Good apple varieties

Those varieties of apple trees that were popular with our grandparents are gradually becoming a thing of the past. Nowadays you rarely see in the gardens Grushovka Moskovskaya, Korobovka, Aport, Borovinka, Kitaika Zolotaya early, and even Antonovka is gradually losing ground. Despite the pleasant taste and other advantages, these varieties are in many ways inferior to those that have been bred over the past few years.

Varieties with which it's time to say goodbye

New varieties of apple trees with improved characteristics of yield, winter hardiness and resistance to the most common diseases appear in the State Register every year. Some of the currently popular varieties of apple trees are distinguished by absolute immunity to scab, others are valued for their excellent keeping quality and shelf life, while others attract with their beautiful appearance and wonderful dessert taste.

It is not at all necessary to plant in your garden exclusively seedlings of those varieties that have proven themselves well twenty or thirty years ago. Try to replace them with new varieties that domestic gardeners have already fallen in love with. It is unlikely that this choice will disappoint you!

Video about apple varieties

How to deal with various diseases of apple trees from year to year, worry about how the trees will survive the winter, and unsuccessfully try to increase the yield, isn't it better to get rid of old varieties? Let's figure out which apple trees you can refuse without regret.

For example, in an old variety Cinnamon striped the apples, although tasty, are not very attractive in appearance, and the yields are not high enough. And apple varieties Autumn striped grow too large, start bearing fruit late and are poorly drought tolerant. Instead of these varieties, it is better to plant the Orlovskoe striped variety with mouth-watering tasty apples and good yield, or Cinnamon new - a variety that starts bearing early, productive and is immune to scab.

Canadian Quinti is not winter-hardy and scab resistant

Quinty and Folding - summer varieties of apple trees, which are also not very suitable for cultivation. Canadian Quinti is not winter-hardy and scab resistant, Papirovka does not bear fruit every year, besides, apples are very sour, becoming tasteless when overripe, and do not tolerate transportation well.Gardeners preferred Canadian Melba with delicious fruits to these varieties. And the new varieties Early Aloe and Orlinka are not only high-yielding and fast-growing, but in addition surpass Melba in winter hardiness.

From winter-hardy varieties, you can say goodbye to North synap, giving not particularly tasty fruits, with Pepin with saffron, prone to frequent scab damage, as well as with a variety Memory of Michurin, from which it is difficult to wait for a good harvest. Antonovka ordinary with all its positive qualities, it disappoints gardeners with irregular fruiting, short shelf life of apples and the manifestation of "sunburn" on the fruits during storage. Antonovka has no analogues in terms of fruit taste, but its yield and ripening times can be replaced by such varieties as Legenda, Cinnamon new, Brusnichnoe, Marat Busurin.

Apple variety "Antonovka ordinary"

The best apple varieties bred in recent years

Through the efforts of breeders, genes for apple tree resistance to the most dangerous diseases and genes for dwarfism were identified - something that was missing in the old varieties of apple trees. So, now in the world there are more than 150 varieties that are immune to scab, which means that they do not require treatment with fungicides.

Among the new varieties of apple trees, the following are distinguished by the best characteristics: Liberty, Golden Resistant, Baritone, Enterprise, Ligol, Krasa Sverdlovsk, Lovely Red, Green Blues, Askolda, Williams Pride, Champion, Capital Red, Radogost, Bullfinch. Most of the listed varieties have already become widespread abroad, but in our country they are only gaining popularity.

Video about early summer varieties of apple trees

We present to your attention a brief description of apple varieties that have already earned the love of Russian gardeners:

• The apple variety Medunitsa has become a real find for those who like sweet apples with a honey flavor. Their taste is most pronounced immediately after removal from the branch; fruits can be stored in the refrigerator until January. Fruiting of apple trees begins already in the fourth year, the yields are plentiful, regular, but with age they become periodic. The Medunitsa variety is immune to rot and scab.
• The Legend apple variety has a sweet, candy taste. Fairly large conical fruits of dark red color have an attractive presentation and the same size. With proper care, the productivity of apple trees is very high, fruiting is annual. Winter hardiness and disease resistance are about the same as that of the best traditional varieties.
• Summer variety Mantet is valued for its early maturity, winter hardiness and good (albeit periodic) yield. Apples begin to ripen from the end of July, they are recommended to be consumed within a month. The pulp of the fruit is very juicy, aromatic, tender, sweetish with sourness. The Mantet variety is unstable to powdery mildew, but it is resistant to scab.
• Until March, the fruits of the Orlik variety, a winter variety of apple trees that ripen by mid-September, can be stored (you can see the photo in the tab to the article). The yellow fruits, covered with a solid red blush, have a harmonious sweet-sour dessert taste and a bright aroma. The winter hardiness of apple trees is sufficient, the resistance to scab is average.

Apple variety "Orlik"

• The late winter apple variety Bogatyr is famous for its high yields. Its large fruits with a pink blush are very aromatic and tasty - their sweetness is successfully complemented by a slight sourness. Fruiting begins in the fifth year after planting.

Particularly noteworthy are the varieties of apple trees included in the State Register that are absolutely resistant to scab: Solnyshko, Imrus, Bolotovskoe, Jubilee of Moscow, Orlovskoe Polesye, Freshness, Kandil Orlovsky, Start, Zdorov'e, Rozhdestvenskoe.

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A favorite fruit tree wherever the climate is suitable for growing it is the apple tree. Early, middle, late, sweet, sour, with a spreading crown and columnar, apple trees rank first among fruit crops.

Apples on the branches of a tree

Moderate watering and climate are sufficient for apple trees, without a lot of bright sunny days. They are unpretentious in care. In cultivated form, fruiting begins in the 4th - 10th year and yields are formed up to 40-50 years of age. Apples are loved by every family and are needed for a long period. How to select the best of the best, what features to pay attention to when choosing varieties?

How to choose an apple tree for your garden?

In order to select an apple tree for your garden that is suitable in all respects, you need to study the varieties bred for the region / district and pay attention to the following characteristic features.

