How to properly grow persimmons at home?

Everyone knows that persimmon is a very healthy and tasty fruit. But few will be able to explain where and how it grows. You will learn about all this, as well as how to grow persimmons from seeds at home and get a harvest, from our today's article.

Grown persimmon from the stone at home bears excellent fruits

Persimmon is one of the favorite delicacies of the people of Russia. Especially a lot of it appears on the shelves in winter. Why in winter and where it is brought to us from - few know.

Where and how does persimmon grow?

In fact, there is no secret here. This large orange berry started growing in China. The oldest persimmon trees found there are about 500 years old. Then they began to actively grow it in Japan. And relatively recently (in the nineteenth century) it has become popular with us. Now persimmon trees grow in Europe, America, as well as in the Crimea and the Caucasus.

How does a persimmon tree grow in the garden?

Persimmon is a relatively small tree and very decorative in terms of its bright dark green or red (before falling off) leaves. The berries themselves are large and fleshy, with sweet pulp and an unforgettable aroma similar to the smell of apricot.

Trees bloom starting in May. Fruiting closer to November. That is why persimmon appears on our tables in winter, and in summer it is almost impossible to find it.

Productivity and varieties

The yield of this plant is very good. About 80 kg of fruit can be harvested from one ordinary tree. But the fruiting of some high-yielding varieties reaches more than 250 kilograms.

How does persimmon grow at home?

There are more than 200 varieties of persimmon. There are many different classifications and groups by which they are distinguished. For example, by taste; pollination; yield; by early, middle or late ripeness.

For our area, the most popular such hybrids of varieties are: Korolek, Gora Goverla, Meder, John Rick, Nikitskaya Bordovaya, Rossiyanka, Gora Roman-Kosh and others.

Growing persimmons at home. Proper plant care

Pitted persimmon at home - is it real? Quite. The main thing is to know and adhere to some rules - and then you will definitely succeed.

How persimmon grows at home photo of a young tree

The most important thing in the process of growing persimmons is to create the right microclimate, since this plant, in principle, is not whimsical, but categorically does not tolerate frost. If you are going to grow it on your personal plot, then when frost approaches, it is better to bring the tree into the house.

So, everything in order:

1. The first thing you need to do is extract the seeds from the fruit. Wash them thoroughly, dry them and plant them in a suitable pot. If you want the seeds to start growing as soon as possible, spray them with a growth accelerator before planting.
2. Place the seed pot in a warm place after wrapping it in cellophane. The first sprout can be seen in a couple of weeks.
3. When you see the sprout, place the pot on the windowsill. The persimmon will now begin to grow more confidently and vigorously.
4. When the fruit begins to grow out of its pot, you need to repot it immediately. Transplanting takes place about once a year, in the spring. An adult plant requires this process more often - once every three years.
5. With regard to circumcision. When the persimmon reaches about 1.5 meters, it is allowed to cut the crown in width and height.
6. In the summer, place your tree in a room that is warm, light, and free of drafts. Do not forget about constant watering and spraying. But do not overdo it - getting water in excess, the plant may die. In June, you can already watch your persimmon tree bloom. Now you can start feeding and fertilizing it. It is advisable to do this twice a month with nitrogen-free fertilizers.
7. For the winter, place the persimmon in a room with a temperature of at least 10 degrees.

Having grown persimmons at home, you can enjoy the first harvest in three years.

The healing properties of persimmons

It will now be easy for you to grow persimmons, knowing all the secrets of planting and caring for it, but do you know all its healing properties and how this wonderful fruit acts on your body?

Growing persimmons at home and its beneficial properties for the body

• One of the main substances contained in persimmons is magnesium. And, as you know, magnesium is indispensable for hypertensive diseases.
• Vitamin PP is excellent for treating depression, with a weakened immune system.
• Carotene strengthens the cardiovascular system, improves vision and skin condition. Carotene is also known as an antioxidant that prevents cancer.
• Potassium is indispensable for the diet of athletes and improves brain activity. Promotes the proper functioning of all human organs.
• Glucose and sugar strengthen the heart muscle, vitamin C - the walls of blood vessels.
• In addition to these vitamins, persimmon has a low acidity, which is useful for the gastrointestinal tract. And if you are struggling with varicose veins, bleeding gums, problems with digestion, the work of the gastrointestinal tract, liver - persimmon is an irreplaceable product for you.
• For a cold, dilute persimmon juice in warm water and gargle three times a day - the disease will recede.
• For diarrhea, take persimmon tea every four hours.
• Persimmons are also useful for pregnant women. By including a couple of fruits a day in your diet, you will increase immunity.

