Cherry seedlings the best varieties

Buying seedlings is a kind of lottery, because even a specialist will not always determine its potential by the appearance of a one-year-old plant. To increase your chances of success, you need to follow some simple rules, which we will talk about.

Cherries and cherries are usually chosen by those with a sweet tooth who adore the taste of juices, preserves, and jams made from these aromatic berries. But in order for everything to work out as dreamed of, the purchase of seedlings must be taken very seriously.

Where is the best place to buy seedlings?

It is definitely not worth doing this on the market or from the hands - instead of a cultivated variety, you can slip a wild seedling, a stock or an old small-fruited variety of Vladimirskaya cherry. Better drive up to a specialized nursery, which is not engaged in the resale of seedlings, but in their cultivation and sale. Such kennels for the most part value their reputation and it is simply not profitable for them to deceive you.

But even in a nursery with a good reputation, it is sometimes possible to purchase low-quality planting material, which, through an oversight or negligence of the staff, ended up on the shelf. To prevent this from happening, you need to understand some of the intricacies, to know the characteristics that distinguish a healthy, high-quality cherry or sweet cherry seedling from an off-grade one.

Choosing the time to buy a seedling

It is generally known that stone fruit crops are preferable to plant in spring. But with the purchase of cherry and sweet cherry seedlings, it is not worth delaying until spring. The thing is that in the autumn, the choice of planting material is much greater, and the variety of varieties is richer. And in the spring, as a rule, shops sell leftovers, and there is no certainty that the seedlings were stored correctly, and not somehow, that their root system and aboveground part were not dried.

However, if you have nowhere to store seedlings all winter, buy them in the spring - this can also find its advantages. At this time, prices for planting material are usually lower. Only you need to choose a plant more carefully and meticulously.

Step-by-step inspection of the seedling: what to look for

So, you came to the nursery, and this is the picture in front of you: in the price list there is a long list of varieties, and in large boxes filled with sawdust, a string of cherry and sweet cherry seedlings. A beginner gardener can very easily get confused, choose the first seedling that comes across and hastily go home. You cannot do this, because you are acquiring a plant that will settle on your site for many years.

You should not miss tall, giant seedlings with a large number of shoots, because such plants take root badly, their root system is powerful, and it is difficult to dig up a tree for sale without damaging it. Better to pay attention to annual cherry and sweet cherry seedlings... This is also more profitable (such seedlings are cheaper), besides, they take root much better.

In order not to buy a wild game or a low-quality plant, it is advisable to buy seedlings in the nursery.

The first thing to look for when examining a seedling is to find place of budding... Usually it is located at a height of 5-15 cm from the root collar. At this point, the stem is slightly curved, growing slightly to the side. If this sign is not present, then there is a high probability that you have a seedling in front of you, and not a full-fledged varietal seedling. Most likely, it will not have the characteristics that the declared variety should have.

If you find the site of vaccination, continue further examination. Annual cherry seedlings are usually 85-95 cm high, and two-year-olds, as a rule, are higher - up to 2 m. The only exception is the Bystrinka cherry variety. Even an annual plant of this variety can reach a height of 1.5 meters.

Then you need to examine the shoots. So, for a standard annual cherry at least 8 shoots, 10 to 20 cm long. In a biennial plant, these shoots are already about 20-25 centimeters, they have branches, and their total number is not less than 12.

As for the root system, it is approximately the same in volume for both the two-year-old and the one-year-old. It differs only in length. So, in one-year-olds, the length of the roots is about 25 cm, older seedlings have 10-12 cm more. Truth, this rule only applies to cherries. Indeed, the root system of a sweet cherry is very powerful, and it is quite difficult to dig out a two-year-old seedling. Therefore, the vast majority of nurseries sell only annual cherry seedlings. Only a very small number of plants are left for the so-called rearing.

