Review of the best grape varieties

Grapes were grown by our ancestors many centuries ago. The seeds of this ancient plant were found by archaeologists during excavations; they were stored in the ground for more than sixty million years. Grapes have excellent taste and a lot of useful qualities, and also contain nutrients. The best grape varieties will be discussed in our article. Descriptions of some species are presented in the video at the end of the article.

Important benefits of varieties

Determining which grape variety is better is not an easy task, novice breeders in Russia pay attention to the characteristics of each type, take into account significant qualities, which include the following:

• resistance to temperature extremes and unfavorable climatic conditions;
• the ability to give a rich harvest;
• resistance to various types of diseases;
• the size of the bunches and fruits;
• grouping of berries;
• active and rapid growth of vines;
• early maturation;
• resistance to insect damage.

Important factors for determining the best grape variety are also the rich taste and sleepiness of the pulp of the berries, the sweetness, their size and color.

Do not forget that the harvested grapes must be transported sometimes over very long distances. Therefore, the ideal grape variety should retain its appearance and taste for a long period of time. Stay juicy and tasty when it gets to the store shelves and to the customer's table.

Table and technical grapes

Our ancestors, who grew sweet berries and made wine from them, could not even imagine that in the process of evolution, grapes would be divided into two main types:

• technical grapes - used for the production of wines and other alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages;
• table grapes - eaten unprocessed, has a wonderful taste, aroma and appearance.

Covering and non-covering grapes

Grapes are very fond of warmth and freezing temperatures, therefore, it belongs to the covering plant species. Small frosts can kill its annual shoots. Old vines and mature shoots can withstand adverse weather conditions, but severe stress can subsequently affect the yield. Therefore, breeders have developed a special variety - a non-covering grape variety that is not afraid of unfavorable climatic conditions. Summer residents who have been growing this heat-loving plant for more than one year acquire frost-resistant varieties that adapt well to temperature changes in our country.

Covering types varieties include: "Codryanka", "Lora", "Kesha", "Moldova", "Arcadia" and "Kishmish".

To the uncovering: Jupiter, Venus, Isabella, Platovsky, Ontario, Lydia, Amethyst, Oasis, Alpha, Vatra, Andronova.

Variety "Codryanka"

The description and photo of the fruits of this variety arouse active interest among summer residents and increase the demand for this species among novice winegrowers. The berries "Codryanka" ripen, like the fruits of the parent varieties Marshalsky and Moldova, in 110-118 days. Wicker plants are large, strong, withstand a decent amount of harvest, the weight of one bunch can be from 0.4 to 1.5 kilograms.

A significant advantage of this variety is its rich, sweet taste. The length of one berry is about 3 centimeters, and the weight is 7 grams. The color of the fruit is blue-violet, very rich, the skin is practically not felt. The grapes tolerate transportation well, while maintaining their best qualities.

It's important to know! The main disadvantage of this variety is the crushing of the fruit, you can cope with this feature with the help of gibberellin, which has a positive effect on increasing the volume and weight of berries, and will also help to significantly reduce the number of seeds in them.

Isabella variety

Berries "Isabella" are black, with a slight bluish tinge, covered with a whitish bloom on top. The skin is dense, hiding the tender and juicy pulp, which has a pleasant taste and smell of strawberries. It is recommended to plant seedlings of this type in early spring or early winter. The variety is suitable for the Moscow region, gives a good harvest in this region. The berry reaches full maturity after 180 days from the moment the first buds appear. "Isabella" has strong and high wattle fence, on which there are a large number of medium-sized bunches. Growers note the high yield of this species, which can be more than 70 centners per hectare.

The best grape varieties with early ripening of berries

One of the most popular and well-known varieties among those that have a short ripening period and high yield, it is worth highlighting the "Pearl Sabo". It will take only 80 days for the appearance of mature fruits of this type. The berry has a pleasant nutmeg flavor. The only small drawback of Sabo Pearls is the small berries.

Competitive varieties often bear quite large fruits. The types of grapes that ripen early include:

• "Ekaro-35" - ripe fruits can be obtained as early as 88 days;
• "Galahard" - berries ripen on the 89th day;
• "Serafimovsky" - fruit ripening will not exceed 89 days.

Watch the video! Overview of over (ultra) early grape varieties

 

The best grape varieties

"Arcadia"

The parents of this variety, which turned out as a result of crossing, were the varieties "Moldova" and "Cardinal". Buyers willingly purchase this type because of the large bunches and large berries. Summer residents appreciate "Arcadia" for its resistance to low temperatures and various types of diseases, as well as for good yield and early ripening of berries. The variety is suitable for central Russia. On the palate, the fruit pulp is delicate and aromatic, with a characteristic nutmeg aftertaste. Arcadia does not like wet soil. Excess moisture that will flow to the roots of the plant can lead to cracking of the berries. Therefore, the plant should be watered with extreme caution, taking into account the weather conditions.

"Delight"

"Delight" ripens early, suitable for the Urals and Siberia, as well as for growing in other regions with unfavorable climatic conditions. The fruits are covered with a thin skin with a waxy coating. The fragrant pulp has a nutmeg flavor. Wicker plants can withstand temperatures up to 26 degrees below zero. It is resistant to the main types of diseases, it is recommended to treat it with a solution from phylloxera. One of the most popular and unpretentious varieties.

Interesting! Ripe berries can be on the bushes for a month and a half without losing their sweetness and pleasant taste.

"White kishmish"

Ripening periods are average, the variety is distinguished by small bunches. Berries are oval, seedless, very sweet. The thin, almost transparent skin makes the fruit vulnerable and unsuitable for transport. Therefore, the berries of this variety are either eaten immediately or dried raisins. Dry berries are a sweet and healthy addition to your diet. The scourge is strong and powerful, but the yield is low. The species needs pruning, protection from low temperatures and frost, as well as from pests and insects.

"Kesha"

Berries of the "Kesha" variety are sweet in taste, slightly sour, white with a couple of seeds inside. A plant with an average maturity of fruits, the vine has a tall and dense trunk. The fruits are resistant to transportation and frost. It is better to plant in areas well-lit by the sun with fertile soil. Often watering "Kesha" is not necessary; to increase the yield, it is recommended to use top dressing.

"Strashensky"

Berries are black, medium-early ripening. The fruits are delicious and very juicy. The weight of the bunch can reach 1 kilogram, the density is average. It is not recommended to transport ripe berries. Frost resistance - medium.The berries ripen unevenly, so the harvest is collected selectively. This allows the remaining berries to ripen and increase their sweetness. "Strashensky" needs pruning, depending on the region of cultivation. It tolerates well such diseases as: phylloxera, mildew. Resistant to spider mites. It is necessary to protect from gray rot and powdery mildew.

"Laura"

The berries of this variety ripen very early. The pulp of the fruit is sweet with a nutmeg flavor. The bunches are large, regular in shape, and can weigh up to 2.4 kilograms. Ripe berries tolerate transportation well and are very popular with customers. The variety is resistant to frost, withstands up to 20-23 degrees. Resistant to diseases such as gray rot and mildew, suitable for black soil and cultivation in other regions.

Advice! Bushes need pruning and pollination during flowering. These measures will significantly increase the yield and quality of fruits.

The powerful vine allows it to withstand large volumes of harvest, only 30% of the shoots remain non-bearing.

"Moldova"

The variety has a medium ripening period, time-tested, rich purple fruits with a slight bloom. Bunches are medium in size. The fruit pulp is dull and fleshy. The vine is powerful and tall, the bushes need to be constantly pruned to avoid heavy thickening. The resistance of the variety to frost is insignificant. "Moldova" copes well with fungal diseases and phylloxera, it is recommended to treat against powdery mildew. The species is sensitive to calcareous chlorosis. She tolerates transportation calmly, retaining all her taste. Bunches retain an attractive decorative appearance for a long time, therefore they are often planted for decoration next to a gazebo or a fence.

"Timur"

The hybrid species has an early ripening period. The berry pulp is juicy, with a pleasant nutmeg aroma, the peel turns into an amber tan in the sun.

Clusters are medium in size, large and dense. Resistant to frost and diseases of gray mold and mildew.

Important! "Timur" is susceptible to ticks. If suspicious swelling and red spots form on the leaves, then it is necessary to treat the plant with a preparation containing sulfur.

"Timur" is a very popular and well-known variety among experienced summer residents and winegrowers, since it does not require much effort to grow. Care consists in regular watering, feeding and pruning.

"Lady fingers"

A well-known table variety, which is often grown by experienced growers, despite the fact that the plant requires special care. The berries are long, pitted and have a rich and sweet taste. It is necessary to cover in the cold season, since the variety does not tolerate temperatures below -10 degrees below zero. Not resistant to diseases and pests, the vine requires treatment with special preparations.

"Mascot"

It has a medium-early ripening period. "Talisman" is resistant to diseases and pests, for example, gray clay and mildew, as well as low temperatures. One bunch, on average, weighs about 1 kilogram.

Berries are yellowish-white in color, large, with a nutmeg flavor. Ripe bunches can hang on the vine for a long time without losing their sweetness and flavor. In the winter season, it does not require shelter, it tolerates transportation well. Additional pollination before flowering will help to increase the yield.

"Hadji Murat"

The berries ripen from 125 to 135 days. It was bred by Tajik scientists as a result of crossing the "Transbaikal" and "Muscat of Hamburg" varieties. This species received a lot of positive feedback from summer residents. The species is resistant to temperatures down to -22 degrees, but grows much better in a greenhouse. Ripens up to 75 percent of all fruiting shoots. The weight of one bunch of berries is from 0.8 to 2.5 kilograms. The fruits are well stored and are resistant to transportation. "Hadji Murat" amazes with its high yield.

"Gorgeous"

It ripens in 110 days and is distinguished by a rich and dense pink berry color.The weight of one bunch is from 0.5 to 0.7 kilograms. Possesses average resistance to diseases and pests. The weight of one berry is 6 grams, and the length is 3 centimeters. The pulp tastes juicy and fresh, with a thin skin.

It's important to know! The Krasotka variety does not tolerate an excess of moisture, excess liquid can lead to the fact that the berries will burst during ripening. Therefore, water should be done with caution and only when necessary.

"Monarch"

At an average ripening period, the vine can weigh up to 0.9 kilograms; in mature form, one vine bears more than 7 kilograms of berries. "Monarch" has a high yield.

The plant is distinguished by good growth and fruit ripening. The grape is frost-resistant and tolerates many diseases well. The berries are large, yellow in color, the weight of one fruit is about 20 grams. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, has an excellent taste. Ripe berries are stored for a long time and tolerate transportation well.

White grape varieties

• Chardonnay - used to create white wines and champagne. The ripening period of berries is early, the species is unpretentious in care. Dry weather is most favorable for him. The fruits are green-white in color, oval in shape, the weight of the bunch is 1.15 kilograms.
• Riesling - the bunch weighs 0.9 kilograms, the berries are yellowish-green in color, conical in shape. The variety is resistant to all diseases, except for the tick.
• Aligote has a high yield. The weight of the bunch is 103 grams, the berries are yellowish, the flesh is tender. It is not recommended to grow in areas with a humid climate, as it may be susceptible to gray mold.

