Red fish that is not grown artificially

What fish are not farmed artificially?

• Fish that are not grown artificially on farms and are not stuffed with antibiotics, growth stimulants, dyes, but are caught from natural waters, seas, oceans - this is pollock, catfish, flounder, perch, navaga, pink salmon, cod, salmon, saury, herring, chum ... The diet of fish grown artificially is poor, they do not have plankton and shrimp on the menu, which naturally affects the quality of the fish.

• Cod is grown in large quantities in Norway!

  There is a lot of cod in Russia from there, be careful

• The well-known and beloved fish with such a cute name - HERRING - is not grown artificially on farms.

  At least, I have not found information anywhere that herring is grown artificially. It turns out that this particular fish is less dangerous for our body than salmon, salmon, carp, dorado, pangasius and telapia. And this is only a part of those fish that are grown artificially.

• When choosing fish, nutritionists advise buying one that has not been grown in fisheries. Such fish include: cod, saury, herring, pollock, pink salmon.

  Such fish is considered more useful, because, unlike their more fattened relatives, they were not fed with GMO feed and / or antibiotics.

  By the way, as an alternative, many summer residents are engaged in fish farming in nearby water bodies. Crucian carp is especially suitable for such purposes, which can adapt and reproduce well in almost any water. They grow well in captivity with veal. It is better to buy fish grown on farms not often.

For reference:

The richest in vitamins, minerals and omega-3 acids is sea fish: pink salmon, chum salmon, cod, haddock, horse mackerel, pollock. Of particular importance in the human diet are fatty fish species: salmon, herring, mackerel. River fish - carp, carp, bream, crucian carp, perch, pike - are also rich in vitamins and minerals, but inferior in fat to sea fish.

Fresh fish has a slightly sweet smell, but not too fishy or muddy. Although some varieties of river fish (for example, catfish) can give off "mud". To get rid of such a "flavor", the fish is specially washed in cold salted water.

Do not ignore the fins either: they should fit snugly to the body and not intertwine. If the storage conditions are not followed, the fins will be positioned unnaturally and may also be damaged.

The tail of a good fish should be straight and not curled up or dry. The abdomen is flat, not swollen, without spots. If gutted fish is lowered into water, it should drown. This suggests that you have been sold a really good fish. If she surfaced belly up - you bought a low-quality product.

When buying chilled fish fillets, pay attention to how they are cut. The pieces should be even, and in appearance it should be dense.

For reference:

The richest in vitamins, minerals and omega-3 acids is sea fish: pink salmon, chum salmon, cod, haddock, horse mackerel, pollock. Of particular importance in the human diet are fatty fish species: salmon, herring, mackerel. River fish - carp, carp, bream, crucian carp, perch, pike - are also rich in vitamins and minerals, but inferior in fat to sea fish.

Fresh fish has a slightly sweet smell, but not too fishy or muddy. Although some varieties of river fish (for example, catfish) can give off "mud". To get rid of such a "flavor", the fish is specially washed in cold salted water.

Do not ignore the fins either: they should fit snugly to the body and not intertwine.If the storage conditions are not followed, the fins will be positioned unnaturally and may also be damaged.

The tail of a good fish should be straight and not curled up or dry. The abdomen is flat, not swollen, without spots. If gutted fish is lowered into water, it should drown. This suggests that you have been sold a really good fish. If she surfaced belly up - you bought a low-quality product.

When buying chilled fish fillets, pay attention to how they are cut. The pieces should be even, and in appearance it should be dense.

Thanks to the mother of my patient, for whom I began to look for information about Dorado fish during the examination, your humble one cannot understand how she got to a wonderful site that she could not help but share with you. In the Schools of Healthy and Delicious introductory course, we go into detail on the main problems associated with fish, but until now I could not find a sufficiently informative list of edible fish and fish contaminated with mercury until I discovered this site.

The site helps to select fish and seafood that are least contaminated with heavy metals. It is also intended for those who prefer to eat food that does not harm the environment, so some fish species for which there is no medical data are mentioned there simply because their breeding does not harm the environment. Be careful and look for information about the degree of infection!

Upd: For readers from Russia: this site contains not only American information at all, it mentions a lot of fish species that are caught in Russia. By default, the fish of the Russian catch is considered more contaminated, because Russia does not comply with international standards and does not allow inspectors, but in this case it is the breed that decides, so if the fish does not accumulate mercury, then it will not accumulate it in Russia either.

Translate the name of the breed: Russian-English-Hebrew.

Types of fish you can eat:

Anchovies, northern (Engraulis mordax), European (Engraulis encrasicolus) and Japanese (Engraulis japonicus).

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer), except Indo-Pacific.
Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), grown in the USA.
Marsh crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), not made in China.
Rocky spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), only from California or Baja, Mexico City.
American lobster (Homarus americanus)
Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus).
Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus).
Sardines (Sardinops sagax).
Pagra, she is sea bream, she is thai (Pagrus pagrus).
Salmon (Salmo salar), wild, from Alaska. Farmed salmon and wild salmon from Washington DC are contaminated with PCBs and are dangerous to eat more than once a month and less often just harmful.
Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus).
Tilapia (Tilapia).
Bivalve molluscs (Mya arenaria), grown in the USA.
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), grown in the USA.
Oysters (Crassostrea virginica), grown in the United States on farms.
Sea scallops (Argopecten irradians).
Pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani).
Squid (Teuthida).

