Correct budding of fruit trees

To be a good gardener and grow a good harvest, you need to know some secrets for proper tree care.

To make the trees tasty and fertile in the summer budding of fruit trees should be carried out... This is not such a complicated procedure, even a novice gardener can master it.

In this article we will try to reveal the entire technique of grafting trees, as well as the choice of a scion.

What is budding

Grafting is the process of transferring a part from one plant to another, with which it subsequently grows together. You can vaccinate in different ways:

1. Budding - grafting by the vegetative organ - the kidney. It is cut from a one-year run with a layer of bark and a small patch of wood.
2. Copulation - grafting with a handle. For the procedure, an annual shoot with 3-4 buds is used.

Budding is the easiest to performsince takes root faster and merges better with the stock.

Why you can perform this procedure

Budgeting is done if there are no trees of the desired variety on sale. It is necessary for:

• increases the frost resistance of the grafted tree;
• makes better and more valuable varieties;
• promotes the rapid appearance of the crop;
• allows you to make the varieties that you need.

Vaccination terms: spring or summer?

The procedure begins in early August., its duration is 4 weeks. The first step is to inoculate stone fruit varieties (cherry, cherry plum), then - pome varieties (apple, pear).

Wildlife and kidney at the time of the procedure must be of the desired development... The eyes or buds that appear on the shoots should finally form.

This can be determined simply: you need to bend the shoot if a crunch is heard. The rootstocks must develop well so that the bark can be detached.

The procedure is performed before the end of the growing season, in the summertime.

Budding, carried out earlier, threatens with the fact that the cuttings will germinate until the autumn season, and when the first cold weather appears, they die, and if later, they will not take root.

Pros and cons of the method

Like all processes, budding has a number of positive and negative qualities.

Advantages of the method:

1. Suitable for propagation of various varieties that cannot vegetatively divide.
2. Provides more active tree growth. An example is euonymus, which grows slowly when grown by seeds.
3. Branching is improved.
4. Cuttings are cut at the place of fruiting.
5. High reproduction rate.

The disadvantages include:

1. A big waste of time for grooming.
2. Sometimes there may be physiological incompatibility.
3. Reduces the life of trees. For example, red-flowering chestnuts are very sensitive, they stop growing and gradually die.
4. May impair the quality of the planting material, especially for ornamental plants.
5. Slows down growth.

It is important to know that never plant evergreen trees.

Whatever it was, grafting is important for trees, because this is sometimes the only way to reproduce.

Kidney vaccination:

How to choose good grafting cuttings

Cuttings to be used for grafting taken from fruit trees of standard species... It is necessary to monitor the intravarietal selection of cuttings for grafting trees.

Choose only healthy, strong trees that are more hardy than others.

Eyes and cuttings are not ready for budding at the same time... They start from the south side of the trunk. Cuttings should be cut off at least 15 cm. They should be cut over 2-3 buds.

Shoots of stone fruit trees must be strong, at least 30 cm long. If the shoot is short, then numerous buds begin to bloom, which are not suitable for grafting.

Important information: the process requires fresh cuttings... You need to cut off the leaves from them to retain moisture. Leaf cuttings are preserved for easy budding.

How to plant fruit trees correctly

It is quite difficult to carry out vaccination alone, so an assistant is needed.... One person with a sharp budding knife grafts, the other bandages with a cloth made of natural materials - gauze, cotton cloth.

The birds need to be prepared a week before the procedure: for this you need to shake off the soil near the root collar. In parallel, it is necessary to determine the separation of the bark in wild birds, if it is easy, then you can stick it into the bark.

If the separation is bad, then the game must be saturated with moisture so that the growth of the wild is activated before the procedure, and the cambium is attached, which plays an important role in the separation of the bark. The eyes cannot take root on wild birds, from which the bark does not come off badly.

Before carrying out the procedure, the trunks must be wiped with a wet cloth. Only mature eyes are needed for budding... The apical and lower eyes are not used, because they are underdeveloped.

A stalk is cut from a tree along with bark and wood (cambium and sapwood). They form a scutellum.

To get the flap out, slightly below the kidney, it is necessary to make an incision of 15-2 cm in the trunk. Cut off the flap 2 cm above the kidney, leading with a knife down and touching the cambium, bark, sapwood.

The resulting shield is wedged into the bark incision, and then bandaged, closing everything except the peephole. The procedure is carried out in calm, not rainy weather.

Important information: a positive result depends on the professionalism of the graftsman, the speed of budding, the cleanliness and sharpness of the knife, as well as competent dressing.

Fusion of the cutting with the trunk is fast. Already after 14-18 days, you need to make a check on how the eyes take root.

How to determine the survival rate? There are a number of distinctive features for this:

• pale green shade of the scutellum bark;
• the freshness and appearance of the eye;
• easy, quick petiole separation.

If the eyes do not take root, they become dull, dry, stop separating. At the last stage, they wrinkle and die.

As soon as the procedure is over, cultivation must be done to make the soil less dense. Water the wilds for the winter, hilling is also carried out so that the eyes do not freeze.

If the eyes begin to sprout in the fall, then they are associated with the stem and after the appearance of several leaves, they are pinched so that they ripen faster.

When hilling wilds, it is necessary to dust the shoots that have emerged from the eyes with earth. In March, you need to do a boredom. Already developed shoots are cut off so that a new shoot grows better in spring.

How easy it is to vaccinate (budding):

Prospects for budding

The prospects for this method are great:

1. It is with the help of it that new varieties of trees can be formed.
2. Budding helps if the plant cannot reproduce in standard ways.
3. In a short period of time, you can get a lot of tasty harvest.
4. Grafting is a tremendous saving of space in the garden. Here it is not necessary to plant male and female plants next to it, but only add a couple of twigs.
5. You can make a "Garden Tree" - this is the budding of several types of apples or pears on a tree stock. It turns out that first one variety will grow, then another, a third, and now you can feast on different varieties without hassle.
6. There are varieties that require cross-pollination from different varieties for a larger and better yield. So, if you carry out budding of several types of cherries per plant, you can significantly increase the yield.

Conclusion

Budding is a good way to make a tree more fertile and healthy.... This is a simple and inexpensive method that any novice gardener can handle.

It is important to learn how to take care of the grafted tree, and you will be assured of a tasty harvest. The main thing is to choose the right cuttings and attach them well to the tree.

This technique should be learned by any gardener who wants to have their own garden.

Budding for beginners - simple and accessible about grafting trees: