What exclusive vegetables and fruits are grown in the Moscow region?

When choosing a gooseberry for the Moscow region, special attention is paid to the variety. The shrub is thermophilic and may not bear fruit under conditions of a short period of heat. In the article we will tell you about the best gooseberry varieties for the Moscow region, consider their rating for this region.

How to choose a gooseberry for the Moscow region

In contrast to the southern regions, in the Moscow region, in summer, there are sharp temperature changes with a prolonged cold snap, while gooseberries, on the contrary, prefer hot summers. As a result of unfavorable climatic conditions, the bush gets sick and its yield decreases. Since in the Moscow region there are long cold winters and cool summers, the varieties should have the following characteristics:

• frost resistance so that the bush does not die in winter;
• resistance to temperature extremes;
• disease resistance;
• drought resistance.

Early or mid-season varieties are suitable for the Moscow region.

Low-growing bushes are preferred, they are resistant to gusts of wind, which are typical for this region. When choosing a variety, the peculiarities of cultivation are taken into account, because the bush may not take root in the Moscow region due to unfavorable climatic conditions... There are many varieties that differ in color and flavor, fruit size and ripening period.

There are three groups of gooseberries:

1. European. Varieties of this group do not take root in unfavorable conditions and are not resistant to diseases. The benefits include large and tasty fruits.
2. American. The varieties are resistant to diseases, but do not differ in taste. The fruits are small.
3. Hybrid American-European. The varieties of this group are the best. The fruits are large with a rich taste, and the bush itself is resistant to diseases and brings good yields.

There are also varieties of gooseberries with and without thorns, which are specially bred for the regions of the Moscow region, Siberia and the Urals.For the Moscow region, varieties are chosen that adapt to weather conditions and have a developed root system. Bushes with straight shoots without side shoots are also suitable.Read also an article for other regions: → The best gooseberry varieties for central Russia.

What fertilizers are used for growing gooseberries?

There are gooseberry varieties with green, yellow, red and purple fruits.

Gooseberries are not picky about care and do not need regular fertilization, but you need to feed the bushes in order to get a good harvest. Gooseberries do not tolerate acidic soils. When grown on acidic soils a year before planting 1 sq. M. add 300 g of dolomite flour or 400 g of lime. Liming is a prerequisite for the survival of the seedling.

Fertilization differs in different regions of Russia. When grown in the North and in the middle lane, fertilizers are applied in the fall. Use humus. For 1 sq. M. make from 5 to 15 kg, depending on the type of soil. Mineral fertilizers are also applied, mainly phosphorus and potash. For 1 sq. M. you will need up to 5 g of the product.

With the right fertilization, up to 10 kg of berries are harvested from one bush.

In the North, the soil must be mulched. Use peat, humus or compost. The norm is 5 kg under a bush. As for the Moscow region, the soil is fertilized in early spring, as soon as the soil warms up. Use diluted mullein or compost. Nitrate and superphosphate are used as mineral fertilizers.

Tip # 1. When grown in fertile soils, gooseberries are not fertilized for three years after planting.

When grown in Sevres, the Urals and in the Moscow region, gooseberries need phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, as well as nitrogen. Urea and saltpeter will do. In the Moscow region, saltpeter is applied in the spring, and in the North - in the fall after the harvest.In the North and the Urals, in the fall, the soil is mulched with peat. For 1 sq. M. use up to three bags of peat, but in the Moscow region and the middle lane, varieties that are not resistant to cold need mulching.

They feed the bushes in the Moscow region in early spring, as soon as the snow melts, and in mid-May. Fertilizers are scattered around the bush within a radius of 1 m. Young bushes are additionally fed with slurry twice a summer. Read also the article: → "Treatment of gooseberries from pests and fertilization."

We offer in the table a comparative characteristic of gooseberry fertilizers:

	Superphosphate	Ammonium nitrate	Urea	Potassium sulfate	"Berry"
Fertilizer type	phosphoric	nitrogen	nitrogen	potash	organic
Application period	Spring	early spring and mid-May	the beginning of spring	spring and pre-flowering period	before flowering
Application rate	100 g at a distance of 0.5 m from the bush	60 g under a bush, with poor growth of a bush after harvesting, an additional 200 kg / ha is applied	45 g under a bush	50-80 g per bush	2 tbsp. l. on the bush

For acidic soils, supertomasin or thermophosphate is used instead of superphosphate. Do not use products containing chlorine.With a lack of nutrients, winter hardiness decreases and leaves fall early.

