Prunes are the best varieties

Plum is a fruit crop, a place for which every amateur gardener finds on his personal plot. If you choose the right variety, plums can be grown in most regions of Russia. Breeders have created a large number of winter-hardy varieties and hybrids, zoned for the conditions of a long frosty winter. This fruit crop is relatively fast-growing, which means that a few years after planting, you can count on the first significant harvest.

A variety of varieties with fruits of various colors and ripening periods, unpretentious care, make the plum one of the most common crops in amateur and industrial gardens. For the middle lane, it is preferable to choose plum varieties with early and medium-early ripening periods, so that the peak of fruiting ends before the first frost.

The content of the article:

• 7 best varieties of plums
• Early varieties of plum
• Mid-season varieties
• Late plum varieties
• Yellow plum varieties
• Chinese plum
• Other varieties of plum
• How to choose the right plum sapling?
• Basic requirements for seedlings
• Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings
• conclusions

7 best varieties of plums

These varieties are distinguished by increased resistance to diseases and pests, good winter hardiness and dessert fruit taste.

1. Fast-growing. An early variety, ripening by 1-2 decades of August, has exceptional frost resistance. The variety is not affected by fruit rot, has increased resistance to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops. Fruits of a reddish hue with yellow sweet pulp weighing up to 30 g. Plum of this variety tolerates drought, during the period of lack of moisture neither growth nor fruiting suffer.

2. Yakhontovaya. Plum of this variety has excellent frost resistance and resistance to insect pests and diseases of fruit crops. Fruits of yellow color have a light waxy bloom, a pronounced sweet and sour taste, reach a mass of 30 g. Plum of the Yakhontovaya variety is drought-resistant, for 3 years after planting, 50 kg of fruits can be harvested from the tree.

3. Tula black. The variety is characterized by a high level of immunity to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops, taste and frost resistance are somewhat lower than those of previous crops. The main purpose of dark blue fruits of sweet and sour taste is to use for preparations, preparation of dried fruits. The fruit ripens in mid-September.

4. Chinese. A winter-hardy variety of medium early ripening (mid-September) has a high immunity to pests and diseases of fruit trees. The variety has large, red fruits weighing up to 70 g with a delicate sweet taste.

5. Blue gift. The sweet fruits of this variety weigh a little - only 15 g. They ripen in 1-2 ten days of August, the tree is frost-resistant, rarely exposed to diseases.

6. Giant. Delicate fruits of this variety correspond to the name - they reach a weight of 110 g, have a pleasant taste, sweet without cloying. Trees of this variety are not resistant to fungal diseases, winter hardiness is low.

7. Stanley. An old variety of American selection, popular today. It is in the state register of the Russian Federation, it is recommended for cultivation in the south of Russia. Medium-sized trees reach a height of 3 m and have a sparse crown. Large and very large fruits of dark purple and green color are covered with a waxy coating. The pulp of this type of plum is sweet, dense and aromatic, the stone is separated. The purpose of the variety is to use it as a dessert, for drying for future use, for homemade preparations.

All of the above varieties of plum are distinguished by their early maturity (getting the first harvest from the third year of life), good yield. They are used as a dessert or raw material for preparations: preparation of compote, jam, jam, pastilles, etc. Plums of these varieties are transportable, that is, they are suitable for transportation over long distances.

Early Yakhontova Tula black Chinese Blue gift Giant Stanley

Early varieties of plum

Early ripening varieties are attractive for commercial use of the crop, as the crop can be sold profitably.

• July. Plums of this variety are used as a dessert and for preparations. The ripening period of red fruits with yellow and sweet pulp is the end of July. The yield is 12 kg per tree, the first harvest is taken already at the 3rd year of the tree's life. The average weight of ovoid fruits is 30 g. The tree has an average height, average foliage, shoots take an arched shape. Plum of this variety prefers abundant sunlight throughout the day and moderate soil moisture.

• Zarechnaya early. The ripening period for large blue fruits of this variety is mid-July. The pulp of the fruit is yellow, has a pleasant sour taste, the plums are covered with a waxy bloom. The tree of the Zarechnaya early variety bears fruit regularly, from 3-4 years of age, the average yield is 15 kg per tree. The purpose of the fruits is to be used as raw materials for blanks.

• Fast-growing. The variety has increased winter hardiness, the fruit ripening period is late July-early August. Small fruits with red skin are transportable, have aromatic juicy pulp. The yield of the variety is 10 kg per tree, the Skoroplodnaya plum begins to bear fruit at the 4th year of life. The purpose of the fruit is to be used as a dessert.

July Zarechnaya early Early

Mid-season varieties

Plums of medium ripening always find their connoisseurs among gardeners, as they have a bright color and rich taste. Fragrant fruits are most often used for harvesting and home winemaking.

• Souvenir of the East. The table variety obtained as a result of selection work is characterized by a high yield (up to 40 kg per tree) and large, beautiful fruits with crispy, sweet pulp. The crown of the tree is low, located at a height of no more than 2.5 m. The color of large fruits is dark blue, weight - up to 40 g, the color of the pulp is yellow. The purpose of the crop is to use it as a dessert, technical processing.

• Romain. Used in amateur gardens, ripens in the 2nd decade of August. The variety is distinguished by regular fruiting, has a reddish foliage. High quality fruits of medium size (up to 25 g), have a red skin and the same color flesh. Used for dessert and for processing for the winter.

Souvenir of the East Romain

Late plum varieties

Most often they are used for conservation and preparation for the winter in the form of dried fruits, they have good frost resistance. Gardeners of the middle lane and northern regions should be selective in choosing late-ripening varieties, since they can lose most of the harvest due to early September frosts.

• The president. The ripening period is mid-September, the tree of this variety is extremely productive, with good care you can get from 40 to 70 kg of large blue fruits with juicy yellow pulp. The purpose of the fruits is universal, suitable for obtaining prunes, long-term storage and transportation.

• Empress The tree of this variety is tall, up to 4 m in height, ripening period is 2-3 decades of September. Plum of this variety begins to bear fruit at 4-5 years of age. It gives about 20 kg of dark purple large fruits with yellow and juicy pulp (up to 50 g). Purpose - processing and procurement.

The president Empress

Yellow plum varieties

Plum of yellow varieties resembles cherry plum in color, but these two crops are radically different from each other, both in taste and in appearance.

• Egg. The tree of this variety perfectly adapts to unfavorable weather conditions. Large, round fruits of mediocre taste ripen in late August and early September. They cannot be stored for a long time, they deteriorate already 4-5 days after collection. The beginning of fruiting falls on the 6th year of the tree's life. The purpose of the fruit is processing for canning.

• Altai Jubilee. It takes root equally well both in the south and in the northern regions. The early ripening variety has small yellow-red fruits with juicy, friable flesh. The beginning of fruiting is 3 years of the tree's life. It is susceptible to chlorosis and pest attacks. Plum of this variety is not transportable over a long distance.

• Honey white. The taste of the fruit is consistent with the name, its pulp is juicy and sweet. Tall tree (up to 5 m), early ripening, round, medium-sized fruits. The variety has a high yield, winter hardiness.

Egg Altai Jubilee Honey white

Chinese plum

This culture is a rarity in our gardens. Its fruits are attractive and delicious. The Chinese inhabitant is environmentally friendly, more frost-resistant, early in fruiting. This type of plum is characterized by an unusual flowering: the crown is covered with a dense ball of inflorescences, making the landscape spectacular and unique. The flowering period falls on rainy, cool weather, so flowers that are not able to self-pollinate do not receive the help of insects. To solve this problem, cherry plum should be planted next to the Chinese plum, it is a reliable pollinator. The fruits of the plant are red or yellow, heart-shaped. The pulp is juicy, with an adherent bone and a special taste.

Sorts of Chinese plum: "Red ball", "Skoroplodnaya", "Red meat", "Golden ball", "Jubilee", "Seedling Shiro". The Golden Ball tastes like pineapple.

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Other varieties of plum

The wide range of plum varieties offered by breeders allows the selection of seedlings for different climatic conditions.

• Top hit - a late-ripening variety with large egg-shaped fruits (up to 80 g) with tasty pulp with a slight sourness.

• General's - a frost-resistant variety for technical purposes, has small red fruits with soft pulp, making them non-transportable. Low-growing trees are frost-hardy, they are distinguished by abundant flowering at the end of May.

• Morning - the variety has medium-sized green-yellow fruits with yellow juicy pulp.

• Nenka - a high-yielding and frost-resistant variety with medium-sized fruits (up to 22 g). The tree is medium-sized, the crown has a wide pyramidal shape.

• Alyonushka - the variety is derived from the Chinese plum, so the leaves of the tree with a spherical crown are similar to the leaves of a peach.Sweet large fruits of dark pink color have an inseparable stone.

• Chemalskaya large - a fast-growing variety, yields a harvest for 3-4 years, frost-resistant, needs pollinating varieties. Both the buds and the wood are frost-resistant, the tree needs sufficient watering.

• Spike-shaped blue suite - a high-yielding mid-season variety with juicy and sweet fruits weighing up to 60 g. The crown of the tree is compact.

• Red ball - a dessert variety of large-fruited plum with rounded red fruits with a juicy, light yellow pulp. The tree is medium-sized, up to 2.5 m tall, the fruits are transportable.

• Eurasia 21 - a tall tree with red-burgundy juicy and sweet-sour fruits with a waxy bloom. Fruit weight up to 35 g.

• Tula black (Bryansk late) - a high-yielding, self-fertile variety with an average ripening period. It has medium frost resistance, dark blue oval fruits with reddish flesh.

• Blue gift - mid-season, self-fertile, high-yielding variety. Large fruits have excellent taste, dark purple color.

• Early ripening red - early maturing self-fertile variety of folk selection ripens in August. Oval fruits with sweet firm flesh are purple in color.

• Oh yeah - an unpretentious early ripening variety, even on loamy soil, gives high yields. Requires the introduction of a large amount of organic matter and sufficient watering. The stunted tree is annually strewn with purple fruits with a fleshy sweet and sour pulp.

• Kuban legend - a medium-sized tree has a pyramidal crown. Egg-shaped red-violet fruits with green flesh reach a weight of 35 g.

• Vicana - the variety is zoned for the northwestern regions. A stunted tree has a thin weeping crown. The mass of oval burgundy fruits reaches 25 g, their stone is easily separated from the pulp. Plum is suitable for both dessert and canning.