Black grape varieties

• "Cabernet" - late ripening period, perfectly tolerates low temperatures and is resistant to diseases. The bunches are small, the berries are herbaceous with a nightshade flavor.
• "Merlot" - black berries with a bloom. It tolerates frost well and gives an excellent harvest. Can fall prey to gray mold.

Conclusion

There are a great many types of grapes in the world and they are all very popular, since it is an irreplaceable product for mankind. That is why scientists are still working on developing new varieties with an improved set of qualities and advantages. Vineyards deservedly occupy more and more space on our land.

Watch the video! Review of the 10 best grape varieties of 2017

For modern gardeners of the southern and northern regions of our country and neighboring countries, there are no problems with the choice of grape varieties and varieties due to the variety of dessert and technical types of thermophilic culture. A vine with fruits of different shades and sizes, having a unique taste and aroma, with proper care, allows you to experiment on the garden plot and grow adapted grape hybrids, bred in the last decade by Russian and foreign breeders.

The best dessert grape varieties with a description and a brief description

Growing a decent harvest of early-maturing varieties in the Ural vineyards, in Bashkiria or in Siberia and the Far East used to be a wonder, now it is a common phenomenon, spreading even among inexperienced gardeners. In the southern regions of our country and in Ukraine, mid-season and late table and universal varieties of thermophilic culture are successfully grown. Knowing the peculiarities of agricultural technology, amateur gardeners of the Moscow region and St. Petersburg have learned to grow wine grape varieties intended for open ground, rare dessert varieties of grape vines with specific cultivation features. Most often, novice gardeners do not attach importance to the names of hybrids, preferring to work on "white" and "black" grapes. But knowing the names of species and varieties of grapes with white, dark purple and pink fruits, you can easily understand the agricultural technology of culture and adapt to their characteristics.

The best varieties of white dessert grapes

White-fruited table grapes are good both fresh and processed for compotes and jams.New varieties, developed by breeders, make it possible to obtain large, juicy berries of early and mid-season varieties in the southern regions and in the harsh northern ones. A vine with milky white fruits is a natural phenomenon, the result of a mutation of wild-growing grapes that have lost the ability to produce anthocyanins, which are responsible for the dark color of the berries..

To select the best grape varieties, they are judged according to the following criteria:

1. yield;
2. quality characteristics of fruits (sugar content and acidity);
3. resistance to diseases of the vine;
4. frost resistance.

Each person has their own preferences. Sometimes large, beautiful berries of modern breeding varieties with a fresh taste may seem unclaimed and ordinary to someone, these gardeners prefer sweet, but small and loose clusters of raisins. For other grape lovers, not only the qualitative characteristics of the berries are important, but also decorativeness, the adaptation of the vine to certain climatic conditions. There are dozens of the newest varieties that are still difficult to evaluate, but they already have high yields and a bright, rich fruit taste.... For example, Atlantic, a dessert variety with pink, elongated fruits, juicy and aromatic, with floral-fruity notes; nutmeg variety Silver; Alibaba with harmonious berry taste and black-fruited Carmen; an unusual variety Zephyr with raspberry-pink tassels and a Rostov hybrid Anyuta with the aroma of a tea rose and dense pulp.

Photo Gallery: Latest Grape Hybrids

The leading varieties of white-fruited grapes include:

• Arcadia is an early ripe variety, bred in Ukraine (crossing of Moldova and Cardinal), has dense clusters up to 2 kg. A vigorous plant does not suffer from overload and gives an excellent harvest in central Russia and Siberia, the Urals and the Far East. Ripening period 105-115 days. Berries are light green, with dense, juicy pulp, sweet with moderate nutmeg; 2-3 bones are found. Pruning is carried out for 8-12 buds, processed at least 2 times a season from powdery mildew.

  Early ripe grade Arcadia

• Laura (Flora) - a hybrid obtained more than 20 years ago, with light milky oval berries and a pointed tip of the fruit. Crispy, moderately sweet with a pronounced nutmeg aroma. Bunches grow up to 900 g, ripening period - 110-115 days. The medium-sized bole develops well with fan molding, begins to bear fruit for 4 years; trimming for 8-10 eyes. The variety is valued for its frost resistance and for the absence of peeling and cracking of the fruit.

  Laura table white grapes

• White kishmish (seedless) is an early ripe variety with round berries, aromatic and juicy. Fruits are light green, in ripeness - with a blush. The bunch is loose, large, weighing from 500 to 1200 g. The berry is loved for its balanced composition of sugar and acids, they are excellent for drying, freezing and do not contain seeds. A medium-sized plant finally ripens in 140–160 days. Requires trimming for 7-10 eyes. The variety is cultivated in central Russia and in the south.

  The sweetest white grapes White Kishmish

The varieties of Kishmish include the hybrid variety Volodar (early) with large, dense clusters and yellow-green fruits; and Kishmish 342 (Hungarian), obtained as a result of crossing Vilar Blanc and Sidlis Perlet, is an ultra-early variety with elongated fruits of a milky green shade with a tan, sweet and aromatic. The berries retain their presentation for a long time and do not fall off. Varietal varieties of white-fruited grapes of the subspecies kishmish - Zolotse, Talisman (Kesha), Arsenyevsky are considered no less valuable.

Photo gallery: white fruit varieties of dessert grapes

The variety White CoKl of domestic selection, which appeared in the 21st century, firmly tolerates frosts down to -25 ° C and is not damaged by powdery mildew. Powerful bushes are cut into 10 eyes and try not to overload. Then the large, oblong fruits will be sweet and moderately firm.The weight of grape clusters is from 400 to 700 g.

Modern hybrid White Cockle

A hardy and productive variety, Delight quickly takes root and begins to bear fruit in the 4th or 5th year. The early ripening hybrid is thermophilic and responsive to feeding. The result of the gardener's painstaking work will be huge dense clusters weighing 800-1600 g with sweet, large yellow-green berries with a pronounced nutmeg taste. Despite the short pruning, up to 30 kg of the crop is obtained from the bush.

Large-fruited white grapes Delight

In a modern vineyard, Platov's late Jubilee is sure to meet with a harmonious, pleasant taste. For 125–140 days, the bunches on average gain 700 g. The Kostrykin Memory Hybrid became famous for its unpretentiousness and moderate growth of shoots (the vine ripens by 50%). The plant, with a yield of up to 15 kg from one bush, sometimes peas, but is not damaged by wasps and does not require shelter in the middle lane. The average bunch of grapes grows up to 1600 g. Ladies finger with moderate acidity will delight not only with its decorative bunch, but also with delicious fruits. Average weight of brushes - 900 g.

Photo gallery: the best white grapes

The most delicious pink grapes

Hybrid varieties and varieties of pink-fruited vines are attractive in appearance and do not disappoint in taste characteristics. Berries can be from pale pink to deep raspberry shades, so such grapes are often added to wine and canned.

• Early Russian - an unpretentious early ripening variety of dessert grapes ripens at the end of July, loose clusters on average gain up to 600 g. The hybrid grows in the south, the Far East, Bashkiria and Siberia. Light nutmeg with an admixture of caramel aftertaste is loved by every gardener of the middle lane. Rounded, dark pink berries on a tall bush gain sugars - 22%, acids - 7 g / l. 2-3 inflorescences are left on the shoots. The fruit is sometimes cracked and damaged by wasps.

  Early Russian grapes grows in many regions of our country

  • By crossing Kesha and Rizamat, breeder Kapelyushny bred an ultra-early variety (ripening period of 95 days) Julian, which in less than two decades became popular and fell in love with many growers for its unusual taste and shape. A hybrid with pink, elongated berries, weighing up to 20 g alone, and a powerful vine, grows best in a sunny area; it is cut into 8-10 buds. Juliana's fruits are juicy and moderately sweet, with light fruity notes.

    Ultra early grape hybrid Julian

  • Tason is an early domestic variety with pale pink, medium-sized oval berries, crunchy, juicy pulp, with a delicate fruity-honey aroma; the view was developed by specialists of the VNIIViV named after Ya.I. Potapenko. The hybrid is valued for its yield - up to 35 kg per bush with an average bunch - 800 g. Ripening period - 110-120 days. Pruning vines - 10-12 eyes. Be sure to carry out processing from powdery mildew and mildew.

    Delicate Muscat of Tason grapes was appreciated by many gardeners in Russia

  • Hybrid Transfiguration - these are uniformly colored pale pink, oval berries with a thin skin and juicy pulp. We love the variety from Krainov's "troika" (Yubiley Novocherkassky, Victor, Transfiguration) for its unpretentiousness and a high degree of adaptation to many climatic features. Therefore, the Transfiguration is grown in the conditions of the Siberian summer and in Bashkiria, where the berry has a more intense crimson color. Bisexual flowers are perfectly pollinated. A vigorous plant with regular feeding gives a stable yield - 1–1.5 kg per bunch of grapes, up to 40 kg of selected fruits are harvested from one plant.

    Leader of the "Krainov Troika" - grade Preobrazhenie

  • Libya is the brainchild of V.V. Zagorulko, bred in the 90s. The variety is very sweet (sugar content - 26%), aromatic, non-capricious. Peat irrigation and powdery mildew are rare. The berries are oval, pink-purple, with fleshy, nutmeg pulp and thin skin. Ripening period 105 days. The flower is bisexual. Shoots are cut shortly, for 4-6 buds.Among the shortcomings, shedding of ripe fruits and damage by wasps were noted.

    Super early variety Libya

Among the dessert grape varieties, Veles is also especially distinguished. The “parents” of the hybrid are Rusbol and Sofia, amazing in taste and with a stable yield. Veles berries are large, oval, intense pink with a purple tint, the flesh is amber, the skin is moderately dense. There are rudiments in the berries. Veles was appreciated for the muscat-floral aroma of the fruit and the very early ripening period of the first berries - up to 100 days. Vigorous bush, pruning - medium (6-8 buds); sugar content - 23%, acidity - 5 g / l. Covering variety builds up brushes up to 1.8 kg, sometimes more than 2 kg. Fruits are prone to cracking and shedding.

Hybrid Victor from Krainov's "troika" has received attention due to its strong immunity to many diseases of grapes. Winegrowers have long been fond of the berries of the variety, which have an unusual shape and with a bright, nutmeg taste and floral notes. Irregularly colored pink-red finger fruits with juicy pulp ripen 110 days from the beginning of the growing season. The average weight of a bunch is 700 g. The yield reaches 10 kg from one grape bush. To obtain a stable harvest, they practice pruning by 4-6 buds and a moderate load during fruit formation. The main advantages of the hybrid form are high sugar content and transportability.

Asian hybrid Rizamat with finger-like, large (15–20 g), violet-red berries, distinguished by large clusters - from 1 kg to 2.2 kg. Ripening period - 125 days. The heat-loving variety is intended for cultivation in the southern regions, the fruits are moderately sweet, with a light nutmeg; the vine is powerful, pruned into 8-10 buds. Despite the usual taste, Rizamat is loved for its high yield and beautiful grape clusters.

