Self-fertile cherry varieties are the best

If you cannot boast of a large plot, then when choosing a cherry variety for yourself, you should focus not only on its characteristics (yield, fruit weight, taste, resistance to pests and diseases), but also on its self-fertility.

Self-fertility is the ability of trees to bear fruit without cross-pollination with other tree varieties. Self-fertile cherry varieties will have to be selected by those gardeners who own small plots and are not able to place several varieties blooming at the same time on them for mutual cross-pollination. Unfortunately, not so many varieties are capable of self-pollination.

We have selected the top 7 best self-fertile cherry varieties and ranked them in descending order of self-fertility (from the highest to the lowest value of this indicator). All these varieties will surely delight you with a decent harvest, even far from the "sister" trees.

It is important to understand that the yield of inter-pollinated cherry trees will always be higher than that of self-pollinated plants. This is a specific feature of the culture - in order to obtain the maximum yield variety declared in the description, the sweet cherry needs pollinating varieties.

Backyard yellow

This variety is the leader of our top, as it has the highest self-fertility among the known varieties of sweet cherry. Due to the fact that the size of the tree is medium, and the fruits are tasty and fragrant, the Home Garden is always a welcome guest on any, even a small garden plot.

The yellow color of the fruit will add charm and charm to the garden, decorate the table and diversify the gardener's diet. You won't have to wait long for the fruits - the trees quickly enter fruiting, are characterized by active growth and high resistance to both diseases and pests, as well as to winter frosts, and even spring frosts.

Sweet cherries of this variety will always provide you with a harvest, because its fruits hang on branches without crumbling or cracking even in rainy weather.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 5-6 years	3,5-4,5	5,0-5,5	Early July	Does not need pollinating varieties

Bereket

This variety has a high self-fertility, however, to increase the yield, one or a couple of pollinator varieties can be planted with it. The variety was obtained at the very beginning of the XXI century, and therefore is characterized by all the characteristics inherent in modern varieties - high winter hardiness and drought resistance, as well as resistance to pests and diseases.

The trees of the Bereket variety are medium in size, they are suitable for any, even the most modest site. Plants quickly bear fruit and produce beautiful dark red fruits with juicy, surprisingly tasty pulp.

The undoubted advantages of the variety include the high transportability of the fruit, and the absence of the need for formative pruning of the tree, which makes it simply ideal for planting in the country.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,8-5,3	5,6-6,3	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Goryanka

The variety was bred in the last century, but this does not mean that it is morally obsolete. He will give odds to any, even the most modern cultivator, because his trees have restrained growth, resistance to drought and frost, as well as diseases and pests.

The fruits of this variety are quickly tied after flowering and ripen together, turning into elegant maroon "dresses" with a pleasant, juicy and very tasty pulp.

The variety is remarkable in that it gives good yields even on the site, a single tree is planted. The fruits can be transported over long distances without damage, and the seed in the berries is small and separates very well from the pulp.

The variety is suitable for cultivation in summer cottages and small farms.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,1-4,7	6,0-6,4	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Tyutchevka

A modern cherry variety with a whole complex of useful and necessary signs for any summer resident is both sufficient self-fertility, and the modest size of the tree, and resistance to diseases, pests, frost and drought, as well as early entry into the season of fruiting and, of course, excellent taste and fruit color, which is good in compote, and fresh when they are full of sweet juice.

The fruits have a bizarre wide-rounded shape, a dark red "outfit" pleasant to the eye and surprisingly juicy, tasty red pulp.

The variety can be advised to plant on your site also because its fruits are very pleasant to collect. The thing is that their stalk is thick and rather long, and the berries themselves break away from it easily, almost without effort, and the ripe ones hang on the branches without falling, as if waiting for you.

Due to the fact that the fruits are well transported, you can take them from the dacha to the house without any problems.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,0-4,3	5,3-7,4	End of June - early July	Self-fertile, but when pollinated by varieties Ostuzhenka or Raditsa the harvest increases

Dunn

A rare variety can boast a complete absence of flaws, Dunn is one of them. The trees stand out among others for their luxurious pyramidal crown, which practically does not thicken and requires only sanitary pruning, for its highest resistance to winter frosts and spring frosts, as well as to pests and diseases.

It is worth planting at least one seedling of the Dunn variety on your site, as soon you will get a good harvest of large and aligned, like a ruler, fruits of a pleasant dark red color. And their flesh will be juicy, tender and so tasty that you will eat all the berries unnoticed.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	4,0- 4,7	4,5-4,9	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Dolores

A variety with a romantic name that will not leave anyone indifferent. It will come in handy for hurry gardeners who are not accustomed to waiting for a long harvest, those who do not want to use a stepladder to pick every last berry, and those who wish to see healthy and luxuriantly blooming plants when they come to the dacha or return to the garden in spring.

Those with a sweet tooth will not be disappointed either - Dolores fruits have all the qualities to satisfy the taste of even the most fastidious cherry lover.Each fruit, like a fresh candy, is "packed" in a maroon wrapper and contains a small, almost imperceptible bone, which is hidden in a juicy, tasty and fragrant burgundy pulp with a piquant sourness that does not spoil at all, but on the contrary, gives the taste sophistication.

The fruits are suitable for all types of processing, and the trees are suitable for planting in any, even the smallest area.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 4-5 years	3,5-3,8	5,5-6,2	Mid june	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

Pridonskaya

This variety closes our top 7. But do not think that he does not have sufficient self-fertility to produce crops, even if you have a single tree growing on your site. It's not like that at all. Despite the partial self-fertility, the Pridonskaya cherry will supply you with a harvest in the form of very large, one-dimensional fruits of a rich bright red color with pink, slightly gristly and very juicy pulp of a pleasant, refreshing sweet and sour taste.

The variety is also valuable because its yield is stable and annual, because the flowers are not afraid of spring frosts, and the plant itself is not afraid of severe frosts and summer heat.

The variety is suitable for growing both in the country and in an average-sized garden, its trees do not require any pruning except sanitary, and no protection, because they do not get sick and are extremely rarely affected by pests.

Entering fruiting	Tree height (m)	Fruit weight (g)	Harvest	Pollinating varieties
For 5-6 years	3,8-4,5	5,0-6,5	Start - mid June	Self-fertile, but when pollinated varieties Iput and Revna the harvest increases

We have considered the most interesting varieties of cherries that deserve the attention of both amateur gardeners and professionals. The listed varieties have all the features inherent in modern varieties and, moreover, are characterized by high self-fertility, which will allow you to grow on the site not only cherries, but also plants of other breeds. Do not forget that planting trees of self-fertile varieties, like other stone fruits, is best in spring.

