Tulips planting and care in the open field in the Urals in spring

planting, care and cultivation in the open field in the Urals

 

Tulips are one of the first to delight gardeners in the spring. This is an unpretentious plant, but large and bright buds will bloom only if they are carefully and properly looked after. Tulips belong to the group of ephemeroid plants. The development cycle of this group of plants differs from the development cycles of others. Ephemeroids have a special agricultural technique that you need to know at least in general terms so as not to make gross mistakes when growing these flowers.Whatever varieties and types of tulips you choose to grow, follow the simple rules for growing them, and every year these delicate flowers will be even more beautiful.

   

Tulip varieties for the Urals

The climate of the Urals is not quite suitable for growing tulips due to strong cold winds. However, in nature, these flowers grow even in harsh continental climates. Therefore, with proper care, in the Urals, you can grow any, not too whimsical variety of tulips. One of the oldest and most widespread varieties, Apeldoorn, is best suited for the Ural climate. The varieties of pink tulips "Don Quixote" and "Lustige Vitve", yellow "Kis Nelis" have proven themselves very well. Also grow well in the Urals varieties "Darwin's Hybrid", "Triumph", "Erik Hovsyu", "Parade - Record", "Add Rem", "Hamilton", "Fogoten Dream", "Maurin". Of course, the choice of these particular varieties is only a recommendation. In the Urals, it is quite possible to grow more demanding tulips. For example, lily varieties of tulips, although they do not bloom as abundantly in the middle lane as in regions with a milder climate, do not fade longer.

Planting tulips

Planting and caring for tulips outdoors is not difficult, even for beginners. In nature, the development of tulips is confined to the short spring period. In summer, the plant rests, hiding in the ground in the form of bulbs. With the onset of autumn coolness, the roots grow in the bulbs and the rudiments of leaves and flower shoots are formed. In early spring, when the soil warms up slightly, rapid growth and flowering begins, and by the beginning of summer the plant has already completed its growing season and disappears from the soil surface.

Choosing a place for planting tulips

 

In the Urals, strong dry winds often blow in summer. Therefore, the place for tulips should be chosen as protected as possible. Moreover, it should be sunny. Tulips will also grow in the shade, but they will not bloom so abundantly and beautifully. Do not plant these flowers in areas that are flooded in spring. Otherwise, the bulbs will be wiped out. The predecessor is also important - the culture that grew on this site earlier. Beans are preferred. Tulips should not be planted after onions, garlic, potatoes, peppers and eggplant - these plants are affected by common diseases and pests. Fertile, loose and fertilized soil is a guarantee of beautiful flowers with large bright buds.

Preparing the soil for planting tulips

 

Planting tulips in the Urals should be done only in prepared soil. Landing is carried out only in neutral or slightly alkaline soils. If the soil is acidic, a lot of false buds will grow on them. In such a soil, ash or slaked lime must first be added. Dolomite flour is sometimes used. On poor soils, fertilizers are preliminarily applied for tulips. The most commonly used compost (bucket per square meter) is used. You can also sprinkle some phosphate fertilizer on the ground. Nitrogen is not worth using. After the fertilizers are scattered, they are leveled with a rake and the soil is dug to a depth of at least 35 cm. Its surface must be carefully leveled. If this is not done, water will accumulate in the grooves in the spring, and the bulbs will be wiped out.

Preparation of planting material

 

The bulbs must be carefully sorted out before planting. Good flowers come from adult bulbs - healthy, heavy, well-done, with a healthy and shiny, tight-fitting integumentary scales. Small baby bulbs will produce small flowers on short peduncles or not bloom at all the next year. Large bulbs should be planted in the middle of the flower bed. Small ones - around the edges. This is to prevent taller plants from shading lower ones. In addition, the bulbs must be sorted by type. In this case, the flower beds will look more beautiful. Bulbs that have any damage or stains should not be planted.If they are sick, the entire bed will subsequently be infected. Before planting, the bulbs should be soaked for half an hour in a dark solution of potassium permanganate. This will rid the plants of many pests.

When and how to plant tulips in the Urals

 

A bed or flower bed for tulips must be prepared a couple of months before planting. For the Urals, this is the end of June - the beginning of August. Before the onset of cold weather, the bulbs should have a sufficiently developed root system. If they are planted too late, this will not happen. Tulips will sprout next year, but not as strong as expected. It will also be impossible to get very beautiful flowers. If the planting is done too early, the tulips will sprout and freeze with the onset of cold weather. Therefore, you need to be extremely careful with the timing.

The best time to plant tulips in autumn is mid-September. The easiest way to determine the timeliness of planting is to measure the temperature of the soil at a depth of 20-30cm. Work begins as soon as it drops to 10 ° C. Bulbs are usually planted in holes. Pre-dig the garden bed. The depth of the holes should be equal to two diameters of the bulbs on heavy soils, and three on light soils (10-15 cm). Usually, tulips are planted in rows at a distance of 10cm from each other, the distance between rows should be at least 20cm. With this arrangement of planting material, tulips will develop normally, and the flower bed will turn out to be quite thick and beautiful.

Tulips can be planted in grooves. This method is a little more complicated than the previous one. Grooves are dug along the bed to a depth of two bulb diameters. The material is planted according to the same scheme - 10x25cm.

Another planting method allows you to get a very beautiful flower bed. For this, the soil from the planting site is completely removed to a depth of two diameters of the bulb. The bottom of the resulting pit is carefully leveled. Further, on it, in compliance with a certain pattern, bulbs of different varieties are laid out. At the end of this work, the resulting flower bed is covered with earth.

 

Outdoor tulip care

After cutting the first leaf, the plantings are fed with urea, if this was not done immediately after the melt water disappeared. During the season, the flowers are fed three times with mineral supplements. The first time fertilization is applied in early spring (with the appearance of the first shoots). During this period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be in a 2: 2: 1 ratio. The next feeding is carried out during the formation of buds and flowering. Here, the nitrogen dose is reduced, and potassium and phosphorus are increased (1: 2: 2). Once again, the flowers are fertilized after flowering with potassium and phosphorus (1: 1). To enhance the development of young bulbs, it is advisable to add a little boron and zinc to the solution. By the appearance of the plant, you can find out what kind of fertilizer it needs. The appearance of blue at the edges of the leaf plate is a signal that the plants lack phosphorus and potassium. If the tulip leaves become narrow and drooping, there is a lack of nitrogen.