The types that the site recommends to eat occasionally (about once a month), but I do not recommend:

Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus). The site advises to eat it, but in this case I cannot agree with the site - according to my information, not everything is so simple with a bang.

Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Infected with PCBs.
Light tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis). Infection with mercury, although less than in other types of tuna.
White halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Medium contamination with mercury.
Black sea perch (Centropristis striata). Medium contamination with mercury.
Pompano (Trachinotus carolinus). Medium contamination with mercury.
Monkfish (Lophius piscatorius). Mercury contamination.
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Infection of PCBs.
Tongue of the sea (Parophrys vetula). Medium contamination of PCBs.
Stingray (Leucoraja ocellata). Medium contamination with mercury.
Cuban yellowtail (Ocyurus chrysurus). Medium contamination with mercury.
Large-headed snapper (Vermilion snapper). Medium contamination with mercury.
Lucianidae, various (Lutjanidae). Medium contamination with mercury.
Coal fish (Anoplopoma fimbria). Medium contamination with mercury.
Sea bass - rockfish. Medium contamination with mercury.
Dorado (Coryphaena hippurus). Medium contamination with mercury.

Fish that contain a large amount of hazardous substances (species are located as hazardous substances increase):

Khokhlach, aka tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps).High levels of mercury.

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). High levels of mercury.
White albacore tuna. High levels of mercury.
Oysters (Crassostrea virginica). High infection rate of PCBs.
Moray eel (Conger conger). High levels of mercury.
Sea eel (Conger oceanicus). High levels of mercury.
Ram snapper (Lutjanus analis). High levels of mercury.
Grouper (Epinephelus). High levels of mercury.
Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri). High levels of mercury.
The croaker is gray, the croaker is zander, spotted (Cynoscion nebulosus). High levels of both mercury and PCBs.
Spanish Markel (Scomberomorus maculatus). High levels of mercury.
Toothed Terpug (Ophiodon elongatus). High levels of mercury.
Blue swimming crab (Callinectes sapidus). High levels of both mercury and PCBs.
Toothfish Chilean Patagonian. High levels of mercury.
Bighead orange (Hoplostethus atlanticus). High levels of mercury.
Big-eyed tuna (Thunnus obesus). Very high levels of mercury.
Farmed salmon (Salmo salar). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Salmon (Salmo salar), wild, from Washington. Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Red-finned opal (Lampris guttatus). Very high levels of mercury.
American flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Summer toothed flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.

Never eat the following types of fish, they are very dangerous (species are located in the order of increasing harmful substances):

Swordfish. Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.

Shark. Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Marlin (Makaira). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Common tuna (Thunnus thynnus). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Royal mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Croaker gray (Cynoscion regalis). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Sturgeon. Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Shed (Alosa sapidissima). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
American eel. Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
White croaker (Genyonemus lineatus). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
American striped perch (Morone saxatilis). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Gray-backed, elewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.

As far as I know, there are no similar lists in Russian (at least not on such a scale and not from such an authoritative source), so the dissemination of information is encouraged in every possible way.

I try to eat exclusively plant foods, but I can't refuse fish and seafood. I love them very much, and therefore I am offended and scared to read about the fact that in reality fish can be not only not useful, but also extremely dangerous. To reduce the health risks that can arise from eating fish and seafood, there are a few rules to follow.

1. Avoid farmed fish. There are several reasons. Firstly, such a fish grows in habitats that are not natural for it, it moves little, and therefore the fat formed in it is absolutely useless. Second, farmers typically use antibiotics to prevent disease and fight parasites, and hormones to boost growth. And thirdly, the food for these fish contains substances hazardous to human health (for example, pesticides). All these wonderful additives enter our body along with grilled salmon steak or dorada ((((

2. Unfortunately, the wild fish is also not all right. Today the oceans and seas are extremely polluted and radioactive, and fish absorb toxic and radioactive substances that are dangerous to human health. Most of them accumulate in large fish. Such hazardous substances include heavy metals and mercury.Mercury is a neurotoxin that causes people to lose memory, vision, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Doctors strongly recommend that pregnant women exclude foods containing mercury, as it causes mental retardation, deafness, blindness and cerebral palsy in children.

Here is a list of fish that should be avoided altogether, as they contain the highest concentration of mercury: marlin, tile, swordfish (my husband's weakness, which caused high levels of mercury in his body), shark, king mackerel, bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna.

And this fish is recommended to be consumed no more than once a month, the maximum portion is 180 grams: Chilean sea bass, bluefish, sea bass, Spanish mackerel, yellowtail tuna.

Fish from the following list can also be eaten in small portions no more than 6 times a month: striped bass and black perch, carp, Pacific cod, white croaker, Pacific and Atlantic halibut, lobster, dorado, monkfish, freshwater perch, coal fish, stingray, snapper, gray croaker, striped tuna.

Finally, it is recommended to eat fish from this list no more than twice a week (a portion of 180 grams): anchovy, butterfish, catfish, bivalve molluscs, crabs, crayfish, croaker, haddock, hake, herring, Atlantic mackerel and Japanese mackerel, mullet, oysters, river and sea flounder, salmon, sardines, scallops, shrimps, sole, squid, telapia, freshwater trout, "white" fish, hake.