There is hardly a person who would not like cherries. Modern breeders are developing all new varieties with improved characteristics - more frost-resistant, with genetically "built-in" immunity, and so on. Cherries in the countries of the former USSR can now be grown not only in areas with a warm subtropical climate, but also in regions with relatively short summers and cold winters. The most difficult thing is to make a choice from the available variety. All other things being equal, preference is often given to self-fertile varieties. This allows you to save space in the garden, which is very important for the owners of the notorious "six acres".

For the Northwest region

The climate in the Northwest region of Russia is unpredictable. Summer there, as a rule, is not too hot and sunny, and winter can turn out to be moderately cold and abnormally frosty, moreover, with little snow. For cherries, such conditions are not optimal, therefore the main selection criterion is frost resistance.

Self-fertile varieties of cherries differ from ordinary ones in that they are able to tie a crop without the presence of pollinating trees nearby. Consequently, there is no need to plant several cherries at the same time on the garden plot, because the hope for those that grow with neighbors is far from always justified. This allows you to significantly save space, which is always in short supply. Most of the self-fertile varieties appeared relatively recently, therefore, they are characterized by the presence of other advantages, for example, frost resistance, immunity to diseases typical of the culture, high yields, early maturity, and so on.

Backyard yellow

A relatively recent achievement of Russian breeders. The "parents" of the variety are Leningradskaya Krasnaya and Zolotaya Loshitskaya. Household yellow belongs to the category of early varieties.It is recommended by the State Register of the Russian Federation for cultivation in the Black Sea region, but practice shows that this cherry can withstand and successfully adapt to much more severe climatic and weather conditions.

Sweet cherry Priusadebnaya yellow is a modern Russian variety, practically devoid of shortcomings

The sapling is distinguished by its growth rate, an adult tree is quite large, with a wide, almost spherical crown. At the same time, it is not very thickened, therefore, caring for the plant and harvesting is not particularly difficult. The tree blooms very beautifully, the flowers are large, snow-white, collected in inflorescences of three.

The berries are medium in size, round, weighing 5–6 g and about 2–2.2 cm in diameter. The lateral seam is not very pronounced. The skin, as you might guess from the name, is bright yellow, smooth. The subcutaneous points are completely absent. The pulp is lighter than the skin, the juice is almost colorless. The taste is sweet and sour, but very balanced. It is rated quite high by professional tasters - 4.7 points out of five. The stone is small, easily separated from the pulp.

The frost resistance of the tree is at the level of -30 ° C. Flower buds rarely suffer from recurrent spring frosts. The first fruiting is expected 5–6 years after the cherry is planted in the ground. Further, the harvests are annual. Even fully ripe berries do not crumble, they rarely crack in damp weather. The backyard yellow is bypassed by such a dangerous pest as a cherry fly.

Video: home garden yellow cherry

Bereket

The sweet cherry variety was bred in Dagestan by crossing the varieties of Drogan yellow and April black. The creators position the variety as self-fertile, but practice shows that it is more likely to speak from partial self-fertility. The state register of the Russian Federation advises to grow Bereket in the North Caucasus, but with frost resistance up to -30–32 ° C, the variety is quite suitable for the North-West region, other regions with temperate climates. The cold hardiness of flower buds is very high - 95–98%.

The flower buds of Bereket cherries are very frost-resistant.

Cherry Bereket medium early. When flowering in the last decade of April, it ripens in early or mid-July. The first harvest is tried 4–5 years after the tree has been planted.

An adult tree grows up to 5 m or a little more, differs in a spreading, rather "sloppy" thickened crown. Annual shoots are colored purple-green. The leaves are calyx-like, sagging slightly along the central vein.

The berries are medium in size, weighing 5.5–6.5 g and a little over 2 cm in diameter. The skin is dark scarlet, the flesh is pink-red. In it, veins are clearly distinguished, much lighter. Light acidity does not spoil the taste, which is rated by professional tasters at five points out of five possible. The stone is very small, weighing about 0.5 g. The berries are easily separated from the stalk, so mechanized harvesting is possible. In cool, damp weather, about one fruit in five will crack.

The average yield of Bereket cherries is 20–25 kg per adult tree. Berries are notable for good transportability. Fresh they can be stored for about a week. A significant drawback is the tendency to defeat moniliosis.

Goryanka

Another achievement of breeders working at the Dagestan Experimental Station. The "parents" of the Goryanka are French varieties of cherries Gaucher and Zhaboulet. When flowering at the end of the second decade of April, the harvest ripens in the first half of July.

Cherry Goryanka belongs to varieties with a bouquet type of fruiting

The height of an adult tree is 3.5–4 m. The crown is densely leafy, in the form of a pyramid with a wide base. Nevertheless, practice shows that you can limit yourself to sanitary pruning. Annual shoots of lettuce color. The edges of the leaf are smooth, slight "serration" appears only closer to the tip. Flowers are small, collected in inflorescences in the shape of an umbrella, 5-7 pieces. The crop ripens exclusively on bouquet branches.

Heart-shaped berries with a rounded base. The side "seam" is practically absent. The average weight of one sweet cherry is 6–6.5 g. The skin is wine-burgundy, the pulp is intensely scarlet, the juice is of the same color. The taste is excellent, has earned a professional rating of 4.9 points out of five. The berries do not differ in transportability; fresh they can be stored for 5-6 days. The average yield is 18-22 kg per tree. The berries ripen at the same time. The first fruits will have to wait 4–5 years.

Frost resistance of Horny Goat weed is at the level of -28–30 ° С, of flower buds - about 90%. Even opened flowers rarely suffer from recurrent frosts. The variety tolerates short-term drought well, but with a prolonged moisture deficit, the tree practically stops growing, the shoots dry out and die off.

Dunn

One of the latest achievements of Russian breeders. The “parents” of the variety are the same as those of Priusadebnaya yellow, but the result of the crossing turned out to be completely different, although Danna also belongs to the category of early varieties. It got into the State Register in 1999 after zoning in the North Caucasus.

Danna is a promising Russian cherry variety; it is also interesting for those who grow berries on an industrial scale.

The tree is of medium height, about 4 m. The crown is in the form of a pyramid, quite rare. Shoots are reddish brown. The leaves are light lettuce, rather narrow and elongated for cherries. The buds are collected in inflorescences strictly three.

The berries are medium-sized, weighing 4.5–5.5 g and 1.6–1.8 cm in diameter, but very sweet. The taste has earned a rating of 4.7 points out of five from the experts. The skin is deeply scarlet, monochromatic, smooth. The fruits are distinguished by a high content of vitamin C - more than 10 mg per 100 g. The lateral "seam" is poorly expressed.

