Ganichkina the best varieties of tomatoes

Tomato - culture of the nightshade family. In Russia, tomatoes have been known since the 18th century, but they were not eaten then, considering them poisonous. Fruits and flowers were admired and used as an ornamental plant. Only from the middle of the 19th century, the tomato began to be grown in vegetable gardens as a vegetable crop.

Tomatoes by type of growth are:

- determinant (undersized), plant height is 30–80 cm in open ground and up to 1 m in protected. The main stem stops growing after the formation of 3-5 flower-fruited clusters. Such varieties are distinguished by early maturity, but by a short ability to form inflorescences. They are grown in the open field, or in low film greenhouses, or in film shelters in the open field;

- semi-determinant (medium-sized) plants grow to a height of 100–120 cm outdoors and 150 cm in sheltered areas. On the main stem, from 6–8 to 10 racemes are formed, after which it finishes its growth. Varieties with such growth are well suited for film greenhouses with a height of 2.0–2.2 m;

- indeterminate (tall) plants, in open ground, reach a height of about 2 m, in protected their growth is limited by the height of the greenhouse. For example, up to a height of 2.5 m, you can pinch the top earlier, at a height of 2 m.

IN tomatoes contains vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, B6, PP, K, carotene, protein, sugars, mineral salts, malic and citric acids.

Plants tomato in different periods of growth and development make different demands on external conditions. They can grow and bear fruit with long and even continuous daylight hours. A short day is only required for the seedlings to regrow.

The most favorable temperature for the growth, development and fruiting of tomatoes is 22–25 ° C during the day and 16–18 ° C at night.

The need for water tomato quite high, moisture is especially necessary for plants during the formation of buds and ovaries. However, this culture does not tolerate soils with closely located groundwater. It does not tolerate high air humidity and prolonged rainy weather at all. Too humid air creates conditions for plant disease with brown spot and late blight, complicates fertilization.

Tomatoes can be grown on various soils, but it is preferable to do it on light loamy or sandy loamy, well-heated, with a high content of organic matter.

At a young age, plants need fertilizing with phosphorus fertilizers. During the period of flowering and fruit formation, the need for nitrogen increases, during the period of increased fruit growth - for potassium. Lack of calcium leads to plant disease with apical fruit rot. To avoid this, it is necessary to liming the soil (to a slightly acidic reaction) - this procedure is carried out in the fall for digging.

On soils poor in organic matter, the tomato may lack magnesium. Microelements - boron, manganese and iron have a positive effect on the development and fruiting of plants.

Growing tomato in film greenhouses

Thanks to film and glazed greenhouses, even without heating, you can get a guaranteed and earlier harvest of ripe fruits. tomato.

To get the harvest tomato, it is imperative to build a greenhouse, plant high-quality seedlings and strictly observe agricultural technology.

Tomato - a very thermophilic plant, and for normal development and growth in a greenhouse, a temperature of at least 22–26 ° C during the day and 18–20 ° C at night is required. At temperatures of 30 ° C and above, the pollen becomes sterile, the flowers fall off and do not form fruit. The tomato can withstand short-term temperature drops of 1-3 ° C, but at such a low temperature, it is necessary to insulate the plants inside the greenhouse.

Tomato very picky about lighting. With its lack, the seedlings are strongly stretched, they become light green, internodes increase, the first brush is laid later. Such seedlings take root worse and are more exposed to fungal diseases. Also, in low light in the greenhouse, for example, with a thickened planting, shade from trees, the number of leaves between inflorescences increases, fruits are almost not set.

The future harvest of tomatoes strongly depends on the humidity of the air and soil.... It is very important to protect tomatoes from late blight, in some years it can completely destroy the crop. It is necessary to carry out preventive treatments without waiting for the first signs of the disease to appear.

When growing in greenhouses, you need to monitor the humidity of the air (at high humidity, the fruits do not set). The optimum humidity is 60–70%. In film greenhouses, it often rises to 80-90%, this air humidity also affects the pollination of flowers, where the pollen becomes sticky, does not fall on the pistil, because of this, the flowers crumble without setting fruit. Also in film greenhouses, where high air humidity often rises, especially at night, tomato plants grow like in the jungle, so watering is carried out only in the morning.

Growing tomato seedlings

Seedlings grown indoors. It is preferable to buy seedlings from firms with protected ground. Try to get healthy, sturdy, seasoned seedlings that already have buds in the flower cluster - such seedlings will yield a good harvest.

However, most gardeners prefer to grow their own seedlings, so the first step is to purchase the seeds of the varieties and hybrids you like. In order to get high, stable yields of tomato annually, it is advisable to first experiment, growing different varieties for several years, and then choose 3-4 varieties from the tested, favorite varieties, both for protected and for open ground.

If sowing too early, the seedlings outgrow, stretch, and then do not take root well. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately calculate the sowing time of the seeds.

The optimal age of seedlings for planting in protected ground is 50-60 days. This is the term for terminant tomatoes, and for indeterminate tomatoes we add about 5 days for germination and emergence. As a result, we get 65–70 days.

Next, we determine the landing time (it depends on the climatic conditions). The term for planting a tomato in an unheated film greenhouse is from about May 5th.

Knowing all the initial data, we calculate the exact time for sowing seeds. So, in central Russia (film greenhouse without heating), the seeds of indeterminate (high) hybrids must be sown from February 25-28 to March 10.

Before sowing, the seeds should be soaked in a nutrient solution:

1. In 1 liter of water, dilute 2 g of the growth stimulator "Bud";

2. dilute 1 teaspoon of liquid fertilizer "Agricola Vegeta" in 1 liter of water;

3. 20 drops of liquid stimulant "Energen" are diluted in 1 liter of water;

4. in 1 liter of water, dilute 1 tbsp. spoon "Effekton".

Seeds in tissue bags are soaked in one of the solutions (solution temperature not lower than 20 ° C) for 24 hours. Then a wet cloth bag with seeds is placed in a plastic bag and placed in a refrigerator (but not in a freezer) for hardening for 1-2 days. Chilled seeds are immediately sown into the soil. As a result, they give quick friendly shoots.

Soil mixtures for sowing seeds and growing seedlings. To prepare the soil mixture, take 1 part of peat, humus and sod land. Add 1 teaspoon of superphosphate, potassium sulfate, urea and 1 glass of wood ash to a bucket of the mixture. You can use "Exo" soil mixture - universal or specially for tomato. Soil mixtures of peat, humus and sod land must be heated in an oven at a temperature of 110–120 ° C for 20 minutes. To do this, the soil (always moistened) is poured onto a baking sheet with a layer of 3-5 cm.

It is advisable to take humus from a 3-5 year old heap, and sod land is harvested from a site where perennial grasses have grown for at least 5 years.

There are still several options for the soil mixture: 2 parts of peat and 1 part of sod land and river sand; 5 parts of humus, 3 parts of sod land and 1 part of old sawdust. You can take high-moor peat: add 2 tbsp for 1 bucket of these mixtures. tablespoons of dolomite flour or 1 glass of wood ash, as well as 1 teaspoon of urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate and Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant. The selected soil mixture is well mixed with fertilizers. This is done in advance, a week before sowing. The soil should be slightly damp. On the day of sowing, it is poured into boxes, boxes, leveled, slightly compacted. Then shallow grooves are made with a depth of 0.5–1 cm every 5–6 cm. The grooves are watered with warm (35–40 ° C) solution of the growth stimulator "Bud" (1 g of the preparation per 1 liter of water) or any other solution for soaking seeds. Seeds are laid out in grooves at a distance of 1.5–2 cm from each other, but not more often, sprinkled with soil mixture, do not watered on top.

Boxes with seeded seeds (called sowing on a school, that is, thickened) seeds are placed in a warm (air temperature not lower than 24 ° C and not higher than 25 ° C), bright place. In order for shoots to appear faster (after 5-6 days), film caps are put on the boxes.

Immediately after the appearance of the first shoots, the film is removed.

Tomato seedlings care. In the first 20 days after germination, the leaves grow slowly. In the next 15–20 days, growth becomes more noticeable. To prevent the seedlings from stretching, lighting should be sufficient, it is important to monitor the temperature and harden. For 7 days after germination, the temperature is maintained at 16-18 ° C during the day and 13-15 ° C at night. Then it is increased to 18–20 ° C during the day and to 15–16 ° C at night. This regime is observed until the second and third true leaves appear on the sprout. This usually happens 30–35 days after germination. During this time, the seedlings are watered and fed 3 times, which allows you to get strong seedlings even in low light periods (March).

The first time, if the soil is dry, water the seedlings that have appeared. The second time is watered in 1-2 weeks, combining watering with top dressing, in the phase of one true leaf. The last time it is watered 3 hours before the picking of the seedlings.

The water should be at room temperature (20 ° C) and must be settled or boiled. It is preferable to water young seedlings at the root so that water does not fall on the leaves and they do not rot.

