The best varieties of garlic

Garlic is an essential hot spice in cooking. It has a pungent taste and rich aroma and health benefits. Growing garlic is a simple process, therefore, it is on every site. You can find a description of the most popular varieties and varieties in this review.

Varietal variety of garlic

However, not everyone knows that there are more than 70 varieties of garlic! This means that you can choose according to your taste, focusing on the conditions of a particular site with its soil, climate characteristics, location. Moreover growing experience suggests that you should not limit your choice to one or two varieties. It is worth trying a few, and only after leaving the ones you like.

More than 70 varieties of spring and winter garlic are known

Such a variety makes sense, since some ripen earlier and they can be added to dishes already at the beginning - in the middle of summer, used for canning. Others ripen later, but are better stored.

Most popular varieties

Since the varietal variety is great, this article describes popular, popular varieties.

Spring

Spring garlic differs from winter garlic in different planting periods (spring garlic is planted in spring, and winter garlic - in late autumn), yield - spring garlic is less productive, in contrast to winter garlic.

To visually recognize spring garlic, you need to pay attention to the following signs:

• spring garlic without central bararound which the denticles are located;
• themselves spiral teeth - the closer to the center, the smaller they are;
• teeth can differ from each other by size and shape;
• spring garlicno arrows.

Popular varieties of spring garlic:

Victorio

Spring Garlic Victorio

Mid-season, high-yielding species. No arrows, resistant to pests and fungal diseases... The bulbs are flat-round in shape, the color of the scales is yellow-white.

Yelenovsky

Spring garlic grade Yelenovsky

Mid-season, fruitful, round heads. Outside, the color of the scales is whitish, and inside, on the teeth themselves, it is pinkish... Demonstrates resistance to all plant diseases.

Gulliver

Spring garlic variety Gulliver

Considered mid-late. The harvest is good, it produces arrows. The bulb is round, slightly flat. The color of the scales is light, white. Little susceptible to diseases and pests.

Sochi 56

Spring garlic grade Sochi 56

Mid-season, gives a stable and high-quality harvest. The shape of the head is slightly flat, rounded. The color of the scales can be white or purple, and on the teeth themselves - pink with a purple tint. Resistant to disease.

Ershovsky

Spring garlic grade Ershovsky

Belongs to mid-season, the bulbs are round, slightly flat. It does not give arrows, the harvest is excellent. Resistant to disease.

Winter crops

For winter garlic, the following signs are characteristic, by which it can be visually recognized:

• rod in the center of the headaround which the denticles are located;
• the teeth are arranged in a circle, in one row;
• teeth the same;
• harvest gives higher;
• in winter crops -arrows grow on which tiny onions are then formed.

The best-selling varieties of winter garlic are:

Lyubasha

Winter garlic grade Lyubasha

Withstands severe frosts and dry summers. It is considered quite high - the stem is up to 120 cm. The bulb is round, slightly flat. The color of the scales is light with streaks of violet tones, resistant to diseases. Keeps perfectly. It has a bright spicy taste and is suitable for canning.

Dobrynya

Winter garlic variety Dobrynya

A productive variety, but less frost-resistant than Lyubasha. The heads are large, not too sharp, so it is good to eat it fresh. Ripening period - late. Dobrynya is well stored and is not susceptible to disease.

Sofievsky

Winter garlic Sofievsky grade

It perfectly tolerates severe frosts, but in summer it is picky about heat and light. Not too high - about 70 cm. Large onion - 100 g with large cloves. The color of the scales is pale purple. Nematode resistant, moderately pungent taste.

Alcor

Winter garlic grade Alkor

High-yielding, excellent storage. The color of the bulb is pinkish, and the cloves themselves are closer to gray. Damaged by yellow dwarfism.

Dubkovsky

Winter garlic variety Dubkovsky

High yielding, good storage performance. The stem is of medium height, the bulb is not large, rarely weighs more than 50 grams. It is stored excellently, the taste is spicy.

In winter crops, it is imperative to cut off the arrows at the base, otherwise the head will be shallow. Do not break the arrows so as not to damage the bulb.

Shooters

Garlic that produces arrows is sharper in taste, more productive than varieties without arrows, it is better stored. Among the shooters, the most noticeable are:

Gribovsky jubilee

Shooting garlic variety Gribovsky jubilee

Medium-sized winter variety. The color of the scales is reddish-purple. Disease resistance - at a high level, stored well.

Gribovsky 60

Shooting garlic grade Gribovsky 60

Harvest early ripening, resistant to freezing and drought. The bulb is medium in size and keeps well. Not damaged by bacteria and viruses.

