How to grow tomatoes and cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter?

Fresh cucumbers in winter - a real delicacy and a powerful vitamin bomb.

Delicious fruits are rarely found in stores, so experienced gardeners decide to grow them on their own, in conditions of capital heated greenhouses.

There are many varieties bred specifically for winter fruiting, they can be cultivated in cold regions, obtaining stable yields. The technology of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter is successfully used in many regions of the country. It has been tried and tested with good results. From this article you can learn how to grow cucumbers in a greenhouse all year round.

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How to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter: practical recommendations

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These vegetables can be grown in various soils, but they grow especially well in humus-rich soil. Remember to replant cucumbers every 5 years. They cannot grow in one place, as they are prone to various diseases. The best option would be to grow cucumbers after crops such as corn, potatoes, peas, tomatoes.

This is basically all the equipment you need.

• High price. In the summer season, tomatoes cost about 40 rubles per kilogram, but in winter the price of this vegetable rises significantly. You will need to pay at least 150 rubles for fresh tomatoes in the supermarket. Thus, we can conclude that selling vegetables in winter is quite a profitable business;
• This is only a small part of the methods and technologies for growing tomatoes. The videos and photos of specialists that the worldwide network supplies us with indicate that there are thousands of such methods, and new and new ones appear every day. Cultivation of tomatoes in the ground, apparently, will soon fade into the background altogether, and hydroponics, or multi-tiered cultivation, will become more popular.
• Experts always suggest interesting ideas to us, but for this section they expressed a slightly different opinion. It does not seem like a recommendation, but, most likely, a warning:
• To obtain a good harvest of high quality fruits, plants need to receive the optimal amount of nutrients throughout the growing season.

... they try to maintain a distance of 40-50 cm between plants in a row.

If you plan to plant seedlings in a permanent place until January, then it is watered with warm water and kept at air temperature

How to prepare a greenhouse?

Ferrous sulfate - 5g.

Cleans from various impurities.

Tomato grown in a heated greenhouse

​1.​

• Taking proper care of your plants will ensure you have a good, generous harvest. Tomatoes should be watered no more than once or twice a week. It is also required to protect seedlings from pests, for this you need to use a variety of drugs that will cope with this problem.In addition, observe the conditions for growing a tomato: temperature, humidity, clarification.
• Great demand. Fresh vegetables are always in demand among the population. Therefore, you will not have any problems with the implementation. The main thing is to find a profitable sales channel for finished products;
• What is most interesting is that cherry tomatoes can be grown using similar methods. Of course, small changes will be needed in agricultural technology, care regimes, and so on, but, nevertheless, this is quite realistic.
• In no case should you plant tomato seedlings in unheated soil, this will not lead to anything good;
• Every two weeks, plants are fed with mineral fertilizers, since tomatoes can be grown in a greenhouse in winter only on well-fertilized soil with constant additional nutrition.Seedlings are planted vertically, while they are buried in the soil along the cotyledons. After all the plants have been planted, twine them, picking them up under+ 20 + 220С, and humidity 65-70%Important: if cucumbers were grown in the greenhouse, then compost should not be applied. Instead, it is better to add 1 bucket per 1 m2 of crushed sphagnum peat, or sawdust.Heating, lighting and water supply systems are checked and brought into working order.In order to grow tomatoes in the cold autumn-winter period, you need to make a lot of effort, since you will have to create special conditions for the plants.For such a business, it is not necessary to have large land plots, it is enough to rent 5-15 acres. It will be a small but very profitable business.

1. Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse greatly simplifies not only care, but also the way of harvesting. When tomatoes start to ripen, people are required to harvest and transport it. This type of vegetables is perishable, so you need to sell the products in a short time.
2. Little competition. If in the summer there are a lot of tomatoes on the market and buyers choose where it is cheaper, then in winter it is quite difficult to find high-quality vegetables. The problem is that manufacturers are too busy increasing the volume of supplied products, and few are thinking about taste. Because of this, you can often find tasteless vegetables on the shelves of supermarkets. If you pay proper attention to the taste characteristics, then the demand for your products will be high, even despite the competition.
3. Growing tomatoes - greenhouse, hydroponics, greenhouse
4. You should not deeply deepen the seedlings into the soil. On a warmer ground, this can be done, but in the middle lane, try to make holes for planting not very deep. So the seedlings will grow evenly, that is, they will take root and go up into the stem at the same time;
5. Before flowering, the concentration of mineral fertilizers dissolved in water should be no higher than 0.5-0.7%, and during the period of fruit setting and active fruiting -

3-4 sheets

• ​.​

A couple of days before planting seedlings in the greenhouse, you need to spill the soil abundantly to a depth of 10-20 cm, and then cover it with a transparent film.

Which varieties should you choose?

If any vegetable crops have already been grown in the greenhouse, then it is imperative to disinfect both the soil and all metal and wooden surfaces.

It will be necessary before the onset of cold weather:

• ​2.​
• Depending on the area of ​​your farm, hire workers to harvest the tomatoes. As a rule, payment is made daily and depends on the number of tomatoes harvested per day. Thus, each employee will receive a well-deserved salary.
• Before starting your own business in this area, you need to draw up a competent business plan for growing tomatoes for sale. It is very important to determine the profitability of the idea, the amount of investment and the payback period of the business.
• We recommend that you familiarize yourself in more detail with growing tomatoes in the open field before starting to plant seedlings in greenhouses.You can start with greenhouses and germinating seeds, then move on to growing tomatoes in a winter greenhouse, and so on. If everything goes well, and the desire to work on such processes does not quickly tire you, then soon you yourself will explain to your neighbors how to grow tomatoes in the garden, or even how to grow balcony miracle tomatoes.
• Be sure to check the weather forecast before planting seedlings. It is better not to rush to plant seedlings in cold soil or during the period when cold weather is outlined at night. Let her stand in the house a little longer;
• From 0.9 to 1%
• , Or under the first brush, tied to a wire stretched along the rows of tomatoes.