Danna is characterized by resistance to adverse weather conditions - cold (up to -35 ° C), heat, drought. This sweet cherry rarely suffers from diseases typical of the culture, and is rarely affected by pests. For almost two decades of cultivation, no significant shortcomings have been found. Those who grow fruits and berries on an industrial scale are showing an increased interest in the variety. The first fruits will have to wait 5-6 years.

Pridonskaya

Another Russian sweet cherry variety, bred at the I.V. Michurin Research Institute as a result of crossing the Zolotaya Loshitskaya and Rannyaya Marka varieties. The fruits ripen at the beginning of the second decade of July. Pridonskaya is considered self-fertile, but practice shows that planting nearby varieties Revna, Iput has a positive effect on yield.

The cherry tree of the Pridonskaya variety is quite compact, it also does not differ in its growth rate

The tree is not tall (up to 3.5 m), the growth rate does not differ. Crohn's are quite rare. Shoots are dark red, with an almost imperceptible brownish undertone, covered with well-distinguishable whitish lenticels. The buds are collected in inflorescences of three. More than 90% of the harvest ripens on bouquet branches.

The average berry weight is 5-6 g. They are one-dimensional, as if calibrated. They are easily separated from the stalks. The skin is blood-red, the flesh is pink-red (artists call this color scarlet), very juicy. Light "cartilages" are well discernible. The taste is sweet and sour, refreshing.

Pridonskaya has a high immunity against diseases typical for the culture, it is bypassed by most pests. The tree suffers little from heat and moisture deficit, in winter it tolerates frosts down to -25-28 ° C without much damage to itself. Flower buds are resistant to recurrent spring frosts.

The first harvest has to wait 6-7 years, then annual fruiting. Average yields are 20-25 kg per mature tree. The plant does not need formative pruning, it is quite enough sanitary. The variety is quite suitable for growing on an industrial scale. There are no significant shortcomings in the Pridonskaya cherry. Since 1999, when the culture was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation, it was not possible to identify them.

Valery Chkalov

One of the old well-deserved varieties, which has not lost its popularity to this day. This is a "natural" hybrid obtained as a result of spontaneous pollination of the Caucasian pink cherry. State trials began in the mid-50s of the last century, in 1974 the variety was recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasus, from where it gradually spread to territories with a temperate climate.

Cherry Valery Chkalov is one of the varieties that have successfully passed the test of time

The tree grows up to 5.5-6 m in height, has a rather dense crown in the shape of a pyramid. With age, it seems to "squat", the crown becomes more spreading. Shoots are grayish brown, powerful. They very often bend under their own weight or under the weight of the crop. The bark is rough to the touch. Leaves are ovoid, sharply tapering towards the tip. Flowering occurs in early April, fruiting in the first decade of July.

The berries are large, weighing 6–8 g, in the form of an almost regular ball or heart with smoothed outlines. The skin is painted in a very dark red color, from a distance the cherry appears black. The juice is rich scarlet. The stone is rather large, it is not too readily separated from the pulp. The taste is sour, but very pleasant. The content of vitamin C is almost a record - 21.5 mg per 100 g.

Fruiting begins five years after planting in the ground. The harvest ripens annually. From an adult tree, depending on the growing region, you can remove from 60 to 150 kg of berries. Frost resistance up to -25ºС. A significant drawback is the tendency to attack by pathogenic fungi, especially those that cause gray rot and coccomycosis. Nevertheless, the tree is very hardy, capable of recovering even from serious damage.

The variety is considered partially self-fertile, the presence of cherries nearby Early Mark, Bigarro Burlat, Zhabule, Aprilka, Skorospelka contributes to an increase in yield. Valery Chkalov is one of the most popular types of cherries for breeders' experiments. With his participation, the varieties Valeria, Annushka, Farewell, Donetsk beauty and many others were bred.

Cherry variety Valery Chkalov

For Belarus

The climate of Belarus is in many respects similar to that characteristic of central Russia. Accordingly, varieties suitable for the North-West region can be successfully grown on the territory of this republic. Other, less frost-resistant Russian varieties of cherries are willingly planted there. The Belarusian breeders also have their own achievements, which are popular with fellow citizens.

Gorgeous

Sometimes it is called Etok beauty. The variety has a consistently high yield. Bred in the Stavropol Territory by crossing the Denissen yellow and Dyber Black varieties. An essential advantage is absolute resistance to coccomycosis.

Cherry Beauty, indeed, looks very presentable

The variety is partially self-fertile. To increase the yield, the cherries of Diber, Golubushka, Franz Joseph, Narodnaya are planted nearby. Due to late flowering, the Beauty almost never falls under returnable spring frosts.

The tree reaches a height of 3.5–4 m, the growth rate does not differ. The crown is spreading, pyramidal or almost spherical. There are relatively few shoots, they are located in relation to the trunk at an angle of about 50º. The surface of the leaf is slightly wrinkled. Most of the crop ripens on bouquet branches at the age of 2–5 years.

The average weight of a heart-shaped berry is 8-9 g. Fruits are slightly flattened. The seam is almost invisible. The skin is bright yellow with a golden sheen. The pulp is yellowish, very juicy and sweet. The juice is almost colorless. The stone is not large, it is separated from the pulp without effort. The harvest ripens in the first decade of July. The fruit is characterized by very good transportability.

The variety is fast-growing, the tree bears fruit for the first time 3-4 years after planting in the ground. About 40 kg of berries are removed from plants under the age of 10, by the age of 15 this figure doubles.

Ovstuzhenka

The variety was bred in 2001 by one of the most famous breeders in this area - M.V. Kanshina. In Russia, the State Register is recommended for cultivation in the Central Region. Ovstuzhenka is considered self-fertile, but the presence of pollinating varieties is still recommended - Revna, Tyutchevka, Pink Pearl, Bryanskaya Pink.

Winter hardiness of cherries of the Ovstuzhenka variety allows them to be grown in regions with any climate, with the exception of the subarctic

The tree is distinguished by its growth rate, therefore, it reaches its “ceiling” of 3–3.5 m by the fourth year of its life. After the first fruiting, it grows mainly in width. His crown is not too thickened, almost spherical. The flowers are large, collected in inflorescences of three. Snow-white petals overlap. Flowering occurs in early April.

