How to properly grow vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse?

Features of greenhouses

For growing vegetables use 2 types of cover:

1. Summer greenhouses without heating system... Prolongs fruiting until autumn, suitable for growing different types of vegetables and seedlings. Ideal for temperate climates.
2. Insulated capital greenhouses with heating. Designed for growing any vegetables, including the most heat-loving ones. They give the opportunity to obtain several harvests per year.

Greenhouses for growing vegetables should be large enough and high. It can be buried 0.5 meters into the ground. Winter greenhouses are erected on a reinforced foundation made of cinder blocks or timber. Most comfortable structures have a welded metal frame zinc coated. Tempered glass or reinforced film is used as a covering material.

The most expensive greenhouses are covered with sheets of cellular polycarbonate. What are the features of growing vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse?

Greenhouses should have air vents and double doors to protect the plants from the cold outside air. Good lighting is a must, an automatic drip irrigation system is highly desirable.

Electric boilers, air heaters, wood-burning stoves and even bonfires are used to heat greenhouses. The choice of heating method depends on the climate, the time of use of the greenhouse and the financial capabilities of the owner.

Selection of vegetables

Indoors, you can grow any vegetable crops. Early vegetables are preferred with a short growing season. Planting such varieties makes it possible to get the earliest possible harvest. In year-round heated greenhouses, it is possible to grow late-ripening varieties with an interesting taste and good keeping quality.

Planting in the ground gives the best results, but some crops can also be placed on racks. Hydroponic technologies are not recommended, they reduce costs, but greatly impair the palatability of the fruit.

Most often in greenhouses planting plants that need special conditions: high humidity, stable high temperature without sudden average daily changes, protection from pests and adverse weather conditions.

Among the most popular greenhouse crops:

• Tomatoes. There are many varieties cultivated specifically for indoor use. They love nutritious light soil, moderate watering and a constant supply of fresh air without excess moisture. Phosphate and potash fertilizers will help to increase yields; it is not recommended to abuse nitrogen. They react well to organics.
• Cucumbers. A very thermophilic culture that does not like sharp temperature changes. Vegetables need abundant watering, bright lighting and high humidity. Require abundant organic feeding, preferably mullein or diluted bird droppings. With conveyor planting, seedlings are able to bear fruit all year round.
• Sweet and hot peppers... Peppers love nutritious, light and loose soil, do not tolerate stagnant water. They prefer alternating mineral and organic fertilizing. Sweet and bitter peppers should not be planted next to each other, possibly over-pollination and a change in the taste of the fruit.
• Zucchini, zucchini, squash... Very undemanding crops. For indoor use, varieties are needed that do not form long lashes. They like light neutral or slightly alkaline soil, moderate humidity and not too high temperature.
• Eggplant. They prefer moderately dry air and moist nutrient soil. They react well to nitrogen-containing fertilizers and ash. For high yields, it is recommended to add a weak mullein solution with each watering.
• Lettuce and head lettuce. Differs in rapid growth, perfectly coexists with any vegetable crops. Loves loose nutritious soil, bright light and abundant watering.
• Radish. A fast maturing crop requiring high moisture and nutritious light soil. Loves bright light, but puts up with partial shade.
• Early white cabbage, broccoli... They are undemanding to the composition of the soil, they can easily tolerate a slight drop in temperatures. Requires bright lighting and abundant watering, as well as constant ventilation of the greenhouse. Such early vegetables in the greenhouse can be cut 1.5 months after transplanting.
• Cauliflower. Very demanding on the conditions of detention. Prefers high humidity and moderate temperature; in the heat, the development of the heads slows down. Loose soil and abundant feeding with alternating mineral and organic fertilizers are required.
• Greens and spicy herbs (cilantro, basil, etc.). Fast growing crops suitable for compacting plantings. They love loose nutrient soil and abundant watering. The earliest species (watercress, mustard leaves) can be cut a few days after sowing.

Root crops are much less often grown in greenhouses: beets, carrots, turnips, rutabagas. These crops do not need shelter, and an excellent harvest can be achieved in the open field.

Tables - approximate data on the yield of vegetables in the greenhouse:

Seedlings for winter cultivation

Some crops are sown directly into the greenhouse, but more often already grown seedlings are planted in it.

Seeds can be sown in containers or small peat pots. The choice of method depends on the type of vegetables.

For example, eggplant seedlings cannot be sown in peat pots, weak plant roots cannot penetrate into the ground. Cucumbers and peppers do not like to be dug up; it is better to sow them in separate cassettes or transplant them using the transshipment method.

To get healthy and strong seedlings, the seeds must be sorted and soaked in a growth promoter. After that their washed and placed in damp gauze for pecking. When planting, it is important to monitor the degree of deepening, usually it does not exceed 1-2 cm.

Boxes or containers with pots are covered with glass and exposed to bright light. The optimum temperature for germination depends on the crops. For example, eggplants and tomatoes need moderate heat, while cucumbers and peppers you need a temperature of at least 25 ° C.

The seedlings are fertilized after the formation of 3 true leaves. It is best to use diluted organics or superphosphate.

When the seedlings grow up, a pick will be required.

Pinch tomatoes and peppersstimulating the laying of the kidneys.

Soil and fertilizer selection

The soil in the greenhouse should be very nutritious and loose. Most vegetables prefer slightly alkaline or neutral soil. The ideal composition is a mixture of old garden soil, peat or humus and river sand. When planting seedlings in each hole you can put some hydrogel, it is especially useful for moisture-loving crops: cucumbers, peppers and cabbage.

The choice of fertilizer depends on the type of vegetables. For example, tomatoes are very fond of phosphorus, but react negatively to the abundance of nitrogen required by eggplants. Cucumbers prefer a variety of organics, from mullein to diluted chicken droppings.

Superphosphate, potash complexes and ash are considered universal fertilizers. They can be added to the soil before planting vegetables in the greenhouse.

When growing vegetables in polycarbonate greenhouses, after the beginning of flowering feeding is recommended once every 2 weeks... Fertilization must be combined with watering.

Subtleties of care

How to grow vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse? The main concern the greenhouse owner - ensuring the correct moisture level and maintaining optimal temperatures... Cucumbers and peppers are considered especially heat-loving, but tomatoes and eggplants need a constant supply of fresh air. In summer, it is necessary to often open the doors and vents of the greenhouse; in frosts, airing is excluded.

What is the technology for growing vegetables in greenhouses in winter? In winter, plants are particularly affected by dry air. Regular watering of the floor, glass and heating pipes with water will help to solve the problem. In a vegetable greenhouse you can place open water tanks... Tanks with diluted mullein placed in the tomato greenhouse not only guarantee optimal humidity, but also accelerate the ripening of the fruit.

The soil under the plants must be constantly loosened, removing weeds. Mulching will help facilitate maintenance. hay, sawdust, sunflower seed husks or humus.

Mulch retains moisture in the soil and protects it from pests. You can fight aphids with the help of regular spraying with water or herbal decoctions; in severe cases, insecticides will help.

Growing vegetables in a greenhouse - not too difficult task, requiring care and the correct choice of varieties. The gardener's efforts will be rewarded with an excellent harvest when harvesting vegetables in greenhouses.

Greenhouse vegetable growing can become the beginning of your own promising business, because high-quality early fruits are in great demand by buyers.

