Detailed description of the variety of pears Marble

Many gardeners dream of growing reference fruit crops in their area. Some of them include pear of the Marble variety, which is distinguished by its excellent taste.

Description of pear variety Marble

The Marble variety was bred in the Voronezh region in 1965. Its authors were GD Neporozhny and AM Ulyanishcheva. The parent varieties are Bere Zimnaya Michurina and Lesnaya Krasavitsa.

According to the description, the tree itself is small in size and grows to a height of no more than 4 meters. The crown is of medium density, resembles a wide pyramid in shape. The branches are located at an angle close to right. The bark on the trunk and main branches is gray-green.

The shoots of this variety are red-brown and slightly upward. The leaves are bright green, smooth, ovoid and sharpened closer to the shoots, there are small notches at the edges. The size of both leaves and petioles is average.

The flowers of such a tree are terry, with a diameter of no more than 3 centimeters, collected in inflorescences of 8 pieces. The petals are slightly closed, while the edges are solid. The pistils are flush with the anthers.

Up to 200 kilograms of harvest are harvested from one tree.

Marble is best grown in warm climates... The Central region, Voronezh and Bryansk regions are considered to be the official areas of distribution.

Given the poor frost resistance, this variety cannot be grown in areas with cold and changeable climates.

Fruit characteristics

The fruits of this variety contain a huge amount of nutrients, besides are distinguished by excellent taste... The tasting score of these pears is 4.8 points out of 5.

Their pulp is distinguished by a delicate creamy shade, juicy and sweet taste, pleasant aroma and coarse-grained structure.

In most cases, one fruit weighs 130-170 grams, but specimens weighing up to 220 grams can be found. Pear color golden green, covered with red, marble blush, the shape is correct, pear-shaped.

The saucer is small, the seed chambers are medium in size, light brown in color. The cup is half-open in its type.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pros of the variety:

• the main advantage of Marble is resistance to powdery mildew, scab and fruit rot;

• the peel of the pear is thick and strong, due to which the fruit tolerates transportation well;

• many sweet tooths adore this variety, because it has a sweet and juicy taste, a bright aroma;

• up to 200 kilograms of harvest can be harvested from one tree, which makes Marble quite attractive for commercial purposes.

The cons are as follows:

• the variety does not tolerate the winter season;

• does not tolerate dry weather, which is why, with insufficient watering, the fruits may begin to crumble;

• after planting Marble, the gardener will have to wait a long time for the first harvest, fruiting occurs at 6-7 years of age;

• if May turned out to be especially cold, then you can lose not only flowers, but the entire tree as a whole.

Features of planting and care

The first step will be the selection of seedlings... In order for the purchase to be successful, and the tree quickly took root on the site, when buying planting material, they are guided by the following indicators:

• the age of the seedlings should not exceed two years;

• the root system should consist of 3-5 processes, 25-30 centimeters long;

• if a one-year-old seedling is purchased, then it may consist of one trunk, but a two-year-old specimen must have at least 3 lateral branches;

• the roots and bark should not have mechanical damage, cracks and the consequences of past diseases.

It is best to choose seedlings with a closed root system.because an earthen ball is a natural defense against damage.

Then you need to decide on the landing site, taking into account the individual characteristics of Marble:

• the tree requires pollinators, in the form of which other varieties of pears appear, the flowering period of which coincides with the Marble. The best options are Severyanka, Cathedral, Lada, Chizhovskaya and Tatiana;

• the area for planting pears should be as illuminated as possible;

• the tree does not tolerate strong winds, therefore, it is better to protect this variety from such a manifestation of nature. A low structure or fence is well suited as a shelter;

• a high occurrence of groundwater can erode the root system or become a reason for the appearance of mold;

• marble does not tolerate stagnant water, so you need to take care of its drainage in advance.

The soil should be loamy, loose and nutritious. If the soil is sandy or clayey, then you need to additionally apply fertilizers such as humus, manure or peat.

1-2 weeks before the direct planting of the pear, the soil must be prepared:

1. The diameter of the hole should be 60 cm and the depth 80 cm. When digging a hole, the soil is removed in layers, because the upper part is fertile, and the lower one is not.

1. Then the upper part of the soil is mixed with the following fertilizers: 7-10 kilograms of humus, 40 grams of potassium, 200 grams of superphosphate, 150 grams of wood ash.

1. If the soil does not meet the requirements, then an additional 300 grams of limestone is added for drainage.

1. At the bottom of the pit, they spread walnut shells or tin cans, then add the resulting mixture, taking into account the fact that one third will remain free.

1. A support is installed in the middle of the pit; its length should not be less than 130 centimeters.

If the roots of the seedling are dry, then they are dipped into a clay chatterbox. Damaged areas are cut with a sharp pruner, and 80 percent of the leaves are also removed.

When choosing a planting scheme, it is worth remembering that vigorous trees should be at a distance of 6-7 meters, and medium-sized ones 4 meters.

Planting a pear you need to pay attention to the deepening of the root collar, it should be 3-5 centimeters above ground level.

After the seedling is placed in the soil, it must be carefully tamped down and a hole must be built to water the plant.

Immediately after planting, the tree is watered abundantly and mulched with hay, sawdust or grass. Vegetable or berry crops can be grown between Marble plantings.

Planting this variety can be carried out both in spring and autumn.

In autumn, the preferred time will be the beginning of October.so that the tree can get stronger before the onset of cold weather.

Growing conditions

Marble is extremely drought tolerant, so you need to water it very carefully.Lack of the required amount of moisture can reduce the amount of the crop several times.

