How is bread grown for kindergarten children?

Anastasia Stoichanova
"Bread for all" project (preparatory group)

Introduction

Project name: "Bread is the head of everything"

Project type: information-practice-oriented: (children collect information and implement it, focusing on social interests)

By the number of participants: group

Participants: children of the preparatory group, teacher Stoichanova A.P., parents.

Terms of project implementation: short-term.

Project implementation timeline: one week

Relevance

Bread is the staple food of many peoples, bread is the source of life and a symbol of labor. Not a single meal is complete without bread. He always and everywhere enjoys honor and respect. The guest in Russia was always greeted with bread and salt. They even added proverbs: "Bread is on the table, and the table is a throne, and as there is not a piece of bread, so the table is a board." Many rituals are associated with bread. It was believed that bread, especially its first piece, or crumb embodied the share of man; it was believed that how a person relates to bread depends on his health and luck. Bread is a symbol of prosperity and prosperity. Since children encounter bread every day, they lose the value of this product. This is manifested in a disrespectful attitude towards bread. The children of the preparatory group and I decided to trace the entire path of bread: from a grain to our table. This project allows, in the context of the educational process, to expand the knowledge of children about the benefits of bread, about its value, about the hard work of people who grow bread.

The goal of the project: to form in children a complete understanding of the process of growing bread, the professions of people who grow wheat, then process it, receive flour and then receive bread. To foster a careful and respectful attitude to bread, to the work of people, thanks to whom bread appeared on our table.

Project objectives:

Clarify the knowledge of children about who makes bread, where and from what grain crops flour is obtained;

Enrich the active vocabulary of children with specific terms and names;

To consolidate the word formation of related words from the word "bread", the use of relative adjectives;

Develop coherent communication skills: monologue and dialogical speech;

Develop the ability to make elementary inferences and conclusions;

Continue to acquaint with the paintings of famous artists;

To acquaint with the works of different authors on bread;

Develop skills and habits of working with plastic material;

To acquaint with the old Russian customs associated with bread;

To involve parents in the educational process at the preschool educational institution. Baking baked goods at home with parents

Decorate a cookbook with children's recipes for making bakery products.

Prediction of the process of activity of pupils and expected results:

Drawing "Spikes";

Application "To the mill";

Salted dough modeling;

Construction from the "Mill" constructor;

Memorizing proverbs, sayings, verses about bread;

Theatricalization of the Russian folk tale "Kolosok". composing stories about the preparation of their own bakery products;

Tea drinking with parents.

Main part

Stage 1. Organizational and preparatory (September)

Stage 2. Implementation. Project implementation (October)

Stage 3. Generalizing (October)

Stage I

Project development and project implementation

Questions for children on the project "Bread is the head of everything":

Why can a person do without much, but not without bread?

How do people grow bread?

Why do people have great respect for bread?

How do the sun, water and heat help the seed turn into a strong spikelet?

Questions for children.

What do we know? Bread is made from flour. (Kolya)

Flour is extracted from grain. (Peter.)

You can buy bread. (Artem)

Bread is white, black. (Milan)

Grandma bakes bread. (Kira)

What do we want to know? When did the bread appear? (Lera)

How was bread grown before? (Masha)

How is bread grown now? (Kirill)

What machines help grow and make bread? (Roma)

What professions grow and make bread? (Denis.)

How do I get the dough? (Miroslav)

What else can you make with flour? (Vova)

Why they say: Bread is the head of everything (Lisa)

What can be made from stale bread? (Maxim)

Could you live without bread?

What proverbs, poems, songs do you know about bread?

How do we find the answer? Go on an excursion (Vasilisa)

Ask mom (Masha)

Ask Anastasia Pavlovna (Veronica)

Make an experience for obtaining flour (Olya)

Watch the Internet, (Nastya)

Stage II

Implementation of the project

Educational activities:

Cognitive development,

speech development.

(Team work)

Conversation with children "Where did bread come from?"

• Examination of the picture "Sowing", "Growth"

• Talking with children Purpose: To give children an idea of ​​sowing bread. To acquaint with the tools that were used in the old days and are used now for this

work - seeder. To consolidate the knowledge of children about the conditions necessary for the growth and development of plants (ear of grain)

-What does the farmer do?

- What is needed for the spikelets to grow strong and strong?

• Examination of illustrations, pictures, photos depicting agricultural machinery.

• Place for viewing the herbarium of cereals, a set of containers with various flours, cereals obtained from cereals

• Didactic games: "Guess by the description", "What comes first - what next?" "Name the cereal"

• A series of demonstration manuals "Cereals" "Bakery products", "Special transport"

• Illustrations depicting field work, people of different professions who grow bread

• Reading fiction about bread.

• D / and "Guess the riddle of bread"

Purpose: To develop the ability to listen attentively to the content of the riddle, to highlight the signs and actions characteristic of the hidden object, to compare them, to choose objects and phenomena that correspond to all the points of the description.

Independent activity

• Creation of conditions for viewing the album by selecting reproductions of paintings by I. Shishkin "Rye", G. Myasoedov "Harvest" I. Mashkov "Moscow food. Bread ”, M. Klodt“ On arable land ”, A. Venetsianov“ On arable land. Spring "Repin I." Plowman. L. N. Tolstoy on arable land "

• examination of spikelets, grains, examination and testing of different types of bread.

• D / and for the development of fine motor skills "Cinderella", D / and "Count the grains"

Working with parents:

• Learning riddles, collecting pictures, proverbs, verses about bread. • Read with parents A. Bukalov "How machines save bread."

Invite parents to go with their children to the bakery section of a grocery store, consider the abundance of baked goods, pay attention to the smell of fresh bread.