• Valor - mid-season variety of Canadian selection. Large egg-shaped blue fruits with juicy greenish-creamy flesh reach a mass of 50 g.

• Memory of Timiryazev - a medium-sized tree with a weeping crown has oval juicy fruits with a yellowish pulp. Plum stone with lilac skin is easily separated from the pulp.

• Hungarian - a transportable variety intended for the production of prunes. The dark red oval fruits have a sugary firm flesh with a sweet taste. The bone is easily detached.

• Mirabel - plums of this variety are similar to cherry plum, but unlike it they have a sweet pulp and an easily separated stone. Small fruits are oval in shape with pointed ends.

• Ternoslum - a low-growing tree with excellent adaptability to various growing conditions. The variety is unpretentious to care, has a high yield, its purpose is conservation.

• Damascene - has oval fruits of various colors (white, black, blue, yellow).

• Canadian plum - the variety is self-fertile, needs additional pollination, due to early flowering it is not afraid of spring frosts.

• Burbank Giant - a frost-resistant diploid variety with large fruits of excellent taste. Resistant to monoliosis.

• Kabardinka - the variety was created by breeders of the Stavropol Territory and Kabardino-Balkaria. Mid-season, ripens in mid-August. Spherical fruits have a very tasty pulp, reaching a mass of 45 g.

• Angelina - the variety is characterized by a powerful crown that needs to be shaped to accelerate fruiting. Plums of this variety are early-growing, begin to yield the harvest 3 years after planting. The fruits are similar to those of cherry plum.

• Mashenka - a medium-sized tree of early ripening. Dark pink fruits with yellow flesh have an excellent dessert taste.

Top hit General's Morning Nenka Alyonushka Chemalskaya Spike-shaped blue suite Red ball Eurasia 21 Tula black Blue gift Early ripening red Oh yeah Kuban legend Vicana Valor Memory of Timiryazev Hungarian Mirabel Ternoslum Damascene Canadian plum Burbank Kabardinka Angelina Mashenka

How to choose the right plum sapling?

The first step towards future high yields is the selection of a healthy seedling, prepared according to all the rules for sale and transportation. It is best to purchase young plum trees from nurseries where they are cultivated by professionals.

The initial examination of a plum sapling is an assessment of the condition of the bark and kidneys. The bark should not be damaged, and the buds should be slightly swollen and greenish when purchased in spring. Dry, dry buds are a sign of death or freezing of the tree.

Basic requirements for seedlings

A plum seedling suitable for planting can be annual or biennial. An annual seedling has a thin, even trunk without branches. A two-year-old seedling is a trunk (at least 2.5 cm in diameter) with 3-4 branches - the rudiments of skeletal branches 50-60 cm long. Both those and others take root well in a new place, although two-year-olds begin to bear fruit faster. Three-year-old plum seedlings are more sensitive to replanting.

When choosing a seedling, special attention should be paid to the health of the roots. The root system should be fibrous, with a central root and many branches and thin roots.

Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings

Optimal terms for purchasing and planting plums in the middle lane:

• End of March - beginning of April;

• End of September - beginning of October.

For the south of Russia, these terms are shifted by 2-3 weeks forward (in spring) or backward (in autumn).

Seedlings with a closed root system take root best. A reliable seller will always cover the roots of the seedling with a clay mash before selling it to protect it from drying out and damage during transportation. If the root system is not protected, and the seedlings need to be transported, their roots are wrapped in a damp cloth, grass, straw. If the root system is dry, there is a risk of death of the seedling.

conclusions

A large assortment of zoned varieties of plums, suitable for growing in most regions, allows you to purchase planting material to your liking. The choice of a high-quality seedling with the expected characteristics, proper planting and care will definitely reveal the possibilities of the variety and help to get a good harvest.

The author of the article: Alexey Kuzmin, expert agronomist, especially for the site

Plums are one of the most delicious and healthy fruits. They are used not only fresh, but also in the preparation of culinary dishes, as well as in preparations for the winter.

Dried plums or prunes are a valuable low-calorie product, which has healing properties due to its high content of vitamins and other nutrients, especially potassium.

What plum is better to make prunes?

Plums for making prunes must meet certain requirements:

• the percentage of dry matter is about 20%;
• the concentration of sugars in fruits - from 12%;
• moisture and acid content - up to 1%;
• fruit weight - from 30 to 40 g;
• skin color - dark blue;
• the fruits have a dense, intact skin, covered with a waxy coating, the stone is small.

What types of plums are suitable for making prunes?

Varieties such as Mirabelle, early blue, apricot and some others do not dry, since good prunes will not work out of them.

Hungarian

Hungarian is one of the most popular and common varieties of plum for prunes. Its fruits have excellent taste, high sugar content and ideal for drying.

Some varieties of Hungarian:

1. B. Italian - self-fertile (does not require planting near the pollinator variety) mid-season variety. It is cultivated mainly in the southern regions, as it can freeze out at low temperatures. The trees are not tall, up to 5 m high, the crown diameter does not exceed 6 m. Begins to bear fruit in 4 or 5 years, the average yield is 50 kg of plums. Average weight of fruits - 35 g. Does not tolerate drought.
2. V. home - late variety, demanding on heat. It is characterized by rapid growth, with an average height of 6.5 m.Fruiting begins from 7–8 years of cultivation. At the age of 20, with optimal care, the maximum tree yield reaches 150 kg. Fruit weight - about 20 g.
3. V. Wangenheim - an early variety, resistant to frost and diseases, can grow on insufficiently fertile soil. To increase yields, it is recommended to carry out re-pollination of inflorescences. Already in the 6th year of cultivation, the seedling yields 15 kg of yield; upon reaching 10 years of age and older, its average yield is 60 kg. Fruit weight about 30 g.
4. V. korneevskaya - self-fertile mid-season variety, withstands frost and drought well. Begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Purple fruits weighing up to 35 g. Trees give bountiful harvests: already at the age of 6 they can reach 30 kg.

Renklod Karbyshev

Early high-yielding variety, the weight of the fruit is about 40 g. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. The crown of the tree is dense and requires regular pruning.

Adyghe prunes

Medium late self-fertile variety with abundant but periodic fruiting. Resistant to frost, drought, fungal diseases. The average fruit weight is 40 g.

Blue bird

Mid-season with abundant and regular fruiting... The first fruits appear as early as 2-3 years of growing the seedling. The average weight of the fruits is 45 g, they have excellent taste and an easily detachable stone.

The trees are self-fertile, resistant to cold and disease.

For drying on prunes, good varieties will be Blue Bird, Renklod Karbysheva, Raisin-Eric

Raisin-eric

Crimean medium late plum variety... Trees require planting near pollinating varieties. They bring abundant harvests, at the age of 20 - from 115 kg. Fruiting begins from the 7th - 8th year from the moment of planting.

The size of the fruits is small, the shape is elongated pear-shaped, the average weight is 9.5 g. Trees are resistant to drought, grow better on fertile moisture-permeable soil.

How to properly dry prunes

Prunes are prepared from well-ripe fruits.that have accumulated a maximum of sugar and nutrients. Fruits that have fallen from a tree have the optimum degree of ripeness.

When selecting for drying, rotten, wormy, damaged plums should be rejected.

The most suitable for collection and subsequent drying are fruits with slightly wrinkled skin, containing a minimum of water. You can achieve such a state of falling plums by stopping watering the trees in advance (about 30 days before the harvest ripens).

The process of preparing prunes has its own characteristics.... It is impossible to achieve the required product quality by drying plums alone.

In this case, the fruits will lose their juice, their pulp will acquire excessive rigidity, and the skin will become not black, but brown.

To obtain prunes, special preparation of berries is required.

To obtain the required product special preparation of berries is required, its stages:

1. Drying drains are stored in basketslocated on the territory of covered areas. The maximum number of fruits placed in them should not exceed 16 kg. In this form, the fruit can be stored for up to 3 days in order to avoid damage to the plum due to fermentation processes.
2. Before starting drying the fruits are thoroughly washed until the water obtained after rinsing them is absolutely clear.
3. Then plum is sorted, separating large from small, with the subsequent rejection of berries that are not suitable for drying.
4. Selected fruits once again washed and blanched in hot water... This softens their tissues, removes the air contained in them and leads to the expansion of the drain cells. In the process of blanching, oxidizing elements are destroyed with almost complete preservation of vitamins and other valuable substances.
5. To remove wax deposits from the surface of berries they are lowered for 15-20 seconds in 1% solution of caustic soda... At home, it is difficult to completely wash off the remnants of soda from the fruit, so it is better to replace it with potash.
6. Cooling drains, while many cracks form on their surface. They provide a slow release of moisture from the fruit, preventing the skin from bursting with a rapid loss of all juice, which will exclude the receipt of real prunes.

How prunes are made:

Preparing fruits for drying will not give the desired result if you do not adhere to the special rules for performing this process. It is not as simple as it might seem.

For this purpose, in a production environment, use multi-deck drying cabinets or tunnel (duct) dryers.

Initially, the fruit wilts slightly at 40-50 ° C for 3-5 hours to prevent bursting. Then the temperature is raised and drying is continued until the dried fruit acquires the required condition.

At this stage, biochemical processes take place in the tissues of the fruit, ensuring the acquisition of its characteristic taste qualities by the prune.

For the production of prunes in a production environment, multi-tiered drying cabinets or tunnel (channel) dryers are used.

Drying plums at home

When making your own prunes the rules for preparing and drying plums should be followed as much as possible.

In the absence of special drying equipment, you can use a conventional oven or dry the fruit in the open air.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways:

1. Spread the fruit evenly in one layer on plywood sheets or other suitable surface located in direct sunlight... Plums must be turned over from one side to the other to avoid mold growth. After 5 days of drying in the sun, the fruits are transferred to the shade for final drying.
2. In ovens the first 4 hours, the berries filled with juice are kept at 45 ° C, then turning off the heat to cool the fruits for 4 hours. In a next drying step of the same duration, the temperature is raised to 60 ° C, followed by cooling. The third stage lasts from 8 to 10 hours. The drying temperature during it rises to 75 ° C. When 3-5 minutes remain until the end of the process, you can raise the temperature to 100 ° C to give the dried fruit a beautiful shine.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways: in ovens and in direct sunlight.