The boxes or boxes must be turned daily with the other side to the window glass - this will prevent the seedlings from pulling to one side.

It is impossible to put boxes directly on the windowsill; it is better to use some kind of support so that air access to the root system is not limited. When the seedlings have 1 real leaf each, they make the first root feeding: in 1 liter of water, dilute 1 teaspoon of liquid fertilizer "Agricola Vegeta" and stimulator of root growth "Kornerost". This dressing enhances seedling development and strengthens the root system.

The second feeding is done when the third true leaf appears.: dilute 1 tbsp in 1 liter of water. spoon of the preparation "Effekton O". Watered with solutions very carefully so that the solution does not get on the leaves.

Seedlings with 2-3 true leaves dive into pots 10 x 10 or 12 x 12 cm in size. For this, the pots are filled with one of the soil mixtures recommended above and watered with a warm 22-24 ° C solution of the Energen growth stimulator: diluted in 5 liters of water 1 capsule. When picking seedlings, sick and weak plants are rejected.

If the seedlings are slightly elongated, then the stems, when diving into pots, can be buried in half, but not to the cotyledonous leaves.

After picking the seedlings into pots, the temperature is maintained at 20–22 ° C during the day and 16–18 ° C at night. As soon as the seedlings take root, the temperature is lowered to 18–20 ° C during the day and 15–16 ° C at night. Water the seedlings in pots once a week until the soil is completely wet. By the next watering, the soil should dry out a little, but at the same time it is necessary to ensure that there are no long breaks in watering.

12 days after the pick, the seedlings are fed: for 10 liters of water take 1 tbsp. spoon "Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant". Spend about 1 cup for 2 pots.

The second feeding is carried out after 10-12 days after the first feeding: dilute 1 tbsp for 10 liters of water. spoon of nitrophoska and 1 tbsp. tablespoons of Effekton O liquid organic fertilizer.

The third root dressing is carried out 10 days before planting the seedlings in a film greenhouse: for 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp. spoon of growth stimulator "Kornerost", nitrophoska, consumption of 1 glass of solution for 1 plant.

In April, the seedlings are hardened, that is, the window is opened both during the day and at night. On warm days (from 12 ° C and above), the seedlings are taken out onto the balcony and opened for 2-3 hours for 2-3 days, and then taken out for the whole day, even left overnight, but they must be covered with a film on top. If the temperature drops (below 8 ° C), the seedlings must be brought indoors. Well seasoned seedlings have a bluish purple hue. During the hardening period, the soil must be watered, otherwise the plants will wilt.

Seedlings should be 15–35 cm high, have 8–12 well-developed leaves and well-formed inflorescences (one or two).

Often, gardeners buy seedlings on the market that are grown without observing the rules of agricultural technology, that is, densely sown at a later date. The plants themselves will tell you this: they are pale green, with large internodes, thin, elongated and without flower buds. Such thin, loose, easily breaking seedlings always give a late and scanty harvest, as a rule, are affected by fungal diseases, especially late blight.

2-3 days before planting seedlings in a permanent place, it is recommended to cut off 2-3 lower true leaves. This is necessary to reduce the likelihood of disease, better ventilation, illumination, which, in turn, will contribute to the better development of the first flower cluster. Cut the leaves so that stumps remain 1.5–2 cm long, which will gradually dry out and fall off by themselves.

Planting seedlings in a greenhouse in a permanent place and caring for it

Grown seedlings planted in a greenhouse on May 1-15... During this period, it is still cool, especially at night, therefore it is recommended to put arcs inside and throw in a dense non-woven covering material after planting.

In order to avoid diseases, it is not recommended to plant tomatoes in the same greenhouse for several years in a row. Usually they are alternated with cucumbers, that is, cucumbers are grown one season, the second - tomatoes... But recently, cucumbers and tomatoes have begun to suffer from the same fungal disease - anthracnose (root rot). Therefore, if the tomatoes are still planned to be planted after the cucumbers, then all the soil in the greenhouse must first be replaced, or at least its top layer by 10-12 cm. After that, the soil must be sprinkled with a hot (100 ° C) solution of copper sulfate (1 tbsp. Spoon 10 liters of water).

It is not recommended to grow tomatoes and cucumbers in the same greenhouse., since tomatoes require frequent ventilation, lower humidity and air temperature than cucumbers. If there is only one greenhouse, then in the middle it is partitioned off with a film and cucumbers are grown on one side, and tomatoes on the other.

The greenhouse is installed on the site so that it is fully illuminated by the sun's rays from morning to evening, even a slight shading by trees or shrubs entails a decrease in yield.

The ridges are made 5-7 days before planting the seedlings, placing them along the greenhouse. The number of beds and their width (usually 60–90 cm, at least 60–70 cm pass between the beds) depend on the size of the greenhouse, they should not exceed 35–40 cm in height.

On a bed of loamy or clayey soil, add 1 bucket of peat, sawdust and humus per 1 m2. If the beds consist mainly of peat, then add 1 bucket of humus, sod land, sawdust or small shavings each. In addition, add 2 tbsp. tablespoons of superphosphate, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate and dig up everything. Before planting seedlings, the garden bed is watered with a solution of the root growth stimulator "Kornerost" (2-3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) at a temperature of 30-40 ° C at the rate of 1.0-1.5 liters per hole or with a growth stimulator "Energen" (2 capsules for 10 liters of water). You can prepare a solution of two growth stimulants: dilute 2 capsules of "Energena" and 2 tbsp for 10 liters of water. spoons of "Kornerosta", spending 1 liter in each hole and 2-3 liters per 1 m2 of the surface of the garden.

This solution will be most effective for the further growth and development of seedlings. 1 liter of solution is poured into the hole and the entire garden must be watered at the rate of 2-3 liters per 1 m2.

Non-sprouted seedlings 25-30 cm high are planted vertically, covered with soil mixture a little 8-10 cm higher.

Hybrids and varieties of tall tomatoes are planted in the middle of the garden in one row or staggered after 50-60 cm from each other. If the distance between plants is 80–90 cm instead of 50–60 cm at the norm, then with such a rare planting, the yield is reduced by almost half. In addition, a free plant in the garden branches strongly, gives many stepchildren, forms many flower brushes, and therefore the ripening of fruits is delayed. After planting, the plant is not watered for 12-15 days so that they do not stretch out. 10-12 days after planting, the tomato plants are tied to a wire stretched at a height of about 2 m along the rows marked for planting seedlings. It is installed before planting seedlings so as not to injure the plants.

3-4 days after planting, the plants are tied to the trellis with twine... Tied to the upper wire with a sliding loop with a small margin (this allows the tomatoes to be lowered, if necessary).

A twine is tied to the plant under a 1–2 m leaf in a free loop, without knots (you need to remember that then the stem will grow and thicken). Then the plant is carefully wrapped around the twine, being careful not to crush the leaves and inflorescences.

In the future, twist (in the same direction!) About once a week. At the same time, make sure that the twine is not pulled too tight.

Tomato formation

Indeterminate and semi-determinant hybrids are grown in 1 or 2 stems... When forming in 1 stem, all side stepchildren are removed, leaving only the main shoot. If in 2 stems, then one strongest stepson is left as the second.

It, like the main stem, is tied to a trellis, removing all lateral shoots (when forming in 2 stems, tomatoes are planted less often, since in the future two are obtained from one plant).

By cultivating determinant varieties in low film shelters, they are more often formed in 2 stems... If grown in high greenhouses, then they form medium-sized (determinant) tomatoes in one stem, when pinching, the upper strong stepson is left all the time, which later serves as a continuation escape. Then, from this stepson above, a stepson appears again, he is again a continuation for growth. It is twisted around the twine. Thus, the plant seems to grow upward due to the upper stepson. You need to carefully monitor the tomatoes, all the time leave a backup stepson at the top of the plant.

By the time the fruits are poured on the first brush, the lower leaves begin to turn yellow, they are periodically cut off. The lower leaves must be removed before the inflorescence, on which the fruits begin to ripen.

30-40 days before the end of cultivation, the main stem is pinched (otherwise the fruits in the upper part of the plant will not have time to ripen).

Side stepchildren remove 5-7 cm long - when outgrowing, they shade the plants and waste its strength.

It is better to remove stepsons in the morning, when they break off easily. In order to avoid infection with viral diseases, the stepsons do not cut off, but break off, directing them to the side so that the plant sap does not get on the fingers, since you can transfer the infection from a sick plant to a healthy one with your hands. The columns from the stepsons are left 2-3 cm high.