Persimmon has not only healing properties, but also quite effectively used in cosmetology, dietetics, has an anti-cellulite and anti-aging effect. And the healing properties of dried persimmon are no different from the properties of fresh ones.

Outcome:

Now you know how persimmon grows. By growing this tasty and healthy berry at home, you will provide yourself and your family with vitamins for a long time. Indeed, with proper care, the persimmon tree will bring a big harvest every year, for many, many years in a row.

Round orange persimmons are inedible until soft and ripe. Persimmon trees adorn country houses beautifully, where their bright globular fruits hang from the branches after the leaves fall until winter. To have your own attractive tree, gardeners will give advice on how to grow persimmons at home from a stone.

Where and how does persimmon grow?

All persimmons require very little specialized care and are fairly immune to problems and pests that can infect other fruit trees. All that is needed is a warm summer and a lot of sun, that is, the conditions as close as possible to those where persimmon grows in nature. In autumn, persimmon perfectly tolerates small frosts, but for the winter it is better to clean it in a greenhouse.

There are two common types of persimmons:

• an astringent soft strain that will be incredibly tart until ripe and completely soft like jelly. This variety is wonderfully sweet and ideal for baking;
• a non-astringent variety or tough persimmon that remains firm after ripening and is great for fresh consumption.

The climate where persimmons grow should be humid and warm, however, some varieties self-pollinate, some require pollen, and some bear fruit without a second tree.

Fruit tastes better on pollinated trees

Check this point if you are buying a seedling. Also, while there are several varieties of dwarf cultivars, you can easily prune standard trees to keep them within the desired boundaries.

Seed collection

The best time to harvest Asian persimmon seeds for planting is when the fruit is ripe but still on the tree. The harvest period varies from cultivar to cultivar and can run from early August to late December.

Seed stratification and storage

Asian persimmon seeds need a two to three month cooling period of 1 to 10 degrees Celsius before planting. This process, called stratification, softens the top layer of the seed and allows it to germinate. The seeds must be moist during the layering process. A good way to keep persimmon seeds moist is to place them between layers of moist peat moss in an airtight plastic bag. Remember to leave some holes in the bag to allow air circulation. You can also mix seeds with raw sand for stratification.

Planting persimmon seeds

In order for the Asian persimmon seeds to start growing, you will need a refined planting mix and a pot approx. 20 cm. A good way to determine the depth for planting a seed is to position it at a depth equal to the diameter of the seed.

Step by step guide:

1. Pick a ripe persimmon in late fall or early November, or buy it at the vegetable market. When ripe, the fruit becomes soft and takes on a bright orange hue.
2. Cut the fruit in half. Remove the dark raisin-sized seeds and peel them immediately, as they have a jelly-like shell that ferments them. Dry them by placing them in a dry paper towel for 48 hours.
3. Mix the seeds with a few handfuls of damp peat. Store in a sealed plastic bag in the refrigerator for up to two months. Keep the temperature between 2 and 5 degrees Celsius.
4. Choose a planting site with light, humus-rich soil and partial sun. Work to a depth of 20 cm. Make a small trench with a hoe or shovel edge. Water the trench well.
5. Remove seeds from refrigerator and soak in cool water for two or three days. Plant them at a distance of 30 cm from each other along the trench at a depth of 4 cm in the spring or early fall.
6. Thin the seedlings once in the first fall, leaving every 6th. One year after planting, healthy seedlings should be 20 cm tall. Thin them again for the second fall, leaving only the amount of persimmon trees you want to grow. Keep in mind that each mature tree can grow up to 1-1.5m in height.

The tools you will need:

• paper towels;
• peat;
• plastic bag;
• shovel or hoe;
• a bowl of water.

It is important that the soil around the seeds is moist during germination and early growth. Temperatures ranging from 21 to 23 degrees Celsius are well suited for this period.

Shoots and leaves

The shoot is expected to appear one to six weeks after planting the seeds. It is important that the soil is moist during seedling and seedling development. Keep your Asian persimmon seeds in a warm, sunny location during the first growing season. In the spring after germination, you can plant a new seedling in the garden. The best place to plant is in an area in the sun with well-draining, slightly acidic, sandy or loamy soil.