Most of the fruits weigh 4–4.5 g, but there are also “champions” weighing 7–7.5 g. The berries are round or slightly elongated. The skin is very dark with a purple tint. From a distance, the berries appear almost black. The pulp is not too firm, but very juicy, bright red. The stone is small, easily separated from it. Sweet and sour taste is rated 4.5 out of five.

The berries ripen in late June or early July. The first fruiting will have to wait 4–5 years. Young trees bring 15–20 kg of berries, then the yield increases to 30–35 kg.

Ostuzhenka has a very high frost resistance of wood (up to -45 ° C), and somewhat less - of flower buds. Also, the first almost never gets sunburn in winter. Up to 15% of buds can suffer from return frosts in spring. She never suffers from moniliosis and coccomycosis, but can become infected with clotterosporia.

Narodnaya Syubarova

The main distinguishing feature of this Belarusian variety is a very powerful tree. It grows up to 5-6 m in height, the crown is extremely wide. Accordingly, she is not afraid of any, even the strongest, winds; branches rarely break under the weight of snow. Also, the variety is valued for its undemanding quality of the substrate.

Cherry variety Narodnaya Syubarova is distinguished by its general unpretentiousness and undemanding to the quality of the substrate

The fruits are dark scarlet, the skin is glossy. The average weight of a berry is 5.5–6 g. The yield is at the level of 50–55 kg per mature tree. The first fruits are removed 4 years after the tree is planted in the garden. Cherry ripens en masse, in the middle of the second decade of July. Fruiting is annual.

The variety has an "innate" immunity to coccomycosis, rarely suffers from other fungal diseases. Self-pollination at the level of 90%.

Gastinets

Sometimes the spelling "Gastsinets" is found. One of the most popular Belarusian varieties. "Parents" - Red dense and Aelita. Belongs to the category of medium early (ripens in mid-July) and partially self-fertile. To increase yields, you can plant Narodnaya, Zhurba nearby.

A significant advantage of Gastinets cherry is its resistance to coccomycosis

Winter hardiness at the level of -25 ° C. The tree bears fruit annually. The variety has an "innate" immunity to coccomycosis. Differs in early maturity. The first berries are tried three years after planting.

The fruits are large, heart-shaped, weighing about 7 g. The skin is bright yellow, the blush where the sun hits it is crimson or raspberry. The pulp and juice are almost the same color as the skin.

Tyutchevka

A popular Russian late cherry variety, bred at the beginning of the 21st century on the basis of the Red dense variety and a hybrid with the code name 3–36. In the Russian Federation, the State Register is recommended for cultivation in the Central Region, respectively, and for Belarus it is quite suitable. Due to partial self-fertility, it is recommended to plant pollinators (Revna, Iput, Raditsa).

Cherry Tyutchevka is not devoid of significant flaws, but this does not affect its popularity in any way

The tree is relatively low, up to 4 m. It reaches its maximum size already 4–5 years after planting. The crown is in the form of a ball, sparse.Leaves with very short petioles. The buds are collected in inflorescences of four. Approximately 85% of the fruits ripen on bouquet branches.

Berries weighing 5–7.5 g, dark scarlet with lighter subcutaneous punctures. The stone is small, reluctantly separates from the pulp. Fruits are sweet, but "cartilage" is clearly felt in the pulp. However, the taste is rated 4.9 out of five. The harvest ripens in the first decade of August. 18-25 kg of berries are removed from a mature tree. The first fruiting is five years after planting.

Among the disadvantages of the variety are berries that crack in rainy summers and the low winter hardiness of flower buds. More than 70% of future buds can suffer from recurrent frost. There is also a tendency to defeat coccomycosis and clasterosporiosis.

In memory of Astakhov

Another late cherry variety, ripening closer to mid-August. The tree is 4–4.5 m high, with a rounded, not too thickened crown. Differs in growth rate. The bark is grayish, highly flaky; after the leaves fall, it acquires a silvery hue.

Cherry in Memory of Astakhov belongs to varieties of late ripening

The fruits are very presentable - one-dimensional, large (8 g or more). Deep burgundy berries. The stone is small, it separates well from the pulp. The skin is thin, smooth. The berry flavor is rated 4.8 out of five. Average yield is about 30 kg per tree.

The variety is rarely affected by diseases typical for the culture, its winter hardiness is at the level of -25-28 ° C. The berries ripen 5–6 years after the seedling is planted.

For Ukraine

The climate in most of the territory of Ukraine is much milder than in Russia and Belarus. Accordingly, local gardeners can afford to choose a cherry variety, focusing not only on winter hardiness, but also on the size, taste of the fruit, and yield. Recently, varieties from Europe and North America, which are grown in their homeland on an industrial scale, are gaining more and more popularity.

Annushka

A popular Ukrainian variety obtained with the participation of Donchanka cherries and Valery Chkalov. In Russia, he also received recognition, in 2000 he got into the State Register. It is recommended for cultivation only in the North Caucasus and the Black Sea region, but its high (-32–35 ° C) winter hardiness allows it to be grown in temperate climates.

A flowering cherry tree of the Annushka variety looks very unusual

The tree is of medium height, 4–4.5 m. The crown is not particularly thickened. The shoots are thick. The buds are collected in inflorescences of 3-4 pieces. Flowers open before leaves appear.

Annushka is distinguished by presentability and large (9–10 g) berries. Deep scarlet skin. The pulp is slightly lighter, very sweet and juicy. At the same time, it is quite dense, which provides good transportability. Fruits are round, slightly flattened towards the base. Average yield is 20-22 kg.

The taste of the berries is little influenced by the way summer turns out. Annushka rarely suffers from drought, disease (with the exception of coccomycosis) and pests. The tree brings its first harvest in 3-4 years. For 10-12 years of fruiting, there is one "rest" season. This variety of cherries requires careful site selection, being particularly sensitive to excessive soil moisture due to groundwater close to it. The tree grows quickly and therefore needs regular pruning.

Tenderness

An old well-deserved variety, bred in the 60s of the last century in Kiev on the basis of Drogan yellow and Francis cherries. Differs in winter hardiness up to -30 ° C, belongs to the category of mid-season. The harvest ripens in the last days of June. Because of this, he is not affected by the cherry fly - the adults simply do not have time to lay eggs. The tree is up to 3 m high, the crown seems to be flattened, in the form of a wide oval.

Cherry fruits of the Tenderness variety are very sensitive to any mechanical stress

The fruits are very presentable - golden yellow with a bright crimson blush, one-dimensional, weighing 6.5-7 g. But you need to remove them from the tree very carefully - even from the lightest pressing on the skin, ugly brown spots blur. The "seam" is clearly visible. The pulp is pale yellow, its taste is pleasant, sweet and sour. Tasting score - 4.7 points out of five.

