The best peach varieties for the Moscow region

Peach in the gardens of the Moscow region was considered a tourist attraction until recently, and today in this region you can find a wide variety of varieties. When planting a peach, gardeners expect fleshy, juicy and sweet fruits. In order for all hopes to come true, it is necessary to choose the right variety, taking into account the characteristics of the region, climate, soil and other criteria.

Experienced gardeners recommend the best varieties of peaches for the Moscow region, which, with proper care, will delight you with stable, high yields.

How to choose a peach variety for the Moscow region?

For a temperate climate near Moscow with relatively mild winters and relatively humid summers, it is not too difficult to choose a peach variety. It is important to pay attention to the ripening period of the fruit.

The varieties cultivated in this region are characterized by early and mid-early periods of crop formation, sufficient resistance to low-temperature winter regimes and late frosts that occur in spring. It is recommended to purchase high-quality seedlings for the Moscow region in nurseries selling zoned varieties.

The best varieties

Early varieties of peach in the Moscow region begin to bear fruit in the first half of summer.

Favorite of Moretini

Self-pollinating early-growing variety of Italian selection, which bears fruit in 2-3 years after planting. Productivity from one tree is on average up to 30 kilograms. The fruits are of high taste and marketability.

An early ripe peach with an easy-to-form, spreading crown and medium-sized fruits weighing about 95-115 grams on average. The shape of the peaches is rounded-elongated, the yellow skin is soft and velvety, with red strokes of blush. Amber-yellow tender pulp, aromatic and juicy, with a fibrous structure.It is difficult to separate the bone from the pulp.

The Moretini peach ripens very early, but the average transportability does not allow them to be transported over long distances. The variety is weakly resistant to frost, prone to damage by powdery mildew.

Greensboro

A medium-sized peach tree with a spreading crown and large oval fruits weighing up to 130 grams. Fruits are oval in shape, slightly compressed on the sides, with a slightly blunt rounded top and a characteristic fossa.

A quarter of the surface of the green-cream peaches is covered with a red-burgundy or raspberry blush. Fibrous juicy aromatic pulp of greenish-red color has a sweet taste with a slight sourness. A medium-sized bone from the pulp is difficult to separate.

A self-fertile variety begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting. The yield of ten-year-old trees reaches 60 kilograms, the maximum is 67 kilograms. The fruits do not tolerate transportation well, the skin and pulp quickly darken when pressed.

The variety is characterized by increased winter hardiness and relative resistance to clasterosporium disease. In unfavorable years, in the absence of prophylaxis, it suffers from curly leaves.

Redhaven

A medium-sized peach with a rounded crown and large rounded-oval unequal fruits. The dense yellow skin is covered with delicate pubescence and bright red blush. The yellow pulp with bright raspberry veins has a dense texture and excellent taste.

The variety that came from America has perfectly adapted to the conditions near Moscow and shows good growth and development results. Redhaven received the highest tasting rating. The fruits with a very strong and pleasant aroma were enjoyed by both children and adults.

The variety is highly resistant to winter and spring frosts, curliness, but it is affected by fungal diseases. A peach can always be protected from diseases if preventive measures are taken, fertilized in time, and growth and development are stimulated.

The yield of the variety is very high: about 45 kilograms of fruits from a five-year-old tree and about 100 kilograms from a ten-year tree. For the gardener dreaming of serious harvests, Redhaven is an excellent choice.

Kiev early

A peach tree of medium vigor with a broadly rounded crown and medium-sized fruits weighing 75-90 grams. The shape of the fruit is broadly oval, with a pronounced "beak" at the top. The creamy skin of the peaches is covered with delicate pubescence. The pulp is straw-yellow, almost transparent, with a sweet-sour taste and a pronounced aroma. The stone is very difficult to separate from the pulp.

Early Kiev is a fruitful (40-50 kilograms per tree) variety with high resistance to clasterosporium disease and powdery mildew. He does not like excessively dry soil, but he has an extremely negative attitude towards waterlogging. Peach leaves of the Kievsky early variety are prone to being affected by curliness.

Collins

Paying attention to this self-fertile mid-early variety of American selection is recommended for lovers of large peaches. Large (about 150 grams) spherical red-yellow fruits with splashes, sweet with pleasant sourness, must be removed from the tree in time so that the branches do not break the bountiful harvest. Peaches do not ripen at the same time, so they need to be harvested sequentially.

The trees are medium-sized, reaching a height of 3-3.5 meters. After planting, they grow intensively, with the entry into the fruiting phase - more moderately. Productivity from one tree is about 40-50 kilograms.

This variety has a high resistance to powdery mildew and curliness, perfectly tolerates winter frosts and spring frosts. Collins peach has a great need for regular watering, feeding, timely sanitary and formative crown pruning.

Early champion

A large tree has a spreading thickened crown. The variety is distinguished by regular fruiting and high productivity (60-70 kilograms per tree).Large (140-160 grams) rounded greenish-creamy fruits are covered over the entire surface with a bright red blush. There is a slight slightly hairy pubescence on the skin.

The richly juicy pulp has an excellent taste and a well-pronounced aroma, a high content of acids and sugar. Medium-sized stone does not separate well from the pulp.

Juicy

A fast-growing self-pollinated variety with a tendency to overload the fruits. A vigorous tree with an expanded, densely branched crown and large or medium-sized fruits weighing 100-200 grams. The greenish-creamy wide-oval fruit is covered with a beautiful blurred blush with scattered more intense strokes.

White medium-fiber pulp, pink at the skin, very aromatic, juicy, with a harmonious taste. The stone is separated from the pulp very poorly. Tasting assessment of the taste of the fruit - 4.5 points out of 5.

Peach has increased winter hardiness, relatively resistant to clasterosporium disease and other fungal diseases. The tree begins to bear fruit in the third year. The yield is regular and relatively high (50-70 kilograms of fruit per tree).

Golden jubilee

A variety of American selection with large (150-170 grams) fruits of a rounded-oval shape, slightly pressed on the sides. Fruits of a sunny yellow color with velvety pubescence cover 50% with a bright blush.

Delicate and firm, light orange pulp is very juicy, with a great taste and aroma. The size of the stone is larger than average, it separates from the pulp normally.

Medium-sized trees with a widely branched crown bear fruit steadily, the yield per tree reaches 40-50 kilograms. The variety is characterized by average frost resistance of fruit buds.

White Swan

A drought-resistant self-fertile variety of medium early ripening with an insufficiently spreading spherical crown and fruits with an average weight of 145-155 grams. The white fibrous pulp has a slight creamy shade; it is not prone to darkening in the air. The yield reaches 50-60 kilograms per tree.

Peaches with a light, cream-colored skin have a beautiful wide-oval shape and a very harmonious pleasant sweet taste with a honey flavor, which was rated by the tasters 4.5 out of 5. The stone is medium in size, easily separates from the pulp.

Peach White swan is resistant to powdery mildew and clotterosporium disease. The tree can withstand frosts down to -23-25 ​​° С. Flower buds are also frost-resistant: they are not afraid of late spring cold snaps.

Medium ripening peaches

Some gardeners of the Moscow region prefer to grow later varieties, which allow for a consistent intake of tasty vitamins throughout the warm season.

Cardinal

The peach of the Cardinal variety is self-fertile, the trees are medium-sized, with a rounded, very lush crown. Begins fruiting 2-3 years after planting. The yield reaches 35-40 kilograms from one tree.

This variety is the leader among peaches in terms of taste. Medium-sized fruits weigh about 140-150 grams, their surface is covered with a carmine blush. Peaches of the Cardinal variety are fragrant and juicy. The pulp is quite fleshy, has a pronounced pleasant aroma. The international tasting committee rated the fruit taste at 5 possible points.

The cardinal will need special care, since he does not tolerate frosts very well. The variety is resistant to powdery mildew. The plant must be constantly kept in good shape, watered and fed on time.

Kremlin

A popular variety with medium-sized fruits, perfectly adapting to any conditions, although peaches weighing up to 200 grams grow on some trees.

