Tinder fungus

4. Reproduction

There are several methods of reproduction of hosts at once, each one is good in its own way. Most often, plants are propagated by division during transplantation - the bushes quickly adapt to new conditions and start growing.

You can also grow hosta from seeds, but there are a few subtleties. Firstly, during seed propagation, many plants lose varietal characteristics, only species-specific bushes fully retain their attractive appearance. Secondly, seed reproduction is suitable only for patient growers - small plants develop rather slowly. Another disadvantage is the low percentage of seed germination.

The advantage of this method is that a large number of plants can be obtained at once. Seed propagation is often used by breeders when developing new varieties of flowers.

4.1 Growing from seeds

Sowing seeds is carried out in mid-spring, at home, using special seedling boxes with transparent lids or small trays. At the bottom of the containers there should be holes for moisture drainage, and a drainage layer of expanded clay or broken brick should be laid.

The boxes are filled with nutritious soil with a loose texture - a mixture of peat and river sand, taken in equal proportions, is suitable. The soil surface is thoroughly moistened with warm water from a spray bottle and the seeds are sown.

Since the seeds are large enough, it is easy to distribute them evenly and leave a distance of 3-4 cm between them. From above, the planting material is covered with a layer of substrate about 1 cm thick and the soil is re-moistened. To maintain high air humidity, containers are closed with lids or tightened with transparent film.

Seedlings are removed in a warm and well-lit place without direct sun. Every day, the shelter is raised and the crops are aired, gradually increasing the airing time. With the appearance of the first shoots - within 2 - 3 weeks after sowing - the shelter is completely removed.

When each bush can boast 2 - 3 real leaves, a dive is carried out - the plants are transferred to separate pots along with a lump of earth at the root, trying to disturb the root system as little as possible.

A week after the dive, mineral fertilizers with a high nitrogen content can be applied for the first time, but they should be diluted to a very low concentration.

Sowing seeds can also be carried out directly in open ground - at the end of May or the first half of June.

4.2 sharing hosts

The most common way of breeding funky. The division of large adult plants allows you to get a sufficient amount of planting material and is very easy.

The division is carried out in early spring, with the formation of the first, tightly rolled leaves, or after flowering - in late summer or early autumn. Flowering specimens should not be subjected to the procedure - the formation of buds takes a lot of energy from the plants.

The bushes are dug out of the ground and the root system is shaken off the rest of the soil. You can divide the plants by simply pulling the stems in different directions at the base.

You should not divide the bushes into too many divisions - it is worth remembering that each part obtained as a result of division should have its own roots with 2 - 3 buds and several leaf plates, collected in 2 - 4 leaf rosettes. The smaller the division, the longer it will develop and the higher the probability of its death.

The root system should consist of long, elastic roots - rotten or dry areas should be trimmed to healthy tissue with sterile and sharpened pruning shears.

Too weak and small cuttings are usually planted in the garden and covered with cut plastic bottles on top - they create a greenhouse effect and help maintain high humidity.To reduce moisture loss, leaf blades from such plants can be cut to half their length.

4.3 Cuttings

In late spring or early summer, shoots with a heel are separated from adult plants. Rooting is carried out under a cover made of transparent plastic or film. The fact that the plants have started up young roots can be judged by the young leaves that have appeared.

What is the danger of scaly tinder fungus for trees

The fungus uses special enzymes, which makes it possible to make soluble compounds from insoluble compounds. After a certain time, the tree begins to rot, dries up, becomes fragile, and then dies. The elm tree is able to break a tree to the ground, and then continue to feed on it.

The whole process takes several years, the result of parasitism is not immediately evident.

How to prevent tinder fungus from infesting trees

The purpose of preventive measures: to prevent disease, parasitic fungi settle only on weak specimens.

Prevention of all tree diseases comes down to constant care:

• watering;
• spraying;
• fertilizer.

3 Application in traditional medicine

There are many recipes for the preparation of various preparations based on tinder fungus. The most popular ones are:

Tinder fungus is actively used in cosmetology. You can use the following tools:

The oil is prepared according to the following recipe:

1. 1. Pour 3 tbsp. l. raw materials 500 ml of linseed or olive oil.
2. 2. Insist 14 days in a dark place.

You need to use the product for 2 tsp. half an hour before meals, 2 times a day. The course should last 3-4 months. The oil helps with bronchitis, pulmonary diseases, liver pathologies, obesity. It accelerates the process of removing toxic substances and carcinogens from the body. The tool is also recommended for use in intestinal dysbiosis.