The prunes that have reached readiness have a soft structure, their tissues contain a certain amount of juice, which ensures their elasticity. But at the same time, moisture does not come out of the dried fruit even when it is squeezed with considerable force.

Possessing a wonderful taste and a large amount of useful substances, in particular monosaccharides, this product is indispensable in diet and daily nutrition.

It is used as an ingredient in various culinary dishes, for making sweets and confectionery.

Eating prunes inhibits the growth of bacteria and can be used to prevent tooth decay and inflammatory gum disease.

It improves the functioning of the digestive tract, normalizes blood pressure, strengthens the nervous system.

How to cook prunes at home:

Plum is loved by many people and has more than 2000 years of history since the day of its origin. At that time, by crossing cherry plum and blackthorn, a new, tasty culture was obtained - plum. The hybrid, named "Home Plum", became the progenitor of all currently existing varieties. It took a long time, over the years, dozens of species of this fruit tree have been created by scientific breeders. The plant is quite whimsical in care and cultivation, so some gardeners consider it one of the most capricious. Today, plum varieties are so different in their appearance, in terms of growing conditions, that in our country this wonderful fruit lives in almost all regions. Let's consider the variety of fruits - according to the speed of their ripening using the example of the most popular and delicious varieties.

Early plum varieties

The types of plums are numerous - there are more than 2000 varieties in the world. But among any variety, there are always the best varieties. The early ones are especially loved, since you can feast on fruits already from the second decade of July and the very beginning of August. For the same reason, they are loved from the point of view of commercial benefits, the first ripening fruits (like vegetables) are always sold at a higher cost. The following are excellent representatives of early maturing varieties - according to surveys of amateur gardeners and Russian breeders.

Zarechnaya early

This plum variety is often found in central and southern Russia. In the villages - Early Zarechnaya - in almost every garden. The only drawback is sterility, for the ovary of fruits a "donor" of pollen is needed, they can be - Etude or Volzhskaya beauty. The tree is small, the crown is spherical, the branches are brown, sometimes bent downward. The foliage is standard oval, dark green in color. Easily tolerates frosts, even frosts during the flowering period are not terrible. A young tree will bear fruit in 3 or 4 years.

After July 15th, or in the first decade of August, the fruits ripen. The crop is evenly distributed along the branches, a large sweet plum, reaching 60 g in mass. The fruit is oblong in shape, with a pronounced ventral seam, the color is bright purple with a characteristic smoky dusting, which gives the color a blue tint. The caramel pulp seems to glow from the inside, it is effortlessly separated from a small stone, has a dense structure. The taste of Zarechnaya early is juicy, sweet (one might even say honey) and tender. The skin gives a slight sourness. Plum is good in any form, be it freshly picked fruit, juice, compote, marshmallow or wine

Kabardian early

The tree is large, vigorous, maximum height 6 meters. The branches grow in the form of a pyramid, while it is dense. Self-pollinated variety - Kabardinskaya early does not require pollinators. But the disadvantage is poor frost tolerance. The plum variety is best planted and grown in the southern parts of the country. Fruiting a little later than the previous variety, on average it is 4 or 5 years.

The fruit tree blooms in May - fruits appear in June. Early Kabardian is a large-fruited variety, maximum 50 g, while often on the tree you can see double plums, the weight of such unusual fruits reaches 70 g. Rounded in shape, the seam is hardly noticeable, the color is pink with a purple tint (sometimes there is a yellow barrel). The skin is dense, yolk-colored flesh, juicy, honeyed and aromatic. During transportation, the presentation of the variety and taste do not deteriorate, but it is poorly stored.

Chachak early

The tree does not exceed 3.5 m. Crohn of an attractive ovoid shape. The variety is also called Chachakskaya nibolia, the best or the best. This fruit tree is not capable of setting fruit from its own pollen, therefore pollinators are required, for this Nenka, Empress, President or Herman are suitable. Chachak early variety is frost-resistant, but comparatively. During the flowering period, with frosts, wet soil and the location of the seedling in the lower parts of the garden, the shoots may suffer, this should be taken into account if the spring is cold. The tree bears fruit early - already for 3 years it will delight the gardener with a harvest.

Flowering occurs in May, fruits ripen in early June. The plum is large, the maximum weight of the fruit is 65 g. The shape of the regular oval at the stalk is slightly narrowed, reminiscent of an egg. The color of the fruit is light purple, there is a smoky dusting of a bluish tint. The pulp is elastic, light lime, gristly, juicy, sugar, fragrant. Chachak early tolerates transportation well. Can be stored for a long time at low temperatures - in the refrigerator or basement.

Red ball

The tree is medium-tall - 2.7 meters high. The crown is sparse, the branches grow sprawling, forming a rounded shape. Shoots and branches are brown, the leaves of a standard shape are oval, oblong, the color is rich green, matte.This plum is also self-fruitless - any varieties of Chinese, Russian or other plums that coincide in flowering period are suitable for pollination. The red ball is suitable for areas with cold winters, as the tree tolerates frosts down to -36⁰C. In spring frosts, you need to cover the tree if there are buds, but it should be borne in mind that it can support.

Plums ripen after August 15th, decorating the tree, they stick around the annual shoots like a garland. The fruits are not large - about 45 g. The skin is thin, the color is pink-red, sometimes with an orange undertone, while the plum haze lies in the thinnest layer, giving a blue in color. The pulp is golden yellow, juicy, sweet and sour.

Early renclaude

Tall plum - up to 5.5 meters, created by the Ukrainian breeder L.I. Taranenko in the last century, but thanks to its excellent dessert taste and general characteristics, the fruit tree has spread and is grown everywhere. Shoots do not grow very intensively, so the crown is not dense and has the shape of a circle. This variety is not self-pollinated and Vengerka Donetskaya or early, or Renklod Karbysheva are well suited as a pollinator. Early Renklode begins to bear fruit at 3-4 years. Plum survives frosty winters favorably, which influenced its distribution. Summer residents-gardeners love and appreciate Renclaude early for a bountiful, annual harvest.

Renclode is a sweet variety of plum. Large fruits ripen in mid-July, weight about 55 g, spherical appearance. The color of the skin and pulp is identical, it is a yellow-green color, while green predominates in the skin, and yellow in the pulp. The typical plum haze is present, giving a greyish bloom. Sometimes the sun leaves pink-gold barrels on the fruit. The skin is dense, but pleasant. Plum is fleshy, juicy and sugar, with a honey aftertaste. The aroma is unobtrusive, but pronounced.

Early

The plant is medium-tall, the crown is spreading, not dense, fan-shaped. The leaves are neat, light green in color, matte. Fast-growing - created by breeders in the Moscow region. Pollen during flowering is sterile, for the ovary you need a "donor" of pollen, for example "Red ball" or "Cherry plum hybrid". The plum is resistant to severe frosts and easily tolerates winter with a temperature of -40⁰С. The fruit tree is not afraid of spring frosts and summer droughts. The early-fruiting variety is a fruitful variety, gives about 12 kg per tree, but it must be borne in mind that once every 3-4 years this figure falls and a bad year happens.

Harvest is ready for harvest in July or early August. The fruits of the Fast-fruited are small, the maximum weight is 25 g, but at the same time the branches will be abundantly strewn with fruits, the yield characteristic is generous. Red plum with a brick shade, the skin is dense, resembles an eggshell. But also on one tree there can be ripe plums of yellow, lime, pink, orange and all their shades. Plum haze is present with a thin bloom and does not particularly change color. The pulp is always the color of yolk, juicy, the taste is nectar-sweet with sourness. This variety is well suited for preparing compotes and desserts.

Favorite from Mliev

The tree is low, the bush seems to be compressed and has a spherical shape. The branches are plump, dark with a grayish tinge, the buds are large. The leaves are large, oblong-oval, rich green. The creator of the Favorite from Mliev is the breeder V.F. Laskavy, who considered her the most interesting of all. Favorite from Mliev is self-fertile and, accordingly, pollinators are needed, Renklod Ulensa or Chachakskaya early will do.

The fruit is ready to harvest and ripens in the last days of July - early August. The plum is extremely large, weighing 60-70 g, some can reach 90 g. The shape is oval with a pointed tip and a pronounced ventral joint. The skin is thin, lime-yellow, the smoky coating is almost imperceptible. The more sun hits the fruit, the more yellow it becomes.The pulp is yolk-colored, has a fibrous structure, juicy, honey and very pleasantly fragrant. Effortlessly moves away from the bone. After ripening, plums do not fall off for a long time, this is a plus. But the disadvantage is that this fruit tree is susceptible to disease and attack by pests, therefore it requires additional care.

Nenka

The tree is undersized, the crown is small, spherical. Leaves are standard size, round ovoid in shape, green, matte. Abundant flowering, white flowers. Plum is unpretentious to care for, easily tolerates both strong arid heat and frosty winters with a cold off-season. Nenka is self-pollinated, which is also an advantage. Fruiting of a seedling occurs in 3 years. Average annual yield per plant is 50 kg.

The fruits are ready for consumption early, at the very beginning of August, sometimes at the end of July. The fruits are large, weighing up to 70 g. The shape of the plum is oval, not a deepened seam is visible. The skin is soft, thin, has a beet-purple color, plum (prune, waxy) bloom is very intense, gives a blue tone. Curry-colored pulp, juicy, soft, gristly. The bone will get off effortlessly. The variety is versatile in use, has a pleasant appearance for implementation.

Aprimira

Another name of the variety is Apricot cherry plum (selection of apricot and cherry plum). The tree is short, with an average height of 1.5 m, and grows quickly. The plant is partially self-pollinated, that is, varieties blooming in the same period, this is the second half of April, are suitable for a good harvest. Fruiting early, the first harvest will ripen in 2 years. Aprimira tolerates frosts well, a high frost resistance zone 5 (St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, etc.), does not like drought, regular watering is required. The yield is high.

The fruit ripens in the second half of July. The plum is large, the mass reaches 50 g. The shape is round, narrowed at the stalk, ovoid. The skin is thin, pleasant to the taste, the color is green-yellow, sometimes there are purple "freckles", the prune bloom is weak. The pulp is pale yellow, juicy, sweet, firm. Apricot is clearly felt in the aftertaste and aroma. In addition to taste, the advantage of the variety will be that even after overripe, the fruits do not crumble or crack. They tolerate transportation well.