Scythian

Shooting garlic grade Skif

Frost-resistant variety, resistant to diseases of this plant. The color of the scales is gray with streaks of purple, and the teeth themselves are creamy.

Large-toothed Kiseleva

Shooting garlic grade Skif

Early ripening, the head is more than average, about 80 g, the taste is pleasant, spicy. It is not susceptible to disease, storage periods are long.

Hermann

Garlic variety Herman

The bulb is round, conical, the color of the scales is whitish-lilac, and the cloves are cream. Stored up to 8 months, resistant to fungal and bacterial infections.

Non-arrow

Of the non-shooting, the following are popular:

Aleisky

Aleisky garlic variety

Mid-season, round bulb, flat, stored until spring.

Moskovsky

Garlic variety Moscow

Mid-season, well kept, not too sharp the color of the scales is light, the teeth are white.

Abrek

Garlic variety Abrek

Similar to Moscow, but the head is slightly larger.

Odessa 13

Garlic variety Odessa 13

It happens spring and winter, the color of the scales is white, sometimes with stripes of purple tones, stored wonderfully.

Gafurian

Garlic variety Gafurian

Medium-sized onion up to 40 grams, round, flat. Resistant to rot, but sometimes it is prone to powdery mildew.

The best large varieties

Of the varieties with a large head, the following are known:

Alekseevsky (giant)

Garlic Alekseevsky (giant)

The bulb reaches 250 gr. Wherein resistant to disease and stored for a long time.

Komsomolets

Garlic Komsomolets

Shooting, winter, mid-season, flat-round onion, the taste is pungent.

Petrovsky

Petrovsky garlic

Looks like Komsomolets, resistant to disease.

Degtyarsky

Degtyarsky garlic

Spring, without arrows, the taste is moderately spicy.

Orlovsky

Garlic Orlovsky

Spring, does not release arrows, onion over 100 gr.

Conclusion

These are not all varieties of garlic that are worthy of attention. AND do not be afraid to try new selection - there are many good varieties among them!

Garlic is widely used. This is a very useful crop that can be grown without problems in your backyard or vegetable garden. But many varieties are characterized by small heads and teeth that are inconvenient to clean and use on a daily basis. Below in the article are the best large varieties of garlic recommended for young and experienced gardeners.

The best large-fruited winter varieties of garlic

Winter varieties of garlic are very popular among gardeners. They are planted before winter, grow quickly and give the first harvest in the middle of summer, before the spring ripens. Large varieties of winter garlic are convenient not only for cooking, but also for sale. They are more often bought on the market, as they are easy to clean, large teeth and an excellent presentation.

The best large-fruited winter varieties of garlic

• "Titanium" ripens in 100-115 days from the date of germination. It is a shooting variety intended for outdoor cultivation. The plant is of medium height - 35 cm, the width of the tops is 3 cm. The heads are large, weighing up to 150 g. Each has 5-6 cloves of 20-25 g. The bulb itself is round-flat, the scales are violet-white. The color of the peeled garlic is white. The yield per square meter reaches 1.9 kg. The storage period of the harvested crop is 5-6 months.
• Moskal - a variety of Ukrainian selection, high-yielding. Heads of a typical shape, weighing 80-100 g, teeth (4-5 in the bulb) have a mass of 15-20 g. The color of the husk is lilac-white, and the scales are brown. The pulp is white, juicy, spicy, universal use. Shelf life is 5-6 months.
• "Alekseevsky", often called "Alekseevsky Giant", has large heads up to 180 g with white husks. The bulb contains 4-5 large teeth in one row. This variety is resistant to disease. The taste is spicy-sweet, the smell is pronounced.
• "Lyubasha" - a well-known large variety of garlic, the mass of the heads of which is 100-120 grams. With proper care and in good soil, the bulb grows up to 150 g. The husk is white with a pinkish tinge. Feathers are high and wide. The denticles are arranged in one row, there are no more than 9 of them, the scales are white-cream. The yield is high.

Interesting!

Garlic is the oldest cultivated plant in the world. It began to be eaten more than 6 thousand years ago.

• "Casablanca" - a variety of Dutch selection. Garlic husk is white. Head up to 200 g, combines about 8-12 teeth with beige scales. The variety is beneficial in that it is stored for a long time, has marketable qualities, high yield (55-60 t / ha) and resistance to some diseases.
• "Broadleaf 220" garlic produces large heads weighing up to 170 grams. This is not a shooting variety, but there are not very many teeth in the head (up to 15 pieces). There are small teeth, but the average weight of each is 20 g. The taste is not very spicy, suitable for people who do not like the strong smell of garlic or spicy foods. Productivity 6 t / ha.

