Best cucumber varieties ukraine

Cucumbers are one of the main vegetable crops in country and home gardening. They are grown both in open garden plots and in greenhouses. Cucumbers can also grow in the winter on the windowsill in the apartment. Accordingly, in order to collect a large and high-quality harvest of these delicious vegetables, it is necessary to choose the right cucumbers (varieties). For Ukraine, there are breeding developments that are suitable specifically for the regional climate of the country.

Current market trends show that gherkins are in great demand (Nezhinsky-13, Anyuta F1, Amur F1). The main preference is given to fruits that do not exceed 12 cm in length.

Breeders try to follow the requirements of the consumer and constantly monitor the market situation in Ukraine. Ultimately, the summer resident is offered the most productive varieties of cucumbers in Ukraine, which grow in small bushes, and the greens have an excellent taste.

Cucumber varieties for open ground in Ukraine

The peculiarities of climatic conditions throughout Ukraine are predisposed for the successful cultivation of such vegetable crops as cucumbers in open beds. Practically from April to October, you can harvest fresh cucumbers. Accordingly, the bushes of climbing plants need constant care (feeding, watering, garters on trellises).

The most favorable conditions for growing cucumbers are in the southern part of the country.The best varieties of cucumbers for the South of Ukraine are:

Also good early ripening varieties of cucumbers for the southern regions of the country are: Graceful, Salting, Katyusha F1, Debut F1, Aquarius.

Good varieties of cucumbers for open ground in Ukraine are also endowed with excellent qualities and properties. It was here that a very excellent variety was bred - Nezhinsky-12.

Zelentsy taste very good and have always been used not only for salads, but were also famous for their excellent taste in salted and pickled forms.

In addition to the Nizhyn variety, there are good cucumbers for the climatic conditions of the open ground of Ukraine:

Thanks to a review of the best varieties of cucumbers in Ukraine for open ground, every summer resident can choose the right type of vegetable for growing in their beds. In addition to the above, the varieties Murashka F1, Ksana F1, Korotyshka, Zozulya F1 are also very popular.

Cucumbers for greenhouses in Ukraine

Cucumbers, which can be grown in greenhouses, under certain conditions of a temperate climate, can also be grown in a vegetable garden. That is why most varieties are versatile.

These include:

In addition to the above, it is recommended to plant also cucumbers: Sunny, Spring, Exquisite, Friendly family.

The modern assortment of cucumber varieties is striking in its diversity. Here you will find all kinds of refreshing vegetables for delicious summer salads, and varieties that, even after conservation and long-term storage in cellars, do not lose their crisp properties. What kind of cucumbers should you give preference to and how to be able to grow them correctly?

Open ground varieties

It is noteworthy that the climatic conditions of Ukraine are conducive to the active cultivation of cucumbers in the garden. Most of all, this vegetable crop is suitable for the weather features in the south of Ukraine, however, almost all residents of summer cottages and rural regions of the country grow cucumbers in beds or greenhouses.

If you provide competent care for such a vegetable crop, and this process includes several stages (feeding, watering, gartering the stems), then you can harvest cucumbers from April to October, before the onset of severe cold weather. What varieties of cucumbers are good for the climate of Ukraine?

Nugget

This variety belongs to the bee-pollinated category. It is considered disease resistant and produces a bountiful harvest. The zelents of such cucumbers are small. By planting this crop at the beginning of spring, you will harvest your first crop early enough, since the nugget is an early variety of salad cucumbers. In addition, this vegetable will take its rightful place in your culinary collection, as it has decent taste.

Steppe

This option is one of the best for the southern regions of Ukraine, because it does not require a lot of water. Watering is necessary, but you can not do this too often. This variety gives fruit early, and for full pollination it will need the help of insects.

If most vegetable crops are recommended to be regularly fed with mineral fertilizers, then the Steppe cucumber is picky in this regard. In addition, it shows high resistance to various kinds of diseases.

Nezhinsky 12

Do you want a good cucumber harvest as a result? In this case, you should give preference to this variety. It belongs to the category of medium-ripe fruit crops, but with proper care, it gives a lot of fruits.

The bush grows large and spreading, besides, it weaves well. In most cases, a garter will be the right solution here. Interestingly, by choosing this crop for planting outdoors, you will get not only a prolific plant, but also a fairly resistant one. This kind of cucumber is not susceptible to diseases such as olive spot, bacteriosis, downy mildew and powdery mildew. This vegetable will also survive against a rather dangerous pest - a gray mite.As for the use of the fruits of this culture in cooking, it can be safely called universal: these cucumbers are used both for making salads and for pickling. By the way, this variety is able to preserve its taste even when preserved.

Salting

Pickled cucumbers are also recommended for planting outdoors. The plant bush itself does not differ in special size, but as for the stems, they are more of a spreading type. In the process of growing this culture, you can not do without pinching. Among the characteristic features of this variety of cucumbers is the demand for moisture.

It is recommended to water the vegetable regularly. Otherwise, the heat will negatively affect the taste of cucumbers, they acquire bitterness. After planting seedlings in the ground, you can harvest the crop stably, besides, the fruiting period is long. Interestingly, such cucumbers are perfect for pickling and pickling, so you will certainly appreciate their taste.

Parthenocarpics

These are self-pollinated cucumbers, which have good taste characteristics, while there is no bitterness at all. This variety is remarkable for its high yield level. The main advantage of these cucumbers is their insect independence. Indeed, recently there has been an active reduction in the population of bees, so a vegetable crop cannot always be pollinated in time with the help of insects. The best way out of the situation is a self-pollinating variety of cucumbers, so the popularity of this category in the field of modern vegetable growing is growing.

Hybrid F1 Zador

The best cucumber varieties in Ukraine include another parthenocarpic hybrid. This variety of vegetable culture is distinguished not only by decent taste (with no bitterness), but also excellent for pickling and salting. You will receive a generous harvest.

Interestingly, these fruits are perhaps the most successful option for pickling. The thing is that they have a rather thin skin, so the salt penetrates into the cucumber intensively.

But these are not all the advantages regarding salting. There are no seeds in the pulp of this green fruit, so no voids will form in them during the pickling process.

Video "Varieties of cucumbers for open ground"

From the video you will find out which varieties of cucumbers are great for open ground.

Greenhouse varieties

Sowing vegetable crops in greenhouses, which will need the assistance of bees for full pollination, is not an option. Experts recommend giving preference to self-pollinating varieties, because this way you will be sure of the effectiveness of your choice. Among the key benefits of such cucumbers is their versatility in the first place. This vegetable crop can be grown in greenhouse conditions both for pickling and for fresh consumption. At the same time, greenhouse cucumbers are transportable, and also show high resistance to various diseases. What types of greenhouse cucumbers are most suitable for Ukraine?

Smak F1

By planting cucumbers belonging to this variety in your greenhouse, you can get a harvest after 45 days. The fruits are considered to be very resistant to the negative effects of external factors, for example, diseases. They are not large in size, and are appreciated among vegetable growers due to their taste. They are very often used for pickling.

Tom Thumb

The fruits of this hybrid variety ripen early enough. In addition, this is another representative of self-pollinating cucumbers. Subject to proper care of this vegetable crop, you can, as a result, get 4-6 kg of fruits from one bush. A characteristic feature of the variety is the fact that you do not need to treat such cucumbers too abundantly and often with various protective agents, since they are very resistant to diseases.Thanks to a considerable list of advantages, this vegetable crop has become quite popular among experienced gardeners.

Herman F1

If you are looking for fruitful varieties of greenhouse cucumbers, you need to stop your attention on this type of vegetable crop. After about a month and a half, and possibly even earlier, you will be able to evaluate the first stage of the harvest. Interestingly, the cucumber fruits of this variety stand out for their good taste characteristics.

Even if the microclimate around is hot, this will not in any way affect the quality of the fruits, since bitterness is not inherent in them. The product turns out to be universal, due to the absence of bitterness in the taste, it is perfect for both light vegetable salads and for pickling.

Courage F1

This is another self-pollinating cucumber variety that actively grows and ripens very early. It braids, but does not grow too much. These cucumbers contain seeds, but in small quantities. In addition, there is no bitterness in the taste. Interestingly, this vegetable crop shows high resistance to various fungal diseases. Some farmers prefer to grow cucumber crops not only in greenhouses, but also outdoors. This is allowed with this variety, but keep in mind that the yield in this case will not be too high.

Masha F1

This variety is characterized by a high yield. The fruits ripen small, there are sweetish notes in the taste, besides, the cucumbers are crispy. This vegetable crop will take its rightful place on the dining table. It can be used fresh in cooking, but an equally interesting option is pickling these cucumbers.

