In which cups is it better to grow pepper seedlings

Hello dear readers!

As we already know, sweet peppers are a very thermophilic culture and, moreover, have a long growing season.

And therefore, in order to get a good harvest, and even as early as possible, it is necessary to grow this crop using seedlings.

Pepper grows well both in the greenhouse and in the open field, but we will not be able to sow it directly into the ground either in the north or even in the south. So we will master all the wisdom of planting sweet peppers through seedlings.

How to grow pepper seedlings? We will try to answer this question in this article. We cannot regulate the weather outside the window, but we will successfully create the desired microclimate at home.

Attached to cozy pots on a southern, warm windowsill, the peppers grow well and, then transplanted to the garden, turn into strong plants and give a good harvest.

In addition, growing pepper seedlings has the following advantages. For a vegetable grown by the seedling method:

• The term of fruiting increases.
• Fruits begin to ripen 2.5-3 weeks earlier.

But before you start sowing seeds, you need to choose the right varieties of pepper that we will grow.

I advise you to pay attention to the following basic parameters:

• The length of the summer in your area. If it is short, then choose early and mid-early varieties. If you have warm days for 2-2.5 months, then you can plant mid-season peppers. Well, if you are lucky and you live in the southern regions, then the late varieties will also ripen perfectly.
• The shape of the fruit is also important. Peppers with conical and cylindrical shapes with thick walls are good for salads, in the form of "cubes" are great for stuffing, and for pickling, medium-sized peppers are better suited.
• Bell pepper color: darker colored, for example sweeter.
• Bush growth. Tall varieties are usually planted in greenhouses, and low and medium-sized varieties are usually planted in beds under film shelters.

Now, directly, let's start answering the main question - how to grow sweet pepper seedlings.

Step 1. Determine the sowing time

It is necessary to plant peppers on seedlings in a timely manner in order to get a good planting material.

This is a very important point in the cultivation of sweet peppers - determining the correct sowing time for seedlings. After all, if we plant the seeds too early, the plants will outgrow even in the pots.

The timing of sowing pepper seeds depends on some factors:

1. Features of the variety. It is better to sow peppers of early varieties 60 days before planting it in the garden, and later varieties - 70-75 days.
2. Place of future cultivation. Keep in mind that young pepper seedlings should appear in a heated greenhouse at the end of April, in film greenhouses, hotbeds - from mid-May to its end, and seedlings are planted under the open sky in the first decade of June.
3. Growing seedlings with or without a pick. Peppers grown without picking will be ready for planting a week earlier.
4. Climate conditions in your region.

Many gardeners have a simple answer - to start growing seedlings at the beginning of February, but, provided that daylight hours are short, the young pepper in this case needs additional lighting.

If desired, you can use LED, phytolamps, including them for 12 hours.

But most experienced gardeners plan to sow seeds for seedlings in late February and early March.

• If the seeds are sown early, you may run into some troubles: the plants will set the lower fruits, this leads to depletion of the peppers. Such seedlings can hurt, it will become worse to take root and delay fruiting.

Pay attention to the quality of the seeds themselves! Many growers dry the seeds to increase shelf life. This feature is usually written on the packaging.

Step 2. Cooking the seeds

Bell pepper is a capricious plant, its seeds can quickly lose their germination. To avoid this, they should be well prepared for sowing.

♦ Seed selection. Prepare a saline solution (30 g table salt per liter of water). Dip the pepper seeds in there and stir well.

After 5-10 minutes, strong, high-quality seeds will be at the bottom, and weak ones will float. We need healthy seeds - we will wash them well and let them dry by spreading them out on a piece of paper.

♦ Etching. How to grow pepper seedlings and get strong seedlings? Pickling required.

This method will disinfect the seeds and give them the first hardening from disease.

A weak solution of manganese will help us (a gram of potassium permanganate per liter of water). Let's keep the seeds there for 15-20 minutes, rinse and dry.

♦ Processing. In order for our pepper to grow strong, the seeds must be treated with microelements 2 days before sowing.

Arrange the seeds in gauze bags and place them in a solution with trace elements (you can use "Ideal" or "Epin").

We keep the seeds there for about a day, after which we take them out and dry them (no need to rinse them).

• You can also use folk remedies for processing. Soak the seeds in an ash solution (2 g of wood ash per liter of water) - we infuse the mixture for a day. And we keep the bags with our seeds in solution for 3 hours.