Of course, the beds should be weeded regularly. A weedy flower bed will look untidy and ugly. In addition, weeds take away nutrients from tulips, as a result of which they bloom worse. Simultaneously with weeding, it is worth loosening the soil. When growing tulips outdoors, watering is required, since these plants have a short and weakly branched root system. The amount of irrigation depends on the weather. The first critical phase is budding. If during this period the plant is thirsty, then the blossoming flowers will be small. Flowering is the second critical period. One or two waterings during flowering will significantly increase its duration. After flowering, the plants are watered 3 more times. Landings are periodically inspected. All plants affected by the variegation virus are removed with the bulb. Signs of viral diseases of tulips:
❀ severe growth retardation
❀ rolling the leaves
❀ spots and strokes on the petals
❀ uneven color of leaves

Caring for tulips after flowering

The bulbs are dug up when the leaves turn yellow and begin to dry out. You should not wait for the leaves to die completely. Overexposure of the bulbs in the soil leads to infection with fungal diseases, since the integumentary scales, by the time of the final ripening of the bulb, lose their immunity and even themselves can become a spread of infection. When excavated at the correct time, the nests do not have time to disintegrate, and the integumentary scales adhere tightly to the bulb. Such planting material is well stored until planting.

Planting material is stored until autumn planting in plastic containers with a mesh bottom. Good aeration helps keep the bulbs dry and prevents bacterial infections, onion mites and mold. After digging, the container with the bulbs is left for several hours in the fresh air in the shade, then removed to the barn. If the bulbs have a lot of spots and foci of rot, then you can soak them for half an hour in a pink solution of manganese, then dry in the shade and put away for storage. Double soaking in potassium permanganate (before planting and after harvesting) not only prevents outbreaks of fungal diseases, but also satisfies the needs of plants for manganese. You can use disinfecting solutions only in the first days after digging. The stored bulbs are inspected from time to time. If, during storage of the planting material, it is found that spots or mold have appeared on it, dusting should be used, taking dry ash or foundation powder for this.

Tulips can be planted both in spring and autumn. The latter method is preferable in the sense that the next season the plants bloom faster, and the buds grow larger. Of course, the timing of the autumn planting largely depends on the specific region in which the summer cottage is located. In this article, we will talk about the features of such a procedure as growing and planting tulips in the Urals.

How to choose a landing site

Both in the South and in the Middle Urals, strong dry winds very often blow in summer. Therefore, the place for tulips should be chosen as protected as possible. Moreover, it should be sunny. Tulips will also grow in the shade, but they will not bloom so abundantly and beautifully. You cannot plant these flowers in places that are flooded in spring. Otherwise, the bulbs will be wiped out.

Tulips in the landscape design of the site

We will talk about how such a procedure as growing tulips in the Urals is performed a little later. First, let's figure out what role these wonderful flowers can play in the landscape design of a suburban area. Most often tulips are grown in a separate flower bed. In some cases, only a certain variety is planted in one place. Sometimes more varied lawns of several varieties are also satisfied. Tulips feel good in tubs. If desired, they, for example, can decorate a terrace, veranda or gazebo. Sometimes unpretentious varieties, together with other liliaceae, are planted on alpine hills. Tulips look very beautiful in prefabricated flower beds in combination with other garden flowers.

What should be the soil

Planting tulips should only be carried out in neutral or slightly alkaline soils. If the soil is acidic, a lot of false buds will grow on them. In such a soil, ash or slaked lime must first be added. Sometimes dolomite flour is also used.

Flower bed preparation

Planting tulips in the Urals, just like in any other region, should be done only in a prepared flower bed. On poor soils, fertilizers are preliminarily applied for these flowers. The most commonly used compost is normal compost (bucket per square meter). You can also sprinkle some phosphate fertilizer on the ground. Nitrogen should not be used.

After the fertilizers are scattered, they are leveled with a rake and the soil is dug to a depth of at least 35 cm. Its surface must be carefully leveled. If this is not done, water will accumulate in the grooves in the spring, and the bulbs will be wiped out.

Dates of planting tulips in the Urals

A bed or flower bed for tulips must be prepared a couple of months before planting. For the Urals, this is approximately the end of June or the beginning of August. Before the onset of cold weather, the bulbs should have a sufficiently developed root system. If they are planted too late, this will not happen. Tulips will sprout next year, but not as strong as expected. It will also be impossible to get very beautiful flowers. If the planting is done too early, the tulips will sprout and freeze with the onset of cold weather. Therefore, you need to be extremely careful with the timing. A fairly simple way to determine the timeliness of planting can be to measure the temperature of the soil at a depth of 20-30 cm. They start work as soon as it drops to 10 degrees.

Thus, the timing of planting tulips in the Urals is approximately the second decade of September for the Middle, and the first decade of October for the South.

Sorting of planting material

Before proceeding with planting, the bulbs must be carefully sorted out. Large ones should be planted in the middle of the flower bed. Small ones - around the edges. This is to ensure that taller plants do not obscure the lower ones. In addition, the bulbs must be sorted by type. In this case, the flower beds will look more beautiful. Bulbs that have any damage or stains should not be planted. If they are sick, the entire bed will subsequently be infected. Before planting, the bulbs should be soaked in a dark solution of potassium permanganate for half an hour. This will rid the plants of many pests.

The first method of planting tulips

Planting tulips in the Urals in autumn, as in any other region, is most often done in holes. Previously, the bed is dug up again. The depth of the holes should be equal to two diameters of the bulbs on heavy soils, and three on light soils. The distance between plants depends on the design project of the site. Most often, tulips are planted in rows at a distance of 10 cm from each other. In this case, the plants will develop normally, and the flower bed will turn out to be quite thick and beautiful. The distance between the rows is usually 25 cm.

Planting tulips in grooves

Tulips can also be planted in grooves. This method is somewhat more complicated than the previous one. It is used mainly only by collectors, in order not to confuse varieties. In this case, grooves are also dug along the bed to a depth of two diameters of the bulb. The material is planted according to the same scheme - 10 x 25 cm.

Creating a beautiful flower bed

The next planting method allows you to get a very beautiful flower bed. For this, the soil from the planting site is completely removed to a depth of two diameters of the bulb. The bottom of the resulting pit is carefully leveled. Further, according to the selected pattern, bulbs of different varieties are laid out on it. At the end of this work, the resulting flower bed is covered with earth. Growing tulips in the Urals in this way is also quite acceptable. The most important thing is to choose the right varieties. We'll talk about which ones a little later. Now we will continue to deal with the landing methods.

Planting in baskets

Recently, the method of planting tulips in baskets has become very popular. This solution allows you not to lose a single bulb when digging them up in the summer. The fact is that tulip babies often go very deep into the ground. And then it is difficult to find them. In addition, the baskets protect the planting material from rodents. Digging out the bulbs with this planting method is very easy. To remove them, you just need to pull on the edges of the basket. Sometimes tulips are planted in special nets.

How to prepare tulips for winter

This is how tulips are planted in the Urals in the fall. After planting with any of the methods described above, the flower bed with bulbs must be watered. Winters in the Urals are pretty snowy. However, frosts are often severe. Therefore, the soil in the planted flower bed will need to be mulched. For this, leaves, spruce branches or straw are used. Remove the mulch immediately after the snow melts. If desired, tulips can be fed a little before shelter. For this, the bed is watered with ammonium nitrate in an amount of 20 g per square meter.