Among the diseases that are not terrible for this culture, the mosaic virus, powdery mildew, and also cladosporiosis are distinguished. In general, the process of growing cucumbers at home is not so difficult. The main thing is to decide for what purpose and where exactly you are going to sow this vegetable crop. If you do everything right, know when to plant cucumbers for seedlings, how often to feed and water them, the results will certainly satisfy you.

Video "The best varieties of cucumbers"

In this video, an expert talks about the best varieties of cucumbers based on his own experience.

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The best varieties of cucumbers for open ground Ukraine

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Types of soil for growing cucumbers

"Spring" is a fruitful, bee-pollinated variety of pickling cucumbers. Fruiting earlier (48-50 days). Fruits weighing up to 120 g are of excellent commercial quality, there is no bitterness. However, this cucumber variety requires a pollinator variety. Grown both in the open field and in greenhouses.

First of all, it is necessary to plant varieties that are zoned in a given climatic zone. Some varieties of cucumbers can only be grown outdoors, others in greenhouses or greenhouses.

Cucumber sprouts

Alliance F1.

The best self-pollinated cucumber varieties for greenhouses

Weeding will ensure the normal development of the plant's root system. After the plant begins to appear from under the soil, the land must be cultivated from all kinds of weeds. This is a real headache in the first months of the plant's "life", since there can be really a lot of weeds.

Temperature conditions

"Hardening" of seedlings

Self-pollinated hybrid, with a predominantly female type of flower, making it one of the most popular and most productive varieties of cucumber. The early ripening vegetation period from the moment of germination to the first fruiting is 52-55 days. The plants are vigorous, the climbing ability is average. Up to 4-7 ovaries can be formed in one node. Fruits are medium, weighing 130-170 g, 12-16 cm long, elongated, often lumpy, green in color with lighter stripes and white thorns, not prone to overripening. With high taste characteristics, the grains are small, there is no bitterness. Resistant to major fungal diseases.

Another indicator when choosing seeds is branching. Plants with active stem formation are suitable for open planting, such as "Phoenix", "Phoenix 640", "Maryina Roshcha F1", "Chistye Prudy", the main feature of which is long-term fruiting, up to autumn frosts. A bountiful harvest and tasty greens without bitterness make them the favorites of those gardeners who prefer to pick cucumbers on the ground, rather than install trellises. The only requirement of these species is the allocation of a large space in which the stems will form.

Cucumber varieties

Having designated the criteria, it is easier to decide on the choice of specific types of seeds.

It is better to sow in the ground in the last decade of May or early June. Whichever plant is "hardened", a film should be applied, covering it at night to preserve the seedlings until the heat is fully set. Before planting, the seeds should be pre-soaked so that they swell and "hatch". This will speed up the process of emergence of the first shoots.

Cucumber is a vegetable that people enjoy eating raw and canned. Its growing season is quite short, so it is important for every gardener and farmer to know which cucumber seeds are the best for open field. The choice of seed directly depends on the composition of the land, the region where it will grow, and the climate.

"Courage F1" is an early maturing, self-pollinated hybrid (flowering type - female). The growing season for this hybrid is 50 days. The plant is vigorous, has 4-6 ovaries in a node. The fruit is dark green, with light stripes, weighing up to 130g and up to 15cm long. Frequently tuberous, with white thorns. There is no bitterness in the fruits, the quality of the taste is high. The variety is resistant to disease. Universal use, grown both in open ground and in greenhouse conditions.

Sowing cucumbers in the ground

Studying this article, you can get acquainted with the best varieties of cucumbers for open and closed ground, consider the concept of the yield of varieties, their characteristics, purpose (salad, pickling). Choosing from the varieties offered by the modern market, experienced gardeners still prefer varieties of cucumbers of domestic selection and those that are most adapted to growing in their region of residence.

Mid-season hybrid with excellent taste. The length of the cucumber can reach 15 cm, and the weight is up to 125 g. Up to 6 fruits can form in one ovary. The yield per square meter reaches 17 kg. The fruiting period begins after 50 days from planting in open beds. It is recommended to germinate the seeds before planting. After processing, the fruits do not lose their qualities, keeping the crisp structure. Therefore, many summer residents choose this variety for harvesting preserves for the winter.

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Variety selection criteria

After weaving occurs, the hassle will diminish, the gardener will only need to pull out tall weeds, and this is not so difficult.

• Features of soil type
• Although this hybrid is suitable for growing not only in a greenhouse, but also in the open field, in the second case, the yield of cucumbers is much lower.
• Many summer residents prefer to plant universal varieties that are suitable for salads, pickling and pickling. This type includes "Farmer", which is famous, in addition to excellent taste, high yield - up to 14 kg of fruits per 1 m2.
• Early maturing for sowing in open land include:
• Site preparation begins two weeks before sowing. The soil should be fertilized, for which you can use compost, manure or organic fertilizers. It is enough to scatter them in the chosen place, level them with a rake and leave them for several days.
• Seeds of cucumbers for open ground are selected based on the natural features of the area and the location of the garden.This plant is quite capricious, requires warmth, good moisture and loosening of the earth, does not tolerate the sun's rays, but its taste and useful properties more than cover all the time spent on care.
• "German F1" - one of the most popular high-yielding parthenocarpic hybrids of early maturing cucumbers (comes into fruiting in 45 days). The plant is vigorous. Fruit length reaches 12cm. Pubescence is white, color is dark green, cylindrical shape, bitterness is completely excluded. The hybrid is large tuberous, dense. Up to 6 fruits can form in one node. This plant is resistant to cladosporia, downy mildew and powdery mildew, as well as the cucumber mosaic virus. This cucumber is used for fresh consumption and processing. This hybrid is grown by seedlings. Planting pattern: 70 by 30cm.

Before you continue to study the best varieties of cucumbers, I recommend watching the following video, where the girl clearly and intelligibly explains which varieties of cucumbers are best sown in certain conditions and for what purposes.

Early ripening of cucumbers

Orpheus F1.

• Matilda F1.
• Timely harvesting should not be ignored either. The sooner you start harvesting ripe fruits, the better. The fact is that ripe cucumbers will interfere with the ripening of the young. This threatens to significantly reduce the amount of your harvest. When picking cucumbers, try not to damage the root of the plant, do not raise the leaves too much, as this threatens the death of the young. As you can see, caring for self-pollinated cucumbers is not so difficult, but how much joy will you get from the collected kilograms. Before buying seeds, carefully study the characteristics of the variety, and then you will surely get a really rich harvest! Happy experiments.
• What distinguishes self-pollinated cucumber varieties from bee-pollinated ones? Firstly, for the pollination process, firstly, the presence of invertebrate insects is not required. Secondly, self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers contain a pistil and a stamen, a few drops of water (dew) are enough and self-pollination will occur. And finally, thirdly, these types of plants are ideal, both for planting in open ground and for planting in a greenhouse. Self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers are the property of selection. Experts have done everything to maximize the yield of this type of cucumber. Indeed, from one square meter it is sometimes possible to collect more than 20 kilograms of the crop. But this is with proper care and soil processing.
• Hybrid gherkin type, parthenocarpic with super early ripening. Has flowers only of the female flowering type. The yield of cucumbers is very high. The number of lashes is average, the ovaries are formed in bunches. Fruits are small, up to 9-11 cm long. Dense, crunchy, sweeter, without bitterness. Ideal for pickling and pickling. Resistant to diseases such as mosaic virus, powdery mildew, cladosporiosis.
• Cucumbers for salads are distinguished by their soft and tender skin, juicy pulp and are loved by housewives for their rich aroma. These include "Nugget", which gives a large number of greens, suitable for salads and preservation.

"Aquarius" - has a high yield and is used both in salads and for pickling.

Mid-season cucumbers

Before planting, you need to make grooves or pits using a boot and treat them with a plant growth stimulator "Energen" at the rate of 2 capsules per 10 liters of warm water. The wells should be watered generously with the solution during sowing.

• Cucumbers grow on almost any type of soil, but are less capricious on light, fertilizer-rich, with good drainage and aeration. It should be remembered that you should not sow this vegetable in the same place more often than once every five years. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare the next planting ahead of time, adding organic fertilizers, which accelerate the ripening of beautiful fruits and improve their taste.
• The universal varieties of cucumbers include: Stork, Beregovoy, Vostok, Blagodatny, Golubchik, Druzhina, Duet, Dachny, Unity, Whale, Crane, Cruise, Libelle, Levina, Marinda, Pasamonte, Moravian gherkin, Regia, Seversky, Nightingale, Serpentine, Sagittarius, Farmer, Ussuriisky 3, Photon, Khabar, Squadron, Epilogue and many others.
• "Vyaznikovsky - 37" - an ancient, Russian, early variety of cucumbers (from the appearance of the first shoots to fruiting - 50 days). It is advisable to grow outdoors. It is characterized by an elongated ovary (up to 10 cm). This variety is universal: it is suitable for fresh consumption, as well as processing.
• This is a fairly early variety, you can harvest it as early as 38-42 days after sowing. From 1 m2 of area, you can collect up to 7 kg. fruits. One ovary contains about 5-8 cucumbers. The fruits themselves can reach a maximum length of 13 cm. Their weight ranges from 80 to 110 grams. Orpheus cucumbers have small tubercles.

