Columnar pear best varieties

Having planted a seedling in April or October, you can get the first harvest in a year. These trees are a real find for compact gardens, as they do not take up much space. The only drawback of all varieties of columnar pears is their short life.

Description of the columnar pear

Scientist M.V. Kachalkin created several dwarf varieties of garden pears, the name of the columnar has stuck among the people. Outwardly, these small trees are similar to columnar apple trees, this explains the name.

The columnar appearance is compact and high yielding. Such trees are of two types: grafted and seed. Can be grown in any way. The best stock for them is quince, if desired, you can use irgu.

These trees grow very small.

As you can see in the photo, columnar pears are several times lower than typical trees:

At the time of fruiting, they enter quickly. Already a year after planting, they begin to harvest. The fruits are large and have excellent taste. In terms of ripening, they are different, both summer and winter. From one tree, you can get from 3 to 8 kg of fruit.

You can plant them at a distance of a meter from each other. They are also widely used in landscape design due to their attractive appearance. When describing clone-shaped pears, it is especially worth noting their main advantage - these small plants are very compact and take up very little space on the site. Thanks to their small crown and small branches, these trees provide an opportunity for the gardener to carry out a compacted planting and, accordingly, collect a good harvest from 2-3 years after transplanting.

A huge advantage is also the fact that all trees take root very well and begin to bear fruit quickly enough, giving a good harvest, and the small growth of trees allows you to conveniently and quickly harvest fruits and makes it easier to care for the plant. The advantages of this variety of fruit trees include the presence of large fruits with good taste.

All varieties are winter-hardy and fairly resistant to various kinds of diseases. And also they are distinguished by a special acclimatization and absolute unpretentiousness to the soil of planting. The advantages of this variety of plants include a high yield, as well as the universal use of fruits.

The fruits of this tree are often cooked raw, and are used for all kinds of compotes, preserves, jams, marmalades, juices, and also as refined additions to desserts. There are practically no disadvantages of this type of plants, but still it is worth noting their not very long life period and, accordingly, a short fruiting period, about 10-15 years.This type of tree also requires constant care, which implies proper crown formation and regular pruning of side branches.

Description of columnar pears of varieties Decor, Honey and Saphira

The varieties differ from each other, both in terms of ripening of fruits, and in certain tastes and sizes.

All trees begin to bear fruit very quickly, and within one year after planting, they can give a good harvest.

Each variety has a certain period of fruiting. Therefore, by planting various types of this fruit tree in your garden, it will be possible to enjoy the sweet fruits, from summer to winter.

To get started, read the description of pears of the Decor, Sapphire and Honey varieties.

Pear columnar Decor - the tree is not tall, up to 1.9 - 2.2 m. It blooms in medium terms. The variety is self-fertile. Unpretentious to soil. Ripens at the end of August.

Look at the photo - this variety of columnar pear has large fruits up to 230 g, round-oval, green-dark yellow, without blush:

The pulp is white, juicy, very delicate and aromatic, juicy, sweet - it has a light pleasant rose aroma. Unpretentious to soils, characterized by increased winter hardiness, resistance to moniliosis and clasterosporium.

Gives the first harvest already in the 2-3rd year after planting. This variety is highly resistant to disease and winter cold.

Pear columnar Sapphire - a tree with an autumn ripening period. The fruits ripen in early September. The specified pear variety bears fruit already in the 3-4th year after the transplantation process. It has elongated pear-shaped fruits of a greenish-yellow color with small rusty specks and reddish. Pears grow large, weighing up to 200g. Sufficiently tolerant of scab and moderate frost resistance.

Columnar Honey Pear - a wonderful variety of huge sizes. Bred in 1964 by breeders R.D. Babina, A.F. Mileshko and V.A. Yakimov with the help of free pollination "Bere Bosk". Ripening period in autumn, falls on mid-late September. Fruits are short-pear-shaped with a tuberous surface and slightly ribbed shape. The average weight is 290-540 grams. When describing the columnar pears of the Medovaya variety, it is especially worth noting the taste of its fruits: their pulp is juicy, very sweet, has a slight sourness, and has an exceptionally pleasant taste. The color is greenish-yellow with rich maroon blush. The skin is dense, the tasting score is 4.73-4.92 points.

The variety has a fairly good transportability, under proper conditions it can be stored until February. The yield is much higher than that of other similar trees, reaching 80-110 kg per young tree. Fruiting occurs in 3-5 years. Winter hardiness was initially declared above average, shoots do not freeze at -25 degrees. Disease resistance is very high. Suitable for growing in the Moscow region and nearby regions of the Central strip. The fruits are used for fresh consumption, cooking jams, compotes, juices, jams and tinctures.