So, the height of an annual cherry seedling, as a rule, is about 1.5 meters, it has a well-developed lobe of roots and 2-4 branching shoots.

Sometimes it happens that a cherry seedling has no branches at all. This is fine, if the thickness of the stem is at least 2-2.5 cm (whereas the thickness of the sapling with branches is 1.8-2 cm). So you should not be afraid to buy an unbranched seedling. Just after planting, you need to book it, that is, cut off the top of the head 19-22 cm above the kidney.

Determining the "health" of the seedling

When choosing a seedling, pay attention to condition of roots and aerial parts... The roots should be moist, without growths, the aboveground part should also be free from growths, damage and broken shoots.

In order to check whether the roots and shoots are overdried, it is necessary to bend a small root into a ring. It should roll up without crunching and be “alive” to the touch - wet, whitish-green in color. Examine the shoots, too, try to bend them - the live ones bend well and do not crunch, and the bark at the fold gathers into an "accordion", but does not exfoliate.

If the shoots crack even with a slight bend, and the bark on them flakes off in shreds, then, most likely, they are overdried. Such planting material is not worth buying.

And, of course, pay attention to presence of leaves: according to GOST, there should be no leaves on the seedling for planting cherry and sweet cherry - keep this in mind.

Questions to ask the seller

When buying a cherry or sweet cherry seedling, be sure to ask the seller the following important points:

• characteristics of the variety;
• flowering period of the plant;
• ripening dates of fruits;
• the most suitable for the plant of the variety you need according to the flowering period are pollinator varieties, without which neither cherry nor sweet cherry will bear fruit.

How to prepare seedlings for transportation

To keep the seedlings intact and not spoil their presentation, they also need to be transported correctly. It will help to keep the roots from drying out. talkera (a mixture of clay and soil in equal parts, diluted with water), in which they should be dipped, and then dipped in sawdust. The sawdust will stick to the chatterbox and play the role of a mulch layer - retain moisture. After that, the roots need to be well packed - wrapped in burlap or placed in a tight garbage bag.

It is important to transport and store seedlings correctly until the moment of planting.

How to preserve seedlings before planting

Since almost all cherry and sweet cherry seedlings are purchased in the fall and planted in the spring, it is important to store them correctly before planting. So that the seedlings do not suffer from the cold and from rodents, a dig is made.

To do this, you need to dig a small groove with a depth of 45-55 cm. It should be located east to west. From the south, the wall of the fossa must be made inclined (the optimal angle is 45-50 °), and from the north - vertical. The seedlings should be placed in the groove with their crowns above the ground and facing south. This will protect the sensitive plant bark from sunburn during winter and spring.

Then it must be very good sprinkle the roots of seedlings with moist soil, tighten it up. So that there are no voids left between the roots, which can lead to their freezing, the soil after dusting must be watered again.

Along the boundaries of the digging you need sketch spruce branches and decompose the poisoned bait to keep the seedlings from rodents. If possible, in winter you can visit the dig site to throw more snow on the roots.

Choosing a good, strong planting material is not easy, but very important. How scrupulous you will be when choosing cherry or sweet cherry seedlings depends on how soon your stone fruits begin to bloom and bear fruit, whether they will pamper you with a generous harvest or cause only a grin of disappointment. We hope our review will help you avoid many mistakes. Good and sweet harvests to you!

Foreword

There are many varieties of cherries today! In the south of Russia, more thermophilic trees are grown, and for the Moscow region and regions of the middle zone, it is better to choose frost-resistant plants. How not to get confused in the variety of cherry varieties and find the best one for your garden, we will tell in this article.

The best self-fertile varieties for the Moscow region and the middle lane

Self-fertility of varieties lies in the ability of fruit trees to self-pollinate with their pollen. Self-fertile are those that form 20-40% of the total number of flowers. Self-fertile varieties do not need cross-pollination with other varieties. Their advantage is that they are independent of the flight of pollinating insects.