Branching cucumbers

This is an early ripe hybrid. It is characterized by a spiny, rough surface and a cylindrical appearance. The bush is powerful, the leaves are medium. One ovary can grow 7 cucumbers. The mass of one fruit is 110 gr. Zelentsy have a beautiful standard shape (up to 10-12 cm), even. We harvest the plant up to 45-50 days.

Selecting a variety for its intended purpose

Every person who is engaged in the cultivation of garden crops tries to get a high-quality harvest, apply the best technology, and introduce a novelty. Cucumbers are no exception. Among several varieties, it is the self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers that should be distinguished.

When choosing a variety of cucumbers, the gardener needs to decide: for what purposes the vegetable will be used. For canning, it is better to pay attention to "miniature" varieties of cucumbers, such as "Nezhen", while "vegetable giants", for example, "Stella" or "Korolek", are suitable for salads. So, self-pollinated is a real find for the gardener. Today, this type of cucumber is grown not only indoors, but also outdoors. The main advantage of such plants is the process of self-pollination, but this will in no way affect the excellent taste that you get.

When choosing varieties for open ground, it is worth paying attention not only to which cucumbers are the most productive, but also their zoning, the need for light and heat conditions, resistance to fluctuations in daily temperatures and diseases. Otherwise, even fruitful varieties of cucumbers will develop poorly and bear fruit, or shed flowers without forming ovaries.

Cucumbers for pickling in barrels usually have a denser rind, which is gradually soaked in the brine. This helps to maintain their crispy quality.

List of the most productive varieties of cucumbers

"Vyaznikovsky" cucumbers bear fruit for a long time, have neat fruits and are suitable for salting in barrels.

Greenhouse varieties

Seeds of cucumbers for open ground, reviews of gardeners confirm this, it is better to throw 3-4 pieces at a distance of 10 cm from each other in one hole. After emergence, they must be thinned out and strong stems left for further growth. Each plant can be covered with a jar for the first week to protect it from the night's cool.

Planting sprouts in open ground speeds up the first harvest of the week by two. This plant is capricious, so self-pollinated cucumber seeds for open ground are suitable for seedlings. These include the varieties "Boy with Finger F1", "Cupid F1", "Lesha F1", "Magnat F1", "Pasadena F1" and other parthenocarpic species. These hybrids have mainly female flowers, do not require the presence of bees for pollination and are unpretentious.Shape and size are not the only features that distinguish between hybrids and varieties of cucumbers. The pubescence (prickly) of the fruit is sometimes completely absent, and sometimes it is quite thick.Thorns, depending on the variety, can be small or large. They also vary in color (brown, black, white)."Competitor" is a fruitful, early ripening, pickling variety of cucumbers. Resistant to bacterial spotting, powdery mildew. The fruit weighs 120-130g. This variety of cucumbers is recommended to be grown in greenhouses, in the open field.

Fervor F1.

Zozulya F1

Zozulya F1

Herman F1

As practice shows, these cucumbers do not require special care. It is enough only to provide them with a good air humidity regime, access to a large amount of sunlight and nutritious soil. That is why self-pollinated cucumbers began to be found more often on closed garden farms.

Courage F1

But what is the reason for the increased demand for self-pollinated cucumbers? First of all, such plants perfectly tolerate unfavorable weather conditions. They are characterized by increased resistance to sudden changes in temperature. In addition, they have a strong "immunity", so they are not afraid of common plant diseases.It is one of the most productive cucumbers for outdoor cultivation. Bee-pollinated, medium ripening. The bush is tall, long-leaved, spreading. Resistant to many diseases such as olive spot, bacteriosis, downy mildew and powdery mildew, as well as pests such as gray mites. Fruits are medium-sized, weighing 115-150 g, 13-14 cm long, elongated, ovoid, black-thorn, large-lumpy, the skin is not dense, does not turn yellow for a long time, the flesh is crispy. With high taste. Ideal for pickling.

Masha F1

When choosing seeds, you need to focus on the desired end result, taking into account the local field conditions.

For open ground

"German F1" is resistant to diseases and is recommended for those areas where cucumbers have already grown and hurt. Also, it should be planted if diseases overwhelm neighboring lands for greater safety of the crop. This hybrid species is good for conservation.

Nezhinsky 12

To understand which good seeds for open ground to buy, you need to consider several important properties of the plant:

Open field cucumber seeds need to be prepared before planting them for seedlings. Since the stems of the plant are very delicate, it is recommended to “harden” them and protect them from pests. Many gardeners and farmers prefer to buy hybrid varieties, but if the seed is not one of them, then it is better to take precautions.

Gourmet

Cucumbers with white thorns are usually salad-type cucumbers. They are not suitable for pickling. It is the cucumbers that have white thorns that come to our shelves from greenhouses at any time of the year. Even on the long, smooth fruits of the cucumber, you can see white, sparse thorns.

Madam

Cucumber "Kustovoy" is an early ripening and fruitful variety of cucumbers. The form of plants is bushy. The cucumber tastes excellent. From germination to fruiting - 55 days. This variety is universal. Growing outdoors is preferred. Cucumber "Kustovoy" is an early bee-pollinated variety for open ground. Has flowers of the female type. The length of the juicy green fruits is 9-12cm. The variety is versatile and suitable for fresh consumption, and for salting or canning.

Salting

An early hybrid for open ground, the harvest of which can be harvested as early as 35-38 days. Outwardly, it looks like a cylindrical large-tuberous gherkin. About 5 cucumbers are formed on one ovary. From 1 sq. m are collected up to 6 kg. fruits. Variety Zador is resistant to diseases and a changeable climate. Ideal for pickling, after processing it retains its elasticity and crunchy structure well. Zelentsy are small enough (about 10 cm), so they look great in a jar.

Video "Varieties of cucumbers for greenhouses and open ground"

...The best self-pollinated cucumbers for indoor use. The maximum weight reaches 300 grams, the length is about 25 cm. The surface of the cucumber is mostly smooth and has an excellent presentation. The shape is even, without bends. You can try the first greens in 40 days. This variety is excellent for canning.

The best varieties of self-pollinated cucumbers for open ground

What are self-pollinated cucumber varieties? The clue lies in the name itself. The peculiarity of these cucumbers lies in the structure of their body - they have in one flower both a pistil (male principle) and a stamen (female component). The presence of such a structure implies the process of self-pollination, independently creating fruits with seeds.

Features of self-pollinated cucumbers

Patty. This is a novelty in the seed market. The harvest always comes out very generous about the rich, and all thanks to the presence of the female type of flowering. Fruits are small, covered with pimples. This is a great option for preserving and salting. Patti is resistant to stress and adverse conditions.

• Requires fertile soil with high aeration. Planting density - no more than 3-4 plants per 1 sq. M.
• Every gardener is puzzled by the question of how to grow a good harvest of cucumbers. There are today a very large number of hybrids and varieties. They differ in terms of ripening, growth patterns, taste characteristics and fruit sizes. However, a guaranteed, high yield will allow you to get only a competent, correct choice. Let's try to figure out in this article which varieties of cucumbers are the most productive and popular among amateur vegetable growers and farms.
• "Kumanek F1" is an early bee-pollinated variety suitable for arid areas or vegetable gardens without regular watering. It also "feels" well in cool and wormy summers.

The choice of a variety is carried out depending on climatic conditions: for a short summer, these are early ripening cucumbers, for a long and hot one - later species;

For this, self-pollinated cucumber seeds for open ground are pre-soaked in a weak solution (2 g per 200 ml of water) of potassium permanganate. The water should turn out pink. They should be kept for up to 30 minutes, then wrapped in gauze and rinsed for several minutes under running water. This will strengthen the future plant in front of an aggressive external environment.

The most popular varieties of self-pollinated cucumbers

Brown or black thorns are a sign of a versatile or pickling type of cucumber. Most often, these varieties and hybrids are intended for growing outdoors or in greenhouses. Such fruits are consumed fresh, salted and pickled. However, these varieties of cucumbers also have a drawback: they quickly overripe, turn yellow, and become rough. Again, I recommend taking a break from reading and watching the following helpful video on how to choose the right cucumber varieties.