Columnar pears of Dalikor and Carmen varieties

Here you can see the photo and description of the columnar pears of the Dalikor and Carmen varieties.

Pear columnar Dalikor - winter variety: ripens in the first decade of October, stored until February, fruits are sweet and very large.

The French variety is characterized by a high yield, beautiful fruits with a pink blush. The pears are very large in size, reaching a weight of 500 grams, sweet in taste with soft creamy melting juicy pulp without granulation and astringency. Harvesting is carried out in the first decade of October, used fresh until February. fruits are not affected by diseases during storage.

G-5 - ripens in the summer-autumn period. Fruit weight is 150-200 g, yellowish color with characteristic rust, very sweet flesh. They easily endure winter and illness.

G-4 - an autumn variety that begins to bear fruit as early as the second year after planting. Ripen in the first half of September, have a yellowish color with a red blush on the sides. Fruit weight 230-280 g, can withstand temperatures up to -25 degrees.

G-3 - this is an early autumn type of pear, seemingly wide, but bumpy, oily rind, bright yellow color, weight up to 400 g, with very juicy pulp.

G-2 - this variety ripens in late autumn, also has bumpy fruits, greenish color with a slight rust on the sides. The pulp is very tender and sweet with a heady aroma. The weight of the fruit reaches a maximum of 200 g, it is absolutely calm about winter frosts and can tolerate any diseases.

Carmen Columnar Pear differs in pear-shaped burgundy fruits that ripen in summer. The special value of this variety is the rich burgundy color of the peel, which gives the fruit an unusual attractiveness. Each fruit grows to a weight of about 250-300g and has a very sweet pulp. Ripens at the end of August.

Varieties of columnar pears Sanremi, Pavlovskaya and Night-Vert

Sanremy Columnar Pear - tree of autumn ripening period. Suitable for any garden. Very large, round, yellow-green juicy pears. Ripening period: at the beginning of October. The variety is characterized by unpretentiousness to soils, increased winter hardiness, resistance to moniliosis and clasterosporiosis.

This one of the best varieties of columnar pears is very popular among gardeners for its incredible combination of color gamut on one plant. The variety is self-fertile. Fruits are large, up to 400 g, round-oval, green-yellow, without blush, apple-shaped. The pulp is white, juicy, very tender and aromatic, juicy, sweet.

The use of fruits is universal - both fresh and for the preparation of compotes, juices, jams, preserves.

Planting can be carried out at a distance of up to 1 m from each other, fruiting begins at the age of 3, bears fruit annually. As a result, we have an unforgettable taste and a very attractive appearance of the plant.

Columnar Pavlovskaya pear - autumn variety. The trees grow small and take up little space. They begin to bear fruit quickly, already in the 2nd year they begin to produce a crop. The fruits are large and have excellent taste. The skin is oily. The pulp is tasty, tender.

Planting is carried out according to the scheme: between trees - 50 cm, and between rows 1 m. It is widely used in landscape design due to its attractive appearance.

Knight Werth Columnar Pear is very similar to G-4, and also tolerates temperatures below zero, weighs about 200 g, begins to bear fruit in the second year after planting.

Growing a columnar pear: planting and care

It is best to plant annual seedlings that tolerate transplanting better. The optimal time for planting is mid-October in autumn and April in spring.

When planting columnar pears, it is very important to remember that the rhizome and soil should not be dry, and after transplanting, the seedlings require regular watering. The tree planting pattern can be dense. The most optimal distance between the holes is 40-50 cm. It is better to dig the planting holes in advance - 2 weeks in advance. The pit should be about 80 cm deep and 60 cm in diameter.

Before planting, a bucket of water is poured into the bottom of the pit and only then a seedling is placed in it. Its roots must be carefully straightened. Then the dug earth is covered in two steps, trampling each time. At the end, the ground around the trunk is watered.

The soil for planting seedlings is prepared in advance, enriching it with organic fertilizers. The amount of such fertilizers should be about 3-4 kg per pit. It is also necessary to properly prepare the planting pit. The pit is made small, so that the grafting site of the tree is above the ground, and the rhizome is placed inside the pit, so the size of the pit can be unlimited.Further, potash fertilizers or superphosphates are placed in the planting pit, without fail, which are mixed with the ground.

In the first year of planting, it is better to pluck out all the flowers. This will allow the tree to gain strength and take root well. In the second year of planting, you can leave 5-6 fruits. After that, every year the number of fruits on the tree is gradually increased. For each tree, the harvest load is very individual, and every year you should definitely pay attention to the size and number of fruits. If the fruits are sharply reduced in size compared to last year, then the tree is overloaded with harvest, and the harvest should be rationed for the next year.

Most often the pear is damaged by fruit gall midge. It leads to blackening of the shoots and drying of the ovary. Also, green aphids and white scab may appear on the plant. Leaves dry and fall off, and fruits can be damaged.

When growing columnar pears, the trees must be whitewashed annually with thick lime with the addition of dolomite flour.

Watch the video of caring for columnar pears to better understand how all agricultural techniques are performed:

It is recommended to plant plants around trees that repel pests: dill, tobacco, lemon balm, marigolds.

How to prune a columnar pear in spring

After planting, when further caring for columnar pears, pruning, regular feeding and preparation of trees for winter are very important activities.

The technology for pruning columnar pears is due to their characteristics. In order to maintain the shape of the crown and increase the yield, all side shoots should be completely removed.

The formation of the correct crown shape and the growth of the plant itself depend on pruning a tree. The peculiarity of pruning is the fact that the more we cut off, the more and stronger what remains after pruning grows. Before trimming a columnar pear, it is worth considering that the branch that is closer to the vertical than the underlying deflected branches grows stronger. Therefore, the main conductor is never cut off. With proper care, the top of the tree grows 10-15 cm annually, while another 2-3 lateral branches grow. If the conductor grows poorly, it must be severely trimmed to 2-3 buds.

Spring pruning requires a special attitude and is divided into several stages, distributed over the first years of the tree's life. So, in the first year, while the period of sap flow has not yet begun, you can trim the side branches into a couple of buds - this will allow you to get a couple of fairly strong annual shoots. The next year, when pruning columnar pears in the spring, of these two shoots, you can leave only the one that is more vertical, and the second one is again cut into a couple of buds. And in the third spring, a branch that bore fruit last season is cut, at the same time, we cut off all the remaining shoots as it was done earlier.

Correct pruning will allow in the future to get a fruit link with a fairly long-term functionality - from 3 to 5 years. After that, the link can be completely cut into the ring, thus exposing the tree trunk at the bottom of it.

The video of trimming columnar pears shows how this procedure is performed:

If the suburban area is miniature, the columnar pear will become a decorative ornament and will treat you with juicy fruits. The trees of M. V. Kachalkin's selection are dwarf trees resembling columnar apple trees. The familiar name stuck to the pear. Trees are propagated by grafting on winter-hardy rootstocks - quince and irgu. But you can grow a tree from seeds.

Description of the dwarf pear

A compact, low tree is appreciated for its good survival rate, quite simple care. A tree grown from a seedling begins to bear fruit in the second year. In the very first year, a columnar pear will give a harvest of up to 3 kg of large fruits. All varieties of dwarfs are winter hardiness and unpretentiousness to the soil.

Some trees grow up to 2.5 meters, most of the columns grow up to 1.5 meters, but are strewn with fruits. The pears seem to stick to the trunk. In fact, they are tied to small twigs. The crown is not formed.

Advantages:

• unpretentiousness;
• yield;
• resistance to adverse conditions;
• compactness;
• high productivity.

The tree requires regular pruning, abundant watering, feeding of an adult pear.

The tree will feel good in a cramped area, as long as the north wind does not make it shiver. The best planting material is ready-made seedlings of a columnar pear, purchased in the nursery.

The plant can be propagated by green cuttings. A seedling grown from seeds must be grafted, otherwise the wild will grow.

There are few varieties of dwarf pears, but they are diverse. Column-shaped pears of various ripening periods are offered from early summer, with a short shelf life, to winter ones, gaining flavor in maturation. The fruits are used fresh and in all preservation methods.

However, dwarfs don't live long. Fruiting can last 7-15 years. The duration of the trading period is influenced by the conditions of detention.

Conditions for planting and growing dwarf pears

Pear seedlings are planted in the spring, in a pit prepared in the fall. At the same time, since autumn, the land is filled only with organic fertilizers. The pit has a depth of 50 cm, the distance between trees is 1 - 1.5 m. A bucket of water is poured into the litter that has compacted during the winter. A pear is planted on the soaked mound, straightening the roots. Sprinkle with sand, ¼ consisting of granular superphosphate. Until the tree takes root, frequent watering is needed. The place of the scion is not buried in the ground.

There should be nutritious soil near the roots, and the sand is only a powder. Watering a young tree is needed systematically.

