What varieties of tobacco are grown in central Russia?

There are many varieties of tobacco. Below are the varieties suitable for our climate:

Virginia 202

A variety of the Krasnodar Institute of Tobacco and Makhorka. Early ripe, picks up strength and aroma very well. Resistant to many diseases. High in carbohydrates. Adapted to growing with little or no watering. Very reliable, unpretentious.
This variety belongs to dark Virginias, which have a darker mahogany hue, rich aroma and medium strength. At home, a fire dryer can be replaced with a solar one. Drying in a greenhouse or between window frames gives a good result; in the heat, the main thing is to provide humidification with the help of containers with water. The longer the processing and fermentation of a Virginia leaf takes, the darker, aromatic and rich it becomes. Even in our conditions, this variety stably grows up to two or more meters and has a leaf size of about seventy centimeters, second only to Burleigh in these indicators. The ripening period is medium late, but with timely planting, it ripens perfectly by the end of September. When ripe, the leaf acquires a pronounced marked yellowness. The planting scheme is traditional: 70x30 cm.

Virginia Gold

Virginia is the sweetest tobacco in the world. It is mainly used in the bag of manufactured cigarettes (70% of the whole bag is the base) and pipe blends. The variety is native to America, Virginia. It is currently grown throughout Western Europe and Russia. Golden Virginia is the easiest to grow, adapted for central Russia, since it has resistance against tobacco diseases (tobacco mosaic disease, etc.). Also very good for beginners (easy to control maturity). It is best grown in the open sun, not in the shade. As the leaf turns yellowish green, it is removed. Gives a very large yield of raw materials. Medium late variety, ripens by mid-August. It grows quickly, loves moderate watering. The bush is "dense". The length of the leaves reaches 60-65 centimeters or more. The stem is thick, about 4-5 centimeters in diameter. The bush is 200-220 centimeters high. Flowers from pale Pink to bright Pink. The seeds are small. The smoke aroma of this variety is bright, with a slight sourness, fruity-sweet due to the large amount of sugars. Burning is excellent. The fortress is average. Fire drying is recommended (duration is about 4-5 days) after which the leaf acquires a light yellow, light brown color, but in our conditions it can be replaced with a solar one, with a complete loss of chlorophyll. The longer the drying time, the darker and stronger the leaf becomes, with a rich aroma. For the full disclosure of the taste, fermentation is required, the more the better (from six months to a year).

Herzegovina Flor

Tobacco with a unique taste and aroma. People call it "Stalin's Tobacco".
Has achieved popularity due to its highly productive, taste and aromatic qualities, as well as medium-moderate strength. Great for smoking in a pipe and filling cigarettes. It is used both in various bags and separately.
In cultivation, it is unpretentious, reaches a height of more than one and a half meters. The leaves are some of the largest in the semi-aromatic type. Due to the instability of the variety, under certain conditions mutations with a height of three meters are observed. Such giants were popularly called the Duke, however, it has not yet been possible to consolidate such a useful property.An important feature of the variety is that it does not tolerate accelerated and artificial fermentation and fully manifests all its qualities only after at least six months of aging. Landing scheme: 70x25.

Ducat Crimean

Crimean tobaccos have always been highly aromatic. And in the Middle Lane, they showed themselves from the best side. Plants are large. Leaves up to half a meter long. Easily fermented.
Dukat Crimean is very popular among domestic amateur tobacco growers. It is unpretentious in cultivation, rather early maturing. The bush is low, but dense, the leaves are up to fifty centimeters long, the correct oval shape. Unlike other varieties, the leaves ripen before the color appears, so they start harvesting from July. The readiness of the sheet is determined by the appearance of a light yellow border at the edges. Combined sun-shade drying is applied to the variety. One of the features of Dukat is that it does not tolerate accelerated and artificial fermentation. This variety was originally bred for cultivation on the territory of the USSR, and therefore it is quite resistant to climate conditions even in Central Russia, although it loses a little in aroma in the north.
Landing scheme: 70x20 cm.