Advice. You can do without soaking the seeds altogether. Bubbling (processing of seeds in oxygen-saturated water) is considered a very effective preparation method.

This method dramatically enhances the germination of pepper. Use a conventional aquarium compressor for bubbling. Seeds should be processed in this way 2 weeks before sowing.

• Take a large glass jar, fill the container 2/3 with water (while the water should be about + 20 ° C). Lower the compressor there so that its tip is at the bottom, and turn on the device. As soon as bubbles begin to appear in the water, immerse a bag of seeds in it for a day.

♦ Hardening of seeds. Sweet pepper seedlings should have good immunity.

Hardening will help the pepper to cope with weather troubles and any diseases with dignity. Hardening of seeds is carried out immediately before the sowing itself.

Soak the planting material in slightly warmed water, wait for the seeds to swell and immediately place them in the refrigerator on the lower shelf. Keep them there for 24 hours. Then start seeding immediately.

Step 3. Preparing for sowing

Our pepper does not tolerate picking well - therefore, it is better not to plant seeds in a common large container. Individual cups with a volume of 100 ml are ideal.

As the pepper grows, we will simply "transfer" it into larger containers.

♦ Soil for seedlings. The soil for our seeds must be nourished and insulated.

To warm up the soil, first pour hot water into containers with soil, and stretch a film over it (vapors will collect there).

Soil for sweet pepper can be in several variations:

1. Ready soil. On sale there are special, already prepared mixtures for growing pepper seedlings. This is the most reliable planting option. Such land is already cultivated and protected from diseases and pests.
2. Self-prepared soil.To do this, mix a bucket of seedling soil with peat (4 parts), turf soil (2 parts), stale sawdust (1 part), humus (1 part), river sand (0.5 l) and wood ash (2-3 tbsp. l.).
3. Coconut substrate. It can also be found in stores and is also great for growing young peppers.
4. Earth with hydrogel. Adding a hydrogel to the soil perfectly allows you to keep the soil moist. But gel balls already swollen in water should be added. If you put dry granules in the ground, when they swell, the balls will begin to displace the earth from the pots.
5. Peat tablets. One of the most convenient options for growing seedlings. In the future, the plants (when picking or transplanting) are simply transferred along with the tablet to other, larger containers.

Advice on how to grow pepper seedlings. In order for the pepper to adapt better later in its permanent place in the garden, add a little soil to the soil from the site where you plan to plant the plant. Do not forget to process it with potassium permanganate or steam it in the oven for 30-40 minutes.

Lay a drainage layer at the bottom of the cups; as drainage, you can take small pieces of polystyrene, broken particles of red brick or expanded clay.

It is better to take the glasses themselves opaque - the sun negatively affects the healthy formation of the root system.

♦ Choosing a place. Bell pepper does not like cold very much, it vitally needs direct rays of the sun.

The southern windowsills, all the time flooded with light, will be an ideal place for seedlings. On very warm days, seedlings can be displayed on insulated balconies / loggias (place insulated material under the cups with seedlings).

Step 4. Sowing the seeds

♦ Sowing pepper for seedlings. Fill the cups ¾ with potting soil, lightly compacting the soil with your hand.

Then we water the soil a little and make grooves 1 cm deep.In each cup we put two pepper seeds at a distance of about 2-3 cm from each other, sprinkling them with soil (it will be convenient to use a toothpick).

Cover the cups with seeds with polyethylene and put them on the windowsill.

• Instead of a film, you can use a glass cover over the cups. This method will provide our plants with an optimal microclimate, which is very important for the healthy growth of seedlings. To maximally protect sweet pepper seeds from possible drafts, seedlings can be equipped with mini-greenhouses - install a dense, reliable wire around the edges of the boxes and stretch a plastic wrap over it, completely covering the ground with seeds.

Advice on how to grow pepper seedlings. Experienced gardeners advise placing the seedling pots at a distance from each other. It is noticed that the bell pepper does not like to touch the leaves and immediately begins to stretch out at the same time. Neighbors are bothering him!

Step 5. Competent care of crops

It is very important to observe the correct conditions for growing pepper seedlings. Once we have planted the seeds, they should be kept until the first shoots appear at temperatures from + 25 ° C to + 27 ° C.

The first sprouts may appear after 7-15 days (depending on the type of vegetable). Spray the soil in the crates with water from a spray bottle every two days.