Types and varieties of tricirtis with photos and names

Gardeners cultivate both species and varietal tricyrtis.

Taiwanese tricyrtis (Tricyrtis formosana), or Formosan tricyrtis

The height of the bush is about 0.8 meters. The surface of the shoots is fleecy. On the surface of the green glossy oval-shaped leaf plates, there are specks of dark red color. The surface of the flowers is lilac-pink or pink-white streaked with brownish-red specks.

Tricyrtis yellow (Tricyrtis flava = Tricyrtis yatabeana)

This species is native to the mountain forests of Japan. The surface of the stem is hairy, and its height can vary from 0.25 to 0.5 meters. The apical inflorescences consist of yellow flowers, as a rule, they are monochromatic, but sometimes they are spotty. This species is currently not yet very popular among gardeners.

Hairy tricyrtis (Tricyrtis pilosa = Tricyrtis maculata = Tricyrtis elegance)

The homeland of this species is the Himalayas, while these plants can be found at an altitude of up to 2 thousand meters above sea level. The height of the bush is about 0.6-0.7 meters. There is pubescence on the lower surface of broadly lanceolate leaf plates. Apical inflorescences of whitish flowers, on the surface of which there are large specks of purple color. This type is not yet very popular with flower growers.

Long-legged tricyrtis (Tricyrtis macropoda)

In nature, this species is found in the subtropical regions of Japan and China. The height of the bush varies from 0.4 to 0.7 m. The stem of the cylindrical shape is short pubescent in the upper part. The length of the stalk-embracing leaf plates is 8–13 centimeters, and their width is 3–6 centimeters, they have an ovoid or oblong shape. The terminal and axillary inflorescences consist of white fragrant flowers, on the surface of which there are many purple spots. Flowers are shorter than pedicels.

Tricyrtis broadleaf (Tricyrtis latifolia = Tricyrtis bakeri)

The homeland of this species is the shady forests of Japan and China. The height of the bush is about 0.6 m. On the surface of the green ovoid leaf plates, there are specks of dark color, which are especially clearly visible at the very beginning of growth. This species begins to bloom earlier than other tricyrtis species. The flowers are collected in apical bundles, they are painted in green-white color, and on their surface there are specks of a darker shade.

Tricyrtis hirta, or Uvularia hirta

This species is native to the subtropics of Japan. He is the most popular of all. The height of the bush can vary from 0.4 to 0.8 m. On the surface of the cylindrical stem, there is dense pubescence, consisting of a short pile.The length of the leaf plates is about 15 centimeters, and the width is about 5 centimeters, they have an elliptical or broad-lanceolate shape, and on their surface there is also pubescence, consisting of short hairs. The foliage at the top of the shoot is stalk-enveloping. Flowers can be single or collected in several pieces, they grow on the tops of the shoots or in the axils. There are many purple spots on the surface of the white flowers. Garden forms:

• short-haired Masamuna - the bush has no pubescence;
• short-haired black - speckles on the surface of the flowers have a darker color compared to the main species, and this variety blooms earlier.

But the most popular among gardeners are hybrids of this type of tricyrtis:

1. Dark Beauty. This variety is distinguished by its resistance. The flowers are pale pink, and on their surface there are many specks of dark purple color.
2. Raspberry Mousse. The flowers are brownish-purple, without specks.
3. Blue Haven. The leaf plates are leathery. Large bell-shaped flowers have light orange stamens and red pistils. The petals are blue at the base, and yellow at the tops, gradually turning purple with blue tips.
4. Pearl Beauty. There are many purple spots on the surface of the white flowers.

Also quite popular are such varieties as: Mayazaki, White Towers, Lilac Towers, Kohaku, Milky Way Galaxy, etc.

Tricirtis

Polyporus varius: photo and description

Tinder fungus (Cerioporus varius) is a representative of the Polyporovye family, the genus Cerioporus. A synonym for this name is Polyporus varius. This species is one of the most mysterious and poorly studied among all tinder fungi. Despite the very pleasant appearance and aroma, this specimen has no place in the general basket.

Description of the volatile polypore

The specimen has a pleasant mushroom aroma

The fruiting bodies of the variable tinder fungus are small, presented in the form of a small cap and a thin stem. The spores are smooth, cylindrical, and transparent. Spore white powder. Differs in elastic, thin and leathery pulp with a pleasant mushroom aroma.