Vigorous trees have a spreading, wide-oval crown. Fruits are yellow or orange, with extensive blotches or red blush, very aromatic and juicy, with a sweet or sweet-sour taste, ripen in the second half of August. Productivity from one tree is 30-40 kilograms.

The variety is not susceptible to many diseases, it is distinguished by high winter hardiness. Trees of the Kremlin variety are not very fond of strong moisture, so it is necessary to carefully monitor watering. It is recommended to plant them on level or elevated areas, and water them infrequently, but systematically.

Golden Moscow

A tree of medium height with a thickened, rounded-raised crown. Large (up to 185 grams in weight), bright yellow, broad-oval-shaped fruits have velvety pubescence. The juicy pulp of golden yellow color has a pleasant texture and strong aroma. When the fruit is fully ripe, the skin is easily removed. The bone is easily removed from the pulp.

Harvesting time is at the end of August. From one peach tree of the Zolotaya Moskva variety, about 50 kilograms of fruit are steadily obtained. Average frost resistance (up to -18 ° C), resistant to diseases. Can be used for fresh consumption and conservation.

Siberian

Ripening at the beginning of August, it is a stably fruiting variety with a yield of up to 50 kilograms per tree. Begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Large rounded-spherical fruits of a yellow-lemon color with a bright carmine-red blush weigh about 140 grams. They can be kept in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks.

The rich yellow pulp with delicate fiber is very juicy and tasty. The bone is separated well. The variety is resistant to frost down to -20 ° C and diseases.

Planting and leaving

If the technology of planting and growing is observed, early and medium varieties of peaches have time to ripen well even in the northern part of the Moscow region.

Any type of soil is suitable for growing peaches. The main condition for planting is good drainage from crushed brick chips. Moderately carbonate loams are optimal for planting a peach tree.

Seedlings should not be planted in areas after strawberries, tomatoes, alfalfa or clover. Peach trees oppress apple and pear trees, cherries. When choosing the location of fruit crops, this must be taken into account.

The area intended for growing peaches must be dug up with high quality, weeds must be removed and the soil must be saturated with oxygen. Fertilizers should be applied to depleted soils. With increased acidity of the soil, add 300-400 grams of dolomite flour per square meter for deoxidation.

When planting peaches, it is recommended to follow a 4x3 or 4x4 meter pattern. The depth of the planting hole should be 50-60 centimeters, the diameter should be at least 40-50 centimeters. On fertile soils, it is necessary to make holes with a size of 70x70 centimeters and a depth of about 55-60 centimeters. It is very useful for fruit plantations to mulch the plants after planting with sawdust, leaves or grass.

Careful implementation of all agrotechnical techniques will allow you to get a full harvest of peaches in the conditions of the Moscow region. The peach tree needs to be watered regularly, especially during hot dry periods or when the soil moisture capacity is insufficient. For one adult fruit-bearing tree, it is necessary to use 40-50 liters of water for one irrigation.

In the spring, fertilizers containing nitrogen must be used for feeding. They have a beneficial effect on the growth and development of the vegetative mass of the plant. In the summer and autumn periods, it is recommended to use fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium as top dressing.

Peach branches are quite fragile and can break under the weight of ripening fruits, so special supports must be placed under them. It is also advisable to carry out timely rationing of the harvest.

With the climatic features and weather conditions of the Moscow region, high-quality preparation of peach trees for frost and proper shelter for the winter is required. Plants should be covered after pruning and feeding.In late autumn, the plant conductor must be cut out, leaving only 4 shortened lower shoots for the winter. The pruned stem of the fruit plant must be sprinkled with high quality loose soil and foliage.

Peach trees used to grow in the south. Since the middle of the last century, breeders have begun to promote this crop to cooler regions, and today it is possible to grow nectarine or peach in central Russia. Planting frost-resistant varieties zoned for the Moscow region, many summer residents manage to get fairly high yields.

The best varieties

The moderately continental climate of the middle zone can be characterized as unstable and changeable. Winters here are both relatively mild and quite harsh and snowy, with temperatures dropping below -20 ° C. Summers are not too hot, with a lot of rainfall and fog. Such conditions significantly complicate the cultivation of peaches in the Moscow region. However, now this problem can be easily solved by choosing the right variety, rootstock and observance of agricultural practices.

LThe best varieties for central Russia and the center in particular are early and mid-season varieties that yield in the middle of summer. Since the main problem of cultivating peaches in these regions is the freezing of trees in winter, it is necessary to choose exclusively frost-resistant varieties. These are columnar peaches and nectarines. This is a real miracle of modern breeding, since in addition to their compact size, excellent yield and unpretentiousness, they are also self-pollinated.

In Russia, gardeners successfully grow the following peach varieties:

• Redhaven. This is the largest and most fruitful peach that can be grown in the Moscow region. The weight of its fruits reaches 120–150 g, and the yield during the peak period (10–11 years) is more than 100 kg per tree. It belongs to an American variety, but it tolerates frost well. Fruits are yellow-orange with a beautiful raspberry blush;
• Kiev early. An early ripe variety with very sweet and relatively large (up to 110 g) fruits. Possesses good immunity to frost and fungal diseases, but does not tolerate excess moisture. The fruits are light yellow, covered with a reddish mottled blush. The pulp is straw or greenish-white in color, very juicy and moderately sweet;
• Greensboro. Another large-fruited peach for growing in the Moscow region. Its fruits reach a weight of 130 g and have exceptional commercial qualities: one-dimensional, greenish skin, densely covered with blush;
• Early Sychova. Small-fruited variety (fruit weight is 45-50 g), but this disadvantage is compensated by high yield due to the large number of ovaries. Fruits are greenish-white, with a blurred blush, sweet, with a slight sourness;
• White Swan. Mid-season variety of domestic selection, ripening by the beginning of August. Fruits are large (150-200 g), attractive round shape. The skin is pale yellow with a slight mottled blush. The pulp is white or creamy, sweet in taste, very juicy, which makes it difficult to transport the fruit;
• Donskoy frost-resistant. One of the most cold-resistant varieties in the mid-season category. The ripening and consumption period lasts from the second half of August to mid-September. Fruits are medium-sized (60–80 g), but very beautiful - bright orange with intense blush. The pulp is yellow-creamy, very sweet. Bears fruit for 3-4 years.

Also in the middle lane, you can try to grow a honey peach. It is a columnar variety with very beautiful large (up to 180 g) fruits. It is frost-hardy, self-fertile, and has a high immunity to disease. Ripening falls on the gray hair of July. Fruits are bright yellow, half covered with blush.

When and how to plant

Planting and caring for peach trees is not difficult even for beginners in this business.They grow well in any soil, subject to the availability of high-quality drainage and the location of the site in a sunny place. The most suitable soil for peach is a fertile loam of low acidity with the presence of carbonate fractions. If they are not there, you can improve the drainage properties of the site by adding fine gravel or brick chips. Peach seedlings are planted in the spring in the Moscow region, especially if they are with an open root system. The pits are prepared in advance - if we plant them in the spring, then we dig the pits and fill them with fertilizers (humus - 7-10 kg, ash - 1 liter, superphosphate - 150-200 g) in the fall. Peaches, like nectarines, usually have a compact crown, so they can be planted in a compacted pattern - 4x4 m or 4x3 m apart.

Since most trees are self-fertile, you need to take care of planting a number of pollinators - any stone fruit crops, but better than other varieties of peaches.

Further care

The first 2-3 years after planting trees require increased attention. Comprehensive care during this period includes the following processes:

• frequent, but moderate watering as needed (later, adult peaches are watered during flowering and fruiting);
• top dressing from the second year of life (in spring - nitrogen, in autumn - potassium), a fruiting tree is fed with potassium 2 times a month;
• the area of ​​the trunk circle must be regularly loosened shallowly or covered with mulch;
• forming trims. In the middle lane, it is recommended to form peaches in the form of a bush, leaving after each pruning no more than 5 fruiting shoots and 3-4 new ones;
• a young tree needs rationing of the yield (removal of part of the ovaries), since thin young branches, as a rule, are not able to hold the entire load of the crop on themselves.