Artistic and aesthetic development.

Team work

• Application "To the mill"

• Modeling from salted dough "What can be made from flour?" Of bread"

Independent activities of children:

Create conditions for cutting along the contour of agricultural machines, bakery products; independent drawing of cereals, various bread products, work in the coloring "Bread", "Cereals"

Working with parents:

• Selection of illustrations about bread

Social and personal development

Team work:

Conversation about the culture of behavior at the table, respect for bread.

• Compilation of stories "How our ancestors grew bread", "How bread got on the table", "Where did bread come from?"

• Game "Good - bad", to instill the rules of handling bread.

• Didactic games: "Guess by the description", "What comes first - what next?" "Name the cereal"

Independent activity:

• Role-playing games:

"Shop-bakery"

"Family"

"Bakers"

"Cooking"

Working with parents:

Tea drinking with parents (with baked goods).

• Issue of the newspaper "Bread is our wealth".

• Theatricalization of the Russian folk tale "Kolosok".

Physical development

Team work

Sports leisure "Bread, the head of all life", finger games, physical minutes.

• Outdoor game "Loaf"

Purpose: to form the ability to independently organize outdoor games with peers, to combine movements, showing creative abilities.

"The dough is rising"

exercise for the cheeks and lips: 1) you need to draw in the cheeks; 2) you need to inflate your cheeks, and then inflate them one by one.

Independent activity

Relay game "Who is most likely to take the grain to the elevator"

Purpose: to foster friendly relationships between children, to develop gross motor skills of the hand.

• Old game "Pie"

Purpose: To foster friendly relationships between children, respect for peers when dragging into their team, to teach them to observe the rules of safe behavior.

• Ball game "Question-answer"

Purpose: to develop the ability to select the same root words with the word "bread" for answers.

Working with parents

Selection and design of homemade baking recipes.

Stage III

Summarizing

Conclusion

As a result of working on the project, the children learned:

The value of the bread concept;

We gained knowledge about how bread is grown, brought to the consciousness of children that bread is the result of the great work of many people;

Aroused interest in the professions of a baker, combine operator and the work of people involved in the production of bread;

The vocabulary of children was enriched with specific terms and names;

She brought up a respect for bread;

Involved parents in the educational process in kindergarten.

Applications

A piece about bread

1Blaginina E. "Song of a spikelet"

2. Datskevich V. "From grain to loaf"

3. Emelyanova E. "Tell the children about bread"

4. Mikhalevskaya: "Great reader for preschoolers"

5. Collection "Time for business, time for fun" Nekrasov N., verse "Wheat ears"

6. "Cat - golden forehead" - Belarusian folk tale

7. "Light bread" - a Belarusian fairy tale

8. "Kolobok" - Russian folk tale

9. "Khleborob" - Ukrainian folk tale

10. "Spikelet" - Ukrainian folk tale

11. Legend about how bread appeared or a fairy tale about a magic seed

12. Prishvin M. "Lisichkin bread"

13. Paustovsky K. "Warm bread"

14. Yakovlev Yu. "Bread Flower"

15. G. H. Andersen "The Girl Who Stepped on the Bread"

Finger gymnastics

"Bread".

Grew up at first in the wild in the field, Children slightly shake their hands,

In summer, it bloomed and sprouted, raised up.

And then they thrashed, They bang their fists against each other.

He suddenly turned into a grain. Perform the exercise "Fingers greet"

From grain to flour and dough, clench and unclench fists.

He took his place in the store. Stretch your arms forward, palms up.

He grew up under a blue sky, Raise your hands up.

And he came to our table - with bread. Stretch my arms forward, palms up.

"Rain"

- Rain, rain, water

Tap the other palm with your index finger

- There will be a loaf of bread,

form a circle in front of you with your hands

- There will be rolls, there will be dryers,

slap alternately with one palm of the other

- There will be delicious cheesecakes.

connect the thumb and forefinger together, forming a large circle

"Bread"

The flour was kneaded into the dough, (Squeeze and unclench the fists)

And from the dough we blinded: (Clap with their palms, "sculpt")

Pies and buns, (Alternately unbend the fingers of both hands, starting with the little finger)

Butter cheesecakes,

Buns and rolls -

We will bake everything in the oven. (Both palms are turned up)

Very tasty! (Stroke the belly)

"Pie"

Snow was falling on the threshold.

(2 times slowly lower their palms

on the table.)

The cat made a pie for himself.

In the meantime, he sculpted and baked,

(Press palm to palm

"Sculpt" a pie.)

The pie flowed like a stream.

("Run" with their fingers on the table).

Pies for yourself

Not from snow - from flour.

(Press palm to palm

"Sculpt" a pie.)

"Bread products"

Bagel

(Thumb and forefinger

form a circle.)

Bagel,

(Thumb and middle fingers

form a circle.)

Baton

(Thumb and ring fingers

form a circle)

And a loaf

(The big and little fingers form a circle.)

Dough baker

I baked it early.

(Imitation of bread sculpting.)

"Guests"

The guests came running to Zhenya,

(Fingers run across the table.)

All shook hands with each other.

(Handshake.)

- Hello, Zhora!

- Hello, Jeanne!

- Glad, Seryozha!

-Rad, Snezhana!

(The fingers take turns greeting the thumbs of both hands.)

- Would you like a pie?

(Fold the pie out of your palms.)

- Maybe a biscuit?

(Show open palms.)

- Or, horn?

(Fold the fingers in the form of a horn.)

Here are the pills in your palm,

(Tap the palm of one hand with the fingertips of the other hand)

Take a little of everything.

(With two fingers - thumb and forefinger, thumb and middle, etc. - take the pills carefully)

Everybody shook the crumbs off the pens

(Shake hands vigorously).

