. Branches can be cut off, but the bark must not be touched, the wood must be wet.
3. The wood is left in a warm, ventilated room for 7 days.
4. Next, you need to drill a hole with a diameter of 1 centimeter and a depth of 40 millimeters. Several such holes need to be made in a checkerboard pattern.
5. It is in these holes that the mycelium is placed.
6. Wrap the logs in polyethylene with holes so that the wood breathes.
7. The logs are transported to a warm room, where the sun's rays do not penetrate; it must be watered three times a day so that moisture does not disappear.
8. As soon as the first filaments of the mushroom appear, the wood is placed in cold water for a day.
9. Then the chocks are moved to a bright room and placed vertically.

At the end of autumn, the chocks are covered with foliage or are taken to the basement. The first harvest will be in 6 months, then for two weeks the mycelium needs to be watered only occasionally. Then collect mushrooms as they grow, and it is better to collect young mushrooms.

There are only four types of hedgehog mushroom, each of them is unique in its own way. Some varieties are of great benefit to the body, but mushrooms cannot be abused, since this is a heavy product. Before going into the forest for mushrooms, you should study all the mushrooms in detail so as not to pluck a poisonous mushroom due to inexperience and not get poisoned by it.

Hericium is motley.

The fungus is widespread in conifers and spruce forests. He likes sandy soil. Grows singly, sometimes there are groups of three to five specimens. Mushroom pickers consider it to be an autumn mushroom. It grows successfully before the first snow appears.

• A large cap grows up to 20 centimeters. The color of the cap is brown. Closer to the center, the brown color darkens. A ripe mushroom has a flat cap slightly depressed in the center. Dry and hard to the touch, it is covered with thick dark scales. The scales are easily detached from the cap. The edge of the cap is wavy, curved inward. At the bottom of the cap are whitish needles. Over time, the color of the needles turns gray.
• Young mushrooms have dense white flesh with a yellowish tint. Ripe mushrooms have a hard brown flesh.
• The sturdy leg is dry to the touch. At the base it expands quite noticeably. The solid stem becomes hollow when ripe. At the top, the leg is painted in the color of the cap, at the base there is a brown color.

The use of black hairs.

These mushrooms, when eaten, do not delight anyone, but they will not let anyone die of hunger. Only young mushrooms can be cooked. Due to the lack of flavor, mushrooms are cooked with other, more aromatic mushrooms.

Before cooking, you must remove the needles from the bottom of the cap. If this is not done, the needles will fall off the mushroom and the whole dish will turn into an unpleasant porridge. The mushrooms can be dried successfully.

They are assigned the fourth category. Mushrooms have a wonderful property - they cannot be poisoned!

Spotted Hericium (Sarcodon Imbricatus)

• Other names for the mushroom:
• Hericium scaly
• Variegated sarcodon

Synonyms:

• Hericium tiled
• Hericium scaly
• Sarcodon tiled
• Variegated sarcodon
• Kolchak
• Sarcodon squamosus

Hat: at first the hat is flat-convex, then it becomes concave in the middle. In diameter 25cm. Covered with tiled lagging brown scales. Velvety, dry.

Flesh: thick, dense, whitish-gray in color with a spicy odor.

Disputes: on the underside of the cap there are densely spaced conical spines, pointed thin, about 1 cm long. At first, the thorns are light, but with age they become darker.

Spore powder: brown.

Leg: 8 cm long. 2.5 cm thick. Solid, smooth cylindrical shape of the same color with a cap or slightly lighter. Sometimes there are specimens with a purple stem.

Distribution: Variegated Hericium is found in coniferous forests. Growing time is August - November. A rather rare mushroom that grows in large groups. Prefers dry sandy soils. Distributed in all forest zones, but not equally, in places it is absent altogether, and in places it forms circles.

Similarity: The variegated Hericium can only be confused with similar species of Hercules. Related species:

• Finnish Hericium, characterized by the absence of large scales on the cap, dark pulp in the stem and an unpleasant, bitter or peppery taste
• Hericium is rough, which is slightly smaller than motley, with a bitter or bitter aftertaste and, like the Finnish, dark flesh in the leg.

Edible: The mushroom is good for human consumption. Young mushrooms can be eaten in any form, but tastes best when fried. The bitter taste disappears after boiling. The motley herringbone has an unusual spicy smell, so not everyone will like it. Most often, it is used as a condiment in small quantities.

Video about the Motley Hericium mushroom:

Remarks: Sarcodon imbricatus grows in the darkest and most inaccessible places on dry sandy soils.

Leena Riihelä, a super-master at dyeing wool with natural dyes, writes on her blog:

Here on WikiMushroom, Sarcodon squamosus is spelled out the old fashioned way, as a synonym for Sarcodon imbricatus. For the time being, these barnacles remain to be defined as one species, since the exact definition will be extremely difficult, and from a culinary point of view, there is not much difference.