Winter hardiness of the variety

The ability to withstand the most severe frosts, typical for the area, and successfully withstand spring return frosts, autumn sudden drop in temperature and other weather disasters. The winter hardiness of the variety in apple trees is not brought up. Cold resistance is passed on from parents at the genetic level. Therefore, regardless of the region, you always need to buy zoned apple varieties for planting. They are bred for certain climatic conditions, are less affected by pests and less infected with diseases.

The onset of fruiting and yield

For the home, it is better to buy early varieties of apple trees that form the first harvest in the 2nd - 4th year. Medium-fruited crops form in the 5th - 8th year and late-fruited ones - in the 9th - 10th - 12th year.

Productivity. It is advisable to select varieties of apple trees with annual fruiting.

Ripening period of apples

For a personal plot, it is necessary to select varieties with early, middle and late ripening so that summer varieties are replaced by autumn ones, and those by winter ones.

Summer varieties of apple trees are harvested in late July and early August, depending on the region. They reach biological ripeness for mass consumption of fruits, but they must be immediately used for food.

Mid-season apples are harvested in technical ripeness in September. When choosing varieties, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that some autumn varieties need to ripen after harvest in order to acquire their characteristic taste and aroma.

Late apples are usually harvested in late September - early October. In addition to late and mid-late, there are late-ripening varieties that are harvested at the end of October or before the onset of frost. Such varieties are immediately laid for storage. Their fruits reach their maximum ripeness gradually.

Apple tree of autumn variety

Keeping apples

From varieties of apple trees of different ripening periods, varieties with good keeping quality should be selected according to the variety catalog. At the same time, pay attention to the fact that summer varieties have a shelf life of 1-3 weeks, but some lose quality indicators after 6 days (darken, rot, etc.). In autumn varieties, good keeping quality is considered to be 30-60 days, and in winter varieties at least 3-4 months. The best winter varieties of apples can be stored (if appropriate conditions are created), retaining all qualities, until the end of March - May and even until the next harvest.

Disease resistance of apple trees

You should choose a variety of apple trees with high resistance to diseases, especially to fungal (scab, rot and others) and pests. For "high-immune" varieties, fewer treatments will be required, which will reduce the time and care costs in the future and will allow you to get harvests of ecologically healthy fruits.

Crown shape

For a private garden with a small area, it is more practical to choose a variety of apple trees with a small or medium, compact crown habit. Particularly advantageous in this case are columnar varieties that form a crop on the central trunk and do not have a crown in the conventional sense.A spreading, loose crown will be good in a resting corner, where it creates the necessary shade for vacationers, but in the garden it will occupy a large area and oppress other cultures.

Taste is not in the last place

When choosing a variety of apple trees, be sure to pay attention to the quality indicators of the fruits: sweet, sour, juicy, with dense or loose pulp. Sweet varieties contain sugars from 10% or more.

For example: Start and Bolotovskoe 10.5%, Kandil Orlovsky 10.3%, and Rozhdestvenskoe 11.1%. The fruits of these varieties contain up to 0.4% free acid.

Pay attention in the characteristics of varieties to such an indicator as the sugar-acid coefficient. With an indicator of 25% and above, apples are sweet (acidity is not felt in the aftertaste). At lower rates (10-20%) - the taste of the fruit is sour, like lemon. From 20 to 25%, the taste is felt as sweet and sour, sweet and sour with a different aftertaste.

Here are the ten best apple varieties for the middle lane.

For a list of the best apple varieties for the middle lane, see the next page.

Among the many varieties of apple trees, the gardener will find a fruit tree that meets the needs of an amateur or professional in its characteristics. Breeding work on the breeding of new clones and adaptation of the known ones are carried out in all countries of the Northern Hemisphere. The result is trees with new protective genes and other changes in the structure and fruiting of the apple tree. Let's try to present well-known and diverse varieties of apple trees with photos.

Classification of varieties by traits

In order to determine which seedling your garden needs, you need to know the features of the area. This concept includes:

• what frosts are typical for the area in winter, and how long they last;
• whether there is a prolonged warming with a sharp cold snap in the middle of winter;
• how deep the layer with groundwater lies in the area where the garden grows;
• when stable warm weather sets in;
• how many days the period of positive temperatures lasts during the growing season.

These inputs are used to choose an apple variety for long-term cultivation, and also to choose the taste of the fruit and the storage time.

When laying a garden from any fruit plants, you need to select zoned varieties - recommended for cultivation in this region.

First of all, it is necessary to select varieties that are suitable for winter hardiness. Those apple trees that develop well in central Russia are unsuitable for Eastern Siberia. If at a tender age they can be preserved, then subsequently the apple tree will suffer annually from freezing. You cannot raise a tree. Frost resistance is transmitted genetically during the formation of a variety

Apple tree Ranetka

An example of such a tree, which is a small-fruited apple tree, is Ranetka. The ranetka apple tree was obtained by crossing a Siberian small-fruited apple tree with a Chinese one. The apples are small, weighing up to 12 grams, but with a rich taste and smell. Apples do not cause allergies and are included in baby food. They are good in compotes and jam "with legs".

The trees are tall, winter-hardy and give a harvest every year. They do not get scab and are undemanding to the conditions of detention. On the basis of crossing with other varieties, the apple trees Dobrynya, Kitayka Saninskaya, and Purple ranetka were bred.

A sprig of ranetki on a large-fruited apple tree will be a useful and exotic addition.

Spartak variety

The winter-hardy large-fruited variety Spartak is recommended by the State Register for use in the Middle Urals and Eastern Siberia. This variety is popular in areas where apples were recently imported. The variety was bred at the Samara experimental station by the breeder S.P. Kedrin. Grafted on a Chinese tree or Zhigulevskaya forest apple, Spartak saplings begin to bear fruit even before they are planted in a permanent place. In the photo there is an apple tree Spartak on the described rootstock, ready for planting.

The tree quickly awakens from hibernation and begins an accelerated vegetation.The crop is harvested in early September, but within a month they are gaining taste in the laying place. Apples 90-130 g, there are also large specimens at the beginning of fruiting. The fruits are harvested when they become red-striped. When cultivating, it should be taken into account that the variety is moderately resistant to scab, therefore, preventive treatments during the growing season are required. The branches of a young tree are directed at an acute angle, so a persistent deflection of the skeletal branches to a horizontal position is required, otherwise a break in the future under the weight of the fruit is inevitable.

Apple tree Imant

The Imant apple tree will not grow in Siberia, but frost resistance allows it to be cultivated in the climate of the Moscow region. A variety of Belarusian selection, obtained by crossing Anthea and Liberty with the introduction of a gene against scab. You can grow an apple tree on a seed stock and on a clone. In this case, the standard tree begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting. This variety is suitable for industrial use in the Moscow region.

The Imant apple tree is genetically protected from scab, is not very susceptible to stem diseases, cracking and cancer. On a trunk at the age of five, the apple tree gives up to 25 kg of leveled fruits. The apples are large, weighing up to 200 grams. The main color is green, but a superficial red color covers the entire fruit. The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour. Preservation of fruits at low temperatures until June.

Apple-tree Column-shaped Medoc

Apple-tree Coloniform Medoc is an autumn variety. The amber apples stuck to the tree are fabulously beautiful. They seem to glow from the honey that has saturated them. The variety is autumn, harvesting is carried out in early September, apples are not stored for long, only a month, but excellent blanks are obtained from them. Apple trees are demanding on fertility, and depending on nutrition, fruits can weigh from 100 to 250 grams.

A tree with a column up to two meters high and no more than 25 centimeters in diameter. With a compact planting, each columnar-shaped apple tree Medoc tree gives up to 10 kg of amber fruits. The tree is early-growing, can yield in the first year after planting. The planting is thickened, 60 cm between the stems and a meter between the rows. The variety tolerates frost at 40 0, but for guaranteed safety it is better to keep a winter shelter. Pests rarely attack Medoc, leaving is easier.

Apple trees for the middle lane

For regionalization in warmer climatic conditions, there are much more varieties of Russian selection, American, French, Baltic. Among them there are species with average winter hardiness, which easily tolerate frosts of 20-30 degrees, tall and medium-sized trees. Therefore, we will present these types of apple trees according to the degree of their early maturity. It is essential to get the harvest 5 or 9 years after the scion. The time to harvest depends on the seed stock or the cultivar grafted onto the clone.

Low-growing compact stems are represented by apple varieties with a photo:

• winter - Sun, Orlovskoe striped;
• mid-season Champion;
• early variety Elena.

In one garden, varieties of different ripening periods are usually cultivated, allowing to have healing fruits throughout the year. Summer varieties are used within a month after harvest, winter varieties, under appropriate conditions, are stored until mid-summer.

Apple-tree Elena

So, the Elena apple tree belongs to the summer varieties. The variety of Belarusian selection was accepted for breeding in 2001 and for this region it is a winter-hardy crop with apple flavor on a five-point scale of 4.8 - a very good indicator. Trees of medium height, on dwarf rootstocks bear fruit in the second or third year. The apple tree is scab resistant. The ovary on the Elena apple tree is abundant, thinning is required so as not to overload the tree. In the conditions of Belarus, apples ripen at the end of July.

Apple Champion

The middle variety is the Champion Apple tree. The apple tree of Czech selection and rapidly spread throughout the European part in the forest-steppes of Ukraine. Even in Ukraine, the variety needs to be insulated for the winter.

The tree is not tall, the annual growth is small.Resistance to diseases and pests is average, high to scab. The variety is fast-growing and requires the presence of a pollinator for good fruiting. Fruiting is annual, abundant. Lined apples, 190 grams each, are harvested in September. The harvest is stored for more than six months. The taste of red fruits is sweet and sour.

Apple-tree Orlovskoe striped

The winter variety is the Orlovskoe striped apple tree. The variety was bred and entered the register as recommended for industrial use in 1986. For central Russia, the Oryol region, the winter hardiness of the variety is good. The variety is considered elite in terms of yield and taste of fruits. The only drawback is that apples have thin skin and special care is required when harvesting and transporting. The variety is resistant to scab and begins to bear fruit in 3-4 years.

Apple tree Sun

The winter apple tree Solnyshko received a residence permit in the gardens of central Russia in 2001. But the winter hardiness of the variety is excellent. Freezing the branches at 40 0 ​​did not have any consequences. Suitable for growing on dwarf rootstocks and itself has a short stature. A fast growing variety suitable for industrial gardens. The Sun apple tree is immune to scab at the genetic level. The fruits ripen in the second half of September and are stored until the New Year.

Apple tree Streyfling

Tall varieties are the oldest and have long established themselves as reliable. They serve as mother material for breeding new varieties of apple trees. Among them, it is impossible to pass by the Baltic apple variety Streifling. A huge tree 8 meters high and with the same spreading crown from a distance resembles an inverted cauldron. The tree is widespread in the middle zone with low winter temperatures. Apples are large up to 200 grams. The apple tree loves moisture and does not tolerate drought. Apples are harvested in September, stored for 2-3 months. Fruits are fastened well and, with a delay in harvesting, they do not crumble, but they are stored worse. The winter hardiness of the Streyfling apple tree is average, but sufficient for its habitat. The apple tree does not bear fruit every year.

Apple tree Idared

The representative of the American variety is the Idared apple tree. The winter variety is grown in the south of our country and in Ukraine. The variety is intended for export deliveries for the commercial quality of the fruit. Filmed in September, they retain their commercial qualities for six months. The tree is not resistant to scab disease.

Apple-tree Belfer-Chinese

Apple-tree Belfer-Kitayka is a pre-war variety of Michurinsk breeding. A tall variety with late autumn apples of excellent taste gave rise to many varieties of domestic selection. Fruiting of this apple tree begins in the eighth or ninth year. The apple tree requires protection from pests and scab, has a low winter hardiness in the Michurinsky region.

Apple-tree Borovinka

The Borovinka apple variety belongs to the old varieties of early ripening. This is a relatively early fruiting variety. But his apples are not large, only 90 grams, the taste is average, the shelf life is only one month. In addition, the fruits and leaves of the apple tree of this variety are strongly affected by scab.

Apple tree Gloucester

The Gloucester apple tree can grow on a dwarf rootstock or be a large, spreading tree. A seedling on a seedling rootstock is characterized by long development until the first harvest. Therefore, maturity can be accelerated artificially:

• crown formation with bending of branches to a horizontal position;
• the use of special drugs that inhibit the summer growth of branches;
• with the exception of the nitrogen component from top dressing.