Advice. As soon as the pepper makes itself felt by the first shoots, we remove the film coating. At this time, it is necessary to organize the plant additional illumination with phytolamps - this will accelerate the growth of seedlings and strengthen them.

• Lack of light provokes stretching and deformation of seedlings. At the same time, adult peppers can suddenly stop growing, their roots begin to rot and die.

The optimal daylight hours for sweet peppers is 9-10 hours. We will light up the pepper during the day (from 8 am to 8 pm).

♦ Temperature conditions. An important factor in obtaining healthy seedlings is temperature. The best for seedlings is the daytime temperature of + 23 ° -25 ° С, night temperature + 16 ° -18 ° С.

If the temperature drops below + 12 ° C at night, the plants will begin to lose leaves and may die.

♦ Watering... Watering young seedlings should only be done with warm water, preferably in the morning. Watering the peppers is not often, but abundant enough - watch the condition of the soil!

Do not forget to loosen the soil after watering. Use rain or melt water for water. If you take an ordinary one from the tap, be sure to let it settle first.

Advice on how to grow pepper seedlings. Loosen the soil more often - it is vital for the roots of the pepper to receive oxygen. The roots of this plant are the most "sore spot". They should not be damaged categorically - deformation leads to growth retardation and termination of further fruiting.

♦ Hardening. Already matured seedlings (10-12 days before planting in the garden) should be hardened - taken out for a short time outside or open windows.

For hardening, spraying seedlings with herbal infusion will be useful (for infusion, you can use garlic, onions, needles, marigolds or calendula flowers).

Seasoned seedlings will become pest-resistant.

Important! If you sprayed the seedlings - outside, in the sun it cannot be taken out with wet leaves! Water droplets on the leaves can cause burns.

♦ Top dressing. How to grow healthy pepper seedlings? Feed young vegetables! For the entire period of growing seedlings, peppers need to be fed 2 times:

1. When 3-4 true leaves appear.
2. With regrowth of 5-6 true leaves.

It would be ideal to introduce a mullein solution (1 part manure per 10 parts of water) or dry bird droppings (it must be filled with hot water at + 80 ° -90 ° C, based on 20 parts of water per part of the droppings, it should be infused for about 2 hours).

In order for the fruits of the pepper to become large and juicy, it is useful for seedlings to carry out foliar feeding by spraying a young plant with a solution of complex, mineral fertilizers.

♦ Dive or not? Although many gardeners do not recommend diving peppers (seedlings are reluctant to take root in a new place when transplanting), many successfully grow seedlings using a dive.

• Picking. Do not miss the moment when it is worth planting the grown peppers (ideal time for diving: 15-20 days after germination, when 2 leaves appear in the sprouts). During the diving process, do not pinch the main root of the plant. Picking is recommended if sweet pepper seeds are sown in especially nutritious soil with a high nitrogen content. After a pick, young seedlings find themselves in conditions close to those of a garden.
• No diving. This method is simpler and safer. Grown plants are carefully transferred with an earthen lump in a larger container. At the same time, the root system is not damaged and the pepper is more likely to grow into a healthy culture.

Problems and troubles

When growing seedling peppers, any gardener can face problems. There are not as many troubles in young seedlings as in an adult plant, but they can be:

♦ Seedlings slowed down sharply. This can occur in peppers after a dive, when the roots were accidentally damaged during the transplantation. Therefore, if you are a beginner gardener, try to do without picking seedlings.

• Sometimes pepper can slow down growth if there is a lack of fertilizer. Its "hunger" is indicated by the light green color of the leaves, which are paler in comparison with the rest of the seedlings. Don't forget to feed your pets!

♦ Black leg. How to grow pepper seedlings without disease. Pepper loves moisture and watering very much, but in no case should you water it too actively and diligently.

Excess water in the soil can lead to the appearance of a dangerous seedling disease - black leg. Soil initially infected with fungal spores, which has not undergone preliminary disinfection, can also lead to infection.

• In case of a disease, the root neck of the plant becomes soft, the pepper withers, becomes thinner and “lies on its side”. It can be very easily pulled out of the ground, since the diseased roots die off and become thinner.

The causative agents of the disease are pathogenic fungi, which are activated when the soil is too moist and its high acidity.

Densely planted peppers can also suffer from disease.

To prevent the disease, sprinkle calcined sand on the surface of the soil and avoid waterlogging of the soil!