Seedling preparation

In the event that the seedlings will be planted in the greenhouse only in January, then here are the instructions on how to save it:

If the greenhouse is prepared, then it is necessary to decide on the varieties that are planned for growing tomatoes in the greenhouse in winter. (See How to Harvest a Good Harvest)

Dig the soil to a depth of at leastBuild a winter greenhouse;Fresh cucumbers from the greenhouse are in greater demand than other imported products, which, after delivery from other countries, turn out to be unripe or spoiled.

Related Videos

• Any type of activity is subject to mandatory registration. Therefore, before starting the industrial cultivation of vegetables, it is worth legalizing your activity.
• As you can see, the secrets of growing tomatoes are not so easy for anyone, and in order to get an enviable harvest of juicy and ripe fruits, you will need to work hard.

Do not immediately fill the planting holes for tomato seedlings with fresh manure, chicken droppings or urea. These fertilizers contain a large amount of nitrogen. That's right, nitrogen is necessary for plants, but not in such quantities, otherwise the seedlings may not grow into a fruiting bush, but into an ordinary, very beautiful and juicy tops, which will not give a special harvest;

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Landing scheme

Tomatoes tied in twineAfter 5 and 6 true leaves appear on the tomato plants, the temperature in the greenhouse is lowered to + 6 + 70C, and the humidity level is reduced to 60-65%.It should be remembered that not all hybrids and varieties of tomatoes are suitable for growing in winter greenhouses. From the huge number of varieties on the market, you need to choose those that are able to withstand a lack of lighting, are resistant to various infectious diseases, and also have good taste and give a bountiful harvest.

20 cm

Bring up heating, lighting and irrigation systems;

​3.​The main expenses are land rent and greenhouse arrangement. You can significantly reduce costs if you build a greenhouse with your own hands.Related Videos

Growing vegetables in greenhouse conditionsRemove excess leaves from seedlings, mainly cotyledons and those that are below planting level or at ground level. Remove yellow or diseased leaves from the bush, they are not needed at all on seedlings. Just try to carry out this process in the morning, so that the places where the leaves fall off have time to dry out before the evening.At the stage of flower formation, tomatoes are fed with the following mineral fertilizers dissolved in 10 liters of water:

Then the soil between the rows is loosened and leveled. As the tomatoes grow, the tops of the plants are twisted around the twine, not forgetting to remove the emerging stepchildren (see Tomatoes, why is this necessary?). The formation of tall (indeterminate) plants is carried out in one stem.

Two weeks before transplanting tomato seedlings into the greenhouse soil, watering is carried out with warm water, and the temperature in the greenhouse is also increased to + 20 + 230C.

Experts recommend such proven varieties that are resistant to most diseases as:

Introducing by

Think over the ventilation system;

Plant care

There is a growing interest among the population for healthier foods that are full of vitamins even in winter.

As for the profit, everything will depend on a well-established distribution channel. Therefore, even at the initial stage, it is worth thinking about the sale of products.

Choose a suitable material and legal form of activity: individual entrepreneur or LLC. If you own a land plot, then it is easier to register as an individual entrepreneur. But when there are plans to open a large vegetable farm, then you should register as a legal entity.

For a long time, people have been growing vegetables for sale in their gardens. Most often, this is done by grandmothers who have already retired. But why not do it on a larger scale and develop your business, which will bring in a lot of income? Many people have already done this. In winter, prices for fresh vegetables grow before our eyes, they can rise tenfold, and it is at this moment that a greenhouse can come in handy, in which there is an opportunity to grow cucumbers and tomatoes at any time of the year. Growing these vegetables in a greenhouse is certainly a profitable business, but you shouldn't stop there, greens are also popular in the cold season, people are happy to take them for a lot of money. It will take a long time to achieve a high yield and good profitability, since every year new businessmen enter the vegetable market. It is necessary to think carefully about each step, all your capabilities need to be evaluated realistically. It is worth starting growing vegetables and greens in a greenhouse only with an experienced person in this area, otherwise your business may go bankrupt at the beginning, without bringing in income. There are often cases when people leave and suffer losses.

Here's a small set of caveats we have from the pros today. With its help, planting and growing tomato seedlings in a greenhouse should be successful.

Superphosphate - 40g;

Formation of tomatoes into one or two stems

Advice: it is advisable to increase the temperature in the greenhouse gradually, so as not to cause a temperature shock in the seedlings, because of which it can stop its growth and development.

Vnukovsky;1-2 bucketsSelect varieties of tomatoes suitable for growing.

In order to germinate the seeds of such vegetables, a constant temperature of at least 22 ° C and no more than 25 ° C is required. If you have an unheated greenhouse, plant the seeds at home in early April and then replant them in the greenhouse in May. And now the most important thing, the cultivation of cucumbers in greenhouses for sale in winter happens if you have heating. In this case, sowing is carried out whenever you like.

• Fresh vegetables are always in price and are in great demand among the population. In winter, the price for tomatoes is much higher, the competition is lower, and the demand is quite high, so do not lose the opportunity to conclude lucrative contracts for the supply of products.
• If you are going to additionally deal with the storage of vegetables, then you need to obtain the appropriate permits from the sanitary-epidemiological and fire services.
• Choosing a place for a greenhouse

Indoor tomatoes

Potassium salt - 15g;

Determinant and semi-determinate varieties usually form in two stems, leaving a shoot located under the first inflorescence. About a month before the end of the growing season, the tops of all shoots are pinched off all plants, leaving 1-2 leaves above each inflorescence.