Such a simple planting of a columnar pear and caring for it makes the plant a favorite in many gardens of the Moscow region. If flowers appear in the year of planting, they must be completely removed so that all forces are directed to the development of the root system. Leave a few fruits for the next year. In the third year, the column will give a full harvest.

Columnar pruning is required annually. But the deeper the pruning, the more young growth appears. The golden mean is to shorten the lateral branches to the second bud. Loves a fruiting tree nitrogen organic and mineral fertilizers. Slurry and fresh chicken are good, but in the first half of summer.

Three times feeding with urea is a treat for a columnar pear. The first time is sprayed on young leaves. Foliar dressing is repeated two more times with an interval of 2 weeks.

If the pears begin to shrink, then the tree is overloaded with crops. For the next season, adjustments need to be made so as not to deplete the tree.

Preparation of a columnar pear for wintering is necessary, despite the declared winter hardiness of almost all varieties. The most resistant ones keep fruit buds from freezing at -250 C. But in the Moscow region the temperature is lower, and young trees are less winter-hardy.

Protection is created from dry materials at hand:

• spruce branches;
• straw;
• sawdust;
• non-woven geotextile.

Thorny spruce branches tied to the base will protect you from mice and hares. The best insulation will be a snowdrift.

The best varieties of pears in the Moscow region

Take a look at the photo of a columnar pear - an unusual ornamental plant is used in hedges and the design of country estates. Considering that ruddy liquid pears are pleasing to the eye from July to mid-September, it is difficult to refuse a compact garden. A competent selection of varieties will help create a pear conveyor.

Winter varieties include those that ripen from November to January and are stored almost all winter. These include the varieties Dalikor, Saphira G1, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva G3.

Pears harvested in August and early September are stored for about a month. They are sweet, dripping with juice. An example of such varieties are: Autumn Dream, Tenderness, Decor.In August, you can enjoy the G322 columnar pear. The variety is self-fertile, unpretentious. Fruits are yellow, sometimes ruddy sticks to the trunk completely. You can store the harvested crop for a week. The weight of one pear is about 200 grams. Grade G333 is already an autumn cultivar with outstanding palatability.

Starting from the beginning of June, you can taste the columnar Carmen pears, grade G5, Medovaya. The fruits reach 300 g and are very tasty. The honey pear, bred in 1964 by Soviet breeders, is striking. Fruits 290 - 540 g with juicy sweet pulp received a score of 4.92 points on a five-point scale. Winter hardiness is above average. Productivity up to 110 kg from one tree. Pear Honey is resistant to major diseases, and the fruits last until February. The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Moscow region.

Whatever varieties of columnar pears are considered for the Moscow region, their yield is much higher than a spreading large tree, taking into account the occupied area. But it is much easier to care for compact trees, to protect them from frost. The early fruiting of the dwarf pear evens out the lack of a tree's short life. You can quickly wait for the harvest from a young seedling, parting with the old tree.

For industrial orchards, the Carmen variety is ideal. One hectare accommodates up to two thousand plants. Dark red 300 gram fruits are sold out in great demand. A Decora pear has a yellow fruit with a rose scent. The variety is very resistant to major diseases, tolerates the climate of the Moscow region.

Miniature pear video

All summer residents want to see a variety of fruit trees in their garden area. But what to do when the territory is small and you need to distribute it as rationally as possible? In this case, columnar trees are an excellent solution.

Description and history of selection of columnar pears

Breeder Kachalkin bred columnar pears. The main differences from other types are:

• small size;
• great fruitfulness.

By the way, despite the fact that in all the descriptions it is a dwarf tree, its height in individual cases can reach 2 meters.

Columnar pears are of two types:

• natural (from seedlings);
• vaccinated.

The ideal base for grafting is quince, you can also experiment with irga. Basically, with proper care, these pears bloom around the second year after planting or grafting.

The trunk of a columnar pear is larger than that of the fruit trees we are used to. And branches with fruits are along the entire length of the trunk. Excess twigs are removed without difficulty.

Variety of columnar pears

Columnar pear varieties

Sapphire... The first fruit bears in 3 years. Fruit can be harvested in September. The peculiarities of the fruit are considered to be an elongated shape and a greenish-pink hue. Pears, as a rule, are large, the weight of one reaches 250 g. Sapphire does not like frost, so storage in the basement will not work for her. Cultivation in the suburbs is possible.

Sapphire pear variety

Carmen... The fruits ripen very quickly and are ready for harvesting in the summer. Ripe pears of bright burgundy color and very large, about 300 g. Sweet.