Useful tips in the video on how to grow vegetables in a greenhouse:

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Growing vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse

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A light-loving plant needs a lot of light. If there is enough light, the shoots will acquire a bright, saturated color.

It is necessary, while growing cucumbers and tomatoes, to create a suitable microclimate for each plant. For example, to provide a higher moisture level for cucumbers, they can be separated by a polyethylene screen from tomatoes and peppers, which require drier conditions.

Their assortment is determined by the owner, but the most popular and widespread are:

After about two weeks have passed since planting vegetable crops, they will need to be fertilized for the first time. Such feeding should consist of mullein and nitrophoska - at the rate of a tablespoon of nitrophoska, half a liter of liquid mullein per 10 liters of water.

Organizational conditions

Disembarkation in the first week of April;

, In winter, seedlings are planted no earlier than mid-February, and when it already has a period of up to 50 days.

• Sixth
• This classification defines another highly recommended condition for growing vegetables in a greenhouse - crops of the same family should not follow each other in a row. It is recommended to observe the following order - first leafy, then root crops, and, thirdly, fruit. Leafy, of course, continue this chain further.
• Crop rotation, as the correct alternation of vegetables, growing them in the same place, is aimed at obtaining the best yields. It is assumed that three types of different crops can be grown in a greenhouse on the same soil per year.
• Ventilation

When you begin to conduct a mental review of the conditions that determine the success of such an undertaking as a greenhouse, you involuntarily fall into confusion - how can all this be remembered and ensured without missing a single nuance. Therefore, many, nevertheless, get down to work, guided by a simple everyday rule - the eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.

• Fertilizers will accelerate the development of vegetable crops, therefore, special solutions must be regularly introduced into the soil.
• Peas and fennel are unwanted neighbors of tomatoes. Regarding dill, the opinions of experts differ: initially, vegetables that are not suitable for each other coexist quite peacefully, in addition, the presence of dill on tomato rows can protect them from the development of certain diseases and the appearance of pests.

Tomatoes,

• Each bush should be watered with this solution, using a liter for each of them. After 10 days, you need to feed the crops again using potassium sulfate and a fertilizer called "Fertility". To prepare such a fertilizer, add a tablespoon of the product and a teaspoon of potassium sulfate to 10 liters of water. It is recommended to use this top dressing about three times a season. You can see the steps for caring for tomatoes in the greenhouse in our video.

Place no more than 2 plants on a square meter;

• Useful advice! When growing any kind of vegetables, but tomatoes, in the first place, it is important to regularly remove the lower wilted old leaves. The first candidates for removal are yellowing leaves, it is they who are initially affected by the fungus, and then it turns to greens.
• , Some species (zozulya, April, kukaracha) give a decent harvest only with sufficient lighting, and even without pollination, although, of course, with pollination, the yield increases;
• Not every lover of tinkering on a personal plot is able to learn all these classifications, when, moreover, the school is already long behind.

What's under control

The change of species is fundamentally important to protect the soil from the accumulation and adaptation of harmful substances inherent in one crop. Nevertheless, in order to be more confident in the future, it is required to decontaminate the soil after each type of crop.

• - be sure to install the simplest sensor for the speed of air movement in the greenhouse, there should be no draft;Growing vegetables in greenhouses - you first need to sweat decently in the fall, winter and spring to get such a cucumber "avenue" in the summer
• If you follow these minimum care requirements, then the peppers will produce an excellent harvest and beautiful bright, juicy fruits.For example, sage should not be planted with cucumbers, but peas will get along well with it.
• Cucumbers,Together with feeding the plants, caring for them also implies that crops should be watered in a timely manner and in the right amount.

So that the temperature at night does not drop in the greenhouse below 16 degrees, in summer in sunny weather - no higher than 30, in cloudy - 22;

• Such an amount of the first young cabbage grown by yourself will allow you to bring joy not only to relatives and neighbors, but also to your wallet.You can grow onions all year round on your windowsill, but in a greenhouse the volumes are much higher, and the resulting greens are both larger and juicier.
• Therefore, we give simple recommendations from practice in terms of this vegetable army:The peculiarities of growing vegetables in a greenhouse made of polycarbonate or any other material require their strict classification.
• Usually in the air, in normal field conditions, cucumbers are much larger, but greenhouses can help with this vegetable at a completely inappropriate time for it, for example, in AprilAnd this is a completely correct approach. Feel free to throw yourself into the science of growing vegetables in a greenhouse and you will not regret your decision, patience and work will crush your fears, and harvests will even help you raise your own opinion of yourself. And how your family will be proud of you, and you can't tell.

No matter how we try to protect our plant from diseases, the seedlings will constantly be attacked by infections. It is better to consider the signs of the disease in a photo on the Internet. The most common disease is aphids. It is very difficult to get rid of it; you will have to constantly monitor the seedlings. Aphids usually settle on the inside of the leaves, so if you buy seedlings, you need to carefully examine them so as not to infect all the plants in the greenhouse garden.

• Advice. If the beds are given to pepper, it is necessary to choose one variety of this plant for growing, since even the presence of only one bush of a bitter variety can change the taste of the entire crop, which occurs as a result of cross-pollination.Pepper.

Tools

Remember not to water the tomatoes too much, as this can negatively affect the quality and taste of the fruit.

Regular ventilation of the greenhouse, especially after watering, humidity should not exceed 55-60%;

• Among the growing conditions for white cabbage, it is especially important to pay attention to the following conditions:
• Seventh
• You should not even think about subsequent tomatoes if cucumbers, eggplants, potatoes or peppers were growing in the garden before;
• At the "top" level, the classification is very simple:
• Soil temperature
• The organization of a greenhouse for growing vegetables, when it is necessary to provide for dozens of operations, precisely verified in time, must, in the end, be equipped with electronics that decently help with the growth of the crop
• If your vegetable does not receive enough moisture, its leaves may even crumble. So summer residents recommend watering in small portions. Even a polycarbonate greenhouse will not keep your pepper seedlings safe from pests. May beetle larvae, whitefly, thrips, Colorado potato beetle, aphids - all of them can damage peppers. Therefore, the use of biological agents is considered mandatory. Pepper can be sick as well as other plants in your greenhouse with rot, bacteriosis. Growing pepper in a greenhouse climate will definitely bring good results, if you want to make a place in a closed garden more profitable, then experienced gardeners compact pepper seedlings by planting herbs, for example, onions, dill, parsley. The pepper grows slowly, so you have time to cut the greens before the stem of the pepper forks.

You can plant several varieties of only sweet or only bitter ones next to each other.

Compatibility or crop rotation

Intermediate crops:

Experts advise watering tomatoes every five days.

Removal of side shoots;

Firstly

, Before planting seedlings, it is imperative to carry out the so-called moisturizing watering;

Before tomatoes, first it is good to ennoble the ground with onions and beans;

Classification

Basic, having a long growing season, and

• - a very important parameter that is often neglected;
• Although, of course, the working conditions are quite strict.

Growing their own vegetables for their family or for sale, many purchase modern polycarbonate greenhouses. They have a lot of positive qualities. The main thing is that vegetables in such greenhouses feel good enough.

Effective use of the entire greenhouse area can significantly reduce labor costs and time for processing the beds, which is very important, especially if you do all the work yourself.