Methods for growing tomatoes in greenhouses and at home

Be sure to feed seedlings with complex mineral fertilizers.

"Moscow Autumn";

Greenhouses and hotbeds

Compost per m2. In addition to organic fertilizers,

Landing rules, or what should not be forgotten

There is a huge amount of video materials on the Internet that tell about various methods and technologies to make it real to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter.

• Next, prepare the soil with special organic fertilizers.To do this, prepare two parts of humus and peat, one part of sawdust, 3 tablespoons of wood ash and 1 tablespoon of nitrophosphate. Apply the resulting mixture to the soil and cover with foil for two weeks. Thus, the fertilizer will be well absorbed, and the cucumbers will be protected from diseases.
• You can sell tomatoes in bulk by supplying them to supermarkets, restaurants, sanatoriums. You can also open a point in the market selling homemade vegetables.
• In order to be engaged in vegetable growing you need to own or rent a land plot. To do this, choose a suitable place. A great option is the countryside or an area outside the city, closer to nature and clean air. In addition, there should be no similar farms nearby, you don't need any competition.
• Before choosing a place for your greenhouse, you need to strictly decide which vegetables will grow in it, the location depends on this. Growing greenery in a greenhouse is considered a profitable business. It grows quickly and is easily sold to stores during the cold season. But greens alone will not be enough for a start-up business, it is necessary to plant tomatoes and cucumbers, this is considered the minimum at the very beginning. From what material to make a greenhouse, which films or glass to choose, it's up to you. Glass is considered to be strong and well transmissive of sunlight, while film is a little inferior in this regard. The price of glass greenhouses can be several times higher than film greenhouses. It is worth noting that polycarbonate greenhouses are in the first place among vegetable producers, they do not require a foundation and are much more durable than glass and polyethylene ones. If you have already decided on the material, it's time to think about a place for a greenhouse. Think in advance about expanding your business, if this is present in your future plans, choose a place near the road, but outside the city and with good sunlight.
• Growing and caring for tomatoes in the cold season requires special conditions, which can only be achieved with a strong desire. It will be necessary to build a winter greenhouse, arrange its heating, light and water supply, learn about ventilation systems, and also consider other growing methods that really work:

Ammonium nitrate - 15g.

Tip: plants belonging to tall varieties of tomatoes are given the opportunity to grow up to 2 m and form 8-10 brushes, after which the apical growth point is necessarily pinched.

Planting tomatoes in a greenhouse (video)

Growing tomatoes in winter

Before you start planting, you need to select only healthy, without various defects and damage, seedlings, aged

• Carlson;1m2
• Let's take a closer look at what and how to do to get a tomato crop in a greenhouse in winter.For growing, take seeds that are 2-3 years old, because they will give the greatest yield. Calibration is carried out manually, while empty seeds are removed. After that, disinfection occurs. To do this, place the seeds in a thick cloth soaked in aloe for the whole day. Next, wash the seeds and put them in cheesecloth, and then in the refrigerator for hardening. Keep them there for a week.
• It can be concluded that growing tomatoes in a greenhouse as a business is a profitable business. The big advantage of this field of activity is the small investment and quick payback.To grow vegetables all year round, you need to equip a greenhouse. You can do this with your own hands or use professionals who will equip the greenhouse in accordance with all norms and standards.

Cucumbers and tomatoes: growing in a greenhouse

On the windowsill

The resulting working solution is consumed at the rate of 10 liters for each 1m2.

Tomatoes grown in a greenhouse develop optimally at an air temperature of + 22 + 250C, and a soil temperature of + 18 + 200C.

50-60 days

Cucumbers and tomatoes. Growing in a greenhouse for sale

"Swallow";

Apply the following mineral fertilizers:

Heated greenhouse for winter growing vegetables

Seedlings are grown in small pots. Each seed is placed 2 cm deep. Then covered with a damp cloth. Sow seeds for 15 days. This method will provide a harvest for the whole year. Moisten the seedlings once every couple of days. In the process, feed it with a 1: 6 mullein mixture.

I wish you success and prosperity to your business.

Related video Prepare the soil for growing tomatoes in the greenhouse, it must meet the standards, the soil must be loose and have the most neutral reaction. Make sure that the soil not only allows water to pass through, but also retains it a little. Add peat to the soil, it will make it lighter, and the yield will be higher. Fertilizing the soil is necessary in the spring. Plant in a greenhouse

... One of the interesting ways that people often use. Growing tomatoes on a windowsill is not even a way to harvest a large harvest, but, most likely, a tribute to fashion. Well, and, accordingly, fresh and nitrate-free fruits of a juicy tomato. To implement such a method, you will need to carefully study agricultural technology, stock up on growing tanks, substrate, seeds and seedlings, fertilizers, as well as the good advice of specialists;

During flowering and fruit setting, the fertilizer dose is increased by 1.5-2 times.

Water the plants as the soil dries up, with warm water, the temperature of which should be close to the temperature of the soil. As a rule, watering is carried out in the morning. Do not allow the soil to dry out excessively, since its price can be very high: growth arrest, disease, both the bushes themselves and the fruits, dropping flowers and ovaries.