The benefits and nutritional value of the mushroom

The mushroom, due to its composition, boasts a high content of fiber, carbohydrates and proteins. It also contains all the necessary macronutrients and micronutrients. The energy value of 100 grams of mushroom is 22 Kcal.

Vitamins contained in blackberries:

• Vitmin PP,
• vitamin C,
• fish flavin,
• vitamin B4,
• pantothenic acid,
• betaine,
• vitamin D,
• vitamin D2,
• vitamin K

As for microelements and macronutrients, they are as follows in the black man's man:

The product also contains:

• aminopropanoic acid,
• diaminohexanoic acid,
• leucine,
• glutamic acid,
• amino succinic acid.

Due to its unique composition, the mushroom is actively used in folk medicine. Active ingredients that help to cure many diseases:

1. Campesterol. In its structure, this substance resembles cholesterol. When a substance enters the body, it mixes with bad cholesterol, this contributes to the natural exit from the human body.
2. Glutamic acid. Thanks to her, the taste of the mushroom becomes spicy, regenerates muscle tissue and is a source of energy.
3. Aspartic acid. It normalizes the endocrine system, it is also a growth hormone.
4. Potassium maintains the body's water balance, also improves heart rate and normalizes blood pressure.
5. A nicotinic acid. Takes an active part in the synthesis of proteins and energy metabolism.

Procurement and storage

Fresh variegated Hericium will be stored for a short time. After a few hours at room temperature, the mushroom will begin to darken, so it must be immediately placed in the refrigerator or cooked within 3-5 hours after picking.If it is not possible to cook the mushrooms right away, you can store them in the refrigerator. For about 3 days, the mushroom will be in a normal state, but then it will definitely need to be processed. However, even before placing the mushrooms in the refrigerator for storage, they need to be prepared. Here are some simple rules to help you avoid mistakes:

1. Rinse the mushrooms and soak them in salt water for several hours. This will help remove the pests from the mushrooms.
2. Dry the mushrooms and remove any damaged areas on the stem and cap.
3. Place the mushrooms in a deep bowl. Cover with a napkin tightly enough so that nothing comes into contact with the mushroom.

Since mushrooms absorb other odors very quickly, they do not need to be stored with other foods. But it is also prohibited to hide mushrooms in a plastic bag. To store mushrooms for a long time, use salting. They can be stored frozen, but even here the time will depend on the temperature. For example, at home, at a temperature of -12 degrees, mushrooms will be stored for up to three months, at a temperature of -18 degrees - up to six months and at a temperature of -24 degrees - up to a year.

How to cook blackberries correctly

Due to the different morphology of the blackberry mushrooms, preparation may vary. Some mushrooms can be salted, pickled and dried (variegated blackberries), while others can only be fried.

The general rule for cooking for all types of blackberries is that it is best to take young, dense caps without visible damage for cooking.

If you can suspect by the color of the pulp that the mushroom's first youth has already passed, but you still want to cook it, you will have to boil it for about ten minutes, then drain the water, rinse the mushroom and then fry or stew it. This treatment will help get rid of the bitter taste. Drying the boiled mushroom is not worth it.

A very old mushroom is not edible, and not only because it is bitter: it has hopelessly spoiled dried pulp.

By the way, some types of blackberries find unexpected uses: Norwegian producers of natural sheep yarn extract the pigment from the scaly mushroom, which gives the wool the color of the sea wave. For this, only old mushrooms are used.

The blackberry mushroom can be called an old and good friend, whose useful properties and qualities have not yet been fully understood by us. But now it's time to get to know him and enrich at least your culinary world with dishes from this mushroom.

Areas of growth of the coarse hedgehogs.

Hericum's rough grow in wooded areas. They settle in groups or rings. It is a rarer mushroom than tiled hedgehog, the places of growth of these species do not coincide. These mushrooms prefer pine forests. They bear fruit from August to October. Mass growth is observed at the beginning of September.

The forms of the rough hairs.

There is an early form within the species. This variety is smaller and lighter in color. Her hat is pinkish-gray-brown. This form grows in spruce forests and forests mixed with spruce and pines. Often these mushrooms hide in moss.

Twins of the Rough Hercules.

In similar places, hairy melast grows, outwardly similar to a rough hedgehog. The chalk is smaller, its color is red-orange, and very short light brown hairs run along the edge of the cap.

The coarse hedgehog has similarities with representatives of the genus Aleuria, but the latter have smaller cups and they are less common.

Sarkoscifa bright red is also outwardly similar to a rough hedgehog, but its bowl is bright scarlet, up to 8 centimeters in diameter, its leg is short. Sarcocifa bears fruit at an earlier date.

There is also a certain similarity with the species of the genus Scutellinia. These mushrooms are found in similar locations.

Evaluation of the edibility of the rough barnacle.

Hericium is rough edible, but its flesh is bitter. These mushrooms are suitable for pickling. Their taste is pungent and pungent, so they are not very popular.

Related species.

Motley Hericium is a conditionally edible mushroom. His cap is grayish or brown with darker scales. At a young age, the scales are velvety, but later become tough. The shape of the cap is convex, depressed or funnel-shaped. The stem is thick, strong, slightly fibrous or smooth. The pulp is grayish or off-white. In youth, the pulp is juicy, with a pleasant smell, in old age it becomes dry, hard and it smells of rot.

Variegated hercocks bear fruit from August to October. They are common in the countries of the Eurasian continent. Motley hedgehogs settle on sandy soils. Their habitats are mixed and coniferous forests.

Hericium Erinaceus is an edible mushroom. The shape of the fruiting body is irregular, oval or round. The coloration of the crested hedgehog is yellow, cream or white. The pulp is fleshy, white, turns yellow when dry.

Herbaceous hedgehogs bear fruit from August to October. They are common in the Crimea, the Far East, and also grow in China. These settle on the trunks of diseased and weakened trees, as a rule, they germinate in places where the bark is broken.

Useful properties and contraindications

Hericium grows widely in northern China and has long been used in alternative medicine. Infusions, decoctions and compresses are prepared from it. Infusion of Hydnum repandum is good for depressive conditions.

Due to its beneficial properties:

• Interaction in the central nervous system improves.
• The work of the gastrointestinal tract is normalized.
• It has an antibacterial effect and increases the resistance of the immune system.
• The work of the endocrine glands is stabilized.
• The condition of the skin, nails and hair improves.
• It has a beneficial effect on the respiratory system.

Despite its benefits, it is not popular with collectors, as it is poorly distributed and little known.

It is also used in traditional medicine, making ointments for skin diseases.

Hericum motley, or sarcodon

This mushroom is not related to the yellow hedgehog. As the saying goes, "not only not a relative, but not even a namesake."

The motley hedgehog belongs to the genus Sarkodon of the Bunkerov family. The Latin name for the mushroom is Sarcodon imbricatus. The name "motley sarcodon" quite often sounds nowadays even in Russian.

Also called the scaly hedgehog, the tiled hedgehog. In some places they are called "chicken" or "hawk". I don't even try to explain the last two names - nothing comes to mind.

Herz's Man is called for the underside of the cap covered with light gray thorns. Such is the hymenophore (spore-bearing layer) of the variegated hedgehog. And only in this way the mushroom is similar to the yellow hedgehog. Spikes replace the tubes or plates that are more familiar to us.

Instead of plates or tubes, the variegated hedgehog has thorns

The cap can reach a diameter of 25 cm. At first it is dome-shaped, then it becomes convex-flat, and later it can become concave.

The surface of the cap is covered with large brown scales. They are arranged concentrically, quite tightly adjoining one to one, forming a kind of shingles. One edge of each scale is raised. But the mushroom still does not look "shaggy".

The surface of the scales is colored in darker tones. Sometimes they are almost black. But, rising above the surface of the cap, the scales reveal a lighter, brown or light brown skin. The mushroom looks variegated, which explains its specific name.

The stem is dense, somewhat thickened at the base. The color of the leg is gray-brown, sometimes even with a purple tint. The leg of young mushrooms is solid, and of old ones it is hollow inside.

It looks like a motley one from below

The flesh of the mushroom is white, with age it becomes light gray. The older the fruiting body of variegated hedgehog, the harder it is. In addition, with age, the mushroom becomes bitter.

The motley hedgehog grows throughout the forest belt of Russia and European countries (in temperate latitudes). Somewhere the mushroom is more common, somewhere less common. But its area is huge.

Mycorrhiza forms with conifers.Prefers sandy soils. In such conditions, mainly Scots pine grows in our country, and the motley hedgehog is one of the constant companions of this tree. Most often it can be found in pine forests.

Fruiting bodies are formed from the middle of summer, and the limit to this is usually set by autumn frosts. There are no "doubles" in the motley hedgehog, and there is no need to be afraid to confuse it with some kind of poisonous or inedible mushroom. But at a "mature age" the mushroom itself becomes poorly edible due to its hardness and bitterness.

How is variegated hair man used?

Usually only young fruiting bodies are collected, which have not yet fully developed. They have white flesh and a solid leg. Mushrooms, like the one in my photo, are no longer worth taking. In addition, the fruit body is damaged by insect larvae.