The category of large varieties of winter-type garlic also includes: Tonus, Tyanshansky, Elegant 961, Sofievsky, Messidor.

Varieties of large-fruited spring garlic

Spring garlic is usually planted in spring. It grows quickly, the yield is large, if you adhere to the rules of cultivation. Large varieties of spring garlic are not represented by a wide assortment, but if you wish, there is something to choose from.

Large varieties of spring garlic

• "Gulliver" - spring, shooting garlic variety. It has an average late ripening period of 87-98 days. It has a large head, the average weight is 120 g, but with proper care you can get heads up to 300 g. There are 3-5 cloves in the bulb. The husk is grayish. It has a high content of nutrients, therefore it is often used for medicinal purposes.
• Orlovsky - an early variety of a large variety of spring-type garlic. Ripening occurs in 85-90 days.The heads are dense, large, can weigh up to 100 g. Each has 15-20 teeth of medium or large size. The husk of the bulb is white with purple veins, and the scales of the teeth are pale pink. The taste is spicy. Storage for more than 7 months, sometimes lays until the next harvest.

Interesting!

The famous American city of Chicago was named after the garlic. The word "chicago" is translated from Indian as "wild garlic".

• "Kledor" - non-shooting spring variety. The heads are light, weighing an average of 80 g. Each bulb contains 15-20 medium-sized cloves. The pulp is light creamy, the scales are pinkish. It is stored for a very long time - 10-12 months. It is immune to fungal and bacterial diseases. The taste is mildly spicy, the application is universal.
• "Flavor" - a variety obtained by French breeders. Distributed throughout the world. It is planted only in spring, as it does not tolerate winter frosts. After full maturation, the heads weigh on average 80 g, the diameter is 55-60 mm. The husk is light, and the scales of the teeth are pale pink. The teeth grow in 2 rows, up to 20 pieces in total. The taste is medium sharp, the pulp is light, juicy and dense. The main advantage of the variety is a long shelf life (10-12 months) without visible changes, the heads do not germinate or dry out.

Rocamboll - Giant Garlic Onion

Large varieties of garlic are represented by a wide assortment. But rockambol stands out especially among them. Rocambol is something intermediate between onions and garlic. Outwardly, it looks more like an onion, since it has giant heads, and the ground tops are similar to leeks. But the onion itself is divided into garlic cloves. Rockambol deserves special attention because of its size.

Rocambol is something intermediate between onions and garlic

Cultivation of rockumball takes place in 2 stages or 2 years. One-tooth bulbs are grown in the first of the air bulbs. They are round, large and can weigh up to 100g! In the second year, they are planted again, and then garlic, familiar to everyone, with separate cloves is already obtained. The mass of one such head with normal care is not less than 250-300 g. But if the care is of high quality and the earth is good, one head can reach 450 g.

Interesting!

Rocambol can grow in the ground for years. So, for example, if there is not enough heat and light in the year of planting, the giant bulb will only grow for 2-3 years.

Rocambol is either spring or winter. Depending on its variety, you can plant garlic before winter or spring, but it is very important not to delay planting. Its root system develops in cool weather and if you are late with sowing, it simply will not germinate.

What affects the weight of garlic?

When growing garlic, do not rely only on its description or characteristics. Planting care plays an important role in the size of the heads. Even large varieties of garlic can grow small if there is not enough space or care for them, so you need to provide the crop with proper conditions.

The weight of garlic depends on the care

1. Plant the garlic with sufficient distance. There should be 20-30 cm of free space between the rows, and 5-8 cm between the teeth or bulbs in a row, for 20-gram bulbs. If the heads grow more than 20 g, they also need more space - 12-15 cm, no less!
2. Growing a large root vegetable in heavy soil is almost impossible. This also applies to garlic. For the head to grow, the earth must yield to its onslaught. If it is very heavy, clayey, then the head will be curved, small. If the soil in the area is poor, you can dilute it with sand, peat or similar raw materials. This will increase yields.
3. The soil should be as loose as possible! After planting, it is loosened from time to time after watering, weeds are removed.
4. Watering is done according to the rules, not all the time. During the period of growing tops, it needs regular and abundant, but after the head has formed, watering must be reduced, otherwise it will be shallow, start to rot or lose its taste.

Observing these simple rules and choosing large varieties of garlic for planting, the gardener will receive a large harvest of tasty and healthy garlic. The heads will be developed, and the teeth will be as large as possible.

The best varieties of winter garlic

Varieties of winter garlic Winter garlic is characterized by high yield and frost resistance. But how not to get lost among the variety of varieties and choose the best one?