Preparing for winter

All peaches, regardless of the variety, are thermophilic and have a short rest period. This is dangerous because from the slightest thaw, the tree can wake up and freeze partially or completely. Therefore, all peach trees grown in the middle lane must be covered for the winter.

Shelter is subject not only to the roots, but also to the crown. If the tree is small, it is bent to the ground, and the top is covered with warm, but breathable material (so that the shoots do not come out). An adult tree is covered with roots and branches separately, using an air-dry method.

Peach Planting Video

This video will show you how to plant peaches correctly.

Most gardeners mistakenly believe that peaches and nectarines are different types of fruit. In fact, the genetic difference between these two fruit crops is represented by only one recessive gene. Nectarine is considered to be an improved peach with a sweeter taste and aroma, as well as superior to its counterpart in the content of ascorbic acid and carotene.

Selection rules

The climate of the Moscow region is moderately continental, with relatively mild winters and warm, relatively humid summers. It is not too difficult to find a nectarine or peach variety for the Moscow region. It is important to pay attention to the type of rootstock, as well as the ripening period of the variety of this fruit crop.

The best varieties for this region of cultivation are characterized by an early and medium-early period of crop formation, and also have sufficient resistance to low-temperature regimes in winter and late spring frosts. High-quality peach seedlings for the Moscow region, like nectarine seedlings, are recommended to be purchased in nurseries selling zoned varieties.

Names and descriptions of nectarine varieties

Nectarine is a type of peach, but its fruit has a smooth skin. Compared to peaches, nectarines are characterized by a higher resistance to diseases and pests, and the breeding of winter-hardy varieties made it possible to grow this fruit crop even in more northern regions.

Variety name	Plant	Fruit	Pulp
Crimson Gold	Medium, winter-hardy and high-yielding	Large, weighing 125-135 g, rounded, yellow with a blurred striped red blush	Delicate, fibrous, juicy, with high palatability
"Big Top"	Medium height, with a rounded crown	Large, oval, bright red with a raspberry blush	Sweet and juicy, easily separates from the bone
"Flavor Top"	Medium height, early fruiting	Large, weighing up to 150 g, rounded, yellow with a blurred striped red blush	Very tender, juicy, with a high sugar content
"Harco"	Medium, frost-resistant, productive	Yellow in color, medium in size. 90% of the surface is covered with a reddish purple blush	Medium density, very juicy and tasty, easily separates from the pits
"Redgold"	Medium, frost-resistant, very productive	Large, oval, 80% dark red blush	Yellow coloration, relatively dense, easily separates from the bone

Names and descriptions of peach varieties

Peach seedlings for planting in the soil and climatic conditions of the Moscow region should be well developed, and the varieties should be chosen fast, with sufficient frost resistance, including to return frosts in the spring. On the territory of the Moscow region, it is preferable to grow early ripe peach varieties.

Variety name	Plant	Fruit	Pulp
"Favorite of Moretini"	Early maturing, with a spreading crown	Medium, weighing up to 95 g, rounded-elongated, with a delicate velvety yellow skin. Red strokes of blush are present	Amber yellow, delicate, fibrous, juicy and aromatic. The bone is difficult to separate
Greensboro	Medium height, spreading crown	Oval, large, weighing up to 130 g, greenish-cream with a raspberry or red-burgundy blush on ¼ of the surface	Greenish, fibrous, juicy, sweet with a slight sourness. The aroma is present
Redhaven	Average vigor, rounded crown	Large, weighing from 120 g, rounded-oval, unequal. The skin is dense, yellow with a bright red blush and delicate pubescence	Yellow, with bright raspberry veins, dense consistency, excellent taste
"Kiev early"	Average vigor, wide-round crown	Medium, up to 75–80 g. Cream peel with delicate velvety pubescence	Straw yellow, almost transparent, sweet and sour, with a pronounced aroma

Terms and rules for planting seedlings

This fruit crop is grown on any type of soil, the main condition for planting is the presence of good drainage, which can be used as crushed brick chips. The most suitable soil for planting peach or nectarine seedlings is moderately carbonate loam.

Fruit seedlings of these crops should not be planted in areas after growing tomatoes, strawberries, clover or alfalfa. Peach and nectarine oppress cherries, pear trees and apple trees, which must be taken into account when choosing the location of fruit crops.

Also read: Pear "Pakham": description of the variety and useful properties

Growing features

If the technology of cultivation is observed, peaches and nectarines of early varieties ripen perfectly even in the northern part of the Moscow region. To get a full harvest, you should follow all agrotechnical techniques:

• in the late autumn period, it is recommended to cut out the plant conductor, leaving only four lower shortened shoots for the winter;
• it is very important to sprinkle the already cut stem of the fruit plant with loose soil and foliage for the winter;
• watering should be carried out regularly, especially with insufficient moisture capacity of the soil and in a very dry, hot period;
• the standard rate of water consumption per adult fruit-bearing tree is about 40-50 liters;
• for feeding in the spring, it is imperative to use nitrogen-containing fertilizers, which have a beneficial effect on the growth and development of the vegetative mass of fruit plantations;
• in summer and autumn, it is recommended to use fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium as top dressing;
• it is advisable to carry out timely rationing of the harvest, as well as to substitute special supports under the branches, since the branches of fruit trees such as peach and nectarine are quite fragile and can break under the weight of ripening fruits.

How nectarine differs from peach (video)

The climatic features and weather conditions of the Moscow region imply high-quality preparation of plants for frost and proper shelter of fruit plantations for the winter. Plants should be covered after feeding, pruning and bending to the ground. Compliance with these basic requirements of agricultural technology will allow you to get regular good yields of fruits.

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Technology for growing a peach in the form of a bush in central Russia and the Moscow region

Shaping a peach tree into a bush shape

Growing peaches in the Middle Lane is not easy. Whatever you say, a tree with a finicky character. But what if you offer him to grow in the form of a bush? A common mistake

Peach - a painstaking culture. And to get the fruits, you have to work hard. In our region, it is grown mainly with a tree, in one trunk. But my peach ordeal for years has shown that this is wrong. Good fruiting can only be achieved from a shrub.

I have been in the peach business for over 16 years. And during this time, you can't count how many trees I lost. And then one day, after another failure, I cut down four practically dead peaches of my favorite varieties - Early and Kiev early. And, lo and behold, everyone gave abundant root shoots. In August, from this undergrowth, I formed bushes. On two plants he left 4 branches, and on the other two - 7. The next year the peaches bloomed and gave a small harvest. This was in 1997. Since then, they bear fruit annually (they missed only 2006). But I was sure that peach trees live no more than 6 years, and then they die. Therefore, he planted bones every year and renewed old ones with young seedlings. But now I mold them all with shrubs.

Forming secrets

Process peach molding boils down to the following. I do not remove the lower buds of the seedlings grown from the school. Shoots grow out of them. I form a bush of 2-3 branches, and in the second or third year they bear fruit. Fruiting lasts a maximum of 3 years (as a rule, the branches begin to be affected by gum flow). After that, I cut off all the branches in the spring at the level of the root collar. Over the summer, shoots grow, and in July-August I begin to form a bush, leaving 5 to 8 well-developed branches that bear fruit for 1-2 years. Every spring I check the condition of the stems and skeletal twigs. I cut the branches affected by clasterosporium and frost to the base, that is, to the root collar. For fruiting, I leave 4-5 branches and 2-3 one-year-olds for replacement. I repeat this process every year. An adult bush has 7-8 branches, of which 5-6 are fruit-bearing, 2-3 are substituted. Thus, the bush is completely rejuvenated within 2-3 years. I do not perform cutting (chasing). For this method of growing peaches, the Early variety is best suited. It is less susceptible to clotterosporia, curliness and more frost-resistant. And it ripens early. We harvest the first fruits on July 25-26, and the last ones by August 10th. With a large number of fruits on a branch (up to 30 or more), the peach turns out to be small, weighing 50-90 g, and if there are no more than 10 peaches, their weight increases to 140 g. The fruit is yellow-brown with a bright red tan. rum, yellow pulp, juicy, sweet, with a light, pleasant sourness.Its skin is slightly pubescent, when fully ripe, it is well removed, the stone is small, easily separated from the pulp. In 2005, a nine-year-old peach bush gave more than 30 kg of fruit, and the rest - from 5 kg to 20 kg.