On a semi-dwarf rootstock, the apple tree begins to bear fruit in the fourth year. The fruits are large, up to 200 grams. The taste of apples is high, slightly sour. They can be stored for up to 4 months and are not injured during transportation.

Apple tree Kovalenkovskoe

The large-fruited Kovalenkovskoe apple tree was bred by a breeder of Belarus. The variety is medium-sized and fast-growing. On a dwarf rootstock, it develops into an adult tree in the third year. The fruits of the summer ripening period, the first harvest is removed by the Apple Savior.Apples acquire their taste after a two-week rest after harvesting. Fruits do not crumble, ripening is stretched. The variety is assigned to the Central Region of Russia and is distributed in the homeland of creation.

Apple tree Jonathan

Apple tree Jonathan refers to an American guest on our continent. In the conditions of Russia, this apple variety is grown only in the North Caucasus. Fruiting on medium rootstocks after 5 years. The apple tree gives fruits annually and the maximum yield from one apple tree is 490 kg. The apple tree is scab resistant and is often sick with powdery mildew. The fruits have excellent dessert taste and long shelf life. The well-known apple variety Idared is bred on the basis of Jonathan.

Apple tree Florina

The French guest, the apple-tree Florina, took her place in the steppes and forest-steppes. Winter variety, sweet apples. Medium-sized tree with a rounded crown. The height of the tree is up to 5 meters. The tree blooms for a long time and has time to perfectly pollinate. Therefore, fruit set is good. Harvested in October. Apples store well and only get sweeter over time. The variety is resistant to scab and bacterial diseases.

Apple Royalty

But apple trees are valued not only as fruit trees. The line of decorative trees is also represented by well-remembered trees. These species include the Royal, Nedzvetsky, Kitayka apple trees and more than 190 varieties of ornamental trees. The royal dwarf apple tree will adorn any composition. It is compared in bloom to sakura. These decorative apple trees are a decoration of the landscape. The victorious flowering lasts two weeks, but then the bush with cherry leaves is decorative. The fruits of the Royalty apple tree are inedible.

In this collection, we tried to present a little information on the apple world. But this is a small fraction of knowledge about this amazing tree of life.

Apple varieties at their summer cottage - video

The apple tree is one of the favorite fruit trees of Russian gardeners. It must be grown on the site, if only the space permits. Since the selection is constantly developing, the cultivation of new varieties is now possible not only in areas with the most suitable climate for gardening, but also in the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East. Accordingly, the apple tree must be chosen based on the characteristics of the climate and the possible vagaries of the weather in a certain area.

What apple trees and where to grow

The climate of Russia is very diverse. These are both warm southern regions, which are almost ideal for gardening, and areas to which the definition of "risky farming zone" is quite suitable. In no case should you forget about this when choosing an apple tree for your personal plot, otherwise the money and time for caring for it will be wasted.

In outskirts of Moscow

The climate in the Moscow region is rather unstable; winters can be both quite warm and very cold. Therefore, it is better to choose varieties of apple trees that are resistant to such temperature fluctuations, and in order to be on the safe side, it is imperative to build a shelter or otherwise protect them from quite possible frosts. At the same time, statistics show that winters in the Moscow region are gradually becoming warmer, and most of the precipitation occurs in summer. For gardening, this climate is quite favorable.

Zhigulevskoe

The achievement of Soviet breeders is Zhigulevskoe, a variety of late apples that ripen during September. The specific period is influenced by the weather in summer. The fruits will have to be picked 3-4 times, they ripen in "waves". It is popular due to its high yield (provided that there are pollinating varieties) and presentability of fruits weighing 180–250 g. Smooth glossy shiny burgundy skin. The pulp does not differ in juiciness. Taste qualities are rated by professionals at 3.8 points out of five. Fresh apples have a shelf life of 6–8 weeks.

The tree reaches a height of 5.5–6 m. The crown is wide, slightly thickened. It practically forms itself; from the gardener, only sanitary and growth-inhibiting pruning is required.

Zhigulevskoe has average winter hardiness.If the temperature in winter drops below -30 ° C, old shoots may freeze slightly. Young shoots are less sensitive to frost. The rootstock of cold-resistant varieties - Brusnichnoe, Anis can solve this problem. A significant drawback is the lack of immunity to scab.

Apple tree Zhigulevskoe is a vigorous tree that needs annual pruning

Grushovka Moscow

A popular summer variety. The first apples ripen somewhere in the middle of August, fruiting lasts 2-3 weeks. The taste of apples is sweet and sour, refreshing, the pulp has an amazing aroma. But this only applies to fresh apples. They will lie for a maximum of a month, then they will almost lose their taste, the pulp will become "cottony". The peel of apples is yellowish, with a pinkish "blush". Each fruit weighs approximately 80 g.

The height of an adult apple tree is more than 6 m, the crown is very thickened. In young trees, it resembles a pyramid, over time it becomes more spreading, gradually turning into an almost regular ball.

The Moscow pear tree needs a lot of space in the garden

Delight

A variety of apples, the ripening of which stretches from mid-summer to the end of September. The first fruits are removed while still green, then the skin acquires a rich dark red hue. The aroma of freshly picked apples is reminiscent of raspberries. The variety is self-infertile, pollinators are President, Orlik, Bogatyr.

The tree grows up to 3–3.5 m. The spherical crown stretches as it matures, gradually turning into an oval one. The first harvest can be counted on 4–5 years after planting; an adult apple tree consistently bears 85–100 kg of fruits.

Delight almost never gets sick with scab, even if the summer is very rainy, it tolerates frost well. The apple tree needs to be pruned regularly, otherwise shrinking of the fruit is observed.

If you do not take care of the Delight apple tree, the fruits quickly become smaller

Strifel or Streyfling

Also, this Baltic variety is known as Autumn striped. Strifel differs from the rest of the apple trees in size - up to 8 m in height with a crown diameter of 7–10 m. It does not differ in early maturity - the first harvest is removed 7–8 years after planting the seedling. The variety is self-infertile, as pollinators are suitable for Welsey, Papirovka, Antonovka.