Self-fertile cherry

But today there are not so many self-fertile varieties of cherries. Therefore, even with such trees, it is better to plant pollinating varieties near, which in any case will help to increase yields.

The best varieties of self-fertile cherries for the Moscow region today are recognized:

• Narodnaya Syubarova - is considered the best option throughout Russia. True, one should not expect a huge harvest, 50 kilograms from one tree is the limit, it is no longer possible to harvest even in the most successful year. The berries of this sweet cherry are of medium size. The tree itself is tall, with a powerful trunk and branches that can withstand the load from snow or wind. The plant is highly self-pollinated, fruits ripen up to 90%. Saplings take root well and are able to grow even on sandy loam and loamy soils.
• Ovstuzhenka is a frost-resistant sweet cherry that can withstand up to -45 degrees, Conditionally self-fertile, since pollination takes place within one tree, the resulting ovaries are no more than 90%. Medium large berries, 4 to 7 grams. The yield is 30-50 kg per tree. The tree is not tall, which allows it to be grown on an industrial scale.
• Revna is a small plant with a pyramidal crown. Self-fertile, very fertile, not large-fruited, its berries are not large, but very sweet and aromatic. Cold-resistant, withstands frost down to -6 degrees during the flowering period. Possesses high transportability, it is stored for a long time, at the stage of maturity it is dense, not watery.

Early winter-hardy and late cherry varieties

Almost all known cherry varieties are mostly self-fertile, and only a few species are self-fertile, and then only partially, since they also require pollinator varieties for a full harvest. Therefore, when choosing a variety for planting in your garden, you need to immediately buy a pollinator plant in pair with it, which will have the same flowering period. Sweet cherry is divided into 3 groups according to flowering time.

Winter-hardy early cherry varieties:

• Iput - frost-resistant, has good fruits. Pollinators can be Revna and Raditsa.
• Household yellow - self-fertile variety, frost-resistant, vigorous, slow-fertile, quite fruitful. The berries are medium, sweet and sour.
• Gronkavaya is a strong, frost-resistant variety. The fruits received a high dessert rating. Suitable pollinators: Cheremashnaya, Raditsa, Iput, Fatezh and Ovstuzhenka.
• Red hill - less resistant to diseases, berries were highly appreciated. Pollinators, like Iput.
• Ovstuzhenka - refers to partially self-fertile varieties, fruits with a good score. It is good to plant next to Iput cherries.

Winter-hardy cherry variety "Iput"

Mid-season cherry varieties:

• Rechitsa - belongs to the varieties of the bigarro group, frost-resistant, not large-fruited, with very sweet dark red berries. Disease resistant. From pollinators it is better to choose Pink Pearls, Adeline and Ovstuzhenka.
• Leningrad black from the guinea group. Sweet medium-sized berries, with pulp inseparable from the seeds. A tree of medium height, unstable to frost, not capable of self-pollination. Pollinators: Iput, Revna, Bryanochka, Tyutchevka and Veda.
• Leningrad pink - also belongs to the gini group. Small berries with a delicate, yellowish skin with ruddy barrels, the flesh is sweet and yellow. The plant is quite tall, has a lush crown, does not self-pollinate. It is recommended to plant next to the following varieties: Adelina, Chernyshevsky, Pink Pearl and Rechitsa.
• Tyutchevka is a medium-sized tree, very resistant to cold and disease. The berries are bright red, of medium size, well suited for freezing and transportation. The plant is partially self-pollinated. Recommended pollinators: Iput, Raditsa and Ovstuzhenka.
• Large-fruited - a tall, fast-growing tree with a broad-shaped crown of medium density. Large-fruited cherry has dark red berries, the weight of which is 10-12 grams, it is considered a dessert variety. The best pollinators will be Surprise and Oratovsky.

