Botanical clematis the best varieties

One of the most popular plants in floriculture is clematis, and among climbing plants it is an undisputed favorite, not for nothing that many call him the king of lianas. The abundance of flowering and the variety of colors leave no doubt that this is really a hit.

Clematis flowers adorn any landscape design. Clematis is a flower that creates a feeling of comfort and coziness. Modern varieties of clematis allow them to be grown in various regions of our country.

The genus Clematis belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. The name of the genus comes from the Greek word klema, which once meant "climbing plant". Of the many popular names (lozinka, warthog, etc.) in Russia, "clematis" is most often used.

Types and varieties of clematis and their photos

The types of clematis are very diverse. These are not only lianas, but also shrubs and shrubs. Most of the species are leaf-climbing creepers that climb the support, wrapping around it with leaf stalks. The root system is also different: it is either pivotal or fibrous.

The following are the types of clematis with photos that show the beauty of the flower:

Clematis first appeared in the garden in 1569 in England. They began to engage in breeding in the 19th century, but active work began only in the 20th century. It is pleasant to note that the breeders A.N. Volosenko-Valenis, M.A.Beskaravaynoy, M.I. The only pity is that these types and varieties of clematis come to us today mainly from Dutch and Polish nurseries. Currently, active selection is being carried out in Poland, which has presented us with many interesting novelties.

Below on this page, see all clematis: varieties and photos, select species suitable for the garden and grow these amazing plants.

There is still no generally accepted botanical classification of clematis. They are divided into groups according to the origin of the species.

Most often in the gardens there are varieties of K. Zhakman (C. x jackmanii), because purple (C. viticella), because woolly (C. lanuginosa), because spreading (C. patens) and because flowering (C. florida ).

In gardening practice, it has recently been customary to divide clematis by flower size and by the type of pruning. By flower size, varieties are divided into small-flowered (up to 5-7 cm in diameter) and large-flowered.

3 groups of clematis pruning

According to the type of care, the plants are divided into 3 groups of clematis pruning. The first type of pruning includes clematis, which are not pruned. To the second - clematis, in which, after the first flowering, last year's faded shoots are cut out, and before winter the shoots of the current year are cut to the first leaf or shortened by about a quarter.The third type includes species and varieties in which the shoots are cut off completely or left 15-20 cm above the soil level. This type also includes clematis with herbaceous shoots dying off before winter, which are removed.

So, Zhakman's clematis and violet belong to the third pruning group, and woolly, spreading and flowering clematis belong to the second group. Clematis straight (C. recta) is a herbaceous perennial, and before winter its dying shoots are removed. This is how the main groups of clematis are formed, which can be grown on your site.

Time and period of flowering clematis

In central Russia, varieties that bloom on the shoots of the current year or do not require shelter for the winter take root and grow well. When choosing a large-flowered variety of clematis for your garden, preference should be given to varieties of K. Zhakman and K. purple. When choosing a variety, it is worth considering the flowering time of clematis.

The varieties that bloom on last year's shoots are not always suitable for our climate. Although the literature describes ways of sheltering such varieties, it is extremely difficult to find a "key" to a reliable shelter. If it is light enough and well ventilated, then the shoots often freeze in winter. If the shelter is tight, they vomit out. In addition, it is extremely difficult to remove it without breaking the plant. Therefore, from this group it makes sense to grow only those varieties that bloom profusely on the shoots of the current year. In this case, they can be cut, like clematis of the third group.

Most double varieties form double flowers on last year's shoots, and bloom with simple flowers on this year's shoots, so you most likely will not get double flowers in the Moscow region, despite the assurances of the sellers.

The exception is made by only a few varieties of the last years of selection of the type "Multi Blue" and "Blue Light", which bloom with double flowers on the shoots of the current year. The flowering period of clematis in this case is longer.

The most spectacular are large-flowered varieties with a wide range of colors. Their large flowers with prominent anthers fascinate with their beauty. It is very difficult to select varieties for recommendation.

Clematis straight and his photo

Clematis straight (C. recta) - unpretentious upright herbaceous perennial with a height of 1.5-2 m, requiring a garter. It blooms very profusely, creating a milky-white "foam" of small flowers, collected in huge inflorescences. The described strong aroma is not inherent in all plants.

Exist f. purpurea f. purpurea with purple young foliage and stems that turn green for flowering.

Look at clematis straight in the photo, which show the grace of the plant:

Clematis fargesioides and his photo

Clematis fargesioides (S. x fargesioides, syn. "Paul Farges", "Summer Snow") - a very powerful tall (up to 7 m) unpretentious liana. Blooms profusely from July to September on the shoots of the current year with small creamy white flowers, creating the illusion of falling snow. Some authors note a pleasant smell, especially in the evening hours. Free cropping.

Photos of clematis fargesioides can be viewed further on this page:

Clematis whole-leafed and his photo

Whole-leaf clematis (C. integrifolia) "Rosea" ("Rosea") - bush clematis with thin sticking shoots. The flowers are bell-shaped, dark pink. After flowering, the bush is decorated with fluffy seedlings. Shoots 0.4-1 m long.

"Hakuree" - variety of clematis whole-leaved (C. integrifolia), undersized (up to 0.5 m high) non-sticking dwarf shrub. The bell-shaped drooping flowers, white with a pale purple dusting and with a light purple center, are very graceful due to the strongly curled sepals. Blooms from June to September.

The following are photos of clematis whole-leafed of various varieties:

Lambton Park - variety of clematis tangut (S.tangutica), which is distinguished by bright yellow bell flowers large for this group. Blooms profusely from late May - June to mid-summer. Later, the plant is decorated with fluffy silvery seedlings. Free cropping. The plant is 3.5-5 m high.

Purpurea Plena Elegans, syn. Elegans Plena, Andre (Purpurea Plena Elegance), - variety K. violet (C. viticella), shrub vine with strong shoots 2.5-3.5 m high. Double red-purple flowers of medium size bloom slowly. Blooms for a long time in the summer on the shoots of the current year.

Rooguchi - variety K. whole-leafed (C. integrifolia), blooms from June to September with elegant violet-blue "bells" with light bending edges. Plant height 1.5-2 m.

Clematis purple: varieties and photos

Violet clematis has a bright, saturated color. There are different varieties of purple clematis, below is one of them.

Look at the clematis flowers in the photo and choose the right variety. Although it should be borne in mind that the photo of clematis does not convey the aroma that its buds exude.

Savannah, syn. "Eviopo032" ("Savannah"), - variety K. violet (S. viticella), climbing non-clinging dwarf shrub. It blooms profusely with deep crimson-pink drooping bell-shaped flowers from mid-summer to September. Liana 1.5-2.5 m high.

We also suggest looking at a photo of purple clematis and assessing its visual appeal:

The flowering period of clematis can be increased through the use of species and varieties of early flowering small-flowered clematis, which some botanists distinguish into a separate class of Knyazhiki (Atragene).

The best varieties of clematis for the Moscow region

Clematis for the Moscow region should be selected very carefully. The following are zoned varieties of clematis for the Moscow region. Suitable for cultivation in our climate are alpine (C. alpina), large-petal (C. macropetala), Siberian (C. sibirica), which is considered by some botanists as a variety of alpine species, and Okhotsk (S. ochotensis). These are shrubby lianas with woody stems, blooming in May-June with single drooping broad-bell-shaped flowers. Individual flowers often appear throughout the summer. Plants are winter-hardy, they are actively selected in Canada. Growing conditions are the same as for other clematis. They do not require annual pruning, only sanitary pruning and thinning of shoots in adult bushes are carried out. They clearly deserve more distribution in our gardens, because their "floating" flowers are very delicate and graceful.

The best varieties of clematis for the Moscow region include the following cultivars:

Lemon Dream - a variety that stands out with a light lemon-yellow color of flowers, which, however, fade. It has terry bell-shaped flowers that are uncharacteristically large for princes, which have a weak grapefruit aroma. Plant height 2-3 m.

Clematis "Markham's Pink" blooms profusely with beautiful semi-double crimson-pink flowers. Liana up to 2.5 m high.

Maidwell Hall - these are the best clematis for the Moscow region, bloom profusely with semi-double purple-blue bell flowers. The plant reaches a height of 2-2.5 m.

Purple Dream - a variety with large double pink-purple bell-shaped flowers with twisted "sharp" sepals that slightly smell of grapefruit. The plant is 2-3m high.

Clematis "Rosie O'Grady" blooms profusely with pink drooping "bells". Liana 2-3 m high.

Stolwijk Gold - the first variety with golden yellow leaves, which contrast with violet-blue bell-shaped flowers. Plant height 2-2.5 m.

Clematis "White Swan" blooms profusely with white, semi-double, drooping flowers. Liana reaches a height of 2-3 m.

Clematis Jacques

Clematis Zhakmana (S. x jackmanii, syn. "Jackmanii") - one of the first varieties bred in the 19th century, gave rise to a whole group and still has not lost its popularity: it continues to be grown in gardens and offered in nurseries. It blooms very profusely with dark blue-violet flowers with contrasting yellow anthers. Liana reaches a height of 3-4 m.

"Comtesse de Bouchaud" - a variety of clematis with pale lilac-pink flowers, abundantly covering the bush. Plant height 2-3 m.

Crystal Fountain, syn. Fairy Blue, Evipo038 (Crystal Fontaine), - one of the few varieties that form "double" flowers on the shoots of the current year. The flowers are also distinguished by a delicate bluish-lilac color. The height of the vine is 1.5-2.5 m.

Alpine Clematis and his photo

Alpine Clematis "alpina" - see photo: it has beautiful lilac-blue flowers with pointed corrugated sepals with spectacular dark purple anthers. Shoot length up to 2.5 m.

Hagley Hybrid - is still one of the best pink varieties, a type of alpine clematis. Lilac-pink flowers, star-shaped with wavy edges, with a pearlescent tint, with red-purple anthers are admirable. The plant is 2-2.5 m high.

Next, you can see a photo of alpine clematis:

Girlish grape clematis

The girlish clematis grape is distinguished by a variety of varieties and varieties with different flowering periods.

"Mazury" - a variety of clematis with really double pure blue flowers with light spots, which at the beginning of flowering have a beautiful regular shape, as if they were made of tissue paper. Greenish spots on the outer circumference of the petals. Fading, the flower opens wide, revealing creamy pistils. The analogy with tissue paper is also remembered in rainy weather, when the flowers "sag". Liana 2-3 m high.

Clematis "Minister" has flowers with pointed sepals with grooved edges of blue-lavender color with a pink-purple stripe. The plant reaches a height of 2-2.5 m.