Benefits of a tomato growing business

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• Sobeto;
• Potassium magnesium -50g;

We will not dwell on the fact that only glazed or polycarbonate greenhouses with an additional lighting and heating system are suitable for winter growing of tomatoes. (See Polycarbonate Greenhouses)

Business registration

After a month, transplant the seedlings into the beds, you can directly in the pots. Set a distance of at least 20 cm between the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse during the day should be 25 ° C warm, and at night + 15 ° C.

Voted. Rating:

Tomatoes are thermophilic plants, so you should take into account the air temperature suitable for growing them in a greenhouse. High air humidity is contraindicated, this will lead to the destruction of all seedlings. In the warm season, when the temperature reaches 20 degrees, the greenhouse does not need to be closed, but in winter, on the contrary, it is required to maintain a high temperature for the tomato crop to ripen properly.

You need ready-made seedlings - 50 days from germination. Tomatoes (growing in a greenhouse of this culture requires a reverent attitude) be sure to secure with wooden trellises, trellises or stakes. But for cucumbers, the correct choice of temperature is very important. In general, growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter is not much different from the warm season. The best heating option is electric heaters, but first you can stop at a stove-stove, it all depends on your capabilities and goals. The temperature regime is considered the most important in the cultivation of greenhouse cucumbers, the average value should not differ much from 25 degrees. Cucumbers and tomatoes, which require a lot of effort and time to grow in a greenhouse, will bring a good profit as a result.

Land lease

On the balcony

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

In winter growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, to enhance the photosynthesis of plants, the air in the greenhouse is enriched with carbon dioxide. For this, tanks filled with an aqueous solution of a mullein are installed in the greenhouse.

Throughout the growing season of tomatoes, the soil between the rows is periodically loosened, and fertile soil is poured under the plants.

Seedlings are planted in holes on a flat surface using a string and a marker stretched from the greenhouse.

Equipment

Revermoon;

Double superphosphate -50g;

Let's take a closer look at how to prepare a greenhouse with your own hands in the fall in order to grow tomatoes in winter.

So what are the distribution channels for such products? Take a 500m² greenhouse as an example. The output is about 35 tons of cucumbers. You will receive 3 tons of cucumbers every month. Of course, this is a huge amount of vegetables and here you need to use several sales channels, namely: a wholesale warehouse, large grocery stores, vegetable markets. You can also use the direct sale of vegetables from the place of production.

Tomato care rules

​4,50​

Workers

Growing tomatoes as a business is not too costly. At the initial stage, large investments are not required, so anyone can try their hand at this business.

In a previous publication, we told you about a lucrative cucumber and onion business. In this article, we will touch on the topic of growing tomatoes as a business. What are the pros and cons of this way of making money? How to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse and sell products profitably?

... It is also a good way to grow tomatoes at home, but here, in addition to everything mentioned in the previous paragraph, it will be necessary to more closely monitor the temperature regime. Also try to properly light your tomato seedlings. Growing tomatoes on the balcony will give a good result only if you do everything right;

Business expenses and profits

Categories: Tomatoes

From the time the fruits begin to ripen on the bushes, 2-3 leaves a week are removed over the first brush, starting with yellowed and then green ones. Thanks to such actions, the illumination of plants in the lower tier and air exchange are improved, in addition, the fruits are less susceptible to various viral and fungal diseases (see Diseases of tomatoes: their varieties and how to deal with them).

As a rule, when growing tomatoes in winter in a greenhouse, a two-line ribbon planting scheme is used. With this planting scheme, there are 3-4 plants per 1m2.

"Solveig".

Potassium chloride - 30 g;

So, first of all:

Naturally, these sales channels have their disadvantages and advantages, therefore, in order not to suffer losses in the future, it is necessary to establish and competently organize a sales network before starting to sell products. To do this, agree with representatives of retail outlets on the price, on the volume of parties and conclude an agreement with them. Thus, growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter will be a really profitable production for you and will bring you an excellent income.Of 5) Loading ...As for the equipment, first of all, you need to build a greenhouse, provide water, light and heating. The greenhouse must maintain a positive temperature in the cold season for full ripening of the tomato crop. In addition, tomatoes need constant watering, so you need to supply water and ensure proper lighting in the room where vegetables will be grown.

Fresh vegetables and fruits are very useful because they contain a lot of vitamins. People who monitor their health certainly include them in their daily diet. Therefore, growing vegetables in a greenhouse as a business can become a quite profitable way of earning money for rural residents throughout the year.

Hydroponics

Benefits of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse Growing a variety of crops on your own plot has always been the main issue of every summer resident. Someone is content only with berries and shrubs, but someone approaches the issue more thoroughly. Today we will talk about methods of growing tomatoes in greenhouses and greenhouses.Important: when removing leaves, remember that there should always be 15-16 healthy leaves on the plant. You can see how this is done in industrial greenhouses in the photo below.

A distance of 90-100 cm is maintained between the tapes. and between the rows in each tapeTomato seedlings ready for transplanting

Copper sulfate - 5g;If necessary, repair work is carried out and greenhouses are glazed.

Technology of growing cucumbers in greenhouses in winter

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The idea of ​​growing cucumbers in a greenhouse with their subsequent implementation, at first glance, seems easy to implement, but here, as in any business, there are some nuances. But before talking about this, it is worth mentioning why entrepreneurs are engaged in cucumbers for running a small business and what is needed to grow cucumbers in greenhouses in winter?

In addition, you will need containers for harvesting and storing crops.

Tomatoes are in great demand, this vegetable has a lot of advantages, these are taste, low calorie content, high content of useful vitamins.

... The method is interesting and not fully understood. Everyone knows that growing tomatoes in hydroponics is possible, you just need to correctly select the composition of the hydroponic system and prepare the right solutions. The most important thing is to provide the tomato root system with enough minerals, water and oxygen.