Mid-season varieties

Plum varieties of this group ripen mainly in August, more often in the second half of it. The difference will be not only the ripening period, but also the size of the fruits. Mid-ripening fruits are larger, while the taste is not inferior to July fruits, and sometimes even superior. It is for this reason that plums of this group are used to make a wonderful, aromatic and tasty wine. Below is a description of the brightest representatives of mid-season varieties - according to experienced gardeners and breeders.

Immune

The tree is medium-sized with spreading branches forming a thin fan-shaped crown. Excellent winter hardiness, high yield. The variety was bred in Altai by crossing "Shiro" of American origin with the Ussuri plum. The breeding was carried out by V.S.Putovoy, candidate of agricultural sciences.

The plum ripens at the end of August. The fruits are not large, the average weight is 12 g, they have a yellow color, the shape is spherical, the abdominal suture is clearly visible. There is a pink barrel on the sunny side. The skin is thin, not bitter. The pulp is juicy, sweet, dense and also yellow in color. Breeders and gardeners appreciated the fruits of the Imunnaya. The variety is suitable for sale, eaten raw or processed. They make wonderful jams.

Kazan

The plant is medium-sized, thickened bush, ovoid. Leaves are broadly oval, dark green in color. Branches are brown with a raspberry tinge. The tree cannot self-pollinate; this requires "helpers" - Tatar yellow, Early ripening red, Superearly. The first crop can be harvested as early as 3 years. Winter-hardy and heat-resistant - even flower buds can easily tolerate low temperatures in the off-season. Plum yield is good, about 20 kg per plant.

Plums are ready to eat after August 15th. The fruit is large, the usual weight is 30 g, round in shape, slightly compressed at the base and stalk. The ventral joint is not very noticeable. The color is dark, red-beetroot, prune bloom is not intense, go down with a light haze. The skin is thin, the flesh is light yellow, moderately juicy, medium fiber, moderate sweetness. The use of fruits is universal.

Souvenir of the East

The plant is of medium height - 3-3.5 meters. The bush is sparse, the branches are spreading, the shape is spherical. Leaves are standard size, oblong-oval, matte green color. During the flowering period, in early spring, the plum is covered with small, beautiful flowers. The pollen is sterile, which means a pollinator is needed, any variety of Chinese plum will do. The souvenir of the East easily tolerates low temperatures, frost is not terrible for him, and even flower buds in spring. The variety gives a good harvest, the average harvest per season is 30 kg.

Plums ripen after August 10th. Fruits are medium in size, weight of one reaches about 45 g. In shape, the fruit is round, with a clearly visible ventral joint. Matured plums - color from orange-pink to dark burgundy, depending on the amount of sun exposure and the degree of ripeness. The flesh is saffron-colored, juicy, fragrant. The structure is fleshy, but slightly crispy. The taste is honey, there is a subtle sourness and a spicy aftertaste. These fruits are suitable for sale due to their attractiveness.

Common Hungarian

Trees 3 meters high have a very beautiful, dense crown, oval with a sharp tip - the crown forms a leaf shape. Shoots are brown - reddish in color. The plant is partially self-pollinated, which means it is capable of giving an ovary by itself, but for a bountiful harvest, other varieties can be planted as pollinators. The common Hungarian gives a harvest already for 3-4 years. The variety is winter-hardy and drought-resistant. Plum is famous for its yield, 30 kg can be removed from one plant annually.

Ripens after August 15th, towards the end of the month. Medium size, the weight of one fruit is 40 g. It is oval in shape, not symmetrical, since from the side of the seam one part is always larger than the other. The fruits are dark, purple in color with a smoky bluish, typically plum bloom, which gives a bluish hue, abundantly covers the plum, and turns black when dried. The pulp is elastic, juicy, gristly, saffron color. Effortlessly moves away from the bone, sweet and sour to the taste.

Renclaude Altana

The tree is tall, often exceeding 6 meters in height. The bush is spreading, loose, egg-shaped in appearance. It was bred a long time ago in the Czech Republic. The stalk will give the first fruits not soon, but only for 4-6 years. Leaves are oval, sharply narrowed to the tip, green color. The pollen from flowers is sterile; a pollinator is required for the ovary. Catherine, Kirke, Victoria are well suited. Medium frost and drought resistant. The yield is high and depends on the age of the tree, the older it is, the more yield it gives. So a tree for 7-8 years will give 40 kg of plums, and for twenty years up to 95 kg.

The fruits ripen in August. Plums are slightly larger than average, fruit weight up to 40 g. The shape is round, the tip is flat, if you look at the seam, which is clearly visible, the sides are equal. The color is light red, there is not an intense pruin dusting, which gives a blue. The flesh is honey-yellow in color with an ocher undertone; it can be separated from the stone without effort. The skin is very thin, the flesh is juicy, loose, slightly sinewy. The plum tastes like sugar, the skin is a little sour, if desired, it can be easily removed from the ripe fruit.

Kolkhoz renklode

Small fruit plant - height 3 meters. The bush is spreading, flat-round. The leaves are long with a sharp tip, rich green color, matte. The pollen is sterile, large-fruited blackthorn, Moscow Hungarian, Red Skorospelka are suitable as pollinators.It is a frost-resistant variety, and as practice shows, even a frozen tree restores the yield in a year. Plum of this variety was bred by I.V. Michurin in 1989 Obtained by selection of Ternoslum and Green Renklode.

Fruits ripen after August 15th. Fruits are medium, weight up to 25 g. The shape is spherical, flattened horizontally at the stalk. The ventral joint is not deep. The skin is thin, lime yellow in color. If the plant is exposed to sunlight, a pastel "ruddy" barrel of red-brown color is formed. Smoky, imperceptible pruning spraying. The pulp is pale green, velvety, juicy, of pleasant density. The taste is sugar, with a slight sourness. The use of plums is universal.

Plum Romain

The tree is undersized, the maximum height is 3 meters. The peculiarity of this variety is a red pigment, and it is present not only in the color of the plums themselves, but also in the leaves and branches. The crown is small, thin, forms a pyramid in shape. Based on the foregoing, it is clear that it will not be possible to collect a rich harvest, about 5 kg of plums from one plant. The variety was created by breeders in Ukraine. It tolerates low temperatures calmly, but not lower than -25⁰С. Such a fruit tree will delight not only with fruit, but also with its appearance - red foliage.
The harvest ripens in late August. The plum is small, weight 25 g. The shape is round, reminiscent of a heart. The skin is thin, red-purple color. Typical plum bloom, smoky, almost invisible. Pulp of saffron color, juicy, honey, has a pronounced almond aftertaste. Romaine is good in any form, raw or processed.

Yellow Hopts

The tree is undersized, with an average height of 2.5 meters. The bush is not thickened, spreading. Leaves are oval, ovoid, average length 10 cm, green color, there is a slight sheen. The variety was bred by the Russian breeder N. Tikhonov in the 30s of the twentieth century. Plum is self-fertile, any tree that coincides in flowering period can be a pollinator. Fruiting is quick, for 3 years after planting, the plant will delight the first plums. The yield is low, the average collection from one tree is 11-12 kg.

It ripens at the end of August, the first week of September. Fruits grow small, weight is maximum 20 g. The shape is round, the abdominal seam is practically invisible. The color is lemon yellow, there is a subtle plum haze of white. The pulp of the fruit is light yellow, transparent, finely fibrous, juicy; it is quickly and easily separated from the bone. The plum tastes like sugar with a unique taste and aroma. The only drawback is the skin, as its bitter taste is "not for everybody".

Ochakovskaya yellow

The tree is above average, with proper care it will reach 4 meters. The crown of the tree is lush, generously strewn with branches, the shoots of the tree are not thin, but hang down, creating a pyramidal shape. Plum leaves are oval-round, deep green in color, have a matte color. The flowers are large, white, fleecy. The tree is self-fruitless, suitable for the role of a pollinator: Winter red, Thorny Renklod, Volzhsky ternosliv. Ochakovskaya yellow is not resistant to frost, loves warmth, so the tree grows better in southern latitudes. The grafted tree begins to bear fruit early - for 3 years. The yield is good, the harvest from the tree is from 45 to 75 kg.

It ripens after August 15th. Ochakovskaya yellow - a variety of small plums, fruit weight 30 g, average 18-20 g. Interesting rounded shape with a so-called "neck", at the stalk the plum narrows and takes on a teardrop shape. The skin color is bright yellow, with "freckles" and a light, almost transparent, typical plum bloom. Saffron-colored pulp, juicy, honey - amazingly tasty fruits.

Late plum varieties

This group includes plums that ripen in September. Late varieties of plums are economical in the price category, and no less tasty. It is from these fruits that preparations for the winter are usually made.A distinctive feature of this group of plums is good frost resistance, but depending on the variety, increased attention should be paid to plants in the northern regions and the middle lane. Sometimes too late or too early frost can leave the grower without a crop.

The president

The tree is medium-sized, - height 3-3.5 meters. The crown is not dense, new shoots grow mainly vertically. The shape of the bushes is round, elongated. The leaves are large, oval-round, juicy green, not drooping. The variety is completely self-pollinated, however, if there are some other types of plums in the garden, the yield can be increased. Hence the run-up in figures, the collection from one tree ranges from 35 to 70 kg. In any case, the President gives a good harvest. Also tolerates frost, even during the period of flower buds. Fruiting begins at 5-6 years.

The ripening period depends on the area of ​​growth. Usually this is the second half of September, but in server latitudes it may be the first days of October. Plum weight 43-60 g. The shape is round-elongated, with a clearly visible seam. A medium-deep, wide fossa is visible at the base. The skin is thin, the color is dark burgundy with a haze giving blue. The pulp is lime yellow, uniform throughout the cut, juicy, sweet and sour. The fruits are attractive. The variety is used commercially as it is well transported.

Top Hit

The trees of this variety are medium-sized, the bush is sparse, decomposed and forms a pyramidal shape. Plum very quickly begins to produce a harvest - for 3 years, which is important, the yield is high, constant. The variety was created by German botanists by combining "President" and "Chachakskaya Nabolia". The plant adapts well to the climate and the composition of the soil in which it grows.

Fruits ripen late, the last days of September or the very beginning of October. Plums of this variety are one of the largest, with an average weight of 100 g. The shape is oval, elongated. The skin is soft, dark blue color. The prune bloom is intense, giving the fruit the color of the night sky. The pulp is lime yellow, transparent, easily lagging behind the stone. The taste of the plum is moderately juicy, sugar, with a delicate sourness, gristly.