Pear Carmen

Tenderness... This variety belongs to the autumn. Fruit weight in the middle, up to 150g. Features: egg-shaped, deep green color. The pulp is juicy and tender, sourish on the palate.

Pear tenderness

G-2... The fruits ripen at the end of November. Fruits are of a standard pear-like shape and lumpy. The color is green-pink. Pears smell good and are sweet enough.

Decor... Fruiting in late summer, early autumn. The first pears can be obtained in the 2nd year after planting. The fruits are yellow, oval in shape.

Pear Variety Decor

D-4. The harvest is brought in 3 years. Autumn grade. Pears are deep yellow; in the sun they can get a pink tint.

Honey. The fruits ripen in summer, by mid-August. The fruits are yellow-green in color. One of the largest, the weight of one pear reaches 400 g.The taste is very sweet and juicy, the pulp with a pleasant light aroma.

The tree is easy to tolerate frost and unpretentious in the place of planting, it grows from almost any soil.

Honey pear fruit

G-3... The variety can be harvested in September-October. Fruits are of normal pear shape, but wide and lumpy. The skin is bright yellow, very juicy. Like honey, large - 400 g. The variety easily survives frosts.

Column-shaped pear G-3

Knight Werth. The first fruits can be obtained 2 years after planting. The pears are large and pink. It survives normally in frosts down to -20 degrees.

Night Werth Pear Tree

Pavlovskaya. Fruits appear in the 2nd year, in October. The fruits are large, sweet and juicy. The peel is thin, yellow-pink in color.

D-5. I ripen in August - September. Outwardly yellow, the weight reaches 250 g, the pulp is sweet and sour and juicy. Disease resistant and frost tolerant.

Sunremy. Fruiting in October-November. The main feature is the delicate and sweet taste of the fruit. They are fragrant and large, weighing more than 400 g. They do not require special care and survive the winters without difficulties.

Sunremy Pear Fruit

Favorite of Yakovlev. Fruits in September, sometimes in early October. Fruits are medium in size, about 200-250 years. Wide pear-shaped. The skin is thick and dense, the color is dull green with a tint of yellow. The pulp is sweet with a delicate quince aroma.

Pear Yakovlev's Favorite

Advantages and disadvantages

First, consider the advantages of planting columnar pears on the site.

• Small size. The trees are very compact and do not take up much space, even in the smallest garden.
• Early maturity... In the second year, after planting, you can get a full-fledged harvest, and not wait 4-5 years as in the case of an ordinary pear.
• Variety... There are many varieties. Their variety makes it possible to choose exactly the one that will take root and will bear fruit in each, separate region.
• Transportability of fruits. Due to its small size, all the fruits can be reached with your hands and harvest the entire crop, and not leave the crowns to be eaten by birds.
• Fertility.

Despite the list of pluses, columnar pears have their own minuses.

• Short lifespan... With normal care, such a tree can live up to 10 years.
• Care... It requires more care than a regular pear. You need to be careful about fertilizers and other organic matter.

Landing

Initially, before planting, it is necessary to properly prepare the soil. A large pit is pulled out, up to 80 cm deep and 0.5 m wide. 20 liters of water are poured into it. You have to wait until the liquid is completely absorbed. After that, we add a composition of: potassium sulfate, sand, superphosphate and humus.

We fill half of the hole with this mixture. We put a seedling and cover it with soil. Seal the tree well.

Trees can be planted at a distance of at least 50 cm.

Disembarkation takes place either in April-May, or in September-October. The seedlings require a lot of water immediately after planting. Therefore, you need to water 3-4 times a week. The first fertilization must be carried out even before the leaves appear, each other at an interval of 3 weeks.

The roots of columnar pears are, as a rule, close to the surface, do not forget about this when you work the soil around the tree.

Also, in addition to a seedling, a columnar pear can be obtained by grafting. This method also gives excellent results. The fruits become many times larger and much faster, but the vitality of the tree is spent twice as fast. If you take good care of the grafted tree, then flowering will be in a year, and the first fruits can be obtained in two.

Below we offer you to watch a short video, which says how to plant a columnar pear correctly:

Grooming and pruning

Unfortunately, proper care of seedlings requires both material and time costs. But in 2-3 years all expenses will be compensated by a good harvest.

Do not neglect pruning a columnar pear.If the trees are cut correctly, then in a year they grow by 10-12 cm. And in addition to growing upward, 3-4 new branches grow.

During the first year of pear growth, all the flowers that appear must be plucked out. This is what will enable the tree to take root well.