And they clapped their hands.

"Excellent Wheat"

(Swedish song)

We bake wheat

The pies are great.

("Bake pies")

Who will come to try

Wheat pies?

(spread their arms to the sides, shrug their shoulders)

Mom, dad, brother, sister,

Shaggy dog ​​from the yard.

(alternately bend fingers on both hands at the same time)

And others, everyone who can,

Let them come with them too.

(make inviting movements with their hands)

We kneaded the dough

("Knead the dough")

We haven't forgotten the sugar

("Sprinkle with sugar")

Wheat pies

("Bake pies")

We put it in the stove.

(turn hands, palms up)

The stove burns merrily

(alternately hitting fist on fist and palm on palm)

Our mom says:

(shaking with index finger)

- The crumbs that will remain

The sparrow will get it.

("Sprinkled with crumbs")

"Kneading the dough"

(with the fingers of both hands imitate movements according to the text)

- We kneaded the dough, we kneaded the dough,

We were asked to mix everything thoroughly,

But no matter how much we knead and how much, we don't,

We get the lumps again and again.

Signs about bread:

It was not allowed that one person eats bread after another - you will take away his happiness and strength. You can't eat behind another person's back - also eat his strength.

Give the dogs bread from the table while eating - poverty will befall.

When the month was young and aging, it was impossible to start sowing: "Good to sow with a full month!" Although the bread sown on the new moon grows and ripens quickly, the ear will not be rich in grain. And vice versa: "full moon bread" grows quietly and is short in stems, but is abundant in full grain.

If the sun has set, “don’t fix a new carpet,” otherwise the bread will not be good, and the whole economy may decline. Well, if you really need to cut off the bread, then they did not eat the hump, but after cutting off as much as needed, they put the hump to the rug.

The greatest sin in Russia was considered to drop at least one crumb of bread, and even greater - to trample this crumb with your feet.

People who break bread become lifelong friends.

Taking bread and salt on a towel, the bread should be kissed.

Proverbs and sayings about bread

In the oral work of the Russian people, the mention of bread is often found.This is not surprising, for a long time it was eaten, the fate of people until the next harvest depended on how rich the harvest was.

-Save bread for food, and money for trouble.

- We sow, we plow, we wave our hands, we stupid about the boundaries, and we will buy bread all year round.

-The one is happy who has bread with a soul, dresses with a carcass, money in need.

-The naked sometimes has a feast in the mountains, but it is bitter after a feast to go around the world for bread

-And a man is rich, but without bread - not a peasant.

-The beggar has bread on his mind, the miser and the crust counts.

-Everything for himself produces bread.

- Unwind bread is not hunger, and a dress shirt is not nudity.

-Bread is father, water is mother.

-Bread is bread brother.

- A lean lunch when there is no bread.

-Not a piece of bread, and in the upper room is melancholy.

-Bread and water - peasant food.

-Khlebushko is a kalach grandfather.

-No bread - a crust in honor.

- No matter how much you think, you can't think of better bread and salt.

-Man lives by bread, not by trade.

-As long as there is bread and water, it doesn't matter.

- Without bread, without salt, a thin conversation.

-The chamber is white, but without bread there is trouble in it.

- I don't give a damn about lunch if there is no bread.

-Bread is a gift of God, father, breadwinner.

-Bread and salt, and dinner went.

- No one dines without bread, without salt.

-It's not in time for lunch, if there is no bread.

- Stale bread - honest lunch.

-It would be bread, but teeth will be found.

-The snow was white, but the dog was running on it, the earth was black, and the bread would give birth.

- There would be a head on your shoulders, but there will be bread.

Riddles about bread.

Easy and quick to guess:

Soft, lush and fragrant

He is black, he is white,

And sometimes it is burnt. (Bread)

Lumpy, spongy,

And ruinous, and hunchbacked, and firm,

And soft, and round, and brittle,

And black and white, and everyone is cute. (Bread)

Everyone needs it, but not everyone will (Bread)

They beat me with sticks, they shake me with stones,

They keep me in a cave of fire

They cut me with knives.

Why are they ruining me so?

For loving. (Bread)

He is round and oily,

Moderately steep, salted, -

Smells like sunshine

It smells like a sultry field. (Bread)

Crumple and roll

They temper in the oven

Then at the table

Cut with a knife. (Bread)

There he is -

Warm, golden.

To every house

For every table -

He came - he came. In him -

Health, our strength,

In him -

Wonderful warmth.

How many hands

He was raised

Protected, protected! (Bread)

The ring is not simple

Gold ring,

Shiny, crunchy,

Everyone's a feast for the eyes ...

Well, delicious! (Bagel or donut.)

What is poured into the pan

Yes, they bend it four times? (Pancakes.)

They put him in the oven first,

And how will he get out of there,

Then they put it on a dish.

Well, now call the guys!

Everyone will eat a piece. (Pie.)

Don't peck me, my friend, a vociferous cockerel.

I will go to a warm earth, I will rise to the sun with an ear.

Then, like me, there will be a whole family in it. (Corn)

The house grew up in the field. The house is full of grain. The walls are gilded. The shutters are boarded up. The house is shaking on a pillar of gold (Grain)

Bread counting.

“Rain, rain, water - there will be a harvest of bread.

There will be rolls, there will be dryers, there will be delicious cheesecakes ”.

“A bag rolled from a high hump. This bag contains bread, salt, wheat.

Who do you want to share with? "

Pure words about bread.

Jock-jock-jock is a pie.

Shki-shki-shki - mom fries pies.

Shki-shki-shki - we love pies.

Jock-jock-jock - eat Zhenya a pie.