Grossa Di Felicio

The plant is tall, the origin is not known for certain. Other varieties of pollen are required for fruit set. The President or Sugar will work well.
The harvest ripens in mid-September. The fruits are very large, the average weight of one plum is 70-80 g. The shape of an elongated oval, strongly narrowed at the base and peduncle, with a clearly visible abdominal suture. The color is beet brown with a thick waxy bloom. The pulp is greenish with a yellow tinge, sinewy, not very juicy, mushy. Medium in taste, moderate sweetness.

Enchantress

A tree of medium growth, height 3-4 meters. The crown is spreading, slightly thickened, oval in shape. Plum perfectly tolerates severe frosts and shows itself well in arid conditions. Gardeners note disease resistance in this variety. Fruiting is not the earliest, the first fruits are in 4-5 years. The plant is self-fertile, pollinators are Stenley, Anna Shpet or Melitopol plum.
The crop ripens late, in the first half of September. The fruits are large, about 50 g. The shape of the plum is spherical, the seam is invisible. The color is dark pink with a brown tint. Plum smoky bloom is clearly visible and gives a blue tint. The bone is easily separated. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour, soft, pleasant. Plums have a pleasant, intense aroma.

Hungarian italian

The plant is short, on average up to 3.5 m, rarely reaches 4 m in height. The crown is medium thickened, rounded, 5 - 6 m wide. Where and how the variety appeared is unknown. In the twentieth century, the variety began to spread in northern Italy. At the same time, it tolerates winter and frosts well, but problems with drought. The variety requires abundant watering and air humidity, so it feels better in the southern regions near the sea.Fruiting not earlier, only for 4 years the plant will delight with fruit. Plum of this variety is self-fertile, but cross-pollination will only improve the quality and quantity of fruits. The yield is high, an adult plant gives up to 55 kg. However, this indicator depends on the climate in which the Italian Hungarian grows, for example, off the coast of the Black Sea, in Crimea, more than 200 kg of plums have been collected from one tree for ten years. But this is more an exceptional case than the norm.

Fruits ripen from the first half of September, large in size and weight, on average 35 to 45 g, depending on the climate. The shape is spherical, the abdominal suture is visible but not deep. The skin is very thin, translucent, the color is a mixture of purple, brown, red and a little yellow colors. The wax bloom is intense, bluish. The pulp easily leaves the stone and has an orange-yellow color. The plum tastes juicy, sweet, medium fiber pulp. A feature of the variety, like all representatives of the Hungarian, is that prunes are made from this plum. Not every plum, after drying, will be tasty and suitable for consumption. But the varieties of this group have a sufficient amount of pectins and sugars for such processing.

Joy

The plant of this type of plum is undersized, with favorable cultivation, it is medium in size. In terms of ripening of the plum, it is late-ripening, the harvest is harvested not earlier than the end of August, if the climate or weather is not sunny, cool, the period is postponed to the beginning of September. The variety easily tolerates winters and is well suited for Central Russia.
The fruits are large, the weight of one plum is up to 40 g. The fruits are round, the skin is thin, the color is dark, red-pink. The pulp is juicy, soft, aromatic. Fibrillation is present. The use of fruits is universal.

Crescent

The tree is tall, vigorous, reaching 6 meters in height. Shoots and branches are not long, of medium density, form an oval crown. Leaves are oval, elongated, green, matte. There is no need for pollinators, since the variety is self-pollinated. The yield is high.
The fruits ripen in the last decade of August, and the harvest begins in early September. Fruits are not large, round, average diameter 3 cm, weight 50 g. Plum is bright yellow, one barrel has a deep raspberry-pink color. The skin is thin, the waxy coating is dense, intense. Taste qualities are high, the pulp is juicy, fleshy, sweet. Aftertaste and aroma of apricot prevail. It can be consumed and used fresh or processed.

Plum varieties are numerous and varied, these fruits are tasty and healthy. Thanks to this choice, everyone can choose for themselves the most suitable plum variety that will meet all the requirements.

Plum is a fruit crop, a place for which every amateur gardener finds on his personal plot. If you choose the right variety, plums can be grown in most regions of Russia. Breeders have created a large number of winter-hardy varieties and hybrids, zoned for the conditions of a long frosty winter. This fruit crop is relatively fast-growing, which means that a few years after planting, you can count on the first significant harvest.

A variety of varieties with fruits of various colors and ripening periods, unpretentious care, make the plum one of the most common crops in amateur and industrial gardens. For the middle lane, it is preferable to choose plum varieties with early and medium-early ripening, so that the peak of fruiting ends before the first frost.

The content of the article:

• 7 best varieties of plums
• Early plum varieties
• Mid-season varieties
• Late plum varieties
• Yellow plum varieties
• Chinese plum
• Other varieties of plum
• How to choose the right plum sapling?
• Basic requirements for seedlings
• Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings
• conclusions

7 best varieties of plums

These varieties are distinguished by increased resistance to diseases and pests, good winter hardiness and dessert fruit taste.

1. Fast-growing. An early variety, ripening by 1-2 decades of August, has exceptional frost resistance. The variety is not affected by fruit rot, has increased resistance to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops. Fruits of a reddish hue with yellow sweet pulp weighing up to 30 g. Plum of this variety tolerates drought, during the period of lack of moisture neither growth nor fruiting suffer.

2. Yakhontovaya. Plum of this variety has excellent frost resistance and resistance to insect pests and diseases of fruit crops. Fruits of yellow color have a light waxy bloom, a pronounced sweet and sour taste, reach a mass of 30 g. Plum of the Yakhontovaya variety is drought-resistant, for 3 years after planting, 50 kg of fruits can be harvested from the tree.

3. Tula black. The variety is characterized by a high level of immunity to major diseases and pests of stone fruit crops, taste and frost resistance are somewhat lower than those of previous crops. The main purpose of the dark blue fruits of sweet and sour taste is to use for preparations, preparation of dried fruits. The fruit ripens in mid-September.

4. Chinese. A winter-hardy variety of medium early ripening (mid-September) has a high immunity to pests and diseases of fruit trees. The variety has large, red fruits weighing up to 70 g with a delicate sweet taste.

5. Blue gift. The sweet fruits of this variety weigh a little - only 15 g. They ripen in 1-2 ten days of August, the tree is frost-resistant, rarely exposed to diseases.

6. Giant. Delicate fruits of this variety correspond to the name - they reach a weight of 110 g, have a pleasant taste, sweet without cloying. Trees of this variety are not resistant to fungal diseases, winter hardiness is low.

7. Stanley. An old variety of American selection, popular today. Located in the state register of the Russian Federation, it is recommended for cultivation in the south of Russia. Medium-sized trees reach a height of 3 m and have a sparse crown. Large and very large fruits of dark purple and green color are covered with a waxy coating. The pulp of this type of plum is sweet, dense and aromatic, the stone is separated. The purpose of the variety is to use it as a dessert, for drying for future use, for homemade preparations.

All of the above varieties of plum are distinguished by their early maturity (getting the first harvest from the third year of life), good yield. They are used as a dessert or raw material for preparations: preparation of compote, jam, jam, pastilles, etc. Plums of these varieties are transportable, that is, they are suitable for transportation over long distances.

Early Yakhontova Tula black Chinese Blue gift Giant Stanley

Early plum varieties

Early ripening varieties are attractive for commercial use of the crop, as the crop can be sold profitably.

• July. Plums of this variety are used as a dessert and for preparations. The ripening period of red fruits with yellow and sweet pulp is the end of July. The yield is 12 kg per tree, the first harvest is taken already at the 3rd year of the tree's life. The average weight of ovoid fruits is 30 g. The tree has an average height, average foliage, shoots take an arched shape. Plum of this variety prefers abundant sunlight throughout the day and moderate soil moisture.

• Zarechnaya early. The ripening period for large blue fruits of this variety is mid-July. The pulp of the fruit is yellow, has a pleasant sour taste, the plums are covered with a waxy coating. The tree of the Zarechnaya early variety bears fruit regularly, from 3-4 years of age, the average yield is 15 kg per tree. The purpose of the fruits is to be used as raw materials for blanks.

• Fast-growing. The variety has increased winter hardiness, the fruit ripening period is late July-early August.Small fruits with red skin are transportable, have aromatic juicy pulp. The yield of the variety is 10 kg per tree, the Skoroplodnaya plum begins to bear fruit at the 4th year of life. The purpose of the fruit is to be used as a dessert.

July Zarechnaya early Early

Mid-season varieties

Plums of medium ripening always find their connoisseurs among gardeners, as they have a bright color and rich taste. Fragrant fruits are most often used for harvesting and home winemaking.

• Souvenir of the East. The table variety obtained as a result of selection work is characterized by a high yield (up to 40 kg per tree) and large, beautiful fruits with crispy, sweet pulp. The crown of the tree is low, located at a height of no more than 2.5 m. The color of large fruits is dark blue, weight - up to 40 g, the color of the pulp is yellow. The purpose of the crop is to use it as a dessert, technical processing.

• Romain. Used in amateur gardens, ripens in the 2nd decade of August. The variety is distinguished by regular fruiting, has a reddish foliage. High quality fruits of medium size (up to 25 g), have a red skin and the same color flesh. Used for dessert and for processing for the winter.

Late plum varieties

Most often they are used for conservation and preparation for the winter in the form of dried fruits, they have good frost resistance. Gardeners of the middle lane and northern regions should be selective in choosing late-ripening varieties, since they can lose most of the harvest due to early September frosts.

• The president. The ripening period is mid-September, the tree of this variety is extremely productive, with good care you can get from 40 to 70 kg of large blue fruits with juicy yellow pulp. The purpose of the fruits is universal, suitable for obtaining prunes, long-term storage and transportation.

• Empress The tree of this variety is tall, up to 4 m in height, ripening period is 2-3 decades of September. Plum of this variety begins to bear fruit at 4-5 years of age. It gives about 20 kg of dark purple large fruits with yellow and juicy pulp (up to 50 g). Purpose - processing and procurement.

Yellow plum varieties

Plum of yellow varieties resembles cherry plum in color, but these two crops are radically different from each other, both in taste and in appearance.

• Egg. The tree of this variety perfectly adapts to unfavorable weather conditions. Large, round fruits of mediocre taste ripen in late August and early September. They cannot be stored for a long time, they deteriorate already 4-5 days after collection. The beginning of fruiting occurs at the 6th year of the tree's life. The purpose of the fruit is processing for canning.