The best varieties of tulips for growing in the Urals

Planting tulips for the winter in the Urals is a procedure that has its own characteristics. It is believed that the climate in this region is a bit harsh for them. However, in nature, these flowers grow in a harsh continental climate. Therefore, with proper care in the Urals, you can grow almost any not too whimsical tulip variety. A very good solution would be, for example, to grow one of the oldest and most famous varieties - the classic "Apeldoorn". Will feel great in the Urals and pink varieties "Don Quixote" or "Lustie Vitve". Often on the flowerbeds of the Ural summer residents you can also see yellow tulips of the "kis nelis" variety. Of course, the choice of these particular varieties is nothing more than a recommendation. In the Urals, it is quite possible to try to grow more demanding tulips. For example, peony. Liliaceae in this region, although they do not bloom as abundantly as in areas with milder conditions, do not fade longer. The thing is that the weather in the Urals is pretty cool in spring.

How to prepare planting material in summer

Planting tulips in the Urals will be successful only when using high-quality seed. The bulbs of these flowers are dug out of the ground at a time when the leaves on them have already turned yellow, but will not fall on the ground. In the Urals, this moment comes around the end of June. The dug out onions need to be dried a little and transferred to be stored in the attic. By the fall, they will be ready for planting. Experienced gardeners advise replanting only varietal tulips every year. In this case, it is recommended to transfer them to another flower bed. In this case, they will bloom more abundantly. The bulbs of ordinary unpretentious tulips can be dug up and transferred to another place once every five years.

Top dressing of tulips

You now know how tulips are planted in the Urals. However, a beautiful flower bed can only be obtained with proper care of these flowers. In the spring, immediately after the mulch is removed, the tulips are fertilized with urea (20 g per liter per 1 m2). The second time feeding is done during the budding period. In this case, some kind of phosphorus fertilizer is used.

Watering and loosening

Now you know when to plant tulips in the Urals. Now let's figure out how to properly water these flowers and when to loosen the soil under them. Since the climate in this region is rather dry, it is worth moistening the soil under the tulips at least once a week after hot weather. But that's only if it doesn't rain. It is imperative to water the flowers during the budding period, as well as two weeks after flowering.

Of course, the beds should be weeded regularly. A weed-overgrown flower bed will look untidy and ugly. In addition, weeds take away nutrients from tulips, as a result of which they bloom worse. Simultaneously with weeding, it is worth loosening the soil.

Thus, we figured it out when tulips are planted in the Urals. Take care of these flowers correctly - and you will get just a gorgeous decoration for your yard or garden.

Tulips - growing in the open field Choosing a planting material: what to look for

When buying tulip bulbs, you should pay attention to their size. You should not choose large planting material: most likely, it is old and will not delight you with abundant flowering.It is recommended to choose medium-sized bulbs with a smooth, shiny, scaly coating. Pay attention that there are no cracks on their surface - infections are transmitted through them and pests penetrate.

Pay attention to the color of the bulbs when purchasing

The color of the planting material should be golden tea color. Dark brown scales indicate that it was late dug out of the soil and may be damaged.

In a healthy bulb, the tip of the stem is slightly visible; but do not make a purchase if it sprouted during storage. The bottom and tubercles of the roots should be dry and firm. The healthy bulb is firm to the touch, without feeling watery or dry.

Healthy tulip bulbs Preparing and planting tulips outdoors

The key to the good development of tulips is a correctly selected and well-prepared place for a flower garden, as well as adherence to the timing of planting bulbs.

How to choose a seat

Tulips, which are grown in a sunny and sheltered flower bed, feel very good. This can be the area under the crowns of trees - since the flowers bloom earlier than the leaves on the branches, the shade from them will not interfere.

Change the place of the flower garden for bulbous

Tulips should not be planted where bulbs were previously grown. The earth should "rest" from tulips for at least three years.

Soil for tulips

The soil for the successful flowering of tulips must be light, breathable. In the soil rich in loam, sand should be added at the rate of 2 buckets per 1 sq. m of the ridge.

If the site has a high level of groundwater, which is detrimental to flower bulbs, you should "raise" the flower bed (make it bulk and increase the soil layer) for tulips, or organize high-quality drainage under the flower bed. For protection from high humidity, leaching of nutrients and fertilizers from the soil, as well as for ease of transportation for storage, flowers are planted in a special container - plastic modules.

Planting tulips in a plastic module

Flower bed preparation

Before planting tulips, the ground is dug up, removing weeds and plant roots. Next, planting furrows are carried out, with a depth equal to three sizes of the bulbs.

Scheme: planting depth from the size of tulip bulbs

The bottom of the furrow is covered with a thin layer of river sand, on which the bulbs are placed at a distance of 10 cm from each other.

Planting tulips in a sandy furrow

Do not submerge the bulbs when planting.

The main mistake gardeners make when planting tulips is burying the bulbs. Usually they are pressed into the ground with your hands, but this cannot be done. The bulbs laid in the furrows are carefully sprinkled with earth and watered with water with the addition of several crystals of potassium permanganate for disinfection.

Dates of planting tulips in open ground

Early or mid-autumn is the best time to plant tulips when the outside temperature drops to 8-10 degrees Celsius. Planting in warmer soil leads to poor root development, and the bulbs are at risk of Fusarium disease. Tulips, which are planted in frost conditions, do not have time to take root before the onset of frost and may die.

Fertilizing and caring for tulips

Tulips, planting and caring for which will not cause much trouble, will delight you with bright and beautiful flowering, if fertilized in time.

First feeding of tulips

The first fertilizer is applied immediately after the appearance of green shoots. It is prepared by mixing 30 grams of nitrogen, 30 grams of phosphorus and 20 grams of potash fertilizers per 10 liters of water. The plantings are abundantly watered with this composition.

The first sprouts of tulips appear in early spring.

Second feeding

It is carried out before the flowering of tulips, when greenish flower buds are formed. The composition of the top dressing: 20 grams of nitrogen, 20 grams of potash, 30 grams of phosphorus fertilizers per bucket of water.

Third feeding

Required after flowering to replenish nutrients: 30 grams of phosphorus and 20 grams of potassium fertilizers per bucket of water.

Tulips: care after flowering outdoors

After flowering, it is necessary to remove the seed capsule so that the plant does not waste energy on ripening the seeds, but stores them in the bulb for the next season. After the leaves begin to turn yellow and the stem loses its elasticity and becomes soft, you can start digging out the bulbs.

Digging out tulips - care after flowering in the open field

How often to replant tulips to a new place

Each gardener determines the frequency of replanting tulips to a new place for himself. You can dig up the bulbs annually, or do it every 2-3 years. It should be borne in mind that in the absence of transplantation, the flowers begin to grow worse and become smaller, since the content of nutrients in the soil decreases. That is why it is recommended to replant valuable varietal specimens annually.

What to do with the bulbs after digging

The dug out bulbs are washed in water and soaked for half an hour in a fungicide solution. In large bulbs, babies are separated if they have not disintegrated themselves. Then the planting material must be dried in the shade for several days, spreading a rag. After drying, the bulbs are stored in baskets or boxes and stored in a cool room until planting in autumn.