Carry out competent care for pepper seedlings, adhering to the following tips:

• Water the seedlings very carefully, being careful not to hit the stems. The smallest sprouts are best watered with a pipette between rows.
• Do not keep seedlings under cover for a long time! Ventilate them more often and make sure that water does not accumulate on the ground, there is no dampness near the stalks. You can even periodically blow on the plants to prevent stagnant air.
• Give up cold windowsills! The cold ground dries out very slowly, and this is what the spores of the fungus need to activate.
• Do not thicken crops! Cold air accumulates in the "thicket" of seedlings - a real paradise for disease.
• Do not allow sudden changes in temperature for your pets - their immunity may suffer and decrease.

Qualities of "adult" seedlings

Knowing how to grow pepper seedlings, what competent agrotechnical measures are necessary, taking care of our young pets, we will be able to grow strong seedlings that will successfully turn into adult, healthy plants.

And for a successful transplant into the garden, they must meet the following characteristics:

1. The seedlings are 60-80 days old.
2. The height of young peppers should be 17-20 cm.
3. Healthy plants must have 7-10 well-developed leaves.
4. They can have small buds and a strong stem 3-4 mm thick at the roots.

Our seedlings will be ready to move to their permanent place of residence when the soil in the garden warms up to + 14 ° -16 ° C (in the root layers it is 10-15 cm deep).

And when there is no longer the threat of sudden frosts (as a rule, this period falls on the end of May-beginning and mid-June).

Before planting, young seedlings should be well watered to reduce possible root injuries.

We got acquainted with the traditional method of growing sweet pepper seedlings.

But I want to invite you to watch a few videos of Yulia Minyaeva about another method of growing seedlings - "in a snail". I liked it very much. I will try to plant some of the seedlings using this method.

See you soon, dear readers, and success in growing strong and healthy seedlings!

You can also read on this topic:

Tags: pepper, seedlings

1. How to start growing seedlings.
2. How to grow pepper seedlings.
3. Planting seedlings in open ground.
4. Mistakes when growing seedlings.
5. That he likes and dislikes pepper.
6. Early varieties of pepper.

In this article, I will tell you about my secrets of growing pepper seedlings. To get strong and healthy seedlings, and therefore a good harvest, it is important to observe the conditions for growing pepper, since pepper is a heat-loving and demanding crop for certain growing conditions. But in addition, there are a number of techniques that I use, and thanks to which I get very good harvests of this wonderful culture.

Where to start?

With soil preparation for growing seedlings

To successfully grow pepper seedlings, it is very important to choose the correct composition of the potting mix. It should be fertile and light. A very simple and reliable soil mixture, consisting of 3 parts of ventilated peat, 2 parts of humus and 1 part of sod land. If you do not have sod land, then take land in the forest or in the forest plantations.

On a bucket of these mixtures, add a half-liter jar of sand, 3-4 tbsp. tablespoons of ash, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of superphosphate, 1 teaspoon of urea and mix everything vigorously. If possible, it is advisable to add 2-3 glasses of vermicompost to the prepared mixture. Then such a mixture for the fight against the black leg must be poured with a warm solution of "Rizoplan" or a strong solution of potassium permanganate.In such a soil, seedlings grow strong and healthy.

If you use fresh, not blackened sawdust to prepare the potting mix (which is highly undesirable), then they must first be doused with boiling water 2-3 times in order to wash off the resinous substances.

Seed preparation

Of the many schemes for pre-sowing preparation of pepper seeds for sowing, the following two schemes are most preferable:

1. Dressing seeds in a 1.5% solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, then soaking them for 18 hours in a solution of "Zircon" (1 drop of the drug per 300 ml of water). Then sowing or preliminary germination of seeds followed by sowing.
2. Disinfection of seeds in a 1.5% solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, then soaking them for 18 hours in a solution of "Epin" (2 drops in half a glass of water). Then sowing the seeds or their preliminary germination followed by sowing.

    When to sow pepper for seedlings

Sowing time depends on the time of planting seedlings in a permanent place. When growing early-ripening varieties, they are usually sown in 65 days, mid-ripening ones - in 65-70 days, and if you grow late-ripening varieties, then 75 days before planting in a permanent place. It is desirable that by the time the seedlings are planted in the ground, the plants are blooming and even have ovaries.