• Growing them between the rows of basic vegetables constantly throughout the season;
• Consider the fact that in the first ten days after planting, watering is also not desirable, since the crops have not yet had time to adapt to the new living conditions. When you take care of plants in a greenhouse, remember that the water temperature for irrigation should be around 20-22 degrees.
• Put a film to protect against insects under the fruits on the ground.

If you are counting on an early harvest, seedlings of 3-4 leaves must be planted before mid-April;

Eighth

It is better to wait with planting cucumbers if you have experimented with melons, watermelons and zucchini in the ground;

• Additional crops with a short growing season.
• Water supply volume
• The correct cultivation of vegetables is based on several basic organizational conditions:

The list of greenhouse vegetable crops is quite large. In some northern regions of Russia, even melons, watermelons and grapes are grown in greenhouses. The most common are tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers and various types of salads and green crops. Some are involved in greenhouse cultivation of flowers and berries, usually for sale. If you have purchased polycarbonate greenhouses, then absolutely everything can be grown in them. Of course, you need to know the basics of greenhouse vegetable growing and choose the most suitable varieties of vegetables for greenhouse conditions.

• It will also eliminate soil depletion caused by the cultivation of one species. You can see the answers to additional questions in the video in this article.
• The use of temporarily vacant areas that are empty while the main culture grows and develops, after which the intermediate ones are removed from the beds;
• The approximate amount of water that plants need before the flowering period is 4 - 5 liters per square meter. During the flowering period, this amount increases to 10 - 13 liters. It is best to water your crops in the greenhouse in the morning. Proper care of vegetables also involves maintaining an optimal temperature regime inside the greenhouse. When the weather is sunny outside, the temperature in the greenhouse should be about 20 - 22 degrees, with cloudy - 19 - 20. It is especially important to prevent sudden temperature fluctuations at night. The temperature during this period should be about 16 - 17 degrees before flowering.
• It is no coincidence that the cultivation of vegetables on a personal plot, especially in a greenhouse, has acquired such a massive character in our country. This is an extremely exciting and, to be honest, very useful and profitable occupation.
• Secondly
• , It is very important not to miss, after the appearance of 8-9 leaves, the phase of the beginning of the formation of the bush and the binding of the plant to the trellis;

The most suitable precursors for cucumbers are again onions and radishes;

In the photo - typical spring greenhouse cucumbers, this is the first that appears on the shelves long before the May holidays

Purely hands-on approach

- watering is the most important component of the success of all work; the most preferable is constant drip irrigation in the greenhouse, which also provides a more rational water consumption; if drip irrigation is still in the work plans, irrigate directly under the root of the plants, do not spray moisture anywhere;

Additional lighting is an important parameter in the success of this venture.

• This crop is the most popular in greenhouse vegetable growing. There are some rules that must be followed when cultivating cucumbers using the greenhouse method.
• The homeland of pepper is South America, so this vegetable is a heat-loving and fastidious plant. In the photo, this useful plant flaunts yellow, green and red fruits. Sweet peppers are grown in the northwestern region more often in greenhouse conditions, since this vegetable crop is demanding for light and heat. Pepper constantly needs watering, it grows at a temperature of +27 degrees.
• In the off-season, especially if it is a heated polycarbonate greenhouse, you can grow seedlings, flowers, you can even get a harvest of strawberries or grow only greens, some of which will go to your own table, and some can be sold.
• After the crops bloom, the temperature should be 26 - 32 degrees. The lower limit of temperature during the flowering period is at least 14 - 16 degrees. After you have collected the first fruits, you can maintain the temperature in the greenhouse at 16-17 degrees. This can have a beneficial effect on the growth and ripening of tomatoes. Another important point of care is rightfully considered the pruning of stepchildren - lateral unnecessary processes developing on the leaves. They should be removed regularly, and the bush itself must be formed from the main shoot, on which about five brushes are left.
• But the profit is expressed not even in financial units, but in that incredible amount of adrenaline and good mood that the whole process gives. But so that the process, which is valuable in itself, does not turn into an end in itself, so that there is some way out and "on the table", it is very important to know and follow exactly all agricultural techniques, which largely depends on the cultivated crop itself.
• , 2 weeks after planting, the first feeding is carried out, and after 2 more - the second;
• Ninth
• Cabbage will not behave very well if it queues for sorrel, parsley and spinach;

The next division already determines the level of nutrient intake:

Closer to cultures

Temperature of water supplied for irrigation

Cucumbers

Thoughtful and high-quality greenhouse design;

The correct choice of cucumber varieties is important.

• Planting seedlingsPodwinter plants are planted at the end of the season, when the main harvest is completed:
• About a month before the end of the growing season, you need to pinch the top. When the fruits ripen and begin to turn red, the lower leaves are removed. Pruning is best done in the morning. In the process of caring for tomatoes, do not forget about the prevention of various diseases. Black leg disease is very dangerous for seedlings. To avoid the appearance of this fungus, the soil is changed to a new one before planting crops in the greenhouse.Radish is one of the regulars in greenhouses, another decent-sized tomato will envy its greenhouse size
• Thirdly, In order to avoid the danger of damage to the root system, it is not customary to loosen the soil under the cucumbers, the work on the soil consists in additional adding organic matter;
• But the cabbage is completely in the neighborhood and would not mind following onions, garlic, carrots and beets;The first group - crops with a strong intake of nutrients - these include tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, celery, leeks;
• - the general rule states that the temperature of the water for irrigation must correspond to the temperature of the soil;Reliable overlap material;
• There are self-pollinating varieties and specially bred hybrids. If earlier in Russia several varieties of greenhouse cucumbers, such as Zozuli, were cultivated, now there are a huge number of them.It is believed that a large harvest of pepper can be obtained only in a greenhouse climate, since a drop in temperature to 14-15 ° C immediately stops the growth of pepper seedlings.

It is justified to plant parsnips, chicory, sorrel, and some other vegetables and herbs, including onions, garlic;

• In order to prevent the development of late blight of leaves, the bushes are treated three times - a week after planting the seedlings, 20 days after the first treatment, and then after about a third of the brushes have bloomed. It is customary to process the bushes by means of "Barrier" and "Zaslon". The third treatment is recommended with a garlic solution.The video in this article will demonstrate equally useful nuances on this sensitive topic, see.
• , The shelf life of such cabbage is limited - no more than 3-5 days at a temperature of 0 degrees;Tenth
• Do not plant beans over beans;The second - with an average consumption - there are radishes, spices, asparagus, kohlrabi;
• Soil heating is useful for obtaining maximum productivity of growing crops in greenhousesThe presence of an automatic control system is at first not so necessary, but over time it is necessary to strive for the introduction of electronics and the sooner this is done, the better;

It is necessary to carefully prepare the soil for cucumbers.

Growing conditions for peppers are about the same as for tomatoes. Pepper grows outdoors only in regions with a mild climate. In order for your vegetable to delight you with beautiful and healthy fruits, you need to prepare a special soil for it.

Growing ornamental plants, especially flowers.

Tomatoes

A video on how to create optimal conditions for growing tomatoes, how to cope with diseases and how to form a bush.

To be able to enjoy fresh tomatoes regardless of the season, you need to start growing ripe and juicy fruits in your own greenhouse. To get a good harvest, you need to adhere to all the rules for planting tomatoes, as well as take proper care of these very demanding plants. Our recommendations will help both experienced and novice summer residents to plant tomatoes and get a rich harvest.