Kentucky Barley

Kentucky Barley tobacco naturally has a pleasant nutty flavor. This compares favorably with other varieties of tobacco, which must go through a difficult and long way of fermentation before use, especially difficult for beginner tobacco growers.
Burley is the # 1 tobacco used in the cigarette industry. In the United States, it is grown primarily in eight states. Approximately 70% is produced in Kentucky.

What characterizes this variety? Burley is low in sugars, high in essential oils. The nicotine content in the leaf varies from average to very high levels. Many lovers of this tobacco call Burley a chameleon - Burley is able to "dissolve in a tobacco mixture, absorb the aroma of the environment - tobacco of other varieties." Indeed, Burleigh is capable of accepting 20-25% of its own weight of flavorings. Canada at one time restricted the import of Burley cigarettes due to the high flavor content.

This strain by its nature contains a high percentage of nicotine. In our conditions of central Russia, it does not gain much nicotine, and this is also ideal for growing.

Makhorka Moscow

A subspecies of tobacco, which differs from Nicotiana tabacum in smaller growth (up to 120 cm) and greater strength. Rustic tobacco got its botanical name for its ubiquity and ease of cultivation. Almost no care is required for her, with the exception of edging and pinning. The peculiarity of this variety is that it is tobacco for those who were late to plant other varieties in early spring. It is not too late to plant a makhorka even in June, and directly into the soil, that is, in a seedless way, and it is guaranteed to yield a harvest by September. However, in order to obtain high-quality raw materials, it is still better to plant it with seedlings, but two to three weeks later than tobacco. Unlike tobacco, makhorka is completely unpretentious and grows calmly from the southern regions up to the Arctic Circle. Another feature: the makhorka is cut off with a whole bush and thus dried. In order for the languor to begin right at the root, a few days before cutting, plastification is used, that is, the stem is cut in half. When cooking shag, the stem (badyl) also matters. When crushed, it is added to the fermented leaves to reduce the strength. Thus, tobacco can be smoked separately, but many people prefer to add it to various tobacco blends to give them a special aroma (especially pronounced in this variety), and Virginia tobaccos are also strong. Even for non-smokers, tobacco has a use as a pest and moth control agent. Planting scheme 50-70x20 cm.

Maryland - Maryland Tobacco

Maryland is one of the three main varieties of the American subspecies of tobacco, just like Burleigh is a non-Virginian Merilyad variety. Ranks third in terms of planting in the United States, and is grown in other countries. This tobacco has been grown in Russia since 1828.
The "Maryland" tobacco is a light variety. The color of the finished raw material is dark brown.
The taste is restrained, has a fine texture and excellent flammability. Used for all traditional French flavored cigars and cigarettes. The amount of nicotine is low. Light, light, air-dried.
High-yielding, early ripening. Disease resistant.
It is unpretentious in cultivation, it easily adapts even to the climate of central Russia, although it does not reach the results at home here. On average, the height of a plant in our climate is 1.8 meters, the length of the leaf is up to 50 cm. Mid-season, it produces flowers relatively early. In the case of edging, it gives a lot of stepsons and needs to be removed. Better than many varieties, it is resistant to tobacco diseases, which is important for self-cultivation. The leaf is dense, normally green, needs to be stewed, but coarsely erupts relatively easily. Shadow cured tobacco. Fermentation or aging is highly desirable for full flavor development. The planting scheme is traditional: 70x30 cm.

Holly 316

Late-ripening form, intensive type of leaf maturation. Low in nicotine. From planting to maturation of the leaves of the last breaking 120 days.
The shape of the plant is cylindrical with protruding leaves. The leaf is sessile, long, broadly elliptical, light green. Technical leaves 30-37. The variety is mid-late, skeletal type. The beginning of flowering on the 108th day, the maturation of the leaves of the first tier on the 80-85th day. The variety is resistant to peronosporosis, tobacco mosaic virus. The inflorescence is round, medium compact. The pommel is slightly pointed. Leaf swelling is average. The edge of the leaf is even or very slightly wavy. The corolla of the flower is light pink. The nicotine content is 1.0-1.5%, the Shmuk number (the ratio of carbohydrates to proteins) is 3.0.

