What is the best fig variety?

A fig tree, a fig, a fig, a fig tree, a Smyrna or wine berry - all these names belong to one plant that loses its foliage for the winter in the subtropics, whose homeland is the Mediterranean and Asia Minor.

general information

Figs have been known to humans since ancient times and have been cultivated for about five thousand years. Under favorable conditions, this tree grows and bears fruit for more than three centuries. Fruits filled with juice and having excellent quality of taste were appreciated by gourmets very dearly. There are more than a thousand varieties of this magnificent plant. Fruits have different sizes, shapes, colors, tastes, ripening times, productivity (some bear fruit twice a year). Fig berries are widely used in the food industry. A variety of figs has been developed, which is used only for obtaining dried fruits, and is not consumed fresh. A fig tree is indiscriminate to growing conditions, bears fruit steadily, is not susceptible to diseases and pests.

Fig: description, varieties, photos

The most popular are the following:

• Crimean black. It is of European origin. When caring for a crop, it is imperative to prune and form a crown. Its high yield and mid-ripening period of fruit ripening make it possible to feast on them twice a year - in July and September. The berries of the first harvest are large, purple, pear-shaped, asymmetrical, weighing up to 80 g. At the second harvest, the fruits are half as large, have an elongated pear-shaped shape and a black color, shimmering with violet. Raspberry juicy pulp has a slight sourness. In hot weather, the fruits of this variety of figs are dried in the sun.
• Dalmatian. One of the best early maturing table varieties. Two harvests are harvested per year, the fruits of the first weighing 180 g, the second - 130 g. The shape is elongated, resembles a narrow pear, the skin is yellowish with white spots. The flesh, sweet with a slight sourness of reddish color, melts in the mouth.
• Abkhazian purple. Refers to figs, the variety of which has a medium late ripening period. Bears fruit generously twice a year. The first harvest ripens after mid-August, its fruits have a mass not exceeding 80 g. The berries of the second harvest, which weigh not more than 50 g, ripen in early November. Fruits are brown-purple in color with an elongated slightly ribbed shape, very pleasant to the taste.

Frost resistant

Figs, varieties of which can grow at temperatures down to -27 degrees, are grown in garden and backyard plots as a decorating or fruit crop. The hardy ones include:

• Brunswick. It is famous for the early ripening of very large fruits. Their mass reaches about 200 g. The shape of the berry is pear-shaped, the color is greenish with a purple tint. The succulent sugar pulp has excellent taste qualities. It bears fruit twice a year. The application is multipurpose.
• Kadota. Medium late ripening, the crop is harvested twice a year. The mass of the fruit of the first harvest is 70 g and 60 g of the second. The fruit is rounded in the form of a pear, a rather dense skin of a yellowish tint with a green tint. The rich, mouth-watering, pinkish-red pulp has an attractive taste. Figs of the Kadota variety are not damaged during transportation. Used in industrial and home conditions for the production of jams and preserves.

Self-fertile

Fig trees mainly have male and female flowers. Parthenocarpic are hybrid varieties, the fruits of which are formed without pollination. There are not so many of them, and the White Adriatic figs can be attributed to them. Description of the variety: fruits weighing up to 60 g with a greenish skin and reddish pulp. They ripen twice a year. Berries have a pleasant sugar, almost sour taste.

Large-fruited

They have advantages over others due to their large and tasty fruits. The largest ones include:

• San Pedro is black. It was bred in Spain and gained its popularity all over the world, the fruits resemble a slanted egg in shape up to 10 cm in diameter, pleasant to the taste. The berries grow on vigorous fig trees that require maintenance and good fertile soil. Under ideal conditions, the fig tree produces a rich harvest twice a year. The fruits have a fragrant, sweet pink flesh and an almost black skin. Consumed fresh, dried or processed.
• Corderia. The berries of this variety of figs (photo below) are large, covered with a yellowish-green peel and contain a very sweet orange pulp of excellent taste. Corderia perfectly withstands the moisture deficit in the soil, so it is preferred to grow it in waterless areas.
• Sugar Celeste. A frost-resistant variety with large berries and two harvests per season. The fruit is sweet and juicy, pear-shaped with a thin greenish skin with a purple tint.

The sweetest

Strawberry. The variety is distinguished by its tall, strong trees and good cold resistance. Plants have good yields. Their pear-shaped fruits with a refined taste, sweet, fragrant pulp of medium size ripen after August 15. They are used fresh and processed.