Winter garlic varieties

For a good harvest, it is important to be able to choose high-qualityplanting material suitable grade.

Winter garlic cloves should be:

• no dents;
• no rot;
• no cracks in the bottom;
• about the same size.

It is not worth peeling off the outer shell of the planting material, since in the future the head of garlic that has grown from a “stripped” clove will be poorly stored.

We invite you to get acquainted with the best, according to many summer residents,varieties of winter garlic.

Winter garlic varieties Alkor

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are dense, rounded, pink-purple in color. Hardy, but affected by the yellow dwarf virus.

Winter garlic varieties Alkor

Belorussian

An early ripening shooter medium-yielding variety of winter garlic. Bulbs are dense, large, off-white scales with a purple tint. Winter hardy, slightly affected by bacterial rot.

Belorussian winter garlic varieties

Gribovsky jubilee

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are flat-rounded with a run up, purple scales, with dark purple veins. Winter-hardy, drought-resistant, disease-resistant.

Winter garlic varieties Gribovsky jubilee

Lyubasha

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are flat-rounded, the scales are white or pinkish with faint blue-violet veins. Winter-hardy and drought-resistant, resistant to fusarium.

Winter garlic varieties Lyubasha

Sail

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are large, flat-rounded with an upward slope, the scales are off-white with a purple tint. Winter hardy. Peronosporosis affects moderately, stem nematode and bacterial rot - weakly.

Varieties of winter garlic Parus

Podmoskovny

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are flat-round, white scales with brownish-purple strokes. Winter-hardy, disease-resistant.

Sofievsky

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are large, flat-round, the scales are light purple in color. Frost-resistant, relatively resistant to nematodes.

Winter garlic varieties Sofievsky

Saved

Mid-season shooted high-yielding variety of winter garlic. The bulbs are round-oval, the scales are gray with a red tint, as well as with deep purple veins. Frost-resistant, resistant to fusarium and nematode.

Varieties of winter garlic Spas

Only the right choice of variety and quality planting material will help you get a rich harvest of winter garlic.

All about planting garlic before winter

Planting garlic before winter is a responsible event, here you need to choose the right planting material, correctly determine the planting dates, know the subtleties and rules, nuances and features. Let me start with such nuances.

Winter planting of garlic.

Bubbles or cloves?

Few people know (and maybe many), but I personally found out about this only about 15 years ago that garlic as a culture has two different forms: one is referred to as non-shooting, the second - arrow, which in our Tambov regions has always been called simply "Rough-legged Buzzard". What is an arrow? The simplest thing is an ordinary peduncle. The arrow is formed only by winter garlic, that is, the one that we sow in autumn.

In winter garlic, as we understood, giving arrows, at the very end of the burning summer, bulbs begin to ripen on the peduncle, these are such airy bulbs, and in each inflorescence there can be a hundred pieces or even more.

It is also permissible to use these same bulbs for planting in the fall, but next season you will not get a full-fledged head with cloves of garlic. From the bulb, only a rather small onion, weighing only 4-7 g, will grow, which we call a one-tooth and very smartly sell on the market for planting in the fall. From the one-tooth for the next summer, you will get a full-fledged head of garlic. By the way, sometimes quite large and with teeth in it.

Everything would be fine, but there are exceptions: the bulbs also come in different sizes, and when you sow very small ones, then the next season the bulbs will not be very large. A high-quality harvest of garlic bulbs of solid size, clogged with cloves and ready for long-term storage, you can get only after another season, that is, in the third year. Due to the rather slow development of garlic, when it is multiplied in this way, sowing with bulbs is practiced in home plots only sometimes as an experiment or, more often, to preserve all the cultural characteristics of a certain variety of garlic.

Rimnyanka - planting full-fledged cloves of garlic before winter

Planting full-fledged cloves of garlic before winter, its popularity cannot be compared with sowing bulbs. By the way, what is a clove? A denticle is, in essence, a daughter bulb with a well-developed, active, living rudimentary bud. And if there are a lot of such cloves of garlic (do not think that there are at least three, maybe one, and the maximum is as many as seven), which are arranged on a common bottom and carefully wrapped in covering scales, then this is already a bulb, and a complex one.

Large - Large

It is believed that the larger (larger) the planting material itself, the greater the yield. That is, if we plant a hefty clove of garlic in the soil, then in the spring we simply have to get a large onion with the maximum number of large cloves. If you plant a small clove, then the garlic bulb will be medium in size, at best - with small or even one clove inside.