My second favorite variety is Kievsky early. But, unfortunately, he is more susceptible to gum flow, is strongly affected by curliness and the yield is lower than that of the Ranniy variety. But the fruits are large - from 100-160 g and more. Ripens in early September.

In total, I grew more than 100 seedlings of the Early variety from the seeds, 50 seedlings of the Kievsky early variety.

Planting and leaving

I plant the seeds during the harvest. Early - in early August, and Kiev early - in September. Seedlings appear in May of the next year. I grow seedlings in a school for a year.

At the age of one, I plant the earth in place. I prepare holes for planting in the summer. First, I prepare the fertilizer: I take one and a half buckets of chicken or two buckets of cow's surplus manure and half a bucket of ash, mix everything with vegetable soil and fill it with water. Then I water each hole 2-3 times and leave it until spring.

I water the planted seedlings, and the fruit-bearing bushes during the summer 5-6 times so that the water soaks the soil by 40-50 cm. rinse or a bucket of cow dung.

Several times during the season I carry out the treatment of shrubs with disinfectant solutions. In early spring: a solution of diesel fuel and soap. Before flowering: Bordeaux liquid (3%).

After flowering: I dissolve in 10 liters of water 50-70 g of soda ash, 20 g of copper sulfate, 10 g of boric acid, 1 g of manganese, 10 drops of iodine.

During the ovary and ripening of fruits: to the previous solution I add an infusion of herbs (tansy, thousand-leaf, celandine, chamomile, nettle).

By the way:

Peach juice helps to remove toxins from the body. In addition, half a glass of juice a day will help normalize heart rate and improve blood quality.

Suitable varieties of apricot for the Moscow region

The Moscow region is an area in which, in order to grow an apricot, you need to constantly take care of the tree. In addition, not all varieties are suitable for growing in such a climatic zone. Our article will tell you how to grow an apricot in the Moscow region and which varieties are best suited.

Hardy varieties

In the Moscow region, for growing apricots, you should take only hardy varieties that can withstand the climate of this zone. When growing apricots, preference should be given to varieties that have a fairly high resistance to frost, since this is a fairly common phenomenon here in the cold season.

In this climatic zone, the following varieties of apricot have shown themselves better than others: red-cheeked, hardy, Russian, honey, snowflake, northern triumph. It was these apricot varieties that received the best reviews from gardeners. In addition to these varieties, other early-growing varieties will feel good in the Moscow region.

Let's consider the above types in more detail.

Red-cheeked

Apricot Red-cheeked is the most common variety that is grown today in the Moscow region.

This variety has a distinctive feature, which is the rather significant size of the tree, which has a spreading and rounded crown. The tree bears fruit with relatively large fruits. The average weight of one apricot ranges from 40 to 50 grams. They are characterized by an ovoid or rounded-flat shape. The skin color is golden orange with a beautiful and pronounced blush. In this case, the apricots have the appearance of light pubescence. The skin is rather thin, but dense. The pulp is light orange in color. It tastes sweet and pleasant, and the bone separates quite well from it. Sometimes the pulp can give off a slight sourness.A pleasant aroma of fruits is noted, due to which the variety has one of the best reviews for this indicator.

The content of dry matter in the pulp is 13.70%. At the same time, the content of sugars at the level of 9.72% was noted in the fruits, ascorbic acid - 13.7 mg / 100g, as well as acids - 1.37%.

Red Cheek has the following features:

• strong and vigorous tree;
• high winter hardiness. The variety has the best winter-hardy properties of all fruit plants grown in the Moscow region;
• self-fertility;
• good productivity and large-fruited;
• sufficiently high resistance to various diseases.

With improper care, the tree produces small fruits, and the yield becomes irregular. If the care was correct, and the planting of the seedling was successful, then the tree begins to bear fruit already from 3-4 years. The yield is maintained every year. Fruit ripening occurs in July (end of the month). Fruiting is possible on bouquet branches, spurs, as well as annual growths left on the tree after cutting in the spring of last year. This variety is characterized by unpretentiousness to soils.

Apricots of the Krasnoshekiy variety can be eaten both fresh and used for making jams, compotes, and dried fruits. Moreover, the fruits themselves can be stored for one week. They tolerate transportation conditions well.

Apricots of the Krasnoshekiy variety are considered a universal variety, so it can be grown practically throughout the entire territory of Russia. But he gained maximum popularity in the Moscow region.

Hardy

The name of the variety shows that this apricot is very hardy in terms of withstanding low temperatures. Its winter-hardy properties are among the best among apricots grown in the Moscow region. At the same time, winter hardiness extends not only to the tree, but also to its flower buds.

The tree itself is characterized by strong growth. It has a large size and a round crown. It is characterized by moderate neglect.

The first fruiting occurs only 5-6 years after the seedling is planted in the ground. But at the same time, excellent productivity is noted. The fruits are medium in size and have a rounded flat shape. The weight of one fruit is 30-45 grams. Apricots are golden orange in color with a bright carmine blush. The skin is characterized by minimal pubescence. The pulp is tasty and sweet, has a bright orange color. Very aromatic. An increased sugar content has been described for her. The separation of the bone from the pulp is quite easy. The seed is pretty sweet.

Fruit ripening occurs late - in the first decade of August.

Of the advantages of the variety, the following parameters can be noted:

• stable and high yield. Up to 60-80 kg of the crop can be harvested from one tree;
• self-fertility;
• high resistance to most diseases;
• excellent winter hardiness. The tree can withstand fairly low temperatures due to its thick bark. Thanks to her, the apricot easily tolerates frosts, if there is no damage to the branches of the trunk.

Apricot variety Hardy can be eaten both fresh and in the form of compotes, jam or dried fruits.

Russian

An excellent choice for growing in the middle lane of the country, as well as the Moscow region, is the Russian variety. As well as the two previous species, apricot has increased winter hardiness against the background of high yields.

The Russian is a fairly large tree with a medium-sized crown. Unlike the two varieties described above, the tree does not grow very tall. Its growth is better than the previous two, suitable for a comfortable harvest. Large fruits are formed on the tree, which weigh 50 grams on average.

The shape of the apricot is round, although outwardly it is slightly compressed from the sides. The skin of the Russian is colored yellow-orange with a faint blush. The pubescence of the skin is poorly expressed. The pulp has a harmonious taste and a bright apricot aroma.Its color is yellow.

The fruits are usually consumed fresh. They are not used for processing at all.

The advantages of this type of apricot include the following qualities:

• high productivity;
• excellent taste of fruits;
• excellent winter hardiness. It can even withstand 30-degree frosts;
• resistance to a number of diseases.

Honey

This is a vigorous variety. Honey can reach a height of four meters. It is very inconvenient to harvest such trees without using a stepladder. Has a wide and spreading crown. Relatively small, isosceles fruits are formed on the tree. The skin color of the Honey Apricot is yellow. At the same time, small red dots are scattered on it, which are most densely located at the top of the fruits. Weak pubescence of fruits is characteristic. The apricot pulp of this variety has a fibrous and dense texture. It is yellow in color and has a sweetish taste. In terms of taste, such an apricot gives odds to many other varieties.

The Honey variety also has the best reviews for its winter-hardy properties, as it can withstand frosts down to -35 degrees and even lower.

The advantages of this type of apricot include the following parameters:

• yield;
• excellent taste of fruits, which can be used both for processing and for fresh consumption;
• exceptional frost-resistant properties that allow the plant to withstand even the most severe and long frosts.