Honey. Mid-season, does not require pollination, trees are thermophilic, undersized, spreading, do not need highly fertile soils. Fruits are light lettuce color, unusually sweet. The tree is adapted for growing at home.

Best early

Brogiotto nero. Pear-shaped fruits grow on tall, strong trees, yielding two consistently high yields per season. Berries weighing up to 90 g have a burgundy skin and excellent taste. And also among the best varieties of early ripening are figs Dalmatsky and Brunswik, the description of which was made above. For full ripening, 80 days are enough for them.

Mid-late varieties

Temri. It grows in the Caucasus, and is home to Tunisia. The plant is self-fertile, very productive, the fruits begin to ripen at the end of August, fruiting ends in November. The berries are sweet, ovoid, slightly ribbed in shape, covered with a burgundy-purple skin, weighing up to 75 g.

Date Neapolitan. Bears fruit in September once a season. The fruits are pear-shaped, have a medium size and good taste, the pulp is raspberry-colored, the skin is burgundy with a purple tint.

Pink fig tree

Fig variety Sabrucia rosea bears fruit without pollination, is a winter-hardy tree, withstands frosts down to -18 degrees, gives two harvests per season. The first is called winter, because an ovary forms in the fall and, with good shelter, is perfectly preserved until the spring heat. In July, these fruits ripen. And at the very beginning of June, in place of a new increase, a second crop is formed, the fruits of which ripen in September.

Large berries with a diameter of 5 to 6 cm and a length of up to 10 cm are pear-shaped and have an excellent taste. The skin is grayish-pink and the flesh is strawberry-colored. Fully ripe fig fruit is sweet and aromatic. The tree should be grown in trenches and covered with insulation for the winter to get the July harvest. For an autumn harvest, it is enough to spud the base with soil, pull off and wrap the tree with material.The berries harvested after drying have a rich aroma and very sweet, and the peels picked after yellowing have less aromatic and moderate sweetness, but they are stored longer.

Fig: description and reviews

Varieties that are relatively resistant to frost include:

• Sochi 7. Good yield, fruit weight reaches 50 g, berries have a pleasant slightly sour taste.
• Nikitsky. The plant is partially self-fertile, mid-season, the fruits are sweet-sour, large.
• Dalmatian. One of the best table varieties (described above).

Most of the problems arise when growing figs in the winter. The main task is to preserve trees and prevent them from freezing, therefore amateur gardeners most often share their experience in preparing frost-resistant varieties of figs for winter. In their reviews, they recommend:

• plant a plant in places protected from the wind, and form it correctly;
• before the onset of the winter period, the ground in the root part of the plant should be dry, and the roots themselves should be moist;
• make the shelter breathable so that fungal diseases do not appear, and during thaws there was ventilation.

Conclusion

According to archaeological data, figs are one of the first crops that people began to cultivate for human consumption. This happened a thousand years earlier than domesticated cereal plants appeared. Surprisingly, the Pink Fig variety is a tomato. The name was not chosen by chance. Tomatoes are very similar in appearance and taste to figs. In our country, fig trees are grown in the Crimea, Krasnodar Territory. In warm climates, fig trees are easy to grow, and where the weather is cool, crops are harvested in greenhouses or at home on window sills, using only self-fertile varieties.

Figs are one of the oldest fruit crops grown by humans. Its fruit, called fig trees, wine berries, or figs, is used in the food industry in many countries. To date, more than 1000 varieties of this plant are known. They differ in size, color, taste of fruits, ripening times, and the number of harvests per year. Some varieties of the fig tree need pollination. There are hybrids that are bred exclusively for the cultivation of dried fruits; fresh fruits are not used.

Before purchasing seedlings of this culture, it is necessary to study the description of the fig variety, to make sure that the climatic features of the area where it will be grown are suitable for it. An important factor in choosing will be the goal of growing a fig tree, since there are varieties used for processing and those whose fruits are eaten raw.

Any variety is suitable for drying. In some species of this plant, the fruits ripen first at the top, and then closer to the base of the seed.

A seedling grown from seed will begin to bear fruit in 7-10 years. The grafted trees bear fruit in 3-4 years. You can distinguish between grafted figs and those grown from seed by the root system of the plant. So, in seedlings grown from seed, the root system is weak, and the trunk and branches are rather thin. The grafted individuals have a thick trunk at the base and a strong root system.