Early and mid-season varieties for the Moscow region

Early and mid-season varieties are suitable for the Moscow region, the main thing is that they are frost-resistant and easily tolerate climate change. Early varieties include:

• Belarusian sugar;
• Amber;
• Eaglet;
• Russian yellow;
• Spring;
• Grushenka.

Cooperator's fruits are tasty and large.

Mid-season varieties include:

• Ural emerald;
• Northern Captain;
• Belorussian;
• Sirius;
• Commander;
• Malachite;
• Anniversary;
• Krasnoslavyansky.

Tip # 2. Gooseberry bushes love space, so they are planted away from other crops.

Despite the fact that the fruits of the North Captain variety are not very tasty, they are stored for a long time and are suitable for making drinks. The varieties Kooperator and Leningradets are classified as medium late, but they differ in large berries, up to 8-10 g. Rodnik and Kolobok are the best varieties for the Moscow region.

Among all early and mid-season varieties, preference is given to varieties that differ in taste or large berry sizes. Large-fruited varieties include the Protector, Krasnoslavyansky, Russian yellow, Malachite, Kolobok and Leningradets. Fruits of the Medovyi, Pushkinskiy, Sadko, Beryl, Uralskiy emerald, Uralskiy pink varieties have good taste. Read also the article: → "Rating of the best gooseberry varieties for the Moscow region and central Russia."

★ 10 best gooseberry varieties for the Moscow region

Gooseberry varieties Russian yellow

We offer a rating of popular varieties:

1. Spring. The bushes are medium-sized with thorns, the fruits are yellow. The variety is popular due to the excellent flavor characteristics of the berries.
2. Gingerbread man. Fruits are red, oval, ripen at the end of July. Berries weigh up to 6 g. Bushes are compact, not spreading.
3. Sirius. Fruits are round, small, growing in clusters. The berries are suitable for canning or fresh consumption.
4. Grushenka. The variety is named so because of the shape of the berries. Fruits are medium in size, pear-shaped, collected in several pieces. The berries are sweet, dark in color, without seeds.The bushes are compact, not spreading.
5. Uralsky. The bushes are vigorous (up to 1.5 m in height), so they are grown on supports. The fruits are large, they are used for conservation and freezing.
6. Northern captain. The fruits are more often used for making wine, because the berries do not have a rich taste.
7. Belarusian sugar. Bushes are undersized with thorns. The berries are green, large, weighing up to 9 g. The fruits are used for making jams, compotes and consumed fresh. The variety is early maturing.
8. Malachite. The bushes are vigorous, spreading, therefore they are grown on supports. Green berries weighing up to 6 g.
9. Krasnoslavyansky. Cherry-colored fruits from 4 to 6 g. Bushes are medium-sized prickly.
10. Russian yellow. Fruits weighing up to 6 g, oval, yellow. The bushes are medium-sized, not spreading. The spikes are at the bottom. In the early years it needs formation.
11. Suitable for the Moscow region and all American-European varieties. You can add Commander, Senator and Jubilee to the list.

We offer an assessment of varieties according to the main characteristics in the table:

Varieties	Frost resistance	Disease resistance	Yield	The sweetness of the berries	The presence of thorns
Sirius	steady	average	average	sweet and sour	No
Grushenka	steady	steady	average	sweet	few
Ural	steady	steady	high	sweet with sourness	No
Northern captain	steady	steady	high	sour	No
Belarusian sugar	steady	steady	high	sweet	there is
Malachite	steady	steady	average	average	No
Gingerbread man	steady	steady	high (up to 12 kg)	average	there is
Krasnoslavyansky	steady	medium, not resistant to powdery mildew	medium (up to 6 kg)	sweet	there is
Russian yellow	steady	steady	high	average	there is
Spring	steady	steady	high	sweet	few

Shipless grades for Moscow region

Berries of the Eaglet variety are black, they contain many useful substances

The studless varieties are safe and easy to care for. The bushes are fertile. All varieties are winter hardy and disease resistant. Among the studless, the following varieties are distinguished:

• Eaglet;
• Sirius;
• Northern Captain;
• Ural besshorny;
• Serenade;
• Pax;
• Gentle;
• African.