Storage option for tulip bulbs Major diseases and pests of tulips

Tulip diseases are spread with infected seed or bulbs. Therefore, please choose them carefully before purchasing.

Gray rot (lat.Botrytis tulipae)

It is found in plants grown in soils with an excess of moisture. May spread during rainy summers or over-watering. The growth of the flower slows down, its green parts become soft and watery.

Gray mold of tulips

Affected bulbs and flowers must be destroyed and cannot be treated. For prophylaxis purposes, the soil is dusted with sulfur before planting, and after planting, it is sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid.

Root rot (lat.Ruthium)

It is easy to confuse the symptoms of the disease with the symptoms of insufficient watering: the green mass of the flower withers, becomes yellow or brown in color. Brown spots appear on the bulbs, it becomes soft to the touch and smells unpleasant.

Root rot of tulip bulbs

This can be caused by moisture stagnation caused by poor drainage. A diseased plant must be destroyed. For the purpose of prevention, they increase the aeration and water permeability of the soil during planting, mixing it with sand and draining it, or they organize raised ridges.

Tulip variegation

A dangerous disease caused by the tobacco mosaic virus (Latin Tobacco mosaic virus). It is transmitted through the planting material, the pruning tool, as well as by ticks and other sucking insects.

On the colored petals of flowers, light strokes appear in chaotic directions, the shape of the flower may be distorted. Signs are poorly visible on light tulip varieties.

Prevention of the disease is difficult due to the long latency period of the disease, which can develop over several years after infection. Prevention: treatment of plants with preparations from sucking pests; disinfection of bulbs before planting; sparse landing and constant examination in order to detect signs of disease.

Infected plants should be removed from the flower bed by gently pulling them out from the roots. The soil is preliminarily loosened around the bulb so that some of the roots do not remain in the soil and do not cause the spread of the disease.

Tulips: growing and care in Siberia, beyond the Urals, in the North

In the northern regions of Russia, it is quite possible to grow tulips, the care of which contains some features related to climatic conditions.

Due to early autumn frosts, planting of bulbs should be carried out no later than the second decade of September, at a temperature not lower than minus 2-3 degrees Celsius. The depth of the trench for planting the bulbs, regardless of their size, should be approximately 25 cm.

If the depth is less, the rhizomes may freeze out, and with a deeper planting, the plants will take a lot of energy to germinate and the tulip will bloom poorly. After placing the planting material, the ridge should be sprinkled with mature compost. It is recommended to collect the first snow from the surrounding area in a flower bed for additional protection from frost.

In spring, during flowering, snowfalls and frosts are also possible, so the longer the snow lies on the flower beds, the better. To retain it, instead of compost, you can use vegetable tops, straw, hay for snow retention.

Snow retention is important for tulip cultivation in Siberia

In the conditions of unstable summers and harsh winters, tulips bloom well, which are transplanted annually. Otherwise, the bulbs become smaller, are affected by pests and may die.

The following tulip varieties are well suited for cold regions: Bonanza, Dante, Brilliant Star, Christmas Marvel, Brilliant Star.

Brilliant Star tulips

Outcome

Gorgeous brightly colored tulips will brighten up your garden in early spring when the rest of nature is still awake. You just need to worry about planting the bulbs in the fall and take care of the plants in a timely manner - then you will have no trouble with tulips, except for admiring the colorful buds.

These unpretentious flowers wake up very early, so it is better to plant them in the fall. Planting for the winter will allow the plant to take root and bud in the spring. Tulips planted in spring may be late with the growing season, the buds will not have time to form.

Life cycle features

A simple technique will help you to admire the blooming view of the flower bed: plant different varieties of flowers. By alternating and combining primroses, summer flowers and late varieties, you will ensure the blooming look of the flower bed until late autumn.

Tulips are classified as primroses, therefore, their growing season begins early, when the snow has not completely melted yet. The mountainous regions of Iran, Altai and Tien Shan are considered homeland.

The plant has adapted to go through a full growing cycle in a short spring period, to survive in arid mountainous regions. That is why tulips bloom so quickly, the leaves dry out, and the flower is in a state of hibernation all summer (hot period). Flower reproduction is also associated with this feature. The bulbs contain moisture. After flowering, the old bulb dies off, new young bulbs are laid, which will sprout next spring.

Attention! Roots form on the bulb only in autumn, so you should not disturb the plant until autumn.

Favorable period for planting tulips in the Moscow region and the Leningrad region

Climatic conditions in the Moscow region and the Leningrad region are not fundamentally different. In any case, they are identical for tulips. Therefore, it is better to plant them in the fall, when roots have formed on the young bulbs. Before the soil freezes, the bulb must have time to take root in a new place.

Planting tulips

The most suitable period for planting a flower is from the end of September to the end of October, if at this time the soil temperature is + 8-10 ° C. If the temperature is higher, the tulip bulb may start to germinate. With the onset of frost, such a sprout will freeze, the plant will die. At temperatures below + 8 ° C, the transplanted bulb will not take root, it may freeze. Tulip planting rules:

• The site must be well lit and sheltered from the wind.
• The soil must be loosened, add peat, ash.
• You can add mineral fertilizers: superphosphate; potassium sulfate; ammonium nitrate.

Attention! Permanent manure, fertilizers containing chlorine must not be applied to the tulip planting site.

• Plants are planted at a depth of 14-16 cm, at a distance of 8-10 cm from each other.
• Before planting, dip the bulbs in a solution of potassium permanganate.
• Sometimes protection from rodents will not hurt.
• If the soil is too dry, pour water over the hole.

Advice. Plant tulips in such a way that small plants are not shaded by large ones.

Dates of planting tulips before winter in the Urals and Siberia

In the Urals and Siberia, the weather conditions are more severe: frosty winters, spring frosts and snowfalls. The planting period of tulips is determined by the air and soil temperature. Flowers should be planted at an air temperature of -3 ° C, and at an air temperature of up to + 8 ° C.

• For landing, he chooses a sunny place, protected from the north side.
• The soil should be light, sandy and pH neutral.

Tulip bulb

• It is necessary to plant bulbs to a depth of 25 cm, since during severe frosts, they may not survive.
• You can pre-fertilize.
• The top must be covered with manure or straw.
• When snow falls, additionally sprinkle it on the planting site - this will protect the bulbs from freezing.
• In the spring, after the snow melts, remove the covering material, loosen the soil.
• If frosts suddenly return, it is necessary to protect the tulips by covering them with foil.

A tulip is considered an unpretentious flower, but in order for it to become a decoration of your site, you must follow the rules for planting a plant, fertilize, fight pests, weed, and properly store the bulbs. Every plant needs care and love.

Planting tulips: video

Tulips have always attracted admiring glances even from those who are not very fond of flora.

This bulbous plant fills with its beauty not only areas of gardens, but also flower beds and lawns of large and medium-sized cities of Russia. How to achieve large flowering and how tulips are planted in the fall in the ground, we will discuss in detail.