Care and feeding

Pollinate flowers during the day in warm sunny weather, slightly shaking the flower brushes. In order for the pollen to settle on the stigma of the pistil, it is necessary to spray the flowers with a fine spray of water immediately after shaking. Two hours after watering, the air humidity is reduced by opening the window and the door. Airing is mandatory, especially in the tomato flowering phase. In addition to the side vents, the upper vents should also be open so that there is no condensation (water drops) on the film. Waterlogged soil reduces the content of dry matter and sugar in tomato fruits, they become acidic and watery. Therefore, it is necessary to provide such watering, which will allow you to get a bountiful harvest of high-quality fruits.

Before flowering, plants are watered after 5-6 days at the rate of 8-10 liters per 1 m2, during flowering before fruit formation - 12-15 liters per 1 m2, moistening the soil to a depth of 18-22 cm. The water temperature should be 20-22 ° C.

In plastic greenhouses, watering should be carried out only in the morning and only with warm water (at least 20 ° C). Do this carefully, trying not to wet the leaves. Then the greenhouse must be ventilated. After about one day, as the top layer dries a little, shallow loosening so that a crust does not form. When watering in the evening, excess moisture is created, which contributes to the formation of condensation and the deposition of water droplets at night on plants, which is especially dangerous for them at low night temperatures.

During the growing season, it is necessary to make 4–5 root dressings.

First feeding spend 20 days after planting seedlings in a permanent place: in 10 liters of water, dilute 2 tbsp. spoons of organic fertilizers "Agricola Vegeta" and 1 tbsp. spoon nitrophoska 1 liter per plant.

Second feeding spend 10-12 days after the first: in 10 liters of water, dilute 2 tbsp. spoons of organic fertilizer "Effekton O", 1 tbsp. a spoonful of granular fertilizer "Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant", stir everything thoroughly, the consumption of the working solution is 5 liters per 1 m2.

Third feeding spend 15 days after the second: dilute 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. a spoonful of mineral fertilizer superphosphate and 2 tbsp. spoons of liquid fertilizer "Agricola Forward".

Fourth feeding do 12 days after the third: in 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp.spoon of superphosphate, potassium sulfate or 50 g of granular fertilizer "Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant", stir everything, solution consumption - 3-4 liters per 1 m2.

Fifth feeding (final) do 2 weeks after the fourth: in 10 liters of water, dilute 2 tbsp. tablespoons of Effekton O organic fertilizer, solution consumption - 5-6 liters per 1 m2.

During the growing season, foliar dressing is done:

1. With a solution of the preparation "Bud" before flowering and during flowering: 10 g per 10 liters of water.

2. With a solution of the drug "Lignohumate" when setting fruits: 3 tbsp. spoons for 10 liters of water.

3. With a solution of growth stimulant "Energen" during fruit setting: 1 capsule per 5 liters of water and repeat 2-3 times with an interval of 6-7 days.

4. With a solution of "Agricola Aqua" (from yellowing of leaves): 2 tbsp. spoons for 10 liters of water.

5. With a solution of "Agricola Vegeta" to accelerate the ripening of fruits: 3 tbsp. spoons for 10 liters of water.

When gardeners are very busy, they can replace liquid fertilizing with fertilizer "Agricola sticks". It is unique and long lasting. Plants assimilate nutrients within a month. The sticks contain a full range of trace elements. "Agricola sticks" not only feeds, but also counteracts the development of root rot, it is especially good to use these sticks if the tomatoes are planted after a cucumber (which often get sick with root rot). When inserting the sticks, see the instructions.

Often, when growing tomatoes in film, unheated greenhouses, plants are affected by fungal diseases, such as late blight, septoria, brown spot... But of the listed diseases late blight is dangerous (brown fruit rot or late fruit rot). Signs of late blight disease are brown spots on the upper side of the leaves and a whitish bloom on the lower, dark brown stripes on the stems and petioles, and oily concentric tomato spots on the fruits.

The increased development of this disease is facilitated by high air humidity (80–90%) and the presence of water droplets on the leaves with a large condensation on the film. Therefore, watering is recommended in the morning or before lunch. When watering, you need to be very careful, trying not to direct the stream of water to the plants; regular ventilation is necessary. In addition to agrotechnical methods of control, chemical methods can be used. To do this, you can use the drugs "Ridomil Gold MC", "Quadris".

When applying pesticides, you need to remember the waiting times (the period from processing to harvest) for each drug.

Growing tomatoes in the open field

Sowing and caring for seedlings

The seeds of tomato varieties intended for cultivation in the open field are sown directly into nutrient pots, that is, without picking. This is explained by the fact that usually for sowing seeds of open ground varieties and folk selection are used, which are not sufficiently resistant to viral diseases, especially to the tobacco mosaic virus. When transplanted into separate pots, seedlings often break off small roots, and infection can penetrate into the wounds of healthy plants.

Sowing seeds is carried out from March 25 to April 10 in cups or pots measuring 10 x 10 cm. They are filled with the soil mixture recommended above and watered with warm (35–40 ° C) solution of the growth stimulator "Kornerost": 2 tablets or 2 capsules are diluted in 10 liters of water. Then, in each cup in the center, two holes are made with a depth of 1 cm, 1 seed is placed in each and covered with a soil mixture. Such sowing without picking is carried out only for low-growing varieties for open ground in order to protect seedlings from viral diseases.

The seed pots are placed in a box, covered with a covering non-woven material, placed in a warm (22–25 ° C), bright place and carefully monitor the seedlings, which should appear in 5–7 days. As soon as the seedlings appear, the pots are rearranged one by one on a bright sunny windowsill with a temperature of 14-16 ° C during the day.When lowering the temperature (opening the vents and window frames for ventilation), it is necessary to ensure that the seedlings do not end up in a draft. This cool daytime setting will prevent the seedlings from pulling out and help better root development. Then the temperature is gradually increased: during the day - up to 18-22 ° C, and at night - up to 15-17 ° C. 5-6 days after the emergence of shoots, the weaker plant is removed from the pot, and the strong one is left.

Seedling care - an extremely crucial moment. Before planting on the garden bed, the seedlings grow for 50–55 days. Water it sparingly, at the beginning of growth, once a week, 0.5 cups per plant, and then if the soil dries up. When 3-5 true leaves are formed, 1 glass of water is consumed for each plant.

The seedlings are fed every 10–12 days.

First time - 12 days after germination - with a solution of liquid organic fertilizer "Agricola Vegeta" (1 tbsp. Spoon is diluted in 3 liters of water), spending 0.5 cups per plant.

Second time the plants are fed 10 days after the first feeding with the liquid growth stimulant "Energen": 5-6 drops are diluted in 3 liters of water, spending 0.5 cups of solution per plant.

Third feeding (last) spend a week before planting seedlings in open ground: in 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp. spoon of granulated "Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant" and liquid fertilizer "Effekton O". Stir everything well and water the seedlings until they are completely wet.

Necessary constantly harden seedlings at a low temperature... Starting in April, seedlings can be taken out on a balcony, veranda or left near open windows if the air temperature is at least 10 ° C. For three days, hardening is carried out in the shade, since it is necessary to gradually accustom the plant to full outdoor lighting. If the seedlings are exposed to the open air in sunny weather, burns may occur from direct sunlight. In the future, the seedlings are not shaded.

During hardening of seedlings keep the potting soil moist, and not dry, otherwise wilting and yellowing of the leaves is possible.

By the time of planting on beds in open ground, the plants should be strong, not elongated, with 9-12 leaves.

Planting seedlings in open ground in a permanent place

In the open field, a sunny place, protected from cold winds, is allocated for planting tomatoes. Unsuitable for tomatoes are low, damp areas with a close standing of groundwater, which create unfavorable conditions for the root system of plants.

The best predecessors for tomatoes are legumes, root vegetables, greens.

To avoid late blight infection, you cannot plant tomatoes after or next to potatoes.

Preferred soils are loamy with the addition of organic and mineral fertilizers.

Ridges for tomatoes are prepared 5-6 days before planting... Before digging up the soil, it must be treated with a hot (70–80 ° C) solution of copper sulfate or copper oxychloride. In 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp. a spoonful of this or that drug. Solution consumption - up to 1–1.5 l per 1 m2.

After that, organic and mineral fertilizers are poured onto clay and loamy soils - 3-4 kg of manure humus, peat and old sawdust, 1 tbsp. spoon of superphosphate, potassium sulfate and 1 glass of wood ash per 1 m2. Then the bed is dug to a depth of 25-30 cm, leveled and holes are made. Water them before planting seedlings with a solution of the root growth stimulator "Kornerost" (3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) at the rate of up to 1 liter per well.

Seedlings are planted in a permanent place in the first, second and third decades of May, early planting is carried out by gardeners if they live in a summer cottage and, in case of frost, can additionally cover the plants. Landing is carried out in cloudy weather in the morning, in sunny weather - in the afternoon.

At the time of planting, the seedlings must be fresh, even a slight wilting of the plants retards their growth, leads to partial dropping of the first flowers and the loss of an early harvest.