Top 5 most popular self-pollinated cucumbers

"Zozulya" is an early ripening parthenocarpic variety of cucumbers. The period from germination of these cucumbers to their fruiting lasts about 48 days. The degree of susceptibility of this variety to white and root rot is medium. The plant's upliftness is weak. The length of the main lash is medium. The leaves are green, round-pentagonal, medium-sized. The ovary is cylindrical in shape with a slightly lumpy surface. Zelenets of this variety has a smooth base. Pubescence is rare, white. The length of the cucumber reaches 23cm, and the weight is up to 290g. The fresh fruit tastes good. This variety is distinguished by early and friendly fruiting. These cucumbers are recommended to be grown in greenhouses.

There are many more varieties that are intended for outdoor cultivation. Every summer resident can find a suitable option for himself (mid-early cucumbers Gerda and Druzhnaya Semeyka, early varieties of Muromets, Connie, Masha, as well as Opera, Alex, Melody conrishons).

Son-in-law

Very often you can hear the question - which cucumbers are better: self-pollinated or bee-pollinated, and what place do parthenocarpic ones take in comparison with self-pollinated varieties?

Kinglet. This is an early variety of cucumber, very pleasant to the taste. With proper care, the gardener will harvest up to 20 kilograms of the crop. The fruits are long and large. The ideal variety of salad cucumber. The taste is fresh, without bitterness. The kinglet is not prone to various diseases.

Another popular, early maturing variety. Bushes vigorous, powerful, with long lashes, require shaping and pinching. Fruits are not prone to overripe and do not turn yellow, leveled, small tuberous, elongated, cylindrical in shape. Weighing 116-140 g, 11-13 cm long. The skin is not dense, dark green in color. The pulp is crispy, dense, with a high sugar content, the seed chamber is small. They are versatile in processing, well suited for salting and salads. Fruiting is amicable and abundant. The variety is resistant to major fungal diseases. Tolerates short-term cold snaps well. Also requires fertile soil with good drainage. Seeds are buried in ridges to a depth of 1.7-2.5 cm at the end of May, then leaving no more than 3-4 plants per square meter.

For cultivation in greenhouses, as a rule, F1 hybrids are used, less often specially bred for this variety. They have compact bushes with short lateral lashes and do not need pinching. In this case, the most common question, which cucumbers are the most productive, disappears by itself, since hybrid varieties are distinguished by high fruiting and resistance to many diseases.

Features of caring for cucumbers

"Siberian Dvorik F1" gives the fastest germination, early harvest and long-term fruitful season. It is popular with housewives for pickling and canning. Its rind gradually passes the brine, which gives a uniform and moderately rich taste.

The duration of the fruiting of the plant;

The next step is for them to germinate. To do this, open field seeds can be spread on a slightly dampened piece of cotton cloth, covered with another dampened material, such as gauze. Within 2-3 days they will "hatch", and during this time the fabric should be periodically moistened with water. It is important not to pour them in and keep them in a warm place.

When growing cucumbers in the beds, it is recommended to separate salad varieties from universal and pickling varieties. It will be better if they have different ripening times.

"F1 Moravian Gherkin" - medium-ripening cucumbers. This hybrid is grown both outdoors and in greenhouses. Pollinated by bees. The fruit reaches a length of 8-10 cm, has no bitterness. A variety of universal use. It is consumed fresh, it is also suitable for salting and canning.

Breeders are constantly improving their developments, as a result of which new varieties appear on the shelves of gardening shops that have unique properties (Vesna, Herman, Ant, Claudia). It is these varieties that are universal, they are suitable for any type of cultivation (greenhouse, vegetable garden).

F1

It should be noted that along with parthenocapric and bee-pollinated cucumbers, self-pollinated cucumbers are considered more productive. In connection with the technology of reproduction of vegetables of this type, the probability of germination and the guarantee of the appearance of fruits is much higher than other types.

Video about growing self-pollinated cucumbers:

High-yielding variety of gherkin type, super early ripening period, vegetation period 43-48 days. The plant is bee-pollinated, with a predominance of female-type flowers, vigorous, with long lashes. Requires the formation of a bush by pinching over 2-3 leaves. The arrangement of the ovaries is bundle, up to 5-7 in one node. Fruits are short, no more than 10-13 cm long, weighing 70-85 g, oblong-cylindrical, small and often tuberous, dark green with light small stripes.Do not turn yellow, do not outgrow, bitterness is excluded, white-thorn. The skin is thin, delicate. Fruiting is abundant, amicable. Recommended for use in salads or lightly salted, less often used for preservation. Resistant to major diseases.

In a greenhouse, zoning of plants is not so important, however, for growing in regions such as the Moscow region, Siberia or the Urals, it is worth choosing cold-resistant plants that consistently bear fruit even under insufficient light.

These descriptions fully confirm the reviews of gardeners that they leave.

Self-pollinating varieties of cucumbers for greenhouses

Taste of fruits and their purpose - salting or salads;

In order to "guess" the timing of growing sprouts, you should know approximately when the temperature of the earth warms up to +15 - 16 degrees. If it is the end of May, then the seeds of open ground cucumbers are planted at the beginning of the month. The plant is very sensitive to cold, so transplanting is stressful for it. Even if the ground warms up enough during the day, it is better to "wrap" the sprouts in a film at night.

Early varieties ripen quickly and yield a harvest. However, later varieties of cucumbers are more resistant to diseases and bear fruit for a long time.Cucumber "F1 Connie" is an early maturing, productive parthenocarpic hybrid. The plant has an average number of lashes, the formation of ovaries is bundled. The fruit has white thorns, not bitter, cylindrical in shape. It is a versatile variety that is disease resistant.

• Herman F1.... These are early ripening cucumbers of the gherkin type. The main characteristics include their excellent juiciness and crunchy structure. The fruits are small enough (up to 10 cm). The surface of the vegetable has a white-thorny tuberous appearance. One ovary can have up to 12 fruits. Fruiting begins in 43-48 days. It is mono to collect up to 7 kg from one bush. cucumbers.
• Such cucumbers have different characteristics and taste, therefore breeders have bred varieties that are good for eating in their natural form (the so-called salad options), as well as special varieties for pickling and pickling.April. Salad variety of cucumbers. The first crop can be harvested at the beginning of June. Shows good resistance to sudden temperature changes. "Not afraid" of drought and excellent resistance to plant diseases.
• Popular, early maturing (52-55 days), bee-pollinated variety. The plant is medium-sized, long-leaved, of a mixed type of flowering. Requires pinching. Fruits are medium and small, weighing 115-135 g, up to 12-14 cm long, not prone to overripe. In a hot period, with a lack of moisture, they can taste bitter. Large tuberous, cylindrical, elongated, green, with light stripes and black pubescence. Cucumber yield is high, stable, fruit bearing is extended. Recommended for pickling and pickling. The variety is resistant to short-term cold snaps and diseases such as downy mildew, mosaic virus. It tolerates daily temperature changes well.It is also preferable to choose parthenocarpic or self-pollinated varieties. High-yielding cucumber varieties pollinated by bees require additional care during flowering, otherwise the flowers will fall off without forming ovaries.These types include:
• The size of the cucumbers;To obtain strong seedlings, it is advisable to plant each seed in a separate, preferably paper, cup, peat tablets or pots. There must be enough lighting to keep the stems from pulling up too quickly. For this, a window sill on the sunny side of the house is suitable, and if this is not possible, then fluorescent lamps should be used. It is also necessary to ensure that the soil or peat is sufficiently moist, but do not flood them with water. Humidification is carried out 1 or 2 times a week, depending on the air temperature in the house. Better if in the daytime indoors +18 or higher, and at night +14, +15 degrees.A couple of weeks after sowing, two strong leaves will appear on the stem, then they, together with a glass or peat pot, can be transplanted into the ground.

The cucumbers you choose to grow must be resistant to weather conditions as well as diseases that are common in your area.

Self-pollinated varieties of cucumbers for open ground

Cucumber "F1-Masha" is the earliest parthenocarpic hybrid. The length of its fruits ranges from 8 to 11cm. The variety is versatile. This hybrid is resistant to major diseases, such as cladosporia, powdery mildew, cucumber mosaic virus. It is intended for cultivation both in the open and in the closed ground.

• The best of them is the Herman F variety. It belongs to the early maturing over-yielding varieties of the gherkin type. Herman cucumbers were bred by Dutch breeders. Zelentsy taste very good, there is absolutely no bitterness in them. These are the best self-pollinated cucumbers for pickling and salads. Fruits can reach a standard 12 cm in length and up to 80-90 grams. weight. 5-9 fruits are formed on one ovary. The peculiarity of the variety is its resistance to various diseases (cucumber mosaic, cladosporiosis, powdery mildew, late blight).Emelya F1
• The early self-pollinated cucumbers have a delicate juicy filling, while the later ones are tougher and drier. In mid-season varieties, a certain rigidity and tenderness of taste are more balanced.Stella. A hybrid with a female flowering type. Differs in increased productivity. The fruit is a great option for pickling and preserving. The appearance of the cucumber resembles the variety "Nezhen", but its main difference is small pimples, which provide additional crunch.
• This video tells which cucumbers are the most productive, how to choose a variety for your site, what fertilizers are needed for stable fruiting.To do this, either provide insects with free access to plants, or, if the size of the greenhouse allows, place bumblebee evidence.