3. When cooking fish, keep in mind that toxic substances are mainly found in fat, and it is better to choose cooking methods that involve melting the fat, such as grilling.

4. Avoid canned fish and any industrially processed fish. I hope there is no need to explain why)))

5. I am also often asked about sushi, because there is an opinion that it is a very healthy food. However, in light of the above, it is clear that this is not the case. And one more thing: the combination of fish and rice (especially processed white rice) is very bad for digestion, so sushi or rolls are the wrong choice in a Japanese restaurant. It is better to choose sashimi - if you are not afraid of radiation and mercury))).

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With this material, we continue the series of translated articles by Daniel Knowland (translations made by himself), Jamie Oliver's scientific adviser on nutrition. Another essay is devoted to the topic of fish and how it is grown and harvested in modern conditions, which fish is useful and which is harmful, and how to choose it correctly. The second part of the post - information on the same topic, in particular, about the situation in Russia, it is from other sources (list of references at the end of the post).

Artificial fish farming - all the pros and consToday in the UK, a huge amount of fish and seafood is grown in artificial conditions. Here it is necessary to make a reservation that any livestock product, strictly speaking, is not completely natural, but mankind cannot do without breeding farm animals.
Modern society sets new standards for the consumption of products, and manufacturers have to reckon with them. In this regard, there was a need for artificial fish breeding. In this article, we will look at the positive and negative aspects of this activity.What is it for - to breed fish?On the globe, there are still such corners where wild plants and meat of wild animals and birds serve as the main food source. However, in developed countries, this situation is no longer encountered. Berries, mushrooms, hare or venison - these are, perhaps, all types of “not grown” products that can be found on the menu of a modern person.We are used to the fact that meat, poultry, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, grains are mainly produced by agricultural enterprises. With fish and seafood, the situation is somewhat different. Both commercial (caught in the natural environment) and artificially grown fish fall on our table. As the world's population grows, so does the demand for foods rich in protein and, at the same time, affordable. And the word "ocean" is increasingly associated with such concepts as "overfishing", "endangered fish species", "ecological safety". Indeed, as a result of many years of irresponsible attitude of the fishing industries in many countries to the environment, the populations of some representatives of the marine fauna have been significantly reduced, and today there is an active fight against overfishing. In addition, programs are underway to help buyers choose fish from sustainable sources. The most famous organization in this area is the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC). However, despite some progress made, human activities continue to cause significant damage to the ocean ecosystem. Populations of commercial fish continue to decline. This is especially true of such favorite species by buyers as cod, haddock and tuna. As an alternative to traditional fishing, artificial fish farming (its other name for this activity is “aquaculture”) has been actively developing over the past few decades. , the phenomenon is not new. But at present, there is a real boom in this area. And new techniques and technologies can significantly reduce the degree of negative impact on the environment when using this method.What types of fish and seafood are grown in marine farms?Salmon, rainbow trout, sea bass, bream, pangasius (often called bassa or river catfish), shrimp are the most common types of farmed fish and seafood. It is believed that today in developed countries, about half of all fish and seafood consumed is grown in fish farms. Supermarkets and restaurants in the UK are likely to buy or offer farmed salmon. Commercial salmon is much less common on the market, and it will cost significantly more.

What is artificial fish farming?Typically, the artificial breeding process is as follows:1. With the help of selection, a parent is selected that is most suitable for artificial breeding. The eggs of the fish are placed in small tanks. The grown fry are then transferred to larger tanks. There, the fry are fed, which are under constant supervision.3. When the fry have reached a weight of about 150 grams, they are moved to large ponds or fenced-in areas in the sea (such as those shown in the picture above).4. Then the fish receives concentrated feed until it gains the desired weight. Throughout the entire time, the condition of the fish is constantly monitored, often using underwater cameras. When the desired weight is reached, the fish are sent to processing factories for subsequent evisceration and packaging.Do all types of cultured fish have similar consumer properties?It is difficult to find two completely identical livestock farms. The same can be said for fish farms. Each manufacturer has its own standards to ensure favorable conditions for keeping fish. Each farm uses its own methods to reduce its harmful effects on the environment. However, the lack of uniform standards makes life difficult for customers. Environmentally friendly eggs, chicken and pork are no longer a rarity on store shelves.Products with the labels "Red Tractor", "RSPCA Approved", "free-range animal meat" and "organic products" are widely represented. We do not yet have such a choice for farmed fish and seafood. Nevertheless, despite the lack of clear guidelines when choosing fish (for example, salmon), there is still some help for the buyer. There are various programs and organizations that aim to reduce the negative impact of fish farms on the environment. Some of them are listed below:

• RSPCA Assured. Within the framework of this program, mainly checks of the conditions of keeping fish are carried out.
• Global G.A.P. Products bearing this label are tested for compliance with food safety and environmental standards. Also, the presence of the program certificate guarantees that the products are received from trusted manufacturers.

• Best Aquaculture Practices and Fish Farms Board of Trustees

• (Aquaculture Stewardship Council) are comprehensive programs. Their goal is to reduce the negative impact on the environment, ensure the environmentally friendly and rational use of natural resources and improve food safety.