"Niobe" - a variety of clematis with pointed velvety flowers of a dense dark purple color, on which yellow anthers are clearly distinguished. The plant is 2-2.5 m high.

PiilU, syn. Little Duckling, - a profusely flowering variety with lilac-pink flowers with a dark pink elongated spot at the base of the sepals, bright yellow anthers. On last year's shoots, it blooms with semi-double flowers. Shoot length 1.5-2 m.

Clematis "Pohjanael" has lilac-purple flowers with a bright purple stripe in the center of the sepals. Liana 2-2.5 m high.

Rouge Cardinal - one of the best "red" varieties of clematis. The flowers are deep red-purple with contrasting creamy white anthers. Shoot length up to 3 m.

"Romantika" ("Romance") - a very powerful (2.5-3 m high) unpretentious variety of clematis. Velvet black-purple flowers with yellow anther eyes almost completely hide the leaves.

Clematis "Valge Daam" with white flowers with a bluish glow, which become snow-white by the end of flowering. Anthers are brownish. Shoot length up to 2 m.

"Stasik" - a domestic undersized variety of clematis, captivating with star-shaped velvety wine-red flowers. Some of our "specialists" have recorded it in Polish varieties. Liana is compact, height 1-1.5 m.

"Roko-Kolla" ("Roko-Kolla") are distinguished by rare colors with white flowers with a noticeable green stripe.

"Teksa" ("Tex") with flowers as if made of denim.

Wada's Primrose, syn. Yellow Queen (Vadas Primrose), with light yellow flowers.

Many undeservedly deprive of attention small-flowered clematis, which are very diverse and elegant. Some of them are able to cover a large area, others will easily fit into mixborders, where they will not "pull" all attention to themselves, and their graceful flowers will make a successful union with other plants. When choosing a tall, small-flowered variety, do not forget about winter hardiness and plant those varieties that winter without shelter. The selection here is also very varied and far surpasses the above hybrids.

Clematis (clematis) is one of the ornamental flowering plants that are successfully used for vertical gardening of the garden. Amazing clematis plants - they bloom with large bright flowers, one glance at the liana is enough for the plant to sink into the soul, charming any flower lover. In this article - everything about the classification of clematis, agricultural technology for growing crops, an overview of the main varieties.

Clematis: botanical reference

Lomonosas are beautiful flowers that grow over 15 meters.

Clematis (clematis) is included in the extensive Buttercup family. In nature, the plant is found in the subtropical and temperate zones; in total, about 300 varieties of clematis are known.

The genus includes ornamental shrubs and climbing vines, mainly clematis with a liana-shaped stem are grown, which are used for landscaping small architectural forms, gazebos, pergolas and verandas. The plant grows well in winter gardens and open field.

Different species of clematis are very different from each other in the structure of the root system (pivotal or fibrous); the size of the flowers; type of pruning and a number of other signs.

Among the plants, you can find specimens with large and small flowers of a simple or double shape. The petals range in color from pure white to dark purple. Often the corolla of a flower has a multicolored color, contrasting stripes on the petals or a spot in the center.

Typically, the plant height is 2 to 4 meters, the flower diameter is up to 15 cm.

Classification

The varietal variety of clematis has led to some difficulties in the classification of plants. Currently, among florists, simplified methods are used for classifying vines of the genus clematis according to certain groups of characters.

Clematis flowers can have different corolla sizes, there are small-flowered and large-flowered species. Natural varieties of bush and liana-like varieties of clematis usually have small flowers.

Small-flowered

Blue small-flowered clematis are full of charm and charm.

• Among the small-flowered species, clematis Tangutika can be distinguished. Plants in this group grow up to 4 meters in height. Flowering begins in mid-summer and lasts until mid-autumn. Clematis Tangut blooms with bell-shaped flowers, which are painted in yellow tones. The plant grows well on any soil, blooms in the shade and in the sun. Liana is distinguished by high frost resistance, clematis Tangut is able to withstand a drop in temperature to -30C, if necessary, the shoots are radically shortened in mid-autumn.
• Another classic representative of small-flowered clematis is paniculata clematis. This species has the longest liana-shaped stem, which can reach over 11 meters in height. The flowering of the variety begins in the second half of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. Milky-white flowers are quite medium-sized, their size rarely exceeds 3 cm, collected in inflorescences, they almost completely cover the liana along its entire length. Paniculata clematis easily tolerate severe winters, are undemanding to care, and give a sufficient annual growth of green mass.

Large-flowered

Large and bright flowers of clematis can be simple or double-shaped.

Jacqueman's group (Clematis Jackmanii)

Hybrid variety of Zhakman's clematis, obtained by crossing in the middle of the 19th century.

A large shrub-type liana has a branched root system, which is able to hold the heavy aerial part of the plant with large odd-pinnate leaves. Flowers develop on the shoots of the current year, so in winter it is allowed to carry out cardinal pruning of the plant.

The huge flowers reach over 15 cm in diameter, the color of the petals is purple.

Clematis Jacques needs to be planted near the walls of houses, or provide special supports for growing shoots. For growing crops, it is preferable to choose light areas, reliably protected from the prevailing winds, with moist, well-drained soils. With annual pruning, renewal shoots with 2-3 pairs of buds are left.

Woolly Clematis (Clematis lanuginosa)

Part of the Lanuginoza group. The shrub-type deciduous vine does not grow taller than 2.5 meters. Huge flowers (diameter from 16 to 20 cm), mostly painted in white-pink tones, bloom on thin stems last year and new shoots of the current year.Shown annual sparing pruning - shoots up to 1 meter long are left from the ground. For the winter, the plant must be carefully covered.