Ah-ach-ach - here is the roll.

Chi-chi-chi - baked in a roll oven.

Chi-chi-chi - we love rolls.

Chi-chi-chi - there will be rolls for the holiday.

Poems about bread.

The bread is baked.

A thin stream of hearty

A warm smell snakes in the corners.

I breathe in a pleasant, original world

With love and tears in half.

How simple is the understanding of the Universe,

When, waking up in the warmth in the morning,

Kissing under the sunbeam,

You will see homemade bread on the table.

***

In every grain of wheat

Summer and winter

The power of the sun is stored

And native land.

And grow under a bright sky,

Slim and tall

As if the homeland is immortal,

Spikelet of bread.

***

Wheat

Man will put grain in the ground,

It will rain - the grain is watered.

Steep Furrow and Soft Snow

The grain will be covered for the winter from everyone.

In the spring the sun will come out to the zenith

And a new spikelet will gild.

There are a lot of ears in a harvest year,

And a man will remove them from the field.

And the golden hands of the Bakers

Ruddy bread will be kneaded as soon as possible.

And the woman on the edge of the board

Cut the finished bread into pieces.

To everyone who cherished a spikelet of bread,

On the conscience will get a piece.

***

Grains of our days, shine

Gilded carved!

We say: “Take care.

Take care of your native bread ...

We did not dream of a miracle.

Live speech to us from the fields:

“Take care of the bread, you people!

Learn to take care of bread. "

***

Smells like bread

In empty fields, stubble

It dries up and turns gray.

The sun is only in the middle of the day

Shines, but does not warm.

Gray fog in the morning

Wanders through the swamps

Whether something is hiding there,

Toli is looking for something.

After dark nights

The sky fades….

And in the village of ovens

Pulls with fresh bread….

Rye bread smells like home,

Mom's buffet

By the breeze of the native land,

Sunshine and summer.

The knife is sharpened on a block.

-Dad, give me a piece!

(Translated by I. Tokmakova)

***

Raised and threshed again

Again it flows into the bins.

Daughter's work-worn palm

Heals the falling grain.

We raved about them in a short dream.

And here it is, our work, in plain sight.

Forgotten everything that is not eaten

And what is not spared during the hardship.

***

Nebushko is glad to the sun, a sunflower pole.

I am glad to have a tablecloth on the bread: it is like the sun on it.

***

You can't get rye bread, loaves, rolls on a walk.

People cherish bread in the fields, they spare no effort for bread.

***

Cornflowers, like drops, splashed, as if the sky had spilled.

A cloud came up from afar, soaked the forest through and through.

The sun draws stripes in the sky, the birds started a song

Ripen, ear to ear, sweet bread of my land!

***

Here it is fragrant bread,

W it is warm, golden.

To every house, to every table,

he came, he came.

It is our health, strength, wonderful warmth in it.

How many hands raised, guarded, protected him.

It contains the land of the dear juices,

The sun's light is cheerful in it ...

Tuck into both cheeks, grow into a hero!

***

Evil winds bent the ear, and it rained on the ear,

But they could not break him over the summer.

That's what I am! - he boasted - he coped with the wind, with the water!

Before that, he became proud, grew up with a beard.

***

So the summer has flown by, pulling cold from the river.

The rye has ripened, turned yellow, tilted the spikelets.

Two harvesters are walking in the field. Back and forth, from edge to edge.

They reap - thresh, reap - thresh, harvest.

In the morning, the rye stood like a wall. By nightfall, the rye was gone.

Only the sun has set, the grain has emptied.

***

It's spring day, it's time to plow. We went out into the field of the tractor.

My father and brother are leading them, hunchbacks are being led up the hills.

I'm in a hurry to chase them, I ask for a ride.

And my father answers me: - The tractor plows, does not roll!

Wait, you grow up, you yourself will lead the same!

USED ​​BOOKS

1. Averyanova AP Visual activity in kindergarten. - M. 2001

2. Arushanova A. G. Speech and speech communication of children: A book for kindergarten teachers. - M. 1999

3. Komarova TS, Zaryanova O. Yu., Ivanova LI, Karzina GI, Milova OM The fine arts of children in kindergarten and school. - M. 2000

4. Knyazeva O. L., Makhaneva M. D. Introduction of children to the origins of Russian folk culture. - SPb. , 1997.

5. Think of a word: speech games and exercises for preschoolers (O.S. Ushakova, A. G. Arushanova, E. M. Strunina et al. - M., 1996.

6. The program of education and training in kindergarten. (Edited by M.A.Vasilyeva, V.V.Gerbova, T.S.Komarova - 2nd ed., Revised and supplemented - M. 2005.

7. 365 developmental games (compiled by E. A. Belyakov - M. 1999.

8. Correction of speech and movement with musical accompaniment. O.S. Boromykova (Publishing House "Childhood-Press"

9. V. V. Konovalenko, S. V. Konovalenko Development of a coherent speech. Frontal speech therapy classes on the theme "Autumn" for children with OHP.

10. Visual-didactic aid "Tell the children about bread."

11. Visual-didactic aid “Where does that come from. Bread".

12. Visual-didactic manual "How our ancestors grew bread."

Summary of the lesson in the preparatory group on the formation of a holistic picture of the world, topic: "Bread is our wealth"

The authors of the lesson: Pintesku I.S. - educator of the 2nd qualification category, Nezhdanova Z.A. - senior educator of the highest qualification category, Pikunova NN - musical director of the highest qualification category, municipal preschool educational institution "Combined Kindergarten No. 30", Sergiev Posad.

Chapter:

Formation of a holistic picture of the world.