• Altai Jubilee. It takes root equally well both in the south and in the northern regions. The early ripening variety has small yellow-red fruits with juicy, friable flesh. The beginning of fruiting is 3 years of the tree's life. It is susceptible to chlorosis and pest attacks. Plum of this variety is not transportable over a long distance.

• Honey white. The taste of the fruit is true to the name, its pulp is juicy and sweet. Tall tree (up to 5 m), early ripening, round, medium-sized fruits. The variety has a high yield, winter hardiness.

Egg Altai Jubilee Honey white

Chinese plum

This culture is a rarity in our gardens. Its fruits are attractive and delicious. The Chinese inhabitant is environmentally friendly, more frost-resistant, early in fruiting. This type of plum is characterized by an unusual flowering: the crown is covered with a dense ball of inflorescences, making the landscape spectacular and unique. The flowering period occurs in rainy, cool weather, so flowers that are not able to self-pollinate do not receive the help of insects. To solve this problem, cherry plum should be planted next to the Chinese plum, it is a reliable pollinator.The fruits of the plant are red or yellow, heart-shaped. The pulp is juicy, with an adherent bone and a special taste.

Sorts of Chinese plum: "Red ball", "Skoroplodnaya", "Red meat", "Golden ball", "Jubilee", "Seedian Shiro". The Golden Ball tastes like pineapple.

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Other varieties of plum

The wide range of plum varieties offered by breeders allows the selection of seedlings for different climatic conditions.

• Top hit - a late-ripening variety with large egg-shaped fruits (up to 80 g) with tasty pulp with a slight sourness.

• General's - a frost-resistant variety for technical purposes, has small red fruits with soft pulp, making them non-transportable. Low-growing trees are frost-hardy, they are distinguished by abundant flowering at the end of May.

• Morning - the variety has medium-sized green-yellow fruits with yellow juicy pulp.

• Nenka - a high-yielding and frost-resistant variety with medium-sized fruits (up to 22 g). The tree is medium-sized, the crown has a wide pyramidal shape.

• Alyonushka - the variety is derived from the Chinese plum, so the leaves of the tree with a spherical crown are similar to the leaves of a peach. Sweet large fruits of dark pink color have an inseparable pit.

• Chemalskaya large - a fast-growing variety, yields a harvest for 3-4 years, frost-resistant, needs pollinating varieties. Both the buds and the wood are frost-resistant, the tree needs sufficient watering.

• Spike-shaped blue suite - a high-yielding mid-season variety with juicy and sweet fruits weighing up to 60 g. The crown of the tree is compact.

• Red ball - a dessert variety of large-fruited plum with rounded red fruits with a juicy, light yellow pulp. The tree is medium-sized, up to 2.5 m tall, the fruits are transportable.

• Eurasia 21 - a tall tree with red-burgundy juicy and sweet-sour fruits with a waxy bloom. Fruit weight up to 35 g.

• Tula black (Bryansk late) - a high-yielding, self-fertile variety with an average ripening period. It has medium frost resistance, dark blue oval fruits with reddish flesh.

• Blue gift - mid-season, self-fertile, high-yielding variety. Large fruits have excellent taste, dark purple color.

• Early ripening red - early ripening self-fertile variety of folk selection ripens in August. Oval fruits with sweet firm flesh are purple in color.

• Oh yeah - an unpretentious early ripening variety, even on loamy soil, gives high yields. Requires the introduction of a large amount of organic matter and sufficient watering. The stunted tree is annually strewn with purple fruits with a fleshy sweet and sour pulp.

• Kuban legend - a medium-sized tree has a pyramidal crown. Egg-shaped red-violet fruits with green flesh reach a weight of 35 g.

• Vicana - the variety is zoned for the northwestern regions. A stunted tree has a thin weeping crown. The mass of oval burgundy fruits reaches 25 g, their stone is easily separated from the pulp. Plum is suitable for both dessert and canning.

• Valor - mid-season variety of Canadian selection. Large egg-shaped blue fruits with juicy greenish-creamy flesh reach a mass of 50 g.

• Memory of Timiryazev - a medium-sized tree with a weeping crown has oval juicy fruits with yellowish pulp. Plum stone with lilac skin is easily separated from the pulp.

• Hungarian - a transportable variety intended for the production of prunes. The dark red oval fruits have a sugary firm flesh with a sweet taste. The bone is easily detached.

• Mirabel - plums of this variety are similar to cherry plums, but unlike it they have a sweet pulp and an easily detachable stone. Small fruits are oval in shape with pointed ends.

• Ternoslum - a low-growing tree with excellent adaptability to various growing conditions. The variety is unpretentious to care, has a high yield, its purpose is conservation.

• Damascene - has oval fruits of various colors (white, black, blue, yellow).

• Canadian plum - the variety is self-fertile, needs additional pollination, due to early flowering it is not afraid of spring frosts.

• Burbank Giant - a frost-resistant diploid variety with large fruits of excellent taste. Resistant to monoliosis.

• Kabardinka - the variety was created by breeders of the Stavropol Territory and Kabardino-Balkaria. Mid-season, ripens in mid-August. Spherical fruits have a very tasty pulp, reaching a mass of 45 g.

• Angelina - the variety is characterized by a powerful crown that needs to be shaped to accelerate fruiting. Plums of this variety are early-growing, begin to yield the harvest 3 years after planting. The fruits are similar to those of cherry plum.

• Masha - medium-sized tree of early ripening. Dark pink fruits with yellow flesh have an excellent dessert taste.

Top hit General's Morning Nenka Alyonushka Chemalskaya Spike-shaped blue suite Red ball Eurasia 21 Tula black Blue gift Early ripening red Oh yeah Kuban legend Vicana Valor Memory of Timiryazev Hungarian Mirabel Ternoslum Damascene Canadian plum Burbank Kabardinka Angelina Masha

How to choose the right plum sapling?

The first step towards future high yields is choosing a healthy seedling, prepared for sale and transportation according to all the rules. It is best to purchase young plum trees from nurseries where they are cultivated by professionals.

The initial examination of a plum sapling is an assessment of the condition of the bark and kidneys. The bark should not be damaged, and the buds should be slightly swollen and greenish when purchased in spring. Dry, dry buds are a sign of death or freezing of the tree.

Basic requirements for seedlings

A plum seedling suitable for planting can be annual or biennial. An annual seedling has a thin, even trunk without branches. A two-year-old seedling is a trunk (at least 2.5 cm in diameter) with 3-4 branches - the rudiments of skeletal branches 50-60 cm long. Both those and others take root well in a new place, although two-year-olds begin to bear fruit faster. Three-year-old plum seedlings are more sensitive to replanting.

When choosing a seedling, special attention should be paid to the health of the roots. The root system should be fibrous, with a central root and many branches and thin roots.

Rules for the transportation and storage of seedlings

Optimal terms for purchasing and planting plums in the middle lane:

• End of March - beginning of April;

• End of September - beginning of October.

For the south of Russia, these terms are shifted by 2-3 weeks forward (in spring) or backward (in autumn).

Seedlings with a closed root system take root best. A reliable seller will make sure to cover the roots of the seedling with a clay mash before selling it to protect it from drying out and damage during transportation. If the root system is not protected, and the seedlings need to be transported, their roots are wrapped in a damp cloth, grass, straw. If the root system is dry, there is a risk of death of the seedling.

conclusions

A large assortment of zoned plum varieties, suitable for growing in most regions, allows you to purchase planting material to your liking. The choice of a high-quality seedling with the expected characteristics, proper planting and care will certainly reveal the possibilities of the variety, help to get a good harvest.

The author of the article: Alexey Kuzmin, expert agronomist, especially for the site

Plums are one of the most delicious and healthy fruits. They are used not only fresh, but also in the preparation of culinary dishes, as well as in preparations for the winter.

Dried plums or prunes - a valuable low-calorie product, which has healing properties due to its high content of vitamins and other nutrients, especially potassium.

What plum is better to make prunes?

Plums for making prunes must meet certain requirements:

• the percentage of dry matter is about 20%;
• the concentration of sugars in fruits - from 12%;
• moisture and acid content - up to 1%;
• fruit weight - from 30 to 40 g;
• skin color - dark blue;
• the fruits have a dense intact skin, covered with a waxy coating, the stone is small.

What varieties of plums are suitable for making prunes?

Varieties such as Mirabelle, early blue, apricot and some others do not dry, since good prunes will not work out of them.

Hungarian

Hungarian is one of the most popular and common varieties of plum for prunes. Its fruits have excellent taste, high sugar content and ideal for drying.

Some varieties of Hungarian:

1. B. Italian - self-fertile (does not require planting near the pollinator variety) mid-season variety. It is cultivated mainly in the southern regions, as it can freeze out at low temperatures. The trees are not tall, up to 5 m high, the crown diameter does not exceed 6 m. Begins to bear fruit in 4 or 5 years, the average yield is 50 kg of plums. Average weight of fruits - 35 g. Does not tolerate drought.
2. B. home - late variety, demanding on heat. It is characterized by rapid growth, the average height is 6.5 m. Fruiting begins from 7–8 years of cultivation. At the age of 20, with optimal care, the maximum tree yield reaches 150 kg. Fruit weight - about 20 g.
3. V. Wangenheim - an early variety, resistant to frost and diseases, can grow on insufficiently fertile soil. To increase the yield, it is recommended to carry out re-pollination of inflorescences. Already in the 6th year of cultivation, the seedling yields 15 kg of yield; upon reaching 10 years of age and older, its average yield is 60 kg. Fruit weight is about 30 g.
4. V. korneevskaya - self-fertile mid-season variety, withstands frost and drought well. Begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Purple fruits weighing up to 35 g. Trees give bountiful harvests: already at the age of 6 they can reach 30 kg.

Renklod Karbyshev

Early high-yielding variety, the weight of the fruit is about 40 g. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. The crown of the tree is dense and requires regular pruning.

Adyghe prunes

Medium late self-fertile variety with abundant but periodic fruiting. Resistant to frost, drought, fungal diseases. The average fruit weight is 40 g.

Blue bird

Mid-season with abundant and regular fruiting... The first fruits appear as early as 2-3 years of growing the seedling. The average weight of the fruits is 45 g, they have excellent taste and an easily detachable stone.