Huge clematis flowers with bizarre stamens amaze the imagination.

Clematis varieties of Viticella group

Liana up to 5 meters high does not require winter shelter, but flowering is possible only with the growth of the current year, therefore clematis of this group are heavily pruned before winter. The flowers are large, up to 12 cm in diameter, abundantly cover adult plants from June to September. The intensity of the color of flowers, their diameter and number on the plant, entirely depend on the correctly applied dressings.

Varieties of the Patens group

Low shrub vines (bush height up to 3.5 meters). Single flowers in full dissolution reach 15 cm, the color varies from blue to intense blue. In this group, varieties with double flowers of an unusual two-tone color are often found. Mixed flowering: in the spring the buds are formed on the shoots of the last year, in the fall - on the growth of the current one. In winter, the stems of clematis of Patens are slightly shortened, thoroughly protected from the cold - the winter hardiness of plants of this group is very low.

Clematis group Florida (Clematis florida)

Climbing shrubs up to 3 meters high. Flowering begins on the shoots of the last year in early spring. Flowers of this group often emit a fragrant aroma. For the winter, cut off slightly; for the winter, the vines need to provide shelter. With sanitary pruning at the root, the plant does not bloom for the first half of the season, the first concrete appears only at the end of summer on new shoots.

In addition to the described groups of large-flowered clematis, there are varieties and hybrids with a liana-like or shrub type of growth, blooming with huge bright flowers.

Classification by type of trim

Modern varietal and hybrid clematis are increasingly distinguished by the pruning group, in total there are three such groups.

1. For the first group of plants, which includes clematis Florida; Patens; large-sized; Alpine; the appearance of flower buds on the shoots of the last year is characteristic. Given the high frost resistance of the botanical species included in this group, it is possible to ignore the pruning of plants in the winter, but it is still recommended to carry it out annually in the summer after flowering. Formative pruning helps to remove weak, thinned and faded shoots, to give the bushes a more decorative shape. Before the onset of cold weather, the plants manage to form new shoots, which will delight you with flowering next year.
2. The second group includes plants that bloom twice a season: the first wave of flowering occurs in spring, when flowers appear on the shoots of last year. The second wave of flowering begins in mid-summer on new shoots that have appeared on plants after wintering. The second group of pruning involves the complete removal of last year's faded shoots. After the second wave of flowering, a second pruning of the plant is carried out before winter. Representatives of this group can be considered clematis Lanuginoza, as well as some hybrid varieties of clematis Patens and Florida.
3. Clematis of the third pruning group (Zhakmana, Vititsella) are considered the easiest to grow and care for. It is allowed to prune vines in autumn or spring after wintering. 2-3 pairs of buds are left on the trunk from below, the rest of the liana is removed. At the time of pruning, you can adjust the flowering intensity of the plant next year - the more dramatically the pruning is done, the fewer flowers appear on clematis next year, but there is a plus in such pruning - they will increase significantly in size.

Landing in open ground

Growing clematis in the open field requires compliance with agrotechnical requirements for the care of the crop. The first thing that you need to pay close attention to is the choice of a place for planting a plant and the correct carrying out of planting work.

In order for clematis vines to please with their lush flowering, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to choosing a place to place plants. The heavy above-ground part of clematis requires support, therefore, it is best to place plants near existing supports - fences, gazebos, walls of buildings or outbuildings. If you cannot find the optimal place with the existing supports, you need to build them specifically at the planting site of the bushes.

A strong wind is contraindicated for clematis, especially a draft can harm young immature plants, whose leaves and petals are severely damaged in an open place. Planting clematis should be carried out taking into account the choice of a calm place.

Clematis loves moist soil, but damp and swampy areas for growing plants are contraindicated.

Planting clematis in a sunny area is preferable to shade, but not in areas with hot climates. In the open sun, the leaves and flowers of the plant can get burned, so it is worth considering shading the plants on a hot afternoon. An east-facing garden area is ideal for planting.

How to plant clematis in spring

A cascade of bright colors almost completely obscures the foliage.

You can start planting clematis seedlings in the spring with the onset of steady heat, at the end of April or May. Planting pits with dimensions of 0.6x0.6x0.6 m can be prepared in advance. If the site has poor, infertile soil, care should be taken to replace it with a nutrient mixture composed of compost, peat, sand, garden soil with the addition of 0.4 kg of dolomite flour and double superphosphate (0 , 15 kg).

At the bottom of the dug hole, a drainage layer of fine gravel, expanded clay or broken brick is poured. On top of the expanded clay layer, a mound is poured from the prepared soil mixture, a seedling is placed on it and the hole is covered with soil. The seedling must be buried in the ground up to the first internode. The near-trunk circle is not filled up to its full height, the difference between the soil level in the hole and the existing site should be about 10 cm. Mulch is added to this recess, and then the hole is gradually filled under the level of the site.

It is very important when planting to immediately install supports to support the plants.

The distance between individual bushes is maintained at about 1 m.

How to properly plant plants in the fall

In the autumn months, it is customary to plant clematis seedlings in open ground only in areas with a warm climate. Planting is carried out in the same way as in spring, only the pit is immediately filled with soil, on top of which insulation is laid. Overwintered seedlings are opened in the spring, choosing a 10 cm thick layer of soil from the surface of the pit. During the summer season, the pit is filled with soil, adding it gradually, with this filling, new shoots that have grown from underground internodes develop more easily.