Software content:

To foster in children a careful attitude and respect for bread and the people who raised it;
Expand knowledge among children about the meaning of bread in human life;
To acquaint children with the process of growing bread;
Give an idea of ​​how the bread came to our table; pay attention to the content of people's labor, to their coherence and mutual assistance in work, to the mechanization of labor;
Consolidate children's knowledge that bread is one of the most important food products in Russia.

Preliminary work:

Conversation about harvesting bread;
Examining illustrations;
Memorizing proverbs, conversation, reading literary works on the topic; Examination of ears of rye and wheat;
Making baked goods from salted dough.

Course of the lesson:

Educator:

Guys, guests have come to us today, say hello. Today I invite you on a journey. But what we will talk about during our journey, you try to guess:

Riddle about bread

Easy and quick to guess:
Soft, lush and fragrant
He is black, he is white,
And sometimes it is burnt.
(Bread)

Children:

Bread.

Educator:

Yes, that's right, we'll talk about him. Bread, bread, bread. With a ruddy crust, fragrant, aromatic, hot, soft. He is the most important on every table. But what else it can be, you will tell me.

Didactic game "And what is it, bread?"

Selection of definitions for a noun. (Children stand in a circle and pass a ball in a circle and name definitions, for example, brown bread, fresh, fragrant, appetizing, soft, stale, white, hot, vitamin, airy, aromatic).

Educator:

Bread is different, but it is necessarily healthy and tasty. Bread contains vitamin B, which strengthens the nervous system, memory, and improves digestion. Guys, who knows where the bread came from?

Children:

They buy it in the store.

Educator:

Do you want me to tell you how he got to the store? But first, tell me who knows what bread is made of?

Children:

They are baked from flour.

Educator:

And what is flour, what is it made of?

Children:

From grains.

Educator:

Right. Wheat flour is obtained from wheat grains, and rye flour is obtained from rye grains. To get flour from grains, you need to spend a lot of labor and effort: first grow rye and wheat, then harvest. This is what the grain growers are doing. Do you guys want to know what this job is?

Children:

Yes, we want.

Educator:

Strong machines help people grow and harvest bread. In the spring, as soon as the ground thaws and dries up, a tractor leaves the field. Who leads him ...

Children:

Tractor driver.

Educator:

The tractor pulls an iron plow, which plows the ground deeply. And so the earth became soft, docile and loose. Now you can start sowing! Seeders are attached to the tractor and wheat grains are placed in the soil in even, neat rows. Now the wheat has sprung up. All summer the grains ripen in ears. The field at this time is very beautiful. Let us, as swami, become the seeds that we sowed in the field.

Physical education "A grain got into the ground"

A grain hit the ground, (squat)
It began to sprout in the sun (hands above your head)
The rain watered the ground,
And the sprout grew (rise slowly)
Stretched towards the light and warmth
And he turned around handsome. (2 times)

Educator:

Well, the grains are ripe. The harvest begins. (Children repeat the word in chorus and individually). And other machines come out onto the field - harvesters. Who is working on the combine?

Children:

Combiner.

Educator:

What does the harvester do?

Children:

Gathers ears.

Educator:

Harvester - cuts ears and threshes grains from them, these grains are poured into trucks through a special long sleeve, which continuously drive up at the signal of the combine operator. And at regular intervals, large yellow heaps of threshed straw come off the straw accumulator of the combine.

Further, the machines carry the grain to the elevators (Children repeat the word in chorus and individually) - special facilities for storing grain.
Where do you think the grain is transported from the elevators?

Children:

To the mill.

Educator:

That's right, and there the grain is ground into flour. Guys, where does the flour go then?

Children:

To the bakery, bakery.

Educator:

Right. There are huge vats of sourdough at the bakery. Flour, salt, sugar, water, yeast are added to the sourdough vat, and special machines use mechanical "hands" to knead the dough for bread. Let us turn into bakers and knead the dough for a loaf, stand in a circle.

Physical education "Karavai"

(Clench your hands into fists and take turns making them movements from top to bottom, as if kneading dough).

I mix, mix the dough,
There is a place in the oven
I bake, I bake a loaf, ("we shift the dough" from hand to hand)
Roll over, roll over. (2 times)

And now the dough is mixed and it's time to put it in the mold and put it in the oven. When the bread is baked, it is loaded onto cars and taken to stores.
What else is baked from flour besides bread?

Children:

Buns, cookies, cakes, pies, crackers.

Educator:

And how are all these products called in one word?

Children:

Bakery products.

Educator:

What good fellows you are. You see, guys, how much work it takes to get bread. The Russian people are always very careful about bread. Bread is the head of everything. Just three words, but as the proverb says exactly about the importance of bread. Guys, what other proverbs do you know about bread?

Children:

(Children name proverbs and sayings and explain their meaning).

Proverbs and sayings about bread

"Without bread, there is no lunch." "Bread is father, water is mother." "If there is bread, there will be a song." "A lot of light - a lot of bread." "You should take as much bread as you eat." "Bread must always be finished." "Bread must not be thrown on the floor." "Not a big piece of the pie, but a lot of work."

Educator:

Children, please tell me what kind of work do grain growers in the fields to grow a good grain harvest?

Children:

They plow, harrow, sow, fertilize, reap.

Educator:

What machines help farmers?

Children:

Tractors, combines, trucks.

Educator:

How should you relate to bread?

Children:

Carefully, eat it all to the end, the bread should not be thrown away.

Educator:

Well, our journey has come to an end, and now you know how long our bread went to get to the store. Bread is the main wealth of our country and must be protected.

Download the summary of the lesson in the preparatory group on the formation of a holistic picture of the world, topic: "Bread is our wealth"

For children about bread: materials for classes with children, educational videos, stories, developmental tasks.