Delicate pink, oval berries of the Gourmet variety in the southern latitudes ripen at the end of July, in the middle lane - at the beginning of August. Author's stem V.I. Krainova is powerful, branched, with a yield of up to 10–12 kg per plant. When tasting the fruit, fruity notes and a floral-honey aroma are especially noticeable. The grape variety Rumba of the Rostov breeder Kapelyushny is similar to this hybrid; it ripens even earlier than the Gourmet (Red Delight + Cherrel). GF Rumba is very sweet - 23% sugar, with a share of sourness - 6 g / l. Fragrant, juicy berries are perfectly preserved and are not damaged by insects due to the tart, waxy skin.

On a par with these early ripening hybrids in terms of taste, I would like to add V.V. Zagorulko - Sofia, in which the best qualities of two famous varieties are collected - the large-fruited Arkadia and the unforgettable Kishmish radiant nutmeg. Sofia are large, dense clusters (up to 1.5 kg) with pink-purple conical berries, most often they do not contain seeds.

We love Krainov's pink peach breeding for frost resistance and mildew resistance. Flowers are bisexual. The grape clusters of the hybrid are loose, grow up to 1.2 kg, berries with a flavor of nutmeg ripen at the end of August. The variety does not tolerate overload and is picky about feeding. With improper care, the berry becomes smaller and sour, but this does not detract from the advantages of a plant that brings a decent harvest equally in Central Russia, the Urals and Udmurtia.

But also one cannot leave aside the varietal flamingo pink grapes, similar in shape and taste to Pink peach - with oval, pinkish-red juicy berries and loose clusters up to 1 kg. A hybrid from Moldova requires pruning for 4-6 buds and does not need shelter for the winter (in the south and in central Russia).

Photo gallery: the best pink-fruited grape varieties

Rose-fruited grapes Arched, like the hybrid form of the Original, are similar in fruit size. Arched ripens at the end of August, berries with light nutmeg contain sugars - 18%, acids - 4–5 g / l; juicy, with floral notes. Original grapes - late variety, fruits are rich in sugars - 22%, moderate acidity - 6 g / l.The pulp is watery, but sweet, with a simple taste. These varietal hybrids are practically not susceptible to peas. Moderately sweet Aroky is usually used for wine.

Vigorous variety Arochny

Dense bunches of the Original variety with conical berries and a bright purple color are stored in a cool room for more than 4–5 months.

Unusual in shape, tasty and sweet berries of the Original variety are stored for a long time

The best varieties of black dessert grapes

Black-fruited grapes, in comparison with their light-colored "brothers", contain the most monosaccharides and vitamins, are excellent for conservation and winemaking, and seedless varieties are ideal for making raisins and jam. Bright, rich color of bunches, rich in anthocyanins, serves as a decoration of the garden area.

Most amateur gardeners among dark-fruited grape varieties choose the following modern hybrids.

• Baikonur is an early ripe species - the brainchild of the domestic selection of E.G. Pavlovsky. Dense, voluminous bunches up to 1.2 kg fall on the table at the end of July. The crunchy pulp of dark blue berries with thin nutmeg contains up to 3 seeds, is rich in sugar - 21%. The fruits are able to hang on the bushes for a long time and not crumble. The variety ripens in Udmurtia and Siberia, requires shelter for the winter.

  Early ripe Baikonur with blue fruits

• The early variety Codryanka with nutmeg flavor and sweetness is loved by 23% for its abundant fruiting and beautiful clusters. The time-tested variety grows on any soil, provided that the plant is regularly fed, watered and treated against powdery mildew. The weight of the grape clusters is 0.8–1 kg, the berries are dark purple with thin skin. The hybrid is cultivated in most regions of Russia - in the southern regions and in the north, in Transbaikalia and in the Urals.

  Dark-fruited hybrid Kodryanka

• The unpretentious Russian hybrid Nadezhda Azos (Moldova + Cardinal) is considered the most delicious black grapes. Dark blue, sweet-sour (sugar - 17%, acid - 7%), the fruits are covered with a thin skin, protection from wasps is required. The delicate nutmeg and juicy flesh justify the rare peas of the hybrid plant. The weight of the bunches is 800 g, the ripening period is 125 days. Pruning for 4-6 buds.

  Russian hybrid Nadezhda Azos

• Super early Athos ripens on the 95th day from the beginning of the growing season, the shoots are cut into 7 eyes. A ripe bunch of hybrid forms reaches 1500 g, the variety rarely suffers from insects and powdery mildew. Large blue-black fruits grow on cylindrical bunches, suitable not only for fresh consumption, but also in wines, jams, compotes. The yield of one plant is 15-18 kg.

  Frost hardy and drought tolerant, Athos

• Surprisingly large, elongated fruit of grapes Odessa souvenir, received in Ukraine. The berries, blue with a black tint, are covered with a waxy coating and contain 4 seeds. The hybrid ripens in early autumn (brush weight - 0.5–0.8 kg). The berries are distinguished by keeping quality, when overexposed on the bush, they do not crumble. Sugar content - 16%, acidity - 6g / l. Flowers are bisexual. Shoots are cut into 8 eyes. Used in winemaking and homemade preparations.

  Sweet berries of the Odessa souvenir variety are a little sour and are suitable for making wines and compotes

Among the dark-fruited varieties, some also consider Black Delight (Dolores + Early Russian) the most reliable and productive, which ripens after 110 days. The variety is successfully grown in Siberia and the Far East. A vigorous bush grows on the arches, the brushes are harvested at a weight of 0.6–0.8 g. The Asian variety Black Kishmish (Talisman + Glenora) also earned a high rating among winegrowers. Oval dark blue fruits contain a moderate amount of sugar, they are often used for drying and in compotes. The fruit does not contain seeds. The variety is poorly resistant to mildew infestation. Ekaro 35 is considered the earliest black grape, the berries are purple, round; clusters weigh an average of 400 g. Fruits are rich, sweet, with a specific floral aroma.

Photo gallery: the best black grapes

Black finger is a foreign seedless variety with elongated blue berries with a delicate nutmeg flavor and is appreciated for its impressive fruit size. The heat-loving variety does not tolerate waterlogging, the amount of sugar is 19%, acid is 7 g / l.

Bunch of Hybrid Black Finger

A relatively young American variety Jupiter with an isable taste and pleasant sweetness, they managed to fall in love with their excellent taste (sugar - 21%, acid - 5 g / l), cone-shaped fruits and expressive bunch shape. Trim for 8 eyes. The early ripe hybrid has relatively small (300–500 g) conical clusters. When overripe, the berries soften and lose their taste.

"Overseas" hybrid Jupiter

Black cherry of amateur selection by Vishnevetsky was bred a little over 10 years ago. Among the early varieties, the very first ripens (95–105 days). The weight of the fruit clusters is 400–700 g, the taste is cherry-silk, the flesh is firm and juicy. Berries do not crack, do not crumble; the hybrid is resistant to disease.

Hybrid Black Cherry

Description and brief characteristics of the best technical (wine) grape varieties

Technical grape varieties, regardless of ripening periods, are raw materials for winemaking... Depending on the intensity of the color and size of the fruit, grapes are used for the preparation of wines and cognac drinks (rose-fruited and black grape varieties more often), for compotes, preserves, jams; for the preparation of raisins, candied fruits, concentrated juices - both white and dark grape varieties.

The most common and widely known table and technical variety is the Isabella grape. Violet-blue, round berries, tightly sitting on a bunch, are distinguished by a high yield - up to 50 kg per bush. Juicy, medium-sized fruits with a specific isable aroma (usually berry-refreshing taste) ripen in 140–160 days. A vigorous bush requires short pruning (5 buds) and a sunny, wind-protected area. In general, the Isabella wine variety is undemanding and resistant to many diseases. 16 -17% - sugar, 5-6 g / l - acid - in the flesh of the Isabella variety. Gives an excellent harvest in Central Russia, the Urals, Udmurtia, Bashkiria.

Technical grade Isabella

Another variety intended for winemaking, Vesta, is appreciated for its excellent wintering without shelter and high yields even in cold, damp summers. Sugar content - 25%, acid - 7 g / l. Blue-violet berries form moderately dense clusters, weighing up to 250 g. The juice is not colored, the pulp is juicy. Pruning for 4 buds. The vine is vigorous. The variety is cultivated for making red table wine.

Dense clusters of the Vesta wine variety

Platovsky is a variety of wine and dessert grapes used to make table wines. A hybrid in central Russia and the Far East pleases with an amazing harvest already 115-135 days from the beginning of the growing season. The berries are white with a green tint, round, juicy, small clusters (200 g), very dense. Sugar content - 20%, acidity - 6 g / l. The vine is cut short enough (3-4 eyes), for the winter it is recommended to cover only in the zone of risky agriculture (Siberia, the Far East, the Urals).

White-fruited technical grape variety Platovsky

Late ripening white-fruited variety The firstborn of Magarach forms clusters up to 200 g, is valued for its harmonious, pleasant taste, delicate skin. The berries are white, round, the brushes are elongated, loose. Sugar - 22%, acid - 8 g / l. The wine from Pervenets is light, with light nutmeg and fruity notes. An erect, powerful bush with an openwork crown is not covered for the winter and is often used as an arbor culture.

White-fruited technical grade Firstborn of Magaracha

Table: qualitative characteristics of some technical grape varieties

Photo gallery: varieties of technical grapes

The finest versatile table grape varieties

Lydia is the most common versatile variety, the juicy, sweet fruits of which with a spicy skin are loved by many gardeners. The vine is obtained from seedlings of the wild growing Vitis labrusca. Thanks to its powerful stem and decorative liana, the isabelle variety has spread not only as a table-technical grape, but also as an ornamental culture. Productivity - up to 25-30 kg per bush. An average bunch weighs about 400 g. Overripe berries crumble and rot, a ripe harvest (after 150–160 days) is ideal for juices and wines.

Universal variety Lydia

Lydia ripens in mid-September, but we begin to pluck the first berries in mid-August. The fruits become deep red, juicy and aromatic, only slightly sour. If there is no alternative, at the end of August Lydia is a decent berry dessert on the festive table. Berries are rarely affected by mildew and powdery mildew; wasps are also not very interested in fruits due to the astringency of the skin and sourness of the pulp. At the end of September - at the beginning of October, we pick off the last bunches. At this time of the year, they become very fragrant, lined with the first frosts, acquire a honey flavor and practically do not taste bitter. Such "late" grape clusters produce an amazing compote, fragrant and full-bodied.

Lydia grows in a well-warmed sunny place and is always watered and fed. Exclusively due to the attentive attitude, the berries of an ordinary "average" universal variety do not peas, do not crack, very rarely spoil and can hang on the vine until the November frost. This prolongs the freshness and shelf life of the crop, which in favorable years can exceed all statistical averages. Record - 60 kg of selected berries from an 8-year-old bush. But the bush is quite powerful, formed by one side (two "shoulders") on the gazebo, the other (2 branches) - on a metal support fixed to the brick wall of a residential building. That is, the vine is located in a place sheltered from the winds, takes heat from the wall and regularly receives watering with settled, warm water and is fed with organic matter (up to 6 times per summer). This ensures a stable yield and sweetness of the smallest and unripe berries.