• Soil Association / Organic. This organization is mainly concerned with environmental impact and the use of only organic fertilizers in agriculture.

Many UK retail stores join one or more of the programs listed above. In this way, supermarkets demonstrate that they support sustainable food production.How safe is fish farming in terms of environmental impact?Farming of salmon on a large scale has been started by fisheries not so long ago: over the past few decades. However, the development of the industry proceeded at a rapid pace. It took some time to fully understand the impact of such activities on the environment and human health. Over the years, fish farms have made many mistakes. And the mistakes they made did not reflect in the best way on their reputation. Cases of fish escape from cages have been reported. The result was the crossing of artificially bred and wild individuals. Other side effects include pollution of the sea and underwater currents, the use of environmentally unsafe fish food, drug overdose and the use of questionable chemicals. The industry is far from perfect. However, the mistakes of the past were not in vain, and fish farms are undergoing major changes. New technologies came to the rescue. Now it is possible to observe the behavior of fish and collect data on the state of the environment. Robotic systems monitor the optimal level of fish feeding and oxygen content in the water. Much remains to be done in order to minimize the damage that fish farms can do to the ecosystems of the surrounding areas. in reservoirs specially built on land) does not cause much damage to the environment. Therefore, the negative consequences of the activities of such fish farms often go unnoticed. The quality of the feed is of great importance for the environmentally friendly farming of fish. Large fish, such as salmon, naturally feed on smaller fish. Therefore, in fish farms, salmon are fed mainly with fish protein and fish oil. Such food is made from commercial fish. The quality of farmed salmon directly depends on how environmentally friendly the fish it feeds on is. The development of new technologies makes it possible to reduce the proportion of commercial fish in the feed. This makes it possible to use marine resources more efficiently.

What kind of fish should you buy?A variety of organic foods in the diet is the key to a conscious approach to nutrition. We always recommend that you include a wide variety of fish and seafood in your diet. Don't settle for just one type of fish; farmed fish and seafood such as salmon, haddock or shrimp are best purchased from a reputable supplier. It will not be superfluous to ask if there is a certificate for the product. Certain supermarkets require certification (such as RSPCA Approved) for salmon products. For Jamie Oliver's restaurants and shops, we always buy fish from personally verified suppliers. Or we choose products whose quality is confirmed by trustworthy certificates.
Completion of translation of D. Knowland's article.Now let's turn to the Russian marketThe situation on the Russian market has changed dramatically with the introduction of sanctions: before their introduction, 84% (!!!) of the red fish consumed was Norwegian salmon. Now the situation has changed: from abroad we are supplied with goods from Asia (mainly telapia and pangasius), the source of salmon is the Faroe Islands and Chile; pollock, cod, haddock, catfish, red salmon and a small proportion of salmon are sourced from the Far East and the Barents Sea. Only our domestic fish is commercial, caught in the sea. The rest of the fish is the result of artificial breeding or a product of "aquaculture". Why is it only our fish that is commercial? The answer is very simple: it is just that in our country there was still no special equipment and technologies for fish farming. Now, with the introduction of sanctions, farms that breed salmon on an industrial scale (for example, the Murmansk Salmon brand of the Russian Sea company) are beginning to appear, which purchase full production cycles (equipment, feed, medicines) in Norway. The first harvesting of 4 thousand tons of commercial salmon under the Murmansk Salmon brand in the Barents Sea began in June this year and will end in October. Next year the company plans to receive 10 thousand tons of fish. By 2018–2020, it plans to produce 25 thousand tons of salmon. We emphasize once again that all equipment for the full cycle of fish farming, including feed, is purchased from Norway.

So what's the problem with “aquaculture”?And everything would be fine, but too often recently voices have been heard that claim that artificial fish farming is carried out with huge violations.

In the same way that livestock was raised in Europe with high doses of antibiotics, fish is now being raised. Not only antibiotics are used, but also pesticides, which are designed to clean up excessively polluted water bodies (link to the French study film at the end of the post). Believe it or not - everyone's personal business. But nutritionists still urge to buy "wild" fish whenever possible, if there is no complete confidence in the supplier of aquaculture fish. It turns out that from the point of view of modern dietetics, our domestic commercial fish can still potentially bring more health benefits.

But, even "wild" fish can be harmful to healthRecent studies show that even the meat of commercial fish is often contaminated with chemical toxic substances: industrial enterprises actively emit mercury, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), dioxin and other pollutants into the environment, which enter the water and then along the food chain into fish. plichlorobiphenyls): belong to the group of persistent organic pollutants, the monitoring of which in air, water and soil is mandatory in developed industrial countries due to their high risk to the environment and public health.
PCBs were first produced in the United States by Monsanto in 1929. These are oily liquids that are not flammable and do not conduct electricity, but they conduct heat well. PCBs are resistant to acids and alkalis.

Due to these properties, they have found wide application as dielectrics in transformers and capacitors, as coolants in heat exchange systems, in hydraulic engineering, are part of plasticizers, paints, varnishes, lubricating oils, plastics, carbon paper, additives in household chemicals. The production of PCBs has almost completely ceased all over the world. In 2001, most European countries signed the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants for the earliest possible environmentally safe neutralization of these substances. The parties to this convention committed themselves to completely neutralizing PCBs available in their countries until 2028.