• Fourth, Carefully monitor the aeration of the soil, otherwise, with a lack of air in the soil, rotting of the roots cannot be avoided.
• If your goal is onions, then it is best to do this after carrots, cabbage and cucumbers.And third, with low nutrient intake - beans and beans.
• The level of trace elements and organic matter in the soilConstant care of the quality of the land in the greenhouse.
• The introduction of manure, straw and other things, which can provide additional heat and a lot of nitrogen for cucumbers, unlike tomatoes, is only welcome. It is important, when creating warm beds, not to burn the seedlings of plants. Therefore, the soil must be prepared in advance.Pepper care
• Photo of mixed plantings.In large farm greenhouses, a separate greenhouse is erected for each crop, often more than one. At the same time, to obtain a high yield, the technology of correct crop rotation is used, taking into account the filling capacity, with the main goal of achieving the maximum economic effect.

A modern greenhouse can be built from ordinary plastic film, glass or the latest durable material - polycarbonate. In any case, it must be of normal size for good growth and harmonious development of the tomatoes. Growing a vegetable like a tomato requires a competent approach, so it is important to provide for all the nuances.

, Cabbage is demanding on agricultural technology - one cubic decimeter of soil should contain 150-175 mg of potassium, 100-150 mg of nitrogen and 50-80 mg of phosphorus;

White cabbage

The technology of growing vegetables in greenhouses necessarily provides for its regular airing, especially on hot summer days.

• Seedling preparation is a very painstaking process, where little science is needed. The price of this process is the harvest itself.This division determines the correct alternation of plants in the greenhouse - the third group, then the second, and then the first, and again everything in a circle - the third, second, first. Studies have shown that it is with this approach that the minimum accumulation of harmful substances in the soil occurs.
• - when one cannot do without automation, at the first stage it is done by eye, but industrial production cannot do without such control; it is also important to control not only the absolute indicators of the content, but also the relative - relative to each other, some elements may "conflict" with each other;In addition to the basic conditions preceding all major work, it is necessary to ensure:
• Before boardingRotten manure, compost, which are mixed with turf, are suitable for this purpose. Light soil is suitable for growing peppers, so the soil with high acidity needs to be limed.
• In greenhouses in small summer cottages or adjoining territories, one of the most rational ways to grow vegetables is to use the mixed planting method. Depending on the season, they can be classified as summer or spring options.In small private farms, such as summer cottages, the greenhouse is often built to meet the needs of the family, although sometimes the production of vegetables and growing greenery can be a source of additional income. And what to plant in the greenhouse, in what time frame, how to grow different vegetables together, becomes the owner's main problem.
• After you build your greenhouse from polycarbonate or other material with everything you need - comfortable lighting, a good ventilation system, that is, you have completed all the preliminary preparations for planting a tomato, you can proceed to the next stage.It is necessary to prepare the soil inside the greenhouse for the subsequent planting of tomatoes.Fifth

Useful advice! Do not confuse plant leaf wilting with plant disease. Withering is usually associated with insufficient ventilation and overheating. Pay attention to the constant ventilation of greenhouses, regardless of the material from which they are made.

Cauliflower

Next, let's try to sort out the vegetables most loved by greenhouses.

• High-quality planting material is no less important for a successful result!
• A prerequisite for ensuring a good end result on a day-to-day basis is the constant availability of all the necessary tools at hand.

Bell peppers and eggplants

Creating an ideal microclimate in the greenhouse - without experience it will be difficult at first to do it, this is where automation will help, but you need to strive for this constantly;

• It is advisable to spill the soil with a strong solution of manganese and add additional superphosphate and ash.
• Not all peppers are well suited for indoor cultivation. Therefore, it is important to decide on the purchase of seeds. As with tomato variants, the best results can be obtained from hybrids that self-pollinate, almost never get sick.
• Spinach, radish, lettuce, Chinese cabbage are all those plants that can be planted in a greenhouse in early spring and within a month or two get a harvest before planting the seedlings of the main plants.
• The photo shows the lush vegetation in the greenhouse.

Experts do not recommend growing tomatoes in the same greenhouse for several years in a row. In this case, cultures can often get sick.

Watermelons and melons

, The planting pattern in rows should be between 30 and 40 cm in both directions.

• The answer to the question of how to grow vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse will be exactly the same if the greenhouse is assembled from wooden structures - observe the correct temperature and water conditions.
• This "king" of all greenhouses certainly requires something for himself:
• There is another principle of division, which is already closer to the usual everyday ideas:
• In your closet, it is imperative to find a place for:
• Adequate watering, corresponding to a particular type of crop grown;
• Cucumbers grow pretty quickly.

conclusions

If you plan to plant a sweet pepper variety, then choose "Orange miracle", "Tenderness", bitter pepper - "Astrakhan variety". Only planting sweet and bitter peppers together is not worth it - they will get dusty. When choosing pepper seeds, you will definitely be attracted by the bright packaging, but you should pay attention only to the manufacturer. The choice of seeds produced in the region of residence of the gardener is considered ideal, since this variety of pepper is as close as possible to the climatic conditions of residence where seedlings of vegetable crops will be grown. For example, for planting in the closed ground of the northern region, the varieties "Health", "Yellow Bull" are suitable.

Typically:

The photo shows the joint cultivation of different crops.

Once upon a time it was customary to plant tomatoes after cucumbers. But in recent years, these cultures began to get sick together with this method of planting - they are struck by an unpleasant ailment called anthracnose. That is why preparing for planting a tomato involves replacing the soil and processing it using a hot solution of copper sulfate - its temperature should be about 100 degrees. To prepare the solution yourself, you should take a tablespoon of this fertilizer.

Recommendations for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse: planting and care

Study very carefully the question of what vegetables can be grown in one greenhouse, so as not to risk such a harvest. The mistake, co-cultivation of cabbage with tomatoes, can lead to the loss of both

Landing

DIY Tomatoes Harvesting

Root vegetables are, of course, the revered potatoes, as well as carrots, beets, onions, garlic;

Watering cans;

Drip irrigation is a wise decision!

After 45-50 days, you can get the first harvests. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain optimal temperature and water conditions. It is better to water cucumbers in the evening every day and always with warm water. Otherwise, they can get sick with various diseases and die.

Each variety corresponds to a different color of pepper, so choose the yellow, red or green color of the fruit according to your taste.

Spring mixed plantings are intended for early vegetables and greens;

Before the start of the season, it is recommended to draw up a plan for the placement of plants, taking into account the schedule of their planting on the beds, the possibility of compaction with secondary crops and the timing of replacing some with others. Naturally, a type of greenhouse design is needed, designed for year-round cultivation or seasonal.Many beginner summer residents often ask one question - is it possible to plant other vegetables together with tomatoes in the same polycarbonate or glass greenhouse? Experts say that other plants from the nightshade group get along well with them - for example, pepper. Therefore, planting tomatoes at the same time as pepper is perfectly acceptable. Since both of these crops - both peppers and tomatoes - require similar care conditions. Of course, planting peppers in the same room as tomatoes is best only when you can't do without it. In this case, the planting of pepper can be carried out both on a separate bed, and between the tomatoes.