Late ripening varieties:

• Michurinka is not a tall tree that is resistant to drought and disease. The berries are dark red in color, strong, fleshy and sweet. Stored for a long time and well transported. The variety is self-fertile. Pollinators required: Michurinskaya late and Pink pearls.
• Bryansk pink - belongs to the bigarro group. The berries are medium-sized, about 5 grams, with a sweet pink pulp that cannot be separated from the stone. For pollination, the following varieties are suitable: Iput, Revna, Ovstuzhenka and Tyutchevka.

Yellow cherries that are not afraid of birds

Red fruits of cherries, especially early varieties, are very fond of pecking birds. If the garden is located near the forest, rowan thrushes arriving from it are capable of destroying the entire berry crop in a matter of hours. Therefore, it is better to cover the red-fruited varieties of the Moscow region with a net during the period of their fruiting.

Yellow cherries are not afraid of this misfortune - the birds do not touch its berries, and the harvest remains intact. In addition, red fruits do not tolerate heavy summer rains and often crack. The yellow cherry, in contrast to the red-sided cherry, does not have such a disadvantage.

Yellow cherry

The most common cherry variety in the Moscow region is “Zheltaya Priusadebnaya”. She is from the early maturing varieties of the bigarro group. The berries are of medium size, weighing about 5-6 grams, their pulp, like the peel, is yellow, sweet, but with a slight sourness. Yellow Household loves black soil, so it takes root well in the middle lane.

Features of the variety:

• self-pollinated tree, has high yield rates;
• fruiting begins quite late - at the 6th year, while ordinary trees begin to bear fruit in the fourth year;
• frost-resistant variety, resistant to fungal diseases, not afraid of cherry flies;
• requires frequent pruning and removal of shoots, since the tree multiplies quickly and has a very lush crown.

Low-growing trees - small, but remote

To achieve high yields on a small planting area, columnar fruit trees are increasingly used, since there is less maintenance and consumption of related materials, and mechanized harvesting is also applicable to them. Among the thousands of cultivated varieties known in the world, tall ones prevail.

Columnar fruit trees

And only a few of them, such as the yellow Fatezh cherry, have a relatively moderate growth. To breed low-growing sweet cherry varieties, modern breeders have used several methods of suppressing the dominant gene of tallness. We will tell you about two of them.

1. Growing dwarf donors. Cultivated large cherries are usually grown on antipka seedlings, which are vigorous rootstocks. Low-growing rootstocks are used to reduce the height of the tree. Clonal cherry rootstocks known today have a wide range of possible crown reduction, which is 20-90%. The effectiveness of the use of low-growing rootstocks has been noted by world breeders, industrial gardeners and private farms. Thanks to the latest research, the promising use of dwarf cherry rootstocks was confirmed, which influenced the further development of breeding in this direction.
2. Exposure of test specimens to radiation. This method is based on causing a mutation in plants that suppresses the dominant traits of their tall stature. As a result of the work of Canadian specialists, low-growing varieties of cherries were bred - dwarf Compact Lambert and Compact Stella. The resulting columnar forms have earlier periods of full fruiting than large-fruited tall cherries.

But, despite many advantages, even the best columnar varieties have a number of disadvantages. Flower buds of low-growing cherry rootstocks have low resistance to spring frosts, which often leads to a noticeable loss of part of the crop. In addition, the buds of dwarf trees bloom earlier than those of tall plants, which can lead to the threat of freezing.

Another significant disadvantage of the columnar sweet cherry is its over-yielding capacity, since the fruits ultimately lose significantly in size, which affects their market value. To prevent this phenomenon, the crowns of columnar trees need regular adjustments aimed at regulating the load on the crop.

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In a festive decoration, cherries are the best variety for the Moscow region, a herald of the onset of stable heat. The southerner did not take root for a long time in the middle lane - delicate flower buds and young branches froze over. Repeated attempts to create stable forms invariably ended in failure. In the middle of the last century, in three regions with a mild climate, based on previously obtained. IV Michurin forms, managed to bring out several varieties of capricious "Bird cherry". This is the name of the sweet cherry in the south, where the drupes were carried by the birds. As a result of long-term work of breeders, the best varieties of sweet cherries have appeared for the Moscow region of the Bryansk, Oryol and Moscow selection.