The best thing to do for your health is to introduce into your diet smaller fish instead of medium and large (old and large ones usually contain more harmful substances) and shellfish, which are less likely to contain harmful substances. In the United States, the US Department of Conservation and the Environmental Protection Fund regularly publish data on the content of harmful chemicals to human health in various types of popular seafood. There is no such monitoring in Russia.Below is a list of fish species in the waters of the oceans according to the degree of contamination with mercury and PCBs.It is recommended to completely avoid: - Striped wild perch - Pelamida (!!!) - American eel - King mackerel - Shark - Wild sturgeon (!!!) - Sword fish - Common tuna (!!!) once a month): - Summer and winter flounder - Yellow perch - Big-headed tuna - Eat moderately (at least 2 times a month): - Seabass (an aquaculture object, in Russia only such irina_co is on sale) - Blue crab - Grouper- Toothed rasp - King mackerel - Salmon (aquaculture product) - Sea spotted trout - Snapper Eat more often (but less than 3 times a month): - Red-tailed snapper - Atlantic sturgeon - Blackfin tuna - Longfin tuna, canned - Yellowfin tuna once a month): - Anchovies - Catfish - Bivalve molluscs - Cod (Atlantic) - Crabs - Langoustes - Haddock - Halibut - Herring - Lobsters - Atlantic mackerel - Dorada - Mussels - Oysters - Pollock - Sardines - Wild salmon - Crawfish - Scallops - Pestilence Unfortunately, in Russia, we have not yet created similar safety lists for different types of fish, so there is simply no place to find out about the level of this or that toxic substance in fish. Analyzes of the organization "Roskontrol" so far concern only the grade and volume of ice added to frozen products.Black Sea flounder Kalkan:

Fishing in the Barents Sea:

Sources: 1. On PCB contamination of fish: Bret Blumenthal. A year lived right. 52 steps to a healthy lifestyle. Moscow. 2016. p. 215.2. About fish imported into the territory of the Russian Federation, about domestic aquaculture: About farmer salmon: "Fish of mass destruction": a link to a film by French journalists Nicolas Daniel and Louis de Bayberac _____________________________________

"... NORWEGIAN SALMON IS THE MOST TOXIC FOOD IN THE WORLD ..." - quote from the movie

The film is long, as much as 50 minutes, but after watching it, you will learn about many more aspects of the use of artificial fish imported from Asia and Norway. Most likely, you will not regret these 50 minutes spent.We are planning to make a synopsis of this film in the near future due to the fact that the information covered in the film is very important, significant and little-known. We managed to find this video in the "wilds" of the Internet with great difficulty:

What fish are not farmed artificially?

• Fish that are not grown artificially on farms and are not stuffed with antibiotics, growth stimulants, dyes, but are caught from natural waters, seas, oceans - this is pollock, catfish, flounder, perch, navaga, pink salmon, cod, salmon, saury, herring, chum ... The diet of fish grown artificially is poor, they do not have plankton and shrimp on the menu, which naturally affects the quality of the fish.

• Cod is grown in large quantities in Norway!

  There is a lot of cod in Russia from there, be careful

• The well-known and beloved fish with such a cute name - HERRING - is not grown artificially on farms.

  At least, I have not found information anywhere that herring is grown artificially. It turns out that this particular fish is less dangerous for our body than salmon, salmon, carp, dorado, pangasius and telapia. And this is only a part of those fish that are grown artificially.

• When choosing fish, nutritionists advise buying one that has not been grown in fisheries. Such fish include: cod, saury, herring, pollock, pink salmon.

  Such fish is considered more useful, because, unlike their more fattened relatives, they were not fed with GMO feed and / or antibiotics.

  By the way, as an alternative, many summer residents are engaged in fish farming in nearby water bodies. Crucian carp is especially suitable for such purposes, which can adapt and reproduce well in almost any water. They grow well in captivity with veal. It is better to buy fish grown on farms not often.

Thanks to the mother of my patient, for whom I began to look for information about Dorado fish during the examination, your humble one cannot understand how she got to a wonderful site that she could not help but share with you. In the Schools of Healthy and Delicious introductory course, we go into detail on the main problems associated with fish, but until now I could not find a sufficiently informative list of edible fish and fish contaminated with mercury until I discovered this site.

The site helps to select fish and seafood that are least contaminated with heavy metals. It is also intended for those who prefer to eat food that does not harm the environment, so some fish species for which there is no medical data are mentioned there simply because their breeding does not harm the environment. Be careful and look for information about the degree of infection!

Upd: For readers from Russia: this site contains not only American information at all, it mentions a lot of fish species that are caught in Russia. By default, the fish of the Russian catch is considered more contaminated, because Russia does not comply with international standards and does not allow inspectors, but in this case it is the breed that decides, so if the fish does not accumulate mercury, then it will not accumulate it in Russia either.

Translate the name of the breed: Russian-English-Hebrew.

Types of fish you can eat:

Anchovies, northern (Engraulis mordax), European (Engraulis encrasicolus) and Japanese (Engraulis japonicus).