Description of the hat

Spore-bearing layer finely porous, light ocher color

The cap of this specimen is spread with a deep central depression, reaches no more than 5 cm in diameter. At the initial stage of development, its edges are tucked up, and a little later they open. Painted in yellow-brown or ocher color, with time it acquires faded shades. The cap is smooth, fleshy in the center and thin at the edges, in old mushrooms it is fibrous. In wet weather, the surface is shiny, sometimes radial stripes appear. On the inner side there are small tubes of light ocher color, slightly rolling down on the stem.

Leg description

The flesh of this specimen is firm, while the old ones are woody.

The leg of the tinder fungus is straight and rather long, up to 7 cm in height, and up to 8 mm thick. Expands slightly at the top. In most cases, it is located in the center, rarely eccentric. Velvety to the touch, especially at the base. The structure is dense and fibrous. Painted in black or dark brown.

Where and how it grows

The favorite habitats of the tinder fungus are deciduous forests, especially where birch, oak and beech grows. It is also quite common on stumps, fallen branches and the remains of trees of any species.It settles not only in the forest, but also in parks and gardens. Located on wood, this species thereby contributes to the appearance of white rot. The best time for fruiting is from July to October. As a rule, it grows in the temperate northern zone. However, it is found in different parts of not only Russia, but also abroad. It can grow both singly and in groups.

Is the mushroom edible or not

Tinder fungus belongs to the category of inedible mushrooms. Despite its pleasant aroma, it has no nutritional value.

The species in question is not poisonous, but due to its tough pulp, it is not suitable for food.

Doubles and their differences

Tinder fungus, changeable in appearance, is similar to the following gifts of the forest:

1. Chestnut tinder fungus is inedible. The size of the fruiting body differs markedly from the variable one. So, the diameter of the double's hat varies from 15 to 25 cm. In addition, in this species, the leg is painted completely black. Quite often it can be found together with scaly tinder fungus.
2. May tinder fungus is an inedible specimen that begins its development in May. The color of the tubes and the shape of the cap are similar to the species in question. You can distinguish a double by a gray-brown scaly leg.
3. Winter tinder fungus - is considered inedible due to its tough pulp. The spore-bearing layer is finely porous, white or cream-colored. Despite the name, fruiting occurs from spring to autumn. The leg of this specimen is velvety, gray-brown, which is a distinguishing feature from the species in question. You can also recognize the double by the gray-brown or brown color of the cap.

Conclusion

Tinder fungus is a specimen that exhibits a radial pattern on the cap. It is quite easy to confuse it with some other polypores, but the distinguishing features are a tubular white layer, small pores, and a black and velvety stem at the base. In any case, all the varieties considered are not suitable for consumption, and therefore should not be included in the general basket for edible mushrooms.

Physiostegy care in the garden

In order for the physostegia to grow and develop normally, it must be systematically watered, after this procedure, the soil is compulsorily loosened together with the removal of weeds. The site must be covered with a layer of mulch, provide the plant with timely feeding, as well as protection from pests and diseases and preparation for wintering.

This flower is quite hygrophilous. In this regard, during the dry period, it must be watered in a timely manner. In the event that it rains systematically in the summer, then physical therapy can do without watering. It is necessary to remove weeds and loosen the soil surface after each rain or watering. In order to facilitate the care of physostegia, it is recommended to cover the surface of the site with a layer of mulch (humus or peat), in this case the number of weeding, loosening and watering will be significantly reduced.

If the soil is saturated with nutrients, then the subcortex of physostegy is arranged only 1 time per season and a water-soluble complex mineral fertilizer is used for this. Top dressing must be done together with watering. It is recommended to feed such a plant before flowering.

Reproduction of physostegia

This flower can be propagated not only by seeds, but also by a vegetative method, namely by dividing the rhizome or bush, layering, and also by cuttings. It is recommended to divide the bush in the spring (before the plant blooms) or at the end of the summer period (at the end of flowering). However, some gardeners divided the bush directly during flowering and the divisions took root very well, but in this case it is imperative to cut off all the inflorescences from the plant. Remove the bush from the soil and cut off the aerial part from it. Then it is divided into several parts. Plants should be planted in the same way as seedlings.