Biological characteristics of the sweet cherry fruit tree

Sweet cherry belongs to the Pink family. There are more than 4 thousand different varieties in the world, but they all descend from the "bird cherry".Wild cherry grows in warm regions, forming dense thickets on the slopes. There, the tree can grow up to 10 meters tall with branches spread wide. Cultivars are limited to 4 meters. By pruning and shaping seedlings, they are given a longline, fan or bush shape.

A two-year-old seedling is planted, necessarily grafted. The soil for a young plant needs light, fertilized and neutral reaction. The tree is placed on a southern or eastern slope, with good wind protection. Ground water should be very deep, and surface irrigation should be regular, preferably drip. The best varieties of cherries zoned for the Moscow region can be purchased at the Moscow nursery of nature testers.

The methods of radiation and chemical mutagenesis have accelerated the production of new varieties. Breeder Evstratov exposed the planting material to gamma irradiation and used biological stimulants. As a result, some of the new varieties withstood a drop in temperature to -30 degrees in state tests, acquired early maturity, and resistance to perforated spotting. Active growth in summer quickly restores the crown after winter frostbite.

Of the newly created and earlier varieties of cherries for the Moscow region, there are no self-fertile ones. One tree can only be planted for decorative purposes. There must be a couple of different varieties. But in cramped conditions, you can plant a pollinator in the crown of the main tree on separate branches around the perimeter.

You can grow a seedling from a cherry seed, but then vaccinate. The formation of the bush begins from the first year of the growing season. Agrotechnical activities are carried out as for other Pinks. Consider the best varieties of cherries for central Russia, their advantages.

The best varieties of cherries

An excellent variety of early ripening will give maroon, almost black berries about 6 grams. The pulp is juicy, dark-colored, the stone is small. A tall tree, about 4 meters tall, blooms in the first decade of May, the fruits ripen in mid-June. The variety is frost-resistant, well endured the extreme winters of 1995-1997 in the Bryansk region. Annual fruiting, moderate from the fifth year. The shape of the tree is pyramidal. Fungal diseases are not terrible for Iput cherries. Berries tolerate transportation well and are used for making compotes. The Fatezh variety will be a good pollinator neighbor.

An elegant tree, strewn with maroon, slightly elongated bunches of berries, yields late, in mid-July. Cherry Revna belongs to self-pollinated varieties, abundant annual fruiting. Berries are dense, juicy, stored during transportation for a long time.

Cherry grows quickly, reaching 3.5 meters, pyramidal shape, oval leaves. Cherry begins to bear fruit for 4 years. Cherry Revna is frost-resistant, not susceptible to perforated spots and other crown diseases. Productivity increases if a girlfriend grows nearby.

Cherry Fatezh was bred quite recently, but showed the best qualities in terms of yield and taste of fruits among all varieties of the middle strip. A medium-sized bright red berry ripens in early July. On the red background of the fruit, yellow specks are scattered - a gift from the Leningradskaya yellow variety. The taste of the fruit is estimated by the tasters at 4.7 points.

Excellent winter hardiness has moved the cherries further north. The tree has a spherical sparse crown, grows up to 4 meters, and begins to bear fruit in the fifth year. Fatezh cherry blossoms begin in mid-May. The self-fertile variety needs a pollinator. Chermashnaya, Sinyavskaya or Crimean cherries are planted in pairs. Tests show a stable yield of an adult tree for 4 years at 16 kg.

The advantages of the variety include resistance to diseases, tolerance with a periodic lack of watering. The tree must be protected from the wind - it does not tolerate.