The trees are self-fertile, resistant to cold and disease.

For drying on prunes, good varieties will be Blue Bird, Renklod Karbysheva, Raisin-Eric

Raisin-eric

Crimean medium late plum variety... Trees require planting near pollinating varieties. They bring abundant harvests, at the age of 20 - from 115 kg. Fruiting begins from the 7th - 8th year from the moment of planting.

The size of the fruits is small, the shape is elongated pear-shaped, the average weight is 9.5 g. The trees are resistant to drought, grow better on fertile moisture-permeable soil.

How to properly dry prunes

Prunes are prepared from well-ripe fruits.that have accumulated a maximum of sugar and nutrients. Fruits that have fallen from a tree have the optimum degree of ripeness.

When selecting for drying, rotten, wormy, damaged plums should be rejected.

The most suitable for collection and subsequent drying are fruits with slightly wrinkled skin, containing a minimum of water. You can achieve such a state of falling plums by stopping watering the trees in advance (about 30 days before the harvest ripens).

The process of preparing prunes has its own characteristics.... It is impossible to achieve the required product quality by drying plums alone.

In this case, the fruits will lose their juice, their pulp will acquire excessive rigidity, and the skin will not be black, but brown.

To obtain prunes, special preparation of berries is required.

To obtain the required product special preparation of berries is required, its stages:

1. Drying drains are stored in basketslocated on the territory of covered areas. The maximum number of fruits placed in them should not exceed 16 kg. In this form, the fruit can be stored for up to 3 days in order to avoid spoilage of the plum due to fermentation processes.
2. Before starting drying the fruits are washed thoroughly until the water obtained after rinsing them is absolutely clear.
3. Then plum is sorted, separating large from small, with the subsequent rejection of berries that are not suitable for drying.
4. Selected fruits once again washed and blanched in hot water... This softens their tissues, removes the air contained in them and leads to the expansion of the drain cells. In the process of blanching, oxidizing elements are destroyed with almost complete preservation of vitamins and other valuable substances.
5. To remove wax deposits from the surface of berries they are lowered for 15-20 seconds in 1% solution of caustic soda... At home, it is difficult to completely wash off the remnants of soda from the fruit, so it is better to replace it with potash.
6. Cooling drains, while many cracks form on their surface. They provide a slow release of moisture from the fruit, preventing the skin from bursting with a rapid loss of all juice, which will exclude the receipt of real prunes.

How prunes are made:

Preparing fruits for drying will not give the desired result if you do not adhere to the special rules for performing this process. It is not as simple as it might seem.

For this purpose, in a production environment, use multi-deck drying cabinets or tunnel (duct) dryers.

Initially, the fruits wilt slightly at 40-50 ° C for 3-5 hours so that they do not burst. Then the temperature is raised and drying is continued until the dried fruit acquires the required condition.

At this stage, biochemical processes take place in the tissues of the fruit, ensuring the acquisition of its characteristic taste qualities by the prune.

For the production of prunes in production conditions, multi-tiered drying cabinets or tunnel (channel) dryers are used.

Drying plums at home

When making prunes yourself the rules for preparing and drying plums should be followed as much as possible.

In the absence of special drying equipment, you can use a conventional oven or dry the fruit in the open air.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways:

1. Spread the fruit evenly in one layer on plywood sheets or other suitable surface located in direct sunlight... Plums must be turned over from one side to the other to avoid mold growth. After 5 days of drying in the sun, the fruits are transferred to the shade for final drying.
2. In ovens the first 4 hours, the berries filled with juice are kept at 45 ° C, then the heat is turned off to cool the fruits for 4 hours. In a next drying step of the same duration, the temperature is raised to 60 ° C, followed by cooling. The third stage lasts from 8 to 10 hours. The drying temperature during it rises to 75 ° C. When 3-5 minutes remain until the end of the process, you can raise the temperature to 100 ° C to give the dried fruit a beautiful shine.

At home, you can dry plums in two ways: in ovens and in direct sunlight.

The prunes that have reached readiness have a soft structure, their tissues contain a certain amount of juice, which ensures their elasticity. But at the same time, moisture does not come out of the dried fruit even when it is squeezed with considerable force.

Possessing a wonderful taste and a large amount of useful substances, in particular monosaccharides, this product is indispensable in dietary and daily nutrition.

It is used as an ingredient in various culinary dishes, for making sweets and confectionery.

Eating prunes inhibits the growth of bacteria and can be used to prevent tooth decay and inflammatory gum disease.

It improves the functioning of the digestive tract, normalizes blood pressure, strengthens the nervous system.

How to cook prunes at home:

Plum is one of the most useful and delicious fruits, which contains a large amount of vitamins B, C, E, P, as well as trace elements - magnesium, potassium, calcium, iodine, zinc, manganese. And they are also very beautiful trees, the care of which is not very demanding.

And the taste of plums can be very different - sour, sweet and sour, sweet, tart and soft. If you plan to grow such a tree in your garden, first of all you need to figure out what varieties of plums are, which are suitable for central Russia or for growing in Ukraine, or in another country with a southern or temperate climate.

In this article, you will find a detailed description of the best varieties of plums from which you can choose the right ones.

A little about classification

The principles for classifying these fruit trees are very extensive and include the following characteristics:

1. Suitability for food. There are varieties that are considered edible, conditionally edible, and there are also exclusively decorative ones. This point must be clarified by the photo with the name and description before choosing a variety of plums for growing on your site.
2. Taste qualities. Here you need to understand that there are varieties, the fruits of which are eaten fresh, and there are - exclusively culinary, that is, for the preparation of preservation (jam, jam, compote, wine, dessert). But among all the selection, you can pick up a universal option, which will be more acceptable when it comes to growing in your own garden.
3. Ripening terms... Depending on the characteristics of the climatic zone, as well as personal household habits and the availability of free time in a particular season, you can choose early, mid-season and late varieties of plums. There are even frost-resistant species.
4. Color, size, fertility. Here it is already a matter of personal taste for everyone, since you can choose red, blue, yellow varieties of plums, with large and small fruits, with an abundant or not very large harvest - who likes which more.

Only after having dealt with all these criteria and having determined for yourself the priority characteristics of the tree, you can begin to familiarize yourself with the names, photos and descriptions of plum varieties.

Early

All early varieties bear fruit in July and early August. The best according to breeders and gardeners can be found in the description below.

July

The tree has an average height and medium foliage, grows well in areas with abundant sunlight on moderately moist soils. When planting, you can expect from 3 years of cultivation for a yield of 12 kg per tree.

Red fruits with sweet yellow flesh ripen at the end of July. The average weight of the fruit is about 30 g, the shape is ovoid. The fruit is best suited for making desserts and preserving.

Zarechnaya early

This kind of plum has fruits with yellow pulp and a pleasant sour taste. There is a slight waxy coating on the surface of the fruit. Trees bear fruit regularly, giving off an average of 15 kg of plums per year, which ripen by mid-July. Zarechnaya early is best suited for harvesting conservation.

Early

This variety of plum is distinguished by its red fruits with juicy aromatic pulp. Ripening occurs from late July to mid-August. Productivity - average, from 4 years of growth is about 10 kg per tree. This variety is a dessert one.

Etude

The trees of this early variety are distinguished by a dense crown and medium height. Fruits are purple-red, oval in shape, have a thick waxy bloom. The pulp is juicy, dense, there is a slight sour taste.This variety is favorably distinguished by such qualities as frost resistance and good immunity to various diseases, the ability to store fruits for up to 2 months in a cool room, as well as a high yield - about 20 kg from one tree.

Peach

This is a medium-sized plant with a not very dense crown and large fruits weighing about 40-50 g. But there are also fruits weighing up to 70 g. The fruits are very beautiful - yellow-green, have a purple blush, dense, juicy pulp, sweet and sour taste. An early variety of Peach plum does not withstand low temperatures too well, therefore it will be acceptable, for example, for planting in the Crimea. But it is favorably distinguished by excellent immunity to diseases.

Candy

This variety belongs to the category of ultra-early. The trees reach a height of 3 meters, but at the same time they look quite compact. The fruits are medium in size, weighing about 40 g, have a thin burgundy skin and a bluish bloom. This is the sweetest plum with a honey-yellow pulp.

An excellent variety for planting in central Russia and Ukraine, as it firmly tolerates frosts up to 20 degrees and does not succumb to diseases familiar to plums.

Kseniya

This variety is versatile in terms of the use of fruits. The trees are quite low, the fruit is oval in shape and weighs about 40 g. The color is yellow with a red blush. The taste is juicy and sweet. Fruiting irregularly, but hibernates quite well.

Mid-season

Mid-season varieties ripen from 10 to 25 August.

Souvenir of the East

This is the result of artificial breeding, due to which a very high yield was achieved - an average of 40 kg per tree. The fruits are very large, have a crunchy, sweet pulp. Trees usually grow to a height of 2.5 meters and have a compact crown. Fruit color - dark blue, pulp - yellow, average weight - 40 g. Excellent as a dessert variety and for preservation.

Romain

The ripening time of the fruits is the 2nd decade of August. This variety bears fruit regularly. It looks very beautiful on the site, due to the decorative foliage of a red hue. Fruits are small, up to 25 g in weight. A good variety for preservation and as a dessert.

Bogatyrskaya

A self-fertile variety of plum, the trees of which are rather short. Fruits are medium in size, oval, slightly elongated, weighing 40 g, deep purple hue, with a waxy bloom. The taste is sweet and sour. Such plants are rarely affected by diseases, pests, do not freeze, and tolerate transportation.

Late

Late plum varieties are those whose fruits ripen from the third decade of August. In some species, this period can last up to October.

Empress

These are tall trees of 4 meters, the harvest from which is harvested from mid-September in the amount of about 20 kg. They begin to bear fruit only from 4-5 years of growth. The color of the fruit is dark purple, the fruit is large, on average 50 g. This variety is most suitable for technical processing and harvesting.

Anna Shpet

This species belongs to late maturing and very productive, with tall, durable trees. Fruits weighing 50 g, have an oval-ovoid shape with smooth sides, a dense skin of a red-violet hue.

There is a slight coating on the surface, the flesh is very firm and has a greenish color. Great for eating raw, for freezing, cooking dried fruits. It tolerates both low temperatures in winter and aridity in summer, but requires good care and prevention of diseases. Suitable plum variety for growing in central Russia.