Product distribution channels

It's no secret that growing tomatoes in a greenhouse and a greenhouse is a sore point for any dacha worker. We build greenhouses, invest in projects, study and install structures, provide electricity and watering, in short, we put a lot of effort into this. And, quite often, we get a positive result, which, by the way, depends only on ourselves. Growing tomatoes indoors requires from us not only theoretical, but also practical knowledge. You can't read a few articles or clippings and immediately become a great vegetable grower. But there is always an opportunity to improve and make some effort in order to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse. Videos on the network, notes from breeders, advice from experienced summer residents, stories from grandparents - all this will help in our struggle for a good harvest.

Tomatoes with bottom leaves removed

50-60cm

In order to carry out the cultivation of tomatoes in the winter in a greenhouse, seedlings begin to grow in the fall: in the second half of September and until the beginning of November.

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It would seem that cucumbers are heat-loving plants that grow in summer, and in winter they can only be bought at a grocery store, since climatic conditions do not make it possible to enjoy their vegetables all year round. In fact, everyone can grow them in winter. It is enough to have a greenhouse. The technology of winter crop cultivation is practically no different from the summer one: plants need warmth and good lighting. This is a great business idea. There are some nuances here, but if you take them into account, then mistakes can be avoided.

Cucumbers in the greenhouse grow well even in winter.

Materials and tools

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter requires certain knowledge in the field of plant growing, hard work, and you will need a certain set of materials and tools necessary for work:

• seeds and means for their disinfection;
• paper cups;
• preparations for protection against diseases and pests;
• a greenhouse with a supplied heating system;
• lighting;
• ventilation system;
• fertilizers;
• wire;
• plastic wrap to cover the ground;
• shovel, hoe, rake;
• watering can or watering system;
• thermometer.

If you are planning to do business, then it is better to choose quality materials and tools.

Increasing the temperature in the greenhouse can be achieved by using biofuels, which are placed in the ground.

Accessories for growing cucumbers should be purchased of the highest quality

Nuances when growing cucumbers

The greenhouse is dominated by rather dry air, which is a major problem for growing vegetables and doing business. Due to the heating carried out, it is necessary to constantly monitor the humidity level, because the culture is hygrophilous. The problem can be resolved by using one of the following methods:

• spray water with a spray bottle;
• arrange containers with water throughout the greenhouse;
• Spread damp rags on the floor.

One of the chosen methods will have to be performed daily.

The temperature regime is no less important. There can be no sharp fluctuations. The temperature should be approximately at the same level. If you run your own business of growing this crop, then a heating system in a greenhouse is a must.

To grow a crop of cucumbers in the winter in a greenhouse, you will need to install additional lighting in the form of lamps. The longer the light period, the higher the quality of the fruit. First, the lamps are installed at a height of 50 cm from the seedlings, later, as the plants grow, they are raised higher.

In winter, natural light is not enough for cucumbers, you need to install additional lamps

Seed selection

Before starting a cucumber growing business, you need to select the seeds to plant. Not every variety is suitable for greenhouse climates. Do not take bee-pollinated species, because bees sleep in winter. If, nevertheless, it happened to take such varieties, then pollination will have to be done manually. Without pollination, there will be no harvest, and the ovaries will simply fall to the ground. To prevent this from happening, take a male flower and cut off the petals, then insert it into the female inflorescence.

Among the varieties suitable for winter planting are Manul, Pomegranate, Surprise 66 and Zarya. In greenhouses with low humidity, species such as Russian, Marfinsky, Domashny, Relay and Regatta are perfect. Self-pollinated hybrids, including Zozulya, Makhaon, Hercules, April, Kolibri, etc., would be a good option.

For planting in a greenhouse, you need to take self-pollinated cucumber seeds

Soil and seedling preparation

Any planting begins with soil preparation. Cucumbers prefer the presence of organic fertilizers in the soil. You can prepare them yourself, for this take 2 parts of humus and peat, 1 part of sawdust, 1 tbsp. nitrophoska and 3-4 tbsp. wood ash. For planting, you can take ready-made soil from the store, pour it onto the garden bed and level it. Put a number of mineral fertilizers on top of it, cover with foil and leave in this form for a couple of weeks. During this time, the land will be saturated with fertilizers, which has a positive effect on the growth of fruits and taste, and it is very important for a business to have a quality product.

For planting, seeds that have already lain for several years are suitable. Before planting, they must be sorted out and decontaminated. This will give additional protection to the plants. When doing business, it is very important to secure the planting as much as possible, otherwise collapse cannot be avoided. To prepare such a solution, you will need hot water and any product of your choice: nitrophoska, copper sulfate or boric acid. You can also disinfect them with aloe. The seeds are dipped in the sap of the plant and kept there for 10 hours, after which they are thoroughly washed.

Seeds need hardening for healthy growth. For the procedure, wrap the seeds in a damp cloth and leave them in the refrigerator for a week. Moisten the cloth from time to time.

The prepared seeds are planted one at a time in paper cups filled with fertilized soil. Planting depth is not more than 2 cm. Cover the cups with a damp cloth to prevent the soil from drying out. The temperature should be at 25 degrees. Occasionally, seedlings need to be fertilized.

Plants can now be planted in the greenhouse. But not all at once! The pipelined method is suitable here, i.e. seedlings are not planted all at once.Small batches of seedlings must be sent to the greenhouse within 10-15 days. Ripening in this case will occur gradually. This method is successful for business and the entrepreneur will be able to constantly receive income.