Barramundi (Lates calcarifer), except Indo-Pacific.
Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), grown in the USA.
Marsh crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), not made in China.
Rocky spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus), only from California or Baja, Mexico City.
American lobster (Homarus americanus)
Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus).
Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus).
Sardines (Sardinops sagax).
Pagra, she is sea bream, she is thai (Pagrus pagrus).
Salmon (Salmo salar), wild, from Alaska. Farmed salmon and wild salmon from Washington DC are contaminated with PCBs and are dangerous to eat more than once a month and less often just harmful.
Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus).
Tilapia (Tilapia).
Bivalve molluscs (Mya arenaria), grown in the USA.
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), grown in the USA.
Oysters (Crassostrea virginica), grown in the United States on farms.
Sea scallops (Argopecten irradians).
Pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani).
Squid (Teuthida).

The types that the site recommends to eat occasionally (about once a month), but I do not recommend:

Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus). The site advises to eat it, but in this case I cannot agree with the site - according to my information, not everything is so simple with a bang.

Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Infected with PCBs.
Light tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis). Infection with mercury, although less than in other types of tuna.
White halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis). Medium contamination with mercury.
Black sea perch (Centropristis striata). Medium contamination with mercury.
Pompano (Trachinotus carolinus). Medium contamination with mercury.
Monkfish (Lophius piscatorius). Mercury contamination.
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Infection of PCBs.
Tongue of the sea (Parophrys vetula). Medium contamination of PCBs.
Stingray (Leucoraja ocellata). Medium contamination with mercury.
Cuban yellowtail (Ocyurus chrysurus).Medium contamination with mercury.
Large-headed snapper (Vermilion snapper). Medium contamination with mercury.
Lucianidae, various (Lutjanidae). Medium contamination with mercury.
Coal fish (Anoplopoma fimbria). Medium contamination with mercury.
Sea bass - rockfish. Medium contamination with mercury.
Dorado (Coryphaena hippurus). Medium contamination with mercury.

Fish that contain a large amount of hazardous substances (species are located as hazardous substances increase):

Khokhlach, aka tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps). High levels of mercury.

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). High levels of mercury.
White albacore tuna. High levels of mercury.
Oysters (Crassostrea virginica). High infection rate of PCBs.
Moray eel (Conger conger). High levels of mercury.
Sea eel (Conger oceanicus). High levels of mercury.
Ram snapper (Lutjanus analis). High levels of mercury.
Grouper (Epinephelus). High levels of mercury.
Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri). High levels of mercury.
The croaker is gray, the croaker is zander, spotted (Cynoscion nebulosus). High levels of both mercury and PCBs.
Spanish Markel (Scomberomorus maculatus). High levels of mercury.
Toothed Terpug (Ophiodon elongatus). High levels of mercury.
Blue swimming crab (Callinectes sapidus). High levels of both mercury and PCBs.
Toothfish Chilean Patagonian. High levels of mercury.
Bighead orange (Hoplostethus atlanticus). High levels of mercury.
Big-eyed tuna (Thunnus obesus). Very high levels of mercury.
Farmed salmon (Salmo salar). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Salmon (Salmo salar), wild, from Washington. Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Red-finned opal (Lampris guttatus). Very high levels of mercury.
American flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Summer toothed flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.
Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). Very high infection rate of PCBs, it is dangerous to eat more than once a month.

Never eat the following types of fish, they are very dangerous (species are located in the order of increasing harmful substances):

Swordfish. Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.

Shark. Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Marlin (Makaira). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Common tuna (Thunnus thynnus). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Royal mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla). Contains dangerous amounts of mercury.
Croaker gray (Cynoscion regalis). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Sturgeon. Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Shed (Alosa sapidissima). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
American eel. Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
White croaker (Genyonemus lineatus). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.
Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
American striped perch (Morone saxatilis). Contains hazardous amounts of mercury and PCBs.
Gray-backed, elewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). Contains hazardous amounts of PCBs.

As far as I know, there are no similar lists in Russian (at least not on such a scale and not from such an authoritative source), so the dissemination of information is encouraged in every possible way.

I try to eat exclusively plant foods, but I can't refuse fish and seafood. I love them very much, and therefore I am offended and scared to read about the fact that in reality fish can be not only not useful, but also extremely dangerous. To reduce the health risks that can arise from eating fish and seafood, there are a few rules to follow.

1. Avoid farmed fish. There are several reasons. Firstly, such a fish grows in habitats that are not natural for it, it moves little, and therefore the fat formed in it is absolutely useless. Second, farmers typically use antibiotics to prevent disease and fight parasites, and hormones to boost growth. And thirdly, the food for these fish contains substances hazardous to human health (for example, pesticides).All these wonderful additives enter our body along with grilled salmon steak or dorada ((((

2. Unfortunately, the wild fish is also not all right. Today the oceans and seas are extremely polluted and radioactive, and fish absorb toxic and radioactive substances that are dangerous to human health. Most of them accumulate in large fish. Such hazardous substances include heavy metals and mercury. Mercury is a neurotoxin that causes people to lose memory, vision, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Doctors strongly recommend that pregnant women exclude products containing mercury, as it causes mental retardation, deafness, blindness and cerebral palsy in children.

Here is a list of fish that should be avoided altogether, as they contain the highest concentration of mercury: marlin, tile, swordfish (my husband's weakness, which caused high levels of mercury in his body), shark, king mackerel, bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna.

And this fish is recommended to be consumed no more than once a month, the maximum portion is 180 grams: Chilean sea bass, bluefish, sea bass, Spanish mackerel, yellowtail tuna.