This is a very valuable vegetable, but it:

Growing conditions for tomatoes are very different from those for cucumbers:Firstly, leafy ones - here are cabbage, asparagus, spices;

Care

Hoppers; airing the greenhouse - here it is very important to control the absence of closed places where air is difficult to access; it is great if the greenhouse is additionally equipped with a ventilation system;

Make sure that the cucumbers are enough and not in excess.The ideal time for planting is early March.Before planting, it is imperative to treat the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate. Plant growth simulators can be added to the soil. Effective, for example, against a fungal infection is considered a solution "Immunofit". Summer mixed plantings allow you to grow and harvest several species at the same time.When drawing up a plan, it is important to take into account the orientation of the greenhouse to the cardinal points. In the south, which is more sunny and warm, you should set aside a place for pepper, not far from which you can plant tomatoes. And in the northern part, cucumbers will give a good harvest. (see also the article How to properly place a greenhouse on the cardinal points - installation features)

The soil for peppers, like for tomatoes, should be loose and moist. There is even a special kind of pepper, which has an interesting shape and fruit color, which is called "tomato-like". It is also perfectly acceptable to plant tomatoes with eggplants. How to do this according to all the rules, the video at the end of the recording will tell you.

Does not tolerate too high and low temperatures;

Firstly

, Very precise control of humidity in the greenhouse - on a sunny day it should be at least 85%, and on a cloudy day - at least 70%;

Video "Growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions"

Fruit - in this group "generals" - pepper, tomato, cucumber.

What to plant in a greenhouse so that everything grows well

Shovels;

Airing is one of the prerequisites for growing any plants.

Harvest as often as possible.

Drawing up a plan for planting plants in a greenhouse

Pepper seeds are sown in the soil like compost to a depth of 5 to 15 cm. The emergence of sprouts occurs at a temperature of +21. After the seedlings get stronger, they will need to be dived into special peat pots. After two weeks, you will need to transplant the seedlings into larger pots. This will help your root system develop perfectly. Watering and feeding peppers should be timely, not plentiful. You only need to feed seedlings, which have three leaves. The nutrient solution should consist of 0.05 kg of urea, 0.125 kg of superphosphate, 0.03 kg of potassium salt. The entire composition is diluted in 10 liters of water. You will carry out further feeding when the fourth leaf appears.

Planting of seedlings of cucumbers and tomatoes is carried out, as a rule, in May. And green onions, dill, lettuce, radishes are the types that can be planted in a greenhouse in March on still free beds and get a full harvest until the time of planting tomatoes or cucumbers.

Advice. During the growth and development of the main crops, you can plant early ripening vegetables and greens, which, however, can be grown along the main beds all season, supplying a storehouse of vitamins to the table.

When there is a week left before planting tomatoes in the greenhouse, you need to carry out the stage of preparing the beds. Their width should be about 60 - 90 cm, and the height should be about 25 - 30 cm. Between the beds, you should definitely leave passages about 70 cm wide.For planting a tomato, it is customary to use clay or loamy soil after sawdust is added to it , humus and peat in equal proportions. For one square meter of land, you will need about three buckets of such a mixture.

Annual plan for planting plants by timing

A temperature of 25 degrees is already causing a noticeable slowdown in fruit growth.

, It is necessary to ensure a strict temperature regime, both for air - 18-25 degrees, and for soil - at least 10;

Secondly

1. Let's give one more classification, almost according to the textbook of the school course of botany:
   • Rake;
   • Heating, and throughout the year - this is especially important for the middle zone, when there are frequent nighttime temperature drops even in summer;
2. These simple rules apply to almost all greenhouse crops, not just cucumbers. Remember not to grow tomatoes and cucumbers in the same greenhouse.
   Pepper loves to grow in greenhouse conditions in freedom, therefore, in order to prevent strong growth, gardeners form bushes. For seedlings reaching 15cm in height, the buds located on top must be removed. This will affect the branchiness of the bush. Sometimes in greenhouses the peppers can be high. In this case, you need to take care of the garter of the plant. Usually, homemade racks are enough to attach the stem to.
   • In the photo - the seal of the landings.
   • The sequence of planting vegetables.
   • In the case when peat is used instead of soil, humus, turf, sawdust and sand must be mixed with it in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 0.5. After preparing the soil, it should be fertilized with double granular superphosphate - you need to take a teaspoon of the product, as well as wood ash - it will take a couple of tablespoons. The preparation of planting material for planting in a polycarbonate, glass or film greenhouse invariably begins with growing seedlings. It is best to sow seeds in special containers from February to the end of March. After about 50 days, when the shoot is about 30 cm long, the tomato seedlings can be removed from the containers.
3. The technology for growing these crops is practically the same and is very similar to the technology for growing tomatoes, with some nuances:
   • Secondly
   • , The soil should be rich in organic and mineral fertilizers, which can be easily provided with a layer of soil mixture of 10-15 cm;
   • Pumpkin - to this group everyone's favorite and even adored zucchini, pumpkin, cucumbers, melon, watermelon;
4. Scissors;
   • Shading - the need for shading is clearly shown by the events of recent years with unpredictable jumps in solar activity, when in summer the temperature even in Murmansk can jump to +30;
   • Peppers and eggplants can be grown with tomatoes. It is better to grow greens in low greenhouses, for greenhouses it is not entirely profitable. However, some growers build multi-tiered beds, which allows more use of the greenhouse space. Also, while the tomatoes and cucumbers are small, it is convenient to plant radishes, watercress, onions, leafy mustard, dill, basil, lettuce and Chinese cabbage in the aisles.

Mixed planting of vegetable crops

The most important thing in the development process is to monitor the soil moisture where your pepper grows. Temperature will play a huge role, humidity all this plays a huge role in the development of a thermophilic plant. Experienced gardeners do not advise adding manure to the soil, this contributes to the strong growth and bushiness of the vegetable crop.

Summer coexistence of plants has some fundamental differences from the spring version. At this time, the active growth of plants continues, the formation and ripening of fruits.

For a profitable greenhouse operation, it is important to make the most of every centimeter of its usable area throughout the season. Be sure to follow the instructions for the layout of plant bushes in the garden. (see also the article What can be grown in a greenhouse with your own hands)

The planting scheme largely depends on the type of plant and the characteristics of its bushes. For example, in low-growing varieties with an early ripening period in a greenhouse, three shoots are formed, so they are advised to plant them in two rows, observing a checkerboard pattern, as shown in the video.

• The soil is prepared in the same way as preparing the soil for tomatoes;
• , In the process of ripening, it is constantly necessary to feed the plant with peat, which will ensure a reduction in the time of ripening and obtaining legal even 18 kg per square meter at least a week earlier;

Thirdly

Compaction as an option for the joint cultivation of vegetables and herbs in the same bed

Haze - not so often found in greenhouses beets and spinach;

Wire, and,

Constant feeding of plants with fertilizers during the entire period of growth.

In order to get harvests of many vegetables in the central part of Russia, vegetables are grown through seedlings. Rutabaga, root and petiole celery, late-ripening cabbage, strawberries from seeds, pumpkin, as well as melons, watermelons, eggplants, tomatoes and peppers - all this can be, and sometimes it is necessary to grow in seedlings. It can also significantly increase the profitability of the greenhouse. When the seedling plants grow up and the danger of frost has passed, then you will plant them in open ground. You can use the greenhouse to grow cucumbers, which are more heat-loving crops.

What plants do not get along together in the same garden

If you want your peppers to produce a good harvest, arrange the seedling beds correctly. The planting density of pepper bushes ranges from 25 to 65 cm. How to arrange correctly near a convenient bed can be seen in the video instructions. Much depends on the type of pepper. But the beds are made at a distance of one meter.