Top hit

This variety stands out for large fruits up to 80-100 g, tasty juicy pulp with a slight acidity, good long-term storage. Harvested usually in the second decade of September.

The tree begins to bear fruit from 3-4 years after planting. The plant itself is very large and has a spreading crown. Fungal diseases and scabs are usually not affected.It tolerates winter staunchly, therefore it is excellent for growing in Ukraine.

The president

This variety is one of the oldest. It was known back in England in the 19th century. Fruits weigh from 40 to 70 g, uniform, round, can be stored for up to 2 weeks, if harvested a week before the final ripening.

But picking the fruit too early is not worth it, as in this case the pulp will be sour, tough and with a rather mediocre taste. The yield is high and increases as the tree matures:

• in a 6-8-year period, you can count on 15-20 kg;
• from 9 to 12 years of growth - by 25-40 kg;
• up to 70 kg from one older tree can be obtained if it is in good health.

The plum variety President is partially self-fertile, develops well in any climatic conditions. Suitable for raw consumption.

General's

This species is good to grow in the garden for the reason that it is not demanding on the composition of the soil. The main conditions for good growth are sufficient fertility and good loosening of the land. It is better to plant it in early spring.

The trees are compact in size, fruiting with bright orange plums with red barrels weighing 30 g from the 5th year of life, although some begin to bear fruit at the 3rd year.

Low temperatures tolerate well, but only adult and healthy plants. Young when planted in the fall may not survive. Productivity is high, shedding is low. The seeds are well separated from the fruit and are small in size. Great for making compotes, jams.

Yellow

Yellow plums look very beautiful in the garden. These are the varieties that most often receive positive reviews from novice and experienced gardeners.

Golden ball

A tall (up to 4 m) tree, the fruits of which have a rich yellow color of the peel and pulp, a pleasant sweet taste, about 60 g in weight and ripen in the first decade of August. The yield is at least 30 kg per tree, since the branches and the fruits themselves are closely located, and somewhat resemble the shoots of sea buckthorn. Of the minuses, we can note the lack of self-pollination and shedding of fruits.

Egg

This is a very old variety that has many disadvantages:

1. Fruits spoil quickly - already on the 5th day after collection.
2. Mediocre sour taste.
3. Clingstone.
4. The plant is often affected by fungal diseases.
5. Begins to bear fruit only from the age of 6.

Nevertheless, it is still grown, since the fruits are excellent for technical processing into marshmallows, compotes. The fruits themselves are medium in size and have a beautiful round shape, and the yield of this variety is 40 kg per tree.

Altai Jubilee

This plum variety is excellent for growing in central Russia, as well as in the south or in the northern regions. The fruits are yellow in color with a reddish tint, juicy loose flesh. The first appearance of the crop can be expected as early as 3 years of tree development. There are also disadvantages - susceptibility to chlorosis, pests, as well as intolerance to long-term transportation.

Honey white

These are very tall trees, up to 5 meters, which give a bountiful harvest and perfectly tolerate severe winters. The name speaks for itself - the fruits are medium-sized and the sweetest, the pulp is juicy. Plums ripen early.

Golden Large

This variety of plums is one of the most popular for cultivation in different climatic conditions, as it perfectly tolerates winter frosts and summer droughts. The palatability of the fruit was rated at 4.8 on a 5-point scale.

Features such as tenderness, juiciness of a pleasant sweet and sour pulp, which literally melts, are noted. The average weight of oval-shaped fruits is 40 g, the color is yellow, with tints of pink, there is a waxy pubescence, which, however, can be easily removed.

Ripening occurs in early October, the yield is about 26 kg per tree. The variety is acceptable for raw consumption and storage.

Yellow afasca

Bred in Bulgaria, but suitable for cultivation in Russia and Ukraine. You can see in the photo that the fruits are quite large, about 60-70 g, the color is yellow with a little green, the taste is sweet, dessert, but they are not stored for very long.

Another important advantage is that you can expect a harvest as early as 2 years of plant life. Winter hardiness, as well as a high immunity to sharka and other diseases of stone fruits are additional factors in favor of growing this variety. The tree itself does not pollinate; it is best to use the American Amers variety for this purpose.

Sweet and large

Giant

The name is fully justified by the peculiarities of the species. Fruits in weight reach 110 g, can have both purple and yellow, red tint. The taste is sweet, but not cloying, the flesh is tender. Begins to bear fruit as early as 2-3 years after planting seedlings.

The breed does not differ in winter hardiness and requires careful care, since both fungal diseases and damage to the plant by pests are possible. But all the investment of labor pays off with a bountiful harvest of excellent fruits that can be eaten raw and used for canning.

Kyrgyz excellent

The fruits of this variety are dark red or purple in color, sweetness and large size - 60-100 g. The trees are winter-hardy, give a bountiful harvest, bear fruit in July-August. The plants themselves have an average height, a medium thickened spherical crown.

Ballad

Another sweet variety of plum, however, does not differ in special size - the average mass of fruits of a round shape, red-violet hue is 30-40 g. The stone well departs from the dense, yellow-green pulp. The trees are self-fertile.

Crooman

This variety is medium-ripe. The assortment may include dark red, blue integumentary fruits with a waxy coating. At the same time, the pulp is yellow, sweet, dense, and there is a very small bone in it, which is well separated. This plum variety is resistant to the most common diseases of fruit trees.

Greengage

Very sweet, with hints of honey plum with a dense, juicy pulp. The stone is perfectly separated without any effort, the fruits can be green, blue, yellow, depending on the specific subspecies. The crop is stored for a long time, it is easy to transport. The average fertility of a 10-year-old tree is 25-30 kg. It goes well both as a dessert variety and for processing for conservation.

Other varieties of plums

1. Nenka. Medium-sized trees with a wide crown produce small fruits (on average 20 g), but in large quantities. The shape of the fruit is round. The variety is resistant even to severe frosts.
2. Volga beauty. Sweetish-sour fruits of a slightly oblong shape have a mass of 40 g and a moderately dense pulp. It is well preserved, the crop can be transported for a long time, it tolerates winter cold.
3. Red ball. Large-fruited dessert variety that looks very decorative on the site. Fruits are juicy, with light yellow pulp, transportable. The plant itself is compact - up to 2.5 m.
4. Oh yeah. An excellent option for any soil, including loamy. Productivity is excellent: a tree at the age of 10 years can give up to 80 kg of sweet and sour fruits. A low-growing species, for the development and intensive fruiting of which a sufficient amount of organic fertilizers and regular watering will be required.
5. Tula black. Self-fertile, high-yielding species with late maturity and average winter hardiness. Fruits are oval, medium-sized, dark blue with reddish flesh.
6. Crimean beauty. Medium-resistant plum variety, with a reddish-crimson color of small fruits - about 20 g. The stone is semi-detached. Ripens from late July to late early August. It grows slowly, but it is very resistant to any diseases of plums.

We hope that our review of the best varieties of yellow, red, sweet, large plums of different ripening periods helped you choose the optimal species for your site, and you will not be disappointed with either the fertility of the trees, or their health, or the complexity of care.

Plum variety "Prunes" immediately indicates what exactly can be grown on it, and then dried and consumed with great benefit for the body.Yes, this is the same prune that is stored for a long time and is used not only in compotes, but also in baked goods, in meat dishes and salads, giving them aroma and a unique sweet and sour taste.

However, under "Prune", some experts, basically, mean the so-called "thorny" - a fairly winter-hardy variety, suitable for obtaining dried fruits. It turned out as a result of natural crossing of blackthorn and cherry plum and is distinguished by high and regular productivity, winter hardiness, and drought resistance. Other data indicate that "Prune" was grown in 1937 at the Maikop experimental station of the VIR and is a hybrid of unknown parents. Introduced into the State Register in 1988 for the North Caucasus region. This variety is also called "Adyghe prune". About him, in fact, will be discussed.

Plum "Prune": variety description

The "Prune" has a vigorous tree, with an oval, sparsely leafy crown. The bark is smooth, light gray, thick skeletal branches branch off at an angle of 45 ° and 60 °. Leaves are medium, ovoid. The leaf blade is thick, leathery, corrugated, the bottom is green, with brown pubescence along the main vein. Flowers in the crown are evenly distributed, crowded one, two, less often three flowers from a bud. Petals are medium, white, slightly closed. "Prunes" usually bloom together with the blooming of the leaves.

The fruits of "Prune" are large - from 47 to 56 grams, have an even rounded or rounded-elongated shape. On the rounded top of the fruit, there is a punctate depression in the center, less often it is shifted towards the seam. The seam looks like a narrow dark stripe.

The color of the plums is blue-violet. The skin of the fruit is thick, rough, sour taste with bitterness. The peel does not separate well from the pulp. The pulp itself is greenish-yellow, juicy, grainy-fibrous, sweet. On a five-point tasting scale, the variety has an assessment of 4.0 points. The pulp is easily separated from the stone. The bone at "Prune" is also large - up to 18 grams and flat in shape. The fruits contain 11.98% sugars. When dried, the fruits give 22.3% yield of good prunes with a sugar content of 58.15%.

"Prune" is a medium-late ripening variety. The plum is self-fertile, bears fruit abundantly, but with partial periodicity. The variety is quite winter hardy and relatively resistant to fungal diseases.

The advantage of the variety is self-fertility, high yield, winter hardiness, drought resistance, good taste and visual appeal of the fruit, from which delicious dried fruits are obtained.

The disadvantages include late ripening of fruits, late variety and periodicity in fruiting.

Plum "Prune": planting and care

For planting "Prunes", like other stone fruit crops, well-lit sunny places, protected from cold winds, are most suitable. Planting can be done along fences, but from the sunny side. Distances for planting in row spacing are 3 m, and in a row - 2.5-3 m. Planting pits are prepared in autumn or early spring, 1-2 weeks before planting, 45-50 cm deep and 60-70 cm in diameter. Soil from the planting pit mix well with humus in a ratio of 2: 1. After planting, the root collar of the tree should be 3-5 cm above ground level. Recessed planting is unacceptable, as it can lead to poor growth and fruiting of the plum.

After planting, it must be borne in mind that the plum is more demanding for watering: drying out of the soil at the beginning of the formation of ovaries can lead to their massive loss. One of the main measures of care is regular - 4-5 times per summer - removal of root growth. If it is not removed in time, the mother plant is weakened and the yield of the bush decreases.