Despite the tart skin and the presence of up to 4 seeds, grapes are well complemented by canned compote and jam. It is difficult to believe that the variety is not very popular due to its simplicity of tasting qualities and rare, light bunches. We love the imperfect, simple taste of Lydia grapes for the bright, rich aroma and preservation of the fruits indoors at a temperature of +15 + 20 ° C for up to 2 months.

Hungarian white pearl universal grade suitable for processing and fresh consumption... Amber-yellow, round fruits with subtle nutmeg notes grow on conical clusters. The vine ripens by 80%. Fruit cluster weight - 150-200 g. Pruning - 6-8 buds. Sugar content - 20%, acidity - 7 g / l. A shrub with an average ripening period (120-140 days) is grown in Belarus and Ukraine, in the Urals and Siberia, as well as in central Russia.

Universal White Pearl

Table-technical grade Black Pearl is a relative of Magarachi, clusters of about 300 g, berries are round, dark blue in color, with sourness and light strawberry nutmeg. Sugar content - 24%, acidity - 6 g / l. Cut grapes for 3-4 eyes, yield in favorable years - up to 15 kg from one bush. A frost-resistant variety of domestic selection was bred in Tula specifically for the production of high-quality dessert wines.

Variety for food and winemaking - Black Pearl

Pink Muscat is a medium-sized table-wine hybrid with bunches of up to 0.2 kg, oval, pink-red berries with a waxy coating. Fruits are fragrant, with floral notes, often used for winemaking, they will be an excellent berry dessert on the table. Average yield - 4-6 kg per bush. The variety is vulnerable to temperature extremes, is affected by powdery mildew and requires fertile soils and fertilizing.

Grape variety Muscat pink

Chassela white, pink and nutmeg is a variety of grapes, which is often referred to as universal varieties. The hybrids are similar in their tasting characteristics, Chassela white (yellow-white, round berries, bunches weighing 190 g) ripens earlier than pink (pink-raspberry fruits with dense skin, brush weight - 250 g); Shasla nutmeg with yellow-green berries has a strawberry flavor, ripens much faster than all varieties of this subspecies. Grapes with sweet, juicy fruits look great on the table and are often highly prized for nutmeg and sugariness when tasting. All types of Chasselas grapes are suitable for wine. Frost-resistant and undemanding grape hybrids are suitable for the zone of risky farming - Moscow region, Petersburg, Bashkiria, Udmurtia, Siberia and the Far East.

Some of the best grape varieties in Russia

There are more than a thousand excellent early, middle and late grape varieties, the purpose of which is the most varied - some are good as a dessert, others for wine and preservation, some table and technical varieties are universal.

Video: the best grape varieties (with a short description)

The best grape varieties for the Moscow region and St. Petersburg

Unstable temperatures, rainy summers in the Moscow region and possible prolonged return frosts - these factors are always taken into account when choosing a grape variety. Therefore, more often in the garden plots near Moscow, early varieties grow - white-fruited Tason, Krasa Severa, Yubiley Novocherkassky, Rusven and the relatively early blue Athos.

In the damp temperate continental climate of St. Petersburg, a fruitful table hybrid in Memory of Dombkovskaya with dark blue fruits, early ripe Laura with large milk-green berries, Alyoshenkin, Harold, Libya, Druzhba are safely cultivated.

Resistant to diseases and low temperatures White maxi are distinguished by white-green large berries with sourness and fruity aroma. Of the technical varieties, gardeners near Moscow and St. Petersburg choose the uncompromising variety Lydia.

Video: the best grape varieties for the Moscow region and St. Petersburg

The best grape varieties for growing in Siberia and the Urals

Siberian gardeners practice the cultivation of frost-resistant early-ripening grape varieties - Tason, Timur, white-fruited Tukai; Rochefort, Super extra, White miracle, Cardinal and Codryanka with purple bunches, Delight, White giant are also popular. For winemaking, no doubt, Isobella and Lydia. The berries of Sharov's selection never fail: Sharova's Muscat and Sharov's Riddle.

Photo gallery: grape varieties for cultivation in Siberia

Video: the best grape varieties for the Urals and Siberia

The best grape varieties in Ukraine

The mild, southern climate and long, hot summers allow growing a variety of varieties of middle, early and late grapes for fresh use, making wine, juices, stewed fruit, candied fruits. Arcadia, Libya, Delight, Julian, Codryanka - ripen in mid-July. Maria Magdalene, Sphinx, Charlie with large dark purple bunches are popular ultra-early varieties; followed by hybrids with light green fruits - Bogatyanovsky, Aramis, Vanyusha, Lancelot, Lyubimy. In early August, the Odessa souvenir, Sigma, Romeo, Strashensky ripen. And at the end of summer, a rich harvest of dessert varieties Zagrava, Sentyabrina, Moldova is harvested; wine hybrids - Rodnichok, Isabella, Alpha.

Photo gallery: the best grape varieties for Ukraine

The best grape varieties in Bashkiria and Udmurtia

The famous hybrids of Sharov, Memory of Dombkovskaya and Korinka Russian are distinguished as the very first for the zone of risky agriculture in Bashkiria and Udmurtia. Super-early and medium-ripening varieties fully ripen and do not suffer from recurrent frosts: Super extra, Alladin, Saratov's Gift, Baikonur, Libya, Monarch. Not uncommon - Radiant Kishmish, Rumba and Early Violet. Working varieties are considered to be fruitful hybrids of Codryanka and Charlie.

Photo gallery: some of the best varieties of Bashkiria and Udmurtia

To prevent the berries from peeling and crumbling in the harsh Bashkir climate, it is imperative to treat the vine with various biostimulants (for example, Gibberellin)

Reviews

Working on new and better varieties, breeders take into account the demand for berry forms and their adaptation rates to different climatic conditions; and the development of winemaking forces amateur gardeners to work on the yield of technical and universal varieties. In any case, the most delicious and harvestable grape hybrids are those that are grown with their own hands on a personal garden plot. If you work tirelessly, even an ordinary universal grape variety will give you berries of amazing taste and aroma that will appeal to any gourmet.

Mena's name is Oksana. By education - an accountant, by vocation - an artist and a mother. I love to travel and appreciate the sincerity and reliability in people. Rate the article:

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Grapes were grown by our ancestors many centuries ago. The seeds of this ancient plant were found by archaeologists during excavations; they were stored in the ground for more than sixty million years. Grape berries have excellent taste and a lot of useful qualities, and also contain nutrients. The best grape varieties will be discussed in our article. Descriptions of some species are presented in the video at the end of the article.

Important benefits of varieties

Determining which grape variety is better is not an easy task, novice breeders in Russia pay attention to the characteristics of each type, take into account significant qualities, which include the following:

• resistance to temperature extremes and unfavorable climatic conditions;
• the ability to give a rich harvest;
• resistance to various types of diseases;
• the size of the bunches and fruits;
• grouping of berries;
• active and rapid growth of vines;
• early maturation;
• resistance to insect damage.

Important factors for determining the best grape variety are also the rich taste and sleepiness of the pulp of the berries, the sweetness, their size and color.

Do not forget that the harvested grapes must be transported sometimes over very long distances. Therefore, the ideal grape variety should retain its appearance and taste for a long period of time. Stay juicy and tasty when it hits the store shelves and on the table to the buyer.

Table and technical grapes

Our ancestors, who grew sweet berries and made wine from them, could not even imagine that in the process of evolution, grapes would be divided into two main types:

• technical grapes - used for the production of wines and other alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages;
• table grapes - eaten unprocessed, has a wonderful taste, aroma and appearance.

Covering and non-covering grapes

Grapes are very fond of warmth and freezing temperatures, therefore it belongs to the covering plant species. Light frosts can kill its annual shoots. Old vines and mature shoots can withstand adverse weather conditions, but severe stress can subsequently affect the yield. Therefore, breeders have developed a special variety - a non-covering grape variety that is not afraid of unfavorable climatic conditions. Summer residents who have been growing this heat-loving plant for more than one year acquire frost-resistant varieties that adapt well to temperature changes in our country.

Covering types varieties include: "Codryanka", "Lora", "Kesha", "Moldova", "Arcadia" and "Kishmish".

To the uncovering: Jupiter, Venus, Isabella, Platovsky, Ontario, Lydia, Amethyst, Oasis, Alpha, Vatra, Andronova.

Variety "Codryanka"

The description and photo of the fruits of this variety arouse active interest among summer residents and increase the demand for this species among novice winegrowers. The berries "Codryanka" ripen in 110-118 days, as do the fruits of the parent varieties Marshalsky and Moldova. Wicker plants are large, strong, withstand decent harvest volumes, the weight of one bunch can be from 0.4 to 1.5 kilograms.

A significant advantage of this variety is its rich, sweet taste. The length of one berry is about 3 centimeters, and the weight is 7 grams. The color of the fruit is blue-violet, very rich, the skin is practically not felt. The grapes tolerate transportation well, while maintaining their best qualities.

It's important to know! The main disadvantage of this variety is the crushing of the fruit, you can cope with this feature with the help of gibberellin, which has a positive effect on increasing the volume and weight of berries, and will also help to significantly reduce the number of seeds in them.

Isabella variety

Berries "Isabella" are black, with a slight bluish tinge, covered with a whitish bloom on top. The skin is dense, hiding the tender and juicy pulp, which has a pleasant taste and smell of strawberries. It is recommended to plant seedlings of this type in early spring or early winter. The variety is suitable for the Moscow region, gives a good harvest in this region. The berry reaches full maturity after 180 days from the moment the first buds appear. "Isabella" has powerful and high wattle fence, on which there are a large number of medium-sized bunches. Growers note the high yield of this species, which can be more than 70 centners per hectare.

The best grape varieties with an early ripening of berries

One of the most popular and well-known varieties among those that have a short ripening period and high yield, it is worth highlighting the "Pearl Sabo". It will take only 80 days for the appearance of mature fruits of this type. The berry has a pleasant nutmeg flavor. The only small drawback of Sabo Pearls is the small berries.

Competitive varieties often bear quite large fruits. The types of grapes that ripen early include:

• "Ekaro-35" - ripe fruits can be obtained as early as 88 days;
• "Galahard" - berries ripen on the 89th day;
• "Serafimovsky" - fruit ripening will not exceed 89 days.

Watch the video! Overview of over (ultra) early grape varieties

 

The best grape varieties

"Arcadia"

The parents of this variety, which turned out as a result of crossing, were the varieties "Moldova" and "Cardinal". Buyers willingly purchase this type because of the large bunches and large berries. Summer residents appreciate "Arcadia" for its resistance to low temperatures and various types of diseases, as well as for good yield and early ripening of berries. The variety is suitable for central Russia. On the palate, the fruit pulp is tender and aromatic, with a characteristic nutmeg aftertaste. Arcadia does not like wet soil. Excess moisture that will flow to the roots of the plant can lead to cracking of the berries. Therefore, the plant should be watered with extreme caution, taking into account the weather conditions.

"Delight"

"Delight" ripens early, suitable for the Urals and Siberia, as well as for growing in other regions with unfavorable climatic conditions. The fruits are covered with a thin skin with a waxy coating. The fragrant pulp has a nutmeg flavor. Wicker plants can withstand temperatures up to 26 degrees below zero. It is resistant to the main types of diseases, it is recommended to treat it with a solution from phylloxera. One of the most popular and unpretentious varieties.