In our life, we very often do not notice the little things! And our children are not at all like that - they see a bird that has sat down on a bush, and a flying leaf. They ask endless "Why?" and rejoice in every puddle.

Bread is a very familiar phenomenon for us, and often we do not even imagine that it might not be on our table! But in such "uninteresting" bread, you can see many opportunities for the development of a child! If you know how to look at familiar things with a different look - a child's surprised and admiring "why" look.

Let's introduce our kids to bread, talk about how people grew it before and how they grow it now, what smart machines people have invented to help themselves. Let's acquaint with the professions of people who grow bread for us.

In this article, you will find materials for a home themed bread week, bread classes in kindergarten or in a daycare center:

• story in pictures "How bread is grown",
• two short educational videos for toddlers,
• exercises for the development of speech,
• fairy tales and stories, poems and riddles about bread.

Additional material to the article - riddles about cereals can be found in the article "Riddles"

The materials are designed not for one day of classes with children, but for studying the topic in small "pieces". For example, one day you can read and discuss the story "Bread". On another day - watch the educational video "How Wheat Grows" and play a fairy tale - a dramatization. The third is to play with the proverbs about bread, etc.

All babies are different, so the article gives different tasks so that you can pick them up by age, gender, interests of the child.

Part 1. Riddles about bread

I suggest starting your acquaintance with bread with a riddle. Hide a piece of bread under a napkin or in a bag and invite your child to guess what kind of surprise you have hidden and what you want to talk to him about. Read the riddle to him.

1.1. Bread riddle for children 4-5 years old and older

“Grew up at first in the wild in the field,
in the summer it bloomed and sprouted,
And when they thrashed,
he suddenly turned into a grain.
From grain to flour and dough.
He took his place in the store.
He grew up under a blue sky,
And he came to the table with us - with what? (bread) "

A child, starting from the age of 4, needs to be taught to prove his point of view, find arguments and answers to provoking questions, defend his opinion correctly and tactfully. And for this we will ask problem provoking questions.

• Ask the child how he guessed that this is bread?
• After his answer, say in surprise, as if consulting with the baby: “Maybe this is not bread at all, but vegetables? After all, they also grow on the ground, and then we buy them in the store? And they come to our table ”.
• If the child agrees that these are vegetables (after all, you are an authority for him :)), then read the riddle again with the baby, disassemble it - what are the signs of the riddle? Threshed, grain, flour, dough. Are vegetables threshed and made into flour and dough? No. So what is this? Bread!

1.2. Bread riddle for children 6-7 years old and older

Ask the child to guess what kind of surprise you have prepared for him, what kind of miracle it is. And read a poem - a riddle.

«Miracle. Lev Kvitko.
I kept a grain-crumb all winter,
I planted it in loose soil in the spring.
A miracle probably happened to him.
The seed became alive and large.
A grain-crumb lay in the ground,
Lied, warmed, swollen in the warmth.
At first it swelled, then sprouted.
A thin sprout sprouted in the garden.
Chubik curled this weak sprout,
He threw out the feathers of a delicate leaf.
Well, isn't it a miracle that the chubik is so
Made it through, broke through the earthen layer ?!
He drilled the ground, he climbed ahead,
He made his way to the sun and light with difficulty.
And over the earth - again miracles:
Something is growing by leaps and bounds.
There is no grain for a long time.
Can't you guess what it became? "

Ask the child to prove his opinion - why does he think that this is bread? From what lines from the riddle did he guess?

Part 2: How bread came to the table: a story for children in pictures and assignments

Ask your child: where does bread come from at home? That's right, from the store! And where does it come from in the store?

Listen kindly and attentively to any assumptions of the child - observing his speech will help you understand what your child knows, and what his ideas are inaccurate or erroneous, or none at all! And then invite your child to learn the secrets of how bread came to our table, what amazing machines help people get bread from grains.

2.1. How does wheat and rye grow? 

Bread is made from grains. But how do these spikelets with grains grow in the field? What is white bread made of? (from wheat). And what is black bread made of? (from rye).

Why are wheat and rye called "cereal" plants? (They give grain.) What other cereal plants are there? (Corn, oats).

Look at a spike of rye and wheat with a child in the picture and compare them.How are they similar? (These plants have a stem, tendrils, grains, they are grain) And how are they different? (Rye grains are long and wheat grains are round. A spike of wheat is thicker than a spike of rye)

Then watch a short educational video for toddlers on how wheat grows in the field.

Video for children "How does wheat grow?"

From this short entertaining and educational video for preschoolers Your child will learn:

• where does the wheat grow?
• how many grains of wheat need to be grown to bake one loaf of bread,
• what are the names of people who grow bread,
• how people harvest grain,
• how people used to grow bread.

After watching the video, be sure to talk with your kid about the movie, ask:

• what interested him most in the film,
• what he wants to share with dad, friends,
• what surprised him in this film,
• what new he learned.
• Ask clarifying questions about the content of the video.

In the evening or the next day, play with the children in growing bread - a performance based on a fairy tale will help you.

Lithuanian fairy tale. How the wolf decided to bake bread 

This tale is very good for staging and reinforcing the ideas of growing bread for babies. Have the child in the scene explain to the wolf how bread is grown.

First, read a fairy tale to your child, and then offer to play it.