Turkish Refectory

It got its name from the name of the Turkish city of Trabzon. Resistant to unfavorable growing conditions. Ripens quickly.
Turkish has long been successfully acclimatized to Russian and Ukrainian conditions. And successful zoning is not the last thing for growing tobacco. It is quite possible that due to long-term cultivation in our humid climate and rich soil, it reaches incredible sizes for a typical Oriental (up to three meters in height, according to Ushakov), but it is also quite likely that this is a hybrid that successfully combines high productivity of American varieties with oriental aroma and sweetness. In any case, it is not worth chasing the size and re-fertilizing Turkish: due to the excess of nitrogen, it becomes very strong and loses in aroma. But with proper cultivation, the variety has a rich, independent aroma with chocolate notes and an average strength. When smoked, it gives off white thick smoke. Turkish can be used in a pipe and roll a monotabac, but it works best in a bag of skeletal American varieties. Easily gritty and does not require special fermentation. And although now Turetsky is gradually being replaced by foreign varieties, it still remains very popular among gardeners. Landing scheme according to Ushakov 100x70 cm.

A good selection of tobacco seeds here:

Growing tobacco or makhorka is not difficult at all. We are often asked about this process, and, combining personal experience with advice from experienced people, including our readers, we decided to publish this material. I must say that the process of growing tobacco is not much different from growing, for example, tomatoes. But still, growing tobacco, you need to know certain features of this plant. This is what our publication is about.

Content:

• General information about the tobacco plant
• Should you grow tobacco?
• Features of growing tobacco
• Tobacco pests and diseases
• Tobacco drying and fermentation

General information about the tobacco plant

Tobacco (Nicotiana) is a genus of perennial and annual plants of the Solanaceae family. Grown to obtain raw materials used in tobacco products. In culture, the following types are most often found:

• Ordinary tobacco, or Virginia Tobacco, or Real Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The plant is up to 3 m high with pink flowers, a tubular corolla with sharp lobes, leaves are oblong-lanceolate, sessile. Real tobacco is quite thermophilic, therefore it is especially productively grown in hot regions. In our country, ordinary tobacco is grown south of 55 ° north latitude (this is approximately the latitude of Ryazan, Smolensk, Ulyanovsk, Ufa, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Omsk, Novosibirsk and Kemerovo). Ordinary tobacco is cultivated in many countries of the world and has many varieties.
• Common shag, or Rustic tobacco (Nicotiana rustica) - a plant much lower than ordinary tobacco (up to 120 cm high), yellowish flowers, corolla with a short tube and rounded blades, ovoid leaves, narrow, obtuse at the end. The leaves of this more unpretentious plant contain half the amount of nicotine.

In the 19th century in Russia, makhorka was cultivated on an industrial scale everywhere (even in the Urals and Siberia). Even now, some villagers traditionally grow this plant from their own seeds.

Bolivia and Peru are considered the homeland of tobacco; it was brought to Europe by the expeditions of Christopher Columbus. Traditional areas of cultural cultivation - North America, China, India, Asia Minor. On the territory of the former USSR, ordinary tobacco is cultivated in the Transcaucasia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, Crimea and Krasnodar Territory. Tobacco is a thermophilic plant, the optimal summer temperature for it is about 30 ° C. Moist, light, free-flowing sandy soils are suitable for it. Tobacco is propagated by seeds, growing seedlings from them, which are then planted in the ground.

All parts of the plant contain nicotine (nicotine leaves most of all - 0.75-2.88%). Nicotine is a potent neurotoxin and cardiotoxin that causes short-term euphoria. The use of tobacco in various forms and in various ways (smoking, chewing, sniffing) causes physical and psychological dependence. Nicotine is extremely toxic. Some of the substances in tobacco are carcinogenic. therefore smoking tobacco is dangerous to health.

Should you grow tobacco?