• Bushes of the Tender variety are distinguished by the thickening of the shoots. The berries are green, up to 7 kg of fruits are harvested from the bush.
• Serenade gooseberries, as well as Tender vigorous. The fruits are dark red.
• The fruits of the Pax and Serenade varieties are suitable for transportation.

What winter-hardy varieties to choose for the Moscow region

Senator fruits are poorly stored and cannot be transported due to their thin skin.

Almost all varieties of the group of American-European hybrids are frost-resistant. It is worth highlighting the following varieties:

• Beryl;
• Consul;
• Ural emerald;
• Krasnoslavyansky;
• Belorussian.

Beryl is a medium-sized plant. Up to 9 kg of harvest is harvested from one bush. In addition to resistance to fruit rot, the variety is resistant to frost down to -36 degrees. The berries are green and sweet.

The Ural emerald, like the Senator, survives frosts down to -37 degrees. Bushes of the Senator variety are medium-sized, practically without thorns. Burgundy berries up to 6 g. The Belarusian variety contains thorns, but the fruits are juicy and soft. These are bushes of medium ripening with frost resistance up to -39 degrees.

Answers to frequently asked questions

Question number 1. What varieties to choose for the Moscow region?

Preference is given to varieties from the group of hybrid American-European. Gingerbread man, Spring, Malachite, Russian yellow will do. The bushes are not afraid of frost.

Question number 2. What varieties are fruitful?

Fertile varieties include Kolobok, Chernomor, Fertile, Russian Yellow, Northern Captain and Nekrasovsky.

Question number 3. Do gooseberries need to be pruned?

Shoot pruning is one of the main conditions for growing gooseberries in the Moscow region. If this is not done, then due to poor air circulation and a lack of sunlight, the bush will get sick. In the fall, diseased and dry branches are removed, and in the spring, before the buds bloom, the main pruning is done, during which horizontal shoots are removed, vertical shoots are cut into 2-3 buds, and weak branches are shortened by 15-20 cm. See also the article: → "Formation and pruning gooseberry bushes ".

Question number 4. What varieties are frost-resistant?

The varieties that are not afraid of the cold include Beryl, Ural emerald, Krasnoslavyansky and Consul.

Question number 5. How to care for gooseberries in the Moscow region?

High yield rates can be achieved with proper care. Weakened plants do not tolerate temperature extremes, so regular pruning and spring feeding contribute to the growth and development of the bush. Gooseberry responds to the introduction of nitrate and superphosphate. It is worth noting that the studless varieties are easier to care for and safer to harvest. Popular varieties include African, Thornless Gooseberry, North Captain and Sirius.

Gardener mistakes for choosing gooseberries

We offer gardeners' mistakes when choosing a gooseberry variety:

1. For the Moscow region, it is advisable to choose green-fruited and red-fruited varieties. You should not experiment and plant exclusive decorative varieties, because they require careful care. The varieties are not resistant to unfavorable climatic conditions.
2. When choosing a variety, pay attention so that the bush does not form many shoots. In the Moscow region, you will have to constantly deal with pruning.
3. Preference is given to hybrid American-European varieties that are resistant to frost and disease. But if the bushes are not looked after and fed, then the plant weakens and its resistance decreases.

Rate the quality of the article. We want to be better for you:

The cultivation of vegetable crops in the Moscow region has become widespread. Local summer residents are happy to grow tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and many other vegetables. However, the harvest does not always meet their expectations, despite the fact that a lot of work has been invested in the process. The reason for this is trivial - not all varieties of vegetables produce large yields in a particular region. Therefore, I would like to devote our article to the topic of the best varieties of vegetables for the Moscow region. Let's start with tomatoes.

What varieties of tomatoes are suitable for growing in the Moscow region?