The first time Tenderness bears fruit 6 years after planting. 50-60 kg of berries are removed from an adult plant. Moreover, the more fruits, the smaller they are. To increase the yield (although the variety is formally self-fertile), Drogana, Nectarnaya, Kitaevskaya black are planted next to Tenderness.

Video: what sweet cherry looks like Tenderness

Backyard

One of the earliest varieties of sweet cherries. The fruits ripen in the first decade of June. The berries are one-dimensional, the skin is pale yellow with a vague pinkish "blush". The pulp is light, creamy. The yield is extremely high (80 kg or more). Some amateur gardeners even consider this a disadvantage. Fresh fruits are stored for a very short time and do not differ in transportability. Accordingly, you need to eat or process berries in record time. Taste qualities are rated highly - by 4.8 points out of five possible.

Unfortunately, the shelf life of Home Garden cherries is very short.

The fruits do not crack, even if heavy rains fall during their ripening. The first time a sweet cherry ripens 3-5 years after planting a seedling. The tree is of medium height (3.5–4.5 m), the crown is rather sparse, but spreading. The average weight of the berry is 5-6 g.

Planting nearby cherries Valery Chkalov, Skorospelki, Bigarro Burlat helps to increase the yield of a partially self-fertile variety. Frost resistance is quite sufficient for growing in most of the territory of Ukraine. The tree is rarely affected by moniliosis, coccomycosis, "black cancer". Due to the early ripening period, the cherry fly does not have time to lay eggs in the fruit ovaries.

Valeria

One of the most successful of the many varieties bred with the participation of cherries Valery Chkalov. His homeland is Ukraine, where he is grown everywhere. Valeria is distinguished by its large-fruited and excellent taste of berries. Another significant plus is resistance to infection by pathogenic fungi and pest attacks. The variety is partially self-fertile.

Valeria is one of the many varieties bred with the participation of cherries Valery Chkalov

The tree is vigorous, the crown is rather dense, almost spherical. Valeria blooms late, therefore, it is guaranteed that it does not fall under return spring frosts, although in most of the territory of Ukraine this is a rather rare phenomenon.

The average weight of a heart-shaped berry is 9–10 g. The skin is dark-burgundy, the flesh is slightly lighter. The pulp is soft, not very dense, juicy. To increase productivity, it is desirable to have pollinators - Donchanka, Annushka, Lesya, Ugolyok. Ethics is categorically not suitable in this capacity. Fruiting is annual, an adult tree bears 30-50 kg of berries.

Lapins

Canadian cherry, bred on the basis of the popular varieties of Van and Stella in their homeland. Belongs to the category of late, the harvest ripens in the last decade of July or early August. Lapins is a completely self-fertile variety, practice shows that in the absence of pollinators, as many berries are tied as in the presence of them.

Sweet cherry variety Lapins has every right to be called self-fertile

The fruits are very large, weighing 10 g or more. The shape is round or oval, slightly flattened at the stalk. The skin is colored red, sometimes with a noticeable orange undertone, the flesh is pink-scarlet, dense. The palatability is excellent, estimated at 4.8 points.

The variety does not differ in frost resistance, it also suffers from prolonged droughts. If the summer is rainy, it is more than likely the development of rot and moniliosis, cracking of the berries. There is "innate" immunity from clasterosporia and coccomycosis.

The tree is tall, but it forms new shoots rather reluctantly. Formation of the crown will require considerable effort from the gardener. You can make your task a little easier by grafting Lapins onto a dwarf stock.

Even perfectly ripe berries do not fall from the tree. The variety has good transportability; cherries can be stored in a refrigerator or similar conditions for up to two weeks.

Dolores

The variety is of medium ripening, the fruits are harvested in the second decade of June. Bred in Dagestan. “Parents” - Napoleon black cherry and Lyubskaya cherry. The height of the tree is about 3.5 m, the crown is spreading, dense. But it does not need formative pruning, it is quite sanitary.

The taste qualities of Dolores cherries are rated as high as possible.

The berries are medium in size (weighing about 6 g), round in shape with pronounced "shoulders" and a side seam. The skin is rather thin, purple-violet, almost black with dark scarlet specks. The pulp is bright red, juicy, literally melts in your mouth. The taste has earned the highest possible assessment from the tasters.

Wood and flower buds are characterized by good frost resistance. Dolores is not particularly affected by droughts. The exception is very intense heat, which, in the absence of rain, can provoke a delay in the growth of the tree and the death of individual shoots. Immunity to fungal diseases is high, with the exception of coccomycosis.

The first fruiting will have to wait 4–5 years. The average yield is 24–32 kg. In the presence of nearby cherries Iput, Revna, this figure increases. Fresh cherries can be stored for 5-7 days.

Sweetheart

Canadian late cherry variety. In North America, one of the most popular for industrial cultivation. Differs in good drought and frost resistance, high transportability. The fruits are harvested at the very end of July or in the first decade of August. A tree of medium height, with a spreading crown. Among the shortcomings, one can note a weak immunity to fungal diseases typical of the culture.

Sweetheart cherry is one of the most popular varieties in North America among professional farmers.

The berries are large, weighing 10–13 g, heart-shaped, but noticeably elongated vertically. The skin is blood-red. The pulp is very sweet, juicy, so tough that it almost crunches. The fruits do not crack even in very rainy weather. Productivity - more than 60 kg per tree.

Bigarro Burlat

An early French sweet cherry variety, known since the beginning of the last century. It is considered the result of natural selection, the "parents" have not been established. The tree is 3–3.5 m high, the crown is in the form of an almost regular ball, thickened. Brownish shoots are dotted with often spaced whitish "lenticels".

It is not yet possible to trace the "pedigree" of the Bigarro Burlat cherry variety

Fruits are medium-sized, weighing 5–6.5 g, slightly flattened in shape. The lateral "seam" stands out clearly. The skin is almost black, the flesh is dark scarlet. The stone is rather large and can be easily separated from it. The berries are tried for the first time 4–5 years after the tree has been planted. In the future, the average yield is 75–80 kg.

Winter hardiness at the level of -20 ° C, this applies to both wood and flower buds. Immunity to pathogenic fungi is good, but it can be better. In cool rainy weather, the fruit tends to crack. The variety is partially self-fertile, in order to increase yields, Exhibition, Napoleon black, Bigarro Starking are planted nearby.

Staccato

Late self-fertile variety of Canadian selection. Ripens in the second decade of August, one of the very last. Natural mutation resulting from free pollination of Sweetheart cherries.

