Hazel and hazelnut - what's the difference?
Nuts have always been appreciated by people for the benefits they bring to the body. Hazelnuts and hazelnuts (hazelnuts) are very popular.
Often hazelnuts and hazel are considered the same plant.... But it is not so.
How do they differ from each other? Biological features
Hazel, like hazelnuts, belongs to the shrubs of the Birch family. Hazel is considered to be a wild plant..
Hazelnuts are also hazelnuts. Hazelnuts are selected varieties of hazelgiving a high yield. Hazelnuts also include hybrid varieties obtained by crossing with Pontic hazel and other species.
Hazelnuts are more heat-loving plants. Hazel fruits are rounder in shape. The fruits of hazelnuts are larger, they are more elongated in shape, they are distinguished by better marketable quality, higher productivity. Not all hazelnut varieties are suitable for growing in the middle lane.
The content of vitamins and nutrients is almost the same in hazel and hazelnuts. Hazel fruits are considered to be more useful because of their natural growth.
Hazelnuts are more nutritious. Hazelnuts have a more subtle aroma and less tart taste.
The high content of vegetable fat can be considered the main harm of the nut. Like any nuts, hazelnuts and hazelnuts can cause severe allergic reactions.
In folk medicine, the leaves, bark and wood of the shrub are used.... In official medicine, hazel has not received much use.
Hazel has such healing characteristics as:
- strengthening the immune system;
- vasodilator;
- lowering cholesterol levels;
- healing and bactericidal;
- remedy for gastrointestinal upset;
- an increase in the volume and saturation of breast milk.
Hazelnut or hazel - which is tastier?
Hazel, or hazelnut
Hazel - wild deciduous shrubs, rarely trees. About 3-7 meters high. Monoecious cross-pollinated plants.
One plant contains male and female flowers. Bloom in April - May. Flowers are heterosexual. Fruit ripening begins in early autumn.
Distinctive features:
- bear fruit annually;
- they are not distinguished by high yields, which fluctuate greatly from year to year;
- more often susceptible to various diseases and pests;
- hazel is not demanding on growing conditions;
- they bear fruit even in the absence of care.
Hazelnut
Hazelnut - a cultivated form of hazel.
Distinctive features:
- is more high-yielding;
- differs in larger fruits;
- hazelnut yields are more stable;
- resistant to bad weather and pests;
- has a more developed root system;
- pleases with a large selection of varieties, fruit size;
- there is a choice in the size and height of the shrubs;
- a more thermophilic plant.
For growing in a summer cottage, it is best to choose varieties that are resistant to frost. Also suitable for climatic conditions.
Hazelnut and its features:
How to plant hazel?
It is generally accepted that it is quite difficult to grow hazel on your own plot.This will require a significant investment of time and effort.
Apply organic fertilizers (compost) before planting... Loves watering. Requires pruning (it is better to leave no more than 15 - 20 stems). Cut the shoots selected for pruning as close to the ground as possible.
It is better to take a place for a hazel along the edge of the site, along a fence or structure.
Hazel blooms very early, there may still be snow. Very hardy and frost-resistant.
Features of growing hazel:
- lighting: shade-loving;
- the soil: moist, fertile, loose;
- watering: plentiful;
- maximum tree height: 10 m.
There are several ways to propagate hazel:
- The lateral shoots are removed without separating the shoot from the mother plant. A hole is dug with a depth of about 10-15 cm and a length of about 50 cm. Lay layering, cover with earth with humus. Water abundantly. Tie the top to the peg.
- Digging 3-4 bushes in the forest.
- Reproduction by seeds. This sowing is best done in the fall. Seeds are placed in the grooves with fertilizer at a distance of 15-20 cm.
- Growing from a nut.
How to plant hazelnuts?
Hazelnuts are picky enough in leaving... It is recommended to choose well-lit places for planting. Doesn't like thickening. The soil near the bush is periodically loosened. Loosen shallowly. Do not touch the root system.
Hazelnuts prefer fertile soil. Requires significant planting area. After loosening, water abundantly.
Don't plant one plant. Ideally 2-3 bushes of different varieties!
It is necessary to plant hazelnuts either in early spring or in autumn (early October). For a good harvest, feed annually.
Features of growing hazelnuts:
- lighting: photophilous, but landing is not on the south side;
- the soil: moist, fertile, loose;
- watering: plentiful, with obligatory loosening of the soil after each watering;
- maximum tree height: 7 m.
How to sow hazelnuts:
Hazelnuts can be propagated in various ways:
- Vertical layering.
- Graft.
- Planting seeds.
- Division of the bush.
All properties of the hazelnut variety will be preserved only during vegetative propagation. Hazelnuts will grow well both on flat areas and on slopes.
Weed, pest and disease control
Unlike hazel, hazelnuts prefer the absence of weeds in the near-trunk circle. For an adult plant, mulching can be applied.
Early shedding of fruits, their worminess, dry shoots indicate the presence of pests.
These include:
- nut weevil;
- aphid;
- shield;
- acorn moth.
Typical diseases are:
- powdery mildew;
- brown leaf spot.
Watering and waterlogging of the soil should be avoided during watering. This can cause fungal infections.
Under natural conditions, rodents (hares, mice), wild boars and squirrels are dangerous for hazel.
The reasons for the low yield and its increase
Frosts will primarily affect yields. Because of this, the number of ovaries may be small.
Single landings should be avoided... When planting, use plants of different varieties for cross-pollination.
Varietal seedlings planted in autumn are capable of bearing fruit in spring. Seedlings obtained from seeds do not have varietal characteristics. They will bear fruit in about the second ten years.
To increase the amount of harvest pollination should be provided to the plant... This can be done manually by spraying it.
Difference in collection and transportation
Hazel, as a rule, ripens a little later.It is better to collect it taking into account the climatic conditions of the place of growth. The main collection falls on July-September... Unripe fruits will be poorly stored.
Well-ripened nuts have a brown or yellowish skin. It is not customary to pick nuts directly from the bushes. They are shaken to the ground. Hand pick is applied after it has completely fallen off.
From a material point of view, the collection and transportation of hazelnuts is more costly and unprofitable. Collection points can be difficult.
When collecting hazelnuts, you can prepare... Clear a spot under the bush. The soil is compacted. Lay a cloth or tarp. Then shake off the bushes.
The harvested crop is dried in a bright, well-ventilated area. Store in fabric bags or boxes.
When properly harvested and dried, the nuts are transportable enough to be transported over long distances.
There is no big difference between hazelnuts and hazel... Although it is easier to buy a hazelnut seedling for growing on a personal plot.
The economic benefits of hazelnuts are higher than hazelnuts. This is due to the high yield of hazelnuts, their resistance to pests, as well as with a larger nut. The ease of planting and growing hazelnuts has made it popular for garden plots.
Besides its usefulness hazel and hazelnuts also have decorative properties.