Cherry Tyutchevka belongs to late-ripening varieties.A tree of medium growth, with a lush spherical crown, winter-hardy, resists perforated spotting. The self-fertility of cherries is considered a great advantage. Fruiting occurs 5 years after planting.

The berries are large, up to 7 grams, round, burgundy with black subcutaneous dots. The pulp has a pleasant taste, red color, medium stone, easy to separate.

Annual high yields are one of the main features of the Tyutchevka variety.

Sweet cherry Bryanskaya Rosovaya, the brainchild of Bryansk breeders Kanshina and Astakhov, was selected as promising for the middle lane following a strict requirement for endurance. Large pink berries have a pleasant taste. The variety is late-ripening, blooms in mid-May, ready for harvesting in the second decade of July. Fruiting is regular, fruits are stable during transportation, do not crack. Ripe fruits do not rot in rainy weather.

The tree is compact, grows to 2.5 m, the crown is sparse, the leaves are large. The advantages of the variety are considered its frost resistance and protection from putrefactive, bacterial diseases.

Cherry Krymskaya does not have outstanding fruit qualities, but it is the best pollinator for self-fruitless varieties of sweet cherry. The fruits are small, with the tartness of bird cherry, they make an excellent wine. The variety is winter-hardy, bred and tested in Kursk, Tula, Moscow regions. Why they called it Crimean is a mystery from the author.

Sweet cherry Orlovskaya pink surpasses all varieties in frost resistance. After a frost test of 37.5 degrees, the tree continued to bear fruit. The variety is fast-growing, the first harvest gives in the fourth year after planting. Orlovskaya pink is self-fertile, pollinators can be varieties blooming in mid-May - Rechitsa, Pink Pearl. The average yield per tree is 10 kg, the fruits weigh about 6 grams.

The variety is resistant to perforated spotting.

Science does not stand still, research and experiments continue. New varieties are undergoing trials and have excellent prospects. You can get their seedlings at test stations, but you will need to keep a diary of plant development to help scientists get the best hardy and tasty cherries for the Moscow region.

Video about cherry varieties

Columnar cherries are becoming more and more popular every year for cultivation in the middle climatic zone. An unusual appearance, not too demanding maintenance, combined with a quick harvesting opportunity - these are just a few reasons why gardeners are increasingly interested in varieties of this fruit tree. In this article, you will find a detailed overview of columnar cherries with rules of care, descriptions of species, and other useful tips.

Features, advantages and disadvantages

Columnar cherries are a type of tree that grows exclusively in height. An adult plant resembles a kind of cylinder, completely covered with fruits. This is facilitated by special characteristics - the absence of excessive branching, that is, all the forces of the tree and nutrients are directed exclusively to the formation of fruit shoots.

Gardeners, especially owners of small areas or those who would like to make the most of the available land space, are attracted by the following advantages of columnar cherries:

1. High decorative properties. Such trees will become a real decoration of any site, as they look very nice and organically fit into any landscape design.
2. Convenient sizes.Columnar cherries are very compact in size - the crown width reaches a maximum of 1 meter, or even less. These characteristics also make it easier to care for trees.
3. Possibility of fast harvesting. Under appropriate conditions of care, cherries of this species begin to bear fruit already for 2-3 years. Ripening of berries usually takes place throughout June.

Important! If we talk about the shortcomings of such fruit trees, then they include:

• relatively low yield in terms of volume from 1 tree;
• short shelf life of berries;
• the need for careful selection of varieties for specific climatic conditions.

Columnar cherry varieties - description, photo

Compared to common types of sweet cherries, there are not so many columnar varieties yet. But breeders have shown particular interest in it in recent years, so it is highly likely that in the coming years the situation will change towards expanding the range. Practicing gardeners, in principle, at the moment still have plenty to choose from, and now you will see this.

Helena

Helena is one of the most popular varieties of columnar cherries, which are distinguished by dessert berries of a ruby ​​color with an average weight of 12-14 g. Although some characterize the flesh as somewhat harsh.