Suppose you are a smoker, and you have the good fortune to live somewhere in the south of Russia or in Ukraine. You have at your disposal several acres of land. Why not try on the role of Philip Morris or at least Jack Vosmerkin, an American?

First, some fun arithmetic. One cigarette contains about a gram of tobacco. And the cheaper the cigarettes, the less it is there. That is, the pack contains about 20 grams. If a person smokes a pack a day, he will need about 6-8 kilograms of tobacco per year.

Under favorable conditions, about 30 g of smoking tobacco can be obtained from one plant, and six to seven plants can be placed on 1 square meter. The planting density of large-leaved varieties is 70 × 30 cm, and the planting density of medium-sized tobacco and makhorka is 70 × 20 cm.It turns out that you need to grow 270-300 plants, occupying about 40 square meters. m. plot. Moreover, if the tobacco turned out to be too "evil", it can be diluted with the stems.

Therefore, from the point of view of economy and finances, it is definitely profitable for a smoker to grow tobacco.

Features of growing tobacco

Further in the article we will talk about the cultivation of ordinary tobacco. If you decide to grow shag (Nicotiana rustica), then you will not need many of the tips given, shag is much easier to grow and less thermophilic. For the middle lane, it is sown in May in the ground under a film or covering material, and it has time to grow and give a crop.

So, the first thing to attend to is the seeds and their planting.Seeds are now sold on the Internet on many sites, you just need to choose a store convenient for you and a variety of tobacco.

Tobacco varieties

There are many varieties of ordinary tobacco. It is worth saying that for the period from 1990 to 2010. in the All-Russian Research Institute of Tobacco, more than 20 new productive and disease-resistant varieties of tobacco with excellent characteristics have been bred.

As with vegetables, it is better to choose local varieties for your site. Therefore, we list some popular varieties that are zoned for the territories of the former USSR:

• Refectory Kubanets. The growing season from planting seedlings to the last breaking is 103-134 days. Technically suitable leaves on average 27 pcs. Nicotine content 2.6%.
• Refectory 92. The variety is resistant to numerous damaging factors, viral tobacco diseases. It has a short growing season. On average, leaf breaking occurs 98 days after planting.
• Samsun 85. The variety belongs to intensively ripening varieties, mid-season - the number of days from planting to leaf breaking will be approximately 105-110 days. The number of technically ripe leaves from one tobacco bush is about 50 pcs.
• Anniversary new 142. The growing season from planting seedlings to ripening of leaves of average breaking is 78 days, to the last breaking 82 days. The nicotine content in the leaves is 2.0-2.1%. The variety has a complex resistance to tobacco diseases.
• Holly 316. Late-ripening form, intensive type of leaf maturation. Low in nicotine. From planting to maturation of the leaves of the last breaking 120 days.

Planting seeds

We recommend growing just a few bushes for the first year. So you will test your strength and find out all the nuances of the process. Therefore, you need very few seeds to get started. Tobacco seeds are as small as dust. There are about 12 thousand tobacco seeds in one gram, and about 4 thousand pieces of makhorka. To get the annual “rate” of a smoker, you need to sow only a quarter of a gram of tobacco seeds or three-quarters of a gram of tobacco seeds. You don't have to buy seeds anymore. Two or three bushes will give them more than needed for sowing a hectare.

Tobacco seeds remain viable for a long time, so sowing with old seeds is also possible, although it must be borne in mind that their germination decreases over time.

Tobacco can be planted on the seedlings on the windowsills, with or without a pick. The required age of seedlings is 40-45 days. But this technique is good only for small (up to a quarter of a hundred) volumes. However, for the first experiment, we don't need more. When growing tobacco in large volumes, it is either immediately planted in the ground (in warm climates), or greenhouses and nurseries are used.

Tobacco seeds are sown superficially, scattering them over wet soil.

An important point. The seeding depth of tobacco seeds is no more than 0.7-0.8 cm (0.3-0.5 cm for shag). After sowing, they are only slightly pressed into the ground and watered very carefully so that the seeds do not go deep.