Once I met a wolf in the forest of a man and asks:
- Give me bread!
The man gave. The wolf ate and licked his lips - the bread was delicious. The wolf says to the man:
- What should I do so that I always have my own bread? Teach me!
“Okay,” the man agreed and began to teach the wolf. - First you need to plow the land ...
- And when you plow, can you really eat?
- Not yet. We must sow rye.
- And when you sow, can you really eat?
- Not yet. We must wait until she grows up.
- And when he grows up, can you really eat?
- Not yet. We must remove it.
- And when you remove it, can you eat?
- Not yet. We need to grind it down.
- And when you grind, can you really eat?
- Not yet. We need to bake bread.
- And when you bake, can you eat?
- Can.
The wolf thought, thought and said:
“I’d better not bake bread if I wait so long.” As I have done without bread so far, so, apparently, I will manage.

Variant of the game - staging: You can play out the plot of this tale in a different way, repeating the same dialogue with different characters (as in the fairy tale "Kolobok"). Your baby goes on a trip to the forest and treats all the animals with a piece of bread. Animals love bread, and each animal wants to know how to grow it. The child tells each animal how such delicious bread is grown (lists the sequence of work). But all the animals refuse to raise it, having learned what a long and hard work it is. The child plays the role of a person who has come to the forest. And the adult - the role of all the animals in turn. After repeating the sequence of growing bread several times in the game, your baby will definitely not confuse anything. And he will be happy to play this game, because all children love to play!

From 5 years old you can introduce the child to agricultural machinery that helps people in their work; with how different professions of people are interconnected - combine operator, tractor driver, agronomist and others.

2.2. What kind of agricultural machines help people grow bread? 

Children about the tractor 

This stuff is especially interesting for boys!

Tell your child that there were no cars before and it was very difficult to grow bread. Now we have all the hard work done by machines. And a lot of them are needed in order to grow bread in the field and harvest. People have come up with amazing machines. Maybe when you grow up, you will also come up with something that will help all people.

Main machine - tractor. Why main? (Listen to the child's suggestions.)

The tractor is an amazing machine that carries the road for itself. You will learn how the tractor does this from the story (I give the text here based on the story of A. Ivich).

The tractor carries all the implements with which the land is cultivated. This is tractor.

What is the difference between a truck and a tractor - tractor? (Listen to the child's assumptions and give the correct answer). The truck carries the load on itself in the back, and the tractor pulls the load along.

But the tractor is not a simple tractor, but all-terrain vehicle. Why do you think a tractor can be called an "all-terrain vehicle"? That's right, because he “walks everywhere” - both on the road and on the plowed field.

How is it that a tractor can go everywhere, even where a normal car cannot? (Consider a tractor and a car with a child - pay attention to the wheels - let the child try to guess for himself how this is happening).

The tractor has small steel wheels instead of wheels rollers - four on each side. Steel belts are put on the rollers. They are made from individual links, like a chain. These tapes are called "Caterpillars"... Find the caterpillars in the picture.

The rear wheel is cogwheel. It clings to the links of the track and moves the belt. The rollers roll on the tape as if on rails or on a flat road.

It turns out that the tractor carries the road for itself. Caterpillars are his way! Therefore, he is not afraid of off-road!

The tractor works in the field from early spring to late autumn. Who is driving in the booth? (tractor driver). He drives the tractor.

The tractor does a lot of work. In the fall, a large plow. The plow lifts and turns the topsoil. This is how the tractor makes a soft bed for the seeds. So that the seeds hide in the ground from the wind and can take from the ground all the juices they need for growth.

Then the tractor land boronite... If winter crops are sown before winter, they are harrowed in autumn. If the crops are spring crops - they are sown in the spring - then they are harrowed in the spring. Attach to the tractor harrow... The harrow combes the ground with its tines like a comb.

And the work of the tractor did not end there. Now they attach not a harrow to it, but cultivator. The cultivator has no teeth, but it has…. Paws !!!! Yes, they are called “paws”. These paws loosen the soil and pluck the weeds. So that weeds do not interfere with wheat growth!

Now the tractor has done a great job! You can attach a seeder to it. The seeder pours seeds into the ground.

The seed turned out to be in the ground, it will sprout, it will break out as a green stalk. The summer will come to an end, the ears will ripen. The grains in the ears are ripe, hard - it's time to harvest the bread.

Then another car comes to the field - a real giant. They call her "Harvester".

Children about the harvester and combine harvesters. Fun educational video for toddlers

Previously, it was difficult for people to harvest - they cut spikelets with a sickle, then knitted them into sheaves, laid them on a cart, and drove them to thresh. And now all this work on the field is done by smart machines - giants "combines". Maybe you also have a food processor in your kitchen that helps your mom? And on the field, the harvester is different - not the same as kitchen... He removes the grain and therefore is called "Grain harvesting".

In a short, fun and educational video about the toddler food processor, your kids will learn:

• what is a combine harvester and who is a combine harvester?
• how does the harvester work and how does it work?
• what other machinery is working in the field and helping people to harvest grain?

Now the grain harvest has been obtained! They are taking him to elevator, where the grain is stored. Then the grain is taken to a flour mill, where it is made into flour. And the finished flour will be taken to the bakery. At the bakery, bread will be baked from flour. The bread will be brought to the store and we will buy it. This is how bread comes to our table.

Who is always in charge?
Tractor driver in care.
He cherishes the field,
he plows and sows.
Who is always in charge?
Who is always in charge?
Truck in care.
Carries fertilizers
So that the plants grow.
Who is always in charge?
Dozhdichek in care.
It will spill into the field,
The spikelet will get drunk.
Who is always in charge?
Combineer in care.
He removes the rye,
Doesn't know rest.
Who is always in charge?
Baker in care.
He is a skilled master,
He bakes delicious bread.
Who doesn't know worries?
Raine and Mine don't know?
We ate bread
And they cheered up:
"Thanks!" Heljo Mänd.

Part 3. We save bread

Ask the child why bread should be protected? Then read the story about bread.