Fish from the following list can also be eaten in small portions no more than 6 times a month: striped bass and black perch, carp, Pacific cod, white croaker, Pacific and Atlantic halibut, lobster, dorado, monkfish, freshwater perch, coal fish, stingray, snapper, gray croaker, striped tuna.

Finally, it is recommended to eat fish from this list no more than twice a week (a portion of 180 grams): anchovy, butterfish, catfish, bivalve molluscs, crabs, crayfish, croaker, haddock, hake, herring, Atlantic mackerel and Japanese mackerel, mullet, oysters, river and sea flounder, salmon, sardines, scallops, shrimps, sole, squid, telapia, freshwater trout, "white" fish, hake.

3. When cooking fish, keep in mind that toxic substances are mainly found in fat, and it is better to choose cooking methods that involve melting the fat, such as grilling.

4. Avoid canned fish and any industrially processed fish. I hope there is no need to explain why)))

5. I am also often asked about sushi, because there is an opinion that it is a very healthy food. However, in light of the above, it is clear that this is not the case. And one more thing: the combination of fish and rice (especially processed white rice) is very bad for digestion, so sushi or rolls are the wrong choice in a Japanese restaurant. It is better to choose sashimi - if you are not afraid of radiation and mercury))).

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Why the Far Eastern red fish swims abroad, and we are fed with Chinese mutants

This year, for the first time in 100 years, the waters of the Russian Far Eastern seas were simply teeming with salmon. But almost all of them escaped the hands of our consumers - for export. Russian pollock gets to us through the Chinese border - poisoned and expensive comes back. Instead of native salmon and pink salmon on the table of Russians, imported artificially grown in muddy reservoirs. Why does our best fish go over the hill and why is broiler salmon dangerous?

Scientists predicted a "harvest" of valuable Pacific fish, but they did not even think about such a scale. Russia has set a century-old record for salmon catch - 253 thousand tons! It would seem that here it is, a gold mine: the country is provided with a tasty, healthy product and there is more than enough for export. It was not so. At the docks of the Far East, pink salmon - 30 rubles each, and in our stores you won't see your salmon again: frozen carcasses from China and Vietnam, dyed Norwegian salmon for 400 rubles each, exotic pangasius and tilapia.The length of the sea border of Russia is equal to the equator of the planet - almost 40 thousand km, more than 250 species of fish are caught in our water area. But in spite of everything, the fish do not feed the country.

Caviar with vodka is a Russian classic. Photo:

A typical Moscow market with a giant fish pavilion. In the aquariums, on the counters, there are huge fish frozen into the ice. Tuna from the Indian Ocean - 1.8 thousand rubles. per 1 kg, turbot from Portugal - 1.5 thousand, gilthead from Greece, salmon from Sweden, salmon from Norway, pangasius from the Mekong valley - this is such a geography. Where is Russia? Here it is, modestly huddled in the corner: Murmansk halibut for 400 rubles. looks at buyers ingratiatingly, as if apologizing for such a modest domestic contribution. And where are the salmon, which are teeming with the Russian northern waters? Experienced fishermen say that Russian ports are packed with trawlers queuing up for unloading with pink salmon rotting in their holds. Refrigerators on Sakhalin are overflowing - the catch is rich, but there is nowhere to store it. If a Norwegian trawler freezes on average up to 1000 tons of fish per day, then ours is only 50, and Russian salmon are sold for yuan not from a good life.

Pollock fillet from China

“We don’t have normal transport routes to deliver, say, to Tver, our native pink salmon from the Far East,” explains Alexander Savelyev, head of the Rosrybolovstvo public relations center. - Now it is more profitable to drive fish for export, and buy from the Chinese, although the quality

leaves much to be desired. Vladivostok cannot process everything that Kamchatka can provide, the goods lie in Primorye for three to four months before going deep into Russia. There are not enough refrigerators, rolling stock, and settlements with Moscow take a very long time. And the Japanese pay right away! In addition, VAT is not levied on the sale of fish abroad. Therefore, almost all large enterprises that have their own refrigerated fleet send fish to Japan, Korea or China.
According to statistics, this year alone, the export of Russian pollock has increased tenfold, but its imports are also growing, only from China - from the place where pollock is not found.
- The Chinese feed us with our own fish, only processed: defrost, make fillets, beautifully pack. Isn't it absurd? - Saveliev concludes.
On the right is the Far East and 85 percent of the country's fish wealth, on the left - up to the Ural ridge - 85 percent of the population. Even the government does not know how to bridge the gap between the product and the consumer, and it is not clear from what head the domestic fish rots. The head of the Federal Agency for Fishery, Andrei Krainy, frankly declares that it becomes unprofitable to catch many types of biological resources, it is cheaper to “stand at the wall in the port”, since in the fishery for the same pollock the cost of fuel is approaching the cost of the catch. And retailers, in turn, are not profitable to trade in cheap sea fish.
- Capelin was originally 12 rubles, and then there are markups for logistics, and in Moscow it is sold at retail for 80 rubles, - said the head of the federal agency. - Given that the delivery of one kilogram of any fish from Murmansk, from the shores of the Barents Sea, costs two and a half to three rubles. When we tried to understand the pricing mechanism, retailers answered us: they charge at such a price. There is no alternative trading system. They say they have an average 30 percent margin on food sales, and three pennies on your capelin. From Norwegian salmon, 30 percent is 150 rubles for the same labor costs.