Airy garlic bulbs - bulbs

No need to regret

Beginners, who have not grown garlic before, usually take the largest cloves for food or storage, and the smaller ones are planted on the site. As a result, they have less and less harvests every year, although they remove the arrows on time (an important procedure, by the way: the arrows pull a lot of food on themselves), but this technique does not help. If you do not want to reduce your garlic yields to near zero, then for planting try to divide the large cloves equally - half for food, and half for the harvest, and, of course, use one-cloves for planting.

Once every two or three years, I would advise reviving garlic on a separate small bed, that is, growing it from bulbs, there will be no harm from this, only benefit.

When to plant garlic before winter?

Moving on to the timing, this is important, but in many respects the timing also depends on climatic conditions. If we talk about the center of Russia, then the optimal period for this is, of course, the very beginning of November. If we are talking about the south, then it is better to plant garlic not earlier than the end of October, or, even better, not earlier than the beginning of October, in order to be completely safe. And if the conditions are Siberian, then hurry up.

As you can see, the terms are more than vague, but experienced gardeners living in the same zone for a long time already have notes with a couple of secret signs in their stock of knowledge. For example, some seriously think that garlic must be planted before the Intercession, while others - the next day after this great holiday.

I know that, for example, in the conditions of Tomsk, the planting of winter garlic begins annually from September 22-23 and (if it is hot), then it is delayed until October 7.Friends from Ufa always take a vacation and on the very first day, starting from October 8, they plant garlic. Of course, there are thermometers to help us, and we need to listen to intuition: the older a person is, the better developed it is. My grandfather in Kazan plants garlic in general, regardless of the weather outside the window - stubbornly - in the first decade of October and has not deviated from this tradition for twenty years.

So, one general rule for planting garlic, regardless of the calendar dates, says: the cloves should be in the soil one and a half months (maximum - 50 days) before the onset of real frosts, when the soil temperature drops below nine degrees Celsius. This is the optimal time for the garlic to form a fairly decent bunch of roots (sometimes even 15 cm, but usually about ten).

Place for planting garlic

The chosen place is very important and affects the final result, so this point cannot be neglected. It must be remembered that garlic is a light-loving crop, therefore, we choose for it the most open and well-lit place on the site. Try to choose a location so that even during the day, short-term shadow does not cover this culture. As for the predecessors, green manure, pumpkin (and indeed all melons), tomatoes, any cabbage (especially early), legumes and leafy greens are considered good, but bad precursors for garlic are onions, garlic itself, carrots, cucumbers and potatoes.

After choosing a site and deciding on the predecessors, find out what kind of soil is in this area, do not forget that, like all bulbous ones, garlic loves loose soil, air and water permeable, nutritious and always with a neutral pH level, all this must be taken care of in advance. at least a month.

Try not to plant garlic in the fall in swampy areas, those where melt or rain water accumulates for a long time, where the soil is dense, clay type, and of course, the soil is acidic, these are usually any soils that contain a lot of peat. You can plant garlic on sandstones, but there will be little sense: this substrate is poor and requires very frequent watering, so the bulbs will most likely be very small.

Preparing the garden for planting garlic before winter.

Soil preparation

As we know, plots are different, and it is good when a given plot is raised, leveled and the ground on it is like fluff; quite different, when the site is located low, the land dries out slowly. What to do? In this case, the best option is the construction of high beds (twenty centimeters - just right). The width of the beds can be any, but usually no one makes more than a meter wide, it is more convenient to weed.

Of course, tall beds have their drawbacks, do not forget about them. The most important thing: the soil on such beds dries twice as fast as on a regular bed, but there are also advantages: in the event of a rainstorm or excessive watering, the water will drain faster, and such beds warm up in spring twice as fast as flat soil. The main thing is that they are fenced off and not spread over the site.

If the soil on your site is acidic, then you can completely abandon the autumn planting of garlic and carry out a spring one. Or, a month before planting, add 200 g of lime per square meter of the garden, digging well (with a full bayonet of a shovel) the soil. Of course, the ideal option is liming the soil, especially under the predecessor of garlic, but then you will have to abandon both the autumn planting and the spring planting. In the fall, 250-300 g of lime are added for digging, early cabbage is planted in the spring, and winter garlic is planted in the fall of next year.

If everything is in order with the soil, that is, its reaction is neutral, then 10-12 kg of humus, a tablespoon of superphosphate and a tablespoon of potassium sulfate for digging a garden bed, for each of its square meters can be added to the beds. The main thing in this case is not to resort to the help of fresh manure, you can use humus, and if there is nothing other than manure, then use the fact that it lays in the heap for at least four years, that is, it is well peeled.