Cherry Staccato is prized by gardeners for its unpretentious care

The berries are large, maroon, weighing 11–12 g, slightly flattened in shape. The skin is firm but thin. The pulp is juicy, very sweet. The taste is rated 4.8 out of five. The first time a tree bears fruit is 3-4 years after planting.

Winter hardiness at the level of -25 ° C. The variety is distinguished by undemanding care, the ability to adapt to a wide range of not always favorable climatic and weather conditions, and good immunity.

Thanks to the achievements of modern breeding, sweet cherries are now successfully cultivated in areas with a temperate climate, and the berries are not much inferior in taste to the southern ones. Self-fertile varieties have a number of significant advantages over other varieties. Of course, most of them are not devoid of individual shortcomings, but more often than not they do not spoil the overall picture.

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Among the most beloved berries that are grown in most regions of our country, there is a sweet cherry. We all love her for her large fruits, sweet taste and pleasant aroma. The beauty of fruits is that they are versatile. That is, we are happy to eat them immediately after being plucked from the branch. We can cook a fragrant compote. Sweet cherries and cherries behave ideally during freezing, in jars, sprinkled with sugar, in jams and preserves. It is from these fruits that the most delicious and favorite winter preparations are.

And today, as you understand, it will be about cherries, but the information will not be general on planting and care, but on specific species. Namely, we are talking about self-fertile varieties of cherries for the Moscow region and regions with a similar climate, which are the majority.

What are self-fertile varieties?

First, a little theory. Varieties can be roughly divided into two types: self-fertile and self-fertile. What's the difference? It's simple. We are used to knowing from childhood that bees fly and pollinate trees, this is the only way to have a good harvest. If the year turned out to be windy, there were soap insects, then very few fruits are tied or there are none at all.

Selection never stands still, and along with self-fertile trees, there are self-fertile varieties. These are great views that everyone does themselves. That is, the tree does not require additional pollinator varieties that should be planted nearby, not the presence of insects. Such varieties can form themselves up to 50% of the harvest. There are also less productive varieties, the so-called semi-self-fertile - they tie 20-30% of the berries.

Advice!

You can plant a whole array of such cherries, which will themselves be pollinated, but in order for the harvest to be several times larger, it is still better to plant at least one tree for pollination.

It is also worth noting that pollination in many self-fertile varieties begins already in an unopened flower, which gives an additional guarantee under unfavorable conditions. Here are some of the best cherries that don't require pollination. They have been grown by summer residents for more than a decade, have proven themselves, and you can take note of and plant these varieties in the new season.

See also: Godetia - growing from seed, when to plant?

The best varieties of cherries for the Moscow region are self-fertile

"Fatezh"

The height of this cherry is 3-4 meters. The tree has powerful branches that spread widely to the sides, forming a sphere of regular shape. This variety does not like drafts and strong winds, which must be taken into account during planting on the site. Also, cherries will form better and faster harvest if they are planted on a sunny and elevated side.

The variety is unpretentious in terms of moisture, feeding. Fruits are formed evenly, of the same weight and size. The color of the skin is scarlet with yellow splashes. This cherry has a tart sourness, the pulp is dense, but it separates well from the stone.

Varietal characteristics:

• fruiting occurs after planting in the 4-5th year;
• berry weight - 4-5 grams;
• the first harvests can be harvested in early July;
• yield - stable and high - 40-50 kg per tree;
• has a high decorative effect;
• does not suffer from coccomycosis, moniliosis.

Valery Chkalov

This variety with such a loud name really corresponds to it.The point is in the size of the sweet cherry, which can grow more than 5-6 meters up, as if tending to the sky. Cherry forms very large, aromatic and tasty fruits. Their shape resembles a heart.

The color of the skin is either deep burgundy or dark red. Inside, the fruits have a scarlet and rich hue. Sweet cherry is considered a dessert variety for its taste and aroma. You can cook any canned fruits from the fruits, put them in the freezer, and, of course, they can be eaten fresh.

Advice!

If you want to plant a pollinator variety to increase the sweet cherry yield, then it is best to purchase such varieties as "June Early", "April", "Skorospelka".

A big plus of this variety of cherries is that they are not afraid of severe frosts. So, if the temperature drops to -30 degrees, there will be no harm to cherries from this. But as far as diseases are concerned, here Valery Chkalov cannot be called a highly resistant sweet cherry. The fact is that the tree can infect coccomycosis and gray rot.

Varietal characteristics:

• after planting, the first full harvest can be harvested in the 5-6th year of the cherry's life;
• berry weight - 7-8 grams;
• high yield - in warmer climates it can reach up to 75 kg per tree. In colder climates up to 45;
• fruiting dates are early and mid-June.

See also: How to grow potatoes from seeds at home?

"Iput"

This variety has established itself, and it is considered one of the best among those cherries that can carry out pollination on their own. The tree does not grow very large, its crown resembles a wide pyramid. There are many leaves on it. Fruits can form both medium weight and very large, their shape resembles a heart, which is typical for sweet cherries.

Watching the ripening of the berries, you can see how the tone of the fruit changes from red-burgundy to rich shiny black. Cherry yields are always good and stable.

A big plus of the variety is its winter hardiness and, unlike the Valery Chkalov cherry, the Iput cherry has excellent disease resistance. There can be only one downside - this is the season when there is a lot of rain, the berries can begin to crack, since they have a lot of moisture.

Varietal characteristics:

• fruiting after planting will be in about 4-5 years;
• cherry mass - 5-7 grams;
• the harvest is fully formed by the third decade of June;
• the pulp has a very good taste and aroma, it is dense and juicy;
• the yield of one tree is 30-40 kg.

"Narodnaya Syubarova"

The splendor of the variety is that the cherry will grow very powerful, mighty. Its crown spreads widely to the sides and stretches upwards for more than 5-6 meters. But this is not the main plus - the variety is suitable for all regions. That is, it gives a stable harvest both in the south and in Siberia. Powerful branches can hold a high snow cover, the cherry is also not afraid of the wind.

The fruit tree is not demanding for the soil - it grows well on sands, and on loams, and on black soil, and the seedlings take root very quickly and begin to develop. The fruits have a dark red hue of the skin, there is a characteristic waxy bloom and shine. The tree can perfectly pollinate and form a crop even without the presence of a pollinator in the neighborhood. The taste and aroma are pleasant.

Varietal characteristics:

• begins to form a crop in the 4th year after planting;
• fruits of an average weight of 4-6 grams;
• fruiting - early and mid-July;
• yield - high - 40-55 kg per tree;
• disease resistance is good. Coccomycosis does not affect.