What is the favorable time for planting tulips in autumn?

To begin with, spring sowing produces later flowering, if any. In addition, in the wild, tulips begin to grow and bloom almost immediately after the snow melts, and before that they hibernated in the soil. Based on this, we conclude that the plant needs a period of cooling and development in the ground in order to fully bloom in spring. In addition, tulips are almost never sold in spring, and autumn is very rich in various offers and even discounts.

What if the gardener did not manage to plant the flowers on time? Firstly, you can always plant tulips in spring, but wait for flowering only after a year or two. Secondly, it is possible to plant a plant even in late October, early November in frozen ground under a snow cover. Although the soil is cooled in late autumn, it still lends itself to digging up, and the snow cover does not allow the ground to freeze. With a spatula, we dig a hole with a depth of 3 three bulbs and plant a flower.

Landing dates in different regions

For beginners, the question usually arises about which month is it worth to do the disembarkation? In the Moscow region, this period usually lasts from the end of September to the end of October. The most correct approach would be to measure the temperature of the soil. For most cultivars, it is up to +7 ° C. We lower the thermometer to a depth of 15 cm, and measure the temperature.

Attention! "Tulips can be planted even in December, but the chances of blooming and growing are greatly reduced."

The Leningrad Region is located just north of the Moscow Region, so the planting dates are shifted to mid-September. It is at this time that the soil cools down to +10 ° C. However, due to possible climate change, a weather forecast for the autumn period will be required. For cultivation of culture in the Leningrad region, the following types are suitable:

• Darwin's Hybrids;
• "Triumph - Tulips";
• "Fringed";
• "Lily-colored";
• "Parrot".

In Siberia and the Urals, due to the harsh climate, bulbous plants are planted in September, without fear that warming will suddenly come and the flowers will begin to sprout.There is also one trick: a large layer of snow is thrown onto a flower bed of bulbous plants, having previously mulched the surface. The fact is that the snow cushion protects against severe frosts, and in spring tulip sprouts will sprout in a snowdrift. When it melts, then nothing will interfere with flowering.

Note! "In the Urals, bulbs are planted in the ground in the fall, heated to + 710 ° C, and in the summer, in July, they are dug up and divided by size."

Examples of varieties cultivated in the Urals:

• "Apeldoorn";
• Don Quixote pink;
• Lustigue Vitve pink;
• "Kis Nelis" yellow.

Seat selection

You learned when to plant bulbs in the fall, and now let's talk about the location of the flower bed. They always try to break up a flower garden in a prominent and sunny place. But it happens that some flowers are planted separately. Tulips bloom well in a sunny open place, but they are not afraid of a little shading. In shaded areas, they still bloom, but slowly and slightly smaller flower petals.

Usually, tulips are planted in loose, fertile soil to decorate the site. It is desirable that it has a slightly acidic and slightly alkaline environment. In acidic soil, many false-colored buds can form. To neutralize the acidic environment, slaked lime or ash is added so that the bulbs feel good.

Poor soils require mineral and organic additives. It can be phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Organic additives include compost and rotted manure. If fresh manure is applied, it can lead to fungal diseases. One bucket of compost goes for 1 m2 of area. However, after 4 years of forcing, the soil quality deteriorates and requires renewal. Then the culture is completely dug up and transplanted to a new place. The best way is the annual digging and fertilization, because the amount of the fertile layer should be 30-40 cm to the surface.

Preparing the bulbs

Often novice flower growers ask themselves how to plant tulips in the fall so that they bloom for sure next year. We can immediately say that only 4-6 cm in diameter bulbs will give flowering shoots.

For this purpose, division of the nest of bulbs is carried out after digging in the summer. If you dig it up in August, then you need to do it with caution, since neither leaves nor stems are visible. For the least damage to the planting material, digging is done after flowering, when the stems have not yet turned yellow, but have already died. The stalks are not cut off, but the nests in the attic are dried, and then the leaves themselves dry up and are easily separated.

After drying, when the planting onions dry out best, the baskets are divided into large, medium and small. The latter germinate in a separate place for subsequent flowering. Large onions will definitely bloom. The middle ones are seated between the large ones so that there are no empty areas.

Advice! “Planting bulbs purchased from stores or flower markets makes the planting process easier. The main thing is to make sure that the planting material is intact and at least 4 cm in diameter. "

The next step is to decontaminate your plantings in a solution of a fungicide, potassium permanganate, or other antifungal agent. The time for soaking in the solution is 1–1.5 hours, followed by drying. Some gardeners ask whether it is necessary to remove brown scales from the onions? They are cleaned for preventive examination of diseases and mechanical damage. Some growers clean the bottom of the onion for unhindered root germination.

How to plant plants will tell you their varietal affiliation. You can sort the planting material in advance so that during growth, tall flowers do not shade undersized ones, and pink buds do not merge with red ones. Other gardeners prefer to distribute different varieties in separate areas.

Preparing the soil

If at your dacha in the Moscow region or in another region of Russia the soil is sufficiently fertilized and loose, then you can safely proceed to planting. If it is poor and depleted, we prepare the following composition per 1m 2:

ammonium nitrate or urea	25 gr.	or urea, we bring in during disembarkation
potassium sulfate	30 gr.
saltpeter	30 gr.
a piece of chalk	500 gr.
bone flour	500 gr.	or dolomite flour
superphosphate double	50 gr.
wood ash without charcoal	200 gr.
nitrophoska	100 g	or other complex fertilizer
compost	2 buckets	or rotted manure

To simplify the procedure, you can buy ready-made soil, which contains all the necessary components in the required proportions.

Landing technology

Before planting tulips in open ground, it is necessary to take into account such a moment as the looseness of the soil. If the soil is loose and not heavy, then we lower the bulb to a depth equal to three bulbs of the same size. With heavy and clayey soil, the distance from the surface to the bottom of the hole will be two onions.

Advice! "Sand should be added to lighten the soil."

We will describe how to plant a crop correctly step by step using two methods.

The first way

Landing pattern - in open ground:

1. in September, we dig a trench or a furrow around a flower bed three bulbous sizes deep;
2. we place large onions on the bottom of the trench with the bottom up to create natural conditions for growth. You can arrange them in a checkerboard pattern (as in Holland) with an indent from each other by 1–2 cm;
3. medium or small seedlings can be stuck along the edges of the furrow or placed in a separate place, since they are still far from flowering (1-2 years). We also do with hybrid rare varieties so as not to confuse them with common species. It is important not to "screw in" and not to press on the landings for reliability, because the root bottom is damaged. We just lower it to the bottom and cover it with earth;
4. so that the mice do not sneak in and eat tasty onions, we plant hazel grouses between them. Their specific smell can scare off rodents;
5. for more reliable protection against eating, we perform the following grooming maneuver. The branches of rose hips, gooseberries or blackthorns, which we cut off before winter, are cut into several more pieces and placed on top of tulips and hazel grouses. It will not be easy for mice to get close to the treat;
6. after all the planting material has been placed, we fill it with nutritious soil to the surface of the earth;
7. if we were planting on a dry and sunny day, and the soil is not wet, then we water the plantings with water. Watering is not required in rainy autumn, because bulbous crops love dry conditions and a small amount of moisture is enough for them;
8. additional care can be applied to expensive and capricious varieties by covering them with spruce branches or other mulching composition.

Second way

The nature of the planting is in closed ground.

In another way, it looks like filling clay or plastic flowerpots and pots with planting material. Bulbous plants are planted in a checkerboard or other decorative pattern similar to the first method. A decorative vessel for the winter is covered with a foil or spunbond in 2-3 layers or, if possible, the decor is removed indoors. In early spring, they put it out on the street and wait for a beautiful flowering, removing the covering material, but leaving the mulch until the seedlings germinate.

Additional feeding in September, October is no longer required, since a sufficient amount of mineral and organic substances is already contained in the nutrient mixture into which we immersed the plantings. Spring fertilization is not required, because we have an early plant and the energy that has accumulated in the onions is spent on growth and flowering.

The culture needs watering only in the case of artificial germination at home or as a result of drying out the land. But usually the melting of snow in the garden plentifully nourishes the soil with liquid.

Attention! "In exceptional cases, additional recharge is required."

Here's a quick overview of when and how to plant tulips in the fall:

1. when the ground cools down to +7 ° C, we dig holes in the direction you like best;
2. to a depth of three bulbs, we lower the processed planting material with the root bottom down, observing the distance between plantings of 1–2 cm;
3. from above we fall asleep with a fertile mixture or substrate, mulching as needed;
4. in the dry early period, we water the seedlings. In the late autumn period (November, December) we do not water;
5. we are waiting for the spring vegetation.

How many gardeners are involved in digging up tulip bulbs and storing them? Most often they are left in the ground and do not bother with a transplant. But in order to obtain abundant flowering and healthy bulbs, it is necessary to plant tulips in the fall. This will ensure that in the spring the flower beds will turn into flowering carpets.

Tulips planting and care in the open field

First thing you need to choose a suitable place. It is recommended to plant tulip bulbs in well-lit areas of the garden. At the same time, they should be protected from the cold wind. The wind will break them, and without the sun, the stems will stretch out and the bulbs will be small and weak.

Second requirement touches the soil. The depth of the fertile layer for tulips should be at least 30 cm. Moreover, it is ideal if the soil is characterized as loam. If the soil is rich in clay, then it needs to be improved. For this purpose, coarse sand, peat and organic fertilizers are required. By the way, peat must be neutralized using chalk or lime.

There are situations when planting tulips in the fall in the Moscow region is difficult due to the fact that the soil is completely unsuitable for these plants. Then you need to do this. Dig a trench first. Its width and length depend on the size of the flower bed, but the depth should be at least 30 cm, as indicated a little above.

The bottom of the trench is supposed to be laid with drainage material. Its thickness is about 5 cm. After it, you need to pour in a nutrient mixture that is best suited for planting tulips.

Caring for tulips in autumn is to cover them for the winter. For this purpose, spruce branches are required. This is especially necessary if tulips are planted in autumn in Siberia. Another point of full-fledged care is timely feeding. During the period of intensive growth, apply nitrogenous fertilizer. After such a procedure, you will need to feed them a week later with a mixture of nitrogen and potassium sulfate. A week later - only with potassium sulfate.

When to plant tulips in autumn - when to plant tulips before winter?

These plants require a cooling period for full development. Therefore, it is necessary to plant tulips in autumn so that they have time to take root before frost. However, they should not germinate.

If time has been lost, then even planting is allowed in early December, that is, already in winter. Only then should the flowerbed be covered. This is to protect the bulbs from freezing.

Planting tulips in August not recommended because they will have time to germinate. Moreover, they will not have a cooling period. And with the first frost, young shoots will die. Due to the fact that the plants do not have time to go through the whole growth cycle, planting tulips in the summer is not recommended. It is best to plant the bulbs in early spring.

To understand when to plant tulips in the fall, you need to remember only one rule. The soil temperature at a depth of 15 cm should be 10 ° C.

These conditions do not always occur at the same time. The weather in any given year can be milder or harsher. Therefore, you need to plant tulips in the fall focusing on the specific weather. In addition, there is a rule according to which early flowering plants need to be planted 7-10 days earlier than those that will bloom later.

Tall tulip bulbs can be planted along the fence and bloom in the spring before all other plants are awake.

Planting time of tulips in different regions of Russia

So planting tulips in the fall in the Moscow region lasts a month from mid-September. Of course, you can move this to November, but you need to be sure that severe frosts are not expected for the next three weeks.

As for when to plant tulips before winter in Siberia, here the dates are shifted by a couple of weeks to an earlier side. This is due to the fact that colds come here earlier. If someone wants to plant tulips in the Urals, in the fall they should adhere to the same deadlines as indicated for Siberia. The climate in these regions is similar.

How to plant tulips before winter?

First, group them by grade. This will make it easier to care for them. Then place the largest bulbs in the center, and those that are smaller on the sides. This is necessary so that tall plants do not block the light of those that are weaker.

Then decide on the depth to which tulips will be planted in the fall in the middle lane. General recommendations are as follows. Planting depth is equal to three bulb heights. So small ones need to be buried 6-8 cm, and large ones up to 15.

To what depth you need to plant tulips, daffodils, hyacinths and other bulbs, you can look at the infographic.

Planting depth of bulbous flowers in the garden:

In addition, when tulips are transplanted in the fall, a beautiful flower bed is formed. To do this, you need to make several rows. The distance between them is about 15 cm. The gaps between the plants should be within 10-20 cm. The smaller the tulips, the smaller the indicated distances. Otherwise, the flower bed will seem empty.

Sometimes summer residents living in the Moscow region go to plant the bulbs in flowerpots. Then the intervals between them should be no more than 5 cm.

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It is difficult to imagine a summer cottage without a bright spring flowering of spring bulbs. How to preserve everyone's favorite tulips in summer, when to plant bulbs in autumn? Spring days are fleeting. With the arrival of stable heat, plants that have recently delighted with bright flowers wither. Their aboveground part completely dies off, and the bulbs patiently wait for the summer heat and winter cold to pass. Only the spring sun will awaken tulips again.

In nature, bulbs remain in the soil all year round. Tulips in flower beds are regularly dug up in order to sort, preserve and transplant. When to plant tulips: fall or spring? And how to do it right?

When to plant tulips in autumn

After planting, the tulip bulbs must acclimate and take root.This takes 21 to 28 days. Planting flowers in the middle lane in spring can significantly delay the appearance of buds. In autumn, if tulips are planted on time, the plants have enough time to settle down in a new place and leave for the winter.