How to grow pepper seedlings

  How to sow. Lighting is not required for seed germination, so a container (school) with sown seeds can be placed in any warm place. As soon as the first sprouts appear, the container with the seedlings must be transferred to a bright place. Reduce the temperature to 15 degrees, which will prevent stretching.

When all the seedlings are straightened, the temperature rises to 23 ... 25 degrees, while reducing it at night to 18 degrees. You should know that the growth of seedlings stops at 12 ... 14 degrees.

    What is the best way to grow. The classic recommendation for growing pepper seedlings is that the seeds are planted in a common container at a distance of 5 cm, and when two true leaves appear, they are seated in separate pots. I immediately grow seedlings in separate pots.

Why am I doing this? Pepper plants have a very sensitive root system that is difficult to tolerate injury. When picking (replanting plants), an inevitable trauma to the roots occurs. Such plants are almost 2 weeks behind in development from those that grew without transplantation.

It is better to grow peppers without picking.

    Temperature conditions. Peppers need a high soil temperature for germination, so at + 28-32 ° C, seedlings appear 4-7 days after sowing, at + 24-26 ° C, seedlings will appear on day 14-15, at 21-22 ° C - on 20-21 days, and at + 20 ° C - they will not appear at all, but at temperatures above 40 ° C - they will not appear either.

    Do I need a backlight. Pepper is very picky about light, especially at a very early age. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the plants with good illumination with fluorescent lamps, which are located 5-7 cm above the plants and turn on for 12-15 hours a day and then they can be sown in early February, or sown at a later date, when there is enough sun - we have this is the beginning of March.

    How to water. Water the seedlings every 5 - 6 days with warm, settled water. The water temperature must be 25-28 degrees. If watered with cold water, the root system is under severe stress. Watered at the root, preventing water from getting on the stem, so that the entire earthen lump gets wet.

     Top dressing. Top dressing should be started as soon as the cotyledon leaves open.

It is best to water it not with water, but with a weak solution of liquid fertilizer "Uniflor - Bud", which includes an increased dose of potassium, which is necessary for pepper, since it is potassium lover.

To do this, dissolve 2 teaspoons of fertilizer in 5 liters. water. First, pour 1 teaspoon under each plant every other day, then gradually increase the dose, while the soil should be moderately dry all the time. The solution can stand indefinitely.

Good results are obtained by fertilizing with fertilizer "Kemira - wagon" - 1 tbsp. spoon on a bucket of water.

Pepper also loves foliar feeding with humates and ash: 1 tbsp. ash on a bucket of water. Consider this when growing seedlings.

  Picking.If you grow pepper seedlings in boxes, then they will have to dive. Do not rush to transplant seedlings: it tolerates transplanting more easily in the phase of 3-4 true leaves. In this case, the most important thing is not to damage the root system.

First of all, water the seedlings well. Fill the prepared containers with soil, compact, water well, make a funnel and carefully lower the seedling into it so as not to bend or damage the root. In no case is his central root shortened. They are planted at the same depth at which it grew. Now you need to gently squeeze the soil around the plant. The first 2-3 days, the pepper does not need to be highlighted.

To grow good seedlings, it is best to initially sow pepper seeds in separate 1 liter containers and do not touch it until planting in a greenhouse or garden

    Is it worth pinching pepper seedlings.Pinching the main stem above the fifth to eighth leaf (before budding) is an important measure when growing pepper seedlings. This activates the growth of side shoots, on which a lot of fruits are formed, and their yield increases by 30%.

At the same time, the number of ripe fruits at the first simultaneous harvest doubles and reaches 70% of the total harvest. In addition, the spreading shrub shades the soil and lower parts of the stem, which reduces overheating and reduces plant wilting.

    Hardening. Before planting in the ground, the grown seedlings are hardened, gradually accustoming them to the sun's rays, wind, lower temperatures, for which the plants are briefly taken out to the balcony or a window is opened. Gradually, the residence time of seedlings in direct sunlight is increased. The temperature during hardening should not be lower than 15 °, and there should be no drafts.

Planting pepper seedlings in open ground.

By the time of planting in the ground, pepper seedlings should have 8 - 12 leaves.

By the time of landing, the average daily temperature should be at the level of 15 - 17 ° C heat. The threat of spring frosts by this time should be over. The soil temperature at the planting depth should be at least 10 - 12 ° C.