Autumn planting of garlic before winter.

Additionally, depending on the type of soil:

In the event that the soil is very heavy, clayey, dense and both melt and irrigation water stagnate on it for a long time, then it must be brought back to normal as soon as possible. This should be done at least a month before planting the garlic, this work is physically difficult and without the possibility of using technology, although it all depends on the size of the future garlic garden. In order to make the soil loose, it is necessary to add a bucket of peat and river sand for each square meter of soil for deep digging with a full bayonet of a shovel.

If on your site the soil, on the contrary, is excessively loose, that is, sandy, then you need to compact it by adding clay and humus. Before applying, the clay must be very well dried, then crushed literally into the smallest parts to the state of a powder, and only after that, in combination with sand, can it be introduced into the soil. Usually, per square meter for digging, you need both (that is, sand and clay) in a bucket.

For owners of peat soils, which are often acidic, in addition to adding 250 g of lime per square meter, we advise you to add a bucket of sand, always river sand and clay prepared according to the above method. All this is brought under the obligatory digging of the soil.

Planting garlic cloves

Let's start with the traditional and most common planting of garlic - planting chives. When the bed is ready, leveled, loosened, it is necessary to make rows on it, stepping back 18-20 cm from each other, and with very wide beds, 25 cm will be just right, but no more. The distance between the cloves of garlic depends on their size: small ones can be planted, leaving 14-16 cm between them, larger ones - 19 and even 22 cm, in this case it is simply pointless to save soil. Usually, the cloves are buried on loose soil to a depth of four centimeters, and on dense soil to a depth of five or six centimeters.

Planting bulbs

Between the rows, it is quite possible to make the same distance equal to two tens of centimeters, but between the bulbs, ten will be enough if they are already very small, and 15 cm if larger. Close up the bulbs of garlic on loose soil to a depth of four centimeters, on a denser soil - by five centimeters. Usually, about three dozen bulbs are consumed per square meter of the garden bed, less often - more, it is still not worthwhile to part with the placement.

It is not worth increasing the plantings of garlic for the reason that usually weeds grow quite actively in its plantings and it becomes elementary to take care of it later, on top of that, banal competition arises between them and the bulbs simply cannot grow large.

Some helpful tips

It is necessary to prepare the soil before planting garlic in 10-15 days, that is, if we plan to plant it at the end of September, then at the beginning of the month it is quite possible to start preparing the soil.

Is it necessary to process the cloves of garlic before planting? It is rarely carried out, you can soak it for an hour or two in a solution of light-colored potassium permanganate, but usually success in growing is laid down precisely in further agricultural technology.

On any soil, even the most loose, the maximum depth of burial of a clove of garlic is six centimeters, bulbs - five centimeters.

It is impossible to strongly "stick" the cloves of garlic, they must be carefully "placed" in the soil, for which the soil must first be brought to a loose state.

On planted beds, after planting, it is enough to sprinkle the top layer with oven ash, 200 g per square meter.

Watering the garlic after planting is not needed, usually there is enough rain, but if not a single one falls in a month, then you can water it once, spending a bucket per square meter.

After the onset of frost, while there is no snow, the garlic can be covered with leaf litter with a layer of 15-25 cm, and a non-woven covering material can be spread over it. Or do not use the leaves at all, dispensing with only the material.

In the north, winter garlic is cherished - it is covered there with straw manure, and horse manure, mixing manure and sawdust in equal proportions.You can also cover it with humus, with a layer of 18-20 cm. The main thing is to remove this shelter as quickly and accurately as possible in the spring so that the soil warms up more actively and does not damage the seedlings.

A month after the snow melts, you can loosen the soil, trying to deepen by 1.5-2 cm, but this is a care, that is, another article. How to grow a good harvest of garlic?

Garlic has long been a favorite seasoning for culinary experts. Its spicy and sophisticated taste, as well as rich and unique aroma attracts many lovers of cooking various dishes. Plus, garlic is known to have health benefits. It is quite simple to grow such a culture, and therefore it can be found in the dachas and garden plots of almost every person. However, few people know that there are many varieties and types of garlic. The main and most productive varieties are discussed in this article.

Classification

The variety of garlic varieties on the market always makes it difficult to choose a gardener or summer resident. In order to understand how to get a good harvest, let's figure out what are the seeds of garlic.

Different types of culture in their own way form the fruits and the plant itself. So, there are varieties of arrows (those that, in the process of their growth and development, form an arrow) and non-arrow (respectively, without the formation of arrows). But you should also know that garlic can be both technical and table, and only table varieties are suitable for using fruits in cooking, and technical ones for decorating a room, giving the room a peculiar aroma, since there are much more essential oils in them.