Therefore, it makes sense to apply the so-called compaction, which consists in the fact that greens, tuberous vegetables such as carrots, beets are grown at the same time along the perimeter of the beds occupied by the main crops, possibly even yielding melons and corn.

Thus, for a year or season, you can get a harvest from different crops, which can be divided into several classes.

In this case, two bushes should be at a distance of about 35 cm from each other. As for the standard varieties, in which one shoot is well developed, it is permissible to plant them more densely. But at the same time, the distance between crops should not be less than 30 cm. Since tall varieties of tomatoes need more space, it will be correct to plant them at a distance of about 70 cm from each other.

Seedlings should have a period of 55-60 days by the first ten days of April;

Thirdly

, Constantly monitoring the temperature. Cucumbers love warmth, even seedlings are categorically not recommended to be planted at soil temperatures at a depth of 10 cm below 17 degrees;
Umbrella - parsley, celery, carrots;

Conclusion

Thermometer.

In the process of fruit growth, the following parameters of the entire process should be under your constant control, which largely depend on the specific culture:

Closer to autumn, when the cucumber season is over, you can again plant radishes, watercress, green onions, dill in the greenhouse. Thus, you can extend the period of using greens for another month. If the greenhouse has heating, then it can be 2-3 months.

Before planting, the pits for planting are poured abundantly with water, since abundant watering for the pepper is one of the effective component. After planting seedlings, the soil must be gradually compacted with your hands.

Various types of greens planted earlier should not be immediately removed from the beds for tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, but do it gradually, as the crops grow and, accordingly, increase the area under them.

Growing features

Predecessors:

Before planting plants in the ground, you should make sure that it has warmed up to a temperature of 15 degrees. It should also be remembered that the stems of the seedlings should not be too submerged in the soil, since in this case the tomato can go into the roots, and not into growth. The soil should not contain excessive amounts of nitrogen, as in this situation the foliage will grow excessively, not the fruit. After you have examined the seedling for damage, you can plant the future tomato in the ground. How to do it correctly, our video will demonstrate.

If the greenhouse is heated, planting can be carried out in mid-March;

Choosing a pepper variety for greenhouse cultivation

, Seedlings are planted with a period of at least a month;

Fourthly

Cruciferous - cabbage, rutabagas, radishes;

Planting pepper in the greenhouse

The answer to the question of how to grow vegetables in a greenhouse correctly is to follow a simple truth of the poet - “and it seems that the streets are clean, our words and conscience are clean”. In other words, first you need to learn how to do everything with love, and then wait for the result.

Humidity

Much depends on the region where you live. If in a warmer climate, then you can use a polycarbonate greenhouse all year round, having built a simple heating system. In Siberia and the Urals, of course, vegetable growers cannot afford this. Despite this, even in harsh conditions, thanks to modern greenhouses, gardeners grow wonderful yields. The greenhouse fully pays for itself in the first year of its use. Vegetables from their own beds are always much tastier!

It is not difficult to grow and care for peppers in a polycarbonate greenhouse. The plant will receive enough light, they will not be burned, as, for example, in a greenhouse with a film coating. Maintaining ideal humidity conditions is also more convenient indoors. Seedlings in a polycarbonate greenhouse require compliance with the following recommendations:

In the photo - a table of planting compatibility.

First of all, these are early-ripening vegetables that are resistant to cold and low temperatures: radishes, carrots, Chinese cabbage, spinach and others;

Greenhouse Pepper Care

Hybrid varieties are best suited for greenhouse cultivation. They should be planted in warm ground in the first half of May, when the height of the seedling stems already reaches 30 - 35 cm.

1. Planting is carried out at the rate for pepper - 10 plants per square meter, and for eggplants - 6 plants.
2. Fourthly
3. If it comes to seedlings, it must have a period of at least 25 days;
4. Compositae - lettuce appearing as a sign of the greenhouse and spring, chicory;
5. This notorious compatibility, or, in a scientific way, crop rotation, unfortunately, is very relevant when growing vegetables in greenhouses. As a matter of fact, compatibility is determined by different optimal growing conditions for different types of vegetables - someone needs increased watering, someone the temperature should not fall below 20.

​;​

Diseases of pepper in greenhouses

A fairly common method of growing strawberries and strawberries is the greenhouse method. In many regions, harvests begin from March to November. It is necessary to know the technology of growing berries in greenhouse conditions. Again, not all varieties are suitable for this, but only remontant ones. These varieties are capable of producing crops all year round.

Continuously monitor temperature changes. Even small fluctuations will affect the growth of the plant.

The list of everything that can be planted in one greenhouse is quite wide, but there are also completely incompatible crops with each other, the simultaneous cultivation of which is either impossible or will lead to a significant reduction in yield.

What vegetable crops can be grown in greenhouses

Early greens of parsley, dill, green onions, the price of which is traditionally high in early spring.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse

It is believed that after this age, the seedlings take root well in a new place and adapt to the proposed conditions. As mentioned above, tall varieties are planted in a checkerboard pattern, but medium and dwarf varieties require a different planting method - in rows, while the distance between plants should be about 40 cm.

• The instructions for growing truly sweet peppers in a greenhouse are quite extensive and not a single point can be neglected., Sudden temperature changes are unacceptable;
• FifthNightshade - eggplants, tomatoes, peppers.
• Ideally, if you don't want compatibility issues, each greenhouse should be strictly dedicated to one crop, at least for the life of the current lot. The change of culture must be accompanied by a complete change of land and careful processing of the entire structure of the greenhouse, from floor to ceiling outside.Temperature
• Some simple strawberries can also be grown for spring harvest. After the berries have borne fruit, they can be planted in the garden. To do this, you need to prepare planting material in the fall and store it in a cool, dark place with high humidity. When the time comes, plant it in the greenhouse. Thanks to this method, you can feast on a delicious berry for a whole month or two earlier.Always water on time. If there is not enough water, the vegetable itself will let you know about this by the appearance of brown spots on the leaves. This is how the burn of the plant manifests itself.
• It is very difficult to grow cucumbers and tomatoes in the same greenhouse, since they need different conditions of temperature and humidity levels. But sometimes, subject to certain rules and conditions, you can get a crop of both one and the other crop.Basic.

Non-overgrown seedlings are planted vertically, if the plants are elongated, they must be placed in the prepared pits obliquely, tearing off the bottom sheets and sprinkling with earth. Pay extra attention to those seedlings that have outgrown. For her, a 12-centimeter hole should be made in the ground, in which another deeper hole is made, which coincides in height with the height of the pot in which the seedling is located. After a few weeks, the originally formed hole must be covered with earth.

These envoys of the southern latitudes require:

Growing seedlings of vegetable crops in a greenhouse

Fifth

Greenhouse use in autumn

, Planting of seedlings must be carried out in winter - during the first week of February, in spring, in greenhouses with heating, in the first week of April, and, otherwise, 20 days later, with the hope only of heating by the sun - not earlier than the beginning of May;

Eggplants are aerobatics of the "greenhouse art", which is available to everyone who is ready to endure and scrupulously follow all the recommendations

Growing strawberries in a greenhouse

For successful cultivation, it is better to provide separate designs for individual crops, or, as a last resort, each vegetable should be planted on a separate bed.