Seedlings are planted vertically, deepening the stem to 8-10 cm... Seedlings are planted in 2 rows. For medium-sized varieties with a height of 60–70 cm, the row spacing should be 50 cm wide, and the distance in rows between plants should be 40–45 cm, the distance in a row between plants should be 30 cm. plants, but the greatest effect is achieved when the plant is tied to arcs and to a stretched wire with the help of synthetic twine at a height of 1–1.2 m. As a result, the plant is better illuminated, ventilated and sick less. Until the plants take root, they are watered for 10 days after planting.

After planting the seedlings, the bed is covered with a transparent film and left until the onset of warm weather (until June 5-10). Then the film is not removed, but many holes with a diameter of 3-5 cm are made in it and left for the whole summer or the film along the length of the bed is twisted onto a rail and an open hole (window) up to 50 cm is left. You can lower the film at night. As a result, an early harvest is obtained, and the plants are relieved of late blight infection.

If slight frosts are expected at the beginning of summer, tomato plants need, in addition to plastic wrap, additional shelter, especially at night.

Formation of tomato plants

The plants are shaped so that they can give 4-5 fruit clusters... When the plants form into one stem, all lateral shoots (stepchildren) formed in the axil of each leaf are removed on the main stem, and 4–5 fruit clusters are left on the main shoot. A pinch is made over the last (upper) flower brush, leaving 2-3 leaves above it.

With a two-stem form, a stepson is left growing under the first flower brush... At the same time, 3 fruit brushes are left on the main stem and pinch the top, leaving 3 leaves, and 2 fruit brushes are left on the stepson and also pinch, leaving 2-3 leaves.

When forming a three-stemmed form, 2 fruit brushes are left on the main stem... On the two lower stepchildren, 2 fruit brushes are also left and pinched so that there are 2-3 leaves above the upper fruit brushes.

In pinched and pinched plants, nutrients go to the formation and filling of fruits, which is why their size increases and ripening occurs earlier. A formed bush should have at least 30–35 leaves and 4–5 fruit clusters.

To create better lighting conditions, the plants are tied to stakes or to a wire stretched along the rows. Stakes are placed on the north side at a distance of 7-10 cm from the stem. Plants are attached to the stakes in 3 steps: 1 - immediately after planting, tying the stems with a soft cord with a figure of eight near the first leaf; 2 and 3 - as it grows over the second and third hand.

Caring for tomatoes in the beds

The first root dressing is done after 3 weeks. after planting: dilute 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. spoon of liquid fertilizer "Universal Rossa" and 2 tbsp. spoons of the root growth stimulator "Kornerost", consumption of 0.5 liters of solution for each plant.

At the beginning of the blooming of the second flower brush, a second root dressing is carried out : dilute 1 tbsp in 10 liters of water. spoon "Agricola Vegeta", 1 tbsp. a spoonful of superphosphate and 1 teaspoon of potassium sulfate or 10 liters of water take 1 tbsp. spoon of liquid organic fertilizer "Effekton O" and "Agricola for tomato, pepper and eggplant", consumption - 1 liter of solution per plant.

The third root dressing is carried out during the blooming period of the third flower cluster: in 10 liters of water, dilute 1 tbsp. spoon of liquid organic fertilizer "Agricola Vegeta", nitrophoska, consumption - 5 liters per 1 m2.

The fourth feeding is carried out 12 days after the third: in 10 liters of water, dilute 2 tbsp. tablespoons of superphosphate (solution consumption - 5-6 liters per 1 m2).

Sometimes the composition of top dressing depends not only on the phase of plant development, but also on the weather: in cloudy weather, you can add 1 teaspoon to the potassium sulfate feeding, and in sunny weather, add 1 teaspoon of urea fertilizer.

Foliar dressing is carried out not only for slightly leafy and lagging plants, but also for healthy plants.

The best temperature for normal growth and fruiting of tomatoes is 20–25 ° C during the day and 18–20 ° C at night.

Plants are watered abundantly: in sunny weather after 6-7 days, in cloudy - after 7-8 days at the rate of 10-20 liters per 1 m2, depending on the air temperature. After watering, the bed is sprinkled with sifted peat or compost with a layer of 1–2 cm. This does not form a crust on top, moisture remains in the soil and evaporation does not occur, which is harmful to the plant, especially in the flowering phase. Excess moisture with a lack of heat leads to the death of the root system. Therefore, in wet rainy weather, they feed the Kornerost root growth stimulant: 3 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water, solution consumption - 3-4 liters per 1 m2. By doing this, we save the root system.

Harvesting and storage of crops

July and August are ripe and harvest time... In caring for tomatoes, the main thing is to accelerate the ripening of the set fruits and protect them from decay. It is necessary to continue to remove newly appearing stepchildren, excess leaves, pinch the tops of all fruiting bushes, remove flower brushes on which the fruits will no longer have time to form. In low-growing varieties, the fruits should be turned towards the sun. It is also not bad during this period (from August 15), in addition to all the basic dressings, additionally feed the tomatoes with the following solution: in 10 liters of water, dilute 1 teaspoon of urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate or 2 tbsp. tablespoons of nitrophoska, consume 0.5 liters of solution per plant.

The period from setting to reddening of fruits in early maturing varieties lasts 40-45 days... If overripe fruits are left on the plants, then the total yield decreases, and vice versa, if unripe (brown) fruits are regularly harvested, then the total yield increases slightly. Red fruits can be stored at a temperature of 5-10 ° C for 40-50 days, while the air humidity should be at least 80%.

Most it is advisable to remove all formed fruits from the brown bushes, that is, starting to blush, and lay them on maturity. This simple technique speeds up the filling of the green fruits remaining on the bush. Before laying for ripening, the fruits must be warmed up in order to protect them from blackening. This is done as follows: first, the tomatoes are dipped in hot water (60–65 ° C) for 2 minutes, then in cold water, then wiped with a soft cloth, then placed in small boxes in 2-3 layers, removing the stalks. Processing is carried out indoors at a temperature of 18–20 ° C. To speed up the ripening process, some red tomatoes are added to the boxes, which release ethylene gas during storage.

In the light, ripening tomatoes acquire a more intense color than in the dark. Place boxes on top of cabinets, walls.

Growing cherry tomatoes in film greenhouses

Miniature tomatoes are becoming more and more popular, as they are perfectly adapted for fresh consumption. And their taste, as a rule, is much higher than that of large-fruited varieties.

To the group cherry tomatoes include varieties and hybrids with fruits weighing 15-30 g... Although their fruits are very small, they are the sweetest, tastier than all the others. The sugar content in them is 2–3 times higher than that of ordinary varieties. Especially sweet hybrids of the series "Kishmish". It is enough to plant a C grade of plants, and the whole family will be provided with delicious fruits until autumn.

Every year, cherry tomatoes are becoming more and more popular and beloved among gardeners. Cherry is loved to be eaten fresh, as well as for preparing various salads and for canning; it is very beautiful when fruits of different colors are added to one jar.

The sweetest tomatoes: Honey Drop, Yellow Date, Red Kishmish.

Agrotechnology for growing cherry tomatoes does not differ from ordinary tomatoes., these fruits can be grown both in the open field and in greenhouses (film and glass), with and without heating.Almost all the best varieties and hybrids of cherry are indeterminate, that is, tall, but can be determinant (short), semi-determinant (medium-sized).

Most gardeners only have unheated plastic greenhouses. However, you can get a good harvest in them. cherry... For that in order to plant tomato seedlings in the greenhouse at the end of May, the seeds must be sown from April 5.

Their varieties can be grown both in greenhouses and in open ground under a temporary cover with a film.

The technology of growing and planting seedlings, planting schemes, plant care are almost the same with ordinary large-fruited tomatoes... Indeterminate varieties are formed in 1–2 stems, determinant ones are better to lead in 2 stems, transferring the growth point to the lateral stepson. To prevent cracking of the fruit, it is necessary to maintain an even soil moisture.

When growing cherry tall and medium-sized hybrids, it is imperative to tie up... Even undersized varieties must be tied up, otherwise the fruits from the first brush come into contact with the soil and become polluted.

Harvesting cherry begins from the moment the first fruits ripen, and then it is carried out periodically 1-2 times a week until the end of the growing season. You need to know that if you remove not quite ripe fruits, then even in the most delicious varieties they will not be sweet enough, so it is better to collect fruits that have acquired a characteristic color. If you are late with cleaning, they begin to crack and crumble; in order to avoid cracking of fully ripe, already harvested fruits, they must be carefully plucked and put into containers.

Often, when growing tomatoes in film greenhouses, plants are affected by various diseases, such as macrosporiosis, brown leaf spot. One of the most dangerous diseases is late blight (brown rot of fruits). Signs of this fungal disease are brown spots on the upper side of the leaves, dark brown stripes on the stems and petioles, and brown oily spots on the fruits. The increased development of this disease is facilitated by the high relative humidity of the air (80–90%) and the presence of water droplets on the leaves. Therefore, watering is recommended in the first half of the day, trying not to get on the plant when watering, you need to regularly ventilate, open the vents and doors.