The tree is sensitive to drought and requires regular watering. Winter hardiness - within -25 ° C. At lower temperatures, the tips of young branches may freeze. The yield is simply amazing - 320–350 kg per apple tree. But she alternates such successful seasons with lean ones. About once every 4–5 years, you don't have to wait for apples.

An apple weighs 100 g or a little more. They are round in shape, the ribs are easily felt. They are very juicy. The skin is yellowish-green, with stripes gradually changing from pinkish to crimson. The taste is harmonious, sweet and sour; notes of clove are often caught in the aroma. The fruits do not differ in keeping quality, the maximum shelf life is a month.

Strifel is one of the most popular Baltic varieties

Lungwort

An "old well-deserved" variety of apples ripening at the very end of summer. Inherited from parents excellent cold resistance and almost absolute immunity to scab. Begins to bear fruit in 4–5 years after planting the seedling. Until about the 15th year of the tree's life, harvests are annual and abundant, then successful seasons in this regard alternate with unsuccessful ones.

The apple in the form of a flattened ball weighs 120–150 g, the flesh is sweet. The skin is yellowish-cream, with a purple spot that occupies almost half of its surface. The shelf life is 20-30 days.

The lungwort is resistant to scab and all types of rot. It can be grown even where underground waters come very close to the surface, which is, in principle, not typical for apple trees.

The lungwort, unlike other apple trees and fruit trees in general, can grow and bear fruit where groundwater comes very close to the surface.

Orlinka

Summer apples, valued for their excellent taste, as well as their immunity to scab and cold resistance down to -30 ° C. Professionals give taste a score of 4.3-4.5 points out of five.Presentability is also all right - apples of medium size (150-200 g), uniform. They seem to be slightly flattened, the ribs are almost not felt. The skin is glossy, yellowish cream, with bright crimson blush spots. Under it there are many large dots of salad color. The pulp is crispy and firm.

Fruits ripen en masse in mid-August, do not differ in keeping quality (shelf life is only 15–20 days). You can count on about 200 kg per apple tree. Some specimens can hang on it until the end of September, but this is not good for the taste, the flesh becomes almost transparent, watery.

You should not hesitate in picking Orlink's apples, the quality of the fruits is sharply deteriorating

Candy

Early ripening variety of apples (3-4th year after planting). The abundance of fruiting cannot boast (50–90 kg), but the taste of apples is beyond praise. It will be possible to save them for 3-4 weeks, no more.

They ripen at the junction of July and August. The apple weighs 120–150 g. The pulp is sweet, the taste has a slight hint of honey. The skin is golden, with a peach blush.

The tree is of medium height - about 4.5 m. The crown is spherical, not spreading, densely leafy, requires regular pruning. Trees are often sick with scab. As we age, productive seasons alternate with periods of “rest”.

The taste of Candy apples fully justifies the name

Melba

A well-known Canadian apple variety, grown not only at home for over a century. Apple trees grow up to 4–5 m, the initially elongated crown then gradually changes its shape to a wide one. Fruits ripen closer to the 20th of August.

Apples weighing 160-200 g, slightly flattened. The green skin gradually changes its tone to yellowish and is covered with burgundy stripes of blush. Ripe apples can be distinguished by their whitish coating. Characterized by multiple subcutaneous dots of a pale salad color. The pulp is snow-white, melting in the mouth. The smell is honey-candy, the taste is sweet, with almost indistinguishable sourness. Ripe (not overripe) fruits will last until the end of autumn, harvested slightly unripe - until the New Year.

Apples tolerate transportation well. Melba often suffers from scab, as it ages, fruiting cycles are noted. It is a favorite material for breeders' experiments.

With Melba's participation, breeders have created more than 20 new varieties, including the first scab-resistant Prima

Pepin saffron

Winter apple variety by the famous IV Michurin, one of his best achievements. Partially self-fertile, but planting near Welsey, Antonovka, Slavyanka has a positive effect on yield. Fruiting every year, you can count on 250-280 kg of apples.

Then the fruit ripens for about 6-8 weeks and can be stored until March-April. Taste and presentability are not affected in any way. The apples are rather small, weighing 90–130 g. The skin is thick, greenish-yellow. The blush is bright, crimson. Multiple small specks are visible under the skin. The taste is harmonious, with subtle sourness. The stalk is very strong, ripe apples do not crumble even with sharp gusts of wind.

The apple tree needs to be pruned annually, otherwise the fruits become very shallow, and when individual shoots freeze, it quickly recovers. The variety is often infected with scab and various types of rot, for some reason the moth is especially fond of it.

Pepin saffron is deservedly considered one of the best achievements of I. V. Michurin

White filling

An early variety that every gardener has heard of. It is often confused with Papirovka. The apple tree grows up to 4.5–5 m, the crown is wide. At first it resembles a pyramid, then it looks more like a ball. Productivity - up to 180 kg from an adult tree, then decreases to 80-100 kg. Winter hardiness is very high.

Even ripe apples have a very pale skin, almost indistinguishable yellowish-green hue, hence the name. They appear translucent in the sun. Under it, brighter salad dots are clearly visible. As the tree ages, the apples gradually shrink from the original 120–140 g to 60–75 g.The fruits resemble a rounded cone with an obligatory "seam" on the side.

The pulp is tender, rather loose. If the fruit is not removed in time, it turns into a cotton candy, the characteristic sweet and sour taste changes to a mealy. The first wave of apples ripens in the 10th of August, the next - in about 3 weeks. They are stored for a maximum of 10-12 days.

Now apples White filling is grown more for nostalgic reasons, in order to feel the same "taste of childhood", the variety is not devoid of significant drawbacks

In the Urals

In the Urals, even apple trees specially bred for this region often do not survive. They are also almost regularly exposed to recurrent spring frosts, which occur during the flowering period. It is best to purchase those varieties that are bred in the Urals.

Bugler

Very common in the region. The height of the apple tree is 4.5–6 m, it is quite powerful, with a pyramidal crown. The variety is self-fertile, as any other apple tree with the same flowering time will do as a pollinator. The bugler is not afraid of colds down to -50 ° C, it is very rarely infected with scab.