In the first summer weeks, you can try to propagate physostegia by cuttings.Cuttings are harvested before the plant blooms, while their length should be from 10 to 12 centimeters. Each cutting should have several pairs of buds. For rooting, they are planted in moistened sand, which is filled in a box or container. The container must be removed to a shaded place. The cuttings will overwinter in a cool room, and with the onset of the spring period they will need to be transplanted to a training bed. It will be possible to plant the cuttings in a permanent place only after another 1 year.

At a sufficient distance from the parent plant, layers with rosettes grow, while the oppression of flowers growing in the neighborhood does not occur. They should be dug up and transplanted into a shaded area. Before the layers are transplanted to a permanent place, they must be grown for 1 year.

In the autumn, the division of the rhizome is carried out. The separated white scraps are planted in a permanent place. They root very well, but it takes a little longer than rooting the cuttings. Remember that when fizostegia is propagated by dividing a bush, rhizomes or layering, the soil near the plants should be constantly slightly damp, but not soggy.

Transfer

In the second or third year of life, physostegy takes on the most spectacular appearance. Without a transplant, it can be grown for no longer than 5 years. Then the bushes are removed from the soil, divided and planted in new places. Physostegia should be transplanted and looked after during this period in the same way as during the initial planting. The transplanted plant needs abundant watering, and experienced gardeners also recommend immediately covering the surface of the site with a layer of mulch.

Diseases and pests

Such a plant has a very high resistance to diseases and pests. However, sometimes aphids can settle on the bush. To destroy such a harmful insect, the bushes should be sprayed with Biotlin, Antitlin, Aktellik or another insecticide designed to combat such pests.

If water stagnates systematically in the soil, then the plant may develop a fungal disease. In this case, it should be sprayed with a fungicide as soon as possible.

Emperor cylindrical Red Baron

This is the only genus of the Imperata, which is successfully used by landscape designers to add spectacularity to backyard areas, decorated in a natural, natural style. The plant is surprisingly undemanding and very easy to grow. Even a novice florist can easily cope with all the procedures.

Morphological features

1. Cylindrical empire (Latin Imperata cylindrica) has many different names: reed-shaped impera, alang-alang, kogon grass, cylindrical lagurus, kazaro, bloody Japanese grass, red lightning.
2. Belongs to the Cereals family and is a perennial, herbaceous plant. Its unusual color and unpretentiousness have been attracting gardeners in many countries for a long time. Red Baron (Red Baron) - the most famous variety and most often found in well-groomed areas.
3. In warm countries, the impera is considered a weed and a rather aggressive plant. She is able to quickly capture large areas and displace other garden plants (herbs and flowers). In the middle lane there is nothing similar to the imperate, so it really is a decoration, and gives a special mood to the site.
4. Stems and leaves are lanceolate, erect, tough. Not suitable as animal feed, have sharp edges and may injure.
5. Under natural conditions, stems with narrow leaves stretch up to 80 cm; in gardens, the Red Baron variety grows to about 40 - 45 cm. The leafy plates narrowed in the upper part are located on the stem alternately, stretching upward. Outwardly, their structure resembles a knife blade.
6. At first they have a bright emerald green color with a thin reddish edging. But closer to autumn, they gradually acquire a bright red, scarlet hue.
7. The root system is narrow and has numerous shoots spreading in different directions from the central rhizome.

It is extremely rare in April that the flowering period begins: a panicle is formed on a long peduncle with a huge number of whitish-cream-colored villi. Length 15 - 17 cm. Reproduction of the plant occurs with the help of lateral shoots.

The Red Baron variety differs from the species specimens in its ability to change color during the spring-summer season and in the structure of sharp and upward-looking leaves.

In many Asian countries, the impera is used in medicine and cosmetology, even as a covering for roofs. The plant perfectly tolerates temperature extremes and frost.

Application in landscape design

The impera looks very harmonious in Japanese gardens, giving a unique mood, and standing out with a bright accent spot.

Many growers represent the Imperate Red Baron variety in mixborders and among other original cereals.

Experienced plant breeders recommend planting the empire next to millet, junipers, bush roses, horny goat weed, miscanthus, cypress, primrose, elderberry and barberry, as well as in compositions with trimmed trees and shrubs.

The use of imperates to add brightness to a site is universal. It looks appropriate everywhere: in a garden decorated in the English style, stylized as a prairie thicket, and among ordinary garden flowers. Looks great among stones and conifers.