On average, 3 buckets of water will be consumed per tree; in dry weather, up to 5 buckets must be brought in. It is better to water the tree using special holes or grooves.

This variety requires a fairly large amount of dressing.

During the flowering period, you need to make nitrogenous substances, for example 100 grams of urea, diluted in 5 liters of water.

In June, to support the formation of fruits, use 50 grams of urea per 5 liters of water. In July, potassium sulfate is 100 grams per 5 liters of water.

To maintain future fruiting, after harvest the root zone is dug up and 1 kilogram of bird droppings, 5 kilograms of compost or 2 kilograms of manure are introduced.

Phosphorus and potassium are used for the same purposes. The size of the introduced substances will depend on the age of the tree:

• under 12 years old - 4 grams of phosphorus and 6 grams of potassium;
• from 12 to 20 years old - 6 grams of phosphorus and 8 grams of potassium;
• more than 20 years - 6 grams of phosphorus and 12 grams of potassium.

To stimulate fruit setting and the highest yield, 10 days after flowering, the tree is sprayed with 1% urea solution, the procedure will need to be repeated in 1-2 weeks.

For those trees whose age does not exceed 5 years, all fertilizing is applied in a diameter of 1-2 meters from the post, for adult plantings this figure increases to 3-5 meters.

Pruning is best done in spring., before the start of the movement of the juice or in the fall after harvest, at a temperature not lower than 8 degrees. In the first two years of life, only dry or damaged branches are removed.

Then you need to carry out sanitary pruning of treesremoving diseased or damaged branches.

The pear should be pruned using a sharp secateurs. After the wound dries up, the sites of damage are treated with garden varnish.

Whitewashing a tree trunk will protect it from frost, sun rays and rodents. This procedure should be performed in autumn and spring, using the following mixture:

• 10 liters of water;
• 1.5 kilograms of clay;
• 2 kilograms of lime.

Considering that Marble does not tolerate cold, the tree is carefully prepared for winter:

• you need to remove all the fallen leaves and remove the last hanging fruits;
• water the tree abundantly using 50-100 liters of water, then mulch it using hay or sawdust;
• the trunk of the tree and large branches are covered with cotton, breathable material.

This variety is needed protect not only from winter cold, but also from spring frosts.

Harvesting and storage

Full maturation of the Marble begins in October, but harvesting can begin in September. It is best to remove pears in the morning, tearing them off along with the stalk.

You need to store the fruits in a dry room with a temperature of 0-1 degrees. The container must be dry drawers or wicker baskets work best.

If all conditions are met, pears can lie for up to 2 months.

Features of the variety

Thanks to these qualities pears of the Marble variety are recommended by many nutritionists... These fruits do not increase appetite and are low in calories.

This variety is an excellent pollinator for many other pears, but at the same time, the process of self-pollination is difficult.

Breeders are very fond of marble.With its help, you can get high-quality varieties of pears, it is an excellent donor.

The negative qualities of mono include poor resistance to cold, because of this, the tree has to be covered not only for the winter, but also in May, during the spring frosts.

Diseases and pests

Marble is resistant to diseases such as powdery mildew, scab or fruit rot, but there are ailments that can affect the tree, so it is very important to know the preventive measures and how to treat it.

Pear mite - sucks the inside of the leaves, in early spring, before the buds swell, the tree must be sprayed with a solution of colloidal sulfur.

Black cancer - is one of the most dangerous diseases, when darkening appears on the bark, the damaged area is cut off, capturing 2-3 centimeters of the healthy part. Then the cut site is treated with a 2% solution of ferrous sulfate.

Medianitsa - as a preventive measure during flowering, the tree is sprayed with an infusion of yarrow or chamomile.

Leaf rust - orange spots begin to appear on the leaves, after flowering they are treated with 1 percent Brodsky liquid, and after the leaves fall off, the branches are treated with a 5 percent carbamide solution.

Moths - to get rid of insects, you need to collect all crumbling carrion and spray the leaves with water during the summer of butterflies.

Green aphid - Treating the tree with soapy water with anabasine will help get rid of pests.

Sunburn - regular whitewashing of the wood post helps the best.

Cytosporosis - the bark of the tree becomes dark red and gradually dries up, mainly old or weakened individuals suffer.

To prevent the onset of the disease, you need to whitewash the trunks and avoid damage... Infected areas are removed and treated with a solution of copper sulfate.

The most important prevention method and the treatment of diseases is the timely removal of infected or suspicious branches, after which they must be burned.

Gardeners reviews

Olga: “I planted a marble pear on my plot and did not regret it at all, our climate is warm enough, we live in Orel. Yes, the tree happens to freeze, but the taste of the fruits themselves always remains at the highest level, if you take proper care of the tree, it will bring a huge amount of harvest, from which I will make jam and stewed fruit. "

Basil: “Next year I am going to remove Mramornaya from my site, the tree is constantly freezing and requires a lot of care. In addition, there is no sourness in the taste, and without it, in my opinion, a pear ceases to be a pear. In addition, this variety can abruptly stop the ripening of the fruits, and they remain hanging until late autumn, while other trees regularly bring the harvest. "

Irina: “I love Marblenaya for its excellent taste, besides, its appearance allows us to use this variety for sale. If pears are picked in autumn, then they taste like a melon, and a very unusual combination of tastes is obtained. "

But if the weather allows you to grow this variety, then such fruits will decorate any table... Delicate, sweet, juicy, with flesh melting in your mouth, they will become favorites of both children and adults.