When choosing tomatoes that are ideal for the Moscow region, preference should be given to varieties bred specifically for growing in this region. In this case, your chances of getting big yields and tasty fruits are automatically increased. Buy planting material only in specialized stores that have an impeccable reputation. When buying, specify in what conditions you will grow tomatoes - in a greenhouse or outdoors.

Experts recommend opting for 2-3 varieties that will complement each other. In this case, you will get a more versatile harvest.

The following varieties of tomatoes are ideal for greenhouses:

• De Bravo... This is a variety of mid-season tomatoes. You can evaluate the taste of the fruit on 125-130 days from the moment the plants are planted. When planting, it is recommended to follow these rules: plant no more than three tomato bushes per 1 square meter. Plants are highly immune. Fruits can be red, black, pink and even yellow. The average weight of one fruit is 70-90 grams. With proper care and adherence to the rules for planting from one bush, you can collect about half a bucket of fruits.
• Nevsky... Fruits can be harvested after 90-100 days from the moment of disembarkation. Tomatoes are pink in color and medium in size. Experts recommend planting seedlings in April. Up to five bushes can be placed on 1 square place.

The following varieties are suitable for growing outdoors:

• Tamara... The plant has a strong branching, which indicates large yields. You can collect up to 50-55 fruits from one bush.This variety is resistant to weather changes and various diseases. You will receive the harvest before the onset of frost.
• Phytous... This is a mid-season tomato variety that is highly resistant to various diseases. You can receive fruits after one hundred days from the moment of transplanting. Experts recommend planting no more than three bushes of plants per square meter. Subsequently, up to 12 kg of harvest can be obtained from this site.
• Demidov... This tomato variety produces good yields. It is highly resistant to late blight and other diseases. The height of the bushes reaches a maximum of 60 centimeters. It is better to plant seedlings in April. This variety will yield a good harvest, provided you provide abundant weekly watering of the plants.

Cucumber varieties for the Moscow region

The cultivation of cucumbers is no less popular in the Moscow region. For planting, choose varieties that have a ripening period of at least 50 days. This is due to the fact that there is a short warm period in this region, so this time should be enough for the fruits to ripen and get a large harvest. Choose self-pollinated cucumber varieties and it is better if they are universal. The most highly demanded are the following varieties:

• Erofey,
• Masha,
• Ant,
• Competitor,
• Fontanelle.

All of them, subject to adherence to planting and proper care, are capable of producing a large harvest.
Choose vegetable varieties based on your preferences and expert recommendations. Then you will be sure that your efforts will not be in vain.

TOP 10 "The most common vegetables of the Moscow region"

Although it is still snowing outside the window, real summer residents are already preparing for the spring sowing season: they buy seeds and soil for seedlings, study theoretical material on growing vegetables.

What vegetables are the most popular for residents of the Moscow region?

The answer to this question will be given by the TOP 10 "The most common vegetables of the Moscow region."

1. Potatoes

A perennial plant of the Solanaceae family. Fruits - tubers with a high starch content, homeland - South America.

2. Bulb onions

Perennial herb of the onion family. Onions are not only an indispensable ingredient in our cuisine, but also an indispensable tool in folk medicine.

3. Carrots

Carrots are a very useful vegetable for the body, containing a large amount of vitamins; it contains carotene, a substance that is converted into vitamin A in the human body.

Since vitamin A promotes growth, carrots are especially beneficial for children. This vitamin is essential for normal vision, it keeps the skin and mucous membranes in good condition. Carrots, carrot dishes and especially carrot juice are used in medical nutrition for hypo- and avitaminosis, diseases of the liver, cardiovascular system, kidneys, stomach, anemia, polyarthritis, and mineral metabolism disorders.

Raw or boiled carrot puree is indicated for colitis.

4. Tomatoes (Tomatoes)

One- or two-year-old grass of the nightshade family.

It is cultivated for fruit production. Tomato fruits are used both independently and for salads, canned, serve as an excellent seasoning for meat dishes.

5. Cucumbers

An annual herb of the pumpkin family.