The apples are medium-sized, weighing about 100 g. But fruiting is annual and abundant (about 200 kg). The fruit is uniform, a bit like eggs. The ribs are hardly palpable. The skin is light yellow, the blush is indistinct crimson strokes. The taste is wonderful - 4.4-4.5 points out of five. Fruits ripen towards the end of August, they are not stored for a long time (maximum 15–20 days).

Hornist is one of the most common apple varieties in the Urals.

Ural bulk

Late ripening apples. The culture is very undemanding to the quality of the soil. The leaves on this tree bloom before anyone else. It is not too high (up to 4 m), but with a very dense crown. Branches slightly sag with age. The first time a tree bears fruit is 2 years after planting. About 250 kg of fruit are removed from an adult apple tree.

And so small (55–75 g) fruits on old trees become smaller up to 35–40 g. The skin of ripe fruits is sunny yellow, with indistinct spots of pinkish blush. The pulp is yellowish cream. Light sourness is practically not felt.

If you plan to prepare compotes and juices, fruits are harvested in the first decade of September. Apples for food - in 15 days. The October ones are great for any preparations. Fresh will lie for 8-10 weeks.

Ural liquor - medium-sized, but very sweet apples

Silver Hoof

A popular summer variety of apples. Of all the Urals, it was he who received the greatest distribution in Russia. The tree is 3-4 m high, the crown is spherical, rather dense, but very compact. The variety is self-fertile, the best pollinator option is Anis Sverdlovsky. The apple tree is prone to scab and rot infestation, especially if the summer is rainy.

The weight of apples is determined by the quality of the substrate, ranging from 75–80 g to 110–125 g. Fruits are round, the skin is yellowish cream. Ripe apples are covered with a whitish coating. Blush is blurry, reddish. The pulp is firm.

Fruits ripen in the second half of August. Even perfectly ripe apples do not fall from the trees. After 10-15 days, they become similar to the White filling, acquiring a similar translucency. The shelf life of ripe apples is 4–6 weeks. The fruits tolerate transportation well.

Silverhoof apples are very shallow when grown in infertile soil

Beauty of Sverdlovsk

One of the most promising Ural varieties, which is of interest all over the world. Significant disadvantages are self-infertility and cold hardiness not always sufficient for the Urals within -30 ° C. The apple tree is medium-sized, up to 4 m. A characteristic feature is burgundy buds. The variety cannot boast of early maturity (6–7 years), but then the yield is excellent - 220–250 kg per tree.

Fruits weighing 170–250 g, slightly tapering towards the bottom. The pulp is fine-grained, crispy.

Fruits ripen in September. If long-term storage is planned, they are removed 7-10 days earlier. The peel of unripe apples is green, then it acquires a yellowish tint, the almost imperceptible aroma is enhanced.

The beauty of Sverdlovsk is a very promising variety, which is being looked at not only in Russia.

Screen

An autumn apple variety that is rapidly gaining popularity. It grows rapidly, reaching its maximum 3-4 m in several years. The crown is spreading, not too dense. Fruits ripen on the 10th of September. The variety is self-fertile, the first apples are harvested 4–5 years after planting.

The apples are small enough, weighing 70–95 g, slightly flattened. The skin is pale yellow with a whitish coating. Blush - pale pink blurry specks. The pulp is tender, with a pronounced aroma. The taste is rated 4.5 out of five. The fruits are low in vitamin C.

If you provide the apples with the right conditions, they can easily last until the end of winter. The screen rarely suffers from diseases, the only exception is scab.

When growing apples of the Ekranny variety, special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of scab

Amber

Autumn apple variety suitable for long storage. But for this they need to be filmed not in the 15th of September, but at the very end of August. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is wide, not thickened. The first harvest can be expected 7–8 years after planting. The variety is self-fertile.

Fruits are small, when grown on infertile soils - weighing 40-50 g, in more suitable soil they reach 70-75 g. The skin is bright, amber-yellow, there is no blush. The pulp is very dense and juicy, the taste is harmonious, sweet and sour.

Amber is a self-fertile apple tree; any variety blooming at the same time is suitable as a pollinator

In Siberia

For this region, not only high frost resistance is important, but also the height of the tree. The larger it is, the higher the likelihood that the apple tree will suffer from prolonged cold weather and piercing winds. It is also worth taking into account the short, not always warm summer.

Gornoaltaiskoe

"Semi-wild" summer variety of apples. The height of the tree is 3–3.5 m. The crown is very thick and wide (up to 6 m). The wood is loose, fragile, so skeletal branches often break. With an excess of precipitation, the fruits often crack.

The apple tree begins to bear fruit in the 4th-5th year. The apples are small, weighing up to 40 g, but the tree is literally dotted with them. The total yield is 35–40 kg from an adult apple tree. The tree has a lifespan of up to 45 years. The taste is rated at 4 points.

Fruits ripen at the very end of August. When left on a tree, they quickly overripe and acquire an unpleasant mealy taste.

The skeletal branches of the Gornoaltaiskoye apple tree often break

Altai souvenir

Autumn apples, suitable for long (3.5–4 months) storage. The tree grows up to 3 m, the crown is spherical, not thickened. The variety is immune to scab, often affected by moniliosis. Bears fruit annually.

Apples for Siberia are large, 95–125 g. The peel of apples is yellowish-white, with a crimson blush of their thin strokes and indistinct spots. The pulp is sweet and sour, crispy.

A significant drawback of the Altai Souvenir apple tree is susceptibility to moniliosis

Bayan

Self-fertile variety of winter apples, ripening in the 15th of September. Each weighs on average 100-120 g, the skin is golden, covered with longitudinal purple stripes and spots. The apples are almost spherical, with slightly pronounced ribs.

The height of the tree is up to 3.5 m, the crown is sparse. The variety is insensitive to drought, not affected by scab. Productivity - about 75 kg per apple tree, regular fruiting.

The fruits of Bayan's apple tree look very exotic due to the unusual shade of the skin.

Cherished

It is one of the most widespread varieties in Siberia. It is rarely attacked by diseases and pests. The tree grows up to 3 m or slightly less. The crown is spherical, sparse. Differs in early maturity - the first fruits are removed after 4 years.

The apples are small, weighing 55–70 g. The skin is pale salad, with a crimson blush. The pulp is dense, the characteristic smell is weak. In the sweet and sour taste, strawberry notes are guessed.Fruits ripen en masse in the 15th of September, under suitable conditions they do not spoil for 4–5 months.