The fruits of this tree are most often consumed fresh. But with the same success, jams and compotes are prepared from them.

Snegirek

Another leader in winter hardiness is the Snegirek variety. It is grown today even in the North. Therefore, such a fruit tree will perfectly fit into the climate conditions of the Moscow region, which are not as severe as in the North. The fruit tree can develop on any soil.

The tree of this species grows to a height of only 1.5 meters, which makes harvesting from it very comfortable and convenient. Despite such a rather small size, up to 10 kg of fruit can be removed from one tree.

A distinctive feature of the fruits of this fruit variety is increased elasticity, which contributes to an increased indicator of the transportable properties of fruits, and also increases their shelf life. If all storage conditions are met, such apricots can lie and not deteriorate until mid-winter.

The obvious disadvantages of the species include the fact that the tree has low resistance to some diseases. Snegirek demonstrates the greatest susceptibility to leaf spot and moniliosis. In the spring, if there is frequent rainy weather, the tree needs to be given special attention and sprayed against these diseases. If the onset of the infection was detected, then treatment should be started immediately to prevent the possibility of spreading the disease to other trees.

So, the list of advantages of this variety of apricot should include the following:

• lack of special requirements for the place of cultivation in terms of soil indicators;
• high productivity;
• excellent properties of fruits, allowing them to be stored for a rather long period of time;
• high transportability of fruits;
• self-fertility;
• has one of the highest frost-resistant indicators, which allow you to grow a tree even in the northern regions of the country.

Northern triumph

Triumph Severny was obtained by crossing the varieties Severny Early and Krasnoschekiy. It was developed for the central black earth zone. Therefore, in the conditions of the Moscow region, he has some difficulties with wintering, although it tolerates low temperatures with dignity.

Northern Triumph is a vigorous plant on which a rather spreading crown is formed. This aspect of growing should be taken into account when planning your garden to avoid unnecessary shading by the tree of other garden plants.

The variety is characterized by large fruits with a rounded-oval shape.The weight of one apricot can be approximately 55 grams. The fruits are yellow-orange in color, on the shadow side of which there is a noticeable greenness. The peel is pubescent and of medium thickness. The pulp is homogeneous, has an orange color and a pleasant taste. The apricots taste sweet and melting. The stone is medium in size.

The first harvest can be obtained four years after planting the seedling.

The advantages of this type of apricot include the following points:

• high productivity;
• excellent taste characteristics;
• horizontal resistance to various diseases.

Of course, in some respects, Triumph Severny is inferior to the above-described apricot varieties, but it is still quite often grown in the gardens of the Moscow region.

Growing features

Given the climatic features in the Moscow region, when growing apricots there, certain recommendations must be followed. When planting a seedling in spring, for its faster growth and high yield, in the future, the rules for planting, fertilizing and watering should be observed.

When planting seedlings or sprouted seeds, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the apricot is a light and heat-loving plant. Therefore, the place for further disembarkation should be well lit and warm (especially in the morning). It is better to choose the south side of existing buildings or fences. When placing seedlings, it is recommended to use the 6 × 4 pattern, where “6” means the distance in meters between rows, and “4” - in a row.

Planting a seedling in the spring of any of the above-described apricot varieties should be carried out according to the following algorithm:

• digging a shallow hole. Its approximate dimensions should be 70x70x70cm;
• planting a seedling does not imply a deep lowering of it into a prepared planting pit. It is enough just to cover the seedling with earth slightly above the rhizome;
• after that we lightly trample the ground with our foot. The soil near the rhizome should be tamped tightly.

The planted tree should be watered 5-6 times during one season.

For young trees, you need to observe the water regime, which is more demanding than that of adult plants. So, young trees need to be moistened 2-3 buckets more than old trees.

Diagram of apricot crown formation

As the plant grows, the amount of watering should be slightly reduced. In addition to seedlings in the Moscow region, there are conditions for growing apricots from the stone. It is very often quite problematic to grow a purchased seedling, since not all trees are well tolerated by such stress as transplanting to a new place. Especially if the seedling used to grow in other climatic conditions. This greatly affects the adaptability of the tree and very often leads to the death of the seedling in the first year after planting.

Planting seeds eliminates this risk and allows you to grow a strong and fruitful plant. If the seedling is planted either in early spring or in the fall, then the seed should be harvested in the fall. It will be too late to do such manipulations in the spring.

For growing apricot from seeds in the Moscow region, you should be guided by the following scheme:

1. we select the sweetest and largest fruits;
2. we separate the bone from the pulp and rinse it in water, to which potassium permanganate was previously added;
3. prepare a container for the bone. Fill it halfway with sand. We put the bone there so that it is completely under a layer of sand;
4. we bring water into the container. The surplus can simply be drained;
5. then close the container with the bone with a lid with pre-made holes in it and put it in a cold place (you can put it in the refrigerator).

Periodically, you need to check the condition of the soil so that it is constantly moistened. With this method, you will receive the first shoots in March. They will have a bright red color, but in the spring (closer to the middle) they will turn green. Choose the strongest and strongest shoots from the growth.We carry out their planting in open ground according to the same scheme as purchased seedlings.

Since almost all fruit trees suitable for growing in the Moscow region are self-fertile species, several apricot trees should be planted in the garden at once. This will increase their pollination and yield levels.

In the first year after planting in open ground, it is necessary to mulch the earth along the perimeter of the trunk. If there is no mulching, then the earth under the tree will retain moisture, preventing it from penetrating through the formed crust to the root system. As a result, there is a decrease in the vital functions of the plant, which leads to a decrease in yield, as well as a decrease in the palatability of the fruit.

In addition, mulching allows you to avoid severe freezing of the soil due to which the apricot may die. Young trees tend to freeze their lower branches. Therefore, seedlings and young plants must be covered for the winter, especially the lower branches. This must be done even for varieties for which the highest frost resistance is described (-35 degrees of frost). You can cover with burlap or any other dense fabric.

For young stock, in the spring, it is necessary to inspect the trunk for cracks. If found, the cracks should be covered with garden varnish. To increase the yield of already enough fertile varieties, you need to fertilize the trees with horse manure and peat.

Since almost all varieties suitable for growing in the Moscow region have strong growth and a rounded shape, there is no need to carry out shaping pruning for the crown.

The presence of a fairly high resistance of hardy varieties of apricot to various types of diseases is not yet a reason not to monitor the health of trees. Some varieties have medium or even low resistance to certain infections. Here, a more careful monitoring of the state of health will not hurt at all and, when the first symptoms of the disease are detected, take the necessary treatment measures. In addition, do not forget about preventive measures, which are the best fight against various infections. For preventive purposes, plants can be treated with Bordeaux mixture, as well as any preparations that contain copper.

As you can see, even in the conditions of the Moscow region, you can plant a fairly large number of apricot varieties that can not only grow, but also give an excellent level of yield. Planting, curing, and watering correctly will make your garden more fruitful and your fruit tastier.

Video "Apricot variety Melitopol early"

After watching the video, you can see what the tree and the fruits of this variety look like.

The best varieties of peaches and nectarines (with photos)

Peach is a fast-growing, short-lived culture, characterized by intensive growth and a rapid pace of passing through the age periods. The buds are early ripening, therefore, in young individuals from the wintering bud during the growing season, a branched system of shoots with lateral branches of the second and third order is formed. Along with this, it should be noted the high awakening ability of the buds and the shoot-producing ability, due to which the crown of 1-2-year-old trees is usually strongly thickened.

Not so long ago, the peach was considered an exceptionally thermophilic crop and could only be grown in southern regions with a mild climate. Modern varieties of peaches can withstand frosts down to -28C, which allows the plant to be planted in all latitudes. Flowering, fruiting and ripening of fruits directly depends on the variety (early, middle and late ripening), the climate of the area where the tree is grown, as well as on the growing conditions and care. The gardener should also remember that all varieties of fruits ripen in the greenhouse. For planting in open ground, you need to choose those of them, the fruits of which ripen during the growing season.