Seedlings of cucumbers are planted in several approaches

Plant care

If paper cups were used for planting seedlings, then we plant the plants directly in them, because during watering, they will begin to dissolve. In addition, there is no need to disturb the root system once again. Transplanting can be done a month after planting the seeds. The temperature in the greenhouse should be kept at 25 degrees. In order to save space, you can equip racks and fill them with soil.

Remember to ventilate the greenhouse and keep an eye on the temperature. Hang a thermometer inside and make sure that the temperature does not fall below the prescribed mark. The first feeding is carried out after the third leaf has appeared. The second procedure is carried out during the flowering period, and the third - when the fruits begin to pour.

Cucumber lashes grow quite long, so they need to be tied up. Pull the wire parallel to the beds and tie it with twine.

Thus, caring for cucumbers in winter is exactly the same as in summer. But in order to grow them in winter, considerable financial costs will be required, this applies to the construction of a greenhouse and the provision of the necessary communications. A well thought out and organized business will thrive. This way you can enjoy fresh fruits all year round.

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Tomato is the main crop of greenhouses. Hobby growers strive to harvest fresh vegetables all year round from their own greenhouses and greenhouses. Growing thermophilic South American plants requires skills and understanding of the physiology and requirements of the crop for growing conditions. To know how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter, getting a bountiful harvest, study the proposed recommendations and follow the advice of experienced gardeners.

How to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter

For the effective cultivation of tomatoes in winter, a number of preparatory measures are carried out:

1. Seed treatment.
2. Soil preparation.
3. Providing additional lighting.
4. Greenhouse disinfection.
5. Air heating and ground heating.

Tomatoes in a winter greenhouse

When growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, the choice of variety is of great importance. The peculiarities of agricultural technology and the volume of the harvest depend on it. For the autumn-winter culture, only winter varieties of tomatoes are suitable, which are resistant to a lack of light, self-pollinated and cold-resistant.

How to prepare a greenhouse

For winter cultivation of tomatoes, glass greenhouses or polycarbonate structures are suitable. If the greenhouse is not new, then the following activities are carried out:

• necessary repair work;
• removal of plant residues;
• revision of plumbing, lighting and heating systems;
• removal of the topsoil to reduce the risk of morbidity (10-15 cm);
• digging soil onto a shovel bayonet;
• disinfection of surfaces;
• soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate solution or 3% nitrafen solution;
• fertilization.

Soil preparation

After completing all the listed activities, they begin to work with tomatoes.

What varieties to choose for indoor

For growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter, only hybrid seeds are used. When choosing, comply with the requirements:

• indeterminacy of the variety;
• immunity to top rot;
• early maturation;
• fruit size and quality;
• disease resistance at the genetic level;
• plant power;
• frequent arrangement of inflorescences;
• yield.

Seed selection

Indeterminate tomato varieties are cultivated in greenhouses from autumn to spring. This species is characterized by an active constant growth of shoots and branching.The first branches are given by stepchildren of the second, third orders. Inflorescences are formed after 10-14 leaves, the subsequent ones go through 3-4 leaves. Tomatoes are regularly nailed and tied up.

Indeterminate growth type

In modern hybrids, even with a significant drop in soil moisture, fruit cracking does not occur. Of interest are hybrids with a short and thin inflorescence axis that does not break.

Fruit alignment is characteristic of new hybrids. They are all practically the same size in the brush and throughout the plant.

When choosing a variety, hybrids will be preferable: Divo F1, Evpator F1, President F1, Raisa F1, Anabel F1. High-growing and climbing varieties De Barao and Vnukovsky are popular among vegetable growers.

De Barao variety

Seed material is purchased in special stores. When checking the date on the package, it should be remembered that after two years from the date of collection, the germination of seeds is significantly reduced.

Hybrid F1 President

Technology for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

Is it possible to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter on my site, what is the cultivation technology? In temperate latitudes, cultivation in closed ground makes it possible to harvest an early harvest. In the south, greenhouses create a year-round fruiting cycle. The application of mandatory rules of agricultural technology and agrochemistry, as well as maintaining the proper lighting, watering and feeding regimes, bring a long-awaited harvest.

Preparing the soil for the beds

The soil mixture for growing tomatoes is made up of equal parts of turf and humus. Pour the mixture with a layer of 10-12 cm on preheated biofuel. The soil is periodically poured onto the roots, bringing the layer to 20 cm.If it is not possible to use biofuel, then the substrate is poured into 16-18 cm, and during the growing season it is brought to 25 cm.

The tomato culture feels great on a substrate of weathered, decomposed high-moor peat.

In home greenhouses made of polycarbonate, tomatoes are successfully grown on straw bales, using them as biofuel. With this method, the plants almost do not suffer from streak, brown spot and root rot. The crop is harvested 7-10 days earlier than on the soil substrate.

Bushes on straw bales

Any straw is used, but not treated with herbicides. For 1 m2, 10-12 kg of straw will go. The soil is disinfected with potassium permanganate or nitrafen. You can not disinfect at all if you put plastic wrap under the straw.

The bales are poured with boiling water, sprinkled with dry fertilizers and poured again from a watering can to achieve complete saturation with fertilizers. Then again scalded with boiling water.

The active life of microorganisms begins, which is accompanied by a rise in temperature to 45-50 degrees. After 7-8 days, cooling occurs, at a temperature of 35 degrees, a layer of soil 10 cm thick is applied.For 100 kg of straw, you will need:

• 1 kg of lime;
• 1.3 kg of urea;
• 1 kg of potassium nitrate;
• 1 kg of superphosphate;
• 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate.

Sowing seeds

During the growing season, the surface of the bales is mulched twice with chopped straw. When planting, seedlings are deepened into the body of the bale.