This variety is excellent for growing in the middle climatic zone. The height of the plant is 3-3.5 m, the width is usually close to 1 m. The yield of trees is high, the berries ripen from 18 to 25 June. On average, such trees live and continue to bear fruit for 15 to 25 years.

Black

Black columnar cherry is famous for its large fruits, high yield and ease of maintenance and excellent frost resistance. This variety is suitable even for growing in Siberia.

In fact, this is one of the most successful varieties for beginner gardeners or those who do not have too much time to care for fruit trees. The height of a plant of this variety is 1.5-2 meters, no more.

Silvia

From the description of this variety of columnar cherry, it becomes clear that it is somewhat similar to the Helena species, only slightly weaker in some criteria. The sizes of the plant itself and its fruits, as well as the taste characteristics of the berries, are almost the same. Only this variety ripens a little earlier - from June 12 to 18, and the yield can be expected for 12-15 years.

Important! There is also a separate subspecies of this variety - Little Sylvia, which is more compact in size - the height of the tree is up to 2 m, the width is up to 0.5 m, as well as later ripening periods.

Baby

This variety of columnar cherries will delight you with very aromatic and large fruits with a pleasant sweet and sour taste. They are suitable as a dessert option for eating raw, as well as good for preservation. It is quite possible to count on high yields with a small amount of time for care during cultivation, since the plant is not particularly whimsical.

The sizes of trees are also suitable for small areas - the maximum height is 1.5-2 m, and the width, as a rule, is within 0.5-0.8 m.

Delight

This is an early-medium variety in terms of ripening, the trees of which can reach 2.5 m in height and up to 1 m in width. The yield is stable, the berries are large in size from 11 to 14 g, the rich red color of the skin and pulp is very high juiciness.

This type of columnar cherry favorably distinguishes it from others by its higher immunity to various diseases. Begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting seedlings.

Queen Mary

The Queen Mary variety of columnar cherry cannot be classified as universal, since the trees do not tolerate the harsh climatic conditions very well. It is better to grow it in the middle lane, then you can count on an annual harvest of up to 15 kg from one tree as delicious dessert berries.

Jealous

Similarly, Queen Mary compares favorably with very tasty, sweet and juicy berries, additional advantages are a longer shelf life, resistance to transportation, perfectly tolerates frosts, even Siberian ones. But at the same time, the fruits are not very large - only 5-8 g, ripen in early July.

Sabrina

The advantage of this variety is self-fertility. The size of the plant reaches 2.5 m, although the volume of the crown is quite large.The fertility of Sabrina is good, the trees are not very hardy, therefore they are suitable for a mild climate, but they perfectly resist various pests. The berries are large, sweet and juicy.

Sem

One of the earliest varieties of columnar sweet cherry, which is most suitable for pollination of all types of sweet cherries. Ripening of berries usually occurs before June 10-12, their weight is 10-12 g. This variety bears fruit for 15 years or more.

Rules for planting columnar cherries

If you decide to refine your site with columnar cherries, be sure to read the fundamentally important points regarding planting outdoors.

Choosing good seedlings

You can buy seedlings both in special shopping centers in the gardening department and in specialized nurseries. The service of selling via the Internet is also widespread today.

Important! The last option is the most unreliable, since you do not have the opportunity to preliminarily assess the quality of the vegetation offered to you. The only exception may be a situation when you have already convinced yourself from your own experience of the reliability of the seller or you have been recommended by acquaintances who have no reason not to trust.

If you buy seedlings and clearly see what they offer you, appreciate the following features:

1. The presence of a living bud of the apical shoot. It must not be damaged.
2. The trunk of the plant is even, no curvatures are observed, the bark is smooth to the touch.
3. The roots are alive, with no signs of rot or diseased tissue.
4. Leaves - if they are already on the shoot, then they should be age-appropriate in size, without pests, signs of damage.