If in the second year you notice that the tree is well rooted and grows normally, then leave 4-5 fruits on it. Further, increase the number of fruits every year. Keep track of the size and number of fruits annually, because the fruit load for each variety and each individual tree is individual. For example, if last year there were more pears, then the tree is overloaded and the number of fruits needs to be normalized.

Growing a columnar pear in a garden plot

To obtain the expected yield, the trees must be fertilized regularly. It's important to do it at the right time. According to the rule, feeding takes place throughout the spring and summer. It is best to use chicken manure and slurry as fertilizer, urea or saltpeter is also suitable. The first feeding takes place in the spring, after the appearance of the first leaves, the second after a two-week pause, and the third, after 4 weeks, after the first.

Proper preparation for winter is a serious step. Of course, columnar pears are frost-resistant, but young seedlings require additional care. It is necessary to build a protection from scrap materials, make sure that it is dry and that a mouse or any other rodent does not get inside. You can leave needles inside or cover with straw.

Susceptibility to disease and pests

The main problem for the columnar pear is the fruit gall midge. When it appears, the shoots gradually darken, the ovary dries up and falls off. Umbrella and greenish aphids can also damage the tree. As a result of the appearance of a white scab, a white sediment begins to appear on the leaves. Then they dry up and fall off.

To protect the tree from pests and fungi, special chemical solutions are used, and tobacco, marigolds or ordinary dill are planted near the tree.

Reproduction

The best and easiest option to propagate a columnar pear is to plant ready-made seedlings. Also, it can be grown from seeds or by cuttings. Seeds are rarely used, since the method is time-consuming.

Green cuttings are required for grafting.

1. Initially, cuttings are cut. They must have more than five sheets.
2. For a couple of days, the cuttings are impregnated with a root-forming solution.
3. Sprinkle the stalk with soil.
4. If it has taken root, it will grow rapidly.

A very popular and easy method for propagating pears is grafting. Gardeners comment that the tree grows much better in this way than in other options. An ordinary pear can act as a stock.

All fruits of columnar pears are distinguished by their special taste and delicate aroma.... They can be stored for a long time, and the tree itself is not afraid of frost. Providing pears with the care they need will result in a good harvest. In addition to their practical properties, columnar pears can be an excellent addition to design, for example, serve as a hedge or an original decoration.

When forming a garden, it is important to choose the right varieties of fruit crops. With a small plot of land, it is difficult to grow large specimens. The works of breeders made it possible to breed columnar apple and pear trees, even peaches and plums of this format are found in garden centers.

This article will tell you about pillar trees - which cultivar to choose, how to plant such a tree on the site and take care of its health.

Description, origin

Thanks to M.V. Kachalkin, gardeners grow miniature fruit trees. The breeder endowed the columnar pear with low growth and productivity, frost resistance, and unpretentiousness. The taste qualities of the fruits of such a tree exceed expectations - the delicate honey pulp is rich in juice, and the aroma will amaze even experienced gardeners.

“Columnar pear is grown from seeds, with obligatory subsequent grafting on a frost-resistant stock - quince or irgu. If the seedling is not grafted, the wild will grow. "

The height of the tree does not exceed 1.5-2 m. The dwarf's stem is strong and well-developed. Lateral branches are located along the entire length of the trunk. After planting, the tree blooms in 1-2 years. If the crop is properly cared for, the first harvest will be 1-3 kg of fruit. The attractive appearance of the tree has found application in landscape design.

Dwarfs easily take root, are undemanding to the conditions of detention, and a variety of varieties allows you to choose a columnar pear for the Moscow region, Siberia, and southern regions.

Advantages and disadvantages

Consider the pros and cons of keeping a columnar tree on the site. The virtues of culture include:

• compact dimensions. The pear is so compact that it doesn't need much space. Such growth makes it easier to care for the crown and harvest;
• high resistance to adverse environmental factors. Columnar pear is winter-hardy, resistant to exhaust gases, dust;
• productivity. Hybrids yield 3-15 kg of fruit;
• unpretentiousness. Cultivars grow even on heavy soils with a low organic content. Caring for a columnar pear will not give a gardener a lot of trouble;
• disease resistance. Breeders have endowed the hybrids with immunity to scab and fungal diseases;
• decorative qualities. Landscape designers recommend planting columnar pear varieties to decorate a summer cottage;
• easy survival. An amazing tree easily tolerates the planting process and quickly starts to grow;
• assortment of varieties. Although the culture is still young, many hybrids have already been bred for cultivation in different regions - there are varieties for the Moscow region, the Leningrad region, Central Russia, the Urals, the North;
• early maturity. Having planted a crop, the first crop is harvested in the next season;
• different periods of ripening and storage of fruits. Plus for summer residents who dream of keeping their crops for a long time;
• large fragrant fruits. On short plants, one-dimensional fruits with excellent taste characteristics ripen.