The homeland of cucumber is India and China. The cucumber fruit is 95-98% water. The remaining 3-5% includes carotene, vitamins PP, C and B, as well as macro- and microelements and potassium.

6. Cabbage

Biennial plant, agricultural crop of the cabbage family.

Cabbage is used for the preparation of many dishes, salads, and also fermented. First courses are also prepared with cabbage - skits, Ukrainian borsch, cabbage soup.

7. Sweet pepper

Herbaceous annual plant of the nightshade family.

There are many varieties of pepper. Homeland America, where pepper is still found in the wild. Pepper is stuffed, used in salads and for preservation.

Grown in the Moscow region only in greenhouses.

8. Beets

Perennial herb of the Amaranth family. In Ukraine, this vegetable is called beetroot or beetroot.

The homeland of beets is the Far East. Tubers are used for food or as raw materials for the production of other products.

Homemade vodka (moonshine) called beetroot is made from beets, which has a disgusting taste and a difficult hangover in the morning.

But beet borscht turns out wonderful, and in the form of juice (with carrots) beets are extremely useful for preventing constipation.

9. Eggplant

Herbaceous perennial plant of the nightshade family.

In Russia and Ukraine, eggplants are called blue. Homeland South Asia Middle East. Eggplants have been used in food and cultured for 1500 years.

In the Moscow region, eggplants are grown in greenhouses.

10. Pumpkin

The pumpkin grows beautifully in our open-air strip. Moreover, it keeps well.

Large orange, green or yellow fruits are used to prepare many dishes.

What summer resident did not want to feel like an experimenter and did not plant something new, unusual in the garden or at home?

Many of us have tried growing citrus fruits, coffee or loofah. And the eyes of gardeners certainly lit up at the sight of unusual fruits in supermarkets: who did not want to impress neighbors and acquaintances with vegetables with a strange shape and unusual taste! Which of these exotic plants is worth experimenting with and is it possible to grow exotic plants in the Moscow region, say Siberian scientists and participants.

Exotic in the garden

Scientists of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden have been studying plants exotic for Russia since the second half of the 90s. The attention of the specialists of the laboratory for the introduction of food plants was attracted not by fruits, but by the most promising vegetable crops: vigna, momordica, kiwano and benincasa.

Fotev Yuri Valentinovich (senior researcher Central Siberian Botanical Garden (CSBS SB RAS), Cand. s.-kh. Sci., specialist in the introduction and selection of new and vegetable crops, author and co-author of 45 varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation):

- The system included such selection criteria as genetic diversity, the duration of the growing season, the value of the biochemical composition, productivity, keeping quality, resistance to diseases and pests, the efficiency of reproduction (seed production), heat demand and others (including the simplicity and manufacturability of methods of processing products and compliance with the traditional taste preferences of the inhabitants of Russia).

Vigna, or asparagus beans - an amazing plant with fruits 50-60 cm long. This is a kind of our beans, however, the quality and yield of exotic is much higher. Vigna has a high taste, contains a large amount of vitamins, pectins, protein. By the way, that's why cowpea is also called "vegetable meat". Fruits can be frozen, fried, stewed, canned. In our country conditions, the easiest way is to grow new varieties of cowpea - Yunnan and Siberian sizes.

Benincasa - another vegetable with a valuable biochemical composition. The plant helps with ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract, allergies, diabetes, nervous diseases, helminths. Benincasa is characterized by a fairly short growing season, ease of cultivation, and high stable yield. The Akulina variety, bred in Siberia, is distinguished by its outstanding keeping quality of fruits - up to 3 years! Quite large fruits - with grainy pulp without pumpkin aroma, thin rind on top is covered with a thick layer of natural wax. The vegetable is used fresh, stewed, fried, canned, and candied fruits are made.

Kiwano - one of the most popular exotics among summer residents, resembling a cucumber. Hence another name - African cucumber, as well as jelly or horned melon. A new variety that can be grown in our summer cottages is the Green Dragon.This unpretentious plant from the pumpkin family is characterized by good keeping quality - up to 6 months indoors. The vegetable has a pleasant taste and contains a lot of potassium. Kiwano is also a beautiful, thick and thorny vine. She will decorate the fences of the site so that "not a single enemy will pass." Kiwano is consumed fresh and canned. The fruits look very impressive on the table and in jars.