Trees with a fan-shaped crown are grown in greenhouse conditions.Each plant requires a 3/2 m area. The greenhouse should receive sunlight, in the summer at least half a day.

The varieties of early ripening include those whose fruits ripen in July-August. Middle and medium - late ripening varieties ripen in the third decade of August or early September. Late peaches are harvested in September-October.

What is the best peach variety to plant

When choosing which variety of peach to plant is best, you need to take into account that early varieties come into fruiting 2-3 years after planting. High yields begin to be yielded in 4-5 years. Late fruits begin to bear fruit at 5-6 years. Many varieties are self-pollinated, but in order for a tree to bring a rich harvest, it is recommended that 4-5 trees be adjacent to ensure cross-pollination.

In the peach culture, a large number of generative buds, ovaries and, as a result, an abundance of fruits are laid annually, but they can be small or poorly colored. To obtain high quality fruits, you need to regularly thin out the crown, which will provide good illumination. This work will help regulate the rate of fruiting. In the absence of pruning, trees age early, yields decrease.

The most common varieties are:

Alexander	Amsden	Greensboro
Gavazuri	Red-cheeked	Success
Elbert	Champion

Peach variety "Kiev early" (with description and photo)

In Russia, the peach variety "Kievskiy early", bred by crossing the peaches "Kashchenko 208" and "Gros Mignon", has won great popularity. It is a short tree or bush, reaching 4-5 m, which makes it convenient enough for harvesting. The crown is round, compact, of medium density.

Fruits weighing 60-100 g, round in shape with a pronounced abdominal seam. Skin tone ranges from light yellow to off-white with a slight blurred blush.

The pulp is white, without redness near the stone, juicy, dense, sweet, with a barely noticeable sourness, pleasant to the taste. In a warm climate, fruits ripen on July 15-20. When describing the Kiev early peach, it should be noted that the winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is high, so the variety can be grown in any latitude. The yield is high, about 60 kg of fruits are obtained from one tree. "Kievsky early" is resistant to powdery mildew, curly leaves and other diseases.

Peach "White Swan": photo and description

Peach "White Swan" is a medium-sized tree up to 6 m in height. Its crown is spreading, broadly oval. Fruits are round, large, weighing 150-200 g. The skin is intensely yellow, with a pink blush. The pulp is white-creamy, juicy, with a high sugar content, due to which the White Swan variety is considered a dessert. Fruit ripening occurs at the 20th of August. This peach is high-yielding, self-fertile. Withstands prolonged droughts. Increased frost resistance, tolerates temperatures up to - 25 ° C. Flower buds are not damaged by frost. The fruits are transportable. They are used fresh, and also go to the manufacture of compotes, juices, preserves, desserts.

Description of the peach "Ambassador of Peace"

Peach "Ambassador of Peace" - a tree of medium height, reaching 5-6 m, with a spherical spreading crown. Flower buds are laid on all types of shoots. The fruits are round, very attractive in appearance. Their mass is 180-220 g. The skin is yellow - carmine. The pulp is yellow, quite juicy, fibrous, and has a pleasant taste. The fruits ripen in the second half of August. "Ambassador of Peace" is frost-hardy, with high resistance to spring frosts. Self-fertile. Brings regular rich harvests. To prevent tree branches from breaking under the weight of the fruit, a normalizing annual pruning is required.

Greensboro peach

Greensboro peach introduced in America in 1981. It has many positive qualities that cover some of its shortcomings.It is a vigorous tree with a wide spreading crown. Annual shoots of medium length and thickness, smooth, burgundy, have short internodes. The flower buds are large, ovate, pointed from above. The leaves are thick, leathery, with the ends bent down, 16 cm long. The surface of the leaf plate is smooth, shiny, dark green, the lower part is greenish-gray. The flowers are large, with wide pale pink petals. The pedicel is short. Fruits are spherical, slightly elongated, weighing 100-120 g, with a blunt top and a small depression, which is a characteristic feature of the variety. The peel is coarsely pubescent, greenish-creamy, with a blush in the form of dots, occupying? part of the fruit.

The pulp is very juicy, fibrous, fragrant, the same shade as the peel. It tastes sweet and sour. The stone does not separate from the pulp, often cracks. Winter hardiness of the Greensboro variety is high. Its disadvantage is the poor transportability of the fruit.

Peach variety "Fluffy early": photo and description

Peach "Fluffy early" - a tree up to 5-6 m in height. The crown is broadly oval, slightly spreading. Fruits are elliptical with a rounded apex, in which there is a small depression, weighing 70-100 g. The peel is of medium density, with a weak ventral seam and tomentose, cream shade with a bright red blush. The pulp is loose, fibrous, tender, white, sweet taste. The "Fluffy Early" peach variety is valued for its good winter hardiness and annual, rich harvests. The disadvantages include satisfactory taste of the fruit.

Description and photo of the peach "Golden Jubilee"

Peach "Golden Jubilee" Is an American variety, bred in 1921. It is a medium-sized, fast-growing tree with a height of 4-5 m. Fruits are large, weighing 130-140 g, spherical, with a weakly expressed abdominal suture, deepening towards the base. There is a narrow, deep funnel at the top. The skin is dense, slightly pubescent, golden yellow with a dark red blush.

The pulp is juicy, non-fibrous, yellow-orange, on the palate sweet with sourness. The stone separates well from the pulp. Fruit ripening occurs in the second half of August. The description of the "Golden Jubilee" peach will be incomplete without mentioning its frost resistance and winter hardiness of flower buds. Fruiting occurs at the age of 3. Trees give annual, bountiful harvests (40-50 kg per bush). The fruits of this variety are transportable. Stored in storage for up to 8 days.

What the Golden Jubilee peach looks like can be seen in the photo below:

Peach variety "Favorite Morettini"

Peach "Favorite Morettini" - an early variety bred in Italy. Medium-sized tree with a spreading crown. Fruits are round-oval, small and medium, weighing 70-90 g, with a superficial ventral seam. The skin is dense, velvety pubescent, yellow, with a red dotted and streaked blush, which occupies most of the fruit. The top is pointed. The pulp is tender, fibrous, juicy, aromatic, sweet, with a good taste. The bone is not separated from the pulp. The fruits ripen in early July. Transportability is average. The shelf life is 3-4 days. The yield of this variety is average. Winter hardiness is high.

Peach variety "Veteran" (with photo and description)

The Veteran peach variety was bred in Canada. It is a weakly growing tree up to 4 m in height with a spherical thickened crown. Fruits are round in shape, weighing 130-180 g. The peel is yellow, with a pronounced blush, which occupies most of the fruit. The pulp is yellow, of medium density, juicy, aromatic, sweet, with sourness, good taste. Maturation occurs on August 10-15.

The description of the Veteran peach is in many ways similar to the description of other winter-hardy varieties of this culture. The yield of the tree is high. Up to 50 kg of fruits are obtained from one individual. This variety is distinguished by an abundance of flower buds, which ensures stable fruiting after harsh winters.The advantages of the Veteran peach include good keeping quality and transportability of the fruit. The tree is resistant to powdery mildew, clasterosporium disease.

Peach variety "Redhaven": photo and description

The Redhaven peach variety was bred in the USA in 1940. This is a short tree up to 5 m in height, with a wide-cone-shaped crown of medium density, up to 10 m wide. The bark of the branches is gray-brown, strongly cracking. Vegetative buds are small, conical. Generative - small, elongated to the top. The leaves are large, lanceolate, finely serrated along the edge, up to 17 cm long, up to 4 cm wide. The leaf blade is smooth, shiny, dark green. The flowers are bell-shaped, bright pink, of medium size.

Fruits are round or rounded-oval, weighing up to 140 g. The skin is dense, bright yellow, with a blurred red blush and delicate pubescence, easily removed from the fruit. The top has a depression and a slight bulge. The pulp is creamy, friable, fragrant, with a pleasant taste. The stone is easily separated from the pulp when the fruit is fully ripe. Ripening August 5-10.