You can sow not dry seeds, but hatched seeds. In this case, 4 days before sowing, the seeds are soaked in warm clean water and placed on a damp cloth. This will speed up the germination of the seeds and shorten the time to forcing the seedlings by a week.

The optimum temperature for germination of tobacco seeds is + 25ºC… + 28ºC. If the temperature is lower, then this can delay the emergence of plants, or even destroy them altogether.

It is impossible to overmoisten, as well as overdry the seedlings. It is best to water a little, almost daily.

Transplanting

Seedlings are planted when it reaches a height of 15 cm, has 5-6 developed true leaves and a well-developed root system. At this moment, the danger of spring frosts should be avoided outside the window, and the soil at a depth of 10 cm should warm up above 10 ° C. This period is different in different regions, but approximately it is from the end of April to the end of May.

A week before planting, it is necessary to start hardening the seedlings, reducing watering and accustoming them to open air.2-3 days before planting, watering the seedlings is completely stopped, watering abundantly only 2-3 hours before planting.

Plants are planted one at a time in the holes, after pouring 1 liter of water into them. In general, the process is very similar to planting tomato seedlings. And of course, every transplant is a shock for the plant. Therefore, it is advisable to preserve on the roots the soil in which the seedlings grew.

Care

During the growth period, it is necessary to regularly loosen the ground, remove weeds, feed and water. You can feed the plants based on the fertilization rates of tomatoes. Watering is usually limited to two to three waterings per summer, consuming 6-8 liters of water per plant. It is better to water the tobacco insufficiently than to water it.

A rooted tobacco bush can have roots up to several meters, and many tobacco growers find watering mature bushes harmful. However, it would be nice to water the tobacco a few days before harvesting.

In flowering plants, inflorescences are broken off (vershoking) and lateral shoots are regularly removed (pinching).

The soil

Tobacco is planted on fresh soil, in the absence of such, it is placed either after steam, or after winter crops or other plants that impose other nutrient requirements on the soil. For this reason, tobacco should not be planted, for example, after beets and potatoes.

The best soils for tobacco should be considered sandy loam, characterized by the presence of potassium and nitrogen, which are necessary for the tobacco plant.

Like all immigrants from the New World, tobacco is rapidly depleting the soil. But the remedy is known - fertilizers perfectly solve this problem.

The best fertilizer for tobacco is cow dung. Bird droppings and oilcakes are also considered useful fertilizers for tobacco. On soils poor in lime, liming is used, it has a beneficial effect not only on the culture, but also on the completeness of combustion of the tobacco plant.

Harvesting begins when the color of the tobacco leaves changes from green to yellow-green or light green. Since even one bush will have leaves of varying degrees of color, harvesting can take several weeks.

Tobacco pests and diseases

Tobacco is damaged by a number of pests, namely:

• Peach aphid, Greenhouse aphids, Tobacco aphids. A dangerous pest of tobacco. A widespread species, it feeds on many cultivated and wild plants. Peach aphid inhabits all organs of the tobacco plant and sucks the juice out of them, which leads to a decrease in the yield and quality of raw materials.
• Blackleg... It is manifested by lodging and mass death of seedlings. The base of the stems becomes thinner and decays. A brown or white bloom appears on the affected surface. The pathogen remains in the soil.
• Powdery mildew. It is observed shortly after planting seedlings in the ground. Separate spots with a cobweb-powdery bloom appear on the lower leaves; then the plaque becomes solid and covers the upper leaves. The mushroom hibernates on plant debris. The disease reduces photosynthesis, leads to plant oppression. Reduces the yield and quality of raw materials.
• Black root rot more often it affects seedlings, but adult plants also get sick. On the affected seedlings, the leaves wilt, turn yellow and dry out, the roots turn brown or black and often die off. In adult plants, the leaves become attached, and black and white spots form at the ends of the roots.
• Common broomstick... Distributed throughout the south and southeast of Kazakhstan. The parasite settles on the roots of tobacco and develops at the expense of the host plant, forming a powerful branching stem of purple color. As a result of mass destruction of plants by broomrape, the yield of tobacco and the quality of raw materials are reduced. Broomrape propagates by seeds that remain in the soil for many years.
• Mosaic... The leaves of diseased plants have normal green patches that alternate with light green. Later, the tissue dies off in spots. The main source of plant infection is post-harvest residues of diseased plants, both in greenhouses and in the field.
• Bacterial hazelnut. Oily or weeping spots appear on the tips of the leaves of young seedlings or along the edges of the leaves. In wet weather, they rot, and the whole plant becomes infected from them. Round chlorotic spots appear on the leaves of grown plants, which merge, forming patches of dead tissue. The causative agent of the disease is stored in tobacco leaves, in tobacco dust, in inventory.