Planting seedlings too early in open ground is dangerous because cold weather slows down the growth and development of plants, and the likelihood of diseases increases. In addition, peppers do not tolerate frost well.

Pepper seedlings intended for cultivation in a greenhouse are planted in the ground from 1 to 15 May. They are planted in open ground on May 10 - 30, while they must be covered with a film.

The most common mistakes when growing pepper seedlings

1.     Failure to comply with the temperature regime.In order for pepper seeds to germinate together, the soil must always be moist and the containers for germination must be at a temperature of + 24-28. Another common mistake gardeners make, we love to put containers above (or even on!) Radiators. And the boxes are usually small, the earth instantly dries up in them. Young shoots die in dry soil!
2. Sowing with further picking. Pepper has a very sensitive root system, it is difficult to restore it. Therefore, it is much better to sow the seeds separately in cups of about 10 × 10 cm.Without picking, the seedlings will be ready 2 weeks earlier.
3. Lack of backlighting.For the full development of good seedlings, the length of daylight hours is more than 12 hours. Therefore, additional lighting is necessary, especially at an early stage (in March), when the days are still short.
4. Growing in shaded areas. Pepper does not like shade at all and stretches strongly, which will then affect the harvest. The buds will fall off.
5. We water the seedlings incorrectly. Pepper does not tolerate the drying out of an earthen coma; from irregular watering, buds later crumble.
6. Pests of pepper seedlings. The main pests that can damage seedlings are aphids, mites, scoops. If you notice them when they first appear and immediately process the pepper, then mass distribution can be prevented. It is necessary that only clean, healthy plants are planted. At home, we spray the seedlings with infusions: onion-turnip or onion husks, marigolds, garlic, coniferous extract, calendula.

    What does pepper like

Light, fertile, loamy soils with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction. During the growth period, he needs good lighting. Pepper seedlings like frequent, not abundant watering with lukewarm water (24-25 degrees). He needs high doses of potash fertilizers.

In addition, he prefers warm (18-24 degrees) soil and warm (about 25 degrees) air. The optimum temperature for growing pepper seedlings is 22-28 degrees. When it drops to 15 degrees, the pepper stops developing.

What pepper does not like

It does not tolerate the slightest damage to the roots, and therefore, pepper seedlings do not tolerate transplantation, especially at an early age. He also does not like burrowing during transplants.

Clay, acidic soil, peat, fresh manure and excess nitrogen, increased doses of mineral fertilizers, thickened plantings, high (above 35 degrees) and sudden changes (more than 15 degrees) temperatures in the greenhouse, watering with cold water (below 20 degrees) are contraindicated for him, direct sun at noon.

Early varieties of pepper

We bring to your attention a selection of early ripening pepper hybrids with a very high yield. The selected hybrids are resistant to major fungal and viral diseases. Large fruits with thick walls have an unsurpassed taste.

    KALOTA F1 - 60 days from disembarkation of seedlings. For unheated greenhouses and open ground. Amicable return of an early harvest. The plant is medium, fruits weighing 170 g, conical, white, of excellent quality. Good resistance to viral diseases.

    MACCABI F1 - 65 days from disembarkation of seedlings. Recommended for indoor and outdoor cultivation. Fruits 3-4 chambered, beautiful elongated cuboid shape, 9 × 12 cm in size, weighing up to 350 g, ruby-red at full maturity. Fleshy, juicy and sweet flesh, wall thickness up to 10 mm. High resistance to a number of diseases.

The fruits are very well protected from sunburn. High yield potential.

    TELESTAR F1 - ripening in 60 days from transplanting. A plant with large cuboid fruits, 10 × 10 cm in size, weighing up to 250 g, with a wall thickness of 9 mm, in full maturity of a rich red color. Very concentrated yield. Cultivation in open and protected ground. High resistance to a number of diseases.

  VEDRANA F1 - ripening in 55 days from transplanting. Fruits are leveled, 8 × 10 cm in size, wall thickness up to 7 mm, from white to light red. The plant adapts well to various climatic conditions. Recommended for growing in all types of greenhouses, as well as outdoors. The hybrid is resistant to top rot.

    LOTTA F1 - 55-60 days from disembarkation of seedlings. A hybrid with a high intensity of fruit setting. Dense, thick-walled, conical fruits from light green to red. Fruit size 7 × 14 cm, wall thickness up to 5 mm, average fruit weight 110-120 g. For growing in film greenhouses and open ground. Resistant to viral and bacterial diseases.