Recommendations for planting seedlings

To grow persimmons from seedlings, you need to use bare root seedlings, planting their cultivated land in the spring.Persimmons can also be potted almost all year round, although you should avoid the hottest summer months. Don't be surprised at black roots - this is their natural color.

Well-drained soil is always preferred, but persimmons, especially Japanese ones, are tolerant of a variety of soils.

How to plant

For bare-rooted plants, dig a planting hole that is about the same depth as the roots and twice as wide. Create a cone in the middle of the hole, which should be deep enough so that the crown of the tree sits directly above the soil line. Fluff the roots along the sides of the hole to stimulate root expansion. Set the tree back in place by spreading the roots around the cone and backfilling with soil.

For container-grown plants, dig a planting hole so that it is about the same depth as the root ball and twice as wide, and then flatten the bottom of the hole slightly. Then place the plant in the hole and fluff out the roots. Backfill with soil and create a small irrigated berm around the outside of the hole.

After planting, you can trim off excess branches to form a crown. Then water well and add mulch at least 7 cm from the trunk.

Persimmon care requirements

Persimmon is one of the strongest and most comfortable fruit trees

It requires some attention from you, but is not overly whimsical or problematic like some of the more popular fruits. Your most likely problem, especially in the first few years, is falling fruit. This can be corrected by consistent watering, you should spray the leaves and not overfeed the soil.

Watering

Asian persimmons are quite drought tolerant, but you will get the best fruits if you water them at least every few weeks. But do not overload the plant: the soil should be somewhat (although not completely) dry before the next watering. Hybrid persimmon varieties respond well to a regular watering schedule.

Top dressing

Fertilize Asian persimmons in late winter or early spring, as soon as the soil is suitable for work. Only do this if the tree is not growing well. Often it is just a matter of adding organic mulch to get development back on track.

Thinning

If the young tree is overloaded with fruit, the branches should be thinned. There is no reason to thin out if you can see that the tree is doing its job well.

Pruning

The Asian persimmon must have either an arbitrary shape without a central stem, or a modified central stem, from which all branches are directed. To form such a trunk, it is necessary to prune the branches for the first few years, consistently developing their preferred shape and removing any branches that are too long or short. After that, one should only maintain the shape with cosmetic circumcision, and also regularly remove diseased, dried or crooked elements. You can also trim the lower branches to raise the crown. Remove any side shoots around the base of the tree.

Pests and diseases

Birds will be tempted by bright and juicy fruits, but such a neighborhood can hardly be called a disadvantage. In humid climates, the tree can fall prey to anthracnose. Keep foliage dry and provide good air circulation. Remove and destroy affected branches.

Harvesting

Persimmon begins to bear fruit in 4-5 autumn after planting, you will find fruits on the trees even after the leaves fall. Collect the fruits from the top of the crown first, as they ripen most quickly. The rest of the fruit can hang until the onset of frost.

Harvest astringent varieties after they are fully ripe in the fall, when they are completely soft. If you need to harvest them earlier, wait until they are completely colored in their soft orange color, and then let them continue to ripen indoors in a cool place until they reach the desired softness level.

Astringent persimmon varieties ripen in early autumn, usually after the first good frost. Maturity is indicated by wrinkled skin and softness. It is possible to harvest a little ahead of time if the birds look at them, but to avoid astringency, have them fully ripen before eating.

Harvest the non-binding variety when it is ripe. Do a taste test and, for added safety, let the fruit rest for one or two days before eating.

Growing exotic plants at home in our time is not an exception, but rather the norm. Many are engaged in this, but not many know how to handle them so that they develop normally, and even give at least some kind of harvest. Grooming for persimmons is no different from grooming lemons, feijoa, figs, pomegranates, etc.

Growing at home

For the normal development of this plant, it is necessary to withstand the required temperature and humidity, both in summer and in winter. This is especially true for the winter period. For its overwintering, certain conditions are necessary: ​​the temperature is not more than +10 degrees, light is not required, but regular, although not abundant, watering is needed. For this, a basement or cellar may be suitable, if there are none, then you can insulate a balcony or loggia or use an unheated storage room. This period starts from the end of October and ends in the month of February. As for the rest of the year, it only benefits her, including the high summer temperatures. At this time, she feels good outdoors, where there is a lot of warmth and light.