Varieties

Characteristics of large-fruited tomatoes

Russian hero - mid-early (100-115 days) grade. Fruits are round, large, juicy, weighing 150-200 g each. Good taste. Resistant to some diseases such as mosaic, alternaria. For fresh consumption and processing.

Pink giant - a popular large-fruited medium early (120 days) variety for film greenhouses and open ground. Fruits are raspberry pink, very appetizing and tasty, large, fleshy, weighing 300-400 g (individual up to 700 g).

Lemon giant - mid-season salad grade. Plant height - 130–150 cm. The first brush is laid above the 7–8 m leaf, the subsequent ones - after 2–3 leaves. The fruits are very large, weighing up to 800-900 g, the pulp of the fruit is very tender, tasty, the salad of these fruits is a pleasure.

Bull heart - mid-late variety for film greenhouses and open ground. The main stem has 4–5 clusters with 2–5 fruits each. Fruits are pink-red, fleshy, large, weighing 500-800 g. Salad destination. The taste is excellent.

Paradisaic delight - large fruits of great taste. For open ground and for film greenhouses. Mid-season variety. The period from germination to the beginning of fruiting is 100–110 days. The plant is tall, indeterminate. The color of an unripe fruit is green, with a dark green spot at the stalk, while a mature fruit is red. Weight - 400-500 g. The variety is resistant to diseases.

Giant red - mid-season. The pulp is fleshy, juicy, with an amazing taste. With proper care and rationing of the amount of ovary in the brush, fruits weighing up to 1 kg can be grown.

Pink Elephant - for open ground and film shelters. Early ripe variety.The period from germination to the beginning of ripening is 100-115 days. The plant is medium-sized. The color is pink. Weight - 250-280 g. Universal use. Great taste.

Sugar giant - late-ripening variety for film greenhouses and open ground. Fruits are cuboid, weighing 600 g, intense red-pink color. The pulp is juicy, tender, tasty. Good for making delicious gourmet salads.

Tomato varieties for canning

Caspar - the best hybrid for canning in its own juice. Very fertile. For open ground and plastic greenhouses. Early maturing determinant hybrid. The period from germination to maturation is 115–120 days. The fruits are long,

pepper-shaped, dense, fleshy, red. Fruit weight - 100–125 g. Differs in resistance to cracking, simultaneous ripening and excellent fruit consistency. Resistant to fusarium and verticillary wilting.

Sowing - March 20-30. Seedlings disembarkation - May 10–20. Harvesting - July 15 - August 20. Planting pattern - 70 x 60 cm.

Shuttle - early maturing, cold-resistant variety. From germination to ripening - 85-110 days. Standard bush, 40–45 cm high. In a bunch there are 5–6 fruits weighing 50–60 g each. The fruit is oblong oval, smooth, red with a spout. Keeping quality is good. Recommended for fresh consumption, salting. Differs in amicable ripening of fruits.

Open ground varieties

Boney M - ultra fast variety for outdoor cultivation. The plant is undersized (50 cm). Sowing seeds is carried out from April 1. Fruits weighing 70 g. Because of early ripening, the fruits do not have time to be affected by late blight.

Betta- ultra-early maturing, like Boney M.

Gina- an early, high-yielding variety. The largest of all varieties intended for planting in open ground. The fruits are very tasty, fleshy, aromatic, weighing up to 300 g.

Protected ground varieties

Variety or hybrid? Better to give preference to hybrids... Unlike varieties, they have many necessary positive qualities specifically for greenhouses: resistance to low illumination, good fruit setting in unfavorable conditions, resistance to fruit cracking under temperature and humidity changes, etc. Hybrids are suitable for film shelters up to 1 m in height: Market King, Millennium... With a greenhouse height of about 2 m, semi-determinant hybrids are suitable Nocturne, Eupator, Sonata, Intuition , indeterminate Overture, Rhapsody, Etude, Semko 99, Funtik as well as new hybrids with pink fruits Market King VIII and Rosemary  .

Eupator- mid-early high-yielding hybrid. The plant is tall, formed into one stem, all stepchildren are removed. The inflorescence is simple, it is laid above the 6–7 m leaf, the subsequent ones - after 2–3 leaves. Fruits are flat-round, weighing 130–150 g, of uniform bright red color. It is appreciated for getting an early and harmonious harvest. The yield of one plant is 5–6 kg. The hybrid is resistant to late blight and other diseases.

Martha- a powerful indeterminate hybrid of early ripening with a developed root system. Formation is very good even at low temperatures. The average fruit weight is 140–150 g. The fruits combine excellent taste with high density and keeping quality. Resistant to most pathogens, reliable hybrid under various growing conditions.

Intuition- a high-yielding hybrid, early maturing. Fruiting begins 90–93 days after germination. The first inflorescence is laid above the 6–7 m leaf, the subsequent ones - after 1–2 leaves. There are 6-8 fruits in the inflorescence. Fruits are rounded, of uniform bright red color, weighing 100 g.

Rosemary- an early, medium-tall, high-yielding hybrid. Fruits are dense, bright pink, large, weighing up to 400-500 g. Very tasty, tender, fleshy. Grown in greenhouses.

Semko 99 - mid-early. From full germination to the beginning of fruiting - 100–105 days. The plant is determinate. The first inflorescence is laid above the 7–8 m leaf, the subsequent ones - after 1–2 leaves.The fruit is roundly flat, with a slight depression at the base, large, red, weighing 160–170 g, smooth, sometimes slightly ribbed. The fruits are resistant to cracking and tolerate transportation well. Productivity - 15 kg / m2.

Funtik- mid-ripening (115–120 days), plant 1.8–2.0 m high. Form into one stem with obligatory pinching. Fruits are round flat, red, up to 400 g, juicy, fleshy. Productivity - 19-21 kg / m2. Disease resistant.

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Hello dear readers!

From a great variety of varieties and hybrids tomatooffered to summer residents, it is difficult to unequivocally give preference to one and keep silent about others. The preferences of a particular gardener will always be subjective, because each has its own criteria for evaluating the selected tomato variety or hybrid... And conditions
The cultivation of tomato plants in different climatic zones is very different, the weather conditions from year to year are also different. In this regard, there is a concept - zoned varieties of tomatoes. Therefore, we will decide that the article will focus on the most popular varieties and hybrids of tomatoes that are well-deservedly loved by most gardeners.
The article will provide an overview of only medium-sized and tall varieties of purely greenhouse tomatoes. I think most gardeners know that tomatoes for open ground, for the most part, can be successfully grown in greenhouses, greenhouses and temporary film shelters. About these varieties in the next article. In order not to repeat myself, look at the article, which describes some of the most popular varieties and hybrids of tomatoes from the agricultural firm "Gavrish".

Having looked at the ratings of the popularity of tomatoes among summer residents, the sales hits of leading Russian agricultural firms for tomatoes, and based on my personal experience in retailing seeds, I think that the following deserve to be included in the list of the best varieties and hybrids of tomatoes for greenhouses:

•    Budenovka (agrofirm "Aelita") - mid-early variety (100 - 105 days) Indeterminate plant. Fruits weighing 200 - 350 gr. Genetically resistant to late blight.
•    Cavalier (agrofirm "Aelita") - early variety (95 - 98 days). The fruit is orange, round, weighing up to 100 grams. Combines early maturity, productivity and large-fruited.
•    Red cheeks (agrofirm "Aelita") - early variety (98 - 102 days) with amicable fruit ripening. Fruits are round, of excellent taste, weighing 100 - 130 gr.
•    Shustrik F1 (agrofirm "Manul") - early maturing (102 -105 days). Fruits of tomatoes are flat-round, weighing 90 - 120 gr. High-yielding, resistant to tobacco mosaic virus.
•    Pink cheeks (agrofirm "Manul") - early ripening variety (105 - 108 days). The plant is up to 150 cm high. Fruits are round, raspberry-pink, weighing 200 - 350 gr. with dense pulp.
•    Erema F1 (agrofirm "Manul") - mid-season variety (115 - 120 days). The plant is up to two meters high. Fruits are flat - rounded, red, dense, weighing 180 - 200 gr. Resistant to tobacco mosaic virus, cladospariosis, fusarium.
•    Dessert (agrofirm "Manul") - cherry group tomato. Early ripening (92 - 98 days). The plant is indeterminate. Fruits weighing 20 gr., Red, high taste.
•    Leader of the Redskins F1 (agrofirm "Biotekhnika") - early ripening hybrid (80 - 85 days). The plant is determinant. Fruits are round in shape, weighing 120 - 150 gr.
•   Dvortsovy (agrofirm "Biotekhnika"), from the series "Petersburg" - early maturing. The plant is determinate, up to 120 cm high. The fruit is flat-round, red, weighing up to 600 gr.
•    Black Prince (agrofirm "Biotekhnika") - The plant is tall. Fruit weighing up to 300 gr., Sweet, fleshy, brown - chocolate color.
•    Admiralteisky ("House of Seeds" CJSC SSPP "Sortsemovoshch" St. Petersburg - hereinafter JV "House of Seeds") - the variety was created for the conditions of a short northern summer. Early ripening (100 - 105 days). The plant is determinant. Fruits are round - flat, red, of good taste, weighing 200 - 210 gr.
•   Sultan F1 (JV "House of Seeds") - medium early (100 - 112 days). The plant is determinant. Fruits are red, flat-round, of excellent taste, weighing 150-200 gr.
•    Torbay F1 (JV "House of Seeds") - ultra early ripening (70 - 75 days). The plant is determinate up to 140 cm. High-yielding. Fruits are round, weighing up to 250 gr. The taste is excellent.
•    Khlynovsky F1 (SP "House of seeds") - early (100 - 108 days). The plant is determinant. Fruits are round, red, weighing up to 200 gr. In terms of yield and taste, it surpasses the well-known large-fruited tomatoes: Bull's Heart, Pink Giant, Wild Rose.
•    Eupator F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Medium early (106-110 days) Indeterminate plant, Fruits of a flat-round shape, with a perfectly flat surface, weighing 130-150 g. The hybrid is resistant to pathogens of tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporium, fusarium, and is also genetically resistant to cracking and apical rot of fruits. The yield of one plant is 4.5-5.5 kg.
•   Intuition F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Mid-season (110-115 days from germination to fruiting) indeterminate (with unlimited growth) hybrid. Belongs to the group of cluster tomatoes. Fruits are round, smooth, firmly attached to the stalk and do not crumble after ripening, weighing 100-110 g. Fruits with a high sugar content are perfect for whole-fruit canning, making fresh summer salads. The hybrid is resistant to the causative agents of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium, and is also resistant to cracking. The yield of one plant is 4.5-5.0 kg.
•    Kostroma F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Mid-early (106-110 days from germination to fruiting) tall (1.5-2.0 m) hybrid. Fruits are flat-round in shape, weighing up to 150 g. The hybrid is resistant to pathogens of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium, as well as to sudden changes in temperature and humidity. Differs in an early and friendly harvest. The yield of one plant is 4.5-5.0 kg.
•   Rosemary F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Medium ripening hybrid (115 days from germination to fruiting). Fruits are very large, up to 400 g, bright pink, even, smooth. Mainly for salad purposes. The pulp of the fruit is tender, juicy, tasty, with a "melting" consistency. Productivity (average) 8-11 kg / plant
•    Chio - chio - san (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Mid-season (110-120 days from germination to fruiting) indeterminate (with unlimited growth). A distinctive feature of the variety is a huge branched brush, on which 50 or more fruits are formed. Fruits are pink, plum-shaped, weighing 30-40 g, with an excellent dessert taste. The variety is resistant to the tobacco mosaic virus. The yield of one plant is 4.0 kg
•    Blagovest F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Early maturing (101-105 days from germination to fruiting) medium-sized (150-180 cm) hybrid. Fruits are round in shape, weighing 100-110 g. The hybrid is resistant to pathogens of tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. The yield of one plant is 5.0-5.5 kg.
•    Verlioka F1 (agricultural company "Gavrish") - Early ripe (101-105 days from germination to fruiting) medium-sized (1.0-1.5 m) hybrid. Fruits are round in shape, weighing 80-90 g. Perfect for making fresh salads and whole-fruit canning. The hybrid has a consistently high yield. The hybrid is resistant to the causative agents of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. The yield of one plant is 4.5-5.0 kg.

I am sure that this list can be continued, relying on data from other sources and the personal experience of summer residents from various regions of our country. For example, you can see the preliminary rating of tomatoes for greenhouses in 2012 on the website of our partner.I will be grateful to my readers for their suggestions and wishes and I am ready to supplement the above list with other equally popular varieties and hybrids of tomatoes for greenhouses that have dropped out of my field of vision.

In conclusion, I would like to recommend you interesting novelties of varieties and hybrids of tomatoes for greenhouses, developed by breeders of the agricultural firm "Gavrish":
•   Siberian F1 - late ripening (130-140 days from germination to fruiting) indeterminate (with unlimited growth) hybrid. Fruits of a flat-round shape, smooth, unique size! Average weight 400-600 g, maximum up to 2.8 kg. They have a harmonious, sweet taste, aromatic. The hybrid is resistant to the causative agents of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. The yield of one plant is 4.0-4.5 kg.
•    Ural F1 - The hybrid is specially created for the conditions of the Ural region! The first harvest of ripe, tasty, sweet tomatoes is harvested 116-120 days after germination. Indeterminate (with unlimited growth). Fruits are flat-round, smooth, weighing 350 g, mainly for salad purposes. The hybrid is resistant to the causative agents of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. The yield of one plant is 4.5-5.0 kg, the best result is up to 8 kg.
•   Shaolin F1 - Medium ripening (115 days from germination to fruiting) hybrid. Plants are powerful, low. Fruits are very large, up to 400 g, bright pink, even, smooth. Mainly for salad purposes. The pulp of the fruit is tender, juicy, tasty, of a "melting" consistency, with a high content of provitamin A. Yield (average) 8-11 kg / plant.
•    Kamchatka F1 - Mid-season (111-115 days from germination to fruiting) tall (1.5-1.8 m) hybrid. Fruits are attractive, rounded, weighing up to 150 g. The hybrid has excellent taste. In unregulated conditions, fruits can be stored for up to 1.5 months. The hybrid is resistant to the causative agents of the tobacco mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. The yield of one plant is 6.5-7.0 kg.

Best regards, Sergey Mozgovykh

I hope that you have read the materials of this article with interest and it turned out to be useful. Perhaps the materials presented in the article are controversial, and you disagree with something, then share your opinion in the comments. If the topic raised is interesting and you share the author's point of view, share these materials with your friends on social networks using the buttons under the article. And also on our site there is a free subscription form so that you can be the first to receive articles about new varieties of tomatoes

Breeding activity does not stand still, but constantly and actively expands biological diversity. For the next season, popular agricultural companies offer new varieties and hybrids of tomatoes. Their seeds are already on sale.

Every year, producers try to get even better varieties and hybrids with such characteristics as high yield, excellent fruit taste, short ripening period, etc. What made us happy this year.

Many people mistakenly believe that hybrids are genetically modified, that is, obtained from transgenic organisms, products. But this opinion is fundamentally wrong. Hybrids are born as a result of interspecies crossing of plants, and not genetic experiments. For example, a yellow watermelon is the result of crossing a wild watermelon (it has yellow flesh) with a regular one.

Novelties from the firm "Agros"

This agro-technology company was founded in 1994. She works in the market for selling seeds for professionals and amateurs in all regions from the Urals to the Far East. Firm "Agros" not only sells seeds of vegetable and flower crops of domestic and foreign selection, but also has its own experimental and demonstration fields. This makes it possible to evaluate seeds in a sharply continental climate. This season the company offers 4 new products.

Casper

This early variety is distinguished by such characteristics as compactness of the bush, excellent setting, attractive appearance of elongated-oval fruits (average weight 95-100 g) and high yield.

Novosibirsk red and Novosibirsk pink

Tomato Novosibirsk red

Tomato Novosibirsk pink

These early varieties have similar characteristics, they differ only in the color of the fruit. The first inflorescence is laid above the 8th leaf, and the subsequent ones - after 1-2 leaves. Among the advantages of these varieties, it is worth noting the compactness of the bush, high yield, excellent fruit set, their original, in the form of a cube, shape. Moreover, the tomatoes are very dense, weighing from 90 to 110 g.

All of these tomato varieties are ideal for outdoor cultivation.

Kira F1

This early ripe hybrid is recommended for growing in greenhouses. Unlike the previous ones, this plant is indeterminate (more than 2 m high). Fruits are dense, red, elliptical, weighing 25-30 g, very tasty.

Novelties from the company "Euro-seeds"

The company "Euro-seeds" produces and sells more than 3000 varieties and hybrids of vegetable and flower crops under the trademarks "Royal Harvest" and "Royal Flowerbed". The company works closely with renowned breeders who are working on new, more productive and disease resistant varieties and hybrids.

Little brother

Tomatoes of this early ripening variety begin to ripen at the end of June, the harvest is harvested 60-70 days after germination. The plant is determinate, standard (25-35 cm high), does not need pinching, suitable for growing in a greenhouse (seedling), on warm beds under double shelter (sowing is carried out in April-May). Fruits are round, weighing 50-70 g, ideal for fresh consumption and preparation of salads. The compact bush looks very decorative, looks great on the windowsill, garden bed and flower bed.