Growing seedlings with your own hands

In both spring and winter, productive tomato cultivation in a greenhouse begins with healthy planting material. Growing seedlings with your own hands is easier than it seems:

1. Sowing substrate is prepared from turf, peat or humus. If the sod land is clay, then sand is added. The soil mixture is sterilized with a solution of potassium permanganate. Soil steaming is practiced.
2. Seeds are sown in special boxes, followed by a pick, which is carried out in peat pots or tablets. Drainage is placed on the bottom of the container - expanded clay, perlite, crushed pine bark, and soil mixture is poured, without adding 1 cm to the edge. The soil is tamped.
3. On the surface, grooves are made with the edge of a ruler or with a stick and prepared (pickled and hardened) seeds are laid out to a depth of 0.5 cm with an interval of 3-4 cm between them.
4. Dust with soil mixture through a strainer, sprinkle with heated water and cover with glass.
5. Sprouted seeds germinate in 2-3 days. The glass is removed and the boxes are placed in a cool room with a daytime temperature of 14-16 degrees and 10-12 degrees at night.

Seedlings

This regime gives a powerful growth of the root system. Then the temperature is raised again to 18-20 degrees during the day, and at night the heat is kept at the level of 12-14 degrees. At this time, the illumination of the seedlings with fluorescent lamps is mandatory. In January-February the duration is 12-14 hours, in March 8-10.

Picking and feeding seedlings

When two true leaves appear, the plant is transferred to peat-humus pots, cubes or paper cups. During this period, the main thing is not to be late. In the phase of formation of the first true leaf, root tubercles are formed in large numbers - these are the embryos of future roots. If you delay the pick, then thin delicate roots will already appear from them, which will break with future transplantation and the tomato will weaken.

When transplanting, pinch off the main root by 1/3. This simple technique stimulates the formation of a branched, fibrous root system.

Pinching the root

For transplanting seedlings, take a mixture of the same composition as for sowing. Plants are sent to a pot, deepening it to the cotyledons, and compacting the soil. To the edge of the container, leave space for watering and the next filling of soil. After transplanting, the container with seedlings is removed deep into the room and the illumination is stopped for 3-4 days.

Then the cups are placed in a lighted place and the illumination lamps are turned on again. Water it moderately, 2-3 times every 7-8 days. To obtain strong seedlings, fertilize 3 times:

1. The first time 7 days after the pick on a clear day.
2. The second feeding is done after the formation of the third leaf.
3. The third after the fifth.

Planting in a pot

The composition of the mixture: 1 l of water, 1.5 g of ammonium sulfate. For winter greenhouses, seedlings aged 45-50 days are suitable.

Transfer to a garden bed in a greenhouse

One to two weeks before planting in permanent holes, grown seedlings are transferred to a pre-heated polycarbonate greenhouse. This is done to get used to the new place and microclimate. After that, young plants are planted in a prepared place.

7-10 days before planting, tomatoes are treated with a 5% solution of copper sulfate by spraying the leaves to prevent fungal diseases. Before planting, it is poured into the wells with a solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 10 l of water).

Following the technology of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter, seedlings are placed in a tape manner with an interval between rows of at least 70 cm and an interval between bushes of at least 60 cm. Rows are arranged in the direction from south to north. In this case, the tomatoes will be as illuminated as possible.

Tape method of planting tomatoes

The wells are watered abundantly, after adding sodium humate to the water (1 tablet per bucket of water). After feeding with a natural stimulant, strong bushes with good immunity will grow.

Young tomatoes, together with a peat-peat pot, are placed in the hole, deepening to the cotyledons, and crush the earth around the stem. The soil is mulched with humus. Tying is started in 3-4 days.

For the garter, a trellis is installed. At a height of 1.8 m, a strong wire is pulled along the landings, attaching it to the supports installed at the end of the rows. Take the cut twine. One end of the rope is tied under the first or second sheet with a soft, free loop, the second is fixed to the wire. During the growing season, the stem is wrapped around the twine. When twisting, make sure that the rope is not over-stretched, otherwise the plant may be pulled out of the substrate.

Garter

Secrets of caring for tomatoes

Having finished planting seedlings, you need to move on to the next stage - where to start further caring for tomatoes in order to achieve high yields. Since the soil is well moistened during planting, the next time you can water it only after 10 days. Also, all care activities begin no earlier than this period.

The main stages of cultivation

The main steps of caring for tomatoes are reduced to watering, feeding, maintaining the correct microclimate in the greenhouse, and combating pathogens and pests.

Watering begins after the seedlings have fully rooted. Excessive soil moisture causes decay of root hairs and death of the bush. In a winter greenhouse, watered every 8-10 days. If the earth dries out faster, then the temperature is lowered.

Watering rates increase with growth. If at the beginning of the growing season it takes 5-7 liters per 1 m2, then at the beginning of the flowering phase it is already 12 liters, in the phase of fruit setting and fruiting it is 15 liters per 1 m2.

Watering

Humidity for normal development

In greenhouses, due to the continuous transpiration of tomato leaves, increased humidity is observed, condensation accumulates. On days when the sun shines during the day, the temperature under the glass rises to 30 degrees and above. In such conditions, the tomato bush sheds flowers. Drops of condensation fall on the leaves, carrying viruses and fungal spores with them. To avoid an outbreak of disease, the greenhouse is ventilated. To do this, open the vents.

Tomatoes do not need strong drafts, but a light breeze will carry away excess moisture. In warm weather, the through vents are kept open all day. It is good to hang a hygrometer in the greenhouse and keep the air humidity at the level of 60-70%. This indicator also speaks of normal soil moisture.