Soviet posters called for the protection of national wealth

Inedible "aquaculture"

The fish farm in Konakovo, Tver region, is the oldest in Russia. From there to Moscow 140 km. Salmon from here even to Uruguay is supplied for breeding, it is easier for it to swim there than to the Russian consumer.
When buying frozen imported pollock, we pay half for water. It turns out that our legislation provides for two GOSTs, one for Russian products, where the weight of the glaze should be no more than four percent, the presence of polyphosphates that allow you to "push" more water into the carcass is completely unacceptable. According to the import GOST, fish imported from abroad can be glazed as much as you like - twice, three times by dipping the fillet into water and freezing, each time increasing the weight of the goods by 20 percent. That is why finding frozen domestic pollock on the counter is an impossible task.
Most often, pangasius and tilapia are bought in fish stores because they are tasty and not very expensive. This fish is brought to us from China and Vietnam - there it is bred on small farms. This is how salmon, gilthead, sea bass, sole, carp, pangasius, tilapia are grown. Experts say these foreign products are not really fish. It can be compared to a broiler chicken. Artificial salmon are grown in special cages, where the fish live practically without movement, on growth stimulants, fed with dyes, which gives the meat a “corrupt” color, and pumped with antibiotics. Eating this fish is not only expensive, but also dangerous: it causes cancer, a malfunction of the immune system, allergic reactions, and gastrointestinal diseases. Canthaxatin, which is added to artificial fish feed, causes vision problems. The European Union prohibits the sale of such fish on its territory, but in Russia it is possible.

- Artificial additives are used in fish farming in Norway and Chile. I personally don’t eat such fish and I don’t advise you, ”the head of the Federal Agency for Fishery admitted in an interview with Komsomolskaya Pravda. - All salmon brought from our Far East are wild, they came from the Pacific Ocean and are ecologically clean. Imported tilapia, pangasius - farmed "aquaculture". This is very convenient for retailers: a manufacturer can grow fish of any size, by a certain date and any color, even blue. I saw in China how tilapia is bred, in what rubbish it swims.
Andrey Krainy drew attention to the fact that wild fish is 25-30 percent more expensive than artificial fish, which can serve as a guide in a store or restaurant. As for river fish, according to the head of the Federal Agency for Fishery, the cleanest of the Siberian rivers: chir, nelma, muksun.

Careful, do not run into a fake

1. Do not buy fish with hot pink meat. The diet of artificial fish is inadequate, there are no shrimp and plankton, so the meat is pale.
2. Notice the streaks in the fillets. If they are white instead of hot pink, no dye has been applied. If the fish has small fins and scarlet meat, then it is stuffed with dyes and growth stimulants.
3. Unscrupulous manufacturers dissolve bones using so-called ripeners. Read the label: if ripeners are indicated on it, skip the purchase.
4. To increase the weight of the product, polyphosphates are injected into the fish. This fillet looks smooth and shiny. If, after defrosting, when pressed, a lot of water has flowed out, it means that polyphosphates have been injected there.
5. Pressed fillets are usually sold in round or square briquettes. It is cheaper than usual. The fact is that under the press are the remains of fish, small pieces without bones. Unscrupulous producers can make it from tails, heads and scales - they give themselves away with streaks and dark spots on the fillet cut.
6. Smell the fillets. If it smells like ammonia, it was made from expired fish.

And again as good as new!

Sellers are allowed to write off no more than ten percent of spoiled products. Salespeople go to great lengths to deceive the buyer.

1. Re-stick the labels. The fish is re-packaged every day and a new date sticker is made.
2. Cheap varieties of fish are passed off as more expensive. Especially if the fish is not sold whole, but in pieces or in the form of fillets.
3. Frozen fish is thawed and passed off as chilled. If they haven't bought it, they freeze it again. And so several times.
4. With the help of lemon juice or vinegar, they beat off the smell of rotten fish and wash away the mucus.
5. In rotten fish, the gills become gray or brownish. To hide the evidence, they are tinted with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or red watercolor paint.
6. Soaked in potassium permanganate and "liquid smoke", making "smoked" from rotten chilled fish.
7. Marinate with a lot of spices and grill the kebab.

Down with toxins
Place the fish in boiling water and simmer for 10 minutes.Drain the water. This will remove most of the toxins from the fish.

I swam yesterday
Only cod, which is caught all year round, can always be fresh. The fishing period for other fish species lasts no more than two months a year.

Even a cat will not be happy with a large crucian carp. Photo:

Expert commentary

Ekaterina BELIKOVA, nutritionist, candidate of medical sciences:
- In the course of laboratory studies of cold smoked mackerel, we found that after heat treatment, the amino acids that raw fish are rich in were completely preserved, and there were even more useful polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega-3 and Omega-6. This is due to the fact that during the smoking process the fish is dehydrated, therefore the fat mass increases.
However, it has been established that carcinogens are formed in smoked fish, which in large quantities can lead to oncological diseases. Of the two types of smoking, cold is considered more harmless. Smoked products are not recommended for children and the elderly.