Pitted persimmon. There is an opinion that persimmon seeds do not germinate well and need special processing before planting. For this purpose, many instructions and wishes have been written. But if it is decided to plant a bone of a freshly eaten fruit, then nothing of this is required. Their germination rate drops sharply during long-term storage, and only then it will be necessary to carry out "resuscitation" measures in order for the seeds to germinate. And so a bone is taken, sprinkled with earth, watered regularly, and after two weeks at most, you can see powerful shoots.

Top dressing and watering. In order for a young tree that has just appeared to grow successfully further at home, it needs to be watered and fed. It should be remembered that this is a tropical plant and needs tropical conditions. Only in this case, you can count on the harvest. Despite this, an ordinary persimmon can withstand frosts of 20 degrees, and its virgin form is even more than -40 degrees. It is best to water with soft (rain) water, but if you strained with this, you can soften the usual one by taking a handful of peat, wrap it in a rag and put it in a bowl of water overnight.

Persimmon prefers light and hard to tolerate heavy soils - this should be remembered when growing it at home. As for top dressing, persimmon feels fine on poor soils. Therefore, it is better not to feed her than to overfeed her. This applies to both mineral and organic fertilizers.

Transfer. In the process of growth, this tree needs to be replanted several times, so the volume of the root system increases. In the first year, when the seedling grows rapidly, it will have to be transplanted 2-3 times, the next year and up to 3 years of age - every six months; after 3 years - every year, and after 5 years of life - after a year. During the transplant, it is not recommended to immediately greatly increase the volume of the container. With each transplant, the diameter of the pot increases by no more than 3-4 cm.

Crown formation. Persimmon is a tree and can grow at home to large sizes. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to control its growth, while forming a compact crown. Usually, a spherical crown is formed. To do this, when reaching 35-40 cm of growth, pinch its top with lateral shoots.This is also done in order to limit the growth of this tree, resulting in a small compact tree with a spherical crown.

Fruiting and grafting. There are myths that it is impossible to get fruits from persimmon, growing it at home, and, therefore, why do this. But if you know some of the nuances of her agricultural technology, then this task becomes such a no longer difficult. The main conditions for obtaining a crop:

• Correct organization of wintering. It is at the time of wintering that persimmon lays the harvest of the next year. It requires cold wintering, despite the fact that it is a very thermophilic plant. The optimum temperature is 0 .. + 5 degrees. As you know, she calmly tolerates winter with frosts of -20 degrees.
• Constant inhibition of growth by shortening fast-growing shoots.
• Keep it on a "diet". In no case should you overfeed, as this will only cause its rapid growth.
• Graft the cuttings from the already fruiting persimmon. This will speed up the onset of fruiting.
• Growing a tree in a small amount of soil limits the development of a large root system. A disproportionate root system will contribute to an overdose of nutrients, and therefore the tree will grow sickly and frail.
• to accelerate the appearance of fruit buds, ringing of individual branches can be carried out, but, in no case, ringing of the trunk.

If you adhere to such recommendations, over time, you can enjoy the appearance of the first flowers, and with the onset of winter, pick the first fruits. This miracle can happen already in the third year of life.

Useful Uses of Persimmons

Persimmon contains many vitamins (C, PP, E, A), as well as a large amount of trace elements (potassium, phosphorus, iodine, copper, manganese, iron, calcium). Which, in turn, help with vitamin deficiency, scurvy, increase the number of red blood cells.

In addition, it has antibacterial properties and is able to neutralize various Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. With poor heart function, cardiologists prescribe it to remove excess fluid from the body. To reduce the burden on the kidneys, it is recommended to drink it with milk. It cannot be used in the treatment of atherosclerosis - a daily dose of about 100 g. It helps to calm down the nervous system, increases efficiency, helps to restore brain function in case of lesions and hemorrhages. In case of dysfunction of the thyroid gland, it helps the body by replenishing the lack of iodine.

Its fruits can be successfully used as a source of valuable sucrose and is recommended for the "Kremlin" and vegetarian diet. Persimmon is an integral part of salads, meat dishes and in the preparation of various desserts and drinks.

Main varieties

There are three types of persimmons:

Ebony - long-liver, persimmon, has other names - date plum, wild date, heartfruit. Could there be a pit persimmon potted crop? At home, the cultivation of exotic plants is possible, but it is associated with the observance of a number of conditions. A tropical plant requires a special microclimate throughout the year. In winter, the plant sheds its leaves, requires rest and a low temperature. The fruits of the home tree are healthy. Self-pollinated varieties Khachia and Jiro - to help the gardener.