Tobacco drying and fermentation

Well, the most important part of getting smoking tobacco is drying and fermentation. Let's make a reservation right away: if you do not smoke, have no previous experience with tobacco, it will be quite difficult for you to determine the degree of readiness. You can either not dry it out, or rot. However, let me remind you that our grandfathers grew and dried makhorka without a higher education.

Drying

After collecting, the tobacco leaves are hung to dry in a ventilated room, while it is advisable to place containers with water there to increase humidity. The leaves dry out in about a month.

Then the dried leaves must be moistened with clean water from a spray bottle and folded into piles, covered with polyethylene, and kept for up to a day for uniform moistening. The leaves should feel soft, but not soggy. Then the leaves, either whole or cut, are concealed in sealed glass containers (jars) for fermentation.

Fermentation

Fermentation is a biochemical process that takes place at a constant temperature of 50 ° C for several weeks. Tobacco is fermented to reduce the strength, change the taste for the better, and reduce nicotine and tar. This can be done, for example, in electric ovens at a temperature of + 50ºC… + 60 ºC. Sometimes it is more convenient to dry cut leaves rather than whole leaves.

The resulting tobacco can be smoked in pipes, wrapped in cigarettes, fortunately, wrapping machines and tissue paper are now sold in many places. Finally, you can try making a cigar - it's easy and fun.

Of course, our material does not claim to be a detailed textbook, and many subtleties remained unaffected. And if you are serious about growing tobacco, you will need to study this issue more. But in order to get the first harvest - you already know enough.

We'd love to read your tips and secrets for growing, drying and fermenting tobacco.

And in conclusion, we remind you once again: smoking is addictive and harmful to your health. If you don't smoke, don't start. If you smoke, maybe it's time to quit? Nerd against smoking!

This is the question I get asked most often. I would like to make a small note on this matter.

All varieties of tobacco presented on our website seeds-tabaka.rf and the website of our friends were tested in the conditions of central Russia and showed excellent results ...

If this is your first experience of growing something, in my opinion, you should start with the simplest varieties ... Namely:

Any varieties of Virginia, Havana, American, Dubek, Turkish varieties.

And also grow well with beginners, Burley, Black Indian, Ternopil varieties.

It is worth choosing for yourself something from this list. I recommend taking at least 5-6 varieties in order to determine your preferences for the next year in the current season.

Smoking tobacco varieties description

American 26

Type of tobacco: skeletal aromatic, mid-season. Drought tolerant. American 26 is used for cigars and cigarettes. The plant has a cylindrical shape, its height is about 140-180 cm.The leaves are light green in color. Ripens in fifty-two days. Processing method: solar drying. The number of leaves is about 29.

Dubeck

Dubek belongs to a type of aromatic tobacco that is also called oriental. It is a small-leaved variety. The height of the bush is 1.7 m on average. The number of ripe leaves is 22-24 pieces.

The processing method is the same as for all orientals - solar drying.The plant is small-leaved and well baked, so you can dry it with a whole bush. The upper leaves mature in an average of 94-125 days.