"Cheremashnaya"

Sweet cherries are early ripening varieties. The height of the tree can exceed more than 5 meters, the crown stretches upward, resembles an oval, there are not very many leaves on it. The berry is yellow, but there may be blotches on it. The mass of the fruits is average, but they have a juicy pulp, pleasant taste and aroma.

Advice!

To increase yields, choose pollinator varieties such as Iput, Bryanskaya rozovaya, and Krymskaya.

Varietal characteristics:

• the first full-fledged crops you will collect 5-6 years after planting;
• berry weight - 3.5-4.5 grams;
• collections are carried out in the third decade of June;
• yield - 20-30 kg from one tree;
• has excellent resistance to disease and cold. For the regions of the Moscow region and the temperate climate, a very good option;
• it has a high nutritional value and the presence of sugars.

"Ovstuzhenka"

Self-fertile sweet cherry for the Moscow region of this variety is a find for the Far North and areas of risky farming. The thing is that the above varieties tolerate frosts well at -30-33 degrees, but Ovstuzhenka can withstand -45 degrees. But for this variety, it is better to plant a pollinator next to it, since cherries can be more likely attributed to semi-self-fertile varieties. So, the percentage of fruit ovary without pollination is no more than 10%, which is not much.

Advice!

If you choose a pollinator, then it is best to plant next to the varieties "Revna", "Iput". Again, we have already described the second variety earlier, and it is also self-fertile.

As for the berry, it will be very sweet, without sourness, maroon color. The fruits are large, the pulp is juicy. The taste and aroma are excellent. Despite the large size, the fruits crack very rarely.

Varietal characteristics:

• you will harvest the first full harvest 4-5 years after planting;
• berry weight - 6-8 grams;
• fruiting - the second decade of July;
• yield - depends on the presence of a pollinator, but on average 15-25 kg per tree;
• disease resistance is good.

See also: Strawberry "Albion" description reviews

"Homeyard yellow"

Cherry crown grows up to 4 meters in height. It looks like a ball, but there are not many leaves on it. Cherry is notable for the fact that its fruits have a sunny yellow hue of the skin. At the same time, the sweet cherry is large and ripens early. A very good variety, because it is both winter-hardy and early maturing, and excellent resistance to diseases.

Varietal characteristics:

• forms fruits 5-6 years after planting;
• berry weight - 5-6 grams;
• ripening period - June and early July;
• yield - high up to 60 kg;
• can form high yields without the presence of a pollinator.

"Revna"

The variety has a compact size, its crown resembles a pyramid. This is a very common variety that many summer residents love. And there is something to love this cherry for. Firstly, it gives high and stable yields from year to year, secondly, it is not afraid of frosts during flowering up to -5 degrees, thirdly, the berry, although not very large, is tasty and sweet.

But that's not all. The fruits lie for a long time, are well transported, so you can grow a variety for sale. And during storage, the berry does not become soft, its quality does not decrease. In addition, the smaller the tree, the easier it is to collect, and this is a very weighty argument for many.

Advice!

For an even greater harvest, you can plant the following pollinators "Tyutchevka", "Iput", "Compact".

Varietal characteristics:

• fruiting will occur 4-5 years after planting;
• fruits weigh 5-6 grams;
• fruiting time - the third decade of June and the first decade of July;
• compact tree yield - 20-25 kg;
• resistance to cold and disease is high.

"Tyutchevka"

One of the new varieties. Many consider the variety to be very unusual. The tree has an average height, a crown in the form of a ball. The variety tolerates all weather adversities, disease attacks well. Sweet cherry forms a very large berry, Its color is unusual dark red, in some places non-uniform. The variety has a good yield, and the fruits hang on the branches for a long time without falling down. At the same time, the collection is easy and fast.

Advice!

To increase the yield, choose the pollinating varieties "Raditsa" and "Ovstuzhenka".

Varietal characteristics:

• fruiting will be in 4-5 years;
• berry weight - 5-7 grams;
• harvesting begins in the first decade of July;
• yield - up to 40 kg per tree;
• is considered one of the best varieties in terms of taste and aroma, and also has an attractive appearance.

General recommendations

We have told you a description of cherry varieties for the Moscow region and for other regions where the weather is not always pleasing with warmth and optimal humidity in the season. Based on all the information, decide in advance what you will plant. If the site allows, plant different varieties. It is also better to have a pollinator. Of course, the varieties are self-fertile, but as we have already said that the maximum that can be obtained from the total number of flowers is 50%.

Also keep in mind that fruits are always faster and better formed when the roots are not located in swampy soil, and the crown is evenly illuminated by the sun. Do not plant tall varieties where you are planning other planting or recreation areas, as there will be a lot of shade.

And never plant next to those varieties that can suffer from the same diseases. It is better to take seedlings that are highly resistant to diseases, or plant a tree that can hurt with the one that is not afraid of viruses.

Cherry, although it bears fruit from year to year on its own, it is still better to introduce additional feed 2-3 times a year. The last time it is fertilized in autumn, so that the tree has a lot of strength to endure the harsh cold.

As you can see, it is very easy to achieve that your garden, without your efforts or without special conditions, gives you a rich harvest. To do this, you need to choose the right variety.

Foreword

There are many varieties of cherries today! In the south of Russia, more thermophilic trees are grown, and for the Moscow region and regions of the middle zone, it is better to choose frost-resistant plants. How not to get confused in the variety of cherry varieties and find the best one for your garden, we will tell in this article.

The best self-fertile varieties for the Moscow region and the middle lane

Self-fertility of varieties lies in the ability of fruit trees to self-pollinate with their pollen. Self-fertile are those that form 20-40% of the total number of flowers. Self-fertile varieties do not need cross-pollination with other varieties. Their advantage is that they are independent of the flight of pollinating insects.

Self-fertile cherry

But today there are not so many self-fertile varieties of sweet cherries. Therefore, even with such trees, it is better to plant pollinating varieties near them, which in any case will help to increase yields.

The best varieties of self-fertile cherries for the Moscow region today are recognized:

• Narodnaya Syubarova is considered the best option throughout Russia. True, one should not expect a huge harvest, 50 kilograms from one tree is the limit, it is no longer possible to harvest even in the most successful year. The berries of this sweet cherry are of medium size. The tree itself is tall, with a powerful trunk and branches that can withstand the load from snow or wind. The plant is highly self-pollinated, fruits ripen up to 90%. Saplings take root well and are able to grow even on sandy loam and loamy soils.
• Ovstuzhenka is a frost-resistant sweet cherry that can withstand up to -45 degrees, Conditionally self-fertile, since pollination takes place within one tree, the resulting ovaries are no more than 90%. Medium large berries, 4 to 7 grams. The yield is 30-50 kg per tree. The tree is not tall, which allows it to be grown on an industrial scale.
• Revna is a small plant with a pyramidal crown. Self-fertile, very fertile, not large-fruited, its berries are not large, but very sweet and aromatic. Cold-resistant, withstands frost down to -6 degrees during the flowering period. Possesses high transportability, shelf life for a long time, dense, not watery at the stage of maturity.