Growing clematis from seeds

Varietal seedlings of clematis are distinguished by good survival rate, but their cost is quite high, so flower growers often try to grow plants from seeds. This is a rather troublesome occupation, because it can take a long time for the seed to germinate.

• Large seeds germinate the longest, the germination of which can take up to 8 months. A long period of time is required to obtain seedlings of Jacqueman, woolly, Durand clematis and several more groups of plants. In addition to the long germination period, large clematis seeds can hatch very unevenly. Sowing time - immediately after harvest.
• Medium-sized seeds of clematis Manchurian, Chinese, Douglas germinate within 2 - 6 months. Sowing dates are January.
• Amicable shoots can be observed when sowing small clematis seeds - Tangut clematis emerges in a period of 2 weeks to 4 months. Sowing dates - March.

Seeds of clematis must be sown for seedlings only fresh, harvested in the current year.The maximum shelf life of seed in paper bags is 4 years, germination is maintained if the temperature regime is maintained from + 10C to 23C.

Seed germination can be accelerated by pre-soaking the seed. Clematis seeds are soaked for up to 10 days, changing the water daily, after which they are sown in a mixture of sand and peat. The seed containers are best placed in a greenhouse.

Diseases and pests

A nematode on the roots of clematis is a big trouble, the plant must be culled and destroyed.

It is possible to prevent the development of diseases, for this it is very important to carefully observe the agricultural technology of growing crops. But sometimes the development of fungal diseases is noted on plants, the fight against which boils down to improving the conditions for keeping plants and treating diseased specimens with the drugs "Topaz", "Skor" or "Fundazol".

Vines often suffer from pests, especially during dry, hot summers. On the leaves, you can find dried leaves and a small cobweb - this is how plants infected with a spider mite look like. Treating plants with insecticides will help get rid of the pest.

If there are thickenings on the roots of plants that look like clusters of beads, this means that the plants are affected by the rootworm nematode. There is no cure for this pest. Diseased bushes are dug up and burned. It is not recommended to plant clematis at this place for several years. Annual marigolds and calendula will help scare off the nematode from the site.

Slugs and snails can severely harm the young leaves of clematis in spring. You can remove them from plants manually during preventive examinations of vines.

Clematis are charming flowering plants with a huge variety of unique colors and shapes, and growing them in the garden will help create amazingly beautiful landscapes.

Clematis is considered an exotic plant. But his capricious disposition is often exaggerated. Even a beginner can get a beautiful vine in his garden. To do this, you need to choose the most unpretentious variety of clematis.

Clematis are different. And in almost every group you can find attractive plants that are easy to care for.

The clematis Atragene, Jackmanii, Integrifolia and Viticella adapt best to the unstable climate of the middle zone. In addition, it should be borne in mind that plants with blue, purple and purple flowers are less demanding in care. The lighter the petals, the more capricious the plant.

Today, gardeners are most attracted by the varieties of large-flowered clematis (in particular, their hybrids). Although small-flowered forms are considered less demanding on agricultural technology.

So, let's see which varieties of clematis will create less trouble for flower growers and delight them with lush flowering.

Avant-Garde

This medium-sized liana from the Viticella group has medium-sized flowers (up to 5 cm in diameter), but there are a lot of them. The outermost petals are red, and the double center is pink. Flowering is observed from June to September, not only in the sun, but also in partial shade. The plant is winter-hardy, but in late autumn it needs a lot of pruning.

Anastasia Anisimova

This clematis from the Integrifolia group has been cultivated in Russia for over 50 years (the variety was bred in 1961). Liana grows up to two meters. From July to October, its shoots are decorated with light, sky-blue flowers (10-14 cm in diameter) with six delicate petals. They are similar in color to smoky crystal. Up to 14 flowers bloom on one shoot.

The plant is suitable for growing in gardens and balconies. Resistant to fungal diseases and undemanding in maintenance.

The clematis variety got its name in honor of the oldest employee of the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Ballerina (Balerina)

This variety is famous for its long flowering - from May to September.Among the green leaves, large (up to 15 cm in diameter) white flowers with dark cherry stamens appear on the shoots of the current and last year. Sometimes a greenish tint is barely noticeable on the petals.

The variety of white clematis is named after the outstanding ballerina Maya Plisetskaya.

Ville de Lyon

This variety of French origin is characterized by high winter hardiness and good immunity to fungal diseases. Large flowers of a red-carmine shade (in the bright sun - fuchsia color) with pubescent stamens bloom in June and do not fade until the end of summer. Over time, the flowers acquire a lilac-purple hue and become smaller. Ville de Lyon's clematis petals are unevenly colored, which makes the plant even more attractive.

Gipsy Queen

This large-flowered clematis, like its “brothers”, loves light, but the root collar of the plant should be in the shade. Velvety deep purple or purple flowers (10-15 cm in diameter) with red-burgundy stamens abundantly cover the vine from June to September.

In late autumn, the plant needs a lot of pruning. It is suitable for growing near fences, walls, gazebos, pergolas, trellises, as well as in small containers. In addition, clematis can climb natural supports: trees, deciduous and coniferous shrubs.

Luther Burbank

This variety was bred a long time ago, but thanks to its good resistance to frost and fungal diseases, it does not lose its popularity to this day. Large flowers (15-25 cm in diameter) with six purple petals begin to appear in July and wither only at the end of October. Light stripes on the petals and cream anthers in the center give a special charm to the flowers.