The most common varieties of figs are:

Crimean black	Kalimirna	Commune
Dalmatian	Sochi - 4	Kadota
Braunschweig	Corderia	Smirnensky
Abkhazian purple	July	Violet
Randino	Early gray

For many centuries, the fig tree was considered a symbol of prosperity, peace and eternal life. More than a thousand varieties of this culture are known. They differ in the taste of fruits, their shape and yield, characteristics of frost and drought resistance, requirements for agricultural technology. Consider those varieties of figs that are most popular among amateur gardeners.

Fig White Adriatic - small, but daring

White Adriatic is considered self-fertile and does not require additional pollination.

This variety is common in many countries. It gained popularity thanks to the Nikitsky Garden, which from the 30s to 60s was intensively engaged in its cultivation. He also distributed seedlings and transferred them to various scientific institutions. It is also known as Sochi. Well suited for outdoor cultivation with advanced technology.

White Adriatic is considered self-fertile and does not require additional pollination, but if it is available, the quality and quantity of fruits increases. Fruiting - 2 times a year. Fruits are small, up to 60g, oval in shape with a flat top. The pulp is pink, very sweet, the skin of the fruit is yellow-green.

Fig video

A feature of this variety is considered resistance to gray rot, good preservation for a long time, and all this is due to the thick skin.

Dalmatian - the best variety for dining purposes

Dalmatian or Turkish white variety. It is one of the best early maturing table varieties. Refers to self-fertile, bears fruit 2 times per season. Its peculiarity is that at the first harvest the fruits reach a very large size - up to 180g. Trees give a rich harvest after three years.

The plant can withstand temperatures ranging from 0 to -15 C. Therefore, Dalmatian figs can be called frost-resistant. The fruits are pear-shaped, the skin is gray-green, the flesh is reddish, juicy, sweet with a slight sourness. In terms of taste, it is considered the best.

Did you know that among all dried fruits, the first place in fiber content belongs to figs? Therefore, it is recommended for use to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, this unique fruit contains a lot of potassium, which is beneficial for the heart. And the rich enzyme composition allows you to normalize the functioning of the liver, stomach and kidneys. In terms of iron and calcium content, this amazing fig is also significantly superior to other fruits and is recommended for nutrition in case of iron deficiency anemia and for patients during the recovery period after operations and injuries.

The plant can withstand temperatures ranging from 0 to -15 C

Fig Kadota is good for blanks

This self-pollinated variety has gained particular popularity in California. Later it spread to many countries around the world. Refers to self-fertile and early-fertile varieties. The fruits reach a weight of 60g. The shape of the fruit is pear-shaped, slightly rounded, light green in color. The pulp of the fruit is bright pink, juicy, sweet. The variety is excellently transported over long distances.

The fruits tend to dry right on the tree, good for jam, jam and drying.

Did you know that regular consumption of figs paralyzes the multiplication of cancer cells and promotes retinal regeneration? But it is not recommended to use it for diabetics, patients with metabolic disorders and obesity, because the fruit has a high sugar content.

Crimean black - unpretentious and high-yielding

Scientists of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden distinguish the variety among other samples for its European origin. Refers to early and self-fertile varieties. Crimean black figs yield twice a year. In tree care, it is recommended to pay special attention to pruning and crown formation. The variety responds well to this procedure and gives a high yield annually.

In tree care, it is recommended to pay special attention to pruning and crown formation.

The ripening time is extended. The first harvest is a round, medium-sized fig. The second harvest is characterized by smaller black fruits with a purple tint. The taste of the fruit is sour, which makes the variety unique and in demand. Great for making jam and drying. It is the Crimean Black that is perfect for planting in open ground cover structures.

Fig Brunsvik - the most frost-resistant

This variety is also called Chapla or Buzoy Burnu.Refers to self-fertile. The first crop produces few fruits. But they are large, reaching two hundred grams. The second harvest pleases with a large number of smaller figs. The fruits are light green in color with a crimson core. The variety has established itself with excellent taste and frost resistance up to - 28 ° С.

Video about Crimean black figs

Sometimes in markets and fruit shops you may be offered to buy royal figs. As such, there is no variety in the register. Most often, this is the name for large-sized fruits with a dark blue or purple color of the peel. Such a name is not a certificate of the variety, but an indicator of quality.

Figs are one of the oldest fruit crops on Earth, and in our latitudes it is more often found in winter gardens or grown as a houseplant. Many gardeners are stopped by the fact that the tree needs winter shelter, as it does not tolerate frost. But, having studied the descriptions and choosing for yourself the optimal frost-resistant varieties of figs, taking care of the correct agricultural technology and protecting the plant from the cold, you will forever remain a fan of this culture.

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