ANETTA F1 - the earliest (after 55 days from disembarkation of seedlings, it begins to blush). Amicable return of an early harvest. Medium plant, fruits weighing up to 130 g, wall thickness 6 mm, conical shape 9 × 12 cm, excellent quality. Good resistance to viral diseases.

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Growing pepper seedlings for a full harvest is a whole science that gardeners and summer residents have been mastering for years.

The first step is to decide on the placement of seedlings, and before planting young plants, find out whether the peppers are complete and ready for adulthood.

Today we will find out how to make pepper seedlings at home?

…

What you need to know about healthy seedlings?

Seedlings of young plants appear 7-10 days after planting seeds... The first pair of cotyledon leaves pointed at the ends resembles a two-lobed screw.

By the end of the 1st week of life, the peppers acquire a pair of true leaves., at week 2 the next pair appears. A three-week-old plant often has 3 pairs of opposed, teardrop-shaped true leaves.

For memorization! The number of pairs of leaves in seedlings is approximately equal to the number of weeks after the seeds have emerged.

At 1 month old, healthy pepper seedlings should have:

• 3-4 pairs of real and 1 pair of cotyledon leaveslocated at the top of the plant;
• long juicy bright green stemlooking up or slightly inclined under the weight of the leaves;
• healthy appearance without signs of damage insects, fungus, bacteria, or wilting;
• height 4-6 cm depending on the variety.

The most common cause of slow growth of pepper seedlings at home is lack of minerals, sunlight or heat... The peculiarities of cultivation and the requirements for the composition of the soil mixture are dictated by the variety you choose, be it bell peppers or chili peppers.

Photo

What pepper seedlings look like, photo by day:

Container for planting

There are many ways to grow peppers for seedlings from seed. Before sowing, the seeds must be sorted and processed - more details on how to do this.

Seed planting can be carried out in boxes or containers with soil mixtures, plastic bags, peat tablets, sawdust, open ground... The original methods of growing pepper seedlings in diapers, "in snails" and on paper without the use of soil are gaining popularity.

Whatever the container for growing future seedlings, it must meet the following requirements:

1. Environmental Safety... Do not use containers of caustic substances, solvents, oils, which will contaminate the soil, poisoning young plants.
2. Good drainage... Water should not accumulate and stagnate at the bottom of the container, causing the growth of fungi.
3. Sufficient depth and volume to prevent interlacing and injury of the roots during transplantation.
4. The presence of dense opaque walls, preventing the impact on the roots of mechanical force from the outside and sunlight.

Important! What size cups for pepper seedlings are best to take? Give preference to small "single" containers or boxes with partitions that isolate young plant roots.

Fully meet these requirements mesh trays, plastic cups, wooden boxes, pots and special cassettes.

Seedlings in cassettes and glasses

Cassette Are reusable mesh containers with a drainable bottom, designed for growing peppers before picking. (You can find out how to dive according to the lunar calendar here.)

Advantages of cassettes:

• prevent fungal diseases seedlings due to the fact that liquid not absorbed into the soil leaves the cell through a large hole;
• ensure uniform growth of all plants and exclude their competition for water, space, minerals;
• prevent root entanglement, since each seedling is in an individual cell;
• honeycomb block significantly saves space on the windowsill.

An excellent alternative to cassettes for those who do not have the opportunity to purchase them are disposable cups or plastic food packaging... The drainage holes can be easily made by yourself.

Sawdust

Purchased or self-obtained sawdust is able to replace the soil at first.

You will achieve the best results using old coniferous sawdust, which must first be scalded with boiling water.

As they grow, young roots will not grow into the substrate, but move it apart. therefore removing a plant from sawdust for picking will not be accompanied by a breakage of roots, which requires a lot of energy and strength from a young plant to restore lost cells.

Useful materials

Read other articles on growing and caring for pepper seedlings:

• Correct cultivation from seeds and should they be soaked before sowing?
• How to grow black peppercorns, chili, bitter or sweet at home?
• What are growth stimulants and how to use them?
• The main reasons why the leaves of the shoots curl, the seedlings fall or stretch, and also why the shoots die?
• Planting dates in the regions of Russia and the peculiarities of cultivation in the Urals, Siberia and the Moscow region.
• Learn recipes for yeast-based fertilizers.
• Learn the rules for planting bell and hot peppers, as well as how to dive sweet?
• Dates of the first shoots and in what cases additional illumination of seedlings is necessary?