The height of the liana is 2.5-3.5 m. For the winter, clematis shoots are strongly cut off, leaving only 20-30 cm above ground level.

Purpurea Plena Elegans (Purpurea Plena Elegans)

This popular plant belongs to the Viticella group. Clematis of this variety has long been loved by flower growers for small (up to 7 cm in diameter) double burgundy flowers, which continuously, from June to September, densely cover a medium-sized liana (up to 3 m).

Clematis Purpurea Plena Elegance is suitable for planting near fences, pergolas, gazebos, old buildings, and also looks good as a ground cover plant. Not afraid of frost, needs strong pruning (third type).

Rouge Cardinal

This clematis received a gold medal at an exhibition in Holland. It was bred in France in 1968 and is a hybrid from the Jacquemann group (obtained from crossing Clematis Lanuginoza with Clematis Viticella).

From July to September, the vine (2-3 m long) is decorated with large (up to 15 cm in diameter) reddish-purple flowers with yellow stamens in the center. In favorable weather, the shoots lengthen by 5-10 cm or more in one day. The plant is resistant to disease and frost, in autumn it requires strong pruning.

If you're still not sure if you can grow this attractive vine on your own, take a look at our article 9 Frequently Asked Questions about Clematis. We hope that after reading it you will have no doubts, and a flower of one of the unpretentious varieties will soon decorate your garden!

Florists undoubtedly consider clematis to be one of the most popular climbing plants. Some connoisseurs even call him the king of vines. The title of a favorite is confirmed by a huge variety of colors and abundant flowering of this interesting plant.

Clematis is also often used in the development of landscape design. The varieties planted in all their variety in flower beds are designed to create a feeling of coziness and comfort. Moreover, this flower can be found in many regions of our vast country. To grow it in different climatic conditions, modern varieties bred by breeders allow.

Description

The name of the clematis weaving flower came to us from the Greek language.Translated, it means nothing more than "climbing plant". In Russia, it is often called clematis or warthog.

Clematis belongs to the genus Clematis, which is one of forty-eight members of the Ranunculaceae family. This flower has many similarities with wild plants such as garden anemone and buttercup, hellebore and delphinium.

To date, almost three hundred species of clematis are known. Moreover, you can find a curly flower on all continents, with the exception of Antarctica. Most types of clematis are leaf climbers. That is why they are best grown on supports.

According to its classification, clematis belongs to woody plants. This is due to the fact that after two to three years of growth, its stem becomes fibrous and stiff. The only exception is the herbaceous type of clematis.

The warthog, familiar to our area, is a deciduous plant that sheds its plumage at the end of the growing season. But in nature, you can also find evergreen species.

Clematis has one characteristic feature. The varieties of this plant, planted in flower beds, attract bees with their bright flowering. However, clematis gives only pollen to striped workers. Insects do not collect nectar from bright flowers.

Clematis growth begins only after the soil warms up to + 4-6 degrees. This usually happens in April. Those plants that grow on last year's shoots bloom already in May or June. Young clematis delight with the brightness of their colors only at the end of summer.

A simple type of plant blooms for one week, and for a terry plant, this period lasts almost twenty-one days. Clematis pleases not only with the brightness of its color. Many of its varieties have a pleasant smell of primrose, almond or jasmine. Some varieties, such as Clematis Integrifolia, are suitable for cutting into bouquets.

The brightness of the color of clematis petals depends not only on the variety. It is influenced by the illumination of the place where the plant is planted. The more light falls on this area, the more saturated color the petals acquire. With a small hit of the sun's rays, clematis loses its brightness and becomes pale. However, when planting vines, it is worth considering the fact that the color saturation is lost even in too bright light.

As for the shape of the flowers, it is different for different types of clematis. The plant can please the eye:
- tiny blue and white stars;
- single bell;
- tulip shape;
- double bell;
- the shape of a flashlight, etc.

The sizes of flowers, as a rule, are small, but their number is so large that they literally cover clematis. The varieties bred by breeders differ from natural ones. Such flowers sometimes reach twenty-five centimeters in diameter. In the West, clematis is also grown in special greenhouses. Species and varieties for which professional care is carried out can decorate up to two hundred flowers.

A bit of history

The cultivation of the "king of lianas" in European countries began in the 16th century. Even earlier, these amazingly beautiful flowers began to be planted in Japan. Clematis appeared in Russia only at the beginning of the 19th century. The varieties (see the photo below) of this climbing plant were grown in greenhouses.

In the middle of the 20th century, active work on the cultivation of clematis began in our country. As a result of selection work, amazingly beautiful forms and varieties have been created, in which you can see all the charm of this magnificent plant.

Classification

The division of the "king of lianas" into species and varieties is based on the characteristics of its size, flowering, origin. Affects the classification and what method is used in order to trim clematis.

The varieties that are currently available to gardeners are divided into groups. The most popular for cultivation are large-flowered clematis.These include varieties belonging to such groups as Viticella and Jacquemana, Patens and Lanuginoza, Florida and Integrifolia. These are decorative clematis. Large-flowered varieties are very effective in creating both vertical and horizontal compositions. They are used to decorate fences, walls, etc.