"Lord F1" is a bee-pollinated species that gives high yields and is resistant to diseases such as downy mildew. Has neat fruits 10-12 cm long, which are good for pickling and salting in barrels.

Universal self-pollinated cucumber varieties

Self-or bee-pollinated varieties;

If you think about which cucumber seeds are the best for open ground, then you should look at self-pollinated species, and also decide on the ripening time. This directly depends on the climatic characteristics, the length of the season and the location of the site. The short summer period requires a different approach to planting and caring for plants than in early spring or warm times until mid-September.If the variety is parthenocarpic (female flowering type), then a pollinator must be planted with it. Otherwise, the selected variety will not give the expected results - it will bloom profusely, and few fruits will be tied. In addition, parthenocarpic varieties are usually grown in film shelters or greenhouses. If these varieties are pollinated by bees, then the fruits will be ugly and twisted. Therefore, you should refrain from growing these varieties outdoors, unless there is an indication that they are suitable for this purpose.

Cucumber "F1 New Nezhinsky" is a fruitful, early ripening, bee-pollinated hybrid of the pickling type. The fruit has a fruit length of 8-10cm, without bitterness. The plant forms long lashes. The variety is excellent for outdoor cultivation and greenhouses. It is one of the best pickling varieties.

Cucumbers are a valuable food product that has gained well-deserved popularity among the population of various countries on our planet. In this article, we will look at the best varieties of cucumbers that are suitable for certain conditions and needs.But don't forget, picking a good variety is not all, cucumbers still need to be grown, so be sure to read the following articles: Growing Cucumbers Indoors and Growing Cucumbers Outdoors.

... An early widespread variety. The plant will delight the first harvest in a month after germination. From 1 sq. 15 kg can be collected. cucumbers. The average mass of greenery is 120 grams, length - 15 cm, has an oblong shape with a smooth surface. There are slight bumps on the skin of the cucumber. Has a high resistance to disease. Due to its excellent taste, it can be eaten in any form.

The cultivation of self-pollinated cucumbers can be organized both in closed ground (greenhouses, hotbeds, on the windowsill, on the balcony) and in open beds.

Prestige. The real "king" of cucumbers. Up to 20 kilograms of the crop can be harvested from one square meter. The fruits are pleasant to the taste, they do not taste bitter and retain their graceful appearance for a long time. Differs in long-term fruiting potential. With proper care, the gardener will be able to harvest before fall.

List of the best varieties of cucumbers

Fans of gardening know that today there are two types of cucumbers - self-pollinated and bee-pollinated. The former are most often planted in closed areas, since they do not need invertebrates for the pollination process. The most important advantage of self-pollinated cucumbers is an early and fairly significant harvest.

Consider the well-proven and most productive varieties of cucumbers for greenhouse conditions.

"Farmer F1" is suitable for gardeners whose plots are located in a rather cool climate or on the north side. Gives a plentiful and long-lasting harvest with greens up to 12 cm, suitable for pickling.

Disease resistance;

If the vegetable garden is on the north side, then the best cucumber seeds for open ground are from the colder regions of the country. It can be "Farmer", early "Altai", "Admira F1", "Bidrett F1". They are distinguished by increased resistance to the external environment, good yield and excellent taste. Even if the summer is cool, they will delight you with abundant crispy fruits.

It is a well-known fact that after many years of experimentation, the genetics of the United Arab Emirates produced cucumbers with square fruits, which are convenient both for storage and for transportation. They say that the taste of such cucumbers does not differ from ordinary ones.

Cucumber "F1 Champion" is a hybrid for open and closed ground, which gives a very high yield. Early variety, parthenocarpic. The fruits are rather large, lumpy. Very well suited for canning. This hybrid is resistant to many diseases.

When choosing cucumbers for greenhouse cultivation, you can absolutely not think about anything else, except for the convenience and high yield of these wonderful vegetables. However, if we are talking about growing cucumbers in the open field, then in this case the most important factor is their zoning (for each region there is one or another variety of cucumbers). It is on this factor that not only the degree of yield depends, but also the question of how cucumbers of this variety will sprout and whether you will grow at all. It should be noted that the farther north your region is, the more important it is for the variety you are growing in the garden to be zoned (local). Few varieties grow equally well in the south and north.

These are not all self-pollinated varieties intended for greenhouses.

Since greenhouses are a kind of greenhouses, the access of bees for pollination is very low. It is for this reason that self-pollinated cucumber varieties are chosen for greenhouses.

Expert advice: Carefully study the type of soil and climatic conditions. Self-pollinating cucumbers, of course, have a stable "immunity", but if you ignore care, you can completely forget about a good yield.

The choice of self-pollinated cucumbers today is not only great, but huge. When choosing a variety of cucumbers for planting outdoors, you need to take into account many different factors, including:

Parthenocarpic, early maturing hybrid. The first fruiting begins just 42-48 days after planting. The upliftness of the bushes is weak. The leaves are bright green, pentagonal, rounded, medium in size. Ovaries with slightly lumpy surface, cylindrical in shape. Zelenets with a smooth base, sparse, white pubescence. One of the most productive cucumbers among hybrids. Flowers with a predominance of the female type. Fruit weight reaches 250-320 g, with good taste characteristics. Fruiting is amicable, abundant. Has an average degree of susceptibility to root and white rot, resistant to fungal diseases, cucumber mosaic virus and olive spot. Cucumber is versatile in processing, used for salads and pickling.

"Regina F1" pleases with the first harvest 50 days after planting, has neat tasty fruits that are used for salads.

Immunity to external unfavorable conditions - drought, cold, lack of regular watering.

How to choose the best variety.

Open field cucumber seed varieties can be early, mid and late. Of the "early" ones, the most popular is "Muromsky", as it gives a harvest already in 35-40 days.

Having carefully studied the varieties of cucumbers proposed above, as well as following our recommendations for growing, you will certainly find a variety or hybrid of this vegetable that suits you and you will be able to delight yourself and your family with beautiful, crispy green fruits grown on your site.

"Phoenix - 640" is a bee-pollinated variety of female type of flowering and late ripening. The lashes are long, branched. The fruits are large, crispy, without bitterness, do not turn yellow for a long time. The variety is resistant to major diseases, universal use. Consumed fresh, suitable for processing. Fruiting until the onset of frost.

Video on how to choose a variety of cucumbers

There are a huge number of varieties of cucumbers, but only the correct, competent choice of varieties will allow you to get a good harvest and satisfaction from the work performed.

Today, self-pollinated varieties of cucumbers for open ground are very popular among summer residents. They must have such characteristics as resistance to temperature extremes, excessive humidity, as well as to gusts of wind. They bring a higher yield and provide an almost 96% chance of ovary formation. The best varieties of self-pollinated open field cucumbers are:

Some skeptics believe that greenhouse self-pollinated cucumbers do not have the qualities that fruits grown in the open field have. This is wrong. Even more can be said - they not only do not lose their basic properties, but also give a higher yield several times (ratio 10: 3). What is the reason for this? There are no negative factors in the greenhouse (no winds, no cold weather, no drafts), which are typical for open ground.

Like any other type of garden plant, cucumbers require a kind of care. The most important thing is not to forget about timely watering, weeding and harvesting. It is known that the fruits of cucumbers are 99% water. This means that they plant will require timely watering. Remember that it is necessary to engage in "bath procedures" after sunset. So, you will make sure that the leaves do not turn yellow, and the cucumber does not contain the characteristic bitterness.

Climate

It is also one of the most productive cucumbers. Parthenocarpic hybrid, super early ripening, after germination, fruiting begins after 42-45 days. The bushes are vigorous, but the climbing ability is weak.Fruits are medium, weighing up to 125-180 g, 11-12 cm long, not prone to overripe and not bitter in the hot summer period, dark green in color with sparse white pubescence, elongated, cylindrical, dense, crunchy, large tuberous. 4-6 fruits are formed in one node. They are versatile in processing - they are well suited for pickling or pickling, and since bitterness is completely excluded for this hybrid, Herman is the best choice for salads. Differs in high resistance to diseases such as cladosporia, downy mildew, mosaic virus.

"Marinda F1" is recommended for lovers of crispy cucumber. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases, has a high yield, and is perfect for pickling and preservation.