Interesting! Ripe berries can be on the bushes for a month and a half without losing their sweetness and pleasant taste.

"White kishmish"

Ripening periods are average, the variety is distinguished by small bunches. Berries are oval, seedless, very sweet.The thin, almost transparent skin makes the fruit vulnerable and unsuitable for transport. Therefore, the berries of this variety are either eaten immediately or dried raisins. Dry berries are a sweet and healthy addition to your diet. The scourge is strong and powerful, but the yield is low. The species needs pruning, protection from low temperatures and frost, as well as from pests and insects.

"Kesha"

Berries of the "Kesha" variety are sweet in taste, slightly sour, white with a couple of seeds inside. A plant with an average maturity of fruits, the vine has a tall and dense trunk. The fruits are resistant to transportation and frost. It is better to plant in areas well-lit by the sun with fertile soil. Often watering "Kesha" is not necessary; to increase the yield, it is recommended to use top dressing.

"Strashensky"

Berries are black, medium-early ripening. The fruits are delicious and very juicy. The weight of a bunch can reach 1 kilogram, the density is average. It is not recommended to transport ripe berries. Frost resistance - medium. The berries ripen unevenly, so the harvest is collected selectively. This allows the remaining berries to ripen and increase their sweetness. "Strashensky" needs pruning, depending on the region of cultivation. It tolerates well such diseases as: phylloxera, mildew. Resistant to spider mites. It is necessary to protect against gray rot and powdery mildew.

"Laura"

The berries of this variety ripen very early. The pulp of the fruit is sweet with a nutmeg flavor. The bunches are large, regular in shape, and can weigh up to 2.4 kilograms. Ripe berries tolerate transportation well and are very popular with customers. The variety is resistant to frost, withstands up to 20-23 degrees. Resistant to diseases such as gray rot and mildew, suitable for black soil and cultivation in other regions.

Advice! Bushes need pruning and pollination during flowering. These measures will significantly increase the yield and quality of fruits.

The powerful vine allows it to withstand large volumes of harvest, only 30% of the shoots remain non-bearing.

"Moldova"

The variety has a medium ripening period, time-tested, rich purple fruits with a slight bloom. Bunches are medium in size. The fruit pulp is dull and fleshy. The vine is powerful and tall, the bushes need to be constantly pruned to avoid heavy thickening. The resistance of the variety to frost is insignificant. "Moldova" copes well with fungal diseases and phylloxera, it is recommended to treat against powdery mildew. The species is sensitive to calcareous chlorosis. She tolerates transportation calmly, keeping all her taste. Bunches retain an attractive decorative appearance for a long time, therefore they are often planted for decoration next to a gazebo or a fence.

"Timur"

The hybrid species has an early ripening period. The berry pulp is juicy, with a pleasant nutmeg aroma, the peel turns into an amber tan in the sun.

Clusters are medium in size, large and dense. Resistant to frost and diseases of gray mold and mildew.

Important! "Timur" is susceptible to ticks. If suspicious swelling and red spots form on the leaves, then it is necessary to treat the plant with a preparation containing sulfur.

"Timur" is a very popular and well-known variety among experienced summer residents and winegrowers, since it does not require much effort to grow. Care consists in regular watering, feeding and pruning.

"Lady fingers"

A well-known table variety, which is often grown by experienced growers, despite the fact that the plant requires special care. The berries are long, pitted and have a rich and sweet taste. It is necessary to cover in the cold season, since the variety does not tolerate temperatures below -10 degrees below zero. Not resistant to diseases and pests, the vine requires treatment with special preparations.

"Mascot"

Has a medium-early ripening period."Talisman" is resistant to diseases and pests, for example, to gray clay and mildew, as well as to low temperatures. One bunch, on average, weighs about 1 kilogram.

Berries are yellowish-white in color, large, with a nutmeg flavor. Ripe bunches can hang on the vine for a long time without losing their sweetness and flavor. In the winter season, it does not require shelter, it tolerates transportation well. Additional pollination before flowering will help to increase the yield.

"Hadji Murat"

The berries ripen from 125 to 135 days. It was bred by Tajik scientists as a result of crossing the "Transbaikal" and "Muscat of Hamburg" varieties. This species received a lot of positive feedback from summer residents. The species is resistant to temperatures down to -22 degrees, but grows much better in a greenhouse. Ripens up to 75 percent of all fruiting shoots. The weight of one bunch of berries is from 0.8 to 2.5 kilograms. The fruits are well stored and are resistant to transportation. Hadji Murat amazes with its high yield.

"Gorgeous"

It ripens in 110 days and has a rich and dense pink berry color. The weight of one bunch is from 0.5 to 0.7 kilograms. Possesses average resistance to diseases and pests. The weight of one berry is 6 grams, and the length is 3 centimeters. The pulp tastes juicy and fresh, with a thin skin.

It's important to know! The Krasotka variety does not tolerate an excess of moisture, excess liquid can lead to the fact that the berries will burst during ripening. Therefore, water should be done with caution and only when necessary.

"Monarch"

At an average ripening period, the vine can weigh up to 0.9 kilograms; in mature form, one vine bears more than 7 kilograms of berries. "Monarch" has a high yield.

The plant is distinguished by good growth and fruit ripening. The grape is frost-resistant and tolerates many diseases well. The berries are large, yellow in color, the weight of one fruit is about 20 grams. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, has an excellent taste. Ripe berries are stored for a long time and tolerate transportation well.

White grape varieties

• Chardonnay - used to create white wines and champagne. The ripening period of berries is early, the species is unpretentious in care. Dry weather is most favorable for him. The fruits are green-white in color, oval in shape, the weight of the bunch is 1.15 kilograms.
• Riesling - the bunch weighs 0.9 kilograms, the berries are yellowish-green in color, conical in shape. The variety is resistant to all diseases, except for the tick.
• Aligote has a high yield. The weight of the bunch is 103 grams, the berries are yellowish, the flesh is tender. It is not recommended to grow in areas with a humid climate, as it may be susceptible to gray mold.

Black grape varieties

• "Cabernet" - late ripening period, perfectly tolerates low temperatures and is resistant to diseases. The bunches are small, the berries are herbaceous with a nightshade flavor.
• "Merlot" - black berries with a bloom. It tolerates frost well and gives an excellent harvest. Can fall prey to gray mold.

Conclusion

There are a great many types of grapes in the world and they are all very popular, since it is an irreplaceable product for mankind. That is why scientists are still working on developing new varieties with an improved set of qualities and advantages. Vineyards deservedly occupy more and more space on our land.

Watch the video! Review of the 10 best grape varieties of 2017

When arranging the site, a separate area, well-lit by the sun, is allocated for the vineyard. The owners are faced with a difficult task - the choice of varieties that are available in agricultural technology and have an unsurpassed taste. This article discusses the very best grape varieties, broken down for ease of perception into separate categories. We will talk about names, tell you what they are and what characteristics they have.

The names of the best early grape varieties

Growing early grape varieties is economically beneficial.In addition, intensive maturation reduces the risk of damage to the bushes by various diseases or insects. The growing season lasts on average 95-115 days... Bunches are highly valued due to their taste and presentation, since rotting is extremely rare.

Veles

Veles has a beautiful bunch of pink berries up to 2 kg, and in some cases up to 3 kg. The grape has a pronounced nutmeg aroma.

The bushes are very tall. The plant tolerates frosts down to minus 21 °. Veles has good resistance to diseases and is rated with points above average.

Bunch of grapes Veles

Adler

White grapes, which have the peculiarity of being well preserved for a month after ripening without loss of taste and aroma. Cylindrical clusters weigh up to 550-700 grams on average. The bushes have great vigor with a vigorous vine.

The plant shows resistance to typical grape diseases, frost resistance up to minus 24 °.

Adler berry sizes

Jupiter

Jupiter has cylindrical clusters with looseness. Fruits of reddish or purple color have an oval shape, weight is 4-6 grams, light nutmeg aroma. The vine is medium-sized, the plant's resistance to diseases is excellent. The grapes tolerate low temperatures down to minus 27 °.

Bunches of jupiter on the vine

What are the types of wine

Technical (wine) grape varieties are most often characterized by vigorous bushes, small or medium-sized clusters in size and mass, and low productivity. However, the taste of the berries is distinguished by multifaceted notes and an interesting aroma.

A feature of the fruit is considered to be a high content of juice and a balance of sugar and acid.

Muscat

Muscat has a medium ripening period with a growing season of 125-140 days. The color of the berries is yellow with an amber tint. The brush covers up to 150 gr., But there are specimens up to 450 gr.

The fruits are very sweet, juicy with a medium skin density. The yield depends on climatic characteristics, ranging from 60 to 100 centners / ha. The culture is poorly resistant to typical grape diseases, especially with high humidity or prolonged rainfall.

Wine variety Muscat

Chardonnay

The grapes are of medium ripening period, the growing season lasts 135-140 days. The brush is characterized by a cylindro-conical shape, looseness and medium density, the weight barely reaches 100 grams. The berry is colored green with a yellow tint, the skin is thin, the taste is sweet with a pleasant aroma... Chardonnay grows well on different types of soil, but the best results are noted on rocky and clay-limestone soils. Resistance to fungal diseases is low.

Bunch of Chardonnay

Sauvignon

Sauvignon is a French technical grape with a growing season of 130-135 days. Bushes have intensive growth, densely leafy. The cylindrical bunch is very dense, weighing 75-120 grams.

Rounded berries are yellow-green in color, and under the influence of direct sunlight they acquire a slightly yellow tint. Tolerant to mildew, but has a weak resistance to powdery mildew and gray rot. When the soil is waterlogged, the plant discards its inflorescences.

Sauvignon grapes are great for making white wine

The best frost-resistant varieties

Grapes in this category have an average vine growth. Most of the frost-resistant representatives are technical varieties, but the berries can also be used for fresh consumption. The peculiarity of the taste of berries lies in the increased acidity and slight astringency. Some brainchildren of breeders are able to withstand forty-degree frosts without special shelter.

Lady fingers

Ladies' fingers is a high quality table grape. The growing season lasts 150-155 days, the vines are intensively formed. Narrow-conical clusters of large sizes with yellowish-green berries of an elongated shape, weight reaches 600-900 grams.

The pulp perfectly combines sugariness and refreshing sourness. Feature of the culture: weak resistance to diseases and pests, a long transition to fruiting in seedlings (clusters are formed only in the 5th year after planting).

Everyone's favorite variety of ladies' fingers

Aleshenkin

Fruits ripen early (120 days after bud formation). The bunches are large, I weigh an average of 1-2.7 kg. Oval berries are amber in color, very sweet and juicy. A feature of the Aleshenkin variety is the absence of seeds in half of the ripened fruits. The vine develops intensively, the grape sleeves bear fruit for 6-7 years.

Aleshenkin grapes

Lydia

The ripening time for lidia berries falls at the beginning of the autumn period. The pulp of the fruit is fragrant, very juicy. Ripe bunches have a characteristic pink color. The brush is loose, but reaches a large size, the average weight is 120-250 grams. The plant has strong immunity, which is manifested in high resistance to typical diseases.