If you pay attention to the stem of the plant, you will notice that in some varieties it is hard, while in others it is soft. These are also different varieties of garlic: in the first, the stem grows directly from the root, and the maximum number of cloves can reach 8 pieces, in the second there is no stem at all, and the resulting cloves of the fruit (which can form much more - up to 20) are kept in the head thanks to the root lobe. The arrow of hard-stemmed garlic ends in a basket in which the seeds are located, collecting and planting them in the ground, you can get a one-toothed fruit.

The arrows themselves can be eaten. As a rule, they are used in large quantities for preparing oriental dishes, since the stems make the dishes tastier, juicier and spicier.

Seed garlic has its advantages for planting: it often shows good results, producing an excellent and tasty harvest. In addition, this is an excellent opportunity to revive and grow the variety that was lost for some reason, for example, due to the influence of pests or unfavorable weather conditions. Planting garlic seeds is as simple as planting any other seed crop.

As for the timing of ripening, there are varieties of early, mid and late ripening. Early varieties are preferred for those who want to get a portion of an excellent harvest at the very beginning of the summer season.

For those who like to store garlic at home as a kind of decor - to dry it, roll it up in decorative jars, etc. - it is worth noting that garlic husk is not only white (although it is more common), but also purple or pink. The latter options are more suitable for decorating a room, since they look unusual and bright, and attract attention.

Varieties

Since the varieties of garlic are so diverse that you can endlessly list them, we will consider further the main and most common types that can very easily be grown in a summer cottage or garden plot, and even at home on a windowsill or balcony.

• Dobrynya - the variety is distinguished by good germination, long shelf life and stable yield, the fruit heads are quite large, the taste is not very spicy, which attracts the attention of gourmets.This variety of garlic is often eaten raw due to its incredible flavor characteristics. Even novice gardeners can grow it, since it is unpretentious in care and less susceptible to various diseases than other types of this crop.
• "Bogatyr" - such names are usually given to those types of crops that truly differ in size from others. The large size of the heads of this variety of garlic is attractive for growing. Typically, the head weighs up to 85 grams, but sometimes it can weigh up to 115 grams! An unpretentious type of garlic to grow, which is suitable for all regions (the regions located in the middle lane may be the most productive for it).

• "Gulliver" Is another type of culture that can boast of its own description. Not susceptible to unnecessary diseases, has an excellent yield, pleasant taste, flat bulbs, easy to grow, produces arrows that can also be used for culinary purposes.
• "Sofievsky" - a low, but interesting variety of garlic, which grows to a maximum height of 70 centimeters, but at the same time has a large onion, the weight of which can sometimes be up to 100 grams, and cloves. From the point of view of taste preferences, it is perfect for those who like not very spicy, but moderate garlic aroma.

When growing, you should pay attention to the fact that in the summer this variety requires a sufficient amount of heat and light, and as for the winter period, it perfectly tolerates not only frosts, but also the most severe frosts (this is one of the clear advantages of this type of culture).

• Moskal - very large garlic, the head of which reaches 80 grams (usually 4 cloves) and has a slightly elongated shape. The shooter does not form, has a bright purple color of the scales, which attracts the attention of those gardeners for whom the appearance of the fruit is as important as its taste characteristics.
• "Rocambol" - an unusual type of garlic, at the first glance at which it is difficult to determine whether it is garlic or onion. This is due to the fact that this variety occupies a middle position between crops such as garlic and leeks. The leaves of the plant are up to 6 centimeters wide, so it is difficult to distinguish it from leeks. The plant is perennial and every year forms more and more large single-toothed heads. So, in the first year they reach 50 grams, in the second - already up to 100 grams.
• "Stallion" - the main advantages of this species are drought resistance, which is important for novice gardeners, good tolerance to low temperatures. Its immune system is so developed that the plant is practically not susceptible to pests and diseases.

Among all types of garlic, gardeners distinguish 2 main ones: spring and winter.

Spring

This type of garlic is planted in the ground at the very beginning of spring. Spring varieties are distinguished by an excellent, but small yield. However, in contrast to winter varieties, spring varieties have a longer keeping period, and their taste can be preserved for 12 months if the storage conditions are observed.

Spring varieties have the following differences:

• one onion culture can contain a large number of lobules (up to 30);
• as a rule, they do not have arrows (with the exception of a few varieties);
• the denticles in the central part are slightly smaller, since they are located in the head in a spiral;
• reproduction of such varieties is produced by cloves.