Important! It is best to take seedlings of columnar cherry for planting of the same age.

When to plant?

The landing time depends on the region where your summer house is located:

1. Northern regions - only spring planting of columnar cherries is recommended.
2. Southern regions with a mild climate - you can plant seedlings in spring and autumn.

Pick-up location

Many varieties of columnar cherries are quite whimsical to growing conditions. Therefore, thinking over the layout of your garden, allocate a plot for this culture that:

• well protected from winds at any time of the year;
• has a fertile, loose soil;
• well lit.

Important! Best suited slopes on the south side, where the groundwater is quite deep.

Instructions for planting seedlings

Photo:

1. Prepare planting holes with a depth of 0.7 m and a diameter of 0.8 m. Leave the distance between the plants 1 meter, and between the rows - 3 m. It is better to do all this 2-3 weeks before purchase.
2. Prepare fertilizer according to the following recipe: 1 bucket of humus, 3 buckets of black soil, potassium - 16 g, phosphorus - 12 g. Pour into the holes.
3. Install seedling supports.
4. Spread the roots of each seedling, moisten, place directly on a slide of fertilizer.
5. Cover the holes with the plants with soil 2 cm high to the root collar. Tamp down the soil a little.

Care

Caring for a columnar cherry after planting includes several important procedures. Let's deal with each of them in turn.

General rules for the care of seedlings:

1. The first 2 years - abundant and regular watering.
2. In the first year after planting, remove all ovaries - this will help the tree take root better.
3. For the winter, be sure to treat the trunks with lime to protect the seedlings from pests and sunburn.

Fertilizers:

1. In the fall, fertilize at the rate of 150 g of phosphorus per tree and 60 g of potassium.
2. In early spring, add nitrogen preparations - urea and ammonium nitrate.
3. During flowering and 2 weeks after that, add 0.5 buckets of mullein, diluted with a small amount of wood ash under each tree.

Diseases and their treatment

From the description of different varieties of columnar cherries, it becomes clear that only some varieties staunchly resist various diseases.But the overwhelming majority still get sick if preventive and therapeutic measures are not taken.

When growing such fruit trees, one must be prepared for a possible fight against:

• klyasternosporiosis - perforated spot;
• coccomycosis and moniliosis - decay of foliage and root system due to fungal infection;
• cherry weevil, sawfly, leaf aphid, hawthorn caterpillar - common pests for these crops.

Important! All these diseases are effectively treated with drugs "Aktelik", "Pyriton", "Rovikurt". The main thing is to observe the proportions recommended by the manufacturer. Do not ignore preventive measures in the form of folk remedies - infusion of garlic or onion peels, wood ash, etc. They are quite effective and can prevent many problems.

Pruning

As such, excessive pruning is not necessary to form the crown of the tree. But to increase the fertility of the plant, you can use only the classic pruning scheme. In this case, the number of shoots is reduced with the expectation of a more intensive growth of the remaining ones.

Important! It is not recommended to bend the branches, as this adversely affects the winter hardiness of the plant. Pinching the side shoots for these crops is also meaningless.

Reproduction

When in a few years you figure out all the rules for caring for a columnar cherry and decide to propagate it yourself, consider the following recommendations:

1. Graft. Take 2 year old seedlings for the stock.
2. Cuttings. Choosing this method, treat the cut branches with root growth stimulants and strengthen them in loose soil.
3. Bones. This option is possible, but varietal traits are preserved only in 50% of cases. The seeds are germinated in pots with loose, nutritious soil in a warm place, and in May they are planted in open ground if sprouts have formed. The seedlings are transferred to a permanent place after a year.

Columnar cherries are a promising type of fruit trees for self-cultivation on a compact summer cottage site, in a large garden, on the territory near the cottage in order to decorate the landscape area and even for the organization of industrial production of berries. In any case, the plants will be useful and you will enjoy caring for them.