Apple tree Cherished deservedly enjoys great popularity among Siberian gardeners

Darkie

A variety of summer apples grown mainly in Altai. They taper noticeably towards the base. Apples weigh no more than 45-50 g. The skin is golden, the blush is claret. The pulp is yellowish-creamy, with pinkish veins. Fruits ripen in the 15th of August, they are kept fresh for a month, no more.

The first harvest will have to wait 4–5 years, then annual fruiting. The dark-haired woman is extremely rarely affected by scab.

Apple-tree Smuglyanochka almost never suffers from scab

In Belarus

The climate in Belarus does not differ much from the conditions of the European part of the territory of Russia. But there they prefer varieties of their own selection:

• Darunak. It is appreciated for its immunity to scab, winter hardiness, fruit size (320-360 g), suitability for long-term (spring) storage. The skin is lettuce, almost entirely hidden by the raspberry blush.
• Imant. It is immune to scab, is frost-hardy, and bears a harvest every year. The fruit weighs about 200 g and tapers towards the bottom. The skin is deeply scarlet, with a purple tint. Stored until March-April.
• Syabryn. A variety of winter apples, which is valued for its immunity to scab, early maturity, stability and abundance of fruiting. The fruit weighs about 125–160 g. The skin is yellowish-white, the blush is indistinct crimson spots. Apples will last until February-March.
• Armor. The tree grows rather slowly. The apples are in the shape of an almost regular ball, weighing 225–250 g. The skin is slightly oily to the touch, with a bluish bloom. Color - salad with crimson blush. Flesh with a pronounced odor, crispy. Shelf life is until April.
• Elena. One of the new varieties of summer apples, characterized by cold resistance and abundant fruiting, not suffering from scab. Fruits weigh 130–160 g and ripen in September. Fruiting is stable. Lettuce peel with carmine blush. The shape is slightly flattened. Taste by professionals is estimated at 4.8 points.
• Kovalenkovskoe. Late-summer apples, trees are not very sensitive to drought. The fruits are very sweet, even unripe fruits are not sour. The greenish skin is almost invisible under the dark scarlet blush. On average, an apple weighs 125–170 g.
• Alesya. Winter apples. A distinctive feature of the variety is drought resistance. Apples weigh about 175-210 g, as if they are slightly flattened. The skin is golden, the blush is indistinct crimson spots. The pulp is rather loose.

Photo gallery: apple trees of the Belarusian selection

In Ukraine

The climate of Ukraine, especially its southern regions, is ideal for gardening. Almost any variety can be grown there, so the choice is mainly influenced by the size of the apples, their taste and visual appeal. The most popular are:

• Julia. Summer apples, you can save them for only 15–20 days. They weigh an average of 130-145 g. Salad skin is practically invisible under the pale scarlet blush. Has a genetically built immunity to scab and powdery mildew.
• Greenleaves. Autumn apples in the shape of an almost regular ball, shelf life 6-8 weeks. They weigh about 145-180 g. The skin is yellowish-green. The pulp is very firm and crispy. The taste is rated at 4.7 points. Differs in very high resistance to pathogenic fungi.
• Topaz. An excellent storage variety, stably and abundantly fruiting. The fruit will last until mid-spring. The average apple weight is 135–150 g. The main skin tone is almost invisible under the reddish-brown blush. Flesh with a pronounced aroma, crispy. Immune to scab, all types of rot, cancer, often suffers from powdery mildew.
• Modi. Elite apples, ripening in the last days of September, can be stored until mid-spring. The weight of a slightly flattened apple is 175–210 g. The salad skin is hidden under a rich burgundy blush. The professional assessment of taste is very high - 4.8 points.
• Williams Pride. Apples ripening in late July.The skin is greenish-silvery, with a rich scarlet blush. Fruiting is unstable. Genetically resistant to scab, powdery mildew.
• Fuji. Standing out in size (250-280 g) sweet apples, ripening in September. The high sugar content in the pulp is characteristic. The skin is yellowish, completely hidden by a blush in the form of stripes of different shades of pink, scarlet, burgundy. Often suffers from a bacterial burn, powdery mildew.
• Rubinola. Winter apples. The yield is not amazing, but stable. Fruit can stay in the refrigerator for up to six months. The fruit weighs an average of 160-190 g. The skin is yellowish, the blush, as the name suggests, is ruby.
• Florina. Winter French variety, distinguished by its early maturity. From an apple tree, 75–85 kg of fruit are obtained, each weighing 110–165 g on average. The skin is yellowish, the blush is deep scarlet. The presence of whitish spots under it is characteristic. The taste is bland, earned 4.1 points. Immune to scab, moniliosis, powdery mildew, extremely rarely affected by aphids.
• Red Jonaprince or Black Prince. Appreciated for the early maturity and size of apples (more than 250 g). Fruits ripen on the 15th of September. The skin is a deep burgundy color, it seems black from a distance. It perfectly tolerates transportation, can be stored for up to six months. The variety is self-fertile, good pollinators - Bradburn, Elstar.

Photo gallery: varieties grown in Ukraine

Triploid apple trees

They, in comparison with diploid ones, differ in a large number of chromosomes. Outwardly, this is expressed in the high height of the apple tree itself, stable annual fruiting. The apples themselves are smaller, the tree does not suffer from overload, but they are larger. At the moment, about a hundred such varieties are known, most of them were obtained by chance. None of them are used as pollinators.