Cucumber is a crop that is grown in every personal and suburban area. Zoned varieties are created for each region. In Ukraine, thanks to the warm climate, amateur gardeners grow excellent harvests. But even for this warm region, it is important to choose the right varieties of cucumbers so that they bear fruit perfectly in a warm and sometimes arid climate.

Open field cucumbers

Cultivation of cucumbers without shelter is practiced in all climatic zones of the country. The plant is demanding on the surrounding conditions, therefore it is sown no earlier than the soil warms up to + 12 ... + 15 ° С and the threat of spring frosts passes.

In the north of Ukraine, there is a belief that cucumbers are best produced if they are sown on St. Gregory, that is, on the day of St. Gregory the Victorious.

Table: sowing dates for cucumbers in different climatic zones of Ukraine

In order to have a fresh harvest of early-ripening salad varieties in the middle and late summer, an additional sowing of the crop is carried out starting from mid-June.

Sowing cucumbers: different ways

There are several ways to sow seeds. Each of them has many supporters and opponents, so a novice gardener should try everything and choose the one that is more suitable for himself:

1. Wells. Pits 20-30 cm deep and about 20 cm wide are dug. They are filled with compost soil with the addition of complex fertilizer (1 tablespoon per 5 liters). 2-3 seeds are placed in this well-moistened mixture. The distance between the holes is 50x50 cm for bush varieties and 60x70 for vigorous ones. If the cucumbers are grown on a trellis, the holes are made more often, after 20-30 cm.
2. Rows. The furrow is 8-10 cm deep, the row spacing is from 70 cm to 1 m, depending on the size of the plot (sometimes you have to save space). Furrows are generously shed with water. Seeds are sown at a distance of 15–20 cm from each other. You can add complex or potash fertilizer, superphosphate (10 g per 1 m2) to the groove. Cucumbers tend to accumulate nitrates in fruits, so fresh manure is not added during spring planting.
3. Garden beds. The method differs from planting in rows in that on a previously dug and fertilized bed there are 2 furrows at a distance of 30 cm from each other, the distance between the beds is about 70 cm.

The seeds are sprinkled with a thin (no more than 2 cm) layer of loose soil and lightly slapped with the palm of your hand. On top of the holes and grooves are not watered so that a soil crust does not form.

Sowing cucumbers in straw is interesting: a trench about 30 cm deep and wide is filled with well-rotted straw, organic kitchen waste, sprinkled with a layer of humus 5–8 cm, watered abundantly, fertilized with complex fertilizer and cucumbers are sown according to the standard scheme. The straw, in which natural decomposition processes continue, simultaneously provides heat, nutrients and the carbon dioxide necessary for the development of cucumbers.

Heat-loving cucumbers feel great on a heated bed with biofuel

Often gardeners use other types of warm beds, where natural fuel, located at a depth of 60-70 cm, is autumn rotted leaves, manure, green mass (tops, stems of garden crops), food waste, that is, everything that can rot and give warmly. Planting weeds as fuel is prohibited because their seeds are tenacious. The bed can be raised above ground level, in this case, a frame is made of boards or slate.

Straw and warm beds are arranged for several years, therefore they are made in those places of the site where plowing is not carried out. Since the alternation of crops in such conditions is not always possible to carry out and the likelihood of the accumulation of pathogens and pests in the soil is high, the soil should be regularly disinfected. The easiest way: shed furrows before sowing with potassium permanganate solution (2 g per bucket of water). In autumn, after harvesting, the soil is sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate at the rate of 1-2 tbsp. on a bucket of water. For 1 m2 of the garden, 1 liter of solution is consumed.

If the area of ​​the garden allows, crop rotation should be observed. Cucumbers grow best after legumes and nightshades: beans, peas, tomatoes, potatoes. It is not recommended to place them on an area where their predecessors last year were watermelon, melon, pumpkin, zucchini or squash, beets.

Before the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to keep the soil moist and ensure the protection of plants from sudden frosts and a sharp cold snap, which is not uncommon for May in northern Ukraine. Landings should be covered.

It is advisable to use agrofibre for temporary protection of beds if they are located near the house or in guarded garden associations. In remote areas, a cheaper, simple material is used - plastic wrap or large plastic bottles cut across. Holes are made in them with an awl so that the plants can breathe when they emerge from the ground. These micro-greens can be stored until the next season. Under a film in moist soil, modern improved hybrids sprout in a week.

A regular plastic bottle will help save cucumber sprouts from frost

Plant care after germination

Another danger that threatens seedlings and young plants in open ground is the hot rays of the sun. The mild temperate continental climate, which used to be a great advantage of Polesie and the forest-steppe, is becoming more abrupt and hot, and sometimes unpredictable.

The summer of 2017, with its record cold rainy June and extremely hot dry August, is a prime example of this. Therefore, film shelters can perform not only a warming, but also a sun-protection function. On hot days in May, when the sun beats down mercilessly and is capable of destroying young plants, it is better not to remove the film for a day, but only to raise it. From above, the film can be covered with burlap or sprinkled with grass - to create a shadow. The most elementary measures of protection can also shade the sprouts and save them on a sultry afternoon: burdock leaves laid on the hole, newspapers, even branches of wild bushes with large leaves.

On a hot day, cucumbers need to create a shade - this will protect the plants from sunburn and premature wilting.

Record high summer temperatures are already becoming commonplace even in the north of Ukraine, so experienced gardeners advise planting cucumbers closer to trees and bushes in such a way that delicate whips are in the shade in the afternoon after 14-15 hours. This will significantly reduce the likelihood of plant death from drying out. For this purpose, maize and sunflowers are planted on the north and west sides of the cucumber patch.

Watering cucumbers correctly

Watering of young plants is carried out as the soil dries, after which it is necessary to loosen the row spacings and add moist loose earth to the roots. During the period of abundant flowering and the formation of the first ovaries, cucumbers especially need watering, it is carried out in the Polesie zone at least 1 time in 3 days, and in the south, daily watering is necessary.

Cucumbers are 95% water, so frequent watering is vital for them.

Not all gardeners have the opportunity to water cucumbers often.Drip irrigation devices come to the rescue, which you can make yourself from the same plastic bottle:

1. Take a bottle with a capacity of 1.5-2 liters, make 10 holes at the bottom up to 0.5 cm in diameter.
2. Fill it with water, close the lid, which also needs to be pierced to allow air to enter.
3. Dig the bottle upright, bottom down, at the root of the plant. You will provide the plant with moisture for 4-5 days.
4. When the water runs out, add it without removing the bottle from the ground so as not to disturb the fragile roots of the plants.

Drip irrigation can be organized in other ways: by turning the bottle upside down, cut off the bottom and pour water into it. But the evaporation from the bottle will be too high, therefore, if the garden is located far from water sources, this method does not justify itself.

At the end of June-July, watering is carried out less often, but more abundantly. During this period, in Polesie, 4 waterings per month are enough for cucumbers, in the south - 5–6. If the water reserves are small, and the cucumbers are very drooping, they can be encouraged even by spraying with water, which is easiest to carry out from the same plastic bottle with small holes in the lid.

Video: drip irrigation from a plastic bottle

Water procedures for cucumbers are carried out in the very early morning hours or in the evening, using warm, settled water. Cold water damages the roots and negatively affects the shape and taste of the fruit.

Plant feeding

Do not forget about plant nutrition. They are especially important in the north of Ukraine, where poor forest soils prevail. The first root fertilization is carried out at the beginning of flowering, repeated every 2 weeks. To enrich the soil with nitrogen, use a solution of mullein or chicken droppings, which are diluted in a ratio of 1 part of fertilizer to 10 parts of water.

To obtain a complex fertilizer, a matchbox of superphosphate and potassium magnesium, half a box of potassium sulfate is added to 10 liters of solution. A glass of solution is poured under one plant. Top dressing should be carried out after abundant watering, after which it is advisable to add soil to the roots. Foliar fertilization, that is, spraying the leaves with weak solutions, also has a beneficial effect. In cloudy weather, foliar feeding with urea (20 g per bucket of water) has a good effect on the development of cucumbers. It is useful to combine watering with fertilization with ash; for this, 1-2 handfuls of ash (50-100 g) are taken per 10 liters.

For complete confidence in the result, you can use special fertilizers for cucumbers.

The following fertilization scheme will help to give the plants the necessary trace elements (the mass of substances is indicated per 10 liters of water):

• manganese sulfate - 5-10 g;
• sulphate copper - 0.1–0.5 g;
• zinc sulfate - 3-5 g;
• boric acid - 0.5–5 g;
• nicotinic acid - 1 g;
• bicarbonate soda - 50 g.

The black soil of the forest-steppe and steppe give vegetables more nutrients, so the number of dressings should be reduced. The gardeners of the southern regions are especially careful about feeding with manure and dung: at prolonged high temperatures, their use leads to the fact that the plants "burn" faster, so some experts in the cultivation of cucumbers advise to limit themselves to inorganic fertilizers and microelements.