In order for the flower beds to please with an abundance of flowers in May, it is important to choose the right time for planting tulips in the ground:

1. Early planting threatens the formation of foliage in the fall and freezing when it gets colder and snow falls.
2. If you miss the right moment, the bulbs will not winter well, the spring will be greeted weak and will not bud.

It is much easier to focus on soil temperature. If the soil in the flower bed is cooled to 7–8 ºC, the vegetation freezes and the bulbs cannot take root. For example, in the Moscow region and throughout the middle lane, tulips are planted when the air temperature in the Moscow region is higher than +3 ºC. According to long-term observations, such conditions persist until the last week of September or until mid-October. However, it is not worth delaying because of the risk of frost and early snow.

In the Urals, the dates are shifted by 10–20 days. The farther north, the earlier the bulbs should get into the ground. In Siberia, the planting of tulips in autumn is postponed to August and the first week of September. In a number of areas, bulbs are not planted before winter because of severe frosts, which cause irreparable damage to plantings.

How to plant tulips in autumn

Tulips, like most spring bulbous crops:

• sun-loving;
• do not like stagnant water and cold wind;
• prefer light, loose soil with a slightly alkaline reaction.

Before planting tulips in autumn, a suitable plot is prepared for them. Sand is added to dense, heavy soil. Sour lime soil or mixed with dolomite flour. Flower beds for bulbous are dug up on a full bayonet, making for each meter of area:

• 10-15 kg of well-rotted humus or grass-fed peat;
• 100-160 grams of sifted ash.

These fertilizers can be replaced with an equivalent amount of complex mineral mixtures, except for fertilizers with the inclusion of chlorine.

When tulip bulbs are planted in the fall, do not use fresh manure, droppings, or non-rotted compost. Such organics can provoke rotting of the bulbs, the introduction of pests and the development of fungal infections.

The planting depth of the bulb is equal to three of its diameters. On dense soil, it is better to plant flowers a couple of centimeters higher. On sandy soils, the holes are made a little deeper. Only healthy planting material should get into the soil, so the bulbs are pre-inspected, sorted and treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.

In the fall, when tulips are transplanted or planted in a new place, it is useful to make a sand cushion at the bottom of the furrow or hole, and dip the bulbs themselves in wood ash. It will serve as a protection against pests and rot, as well as an effective fertilizer.

Tulips are planted in groups or rows at intervals of 8 to 10 cm, taking into account the emergence of new bulbs and sufficient nutrition for adult plants. Then the holes are covered with soil, it is compacted and watered abundantly.

In the future, before the onset of winter, the bulb culture does not need constant attention. If the autumn, when the tulip bulbs are planted, is dry, the ridges are watered again. With the onset of stable cold weather, the site is thickly mulched. In winter, when there is a risk of freezing, the flower garden is additionally covered with snow.

How to store tulips before planting in the fall

The beauty of the bloom and the long life of the bulbs depends a lot on how the tulips are stored prior to planting in the fall.

To keep the bulbs juicy, dense and healthy, their excavation field is dried and cleaned of soil residues, foliage and roots. Then they are sorted, laid out in clean, ventilated boxes made of wood or plastic, sprinkled with sawdust or overlaid with wrapping paper. The optimum temperature for storing tulips is 22–25 ºC. The air should be 5–7 ºC cooler closer to landing.

Planting tulips in autumn - video

Tulip (Tulipa)

Planting and caring for tulips in the open field is not difficult even for beginners. Therefore, these flowers occupy one of the first places among perennial ornamental plants. Tulip is a perennial herb of the lily family, an ephemeroid. Originally from Central Asia. The stem is erect 10-90 cm in height. The leaves are wide, alternate. The flowers are large, cupped, single or in an inflorescence (2-5 pcs.). Can be plain or full (terry). The fruit of the plant is a box with seeds.

Garden tulips have been cultivated for many centuries. There are more than 80 of their species and more than 2 thousand industrial varieties. The color of flowers in different species and varieties is varied, but mostly bright colors of all shades prevail. Tulip varieties differ in flowering time, structure and flower size. Now varieties of terry, fringed, parrot tulips, bell-shaped, two-color and many others have been bred.

Propagation of tulips

Tulips reproduce vegetatively and by seeds. Seed propagation is mainly used only when growing new varieties. As with the propagation of any bulbous, it is easier to reproduce a plant by transplanting bulbs. This method allows you to get fast flowering flowers and ensures the transfer of all the properties of the plant.

How to store bulbs

When the tulips bloom and the leaves dry up, I separate the daughter bulbs from the mother and dry them in a dry, dark place for about two days.

Know! Tulips are susceptible to various fungal infections, therefore, only high-quality bulbs are selected for planting and storage, without flaws and damage, without the slightest suspicion of decay.

When storing tulip bulbs indoors in winter, it is very important to withstand the necessary conditions, otherwise there is a high probability of the death of the planting material or poor development of the resulting plants.

Storage temperature for the first two weeks should be 20-25 ° C and air humidity around 65-75%. Then t is lowered to 15 ° C and maintained until planting the bulbs. Store tulip bulbs in rows in a cool, dark place.

You should not store planting material in cardboard boxes, they will damp, which is why there is a great risk of decay. When and how to dig up tulips, as well as the nuances of storing bulbs, see the video.

Tulips planting and care in the open field: spring, autumn

When to plant a photo

Flowers are planted in spring and autumn. Autumn planting should be done so that the plants have 2-3 weeks to root. If the bulbs are planted later, then in the spring the plants will lag behind in development, and the early planted bulbs may germinate in the same fall and eventually die. The best time to plant tulips in autumn is mid-September, when the ground has a temperature of about + 10 ° C.

In spring, tulips are planted in early or mid-March, when the daytime temperature does not drop below + 8 ° C.

The landing site is chosen well-sanctified, level and protected from the wind. Tulips feel good in partial shade. The soil is fertile and moderately moist. The acidity of the soil should be 7-7.5 pH.

The preparation of the beds begins in the fall of the year preceding the planting of flowers. The soil is fertilized with plenty of organic fertilizers. It is recommended to use peat compost. River sand must be added to the beds.

When watering, moisture should penetrate to the entire depth of the root ball, while the roots do not tolerate waterlogging and stagnant water, therefore it is very important to ensure good drainage of the beds.

Before planting the bulbs, they must be etched with special preparations to protect them from fungi.

The bulbs are planted to a depth of 10-12 cm at a distance of 10 cm.The distance between the rows should be about 20-30 cm.If planting is carried out in the fall, then after freezing the beds are mulched with leaves or straw (if the winter is not very snowy, then the thickness of such a shelter should be at least 10 cm).With the onset of spring, the shelter is removed.

Tulip care

Flower care begins with the arrival of spring. When the first sprouts appear, it is necessary to remove the non-sprouted bulbs. Such a measure is necessary to prevent disease in other plants.

During the setting of buds and flowering, the flowers need uniform and abundant watering. The structure of the roots does not allow the flowers to receive moisture from the deep layers of the soil, therefore watering is an important factor in the care. Watering plants should be abundant within 2 weeks after the end of flowering.