• August. Ripens in the 15th of August. Not affected by scab. Fruits weighing 160-185 g, taper towards the bottom. The skin is yellowish, the blush is transparent scarlet.
• Bezhin meadow. It is valued for its abundance of fruiting, but is often affected by scab. The average weight of an apple is about 145–160 g. The skin is salad, the blush is dark crimson. The harvest is removed in early September, it is stored until the New Year.
• Grace. It stands out by the weight of the fruits (on average about 250 g), the tree for the triploid is not tall. The skin is salad green, blush in the form of vague crimson strokes. Apples ripen in the last days of September, in suitable conditions they will last until spring.
• Alexander Boyko. Winter grade. Fruits weigh on average 180–220 g. The yellowish skin is practically invisible under the orange-red blush. Differs in winter hardiness, stored until March.
• Zhilinskoe. Genetically resistant to scab. The apple tree is about 3.5 m high. The weight of the apple is 180–210 g. The skin looks like glossy, oily to the touch. Blush - wide longitudinal crimson stripes. Fruits ripen in early August.
• Patriot. Cold-resistant variety. The weight of the apple is 240–290 g. The skin is golden, the blush is vague, reddish. Fruits ripen on the 15th of September, they can be stored until February.
• Turgenevskoe. A winter variety that does not suffer from scab. Ripens towards the end of September. An apple weighs on average 180–220 g. The skin is oily to the touch, yellowish, intense blush, brick shade. Stored until March.

Photo gallery: triploid apple trees

Good and winter-hardy varieties of apples: names and descriptions

Winter-hardy apple trees are specially bred for cultivation in the Urals, Siberia, and other regions with a similar climate. Moreover, they are not only able to withstand prolonged cold weather and quickly recover if they do get damaged. They are insensitive to return spring frosts and temperature changes during thaws.

• Lingonberry. Self-infertile variety. Apples weighing 75–90 g. The skin is pale yellow, the blush is bright red, indistinct. The tree is up to 3 m high, the crown is spreading, the branches are drooping.
• Mantet. The tree is about 4 m high, the crown is sparse. The apples are elongated, with slightly pronounced ribs, weighing 110-140 g.The skin is yellow-green, covered with crimson strokes and dots. It ripens in early autumn and is stored for 15–20 days.
• July Chernenko. The tree is about 6 m high, the crown is wide. Apples weighing about 100 g, lettuce color with burgundy blush and gray wax bloom. Fruits ripen in waves, fall off when overripe.
• Early scarlet. The height of the tree is about 4 m. Apples weighing 60–75 g, asymmetrical. The greenish skin is almost completely hidden by a dark scarlet blush. Ripens in mid-August.
• Sunflower. Apple tree 3-4 m high, densely leafy crown, wide. The weight of a slightly flattened apple is 70–80 g, the skin is yellowish-white, the blush is raspberry. It ripens at the very beginning of autumn, it will not lie fresh for a long time (maximum 3 weeks).
• Auxis. The height of the apple tree is about 3.5 m, the crown is sparse. Apples weigh on average 145-175 g. The yellowish peel is practically invisible under the raspberry blush. Ripens in early autumn and is stored until the New Year.

Photo gallery: frost-resistant varieties

Undersized apple trees

Low-growing apple trees are a great option for those who need to save space in the garden. They are also much easier to care for and harvest, which is important for older gardeners. Columnar apple trees, which have recently become very popular, belong to this category.

• Moscow necklace. Winter variety of columnar apple tree. The height of the tree is about 2 m. The mass of an apple in the form of an almost regular ball varies from 120 to 250 g. The green skin is completely hidden by a maroon blush. Ripens at the end of September, is stored for 3.5-4 months. Frost resistant.
• Bratchud (Brother of the Wonderful). Winter apple variety, natural elite. The height of the tree is 1.5–2.5 m. The weight of the apple is about 150 g. The skin is yellow-green, the blush is transparent-scarlet. Ripens in early October, is stored at least until February.
• Legend. The height of the tree is about 2.5 m. The average weight of an apple is 220 g or more. The skin is deeply scarlet, covered with even darker strokes. Ripens in October and is stored for 10-12 weeks.
• Sun. It is immune to scab. The height of the apple tree is about 2 m. The weight of the apple is 160–200 g. The skin is yellowish, the blush is vague, crimson. It ripens in the 15th of September and is stored in February.

Photo gallery: dwarf trees

Popular varieties

Amateur gardeners have recently been increasingly planting varieties that had previously been successfully grown on an industrial scale. Their advantage is that all their advantages and disadvantages are well known.

• Liberty. It can be grown in the south and in central Russia. Immune to scab, but often suffers from powdery mildew. Brings 120-130 kg of fruit from an adult tree. Apple weight - 145–160 g. Salad skin, deep burgundy blush. It ripens in the 15th of September.
• Golden Resistant. Quite low cold resistance, often infected with scab and powdery mildew. Other apple trees are needed for pollination (Idared, Gloucester, Elstar). Brings 50-60 kg of fruit every year. The fruits weigh 145-170 g, the skin, as the name suggests, is golden. Ripens in late September. Annual pruning required.
• Baritone. It is rarely affected by most of the diseases typical for the culture, it tolerates transportation well. Apples weigh 180–220 g. The skin is maroon with a whitish bloom. Ripens in the last days of August, is stored for about 4 weeks.
• Enterprise. It rarely becomes infected with any disease. Self-sterile. Florina, Fuji, Elstar, Granny Smith are suitable for pollination. The fruits are barrel-shaped, weighing about 175–220 g. The skin is dark scarlet. Stored until March-April.
• Ligol. A variety of winter apples. Often suffers from fire blight. Needs pollinators (Idared, Macintosh, Champion, Lobo). Annual pruning required. It stands out for its fruit size (over 250 g). Fruits with a characteristic lateral seam. The skin is glossy, yellowish, the blush is deep scarlet. Shelf life - up to six months.
• Askold. A frost-resistant variety that does not suffer from scab. Very weak resistance to powdery mildew. Brings 60–70 kg per tree.The weight of the apple is 180–210 g. The bright yellow skin is almost completely hidden by the crimson blush. It ripens in the last days, is stored at least until February.
• Champion. The variety is partially self-fertile, as pollinators Idared, Gala, Pilot are suitable. Apples are uniform, weighing 185–230 g. The yellowish skin is practically invisible under the blush of longitudinal vague reddish stripes. It ripens in early October and is stored for about six months. Does not differ in frost resistance.

Photo gallery: new varieties of apple trees

Gardeners reviews

Choosing an apple tree to grow is not an easy task. It is very easy to get confused in the wide variety of achievements of breeders. Nowadays, large tasty apples can be cultivated almost throughout Russia, with the exception of areas with arctic and subarctic climates. It is necessary to take into account many factors, first of all - the climate in the growing region.

27 years old, higher education in law, broad outlook and interest in a variety of topics.