- both day and night, minimum, maximum, average as a whole for the day and separately during the day and night; you can go further and say that even the initial planting of a crop in the soil should take place under certain temperature conditions;

See how many things you can grow in a greenhouse. Plus, it's very fun and rewarding. You can order polycarbonate greenhouses at very attractive prices, of the highest quality on the website

Loosening the soil will enrich the rhizomes of your plant with oxygen, and moisture will flow faster.

The greenhouse makes it possible to grow vegetables and greens in any weather conditions and to get an abundance of vitamins on the table in early spring. And although the soil in greenhouses is used more intensively and depletes faster, planting in a greenhouse is more productive than garden plantings. Vegetable crops, being under protective vaults, are less likely to be affected by pests, have a shortened growing season and increased productivity. The main thing is to choose a successful greenhouse structure and monitor the state of the soil and the microclimate in it.

Features of growing in polycarbonate greenhouses

Arrangement of a greenhouse for planting

Most of all, the greenhouse content is suitable for plants that are demanding for special conditions: stable temperature, high humidity, protection from pests. These are tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, cauliflower.

The main components of the summer resident's success

To grow strong and productive plants in a greenhouse structure, you must adhere to three components of success:

1. Monitor the quality of the land before planting each new crop... Conduct top dressing with fertilizers to increase microelements and organic matter in the soil. It is possible to change the top depleted soil layer to a new one.
2. Create the microclimate necessary for the plant... That is, to monitor the temperature of the ground and water, humidity, to carry out adequate watering for the grown specimens, shading, airing. Avoid drafts.
3. Organize the right neighborhoodso that different vegetables do not compete for light or water and do not destroy each other with substances that they release in the process of existence.

Polycarbonate greenhouse planting beds

Benefits of polycarbonate as a shelter

Planting in a polycarbonate greenhouse is the easiest way to create the best microclimate for any crop. After all, polycarbonate, as a greenhouse material, has a lot of advantages:

• It transmits natural light as well as glass, but the rays, being refracted in polycarbonate, scatter and do not burn the plants. As a result, their vitality increases.
• Does not become cloudy, unlike polyethylene.
• Better than glass and polyethylene, it retains heat and is stronger than these materials. The blows of branches, snow, wind, hail does not matter to him.
• The metal frame allows you to equip vents for ventilation anywhere and install double doors to protect from cold air.
• The service life of polycarbonate is up to 20 years.
• Polycarbonate sheets are resistant to the high humidity inevitable when grown indoors. In addition, their ribbed surface encourages condensation to slide and sink into the ground, reducing the internal greenhouse effect.
• In cold months, a polycarbonate greenhouse can contain seedlings until they are planted in the garden.

How to properly organize the neighborhood of different cultures under one roof

Any vegetable and leafy crops are suitable for planting in a greenhouse. It is best to choose early varieties with a short growing season that will yield fast yields.

Planting pepper in the greenhouse

Greenhouse crop rotation rules

Ideally, a separate greenhouse should be used to grow one vegetable. Then it is possible to create the microclimate necessary for it and get the highest quality and highest yield. Having received the harvest and removing the tops, you can plant the next batch, for example, after radishes, onions or dill, plant tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers.

Before changing crops, it is necessary to replace the fertile soil layer or decontaminate it. It is also a good idea to process the walls of the greenhouse structure. The easiest way to disinfect: pour a liter of warm (50-60˚C) potassium permanganate solution (1 g per 10 liters of water) into each well. But you should not do this often, it is more effective to completely change the top layer of the earth.

The alternation of vegetables helps to protect the soil from depletion and accumulation of pathogenic bacteria inherent in one variety.

The crop rotation scheme for a home greenhouse is as follows:

1. The first to be planted are those crops that extract the least amount of nutrients from the ground - these are all representatives of legumes.
2. Then comes the turn of seedlings with an average level of consumption - asparagus, radishes, spices, lettuce.
3. The last to be planted are tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, peppers, that is, plants with the maximum intake of nutrients.

With this approach to planting plants in a greenhouse, harmful substances in the soil accumulate minimally, and there is no shortage of beneficial bacteria and elements in it.

The basics of crop rotation in greenhouses

When alternating, it is important to follow simple recommendations:

1. The soil is ideal for cucumbers after onions, radishes, and the most unsuitable predecessors will be courgettes, melons, watermelons.
2. Tomatoes react negatively to the soil in which peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and potatoes grew before them. First, you should "refine" the soil with onions and legumes.
3. Cabbage will not gain weight well if it follows parsley, sorrel, spinach. And will delight you with a rich harvest, if her turn comes after onions, garlic, carrots, beets.

The nuances of planting different crops at the same time under one roof

Not every summer resident can afford to install several greenhouses for individual vegetable crops.Therefore, many carry out mixed plantings in a greenhouse, when vegetables with different microclimate requirements grow in the same space. This method is not easy and requires a rational organization of the planting scheme and care plan. After all, different species react differently to external conditions. In this case, a good harvest can be achieved only if each group is provided with the required temperature and humidity indicators.

Visual compatibility of vegetables in the beds

In mixed plantings, separate beds are needed for each crop, about 90 cm wide. Vegetables with similar care requirements should not be fenced off from each other. So, capricious and whimsical eggplants coexist well with tomatoes. Both need a sunny side and fresh air. Therefore, they should be placed near the vents or doors and arrange ventilation, and arrange the beds so that everyone gets a dose of sunlight.

But thermophilic cucumbers that react negatively to temperature changes, it is better to separate them from tomatoes not only by space, but also by a man-made wall, for example, made of plastic film, plywood, polycarbonate sheets.

On the side of the cucumbers, you will get a space with artificially high humidity, which is very beneficial for their growth. Peppers can be placed nearby, which require the same conditions, can bear fruit in the shade of cucumbers and with great crowding.

Mixed planting scheme in the greenhouse

Spring Harvest Preparation Begins in Autumn

Planting work in the greenhouse begins in March. This means that preparatory measures for disinfection, cleaning and fertilization should be started in the fall.

Cleanliness is the key to plant health

The internal space of the building is cleared of any debris, including from the tops of plants, which by the spring will turn into a breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria and fungal spores. In the spring, before preparing the greenhouse for planting, wash its walls and dome on both sides with a washing solution with the addition of potassium permanganate. Places where moss and lichen have settled over the winter are cleaned and treated with copper sulfate.

For the final destruction of pests, mold, fungi that have appeared during the winter, dry cleaning of the internal space is carried out 2-3 weeks before planting.

Effective disinfection is provided by:

• a set fire to a sulfuric checker;
• smoldering mixture of sulfur and kerosene;
• biological products.

Reception of disinfection with a sulfur checker

Nutritious soil - a guarantee of productivity

The top layer of greenhouse soil (7 cm) is removed and replaced with fresh one. The removed land can be used for garden planting. It is better to plant plants in a greenhouse in soil consisting of fresh garden soil (1 part), river sand (1 part), peat (5 parts) and humus (3 parts). Rack and hydroponic planting will reduce the palatability of the fruit.

The soil should be loose, moist and nutritious. Looseness indicates its oxygen saturation. Nutrition for each culture needs its own. It is better to enrich the area for tomatoes with phosphorus and calcium, for eggplants - with nitrogen, and cucumbers need soil rich in organic matter (diluted chicken droppings or mullein). The universal composition of fertilizers: ash, potash complexes, superphosphate.