Early winter-hardy and late cherry varieties

Almost all known cherry varieties are mostly self-fertile, and only a few species are self-fertile, and then only partially, since they also require pollinator varieties for a full harvest. Therefore, when choosing a variety for planting in your garden, you need to immediately buy a pollinator plant in pair with it, which will have the same flowering period.Sweet cherry is divided into 3 groups according to flowering time.

Winter-hardy early cherry varieties:

• Iput - frost-resistant, has good fruits. Pollinators can be Revna and Raditsa.
• Household yellow - self-fertile variety, frost-resistant, vigorous, slow-fertile, quite fruitful. The berries are medium, sweet and sour.
• Gronkavaya is a strong, frost-resistant variety. The fruits received a high dessert rating. Suitable pollinators: Cheremashnaya, Raditsa, Iput, Fatezh and Ovstuzhenka.
• Red hill - less resistant to diseases, berries were highly appreciated. Pollinators, like Iput.
• Ovstuzhenka - refers to partially self-fertile varieties, fruits with a good score. It is good to plant next to Iput cherries.

Winter-hardy cherry variety "Iput"

Mid-season cherry varieties:

• Rechitsa - belongs to the varieties of the bigarro group, frost-resistant, not large-fruited, with very sweet dark red berries. Disease resistant. From pollinators it is better to choose Pink Pearls, Adeline and Ovstuzhenka.
• Leningrad black from the guinea group. Sweet medium-sized berries, with pulp inseparable from the seeds. A tree of medium height, unstable to frost, not capable of self-pollination. Pollinators: Iput, Revna, Bryanochka, Tyutchevka and Veda.
• Leningrad pink - also belongs to the gini group. Small berries with a delicate, yellowish skin with ruddy barrels, the flesh is sweet and yellow. The plant is quite tall, has a lush crown, does not self-pollinate. It is recommended to plant next to the following varieties: Adelina, Chernyshevsky, Pink Pearl and Rechitsa.
• Tyutchevka is a medium-sized tree, very resistant to cold and disease. The berries are bright red, of medium size, well suited for freezing and transportation. The plant is partially self-pollinated. Recommended pollinators: Iput, Raditsa and Ovstuzhenka.
• Large-fruited - a tall, fast-growing tree with a broad-shaped crown of medium density. Large-fruited cherry has dark red berries, the weight of which is 10-12 grams, it is considered a dessert variety. The best pollinators will be Surprise and Oratovsky.

Late ripening varieties:

• Michurinka is not a tall tree that is resistant to drought and disease. The berries are dark red in color, strong, fleshy and sweet. Stored for a long time and well transported. The variety is self-fertile. Pollinators required: Michurinskaya late and Pink pearls.
• Bryansk pink - belongs to the bigarro group. The berries are medium-sized, about 5 grams, with a sweet pink pulp that cannot be separated from the stone. For pollination, the following varieties are suitable: Iput, Revna, Ovstuzhenka and Tyutchevka.

Yellow cherries that are not afraid of birds

Red fruits of cherries, especially early varieties, are very fond of pecking birds. If the garden is located near the forest, rowan thrushes arriving from it are capable of destroying the entire berry crop in a matter of hours. Therefore, it is better to cover the red-fruited varieties of the Moscow region with a net during the period of their fruiting.

Yellow cherries are not afraid of this misfortune - the birds do not touch its berries, and the harvest remains intact. In addition, red fruits do not tolerate heavy summer rains and often crack. The yellow cherry, in contrast to the red-sided cherry, does not have such a disadvantage.

Yellow cherry

The most common cherry variety in the Moscow region is “Zheltaya Priusadebnaya”. She is from the early maturing varieties of the bigarro group. The berries are of medium size, weighing about 5-6 grams, their pulp, like the peel, is yellow, sweet, but with a slight sourness. Yellow Household loves black soil, so it takes root well in the middle lane.

Features of the variety:

• self-pollinated tree, has high yield rates;
• fruiting begins quite late - at the 6th year, while ordinary trees begin to bear fruit in the fourth year;
• frost-resistant variety, resistant to fungal diseases, not afraid of cherry flies;
• requires frequent pruning and removal of shoots, since the tree multiplies quickly and has a very lush crown.

Low-growing trees - small, but remote

To achieve high yields on a small planting area, columnar fruit trees are increasingly used, since there is less maintenance and consumption of related materials, and mechanized harvesting is also applicable to them. Among the thousands of cultivated varieties known in the world, tall ones prevail.

Columnar fruit trees

And only a few of them, such as the yellow Fatezh cherry, have a relatively moderate growth. To breed low-growing sweet cherry varieties, modern breeders have used several methods of suppressing the dominant gene of tallness. We will tell you about two of them.

1. Growing dwarf donors. Cultivated large cherries are usually grown on antipka seedlings, which are vigorous rootstocks. Low-growing rootstocks are used to reduce the height of the tree. Clonal cherry rootstocks known today have a wide range of possible crown reduction, which is 20-90%. The effectiveness of the use of low-growing rootstocks has been noted by world breeders, industrial gardeners and private farms. Thanks to the latest research, the promising use of dwarf cherry rootstocks was confirmed, which influenced the further development of breeding in this direction.
2. Exposure of test specimens to radiation. This method is based on causing a mutation in plants that suppresses the dominant traits of their tall stature. As a result of the work of Canadian specialists, low-growing varieties of cherries were bred - dwarf Compact Lambert and Compact Stella. The resulting columnar forms have earlier periods of full fruiting than large-fruited tall cherries.

But, despite many advantages, even the best columnar varieties have a number of disadvantages. Flower buds of weakly growing cherry rootstocks have low resistance to spring frosts, which often leads to a noticeable loss of part of the crop. In addition, the buds of dwarf trees bloom earlier than those of tall plants, which can lead to the threat of freezing.

Another significant disadvantage of the columnar sweet cherry is its over-yielding capacity, since the fruits ultimately lose significantly in size, which affects their market value. To prevent this phenomenon, the crowns of columnar trees need to be regularly adjusted to regulate the load on the crop.

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