There are also small-flowered clematis. The varieties of these plants form such groups as pungent and mountainous, oriental and paniculate, as well as serrate-leaved clematis. The diameter of their small flowers ranges from 2 to 4 cm. In this regard, they are not used so widely. Flowers-clematis varieties of small-flowered are unpretentious and frost-resistant. In addition, their leaves have a very interesting shape. At the same time, flowering in such a plant begins quite early. Designers are happy to use small-flowered clematis. The varieties described above are excellent for decorating large areas. Plants are placed directly on the ground, without supports, resulting in a magnificent natural carpet.

Recently, professionals have been using a simplified classification. There clematis varieties are grouped somewhat differently. Pruning is the main criterion for this classification. Its type is often indicated on the packaging in which a particular variety or type is sold. After reading this information, it becomes obvious how to choose the right program for growing this amazing vine. Consider clematis (species and varieties of this plant) in more detail.

Zhakman. general description

Clematis, the varieties of which are included in this group, are large-flowered. The ancestor is considered to be a hybrid of the same name Zhakmana. It was grown in 1858. In order to obtain this clematis, the species and varieties of this plant from other groups were crossed with each other. As a result, a large liana was bred, growing up to four meters in height and having a well-developed root system. Today, the best varieties of clematis used by gardeners belong to this group. Over the summer, such a vine grows up to four meters and gives about twelve shoots.

Plants of the Zhakman group are distinguished by large flowers, the leaves of which are painted in blue-violet-purple tones. Moreover, they are all odorless. Flowers, whose diameter reaches fifteen centimeters, have a contrasting yellow anther. This culture is popular with landscape designers. Liana blooms profusely throughout the summer on young shoots. She prefers well-moistened and drained soils, as well as sheltered from the wind. Clematis of the Jacquemann group love bright light and need periodic pruning. At the end of autumn, the shoots of these plants are prepared for winter. They are cut to the very level of the soil. And if the planting was not deepened, then the bases of the stems are left with two or three pairs of buds.

Varieties

A variety of clematis are currently on sale. Varieties, with photos of which can be found in advance, are selected depending on the preferences of gardeners or designers. All hybrids included in the Zhakman group are distinguished by strong growth, beauty, abundant and long flowering, as well as unpretentiousness. What kind of clematis varieties include in their list? Their description is so diverse that everyone can choose a plant of the desired color of flowers, height and flowering period. Such vines will perfectly decorate the arch and the wall of the house, the gazebo and the garden.

The varieties of the Zhakman group have a varied color palette. There are shades of pink and light bluish, lilac and red, as well as velvet purple. Two-tone varieties look very elegant.

Large-flowered clematis, part of the Jacqueman group, is Luther Burbank. The flowers of the plant of this variety reach twenty-five centimeters in diameter. This is the maximum size for these clematis.

Almost all shrub vines that are part of the Zhakman group are decorated with flowers of 4-6 petals. However, their shape is diverse and depends on the type of clematis. There are hybrids with diamond-shaped petals. Their shape can be round, elongated, corrugated, elliptical, etc.

It is distinguished by an amazing liana and a variety of stem height. So, clematis, the name of the varieties of which is Riistimägi or Rüütel, is rather undersized. Its stem is barely one meter in size. Among the plants of this group, there are also tall vines. Varieties such as Elegy, Luther Burbank and Cosmic Melody rise to a height of five to six meters. In landscape design, low clematis are often planted next to high ones. In such cases, varieties are selected with contrasting colors in color.

Plants from the Jacquemann group of Madame Baron Weillard, Victory Salute and Gypsy Queen are late. They decorate their garden with flowering until the onset of frost.

The varieties of this group have one important feature. Before sheltering for the winter, they must be cut off. The flowering of these plants will be formed only on the shoots of the current year. Strong pruning, up to 15-30 cm, saves time and simplifies clematis care.

The bulk of the varieties belonging to the Zhakman group are resistant to diseases and have good frost resistance. These vines grow rapidly and bloom luxuriantly even in risky gardening zones, in the unfavorable climate of northwestern Russia.

Lanugizon. general description

This group has another name - woolly Clematis. It includes shrub lianas, the height of which reaches 2.5 meters. Their mass flowering occurs on the shoots of the previous year, as well as on the growths of the current one. The varieties included in the Lanugizon group were obtained by crossing the woolly snow-white clematis with the forms and varieties of other groups. The leaf plate of these vines is simple. However, its peculiarity lies in the fact that the bottom is woolly, and the top is smooth. In length, the sheets reach 12 centimeters.

The flowers of clematis of the Lanugizon group are white or purple in color. They are decorated with 6 to 8 sepals. The number of flowers per plant often reaches several dozen. Moreover, they are all located on woolly pedicels. The diameter of the flowers of such vines ranges from 12 to 20 centimeters.

If clematis of varieties belonging to the Lanugizon group grow on the garden plot, then in the fall they should be cut off to a meter height. After that, the stems are covered with sawdust or peat. Such preparation will allow the plant to survive the winter cold perfectly.

Lanugizona: varieties

One of the representatives of this group of clematis is the Ballerina. Its shoots 2-3 meters long are decorated with cruciform flowers of a pale green-yellow hue. Buds can develop on last year's shoots. Then the plant will bloom in June. In August, it will become a real decoration of the garden only if the buds appear on young shoots.

Light purple colors will delight the Ball of Flowers. This is a variety of clematis belonging to the Lanuginose group. What flowers does it have? Disc-shaped, with wavy edges, growing up to 21 centimeters in diameter.