The disadvantages of culture include a short life span, the description says that it is 10-15 years. Throughout the entire fruiting period, the tree requires constant care, including proper pruning, abundant irrigation and annual feeding.

Despite the short life cycle, the culture reviews are positive. This is due to the fact that a new specimen is easy to obtain by grafting or by grafting a shoot on a pear, quince, irga.

Popular varieties with a description

We bring to your attention the most popular varieties of columnar pears. The description of cultivars will help you choose the culture that is optimal for a particular region.

Sapphire

Sapphire forms trees 1.5-2 m high with a small number of side shoots. Average frost resistance, but when organizing warming for the winter, the variety can be cultivated in Central Russia. The seedling is actively developing, has a decorative appearance and compact dimensions. The cultivar is unpretentious, but it shows increased requirements for the soil - it is necessary to provide a sufficient amount of organic matter. Resistant to scab, fungi.

The fruits ripen by the first ten days of September for 3 years after planting. If harvested on time, the harvest is stored until the New Year. If you miss the harvest time, the fruit will quickly overripe and lose its characteristic taste.

The fruits of the columnar sapphire pear weigh 200-250 g. The shape is oblong, the skin color is yellow-green with small subcutaneous freckles, a delicate blush. The palatability is high, there is a pronounced aroma and a high content of juice.

Sapphire will need additional pollinators such as Honey.

Carmen

The Carmen hybrid is often found in industrial gardens. The columnar Carmen pear belongs to the early summer group of varieties.It is highly valued for the decorative qualities of the fruit. Attractive appearance, pear-shaped, dense burgundy skin color, high sugar content are the advantages of the hybrid. The average fruit weight is about 300 g.

Tenderness

Tenderness is characterized by growth up to 2.5 m and high productivity up to 10 kg per tree from the third year after planting. Fruit picking starts in September, keeping quality is 2 months. Fruits (pictured) are elongated pear-shaped with a yellow-green skin and a pronounced blush on the sunny side. Fruits from medium weight 200 g, to large - weighing 400 g. The pulp is juicy, aromatic, sweet. The variety is frost-resistant, unpretentious, highly productive.

G-2

G-2 is a late autumn columnar pear, the fruits of which ripen by the end of November. The skin is evenly tinted green with rusty freckles. Fruit weight 150-180 g. The pulp is tender, aromatic, sweet. The fruit is pear-shaped.

Decor

Decora fruits ripen by mid-August 2-3 years after planting. Fruits reach a weight of 250-400 g. Straw-colored skin with a greenish tint and a delicate red blush. The decor has a sour, juicy pulp with a delicate rose aroma. The shape of the fruit is from short pear-shaped to oval.

The advantages of the culture include high winter hardiness, the absence of a typical crown and large shoots. The stem is literally dotted with tiny fruit twigs.

G-1

Among winter varieties, the G-1 hybrid with high resistance to cold weather, diseases, scab is popular. The fruits are harvested in early November and ripen by the beginning of winter. The shape is pear-shaped with a bumpy yellow surface. Fruit weight up to 250 g. The pulp is melting, very juicy with a high sugar content.

G-4

Hybrid G-4 belongs to the early autumn group, ripening occurs in the first half of September. Fruiting in 2-3 years from planting. Deep yellow pears with pink tan. Weight up to 280 g. Resistant to cold weather, major diseases.

Honey

Column-shaped honey pear gives harvest by the end of summer. The fruits are large, weighing up to 400 g. The skin is greenish-yellow with a large number of subcutaneous freckles. The shape of the fruit is pear-shaped, ribbed, asymmetrical. The pulp is oily, very sweet and juicy with a delicate aroma. Productivity up to 15 kg. Due to its unpretentiousness, frost resistance, strong immunity, Honey is considered the best variety for beginners.

Severyanka

Severyanka is characterized by a rapid pace of development of seedlings. Fruits are small up to 100 g, yellow-green with pinkish veins. They start harvesting in the first decade of August. The shelf life of the crop is only 2 weeks. The pulp is very juicy, creamy, crunches pleasantly. The tree can be planted even in the Urals.