Kinder F1

An early ripe hybrid for brushing. From germination to fruit ripening - 80-90 days. The plant is determinate, 100-120 cm high, slightly leafy. On each branched brush, 18-20 fruits weighing 25-35 g ripen in unison. They are very tasty, sweet, homogeneous. Ideal for home cooking, preparing and decorating salads.

Ladnenky

Mid-season indeterminate variety. The plant is tall (110-130 cm), begins to bear fruit in 100-107 days after germination. The fruits are red, pear-shaped, multi-chamber, juicy, dense, weighing 170-190 g. They are used mainly for fresh salads, but the concentrated taste and rich aroma of sweet pulp make these tomatoes one of the best for making tomato paste, juices and canning in pieces. own juice.

More information about these and other plant varieties can be found on the company's website.

New items from "Russian Garden"

The history of the group of companies "Russian Ogorod-NK" began in 1991. To date, more than 1 billion seed bags have been produced and sold under this brand. The manufacturer has its own scientific base in Shchelkovo (Moscow region), where varieties and hybrids are selected, produced, cleaned, sorted and packaged original and reproductive seeds. There are also laboratories for breeding research and quality control, summer and winter greenhouses, a professional climatic storage for especially valuable and original seeds and an exclusive experimental demonstration site.

Blueberry Cream F1 Blend

These small tomatoes with a contrasting (yellow and purple) color create a unique duet on the garden bed and on your table, complementing each other with both color and taste. During the ripening period, tall plants are generously strewn with clusters of sweet and juicy fruits weighing about 20 g.

Plum drop F1

This new hybrid with delicious fruits of the original color will not leave anyone indifferent.Two shades - thick purple and rich yellow - merge together in each pear-shaped tomato weighing 40 g. The fruits contain a lot of anthocyanins and carotene. Plants 90-150 cm high under favorable conditions can give up to 500 beautiful and healthy fruits per season!

Gigantissimo F1

The name of the new hybrid speaks for itself. The fruits of this indeterminate plant can reach a weight of 1400 g. On bushes up to 180 cm high, juicy and fleshy tomatoes of a deep red color with a great taste ripen 75-80 days after planting.

Novelties from the agrofirm "Poisk"

Agrofirm "Poisk" is a selection and seed-growing company, which was formed on October 1, 1990 on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing (VNIIO). Scope of activity - selection, production and wholesale of seed and planting material: flower bulbs (Dutch and domestic selection), seedlings of ornamental and fruit crops, seedlings, indoor plants. The company also sells fertilizers, plant protection products and other materials needed by an amateur gardener.

Terek F1

This early maturing hybrid is intended for growing in greenhouses. Beautiful, round, bright red and sweet, like caramel, fruits (weighing 17-19 g) ripen 90-95 days after germination. The bushes are tall, need a garter, and form long clusters of 15-30 fruits each. Tomatoes are suitable for fresh consumption and canning whole fruits. The hybrid is resistant to cladosporia, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

New items from the "Gavrish" company

The main task set by the specialists of the Gavrish company is to provide Russians with high-quality seeds of vegetables and flowers, created in Russia. Breeding centers located in the town of Aleksin in the Tula Region, in the towns of Pavlovskaya Sloboda and Krasnogorsk in the Moscow Region, as well as in the city of Krymsk in the Krasnodar Territory have been successfully and efficiently creating seeds of popular varieties and hybrids for more than 20 years.

Fox

This large-fruited medium-early tall variety for film greenhouses will appeal to those who love rich yields, excellent quality of bright fruits and simple formation into one stem with the removal of all stepchildren. The fruits of the Lisenok tomato are bright orange in color, weighing up to 280 g, oval in shape. The fruit has a delicate flesh and thin skin, which, oddly enough, is not prone to cracking.

Chick

This tall tomato is recommended for growing in plastic greenhouses, where the bush is formed into one stem. The variety is excellent for whole fruit canning. The fruit has an original banana-like shape and a bright yellow-orange color. The skin is thin but quite firm. The pulp is sweet and sour. The average weight of tomatoes is 100-120 g.

Striped flight

Medium-sized cocktail tomato for growing in greenhouses, under temporary film shelters and in the open field. Fruits weighing 30-40 g are located on long clusters of 20-30 pieces and hold very firmly, do not crumble. Ripe tomatoes acquire a chocolate-burgundy color with green stripes and a sweet and sour taste. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption, they are good for pickling and pickling both in ripe and unripe form.

Creme brulee

Medium-sized variety with white fruits. Suitable for growing in greenhouses and under temporary shelters. Fruits weighing 200-250 g are slightly flattened, sour to taste. Ideal for pickling in barrels and making salads.

Black Pearl

Mid-early tall variety for cultivation in plastic greenhouses and in the open field with a garter to a high support (pergola, roofs of buildings, high fence). Plants look good, they can even be used as elements of landscape design.Small fruits of tomato Black pearls (weighing 25-30 g), when ripening, acquire a rounded shape, they have a very delicate flesh and brown skin with a pinkish tint.

Novelties from the Sortsemovosch company

St. Petersburg company "Sortsemovosch" (trade mark "House of Seeds") is one of the five largest seed companies in Russia. The main areas of its activity: selection, production, processing and sale of more than 1,500 varieties of varietal seeds of vegetable and flower crops (packaged and weight), soil, fertilizers, agrochemicals and other goods for the garden and vegetable garden.

Goof

An early maturing determinant variety for open and protected ground. Fruits ripen 100-105 days after germination. Sprawling bush, the central shoot reaches a height of 50-60 cm. Fruits are bright red, round, even, very tasty, weighing 120-150 g. This variety gives good yields, while unpretentious to growing conditions.

Perchik

An early ripe variety (100-105 days from germination) for cultivation in film greenhouses and open field, which has a high yield even in cold and damp summers. A low bush (up to 1 m) densely covered with graceful sweet fruits, similar in shape to peppers, with an average weight of 70-80 g.

Handbag

Indeterminate (i.e., with unlimited growth), large-fruited, high-yielding, early ripening variety of tomatoes intended for cultivation in greenhouses. The fruits ripen in 110-120 days from germination and are mainly used for making salads. On the bush there are 8-12 clusters with 3-5 fruits each. Tomatoes are red, round, fleshy, slightly flattened on the sides, weighing 200-400 g. In the sugary pulp there is a small amount of seeds.

You can find out more about the novelties from Sortsemovosch on the website.

Novelties from "Agrofirm Mars"

LLC "Agrofirma MARS" has been working on the seed market since 1998 and sells quality products under the name "Uralsky Dachnik". Varieties and hybrids are tested in the unstable climate of the Urals, therefore, even in unfavorable summer, the grown crops give a good harvest.

Specialists of the Chelyabinsk Breeding Station have produced new hybrids of tomatoes without the use of GMOs. All of them are resistant to the main diseases of tomatoes, lack of illumination, as well as the main problem of the Urals and Siberia - June return frosts.

Red red F1

A unique early maturing hybrid of the bristle type, intended for growing indoors. Plants are tall, medium-branched, form one stem at a planting density of 3 plants per 1 sq. M. Each bunch ripens 5-7 fruits weighing 200-500 g. They are red, round, smooth, dense, with sugar pulp. Up to 8.5 kg of tomatoes can be harvested from one bush.

Maryina Roshcha F1

Early maturing indeterminate hybrid. A powerful bush is formed into one stem at a planting density of 2.5 plants per 1 sq. M. The plant is famous for its unbridled yield. 7-9 fruits ripen on clusters, 150-170 g each. They are rounded, red in color, hang from the bushes in bright cascades and ripen very amicably. The plant is resistant to temperature stress, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), fusarium, cladosporiosis. Productivity - up to 17 kg of tomatoes from 1 sq.m.

Spasskaya Tower F1

Medium early super-yielding hybrid recommended for greenhouses and greenhouses. Plants are medium-sized, up to half of the nodes do not have stepchildren. On the brushes there are 5-6 fruits of 200-500 g each. They are round-oval, red with a pinkish tinge. The pulp is sweet and very aromatic. For a guaranteed harvest, it is necessary to securely fix the bush with props so that it does not break under the weight of the fruit. The variety is resistant to TMV, fusarium, cladosporium, rootworm nematodes. Productivity - up to 30 kg of tomatoes from 1 sq.m.

Tretyakovsky F1

Medium-early tall hybrid with tasty fruits. The brushes are compact, with 7-9 fruits, 120 g each.Ripe tomatoes have a rich raspberry color and unique taste; when cut, their juicy pulp shines beautifully. This tomato is called medicinal because it contains a lot of lycopene, carotene and selenium. In addition, the hybrid has increased shade tolerance and excellent fruit set in unfavorable weather conditions, and is also resistant to TMV, fusarium and cladosporiosis. Productivity - up to 15 kg of tomatoes from 1 sq.m.