The Ideal variety can decorate the garden with star-shaped flowers. Moreover, this period will last from June to October. The flowers of this variety of clematis grow up to twenty centimeters in diameter and have beautiful wavy edges.

Pink tones are given to us by the grade Nadezhda. It is a clematis with cruciform flowers reaching 16 centimeters in diameter.

In addition to the ones listed above, the most popular among gardeners are varieties of the Lanuginosa group, such as:
- Youth (with pale pink flowers that have a raspberry hue);
- Nelly Moser (pink-blue with a dark pink stripe located in the center of the sepal);
- Blue Gem (dark blue).

Viticella. general description

Clematis of this group is a climbing liana, reaching a length of 4-5 meters and distinguished by a special grace. All varieties of Viticella are capable of growing rapidly and can winter in the garden without any shelter. Ribbed thin shoots of clematis of this group are distinguished by a brownish-green tint. The leaf plates located on them, sometimes feathery in shape, consist of five to six leaflets and reach 6 centimeters in length.

The flowers of the clematis of the Viticella group are large. Their average diameter is within 12 cm. The plant is a true decoration of the garden from June to September. On adult plants, up to one hundred flowers can bloom at the same time. At the same time, the liana pleases the eye with red-purple, lilac or violet-blue shades.

Flowering occurs on the shoots of the current year, which are pruned for the winter. All varieties of this group are photophilous and demanding on soil fertility and moisture. Such clematis is used for both single and group plantings near gazebos, walls and various supports.

Viticella: varieties

For its good shoot-forming ability, the Ville de Lyon variety is especially popular with gardeners. This plant with disc-shaped flowers up to 10-15 centimeters in diameter belongs to the Viticella group. It has been a bright decoration of the garden since July-August.

The difference between the disc-shaped flowers of the Madame Grange variety is that their inner side has a velvety dark purple surface. Outside, they are smoky purple. Liana reaches a length of up to 2.5 m and has an average shoot formation.

The Ai-Nor variety will delight gardeners with pale red-purple flowers with a blue-violet tint at the very base. It is winter-hardy. Moreover, the flowers (10-14 centimeters in diameter), appearing in July, immediately have bright colors, and then turn pale, becoming almost white.

Spreading clematis, or the Patens group

These shrub vines reach a height of 3-3.5 meters. The plant stems are decorated with single open flowers, most often star-shaped. Their diameter reaches 15 and more centimeters.

The color of the varieties of the Patens group is very diverse. The palette includes all colors - from light to violet-blue, magenta and deep blue-violet. There are terry clematis among them. The varieties of this group can also be represented by plants with a two-colored perianth. After the end of flowering, which lasts from spring to autumn, the branches should only be shortened and sheltered from the winter cold.

The most popular varieties from the Patens group among gardeners are:
- Cassiopeia with disc-shaped pale purple flowers;
- Lord Neville, decorating the garden with semi-double flowers with dark blue-violet petals with dark purple veins;
- Nelly Moser with light purple-lilac flowers with a wide red-purple middle stripe;
- President with upward-pointing star-shaped flowers tinged in purple.

Flowering Clematis, or Florida group

These shrub vines can grow up to 3 meters in length. Their flowers reach up to 8-12 centimeters in diameter. Different varieties of clematis from the Florida group have an individual smell.

Most often, these vines have six sepals. But such varieties have also been bred in the Florida group, which are decorated with double flowers. Coloring is usually varied. However, there is a predominance of light colors.

These vines bloom on the shoots of the previous year from spring or early summer. For the winter, they are covered, having previously shortened to 1-1.5 m. With complete pruning, flowering will begin on young shoots, but only from the second half of summer.

The most popular varieties in this group are:
- Jeanne D'Arc, abundantly strewn with disc-shaped white flowers;
- Mrs. Cholmondeli with disc-shaped violet-blue flowers;
- pale firlet Proteus and many others.

Whole-leaf clematis, or Integlypholia group

These varieties were bred in 1975 in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. An independent group of clematis is of particular interest for landscape design. As a rule, these are semi-shrubs, reaching heights of up to 1.5 m. They can be climbing, weakly clinging or not clinging to supports at all.

Flowers in such plants are usually bell-shaped. They can be placed one at a time, or they can be assembled three at a time. Their diameter reaches 12 centimeters. The buds of such clematis are drooping. For the winter, shoots that bloom profusely and very effectively in the summer should be cut off.

The most popular varieties of clematis in this group:
- Alyonushka with satin-lilac-pink flowering;
- Blue Bird with deep blue-purple flower petals;
- Memory of the Heart with violet-purple tones;
- pale violet-blue variety Anastasia Anisimova and others.

Choice for landscape design

In order to decorate a particular piece of land, you must carefully read the description of the different varieties of clematis. Those that belong to the Florida and Patens groups are the most difficult to preserve in winter conditions. However, this clematis is white. Varieties with flowers of varied and very bright colors are the most effective in design. They are able to decorate the garden of the most experienced professionals. Beginners can recommend more unpretentious clematis. These are varieties from groups such as Vititsella, Zhakmana and Lanuginoza.

Many landscape designers prefer large-flowered vines. Among them:
- white clematis (varieties Ballerina or Seagull, Polar Star);
- pink clematis (absurdity and Pope Jan Paul II varieties);
- blue clematis (varieties Splash of the sea and Biryuzinka);
- clematis raspberry, red and purple (varieties Alexandrite, Dawn, etc.).