Greenhouse greenhouse crops improve soil quality

The easiest way to increase the saturation of the soil with fertilizers is to plant peas, mustard or cereals. After the ascent of the green mass, it is dug up and after a few days the necessary crops are planted.

Careful attention to all stages of plant growing will allow you to get an excellent and high-quality harvest. But without tips from experienced gardeners, it will be difficult for a novice gardener to "please" different species with mixed plantings in a greenhouse.

Knowing the peculiarities of growing and caring for the main vegetable crops, the gardener can get a healthy and rich harvest.The correct germination of cucumber seeds, the subtleties of using greenhouses for planting seedlings, the competent selection of plants - knowledge that will ensure the environmental friendliness and usefulness of the crop.

The content of the article:

• Compatibility of the main greenhouse crops - cucumbers and tomatoes
• Germination of cucumber seeds
• We use the "Tomato" greenhouse correctly
• Which tomatoes are better for planting in a greenhouse?
• What plants do best in a greenhouse?

Every gardener dreams of growing cucumbers, peppers, eggplants with tomatoes, and onions and beans in their greenhouse. But will all these plants get along under one roof?

Compatibility of the main greenhouse crops - cucumbers and tomatoes

Cucumbers are a vine native to the humid tropics of India. This plant is very fond of warmth and abundant watering. The optimum temperature for growing cucumber seedlings is + 20-22 ° C. When ovaries appear, the temperature should be increased to + 25-28 ° C. What happens to tomatoes with such thermometer readings? Their flowers become sterile, that is, they simply do not form ovaries.

The ancestors of tomatoes came to us from South America. The main areas of their growth are located between the mountains and the Pacific Ocean. And from the ocean, as a rule, winds blow, preventing overheating of the soil and creating conditions for pollination of flowers. This means that "stagnant" humid air, which is so necessary for cucumbers and tomatoes, is simply contraindicated! Due to high humidity, their pollen clumps together and does not fall on the pistil. Therefore, "tomato" greenhouses need to be aired as often as possible.

The peculiarities of watering should also be taken into account. Cucumbers are watered only with warm water, abundantly and preferably over the leaves. They are "water-lovers", they love direct sprinkling. And we water nightshade crops at the root and relatively sparingly. The ingress of water on tomato leaves can quickly provoke late blight. So what do you do?

If you want to, you can grow cucumbers and tomatoes under one roof. But you have to create individual climatic conditions for each crop.

Some gardeners simply share the common greenhouse space with a polyethylene or tarp curtain. And they get two isolated compartments, in each of which, it seems to them, the necessary microclimate has been created. But this is a misconception: soil moisture in a common garden bed will be the same for both crops. And they need to be fertilized in different ways. Cucumbers are not demanding on the application of mineral fertilizers, with the exception of nitrogen-containing ones. Tomatoes, on the other hand, require abundant fertilization of phosphorus with potassium-containing fertilizers and a very moderate application of nitrogen. And with good watering, fertilizers mix quite quickly on the same bed. So draw your own conclusions - is it worth planting tomatoes and cucumbers in the same greenhouse.

Our task with you is to get the most bountiful harvest, and as early as possible. Therefore, we must ensure that our greenhouse space is fully utilized throughout the season. Set up separate "cucumber" and "tomato" greenhouses.

You can start growing cucumbers as early as April for an early harvest in June. To do this, in the "cucumber" greenhouse, you need to prepare "warm" beds. As early as fall, you can make organic bedding for them. We release the bed from the ground to the depth of one shovel bayonet. Cover the bottom of the cavity with a layer of fresh organic materials; layer thickness - at least 5-10 cm. For these purposes, you can use mowed lawn grass, fresh manure, chopped fallen leaves. We put fertile soil on the organic litter in a layer 25-35 cm thick. And in this form we leave the beds until spring.

In April, in order to defrost the soil, spill it abundantly with hot water with potassium permanganate or other disinfectants. Then we cover the bed with a dark non-woven material and leave it for a week. During this time, the bed will warm up both from above and from below (the lower heating will be provided by decaying organic matter).Having removed the fabric, we plant cucumber seeds, they must be dry. We put two seeds in each hole in order to choose the strongest from a pair of sprouts. Planting sites or the entire garden bed can be covered with plastic wrap.

Germination of cucumber seeds

I want to share with you my personal experience of germinating cucumber seeds. I cover each seat with a liter plastic bottle with a cut out bottom. The cover can be removed from it after the emergence of shoots - for airing. To maintain stable moisture in the soil, in the lid of another - liter - bottle without a bottom, I make small holes with an awl and bury it with the neck down next to the future plant. Then I pour water into it.

Now, when the soil dries out, moisture will evenly flow directly into the zone of the root system of the cucumber. After that, I build a "tunnel" from arcs over the garden bed and cover it with a double layer of white non-woven material. I disassemble this structure only in May, with the onset of stable warm weather.

We use the "Tomato" greenhouse correctly

"Tomato" greenhouse in early spring should not be idle. At this time of the year, cold-resistant root vegetables, salads, small onions and other greens can be planted in it.

Already in April, you can sow radishes. He is hygrophilous and loves loose soils. For sowing, we select only large, full-bodied seeds, better germinated. We put them in grooves at a distance of 0.8-1 cm from each other, maintaining a distance between the rows of 12-15 cm. To prevent the cruciferous flea and cabbage fly from damaging young plants, immediately after sowing we cover the radishes with plastic wrap or white non-woven material. After the emergence of seedlings, we thin out the plants. We leave the strongest at a distance of 3 cm from each other. Radish does not like thickening - it grows small and ugly. She is also demanding for watering. When the soil dries out, the roots become rough and bitter, and with irregular abundant watering, they crack.

Head lettuce is best grown through seedlings. We sow the seeds in boxes installed in the greenhouse to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. After 10-12 days, we dive the seedlings into pots. Seedlings are ready for transplanting within 28-30 days after sowing. Head lettuce is not afraid of light frost. It can be planted in the ground as soon as the soil is ready. To get high-quality heads of cabbage, plants in a row must be planted with a step of 20 cm; the distance between the rows is at least 25 cm. You can sow seeds directly into the ground. After 3 days after the emergence of seedlings, they must be thinned, leaving a gap between them of 5-6 cm. The second time the seedlings are thinned out in 2-3 weeks.

Thus, before planting tomato seedlings in the greenhouse in early May, we manage to get an excellent harvest of early vitamin vegetables.

Which tomatoes are better for planting in a greenhouse?

The answer is simple: of course, tall, which will give a big harvest. But while they are growing up, the empty upper space in the greenhouse can be filled. Plant low-growing, early-fruiting tomato varieties (such as the cherry family) in pots. They have a very compact root system. The space in a pot with nutrient soil is enough for growing them - provided three additional dressings. The first is carried out 10 days after planting the seedlings, the second - during flowering. And the third - when pouring fruits. Hang these pots from the roof of your greenhouse. Low-growing tomatoes will have time to give the first harvest before their tall counterparts grow.

What plants do best in a greenhouse?

Eggplants can be great neighbors for tomatoes. But since they like moisture, it is better to place them closer to the entrance or vents. Eggplants do not get along with other vegetables. But sweet peppers of various types are best planted in a "cucumber" greenhouse. Both of these cultures are very thermophilic, and the "water lovers" are the same!

I hope my advice will help you understand a little about the tricks of the home greenhouse.