Video: practical tips for growing cucumbers

Disease and pest control

Often, cucumbers, especially during the period of abundant fruiting, are exposed to diseases and pests. This is due to a violation of agricultural technology, long-term cultivation of crops in one place without disinfecting the soil, untimely removal of weeds and plant residues.

Weed control is of great importance: cucumbers cannot stand competitors and react negatively to soil contamination.

Common diseases and control measures:

1. Anthracnose. Fungal disease. It manifests itself first as yellow spots on leaves 1–3 cm in size, then soft brown spots are formed on the fruits.Spraying the plant with Quadris, a one percent Bordeaux mixture or a three percent copper oxychloride suspension will help to cure the plant.
2. English mosaic of cucumber. The virus can be found in soil, inventory, plant residues. Infected plants form small shriveled leaves with a characteristic mosaic color, and the yield and quality of fruits are sharply reduced. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to observe crop rotation and purchase healthy seeds.
3. Root rot. The first symptom: darkening in the area of ​​the root collar. The leaves wilt, the ovaries fall and the whole plant dies. For treatment, Trichodermin, Thiram is used.
4. Powdery mildew. It manifests itself in the form of a white fluffy coating on the leaves, leading to significant weakening and even death of plants. Milk whey (1 liter per 10 liters of water), nettle infusion, Quadris, Topaz, Tiovit Jet will help fight the disease.
5. Peronosporosis or downy mildew. The disease can be determined by the formation of yellow spots on the surface of the leaf, on the reverse side they acquire a gray or purple bloom. The fruits of infected plants turn pale and lose their flavor. To prevent the disease, spraying with Quadris is used, for treatment - Ridomil Gold, Oksikhom.

Video: how to determine the disease of cucumbers

The most common pests are:

1. Spider mite. It manifests itself by enveloping plants with a cobweb. It sucks on the delicate parts of the plant, feeds on juice and herbs. From folk remedies, an infusion of 1 cup of ground onion in a bucket of water with the addition of 1 tbsp will help. ground black pepper and tar or laundry soap for better adhesion to the leaves. Of the chemicals, Karbofos is used.
2. The melon aphid is another lover of delicious cucumber juice. The affected plants are sprayed with Inta-Vir, a fermented herb infusion (1 kg per bucket, allowed to stand for 1-2 days), a solution of 2 glasses of ash and 50 g of laundry soap per 10 liters of water.
3. Whitefly leaves its larvae on plants. Precautionary measure: Sprinkle tobacco dust around the neck of the plant or plant tobacco nearby. Treatment: spraying with Inta-Vir.
4. Thrips. If you cannot see the pests with the naked eye, but pale silvery tiny paths appear on the leaves, most likely thrips have visited you. Confidor, Aktara, Aktellik will help to get rid of them. From folk remedies - garlic (100 g per bucket), celandine, onions. Special blue or yellow sticky traps are also used.

Photo gallery: cucumber pests

It is also possible to grow cucumbers in the open field in a seedling way, observing all the basic agricultural techniques and protective measures.

Harvesting cucumbers is not a big deal, you just need to remember a few simple rules:

1. Try to pick cucumbers every day, or at least every other day - this will stimulate the formation of new ovaries.
2. Pick the fruit carefully, do not lift or turn the whips. Sissy cucumber doesn't like it very much.
3. It is better to pick cucumbers early in the morning or late in the evening, so they will be juicier.
4. It is not worth preserving the greens plucked from the garden right away, let them "rest" for several hours, let the fruits lie down, flooded with clean water. This will make them crispier.

Growing cucumbers in greenhouses

Cucumbers are grown in greenhouses and hotbeds throughout Ukraine. In Polesie, early products are used mainly for their own needs, since cucumbers are very expensive on the market in March - April. Farmers in the southern regions grow cucumbers in greenhouses and greenhouses on an industrial scale to obtain large quantities of vegetables for sale. The total area occupied by greenhouses of cucumber reaches 8,000 hectares.

You can grow cucumbers in the greenhouse all year round

The main goal of the farmer is to get a rich harvest as soon as possible. For this, cucumbers are grown as seedlings, planting them in heated greenhouses in mid-March in the steppe zone, and in the forest-steppe and Polesie - in early April.

Growing seedlings

Seeds for seedlings for greenhouses are sown in late winter - early spring. Many people buy special peat pots, but for an amateur gardener, a budget option is quite suitable: homemade pots from newspapers and even eggshells. When watering, the newspaper in the ground will soften from the water and will not interfere with the roots, and the eggshell should be slightly squeezed before planting so that it cracks, and the roots themselves will divide it into parts. Small bright green seedlings in eggshells look very original and will decorate the windowsill for a while.

It is convenient to grow seedlings in peat pots, so you can avoid injury to the roots when planting

For the pots, they prepare a nutritious soil mixture (peat and humus 3: 1) or buy it in the store, which has recently become more and more popular. Seeds are planted one at a time in a container and buried 1–1.5 cm. The soil must be kept moist, but not wet. Until the seeds germinate, they need a lot of heat, the optimum temperature is + 25 ... + 28 ° С.

When seedlings appear, the temperature is lowered to + 15 ° C during the day and to + 12 ° C at night so that the seedlings do not stretch out. During cultivation, the seedlings are regularly watered, you can carry out preventive spraying of the soil and plants with a pale red solution of potassium permanganate. Top dressing is done twice: for 1 liter of water, 1 g of ammonium nitrate, 3 g of superphosphate, 2 g of potassium sulfate. Seedlings are considered ready for taking out to the greenhouse when 3-4 main leaves appear on it..

2 weeks before planting the seedlings in a permanent place, the greenhouse is covered with a film so that it warms up. Plants are planted 3 by 1 m, burying only a pot into the soil. The stem of a very elongated seedling is placed slightly on one side and covered with earth so that it does not reach the cotyledon by 4–5 cm. A few days later, the plants are tied to a trellis. Further care is not much different from growing plants in the open field.

Watering mode:

• water temperature + 24 ... + 25 ° С;
• water consumption at the beginning of flowering is 2-3 liters per 1 m2, during fruiting - up to 5 liters.

Video: how to care for cucumbers after planting in a greenhouse

For a generous harvest, it is important to maintain humidity at 75–85%, air and soil temperatures around + 24 ° C.

So that the plants receive enough light and do not interfere with each other, they are pinched (cut off) in a timely manner, controlling their growth and density. The main stem is allowed to grow to the top of the trellis, the rest are formed in such a way that they are evenly distributed over all levels.

Compliance with all conditions for growing cucumbers makes it possible to get a harvest within the range of 22-25 kg per 1 m2.

Selection of varieties

Today you will not surprise anyone with a variety of varieties of cucumbers. Their names testify to the developed imagination and sense of humor of breeders. Here and Little Raccoon, and Brother Ivanushka, and the Real Colonel, and the Junior Lieutenant. There is Ira, and Marishka, and Masha, and Dasha. But what is hidden behind these funny names? This is evidenced by the information on the seed bag.

Mysterious parthenocarpics and mysterious F1

Many variety names have F1 characters attached. The prefix corresponds to the word "branch", that is, "daughter, filial". "Filli" means children. A vegetable with the prefix F1 is already a difficult variety, but a descendant of two varieties, a heterotic hybrid.

Plants with excellent but different characteristics are taken, crossed, and a hybrid is obtained. For example, you need a drought-resistant and at the same time super-early variety. The breeder will take one very early ripening, but not heat tolerant, and a second drought tolerant, but ripening much later. The result of painstaking work on crossing these varieties will be a new hybrid that is immune to heat and gives the earliest yields. The word "heterosis" means that the offspring of the first generation has the best and most pronounced characteristics of both "parents". Therefore, they are called "Filli" 1, and abbreviated F1, that is, literally "children of the first generation."

Paternocarpic cucumbers have juicy aromatic flesh, do not form seeds

Unfortunately, heterosis manifests itself only in the first generation, then the beneficial qualities are significantly weakened. Therefore, hybrids are not recommended for seed collection. In the future, low-quality plants will be obtained from them. So those who like to grow cucumbers from their own seed should stock up on varieties bred without crossing. That is, without the prefix "F1".

Among the hybrids appeared quite unusual and mysterious strangers with the difficult name "parthenocarpic". Parthenocarp, or fruit production without pollination, is not new. She was first noticed by breeders 100 years ago. But hybrids with parthenocarpies have been developed quite recently. At first, these were varieties for protected ground, where bees cannot reach, but over time, parthenocarpics successfully migrated to open ground and feel great, at least in Ukraine. In addition to early maturity, disease resistance, high yield, these cucumbers have their own peculiarity: the absence of seeds and the small size of the fruits. Almost all of them are of the gherkin type. There are many plants among them with a bouquet or bundle type of ovary, when in one node not 1–2, but up to 5 or even 7 fruits are formed.