Peach "Redhaven" (photo above) translated from English. means "red paradise". The variety received this name for the attractiveness and high taste of the fruit. Its advantages also include regular and abundant fruiting (from 50 to 100 kg of fruits from one bush), resistance to curly leaves. Redhaven is self-pollinated, but peaches of other varieties are planted in the neighborhood to increase yields. Due to the abundance of fruits, it is possible for them to shrink and overload the branches with the harvest.

Peach variety "Novoselovsky"

The Novoselovsky variety was bred by crossing one of the peach varieties with the Kievsky early. This is a dwarf tree up to 4 m in height. The crown is compact, rounded. Fruits weighing 50-70 g, round or round-oval, with a well-defined abdominal suture. The peel is pubescent, white-cream, with a blurred pink blush on the sunny side.

The pulp is greenish-white, tender, moderately sweet with sourness, satisfactory taste. The bone is fused with the pulp.

Ripening in the third decade of July. "Novoselovsky" is one of the most winter-hardy varieties, surpassing on this basis "Kievsky early" and some other frost-resistant varieties. However, the quality of the fruit is significantly inferior to the aforementioned peach.

Photo and description of "Irganayskiy late" peach

Irganayskiy late peach obtained by free pollination of the variety "Hadussamat yellow". The tree reaches 5-6 m in height. The crown is spreading, broadly oval. Shoots are straight and geniculate, green, red on the sunny side, slightly pubescent, with a few white lenticels. Each bud consists of two lateral generative and one vegetative. Generative buds are located on the lower and middle parts of the shoot. Leaves are broadly oval, elongated towards the base, shiny, dark green, flat, curved downward, serrate-crenate along the edge. The flowers are red, bell-shaped.

Fruits are round, weighing 120-160 g. The top is slightly depressed. The peel is yellow, with red spots, of medium thickness, easily removable.

The pulp is yellow-orange, non-fibrous, sweet. Ripens in late August - early September. Fruiting at 4-5 years of tree life. The variety is frost-hardy, generative buds are not damaged by spring frosts.

Peach "Domestic" (with photo and description)

Peach "Domestic" - a tree with a broadly oval crown, reaching up to 8 m in height.

Fruits are round-ovoid, slightly beveled, weighing 80-120 g. Creamy skin, with a bright raspberry or carmine blush, dense, with velvety pubescence. The pulp is white, friable, fleshy, moderately sweet with sourness. Variety "Domestic" early ripening.

Our gallery contains photos of peach varieties:

The best varieties of nectarine: photo and description

As you know, nectarine is a kind of peach, which differs from it with a smooth skin without pubescence, smaller fruit size and firmer pulp. A peach of the nectarine variety is more aromatic and tastier, but its pulp is not as juicy and loose as that of an ordinary peach.

Despite the huge variety of nectarine varieties, those that are stored longer and are better transported are popular. In addition, there are large-fruited varieties with a fruit weight of up to 200 g.

New winter-hardy varieties are quite promising and suitable for growing in a garden plot, such as:

Scythian	Krasnodarets	Favorite 1
Favorite 2	Fodor

The best varieties of nectarine:

Autumn blush	Rilines	Abundant
	Pink princess

Nectarine "Krasnodarets" - a tree reaching 4-6 m in height with a wide spreading crown. The flowers are pink, with oval pink petals. Fruits are small, elliptical, weighing up to 40 g. The peel is orange-yellow, with a dark red blush. Taste is average. The yield is high. Resistance to powdery mildew and klyasternosporiosis is average.

Nectarine "Skif" - a powerful, vigorous tree up to 10 m in height. The crown is wide-pyramidal. Fruits are round, weighing up to 120-180 g. The skin is yellow with a red blush. The bone is free. Ripens in mid-August. "Skif" is appreciated for its regular abundant yield, resistance of flower buds to frost and fruits of pleasant taste.

Lola nectarine - Uzbek variety. The trees are medium-sized, up to 5-6 m in height. The crown is broadly oval, slightly spreading. The flowers are pink-shaped. Fruits are broadly oval, weighing up to 100 g with a weakly pronounced abdominal suture. The skin is greenish-creamy with a dark red blush that occupies most of the fruit. The skin is of medium density and thickness, easily separating from the pulp. The pulp is white, fibrous, aromatic, sweet. The taste is satisfactory. The bone does not come off. Lola nectarine is self-fertile, early ripening. Increased winter hardiness.

You can see the varieties of nectarine and their external features in the photo below:

Having chosen a certain variety, you need to provide the plant with a sufficient amount of light. Landing sites must be protected from wind and drafts, located on high ground. You should not choose a low-lying area or a ravine for this culture, where cold air accumulates.

In terms of soils, the tree grows and bears fruit equally well on any drained nutrient soil. To create drainage, it is necessary to fill in a layer of gravel or brick chips at the bottom of the pit. Fertilizers are applied to poor soil a year before planting.

Today, peach breeding is practiced in many countries. It is noteworthy that this culture has gained immense popularity in recent years, displacing most other stone fruit crops. The most paramount tasks facing breeders are to increase winter hardiness, fruit transportability, and disease resistance.

The longevity of peach orchards is low, an average of 15-20 years. Under unfavorable conditions, it decreases to 10-12 years, under favorable conditions it increases to 30-40 years. Some individuals are able to live up to 50 years.

Red Haven - the standard of peach

Every gardener wants to have on his site the most delicious peach that grows well and gives a big harvest. The Redhaven peach variety is just that. It is excellent for growing in the gardens of our summer cottages and has all the properties of a high-class variety. The article will tell you what the redhaven peach variety is good for, as well as what gardeners should pay attention to when growing it.

Description of the variety

The Redhaven peach variety is American, bred at the University of Michigan only in 1940. At the moment, the most popular industrial planting of peaches in America - it occupies more than 70% of all areas allotted for this crop.A very successful example of selection, therefore, it is often used as a reference when breeding and breeding peaches. One of the most popular varieties among foreign breeders and amateur gardeners.

Redhaven is a relatively short tree, no more than 5 meters in height with a wide, up to 10 meters, well-formed crown. If grafted onto almonds, then a 10-year-old tree grows no higher than 3 meters. Peach red haven is a long-liver, the life expectancy of the tree is up to 40 years, which is a lot for fruit trees.

The leaves are long and wide, up to 17 cm long and up to 4.3 cm wide, tapering towards the top. They are located on the roots in groups of 2-3 leaves, petioles up to 9 mm in length.

Redhaven, depending on the region, blooms from late April to mid-May. Flowers are medium in size, up to 22 mm in diameter, bright pink in color, with a strong aroma.

Begins to bear fruit from 3-4 years. Fruits appear between late July and mid-August (depending on climate). Redhaven is a high-yielding variety. In the sixth year of life, up to 40-50 kg of peaches can be harvested from the tree, and the maximum yield reaches at 11 years - up to 110 kg of fruit.

The fruits are large, each weighing 120-200 g, slightly flattened from the sides, 60 mm in diameter, covered with a velvety skin, which can be easily removed in ripe fruits. The color of the fruit is intense, bright red, the flesh is very juicy, with a good orange color. The stone is medium-sized, well separated from the pulp.

Dignity

Redhaven is a variety, the taste characteristics of which are considered by experts to be the closest to ideal among all peach varieties, according to a five-point tasting scale they have 4.9 points. Moreover, peaches have increased transportability, which, together with high yields, makes it an additional source of income for enterprising gardeners.

The species is winter-hardy, not afraid of spring frosts (it can withstand frosts up to minus 25 degrees without much loss). Also copes well with curly, the main disease of peach. These qualities make it possible to breed it over large areas with different climatic conditions.

It is also important that in this variety flower buds are formed already on annual growths, which means that with proper care the tree can begin to bear fruit as early as the second year of life.

Care Tips

Peach redhaven requires careful preparation before planting. For future successful growth, a place protected from the winds, but open to sunlight, will be ideal. It is desirable that the groundwater is located at least 1.5 meters. Do not plant it among mature tall trees - such a neighborhood will oppress the young tree and inhibit its development and growth.