Red Guard F1

Thanks to the ultra-early maturity and abundant fruiting of this hybrid, you can already enjoy the first delicious tomatoes at the end of June. The tomato is hardy to low light, fruit cracking, cold-resistant, does not require pinching. The plant is formed into 1-3 stems. The planting density is 2.5 plants per square meter, under the film - 3.5. Each cluster contains 7-9 fruits weighing 150-250 g. Tomatoes are beautiful, round, slightly ribbed, fleshy, dense, very tasty, recommended for fresh consumption. In addition, the new hybrid is resistant to cladosporium, fusarium, rootworm nematodes.

Hits from "Aelita"

Agrofirma Aelita has been successfully operating in the Russian seed market since 1989. This dynamically developing company produces and sells vegetable and flower seeds of its own and foreign selection. The assortment of the company exceeds 3500 varieties and hybrids. In the Arzamas district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the agrofirm has created its own breeding base - CESAR LLC, where qualified specialists have been working since 1994 to create new products for their customers. For those who are not familiar with the assortment of this company, we suggest taking a closer look at the sales hits, which many gardeners have already appreciated.

Curiosity

This tall early ripening variety will appeal to all lovers of cherry tomatoes. Rounded fruits (weighing 17-20 g) have an original brown-burgundy color, sweet and juicy taste. Fruiting is stable and long-term. Tomatoes ripen in greenhouses from early June to mid-autumn. Suitable for fresh consumption, garnishing and preserving.

Sugar bison

An indeterminate variety with a high yield of large fruits. They are very aromatic, sugary, fleshy, and contain few seeds. The weight of the first fruits can reach 800 g, and the subsequent ones - 200-400 g. From each bush, up to 4 kg of marketable tomatoes are obtained, which are ideal for salads and processing. The first crop of the plant is given at 110-115 days after germination.

If you like some varieties of tomatoes, hurry up to purchase their seeds. After all, a new summer cottage season is just around the corner!

Choosing tomatoes, the best varieties for open ground - undersized, unpretentious and productive - should be looked for in specialized catalogs. There are both promising novelties and tomatoes that have already been tested by gardeners and have received positive reviews. Before buying, you can see the photo and understand how ripe fruits will look like. According to experienced gardeners, compact standard varieties are unpretentious, calmly tolerate temperature fluctuations and rarely get sick.

Mini bushes: what are their advantages

When choosing tomatoes for open ground, the size of the plants must be taken into account. A great advantage of low-growing tomatoes is compact placement. More plants can be placed on a standard bed, and they will not interfere with each other. Landings are neat and easy to care for.

When deciding which seeds are suitable for the garden, it is important to pay attention to the photo of tomatoes. Low-growing tomatoes can be large-fruited or very small, round, cylindrical, pear-shaped. Some tomatoes ripen in clusters or bunches. The most productive varieties and hybrids should be looked for in specialized catalogs, where there is not only a photo, but also a detailed description with the nuances of agricultural technology.

Low-growing tomatoes are often planted in open ground.Their miniature size protects plants from frost, drought and other vagaries of the weather. Most varieties do not need tying, pinching and pinching. If desired, the lower moldings of the tomatoes can be removed, allowing light to reach the ovaries.

A great advantage of undersized tomato varieties is disease resistance. Plants are less often affected by late blight and cladosporium disease, they are resistant to viruses, gray, root or apical rot.

Tomato varieties for open ground (video)

The best varieties for open ground

Promising tomatoes for private households and farms can be found at industry fairs or in catalogs that publish not only descriptions, but also photos of fruits. It is important to buy seeds only from trusted producers who guarantee freshness, high quality and compliance with the declared variety.

Experienced gardeners recommend considering the following tomatoes:

1. Benito. First generation hybrid, fruitful and cold hardy. Compact standard bushes with lush greenery are suitable for planting in open beds, but they feel good under the film. Plants are resistant to viruses and late blight, and are rarely affected by pests. Tomatoes ripen together, in brushes of 6-8 pcs. Up to 7 kg of selected fruits can be removed from one bush. Tomatoes are very tasty, with sweetish firm pulp and thin skin.
2. Snow Leopard. Large-fruited mid-season variety of Russian selection. Prefers fertile soil. The weight of ripe tomatoes varies from 120-140 g, the color is bright, reddish-orange, the taste is pleasantly sweet with a slight sourness. The variety can be grown in any region; on cold nights, the bushes are covered with foil. The ripening period is extended, the fruits are harvested before frost.
3. Volgograd Pink. Low-growing tomatoes resistant to the climate of central Russia. They grow well on any soil, but in fertile soil, the fruits are larger. They need minimal maintenance, no pinching is required. Tomatoes are large, of a beautiful pink color, with a delicate bright taste and delicate aroma. Suitable for canning and preparing salads.
4. Tarpan. This is a first generation hybrid with a high yield. From 1 m² of plantings, you can collect 10-12 kg of selected tomatoes. Cold hardy, but in warm climates the fruits are larger. The hybrid is picky about the nutritional value of the soil, prefers frequent feeding. Tomatoes are beautiful, flat-rounded, warm pink. The taste is intensely sweet, the pulp is juicy, sugary at the break.
5. Betta. Dwarf tomatoes, the height of the bush does not exceed 50 cm. The variety is resistant to diseases, rarely affected by pests. Suitable for planting in flower beds or large flowerpots. The fruit is medium in size, sweet and juicy. In the process of maturation, the color changes from light green to deep dark red. The dense but not tough skin makes tomatoes suitable for canning.
6. Gift of the Volga region. A promising variety of undersized tomatoes of Russian selection. Bushes are low, standard type, with a moderate amount of green mass. Tomatoes of the Dar Zavolzhya variety can have red or pink fruits, the weight varies from 75 to 140 g. On the lower branches, the fruits are larger. The taste is rich, sweetish, the skin of mature tomatoes is thin and glossy. Large tomatoes are eaten fresh, small ones are ideal for whole fruit canning ..
7. Japanese Rose. Low-yielding tomatoes, suitable for growing outdoors, in a greenhouse or under plastic. Fruits are richly sweet, fleshy, with few seeds. A short plant covered with heart-shaped dark pink tomatoes looks very elegant. Tomatoes of this variety are popular with children, they are especially tasty when fresh, but they are also suitable for making juices.
8. Cranberries in the Sahara. A variety from Russian breeders, suitable for planting in beds or in large pots.Plants are fruitful, after the end of the season they can be brought into the room to lengthen the fruiting period. Tomatoes are medium-sized, very sweet, ripen with beautiful clusters. The taste is slightly sour, spicy. Tomatoes are good for canning in assorted vegetables or baby food.
9. Torch. Low growing tomatoes, suitable for growing in cool climates. The bushes are very decorative, they expand from the roots to the top, resembling small torches. Ripe tomatoes are delicious, sweetish with a slight sourness, the flesh is dense and sugary.

Open field tomatoes in Siberia (video)

Growing tomatoes in the beds: gardeners' secrets

Choosing the right seeds is important to maximize the yield of low-growing tomatoes. A tomato grown from material harvested 2 years ago will turn out to be especially successful. Too old seeds with reduced germination should not be used. Before sowing, it is necessary to calibrate and process with a solution of potassium permanganate or hydrogen peroxide. Liquid growth stimulant will help to increase the survival rate. Early varieties of tomatoes are sown in early March or late February, the exact date depends on the region.

Seedlings of low-growing varieties of tomatoes are transplanted to the beds in mid or late May, when the soil warms up enough. The prepared soil can be covered in advance with a film, protecting it from weeds and maintaining a high level of moisture. Before planting, superphosphate, potash fertilizers or birch ash are added to the soil. Old humus or a small portion of peat is also useful. The more nutritious the soil, the sooner the seedlings will start growing.

Transplanted bushes need to be watered well. In the future, moisture is introduced into the soil 2 times a week, the water should be warm. Cold slows down growth, young plants can shed their ovaries. Caring for bushes of stunted tomatoes is easy. It is limited to timely watering and the introduction of complex fertilizers more often than 1 time per month. Too frequent feeding stimulates abundant growth of green mass to the detriment of fruit formation. Once a season, you can spray the bushes with an aqueous solution of superphosphate, this will speed up the ripening of tomatoes. Finished fertilizers are often replaced with diluted mullein or chicken droppings.

Harvesting takes place throughout the summer. To stimulate new ovaries, you can not wait until the tomatoes are fully ripe and pluck them green. Varietal tomatoes are suitable for collecting seeds, but hybrid bushes will not produce high-quality seed.

Low-growing varieties of tomatoes are an excellent choice for novice gardeners who have not had time to acquire a greenhouse. Plants grow well in open ground, they are not afraid of frost and insect pests. The most productive varieties are unpretentious, caring for them is simple, and the seeds for subsequent plantings can be harvested independently.

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