New discoveries

Thanks to improved methods of planting peppers, caring for seedlings and the emergence of new interesting devices, growing seedlings has long turned into a creative activity. In the available sections, you can familiarize yourself with entertaining ways to obtain a rich generous harvest.

Here we gave basic tips on how to make pepper seedlings healthy and strong.

If we are already talking about whether it is profitable to plant seedlings early, then why not try to put the theory in a distant box, and literally see with your own eyes all the consequences of certain decisions? And you don't even need to get off the couch to do this - just read this letter carefully.

Does size matter (seedling cups)

I confess that I am always impatient to start filling the windowsills with seedlings. Hands are itching! But last year I suddenly wondered: is it worth it to hurry up? Will I get an earlier harvest of, say, pepper, if I plant it on seedlings early? In addition, I began to wonder about the most suitable volume of a seedling cup. Someone advocates that the more, the better, and someone is content with 200 ml. Who is right? So I decided to approach this matter empirically.

I'll make a reservation right away: the land was the same in all cases - it was collected in the autumn in the forest on mole piles, with the addition of sand and purchased peat soil. I have never applied fertilizers for seedlings, and I never do, since, in principle, I am against any chemistry. So, in the first half of February, I soaked the seeds of two varieties of sweet peppers: Yolo Miracle and the Merchant... After they naklyuyutsya, put them in plastic cups with a volume of 0.2 liters and put everything on the windowsill, on which before that (so that the plants would not be cold) laid the bottoms up the foam trays from under the cutlets, and on them - a tray ... The backlight was done using conventional energy-saving lamps.

When the roots of the plants mastered the earthy clods, I made a transfer: I placed one half of the seedlings in half-liter plastic cups, and the other in liter buckets of mayonnaise. She did not make a pick: last year, the plants left alone developed a little faster than the transplanted ones and turned out to be a little more productive.

But it is important to do the transshipment on time, that is, when the roots have just repented at the walls of the cups. If you tighten it up, the seedlings will take longer to take root.

The second batch of seeds of the same varieties was soaked on March 8, continuing sowing and further care according to the already indicated scheme. And then these peppers caught up in the development of those that I hurried to plant a month earlier.Moreover, the plants in liter containers were larger and looked much better than those that grew in cups.

See also: Why it is important to take your time with pepper seedlings

Big and small differences

At the end of April, I ventured to plant my pets in a new polycarbonate greenhouse, where radishes, arugula, seedlings of cucumbers, melons, zucchini, watermelons, as well as early carrots (for the summer) and some greens were already growing under non-woven material. In general, not a centimeter of usable area was empty! And so that the peppers would not suffer from the cold, I put two dark plastic bottles of water under each plant (readers loudly call them heat accumulators). On especially cold nights, I lit several candles, placing them between the plants at a safe distance. They burn for a long time and give an increase of 2-3 °. A trifle? Probably, but in case of frost, this can be a real salvation for early planted seedlings. And how beautiful the greenhouse looks in the dark, illuminated from the inside!

Conclusion: I did not see the difference between the peppers sown in February and in March.

There is no need to torment the seedlings for an extra month on the windowsill, while wasting electricity on the backlight.

But the difference between peppers grown in different volumes of soil was great. The first to set the fruits of the early Kupets variety (from large buckets), and then Yolo-miracle followed his example. grown in the same containers. But the seedlings from half-liter glasses were delayed with the setting of fruits by two and significantly lagged behind in growth and yield.

This is how it all looked: photo 1 - A merchant from a bucket, photo 2 - A merchant from a glass, photo 3 - A Yolo miracle from a ve derk, photo 4 - A Yolo miracle from a glass (these pictures were taken on the same day), photo 5 - the second "tier" of peppers The merchant from a bucket (I already ate the first "tier"), photo 6 is the same grade, but from a glass, and the first, it is the last, "tier" of fruits flaunts on it (the rest simply did not have time to grow) ...

In the last photos you can see sprouts making their way from the ground - these are not weeds, but white mustard sown in mid-August. In September, I add her leaves to salads and serve to kebabs - a wonderful addition!

Reference by topic: The best conditions for growing pepper seedlings

Dear gardeners, please share some eco-friendly ways to deal with slugs! I really don't want to give up the mulch, under which they live for their pleasure.

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