Momordica - a unique plant with a rich chemical composition (contains momorharins, vitamins, pectins, alkaloids, insulin-like peptides). Scientists from the Central Siberian Botanical Garden brought out a new frost-resistant variety Gosha. The vegetable has proven its medicinal properties in diabetes and immunosuppression, hypertension, viral and oncological diseases. Momordica is easy to grow and has a short growing season. The fruits have a spicy and spicy taste - a real exotic! They are used fried and stewed, frozen, canned, and tea is brewed.

Success secrets

Many visitors to FORUMHOUSE who try to grow exotic and rare plants in the conditions of Moscow and the Moscow region face such problems: the fruits do not have time to ripen or have a bad taste, the plant may not bear fruit at all. And I want to grow exotic plants in the garden!
 

Fotev Yu.V .:

- To be successful in growing different crops, it is necessary to take into account their biological needs related to their origin as fully as possible. It is useful to know that chayote is a short-day, thermophilic plant that blooms no earlier than August-September when the length of the day is shortened, therefore it is not particularly productive in a temperate climate and central Russia.

Where to get seeds

Fotev Yu.V .:

- You can use seeds isolated from fruits from the supermarket, but the result will be completely unpredictable. The fruits of vegetable crops, tomatoes and sweet peppers are often of hybrid origin, therefore the sown seeds and plants from them will be heterogeneous, including in terms of the size of the yield, the size and quality of the fruits. It is better to buy seeds from trusted sellers, companies you trust, or originators of varieties.

How to grow these crops

- All of these crops are thermophilic and do not withstand frost. It is better to grow them in seedlings, sowing seeds on April 15-25 in a cup in a room or greenhouse and planting ready-made seedlings in the soil of a film or polycarbonate greenhouse on May 15-25. Vigna can be sown directly into the soil of the greenhouse on May 15 - 25. Kiwano can be grown outdoors, planting seedlings after the frost has passed. All crops are grown with a garter to a horizontal trellis located at a height of 1.8 - 2.0 m.

What other exotic fruits in the Middle Lane are grown by members of the forum.

Forum member Ni4ka notes that a very decorative berry is worth attention - jminda, or strawberry spinach. Planted in a permanent place, it begins to grow directly from under the snow, and blooms in early May. The berries produce a delicious effervescent kvass of a pleasant red color, with a velvety taste and a pleasant fruity smell.

Forum member Teana raised in the suburbs and lagenaria... It is also called a gourd or dish pumpkin. Young fruits are used for food: they are fried in oil, pancakes are baked, porridge is boiled, pickled, canned, caviar is made. A summer resident from one plant harvested more than 20 kg of exotic pumpkin fruits.

Tiny watermelon, aka melotria rough and African cucumber, a miniature plant whose fruits resemble cucumber in appearance and taste. Participants note that this crop is easy to grow in a balcony box, fence or pergola. The plant blooms and bears fruit from June until winter. Liana grows very actively, so it is planted if you need to quickly decorate any vertical plane in the garden. Dishes decorated with pickled melotria look original and cute.

Muscovite Donechka could not resist another miracle - dubious, she is a red cucumber. The forum member notes that in the middle lane, cucumbers ripen in September. The fruits of the plant - with soft juicy pulp and an unusual taste (for an amateur), well quench thirst. Cucumbers (in fact, this is another member of the pumpkin family) can be canned. The tubers of the plant are also eaten and used in medicine. Tladianta is used as a choleretic, diuretic and expectorant, astringent and antiscorbutic agent.
Fruits, grass, leaves and seeds are taken in the form of a tincture for headaches and hypertension, tea from yellow flowers is good for influenza.

Within the framework of one article, it is difficult to tell about all the exotic cultures that have interested summer residents. Find out more about whether exotic fruits can be grown in the Middle Lane from seeds, is it worth planting in the country sarahu, or vegetable blueberrieshow to grow a vegetable sweetener steviawhat is good oat root and what other unusual plants the members of the forum have tried in their garden, you can in the topic "Garden rarities".