Popular grape variety Lydia

The best large varieties

Grapes with large fruits require careful attention. It is especially important to follow the rules of agricultural technology in order to prevent cracking of the berries. The most popular in this category are the following varieties.

Transformation

Table grapes are transformed with a ripening period of 110-125 days. The weight of a brush of a loose structure is 1.5 kg, but some specimens weigh up to 2.8 kg.

A tall bush with a strong root system and vines. Berries are large-fruited, elongated-oval pink.

The juice of the fruit accumulates a sufficient amount of sugar, but the sweetness is not felt when eating berries due to the slight sourness. Productivity - about 20 kg per bush.

Large variety transformation

Lily of the valley

The ripening period of the lily of the valley variety is 125-135 days. The mass of the hand reaches 1.5 kg. The berries are oval and amber colored. There is a high resistance of the plant to diseases and pests, frost resistance up to minus 21 °, long-term storage of the crop.

Giant lily of the valley

Century

Kishmish variety is a century old with a ripening period of 125-135 days. The bunches have a conical shape, the fruits are yellow-green in color, the weight of the brush is 800-1300 grams. Features of the culture: exquisite taste with a slight hint of nutmeg, high yield, frost resistance up to minus 23 ° and good disease resistance.

Kishmish variety century

Jupiter

Kishmish variety of medium early ripening. The average weight of a brush is 250 grams, the berries are large (up to 6 grams), colored red or purple. The peculiarity of the variety is strong immunity and long shelf life.

Ripening variety Jupiter

The best black varieties

Berries of black varieties contain a large amount of iron, selenium and zinc, which are of real value to the human body. Modern breeders spend a lot of time developing new dark hybrids with increased resistance to typical diseases and difficult climatic conditions.

Codryanka

Codryanka culture ripens early, is characterized by high marketability and taste, and is rightfully considered one of the best dark grape varieties. However, the plant requires careful care, otherwise the berries will begin to shrink. Also, the disadvantage is vulnerability to wasps, which spoil the presentation of the fruit.

Codrianka is one of the best dark varieties

Kishmish Moldavian

The young shoot begins to bear fruit in the third year. The bushes are medium-sized with large clusters, reaching a mass of 190-250 grams. The growing season lasts 150-160 days. Features of the variety: high yield, high sugar content, long shelf life.

Kishmish Moldavian

Delight is black

Very large clusters with round grapes adorn the vigorous bush. The growing season of the plant is 115-125 days. The variety is resistant to mildew and powdery mildew, but is affected by gray mold.Withstands frosts down to minus 25 °.

Sizes of berries of a variety of delight black

Athos

The hybrid was obtained as a result of crossing Codryanka and Talisman - favorites of varieties of different categories. Bunches have compact parameters, average density. The berries are characterized by an excellent taste that harmoniously combines sugar content and acidity. The plant is resistant to typical diseases and pests.

Bunches of atos variety

Kuban

Luxurious clusters with rounded large dark purple berries deliver a real aesthetic pleasure. The grapes have low disease resistance and require shelter for the winter.

Kuban grapes close up

The best green varieties

Light grape varieties are thermophilic. Berries contain no less nutrients than intensely colored fruits (with the exception of antioxidants). Thanks to its usefulness and universal application, many growers want to acquire a cuttings of this category. Among the most popular technical varieties are the following:

• Chardonnay;
• White Muscat;
• Riesling;
• Aligote.

Popular table varieties:

• Lady fingers;
• Shasloy white;
• Kishmish is oval.

Shasloy white is an excellent table variety

The most productive varieties

The fruitful varieties of grapes include table varieties. The bush has at least 70% of fruitful shoots, and the replacement buds are predominantly productive. Plants of this category are not highly resistant to frost, but they tolerate heat tolerably.

Matyash Janos

Technical ripeness occurs after 135 days. The bunches are medium in size, weighing 160-250 grams. The dark blue berry harmoniously combines sugar content and acidity. The plant is susceptible to mildew and gray rot, often affected by the leafworm, so prophylaxis is required.

A bunch of mintas janos

Khalili black

Early ripening black grapes (105-115 days). There is a strong growth of the bush and intensive development of the vine. A bunch of conical shape weighs up to 350-500 grams. Oval berries on a cluster adhere tightly to each other. The culture is susceptible to mildew and powdery mildew, poorly tolerates frost, requiring special shelter.

Khalili black variety on a bush

Cardinal

Cardinal plant with medium early ripening. The berry is dark blue and large in size. The mass of the brush reaches 360-580 grams. The potential of the crop is characterized by high productivity, but it is unstable, since climatic features and weather disasters have a great impact on the growing season. There is also a weak resistance to typical diseases and pest attacks.

For the winter period, the bush must be covered.

Cardinal's bush

The variety of varieties and features of each type allows you to choose a plant that is most adapted to certain climatic conditions. And the taste qualities of the best representatives of their groups will satisfy the needs of any gourmet.

People began to grow grapes more than six thousand years ago. It comes in two varieties - technical and dining. The first group includes varieties that are used for the manufacture of juices and the production of alcoholic beverages - wines and cognacs, the second group - table species.

What grapes are called table grapes?

Distinctive features of such grapes are beautiful appearance and high taste. Large sweet clusters are eaten fresh, without processing. They tolerate transportation well. The berries have few seeds, thin skin and fleshy flesh. The most popular and elite grape varieties are presented below.

The most popular and best varieties

Arcadia

Grape variety Arcadia

The result of crossing Moldova and Cardinal, combined the successful properties of their parents. Consumers appreciate large bunches that can reach two kilograms, and gardeners appreciate resistance to low temperatures and high immunity. Juicy light pulp of berries captivates with a delicate sweet taste and aroma of nutmeg when fully ripe. This early variety is the leader in yield, if you normalize the number of inflorescences, feed the bush in time. An excess amount of moisture can lead to cracking of ripening Arcadia berries, so watered with caution, taking into account weather conditions.

Delight

Grape variety Delight

Very early ripening variety. The berries are large, with a refined nutmeg taste and a loose skin with a waxy coating. The vine can withstand temperatures up to 26 ° C frost, therefore, cultivation in the northern regions is allowed. The high immunity of the Delight variety helps fight fungal diseases and mildew, but you need to treat the bush from phylloxera. The yield is high, the fruits can be left on the bush for up to 1.5 months after ripening, while the taste remains excellent.

Experienced gardeners claim that this grape has no drawbacks.

White kishmish

White Kishmish grapes

An ancient dessert type with a medium ripening period. The bunches are small. Seedless small oval berries, juicy, very sweet and not tart. Their skin is thin and transparent. Due to their fragility, the fruits are not stored for a long time and have low transportability. After harvesting, they must either be eaten immediately, or used to dry raisins. Dried fruits made from Kishmish are a tasty and healthy delicacy. The vine is powerful, but the yield is low. Average frost resistance. Requires protection from pests and diseases. Needs crop pruning and rationing.

Kesha

Kesha grape variety

Improved Delight with beautiful brushes. White berries are sweet, with a slight sourness and 2-3 large seeds... Kesha is a medium early variety, very tall, with excellent transportability and frost resistance. It develops well if it has a supply of perennial wood. Will appreciate planting in a sunny place and fertile soil. Moderate watering, thinning bunches, and regular fertilizing have a beneficial effect on yields.

Strashensky

Grapes Variety Strashensky

Handsome man with black berry, medium-early ripening. The fruits are juicy, the grapes are delicious. Bunches of medium density, high-quality type, usually weigh up to 1 kg. Poorly tolerates long-term transportation, average winter hardiness. There is uneven ripening, so the crop is cut selectively. The load on the bush will decrease, the remaining fruits will pick up sugar well. This variety has a reduced resistance to gray mold and powdery mildew, but is good at fighting phylloxera, mildew and spider mites. Needs pruning, depending on the growing region.

Laura

Laura grape variety

Table form of grapes of the superearly ripening period. Amber pulp contains a lot of sugar. The taste is rich, pleasant, with nutmeg notes. Large beautiful clusters are a distinctive feature of the variety, some record-breaking brushes weighing up to 2.4 kg. High transportability, popular with buyers and suitable for beginner winegrowers. Resists mildew and gray rot, withstands temperatures up to 20-23 ° C frost. The Laura variety needs pollination during flowering and medium pruning, while preserving perennial wood. The bush is loaded optimally, leaving 30% of non-fruiting shoots. Such a plant will have the strength to form beautiful large brushes that will ripen on time.

Moldova

Grapes variety Moldova

A time-tested species, purple berries with a waxy bloom. The bunches are medium in size, the fleshy flesh has a simple taste. Ripening dates are late or medium late. Frost resistance is not very high. Requires careful shaping of the bush - a vigorous vine does not like thickening. Excellent resistance to fungal diseases and phylloxera, treatment is needed only against powdery mildew. There is an increased sensitivity to calcareous chlorosis.Used for growing on a gazebo, the bunches retain their decorative appearance and pleasant taste for a long time on the bush. It tolerates transportation well.

Timur

Grape variety Timur

An early ripening hybrid. White berries with a nutmeg aroma, a slight amber or slightly brown tan appears in the sun. The brushes are medium in size, dense. Cuttings give a small "trial" crop already in the second year after planting. High frost resistance and resistance to gray rot and mildew. Timur grapes often fall prey to ticks. If the leaves "swell" and redness appears, you need to treat the grapes with a sulfur-containing preparation. Experienced growers praise Timur for the ease of cultivation and early maturation. Care consists in regular watering, feeding and pruning.

Lady fingers

Grape variety Ladies fingers

An old mid-season variety that, despite the difficulties in its care, continues to be grown by many growers. The weight of one hand is about half a kilogram. Berries of the Ladies' fingers are elongated in shape, with a classic harmonious taste and mouth-watering aroma, pitted. Not resistant to low temperatures, can die already at 10 ° C frost, therefore needs shelter for the winter. Productivity is changeable, depending on weather conditions. The vine is sensitive to diseases and pests; regular treatment with appropriate preparations is necessary. Recommended for experienced gardeners.

Gourmets consider this variety to be the standard of grape taste.

Mascot

Grape variety Talisman

Mid-early grapes are yellow-white in color. Vigorous seedlings are excellent resistance to mildew and gray rot, and are resistant to low winter temperatures. Ripe bunches weigh a little more than a kilogram on average. The fruits are large, with a nutmeg aroma. Already ripe brushes can hang on the bush for a long time without losing their taste and retaining their marketable appearance. A transportable variety that does not require shelter for the winter. A record harvest can be achieved with proper agricultural technology and additional pollination before flowering.

Grapes are a wonderful gift of nature, a child of the gentle sun and fertile land. There are no ideal varieties, but you can always find a species that suits the growing conditions and personal preferences of the gardener.

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The best grape varieties are annually determined by the best winegrowers of all countries. Top 10 of these varieties are announced in our country as well. When compiling a rating, breeders take into account the opinions of breeding experts, winemakers, connoisseurs and simply lovers of these delicious fruits.