Ternopil 14

"Ternopolskiy 14" is a mid-season air-dried variety. After planting, it quickly takes root, languishing lasts about two days. The shape of the bush is cylindrical, the size of the leaf is 45x25 cm. The color of the leaves is light green. The number of technical leaves is on average 25 pieces. A bush that grows 180-210 cm in height, it must be carried out three days before air drying.

Anniversary

The jubilee variety belongs to the skeletal type. Air drying is preferred. The bush, 1.65-1.8 m high, has an ellipsoidal shape with protruding leaves. The color of the leaves is dark green with a bluish tint. When the plant is ripe, it takes on a yellowish color. The number of leaves is twenty eight - thirty two pieces. Leaves located on the lower tier ripen in 60-80 days. Drying shade.

Refectory 92

"Trapezond 92" is of the skeletal type. The foliage, which has a light green color and has an oval shape, ripens quickly - up to an average fragility of 68 days, and about 97 days before final breaking. The bush, 1.6 m high, has the shape of a cylinder with raised leaves. The number of suitable leaves is thirty to thirty five pieces. Processing method: shadow drying.

Fragrant

The variety is fragrant. The shape of the plant is cylindrical, and the color of the leaves is pale green. The leaves are arranged horizontally on the stem. The time from planting to the readiness of seedlings in greenhouses is 1.5 months. The number of leaves is 24 pieces. Draining lasts 3 days, drying for two weeks.

Galitsky original

Galician original is an aromatic - skeletal type. The plant, 2.6 m high, has a cylindrical shape. Ripening period - 3 months, including the growing season.

The leaves are broadly oval and light green in color. The number of suitable leaves is twenty-seven pieces. Ripening of leaves in tiers is almost the same. Drying of leaves is shady.

Herzegovina flor

Herzegovina flor is a variety of large-leaved, sweet, oriental tobacco. The type is semi-aromatic. Plant height reaches 2 m. The leaves are large, oval in shape. The number of technically suitable leaves is 25-30 pieces.

Grown with seedlings. Landing - end of May. The harvest begins from mid-summer to mid-autumn.

During the drying process, the leaves should not come into contact with each other. Complete fermentation after 2 years.

Crimean ducat

Crimean ducat belongs to the varieties of Russian selection based on Turkish tobaccos. The leaves have a regular oval shape. Plant height - about 2 m. The number of technically suitable leaves is about thirty pieces.

They are planted in open ground by the end of May. Harvesting lasts from July to October. It should be dried in such a way that the leaves do not come into contact with each other. Drying: sunny and shady. Once every 30 days, the bush should be treated against rot and thrips.

Havana

Havana is a typical black Cuban tobacco. The height of the plant is about 1.6-1.8 m. The length of the leaf is about 0.5 m. The leaves are dense, fleshy and resinous, with a dark green color.

The growth period of seedlings is 1-2 months. Ripens within two months. After ripening, the leaf is dried in the sun for two days, and then in a dark room with high humidity. The number of leaves is 16.

Kentucky Barley

Aromatically - skeletal type. Kentucky Barley is a dark brown-colored, cigarette-tube tobacco. Has a strong aroma. The size of the sheet is 50x55x35 cm. The growth period of seedlings lasts 1-2 months. Processing method: fire and shadow drying. Ripening period 50 days.

Virginia Gold

Virginia Gold belongs to the medium-late, sweet variety. Processing method: heat or air drying. Plant height reaches 1.2 m. The number of leaves (technically suitable) - 25-30 pieces. The length of the leaf is about 60-65 cm. The stem is 4-5 cm in diameter.Flowers can range in hue from pale pink to hot pink. The seedling growth period lasts 1-2 months. The ripening period is on average 60 days. Drying solar.

Samsun

Samsun belongs to the early maturing varieties. Medium-leaved. Aromatic type. Processing method: aging, sun and shade drying. The plant, 1.5 m high, has a cylindrical shape.

Feature - petiole leaf. The leaf is pterygoid and resinous, with a dark green color. The leaf texture is thin and elastic, and the veins are small. Seedlings grow within 1-2 months. The number of leaves is 28-36 pieces. Ripening time 132 days.