Video: bundle hybrids of cucumbers

Parthenocarpics are plants that are pollinated without the participation of insects, but with the help of the wind or pistils and stamens in the flower. In order to make it easier for the buyer to navigate, sometimes instead of parthenocarp, they indicate on the seeds: a self-pollinating variety.

When choosing seeds for cucumbers, you can find the words "determinant" and "indeterminate" plant. This is also a simple concept with a difficult name. Determinate plant - limited in growth, bushy, does not form lashes. Indeterminate is the opposite. It should be noted that parthenocarpics, which were bred specifically for greenhouses, have a reduced ability to form lateral lashes and do not require pinching over the third or fifth node. They are simply limited in growth, focusing on the desired length of the lash (1.5–2 m).

By purchasing high-quality varieties from trusted producers, gardeners get rid of the hassle of sizing, checking for germination, dressing, germinating, identifying empty seeds.

Coated elite seeds are calibrated, disinfected and have a germination rate of 95-100%

It is not worth germinating the coated seeds, you need to pay special attention to soil moisture, otherwise the seed will sit for a long time in its nutritious "house". Dry land will not give him the incentive to grow. Such seeds need frequent watering before germination.

Cucumber varieties popular in Ukraine

Due to good climatic conditions (long daylight hours, the possibility of early planting), any modern hybrid with early maturity and parthenocarp is suitable for growing in greenhouses in Ukraine. There is no clear division into grades for open and protected ground.

Parthenocarpic hybrids of cucumbers, common in Ukraine

1. Cupid F1. Ultra early (35–40 days before technical ripeness), for salad purposes. Fruits are sweet, tasty, there are up to 6-8 zelents in a knot. Excellent transport and storage tolerance, universal use. High-yielding: up to 14 g per m2.
2. Aristocrat F1. Resistant to stressful growing conditions. Maturation occurs on day 35. The fruits are beautiful, with large tubercles, up to 11 cm long, have no voids and are very tasty. Ideal for pickling.
3. Artist F1. Early ripe, has an attractive appearance and excellent taste of gherkins. The average fruit length is 6 cm. It can form 3-4 ovaries in a knot. Productivity is 9 kg from 1 m2. Resistant to cladosporia, cucumber mosaic virus, powdery mildew and false mildew.
4. Lucky F1. Wonderful yielding early hybrid for greenhouses and open ground. The fruits are large, up to 15 cm in length, and have excellent taste. Due to its resistance to a number of diseases, it is recommended for late summer cultivation in the second turn.
5. Courage F1.It has many positive qualities: medium climbing, early maturity and bundle formation of ovaries. Zelentsy weighing up to 14 cm are suitable for wide culinary use. The yield is impressive: up to 18 kg per m2. And in greenhouses they collect up to 40 kg from 1 m2.
6. Crispin F1. This magnificent ultra-early hybrid of Dutch selection, has been grown for more than one year, and still remains a favorite. Produces both high quality greens and gherkins. Forms 3-4 ovaries per node, is immune to major diseases. No bitterness, especially good when salted. Recommended for greenhouses, film shelters and open ground. The hybrid is unpretentious in terms of growing conditions, which is especially appreciated now, when the summer in Ukraine has become hot and dry.
7. Mirabell F1 is another guest from Holland. Pleases with the ripening terms, since the harvest gives one of the first. There can be up to 7 gherkins in a bunch. It is not afraid of cladosporium and powdery mildew, but the cucumber mosaic virus can harm the plant. It can be grown both in greenhouses and without shelters.
8. Ant F1. An early ripening hybrid. Possesses all the advantages of gherkin-type parthenocarpic, can be grown in greenhouses and in open field. Loves a lot of light, responds to increased illumination with a generous formation of ovaries. Productivity up to 12 kg from 1 m2. It is appreciated for the neat and elegant look of bright fruits. The purpose is universal, it is good in salads and winter preparations.
9. Real Colonel F1. Harvesting, very early maturing. Both fresh and salted fruits have excellent taste. Zelentsy are strong, shiny, ripen together. Immune to viruses.
10. Connie F1. A distinctive feature is the presence of many small tubercles and a rather strong pubescence on the surface of the greenery. Of the positive qualities: early ripening, yield up to 16 kg per 1 m2, the formation of several ovaries in a bunch. The pleasant sweet taste and versatile use of the fruit made Connie one of the gardeners' favorites. Does not suffer from powdery mildew and root rot.
11. Boy with thumb F1. Early, gherkin, fruit weight about 60 g. Resistant to most diseases.
12. Masha F1. An extremely popular hybrid. It ripens very early. Tendency to form up to 6 fruits per knot. Zelentsy does not outgrow, without a bitter aftertaste. Yields up to 11 kg from 1 m2. Olive spot, cucumber mosaic virus and powdery mildew are not terrible for the hybrid. Shrub plant with limited shoot formation.
13. Meringue F1. The once prevailing stereotype that the earliest varieties of cucumbers are unsuitable for conservation was one of the first to refute the Merengue hybrid. Produces fruits 37-40 days after germination, is not susceptible to disease. Dark greens are delicious and perfectly quench thirst.
14. Natasha F1. A very early hybrid. Immune to major diseases. Used for various dishes, pickles, preparations for the winter. High yield and transportability are the advantages of the variety, as it is grown for sale in the early spring period.
15. Patriot. A late-ripening hybrid of salad and canning purposes. Its yield is 40 kg per m2. Not afraid of diseases.
16. Pasalimo F1. One of the most popular early Dutch hybrids. Fruit length is from 10 to 12 cm. It can form 6–7 ovaries in a knot. Fruits are deep green in color, with dense pulp, ideal for pickling, do not outgrow. Bears fruit generously (up to 15 kg per 1 m2). Early ripe.
17. Ecole F1. Dutch early maturing. Gives high yields of pickles and gherkins, indispensable for pickling.

Video: what you need to know about parthenocarpic cucumbers

The best bee-pollinated hybrids

Bee-pollinated cucumber varieties have excellent taste. Popular varieties:

1. Asterix F1. Early maturing (45 days from germination to the first zelents). Due to its strong root system and high regenerative capacity, it is recommended for cultivation in arid regions. Bears fruit for a long time, amicably and abundantly, gives stable yields of uniform, excellent taste of thin-skinned fruits.Versatile in use: suitable for pickles, canning, salads. Fruits weighing up to 90 g have no bitterness. Cladosporium resistant. Productivity up to 6 kg per 1 m2.
2. Ajax F1. Gives high, stable yields at the earliest possible date, therefore it is beneficial for commercial cultivation in greenhouses. Inclined to the bouquet type of ovary. The fruits are strong. Despite the delicate thin skin, it tolerates transportation quite well. Not prone to yellowness. Cucumber mosaic virus and powdery mildew are not affected.
3. Form F1. Early, hardy. Gardeners note its ability to recover from frosts, to endure abrupt weather changes and a lack of moisture. The fruit is white-thorn, tasty, suitable both for fresh consumption and for processing. Under film shelters, it gives up to 17 kg per 1 m2. Resistant to a complex of cucumber diseases.
4. Marshmallow F1. One of the most delicious hybrids with a high sugar content in fruits. Zelentsy is very juicy and tender. Early maturing, gherkin type. Keeps fresh for a long time.
5. Zubrenok F1. A very popular hybrid in Ukraine. Early, universal use. A characteristic feature of greenery: rare black pubescence. The yield of even dark green fruits can reach 20 kg per 1 m2. It has a long fruiting period due to its high resistance to downy mildew and bacteriosis.
6. Ira F1. Ripens early, for canning purposes. Productivity is stable, tasty greens reach a weight of 150 g. Requires protection from diseases.
7. Mamai F1. Early ripe, high taste. Has increased drought tolerance. Recommended for the southern regions of Ukraine.
8. Octopus F1. Mid-early gherkin hybrid. Long and generously bearing fruit until autumn. Productivity up to 14 kg per 1 m2. The commercial qualities are high. The hybrid is suitable for industrial cultivation, since it is not damaged during mechanical harvesting and does not turn yellow during long storage.
9. Sonata F1. Early, however, bears fruit until frost. Disease resistant, high yielding, low cost of protection, therefore highly profitable and suitable for commercial cultivation.

Photo gallery: frequently offered cucumber hybrids for sale

Video: an overview of popular varieties of cucumbers

The right cucumber variety is the first, but not the only step towards a great harvest. Cucumbers are whimsical, and the changed climate of Ukraine forces gardeners to invent new devices for their protection and successful growth. Breeders provide the market with high-quality elite seeds, and gardeners do their best to get generous yields.

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