Monarch grapes are one of the most popular varieties

Significant qualities of grape varieties

Finding out which species of this plant can rightfully be considered the best, enthusiastic breeders and novice winegrowers take into account the most significant qualities of a particular variety, which include:

• disease resistance;
• yield;
• the ability to adapt to a variety of climatic conditions; climbing;
• accuracy of fruits;
• the size of the bunch;
• the size of individual berries.

Do not forget to determine the juiciness and sugar content, and the color of the fruit, and their shape. An important factor of the varieties included in the TOP is the ripening period, the possibility of damage by insects such as wasps or ants. Taking into account the fact that the delivery time of the harvested grapes from the supplier to the consumer can be quite long, it is important, when evaluating each variety, to pay attention to its ability to maintain its presentation and taste for a certain time.

Arcadia grapes produce impressive yields

The most famous and demanded varieties

The requirements for fruit when determining the best grape varieties are multifaceted. The TOP 10 includes early and late species, sweet and sour, large and small berry. Popularity depends on the purpose for which the vine is grown.Many plant species are used for sap production, and a huge number of fruits are used in winemaking. Most of the fruits were artificially bred by crossing different varieties, but this only added to their positive qualities. Top 10 best included:

1. Arcadia. Table grapes, artificially bred from Cardinal and Moldova varieties, have rounded berries, a large bunch weighing up to 800 grams. The ripening period reaches 110 - 120 days. According to many winegrowers, these are unsurpassed berries that can withstand frost down to -20 degrees Celsius and are extremely resistant to various diseases.
2. Sofia was bred using species such as Kishmish and Arcadia. Its bunch with large fleshy and juicy berries weighs about a kilogram. Light pink berries retain all their properties and taste even at -20 degrees Celsius.
3. Bazhena. This species is based on such well-known varieties as Arcadia and Gift of Zaporozhye. Its distinctive feature is a rich sweet taste and high yield. Conical bunches weigh up to 1.5 kilograms, each berry can weigh up to 15 grams, be up to four centimeters long and two centimeters wide.
4. Libya is artificially bred from Arcadia and Flamingo. One of the fastest maturing species. Its fruits are ready for harvesting 100-105 days after the ovary. Cone-shaped clusters weighing up to one kilogram consist of berries, each weighing up to 13 grams, tightly planted to each other. Juicy and sweet, they have a characteristic rich taste and bright color. These fruits are resistant to various diseases, frost, winds and temperature extremes.
5. Harmony. Crossing the grapes Dzhemete and Saperavi gave their results, and got a wonderful technical look, with a long bunch filled with bright, almost black berries, sweet and juicy, withstanding a cold snap to - 25 degrees Celsius. This grape is irreplaceable in winemaking.
6. Ruslan. This variety was created when working with such species as Kuban and Zaporozhye Gift. It has established itself as a species, the fruits of which are used to make juice and delicious wine. The berries are large, dense, juicy, dark blue with a dense skin. Large clusters weigh up to 800 grams. It entered the TOP due to the fact that it ripens early, has a high yield, resistance to disease and frost down to -24 degrees Celsius.
7. Monarch. Its large, oblong, amber berries are well known to winemakers. It is not distinguished by early ripening, but it also does not belong to the grape varieties that ripen for a long time. Harvesting can be started 125 days after the ovary is set. Each bunch reaches 700 grams, and individual berries weigh up to 15 grams. This species is able to withstand frost down to -23 degrees, but cannot boast of a high degree of resistance to various kinds of diseases. The berries are pleasant to the taste, sweet, juicy with a slight hint of nutmeg, and are used for juicing and in winemaking.
8. Kseniya. This table grape variety rightfully bears the title of a favorite fruit of winemakers. Its dense and juicy berries are filled with sweet juice, they are colored amber-pink, each weighing up to 15 grams. And folded into a bunch weighing up to 700 grams. The taste of the berries is so attractive that they make an excellent juice. It was bred artificially and its second name Angelica is better known to the consumer. Xenia is frost-resistant, can withstand temperatures down to -23 degrees Celsius. Grapes are rightfully included in the TOP of the best varieties.
9. Transformation. One of the most popular and not the largest types. The berries are bright pink, reaching 3.5 centimeters long and about 2.5 centimeters wide. Each bunch weighs up to one kilogram. The fruits are juicy and sweet, firm with a hard skin. It is used by winemakers and for the production of juice. In terms of ripening, it is one of the early varieties included in the TOP.It is ready to harvest 110 days after the ovary is set. Resistance to diseases and low temperatures can be called a positive feature.
10. The anniversary of Novocherkassk was bred by Krainov and entered the TOP as an interspecific hybrid. It is one of the best early grape varieties and matures in 110 days. Bunches of medium density weigh about 1.5 kilograms, and each berry reaches a weight of 18 grams. The bunch is cone-shaped with large oval berries, fleshy, dense and very pleasant to the taste. A distinctive feature is frost resistance. The grapes can withstand temperatures as low as -24 degrees and give a guaranteed high yield.

Xenia grape has delicious berries

Working with famous varieties and novelties

Most of the grape varieties included in the TOP are fruits that have long been known and have proven themselves only on the positive side. But there are new items on this list that deserve no less attention. Breeders are constantly looking for something new and better, achieving even higher yields. They are working on solving problems such as:

• resistance to emerging diseases;
• climate change;
• drought or high humidity.

By changing the list of those grapes that are included in the TOP of the best, they take care of promoting more and more new types of grapes, the fruits of which have bright taste qualities. To this end, experts conduct experiments in different regions, seeking the opportunity to compete with imported varieties and defending their positions.

Crossing well-known varieties, working to create new, more productive ones, growers expand the areas where young seedlings are planted and create all conditions for them in order to obtain high yields of high-quality food.

The development of winemaking and the active production of juices is an incentive to work on the creation of new tasty, high-yielding grape varieties.

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Since ancient times, grapes have been cultivated by man. According to historians, the pioneers in this matter were the ancient Egyptians, who successfully cultivated culture in the sixth millennium BC. Over the past years, viticulture has made great strides. Today, scientists have about 20 thousand grape varieties, of which more than 4 thousand are used. They differ from each other in berry color, resistance to adverse conditions, taste and other qualities.

Varieties with different color of berries

The color of the grapes is very varied. It depends on the amount of coloring pectin in the skin of the fruit and can range from almost white to bluish black. On this basis, all varieties are divided into three main groups:

• white;
• black;
• red.

One of the characteristic features of the grape variety is the color of its berries.

White

The berries of the white grape varieties are actually light green in color. Moreover, the color shade depends not only on the variety, but also on the growing conditions. Sunlight affects the intensity of fruit coloring especially strongly. To enhance its effect, many growers remove part of the leaves during the ripening period. When carrying out this procedure, it must be remembered that too early thinning can lead to sunburn on the berries and complete or partial loss of yield.

More than half of all grape varieties have white berries. These include:

• Agadai;
• Augalia;
• Bazhena;
• White miracle;
• Galahard;
• Long-awaited;
• Karaburnu;
• Liang;
• Moscow white;
• Mascot;
• Citrine;
• Sabbat.

Photo gallery: popular white grape varieties

Black

Black grape varieties are very popular with gardeners all over the world. They contain a large amount of antioxidants that have a beneficial effect on human health. Black grapes are less common than white ones. Nevertheless, it can be seen in almost any vineyard. The following varieties are especially famous:

• Academician Avidzba (In memory of Dzheneyev);
• Anthracite (Charlie);
• December;
• Fun;
• Redness;
• Moldova;
• Odessa souvenir;
• Autumn black.

Photo gallery: black grape varieties

Red

Red grape varieties are less common than white and black varieties. In addition, with insufficient sunlight and other unfavorable conditions, they often do not gain the desired color intensity and remain greenish-pink.

Among the red varieties grown in our country, it can be noted:

• Victor;
• Helios;
• Dessert;
• Cardinal;
• Original;
• In memory of the Teacher;
• In memory of the Surgeon;
• Rumba.

Photo gallery: grape varieties with red berries

Varieties of different ripening periods

All grape varieties can be classified into early and late grapes. Among the winegrowers of our country, early ripening varieties are in special demand, since they ripen even in regions of risky agriculture with short and not too hot summers.

Table: early varieties

Table: late varieties

In most of the territory of our country, it is possible to grow only unpretentious and winter-hardy grapes. When developing new varieties, breeders must take into account these two qualities, thanks to which viticulture is spreading even in the northern regions of Russia.

Unpretentious

Novice growers pay special attention to the undemanding variety of care. This quality is fully possessed by:

• Agat Donskoy. An early variety with dark blue medium-sized berries of a simple taste. The pulp contains no more than 15% sugars. Differs in high (up to 50 kg per bush) yield. Due to its high resistance to fungal diseases, it does not require regular chemical treatments. In regions with winter temperatures above -26 ° C can be grown without shelter. In case of damage to the vines by severe frosts, it is easily restored;
  

  Even novice winegrowers will be able to get a high yield of Agatha Donskoy

• Timur. A low-growing grape variety with whitish-green sweet berries with a mild nutmeg aroma. They ripen within 100-106 days after the start of the growing season. Timur does not require special soil fertility. It thrives on sandy and sandy loam soils. Resistance to fungal diseases is higher than that of most grape varieties. It tolerates a drop in air temperature down to -25 ° C;
  

  Timur is everyone's favorite in our garden. We have 3 bushes at the age of 5 years. Ripening is the earliest of all varieties. Its berries are very beautiful in shape and very sweet with crunchy flesh. There was no peat. The only thing is that the tassels are too small - 300–400 g. Muscat is not felt.

• Lydia. An old variety with high vigor and exceptional rooting ability. The pink berries are rather small. The pulp is slimy, with a characteristic aroma. Previously, Lydia was widely used for making wine and juices, but after rumors about the release of harmful substances during her fermentation, she lost her popularity. For successful fruiting, this variety needs a long warm summer. It does not require regular treatment for fungal diseases, feeding and watering. Due to its unpretentiousness in the southern regions, Lydia is often grown as an ornamental crop. Usually it is decorated with various gazebos and awnings.
  

  Lydia can do just fine without any care

Winter hardy

Winter hardiness is a mandatory quality for grapes grown in areas of risky farming. The following varieties can withstand the lowest temperatures:

• Alpha. A variety of American selection. Withstands frosts down to -40 ° C, so it can be grown without shelter even in the northern regions of our country. The roots of the plant remain viable when the soil is cooled down to -12 ° C. Alpha berries are not very tasty. Their flesh has a slimy consistency and a rather sour taste. They are usually used to make wines and juices. In addition, Alpha is a good pollinator for self-fertile grape varieties;
• Sharov's riddle.A unique variety that was born thanks to the Siberian amateur breeder R.F. Sharov. It combines high winter hardiness (down to -35 ° C) and harmonious sweet taste of dark blue berries, which ripen 110 days after budding;
  

  The small (up to 2 g) weight of the berries of Sharov's Riddle is compensated by the excellent taste

• Taiga emerald. Variety of selection by the student of I.V. Michurin Nikolai Tikhonov. Possesses exceptional winter hardiness: the vine is not damaged by frost down to -30 ° C. Bright green berries contain a large amount of sugars (up to 20%) with a rather high acidity (about 11%), which is why they have a bright refreshing taste. Among the advantages of the Taiga emerald is its high resistance to fungal diseases.