It is advisable to plant seedlings during the dormant period: in early spring in March or in autumn in early September.

Video "Planting a peach seedling"

This video will show you how to properly plant a peach seedling.

Redhaven prefers slightly acidic soils (loamy and sandy loam), pre-filled with organic and mineral fertilizers. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out fertilizing often after planting.

Redhaven is a self-fertile variety, but bees visit it anyway (they are attracted by its flowers during the flowering period), therefore, for better pollination, it is advisable to plant several peach trees in the garden.

Redhaven is highly susceptible to fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and klyasternosporiosis, therefore, for successful growth and development, it is necessary to carry out the correct agricultural technique, spraying and monitoring the condition of the tree in time.

Due to its high yields, this variety often suffers from overload, due to which the fruits lose a lot in size. Therefore, it requires a compulsory annual procedure for the rationing of ovaries. To do this, at the beginning of June (depending on the region), when the growing fruits reach about 1.5 cm in diameter, they must be thinned with scissors or pruning shears so that the distance between the ovaries is at least 10 cm.In this case, the fruits grow as large as possible and juicy. But if you remove the already overgrown ovaries, the fruits will not become larger and you will not get an increase in the yield, and if you remove it early, then the tree can still drop some of the ovaries under the influence of unfavorable weather conditions and, on the contrary, you will not receive the harvest.

Peach tree crown formation scheme

Redhaven peach is an ideal cultivar for cultivation in summer cottages and backyard plots. High yield, resistance to frost and disease, together with proper agricultural technology, contribute to the fact that fragrant delicious fruits of the highest class will flaunt on your table every year.

What varieties of pears are suitable for growing in the Moscow region?

Thanks to selection, today there is a wide variety of pear varieties, which differ in both taste and climatic conditions of growth. Since not all varieties can grow in certain climatic latitudes, the question of choosing the type of fruit tree should be approached very carefully and responsibly. In this article, we will consider varieties of pears for the Moscow region.

Optimal conditions for growing pears in the Moscow region

The Moscow region is located in a certain climatic zone, which, of course, has a number of parameters. And they are not suitable for all varieties of pears. Its climatic features have a significant impact on the possibility of growing certain fruit trees in a given latitude. Thus, before purchasing seedlings, you must first familiarize yourself with the climatic features of the selected planting site. Let's consider in more detail the area of ​​the Moscow region.

The Moscow region is located in the middle zone, which assumes the presence of hot summers and cold winters, between which there are transition periods - autumn and spring. A positive characteristic of the area is the presence of sufficient rainfall to minimize additional irrigation.

One of the fundamental points that has a decisive importance for the growth and yield of a planted pear seedling is the time and place of planting. This tree is characterized by thermophilicity and varying degrees of frost resistance when changing the place of growth (depending on the variety). Therefore, the selection of a pear variety for the Moscow region is a very important aspect, since not every variety has the necessary characteristics for maximum yield and growth duration in this area.

As you know, planting young seedlings, as well as transplanting already existing adult trees, can be done both in spring and autumn. But experienced gardeners in this area are advised to carry out the above manipulations in the fall. This process is carried out in the period between the time when all the leaves on the tree have already fallen, but it is still far from the moment of the first frost.

It is recommended to plant one-year or two-year-old seedlings with a developed and strong root system in order to ensure maximum plant survival.

Freshly planted trees have tenacious and thorny branches that withstand windy weather.

In the spring, after disembarkation, the first buds will begin to bloom on the pear, which is rarely possible with a spring planting.

Planting a seedling should only be in the southwestern or southern parts of your garden plot, since this fruit tree has a high thermophilicity.

Planting holes should be prepared about a week before planting. Its dimensions should be 60x60x60 cm. The bottom of the pit is loose and we add rotted manure (it should not be fresh, otherwise the seedling may dry out), wood ash and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

Around the planted plant, we form an earthen roller, which will positively affect the preservation of moisture for a longer time after watering. After watering, we mulch the soil with hay, straw, sawdust or leaves. This technique will help the seedling calmly endure possible sudden temperature jumps, which is very typical for the Moscow region. It will also reduce the risk of developing weeds.

In such rather harsh climatic conditions, it is very problematic to grow most varieties of pears.But thanks to the work of breeders, varieties have appeared that are suitable for such climatic conditions.

Video "Planting pears in the middle lane"

The key to good fruiting and healthy growth of a tree is its correct planting, which will be discussed in this video.

Summer varieties

Summer pear varieties are the earliest. Their fruits begin to ripen closer to August. But a significant disadvantage of such trees is the poor preservation of fruits. Therefore, they must either be eaten immediately, or preserved (preserves, compotes, jams).

The most suitable summer varieties of pears for the Moscow region are:

• Lada. It is considered one of the earliest summer varieties. It tolerates winter and drought well. Has great resistance to fungal diseases. Outwardly, it is a medium-sized tree with a pyramidal crown. Fruits weighing up to 150 g and yellowish with a reddish blurred blush. Their taste is sweet and sour. Pears are rich in P-active substances and fructose. Fruiting begins 3 or 4 years after planting. The harvest is stable. The variety is weakly prone to scab;

• Prominent or Lumpy. It is considered a late summer variety. Fruit ripening occurs in early September. Possesses high winter hardiness and resistance to fungal infections. Pears have a yellowish-green hue, which, when ripe, acquires orange streaks. The fruits are rough and uneven. They do not ripen at the same time. Pears can be stored on the tree as they sit firmly on the branches, but are very poorly transported. The tree bears fruit in its fifth year;

• Chizhovskaya. Late summer variety. Good resistance to frost and certain diseases. Fruiting begins in the third year. Pears are pink in color. The taste is sweet and sour. The variety is self-fertile;

• Tenderness. Pears ripen by September. They are greenish and red. They are quite large in size - up to 200 g. The yield is quite high. Its fruits are stored for a long time at zero temperature;

• Cathedral. It is a mid-summer variety. Very popular in the Moscow region. The fruits are medium, their weight is about 100 g. They ripen in early August. The taste is sour with a sweetish aftertaste. Fruit ripening is fast. Low susceptibility to disease and frost.

Autumn varieties

In addition to varieties that ripen in summer, there are a number of varieties of pears that bear fruit in the fall and can grow in the Moscow region.

Autumn varieties that can grow in this area include:

• Muscovite. It is considered an early autumn species. The tree is small in size, but rather powerful skeletal branches are characteristic. The fruits are well stored and transported. Pears from the branches do not crumble. They are light yellow in color with green blotches. The pulp of pears is juicy and has a pronounced aroma. The fruits ripen quickly;

• Favorite of Yakovlev. Trees bear fruit since the fifth year. The yield is increasing every year. The color of the fruit is a mixture of yellow and green. They have a sweet and sour taste with a quince aroma. Astringency is absent. They ripen in mid-September;

• Fabulous. The trees are tall. The fruits are rather large and weigh 250 g. The taste is pleasant. Their color is greenish with a yellow tint. Stored for two weeks. Mashed potatoes and juices are made from them. This variety is resistant to scab and gall mites;

• Columnar pear. In the area of ​​the Moscow region, early autumn or late autumn varieties are usually planted, which are characterized by average winter hardiness. Late autumn species are greenish with orange splashes. Fruits can reach up to 200 g in mass. The taste is pleasant. Early autumn species have wide fruits, the weight of which can reach 300 g. Pears are very juicy and fragrant;

• Elegant Efimova. The variety is very productive and has a high winter hardiness. The appearance of the fruit is very beautiful. Pears are red-green in color. The crop should be harvested in a timely manner, otherwise they quickly overripe.Fruits can ripen at the end of August or throughout September;

• Vera Yellow. Fruit ripening occurs in the last days of September. High winter hardiness is characteristic. The harvest begins from the sixth year. There are peaks and drops in yields. Fruits are small, up to 170 g.

As you can see, in such a rather harsh climatic zone, in which the Moscow region is located, you can grow a large number of varieties of our beloved pear.