Thermohygrometer

Ideal temperature range

The cornerstone in the technology of growing tomatoes in a polycarbonate winter greenhouse is the correct temperature regime. The main point is maintaining a balance of night and day thermometer readings. With a difference, for example, the daytime temperature of +30 degrees and the nighttime temperature of +10, the subtropical tomato will die.

The most comfortable mode for a tomato bush is a temperature of 22-25 degrees during the day. The highest score is +28. If the temperature still rises and lasts for a long time, then the plant loses leaves, flowers, buds and ovaries. The night temperature should remain 16-18 degrees. Do not allow it to drop to +15.

Secrets of flower pollination

Amateur vegetable growers do not understand how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter if there are no pollinating insects at this time. For this, parthenocarpic hybrids are used, which are pollinated independently. However, there are often difficulties with this.

Artificial pollination

Moist air makes pollen viscous, it ceases to be crumbly and pollination does not occur. In this case, instead of bees, people help the plants, doing important work with their own hands.

With a brush with natural bristles, touch the flowers on the second day after full disclosure. This should be done at a temperature of 23-24 degrees and a humidity of 70%. Pollen in such conditions is the most crumbly and easy to carry.

Top dressing for proper development

Tomatoes are a very demanding crop of nutrients. During the growing season, it is fed 3-4 times.

Nitrogen fertilizers are in demand during the growth of stems and leaves. At this time, fertilizing is carried out containing urea or ammonium nitrate. A good result is obtained from a complex mixture containing mineral and organic substances: 0.5 l mullein + 1 tbsp. l. nitrophosphate for 10 liters of water. You can take 250 g of bird droppings in a bucket of water and hold it for at least 24 hours. This mixture is added 2-3 liters per hole under the root.

For growing in winter, mineral fertilizers are needed for tomatoes no less than organic ones. It is easiest to use complex mixtures containing all the main trace elements: ammophoska and nitroammophoska.

In the absence of complex fertilizers, prepare the mixture yourself. Potassium magnesium or potassium sulfate, superphosphate and ammonium nitrate or urea are mixed. All ingredients are taken in equal amounts. Such feeding is carried out from the beginning of fruit setting.

Tomato is picky about the content of trace elements. With their lack, diseases arise, immunity decreases. Foliar dressing with a solution of microelements is useful once a month:

• manganese sulfate - 4 g;
• sulphate copper - 2 g;
• boric acid - 2 g;
• zinc sulfate - 2 g;
• water - 10 liters.

Top dressing

Bushes are processed in the evenings or in cloudy weather so as not to burn the leaves. Mineral dressings are applied dry at the root, but solutions are also practiced. If you use dry mixes, the absorption of nutrients is slower.

Pinching scheme

Grassing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions

Grasshopping is the removal of secondary shoots that appear in the leaf axils. Often only one lower first stepchild is left and a bush is formed from two stems. This is done to get early fruits, increase the duration of fruiting and increase yields. The work is carried out in the morning, when the stepsons are fragile, it is easy to break them off. The length of the regrown shoot should not exceed 3-5 cm.

For better ventilation and prevention of fungal and viral diseases, the lower leaves in contact with the soil are removed. For the prevention of late blight, the rows are irrigated once every 10 days from a spray bottle with a solution of "Fitosporin" according to the recommendations from the instructions.

Removing stepchildren

Greenhouse lighting and heating

There is not enough solar heat or biofuel alone to heat a winter greenhouse. The following methods are used:

1. Stove. A profitable option in terms of economy, but fire hazardous and traumatic.
2. Gas. Provides for the installation of gas-fired heaters. A special ventilation system is required.
3. Electric. The ease of such heating captivates many gardeners who plan to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in the winter, when there is a blizzard and frost outside.

All kinds of thermal heaters are in abundance on store shelves. The most inexpensive is infrared heating. In cold regions, soil heating is needed.

Tomato is a light-loving culture. He needs lighting for at least 10 hours a day. Growing tomatoes in a winter greenhouse is impossible without additional lighting.

Fluorescent lamps are considered a good option. They contain blue in their spectrum, which is important for plant development. Such lamps do not heat up and consume a little electricity.

A more rational option for lighting are sodium lamps, which contain blue and red radiation in the spectrum, which brings it closer to the solar spectrum. Such illuminators are produced specifically for greenhouses, supplying them with mirror reflectors, which significantly increases the efficiency of the device.

Idea for business

Productivity of winter tomatoes - is it possible to grow for sale

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter, summer residents often achieve more serious yields than in a vegetable garden. A favorable microclimate is created, the plant is in comfortable conditions without changes in temperature and humidity.

Harvesting in winter and early spring is a good business idea. At a time when the market lacks the necessary amount of vitamin products, it will be very timely to offer tomatoes grown on their own farm. Their prices are much higher than at the peak of tomato ripening in summer.

Dutch hybrids yield in our greenhouses on 6-8 clusters. This is about 600-700 g of fruit. A greenhouse average of 7 brushes per stem is a good result.

Video: growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter

Information on how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse in winter will be useful to those gardeners who want to get their own vitamin products for their families.But those who are going to start their own business of producing tomatoes for sale will find useful advice. Observing the recommendations, vegetable growers will achieve the planned harvest.

Video: Real experience of growing tomatoes in winter

Video: Indeterminate and determinant varieties

Video: How to lower the main stem in indeterminate varieties

Video: Five rules for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

Constant study of theory and practice is the key to successful growing tomatoes in cold winter in a home polycarbonate greenhouse. Do not fail to get upset if the result did not meet expectations, next year everything will work out.