Autumn dream

Autumn dream is in many ways similar to Severyanka:

1. small yellow-green sour-sweet fruits weighing up to 80 g;
2. ripening by the end of summer;
3. the possibility of cultivation in Siberia, in the Urals;
4. juicy pulp with a semi-oily texture.

But the fruits of the Autumn Dream are mature, they are used for canning, making juices, jam.

G-3

G-3 ripens by the end of September. Fruits are broadly pear-shaped with a tuberous yellow surface. The skin is oily. The advantages of the hybrid include frost resistance, productivity, large fruits weighing up to 400 g, having excellent taste characteristics.

Pavlovskaya

Pavlovskaya is a popular high-yielding hybrid that bears fruit 2 years after transplanting. Fruits are large up to 250 g, juicy, aromatic, sweet. The skin is yellowish with a pronounced blush. Ripening by mid-September. Pear columnar Pavlovskaya is unpretentious, high-yielding.

G-5

Ripening of the fruit of the G-5 hybrid falls at the end of August or the beginning of September. Fruits weighing 200-250 g, pear-shaped, yellow with rusty patches. The taste is sweet and sour, the pulp is juicy. It is frost-resistant, resistant to scab and fungi.

Sunremy

The unpretentious Sanremi cultivar belongs to the late autumn group of varieties. Fruits are large, over 400 g, with tender juicy pulp.Keeping quality, pleasant aroma, beautiful yellow color are the advantages of the cultivar. Undemanding to care, winter-hardy.

Favorite of Yakovlev

Lyubimitsa Yakovlev is characterized by wide, lumpy pear-shaped fruits. Weight 200-250 g, dull green color. The pulp is juicy, sugary with a delicate quince aroma. Ripens by the end of September.

Dalikor

Dalikor is a winter hybrid that ripens by early October. The harvest is stored until early February and tastes great. The French hybrid is easy to care for, unpretentious, does not require pruning.

Dalikor is susceptible to scab, therefore, it needs mandatory spring processing and control of the moisture content of the substrate.

G-322

Summer hybrid G-322 ripens by August. It has yellow, ruddy fruits weighing 150-170 g with a juicy oily pulp. It is not recommended to store pears longer than 2 weeks.

Sculpture Products-333

Hybrid G-333 produces large yellow pear-shaped fruits with a bumpy surface. Taste characteristics at a height, bears fruit in the second year of the growing season. It is used in landscape design.

The best varieties of columnar pears for the Moscow region are Medovaya, Saphira, Tenderness. The Autumn Dream, Sanremi, Yakovlev's Favorite, Decor showed themselves well.

Planting instructions

Planting a columnar pear is easy. The following tips will help you organize the process correctly:

• choose seedlings at the age of 1 year with developed roots, flexible branches;
• make a purchase only in a specialized nursery;
• prepare in advance a hole 60-80 cm deep and 50 cm in diameter, the step between the seedlings is 40-50 cm;
• the presence of additional pollinators, both columnar and arboreal, is encouraged, since it allows increasing yields;
• in spring, planting is carried out before the activation of sap flow, in autumn they are planted in September so that the seedling has time to take root;
• Mix the earth extracted from the pit with a potassium-phosphorus complex, add 3-4 kg of organic matter, mix thoroughly;
• pour 2 buckets of water on the bottom of the hole, after absorbing the liquid, form a mound of the substrate;
  spread the roots of the seedling along the shaft, fill in the remaining soil so that the pear grafting site is above the soil level;
• compact the soil, water abundantly.

Remember that the fertilizer layer is separated from the roots of the seedling with fertile soil. It is unacceptable to pour fresh manure into the hole.

Care

Proper care of columnar pears of various varieties includes the following activities:

1. annual pruning of lateral shoots to the level of the second bud. The stem is not cut off;
2. the irrigation regime of young growth is more intensive than that of mature specimens. The roots should not be poured so that putrefactive processes do not develop;
3. removing flowers in the first year of the growing season contributes to the development of the root system;
4. in the first half of summer, organic feeding is made based on mullein or chicken. After the leaves have bloomed, a three-fold foliar feeding with a urea solution is performed with an interval of 2 weeks;
5. in order for a tree to bear fruit and bring a one-dimensional crop, it has to be rationed by removing excess greenfinches;
6. for the winter, they organize the shelter of the trunk with a covering material, and tie it with spruce branches on top. If little snow falls, winter hilling is carried out, raking up snowdrifts around the tree.

Although most cultivars have good immunity, you should not neglect the spring treatment with Bordeaux mixture and fungicides.

Growing a columnar dwarf tree with delicious aromatic fruits is definitely worth it. After all, planting and caring for this culture is simple.