Video: grapes Taiga emerald in Khabarovsk

Complex resistant

Many modern varieties have complex resistance to cold and most fungal and bacterial diseases. These include:

• White miracle;
• Muromets;
• Delight;
• Marquette;
• Liang;
• Codryanka;
• Beauty of the North;
• Kesha.

Delight

Delight is one of the most popular grape varieties in Russia and the post-Soviet countries. It perfectly tolerates frosts down to -25 ° C and rarely suffers from fungal diseases. The pleasant harmonious taste of its berries, containing 19–26% sugars and 7–9% titrated acids, does not leave winegrowers indifferent.

Delight refers to tall varieties. His vine needs an annual formative pruning. Usually, when it is carried out, no more than 40 eyes are left on the bush.

Delight grapes tolerate frost well and resist disease

Light green, almost white berries of this variety weigh about 5-6 g and have an oval-round shape. They are used mainly for fresh consumption. The bunches are loose, weighing from 500 to 900 g.

The fruits of Delight ripen within 100-110 days from the moment the buds open. Up to 120 centners of grapes can be harvested from one hectare of plantings, which retain their qualities well during transportation and storage.

I will never give up Rapture. I didn’t notice that I was sick with oidium. Reliable. It hangs until you take it off and it is very pleasant at any time in the fall you can feast on it until the very frost.

Video: Delight grapes

Kesha

Kesha perfectly tolerates temperatures as low as -23 ° C and has a strong immunity to fungal diseases. Its characteristic features include:

• light green color of large berries;
• sweet fleshy pulp;
• early ripening of berries;
• high productivity;
• quick entry into fruiting;
• lack of tendency to pea fruit.

Kesha begins to bear fruit 2 years after planting

My Kesha has been growing for 13 years. Favorite variety of the whole family. Very unpretentious and stable. Practically not watered or fed. The usual harvest is 25–30 kg per bush. The berries in each cluster are round and slightly elongated. The appearance of an ovary on stepsons is a normal phenomenon for him and indicates a normal load. Now, if there is no such ovary, an obvious overload. An excellent pollinator for the Talisman growing nearby. Light nutmeg appears when overripe and on berries roasted in the sun.

Codryanka

The reference black grape table variety. It is widely used both in industrial viticulture and in private plots. Differs in the original elongated, slightly curved shape of the berries, which have a simple but harmonious taste. They ripen in 110-115 days from the moment of bud break.

Codrianka is considered a reference grape variety

Kodrianka better than many other grape varieties tolerates return frosts and summer droughts. In addition, she rarely suffers from mildew and oidium, and also does not arouse interest in wasps. When grown in regions with winter temperatures below -23 ° C, Codryanka must be covered.

According to experienced winegrowers, the main disadvantage of Codreanka is its tendency to peas.Treatment with growth stimulants such as gibberellin or acetylsalicylic acid will help to avoid this.

This year I was pleased with Codryanka. True, for the Moscow region this variety is rather difficult, SAT is not enough. But this variety tastes very good. The berry is large. Table variety. The berry is crispy, sweet, with pits.

Video: description of the Kodryanka variety

The most delicious grape varieties

The taste of berries of different grape varieties is checked by experts who give tasting ratings. The varieties that have received more than 8.5 points out of 10 are considered especially tasty. For example:

• Rochefort (9.7);
• Academician Avidzba (9.2);
• In memory of Negrul (9.2);
• Tavria (9.1);
• Gourmet Krainov (9.1);
• Valentine (9.1);
• Anyuta (9).

Nutmeg

Grapes with a nutmeg flavor receive consistently high tasting marks. It is most pronounced in the following varieties:

• Hamburg muscat. An ancient mid-late grape variety. Its purple-blue berries taste great with a strong nutmeg aroma. In Russia, it is grown as a covering crop. In addition, it is very strongly affected by pests;
  

  Hamburg Muscat - a classic Muscat grape

• Muscat Moscow. A very early variety of the selection of the Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev. Berries are light green with nutmeg flavor. Often affected by fungal diseases and spider mites;
  

  The average weight of Moscow Muscat bunches is 450 g

• Rochefort. Modern early variety. The berries are large (up to 8 g), red-gray in color. The pulp is juicy, with a strong nutmeg aroma. The resistance of the variety to diseases and freezing temperatures is average;
  

  Rochefort berries are not only delicious, but also very beautiful

• Anyuta. The newest variety of early ripening. Resistance to fungal diseases - 3.5 points. The berries are pink, rather large, with a pronounced nutmeg flavor. The average yield is 188 centners per hectare.
  

  Capricious Anyuta, but beautiful bunches, large berry, color, taste covers all her shortcomings. Wonderful nutmeg!

Large

The tasting score is influenced not only by the taste, but also by the size of the berries. Large and beautiful fruits can give the variety an additional 2 points.

Table: grape varieties with the largest berries

Photo gallery: grape varieties with the largest berries

Seedless

Seedless varieties are especially appreciated among grape lovers. Their berries are eaten fresh and used to make raisins.

To date, hundreds of seedless grape varieties have been bred. In the countries of the former USSR, the most popular are:

• Russian corinka. A frost-resistant, vigorous variety with a very early ripening period. The berries are small, golden-green, very sweet. Resistance to mildew and gray rot is high, to powdery mildew - medium. The thin skin of the berries is often damaged by wasps;
  

  The weight of corinka Russian berries does not exceed 2 g

• Radiant kishmish. Medium early variety with pink berries. The pulp is juicy, tasty, with a slight aroma of nutmeg. The thick skin allows the berries to be transported over long distances and stored until mid-January. Resistance to fungal diseases is above average, frost resistance is weak. With excessive soil moisture, the taste of berries deteriorates significantly. Needs mandatory rationing of the crop;
• Centennial (Centenel Seedlis). An early American variety. Berries are light green, medium-sized (weight about 3 g). The flesh is crispy, with a delicate nutmeg aroma. When overripe, the berries crumble. In addition, they quickly lose color and acquire a brownish tan. It is rarely affected by fungal diseases. Average frost resistance (up to -23 ° C);
  

  The inflorescences have grown very well, I cut them off yesterday. One brush 460 g, the other 280 g. Kishmish 100%, there are not even rudiments. The whole family really liked it, there was a light Muscat. In all respects, I liked him more than Radiant.

• In memory of Dombkovskaya. A disease and pest resistant variety, bred by the Orenburg breeder F.I.Shatalov. Differs in high winter hardiness (up to -28 ° C). The berries are dark blue, almost black. The pulp is juicy, with a harmonious taste. With a lack of heat and sunlight, it can be sour. From the beginning of the growing season to the ripening of the berries, no more than 115 days pass.
  

  The average yield of the variety Pamyati Dombkovskaya is about 85 centners per hectare

Wine varieties

For the production of wine, technical grape varieties are used. Their berries are not distinguished by their large size and decorative appearance, but they contain a large amount of aromatic juice.

The weight of the berries of technical grape varieties rarely exceeds 1.5 g

Table: the most famous technical grape varieties

Grapes for different regions

When choosing a grape variety, special attention should be paid to its adaptability to the climate of a particular region.

Krasnodar Territory and Crimea

The natural conditions of the south of Russia, especially the Crimea and Krasnodar Territory, are ideal for growing grapes. Almost all varieties of this thermophilic culture grow and bear fruit well here. High-yield varieties with tasty and large fruits are especially popular with local residents:

• Cardinal;
• Hamburg muscat;
• Moldova;
• Sabbat;
• Radiant kishmish;
• Biruintsa;
• In memory of the Surgeon;
• Anyuta.

There are many wineries on the Crimean Peninsula and in the Krasnodar Territory, so technical grape varieties are in high demand:

• Pink nutmeg;
• Cabernet Sauvignon;
• Aligote;
• Chardonnay;
• Traminer pink.

Crimea is a great place for growing grapes

Donbass

The long hot summer of Donbass allows many varieties of grapes to ripen. But they can suffer during rather cold winters with little snow. Grape growers in this region prefer relatively frost-resistant varieties. These include:

• Agat Donskoy;
• Kodryanka;
• Liang;
• Pukhlyakovsky;
• Laura;
• Mascot;
• Galahard;
• Long-awaited.

Middle Volga region, including Samara region and Tatarstan

In recent years, grapes are increasingly found on the personal plots of residents of the Middle Volga region. A great contribution to the development of viticulture in this region was made by the specialists of the Samara Zonal Experimental Fruit and Berry Station, who created many new varieties adapted to the local climate. Among them:

• Firstborn of Kuibyshev;
• Kuibyshev early;
• The beauty of the Volga region;
• Crane;
• Muscat Kuibyshev.

In the Samara region and Tatarstan, unpretentious or complex-resistant varieties also feel good:

• Kesha;
• Pleven is stable;
• Agat Donskoy;
• Kodryanka;
• Lydia.

Middle zone of Russia and Moscow region

In central Russia and the Moscow region, grapes often suffer from frosty winters and insufficiently warm summers. Return frosts, which often occur during the flowering period of the culture, also have a detrimental effect on him.

To get a guaranteed harvest, growers in the middle zone and the Moscow region grow only early frost-resistant varieties. Among them:

• Alyoshenkin's gift;
• Russian corinka;
• Delight;
• Liang;
• Beauty of the North;
• Crystal;
• In memory of Dombkovskaya;
• Muscat Moscow.

Video: harvesting grapes at a farm near Moscow

Northwest RF and Belarus

The North-West of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are characterized by a short, rather cool summer with a large amount of precipitation and a lack of sunny days. Not every grape variety can ripen and accumulate a sufficient amount of sugar in such conditions. In addition, wet weather increases the risk of developing various fungal diseases.

In such difficult climatic conditions, most winegrowers choose modern varieties resistant to diseases and low temperatures:

• Muromets;
• Alyoshenkin's gift;
• In memory of Dombkovskaya;
• Victor;
• Galahard;
• White miracle;
• Delight.

I have been growing grapes in the north of the Leningrad region (Priozersky district) since 2010. In the first 2 years there were mistakes with grape shelter, but the vines did not die and are now yielding.Started with 4 bushes (3 varieties) Oval Delight, Laura and Memory of Dombkovskaya. After 2 years, making sure that the grapes in our region bear fruit, I purchased the varieties Platovsky, Aleshenkin, Rodina, Kristall, Ilya Muromets, Early Malinger. Delight is oval and 2 bushes of Memory of Dombkovskaya began to bear fruit.

In Siberia

Extremely cold winter temperatures are the main risk factor for grapes in Siberia. But breeders have created varieties that grow and bear fruit even in such difficult conditions. Among them:

• Sharov's riddle;
• Taiga emerald;
• Tukay;
• Alpha;
• Siberian Cheryomushka,
• In memory of Dombkovskaya.

Even the most cold-resistant varieties in Siberia require an obligatory shelter.

Video: vineyard in Siberia

Thanks to the tireless work of breeders, winegrowers have a large selection of varieties of their favorite culture. Each of them can choose grapes for their site that best meet all of their requirements.

Since childhood, I have been fond of growing various plants and have achieved considerable success in this matter. I would be very happy to share my experience. Rate the article:

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