Winter

Winter garlic varieties have a high yield compared to spring varieties. It ripens much earlier, but is stored less, losing its flavor characteristics over time. In this case, the optimal storage conditions are as follows: the air temperature in the room should not drop below -4 degrees and should not be higher than 1 degrees Celsius, and the air humidity should be 75%.It is rather difficult to create such conditions, therefore, winter garlic is often replaced with spring garlic, despite the fact that the latter is not so attractive in appearance and size. Mainly, winter varieties are used for sale, cooking and processing.

The ideal time of the year for planting is late autumn, and the time for the first harvest is the last days of spring. At the same time, in the process of its growth and development, the culture significantly loses its juiciness.

There are the following differences between these varieties from spring varieties:

• a small number of cloves (up to 10) are formed in the bulb;
• the culture has an arrow on which an air bulb is subsequently formed, used for propagation;
• the slices in the fruit are arranged in 1 row.

The most productive options

For many, not only those varieties of garlic are attractive that have specific, different taste characteristics, but also those that have an increased percentage of germination and excellent yield indicators.

The best varieties, in the opinion of many, are those that are little dependent on weather conditions, are not subject to excessive attention from pests, and are resistant to various diseases. Large fruits are what are prized in modern cultures.

Among the giant varieties, one can distinguish those with incredible yields.

• "Titanium" - this type of garlic ripens from the moment of planting to the moment of harvest in 100 days. It is grown in open ground, it forms an arrow, it does not exceed 35 centimeters in height, and the tops of the plant can reach 3 centimeters. This variety has one feature: the weight of the heads is 150 grams, it is truly a giant among its congeners in the garden and vegetable garden. Purple pale scales hide perfectly white teeth, the number of which, depending on various factors, can vary from 4 to 6. As for the yield, up to two kilograms of fruit can be harvested from one square meter. The harvested crop has good storage performance, the total time is up to six months.
• "Alekseevsky" - sometimes this variety of garlic is called "Alekseevsky giant", this is due to the fact that it has very large heads, in which 4-5 cloves are formed, the total weight of which is sometimes up to 180 grams. Disease resistant, this variety has become very popular among both professionals and beginners who are just mastering the skills of growing this crop. But it is also worth noting the unusual taste of this variety of garlic - it is not just spicy, but has a sweetish taste, and therefore it is very often used for culinary purposes.

• "Casablanca" - a real giant among representatives of culture! In the head of the fetus, from 8 to 12 cloves are formed, the total weight of which can reach up to 200 grams. It is popular among gardeners due to the fact that it has good storage characteristics, is resistant to a wide variety of diseases, and its yield can surprise everyone - 55 t / ha.
• "Komsomolets" - among the presented types of garlic, this variety is perhaps one of the most demanded and popular among gardeners. The history of this variety began back in 1969 in Voronezh, where breeders began to develop measures for the cultivation of this type of garlic, which could produce an excellent harvest in the specific soil and climatic conditions of the Central Black Earth Region. It took 10 years to form the final version of this species resistant to cold temperatures, but it is very unpretentious in cultivation and can give a good harvest - up to one and a half kilograms of fruit can be obtained per 1 square meter. Dense stems up to 40 centimeters high are covered with a waxy coating, and the resulting arrows form at the ends of the bulbs, the total number of which can reach several hundred! The head of such garlic is dense and consists of cloves (7-10 pieces).

Which to choose?

In order for the selected variety of garlic to give the necessary results when growing, it is worth paying attention to the methods of storing the seeds. So, too warm conditions (up to 20 degrees Celsius in the room) complicate the growing season of the crop, but the head subsequently has a much larger size than those of those crops that were stored in less warm rooms. If the bulbs were stored at a temperature of 1 to 3 degrees Celsius. They will sprout faster, but the bulbs themselves will be much smaller. It all depends on the wishes of the gardener.

It is also worth paying attention to the season in which the crop is planted. If the process takes place before winter, then you need to pay attention to those varieties that have colorful husks (purple, lilac, pink), since they are not so whimsical to care for, are resistant to winter low temperatures.

A head of garlic will also say a lot about whether or not to plant it outdoors. First of all, it must be very large. In addition, it is worth examining it with special care, since the smallest damage to the outer layer of the head can affect the quality and quantity of the crop. The teeth should have approximately the same size, and their number should be more than 4. If there are fewer teeth in the head, this indicates that this culture is gradually degenerating, that is, it loses its properties for reproduction.

You can pay attention to other factors when choosing a crop for planting, it all depends on the purpose of growing, the ability to care for the plant, experience and the desire to get a good harvest.

For information on which variety of garlic to choose for planting, see the next video.