How can you get planting material

More often at home growing, persimmon is obtained from the stone. It is important to choose a fruit from a self-pollinated variety. The berry must be ripe without damage. You cannot take frozen fruit, the seeds are no longer viable. If there are moldy leaves next to the fruit, the seed should be discarded. To keep the persimmon warm, you can hold it near the heating battery.

The removed seeds must be kept for 2 days in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Only drowned bones are suitable for sowing.Then carry out the treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator, stratification for 2 months at +50 C, after a week, hold them near the heating battery. Before sowing the seeds, file the hard ribs with sandpaper.

In parallel, you can sow a persimmon seed simply:

• eat the fruit and take out the seeds;
• immediately plant to a depth of 1.5 cm in a pot with loose soil, cover, put in a warm place;
• irrigate the surface from time to time, ventilate, the sprout should appear within two weeks.

You can buy a ready-made grown seedling in the nursery, it will not cost cheap. On your own seedling, you can vaccinate against fruiting domestic trees.

Requirements for sowing persimmons, care for seedlings

The soil for sowing seeds should be light and skinny. A mixture of sand and peat in equal proportions is suitable. At home, seed persimmons are germinated in a small container, covered from top to prevent evaporation. You cannot use a battery as a source of heat - the earth will dry out quickly. You need to build a mini-label. The sprouts are difficult to get rid of the halves of the seeds, you should help by moistening with a spray bottle and placing the pot in a polyethylene shell overnight. As soon as the seedlings give the first true leaves, they need to be planted, or left alone, the most powerful seedling. Transfer the plant to the prepared soil:

• meadow humus;
• peat;
• river sand.

To impart useful properties to the composition, you can add EM-1 Baikal to it, but only 2 weeks before planting.

At home, growing persimmon from a stone without transplanting can be carried out up to 3 months. The seedling grows quickly, filling a small container with roots. Each next pot should be 3-4 cm larger than the previous one. It is no longer possible - the free earth will turn sour. From the moment the side branches are formed, the tree should be pinched so that the branches bush, and the crown turns out to be spherical.

Growing persimmon from stone as an ornamental plant is available from any fruit. But you can only get a crop from a grafted plant. Inoculate persimmon with a small cuttings from a fruiting self-fertile tree. Such a scion can be taken in a botanical garden, in a nursery or from good friends. It is important that the tree is healthy. If grafted onto an annual seedling, fruiting can be expected in 5 years.

Agrotechnics of homemade tomato tree - persimmons

Growing persimmons at home is associated with the creation of "tropical" conditions for the plant. It means:

1. A potted plant needs a lot of diffused light, in spring and autumn with additional lighting for 2-3 hours. Persimmon cannot stand direct sunlight; on a clear summer day, the window should be covered with gauze.
2. In summer, the plant loves fresh air, but no wind, shaded.
3. You need to water the tree in small portions, without creating stagnation and dirt in the box.
4. Daily spraying on the leaves is required.
5. During the rest period, the tree sheds its leaves and can be stored at temperatures up to - 150. Usually, +5 -10 degrees in a dark underground, with periodic moistening of the earth clod, is enough.
6. During the growing season, moderate feeding, replanting or renewal of the upper layer of the substrate are required.

Home care for a persimmon from a stone to obtain a fruitful tree is associated with maintaining a balance of stressful conditions with favorable ones. This is how trees are forced to bear fruit in conditions unusual for them. Limited doses of fertilizers do not allow the vegetative mass to grow, otherwise the roots will not cope. On the other hand, artificial supplementary lighting and the absence of a draft is comfortable for persimmons. Regular crown formation inhibits the growth of the ground part and helps the roots.

How to water persimmon is a special science. If the tree stands in a bright room with a high temperature, the leaves dry out. It is necessary to water the plant with warm water more often, but do not create dirt in which there is no air, the roots are suffocating. Moderation is needed in everything.Watering cannot replace daily spraying, creating fog in the crown. Spraying on the leaves is carried out several times a day in hot weather. To increase the humidity, place an aquarium, saucer or tray with pebbles and wet moss near.

How to grow a persimmon from a stone - video in 3 parts