M. Glinskaya "Bread"

Mom gave Grisha a large piece of bread and sent him out into the street.
Grisha ate bread. The bread was delicious and fragrant, with a shiny crust. Soon the boy was full, and there was still a lot of bread left. Then the guys called Grisha to play a ball. What to do with bread? Grisha thought and threw the bread on the ground.
Uncle Matvey passed by, stopped and asked: "Who threw the bread?"
-He, he! - the guys shouted and pointed to Grisha. Grisha said: “I am already full, but the bread remained. We have a lot of bread, it’s not a pity ”.
Uncle Matvey took the gold star from his chest and said:
“I have a Hero's Star for growing bread and receiving it. BUTyouyou trample bread in the mud. "
Grisha burst into tears: “I didn't know what to do with the bread. He ate his fill, but he stayed ... "
“All right,” Uncle Matvey agreed. “If you didn't know, that's a different story.” He picked up the bread and put it in his palm. “This is my job, your mother’s job, the whole village’s job. Bread must be loved and cherished. - I gave it to Grisha and left.
Grisha wiped away his tears and said to the guys: "I'll eat that bread now."
- You can't, - objected Sanya, - the bread is dirty, you can get sick.
- Where to put bread now?
At this time, a cart was passing along the road, and Lyska the foal was running after the cart.
- Let's give the bread to Lyska, - suggested Nyura. Grisha handed the foal some bread. Lyska grabbed a chunk, ate it in an instant, and did not leave. Reaches a muzzle to the guys: Come on again! Axl Oh, how delicious. "

Questions for talking with a child about the story "Bread":

• Why did Grisha throw bread on the ground? What would you do if you were Grisha?
• What did Uncle Matvey say to the boy? Why did Uncle Matvey not scold Grisha?
• Why should bread be protected? How can you save bread? (do not buy too much, you can make croutons or rusks from the leftover bread, the leftover bread can be given to birds or other animals.

Part 4. Proverbs and sayings about bread. Developing speech - reasoning

Ask a child (age 5 and older) to explain why they say that, why people came up with this proverb. This task develops the child's ability to prove his point of view, that is, speech is reasoning.

Children 6-7 years old and older can be given a more difficult task - "find 5 proofs that this proverb about bread is true." This speech exercise is best done in-game. My favorite game that my little students adore is the Bridge game.

• Draw a bridge over the river on a piece of paper. The bridge will be a path of 5 rectangles. Each rectangle is equal in size to the sides of the bricks from the building set.
• The task of a child or a group of children is to move to the other side of the river. And for this you need to pick up 5 proofs - answers to the question: "Why do they say so?"
• Give the child 5 building bricks. Every brick in the game will overlap with the rectangle of the bridge, so it must be exactly the same size as it.
• The child begins to glean evidence. You help him with leading questions, or vice versa, ask problem provoking questions. For example: “Is bread the head of everything? Water is the head of everything! A person cannot live without it. And you can live without bread! " Once the child has found proof of his point of view - the exact argument - we put a brick on the bridge. One step passed. And why do they say so? Find more evidence!

Useful Tips from my practical experience of running this proverbial game:

• Some children will need not only to draw a bridge, but to come up with a whole story about why we need to cross it and complete this task. For example, in a game we go to save someone or look for a magic letter or visit a friend or go to the field to watch the bread grow.
• You can build a bridge of 5 bricks according to 1 proverb. Or you can draw a long bridge of 15 bricks (and use 3 proverbs).The second option works well for a group of children.

Proverbs for playing with children on the theme "Bread":

- Bread is the head of everything! (What does "head" mean? - the main one. Why is the main bread for everything?).
- They danced that they were left without bread. (It is difficult for children to understand the figurative meaning of the word "danced", so it is better to use the direct meaning here - if you dance and do not work, you cannot grow bread).
- Bread is father, water is mother.
- Bread is a gift of God, father, breadwinner.
- Bread and salt, and dinner went.
- There will be bread - there will be a song.
- The rye is ripe - get down to business.
- A lot of snow - a lot of bread. +

More about bread you can find interesting materials for classes and games with children in the articles of the "World around us" section:

1. An interesting article in pictures “For children about professions. Confectioner". From it, your children will learn:

• who bakes the buns? What is the difference between the professions of a cook and a pastry chef?
• what are the buns and pies?
• how does the pastry shop work?

You will take a real video trip to the shop where buns are baked. And also you will receive a series of educational games with children in pictures!

2. Autumn traditions in Russia - harvesting bread, seeing off migratory birds and more. Autumn is a goldsmith.

All pictures of the article available for printing and other pictures for classes with children on the topic "Bread", as well as a step-by-step description of speech games on this topic, you can download for free here -.

You will find more materials to familiarize children with the professions in the article "Children about the profession of a firefighter: informative stories in pictures, games, educational tasks".

How do you introduce children to where the bread came from? Is it possible to educate modern children to respect bread and other results of human labor? What are your children interested in learning about the world around them? What suggestions do you have - what else will be interesting to read in the section of the site "The World Around Us". I suggest discussing it in the comments after the article. I will be glad to any suggestions!

Until we meet again at the "Native Path"!

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Course author - Valasina Asya, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, author of the site "Native Path"

The proposed project is designed for preschool age. To form an idea of ​​the value of bread in children. Together with the children, we decided to find out where the rolls really "grow", to trace the entire path of bread: from a grain to our table, to see a variety of bakery products. The main method is research work, during which children conduct research themselves, process the results with the help of an adult and present them in the form of drawings, photographs, presentations. During the implementation of the project, the participants learn to use different sources and methods of obtaining information. In the course of work on the project, communication skills are formed, the ability to work in a team.