In this form, the mushroom is no longer taken

Sheep's mane is fried, sometimes salted hot (after ten minutes of boiling) and pickled. You can also dry it and then grind it into a powder used as a fragrant seasoning.

The mushroom has medicinal properties. But, like many other mushrooms, variegated black man's mane has never been used in folk medicine.

The substances of the black barnacle, extracted by scientists using various methods, have an antimicrobial effect on many types of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella.

Laboratory studies also show that preparations from this mushroom can be useful for cancer, stomach cancer, and leukemia.

However, I will clarify once again - these are the results of studies carried out, so to speak, "in vitro" ("in vitro"). Practical experience, real statistics of cures are not yet available.

But to collect the variegated hedgehog for culinary purposes, to use it for food - and why not?

Nutritional value and edibility

For a blackberry mushroom, a high-calorie is enough - 30 kcal per 100 g. The calorie is higher than its porcini mushroom, oyster mushroom and shiitake mushrooms. 100 g of blackberries contain 3.7 g of protein, slightly more than a gram of carbohydrates and almost 2 g of fat.

The cap of a young mushroom is edible in most blackberry species. Most species of this mushroom develop bitterness as they grow older, which can be removed if desired, but this is too troublesome. By the way, in many European countries you can find blackberries in the markets. This mushroom is very popular in the south of Europe - in Italy, France, Spain. On the American continent, blackberries are massively consumed in Mexico and Canada.

This mushroom is also prized in Southeast Asia, Japan and China. Cooking in these countries is not only cuisine, it is also philosophy and oriental medicine. They prepare dishes from blackberries, which, according to the chefs, prolong life, strengthen the body's defenses and affect the intimate sphere.

The main type of preparation of young mushrooms is frying; young fresh blackberries do not need preliminary boiling.

This mushroom has excellent taste, flesh with a rich, slightly sweet taste and a pleasant nutty slightly spicy aroma. In some countries, dried mushroom is used to make a mushroom seasoning powder for the first and second courses. Blackberry comb is used in traditional Japanese cuisine (sushi, sashimi) due to the fact that it has an original taste of seafood.

By and large, the use of blackberries in cooking is in many ways not so much a matter of taste as the tradition of a particular cuisine. For example, in French cuisine, many gourmet dishes are prepared from it, ranging from soups and side dishes to sauces and mousses.

And in Russian cuisine this mushroom corresponds to the fourth category according to the cook's scale. And if we take such a traditional Russian cooking method as harvesting for the winter, then blackberries are used extremely rarely in this capacity. It is possible that this is simply because there is no shortage of other mushrooms traditionally used for harvesting. Some species can be dried.

Variegated blackberry

The motley blackberry is also called a chicken, a hawk, a tiled and scaly mushroom due to its variegated color and the appearance of the upper part of the cap: it is covered with large scales, which resemble one tile, another chicken plumage.

A velvety, slightly convex in a young mushroom, the cap of a variegated blackberry reaches 20-25 cm in diameter, a concavity appears in the middle. The color of the cap is dark brown, with darker scales, the flesh of a young mushroom is white and juicy, as it grows, it acquires a grayish tint and becomes brown and dry, firm in the old mushroom. The thick leg of the ripe variegated blackberry becomes hollow inside. The spines of this fungus reach 1 cm in length; as the fungus ages, they acquire a dark brownish color.

White and yellow blackberries

Some scientists generally consider white and yellow (reddish-yellow) blackberries to be one type of mushroom, with the difference in the color of the caps clear from the name. A significant difference can be considered a more delicate taste of white blackberries. The cap of these types of mushroom is velvety, uneven, with the edges bent down (umbrellas), abundantly covered with short spines below, which easily crumble from touch. Reaches 15 cm in diameter. An adult mushroom tastes bitter, the pulp becomes dry. These mushrooms are easy to spot, they cover a solid carpet of bright, joyful, from pinkish to orange moss growth in the forests.

Combed blackberry

Crested blackberries (other names - mushroom noodles, lion's mane) grow on trees, this round or irregular growth grows up to one and a half kilograms in weight and up to 20 cm in diameter. Its entire surface is covered with long thin thorns that make up the spore-bearing layer, similar to wavy hair or thin noodles. The white, dense flesh turns yellow as the mushroom ages and as it dries.

Coral blackberry

Coral blackberry, also called coral mushroom or trellis blackberry, looks the most exotic. It really resembles a bright white coral bush covered with spines 1-2 cm long. In fact, it is not a bush, but a strongly divided mushroom cap, reaching 30 cm in diameter. The fibrous and firm pulp of coral blackberry has a pleasant taste and smell.

Its peculiarities include the fact that it grows in different climatic zones on different trees: in the southern regions it can be seen on oak, linden and elm, and in places with a temperate climate, the mushroom settles on birch and aspen.