Flowers need regular weeding, as well as loosening of the soil, which allows them to retain moisture. Burian is depleting and can tolerate fungal diseases.

Spring care after flowering

So that the plant does not waste energy on setting seeds, but builds up the mass of bulbs, the wilted flowers are cut off, leaving the leaves intact. The more green mass the plant has, the more nutrients the bulb will receive.

Top dressing of tulips

During the season, the flowers are fed three times with mineral supplements. The first time fertilization is applied in early spring (with the appearance of the first shoots). During this period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be in a 2: 2: 1 ratio.

The next feeding is carried out during the formation of buds and flowering. Here, the nitrogen dose is reduced, and potassium and phosphorus are increased (1: 2: 2).

Once again, the flowers are fertilized after flowering with potassium and phosphorus (1: 1). To enhance the development of young bulbs, it is advisable to add a little boron and zinc to the solution.

By the appearance of the plant, you can find out what kind of fertilizer it needs. The appearance of blue at the edges of the leaf plate is a signal that the plants lack phosphorus and potassium. If the tulip leaves become narrow and drooping, there is a lack of nitrogen.

Attention! It is recommended to use liquid fertilizers for plant nutrition. When using dry fertilizers, there is a risk of getting them on the leaves, resulting in burns. If you apply dry dressings, you definitely need abundant watering.

Transplanting tulips

It is better to replant flowers in the fall. Early varieties can be replanted in late summer. There is no single time for transplanting, it depends on the climatic conditions of the area and the type of plant. It can be most accurately identified by the leaves. When they turn brown and start to wilt, the plant is ready to be transplanted.

It is possible to transplant tulips even after the leaves are completely dry, but then there is a great risk of damage to the bulbs when separating them from each other, and, as a result, their loss.

The dug out bulbs should be prepared for the new planting. To do this, they are cleaned of soil, treated with antiseptics or a solution of potassium permanganate (10 minutes). Then they are dried and kept in a dry place to form: leaves; flower shoots; root system.

The main types and varieties of tulips

Depending on the timing of flowering, the shape and color of the flowers, as well as the height of the peduncle, all tulips are conventionally divided into classes. There are 15 garden classes in total. Separate classes are assigned for classification by forms: Gesner, Kaufman, Greig and Foster. All other tulips are grouped into grade 15.

Varietal tulips are widespread in ornamental gardening - these are flowers of the type "hybrid tulip" (T.Hibrida Hort). Early, middle and late tulips are distinguished by flowering time:

1. The usual early ones. These are tulips 25-40 cm high. Flowers are goblet or cupped, they are red and yellow in color. Tulips of these varieties are winter-hardy. Common varieties are Ibis, Mon Tresor, Triumph, Cooler Cardinal.
2. Medium flowering. Plants up to 70-80 cm high. Flowers are large, goblet-shaped. The color is very varied from white to purple and lilac flowers. There are two-tone varieties. These tulips are wind resistant. These include varieties such as: Triumph, Parade, Oxford, Aviator varieties.
3. Late. The height of the peduncle is 50-70 cm. The shape of the flowers is goblet.The main color of flowers is yellow, white or red; tulips are often lilac or pink in color. The late ones include parrot, lily-colored and green-colored tulips. Simple varieties - Tulips Tarda, Plamenny, Ekaterina, Menton, Pomerol, etc.

In flower shape, the most common are cupped and goblet tulips (simple tulips). But there are varieties with very original and bizarre flower shapes. These include:

1. Fringed. The edges of the petals of these tulips are finely cut, resulting in the appearance of a fringe. Height 50-60 cm. The color of flowers is very diverse, these flowers come in all colors and shades, except for black.
2. Lily-colored. The blossoming flowers of these tulips resemble a lily in shape. These tulips come in white, yellow, red, orange, purple, and pink.
3. Green-colored. These are undersized (up to 30 cm) or medium-sized (up to 50 cm) tulips. The reverse side of the flower petals is green throughout the entire flowering period.
4. Parrots. These tulips have petals cut or crimped, which gives them a bizarre shape. The color is bright, there are all colors and shades (including black). Bloom late.
5. Terry. The flower never fully unfolds. The color of flowers comes in all colors from white to purple, there are two-tone varieties.

Wild species of tulips:

1. T. Greig. Early tulip. Peduncle height up to 25 cm (but can reach 40 cm). The flowers are single, orange, yellow or red, sometimes variegated. In terms of decorativeness, this tulip is considered one of the best.
2. Foster's tulip. Flowers are solitary, 8-15 cm high. Duration of flowering is about a week. The color of the flowers is scarlet red. Blooms in early May.
3. T. Kaufman. Height 15-30cm. The flowers are white or cream in color, on the reverse side, the petals are dirty purple, 6-9 cm high, single. Cupped shape. Early appearance, blooms from the second half of April. The ancestor of the earliest tulip varieties.
4. T. forest. Plant height 20-40 cm. Flowers are star-shaped, solitary, yellow in color, with a greenish tint on the outside of the petals. Blooms in early May.

Tulips in decorative plantings

Ease of care, a variety of colors and shapes of flowers made the tulip one of the most widespread and favorite flowers for decorative landscaping.

Tulips have become an integral part of any flower bed. They are used in flower beds, mixborders, rockeries, rabatkas and massifs, grown in vases and pots. They look spectacular both in separate groups and against the background of other perennials or shrubs.

The variety of flowers in combination with abundant flowering makes it easy to make various color compositions from irises. Tulips planted along the paths or just on the lawn look beautiful. Low-growing varieties are great for alpine slides. Tulips planted in stumps look very unusual and interesting.

The color palette of these colors is very diverse. Tulips are white and black, hot (from yellow to dark red) and cold (purple, blue) tones. Flowers of certain varieties and species have bizarre and interesting shapes (lily-colored, parrot-like, double, green-flowered). Among such a variety, everyone can easily choose a flower to their liking.

In recent years, wild (botanical) tulip species have become popular. These are small, early-flowering tulips, the flowers of which fully open. Some specimens of these species are somewhat similar to water lilies. These tulips are good for alpine slides.

In addition, tulips are used for forcing and for cutting. Forcing tulips is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Maintaining the right temperature is essential. It is by changing the temperature that the timing and duration of flowering, the size of the flower and the speed of its opening are regulated.

For early distillation, early varieties of tulips are used.You should know that almost all varieties of tulips are suitable for forcing, and only a small part of them for cutting.

Tulips planting and care in the Urals, in Siberia

The climate of the Urals is not quite suitable for growing tulips due to strong cold winds. But if you pick up certain varieties, for example: apeldoorn, don quixote, lustigue vitwe, kis nelis; and a suitable place for planting, then the flowers will grow well. The plant is planted in autumn (early August) and spring (late July).

Experienced flower growers plant tulip bulbs in the fall. They know that when planted in autumn, flowers bloom faster and large buds form. The autumn planting also has nuances - this is the planting time. It is directly related to the climatic conditions of various regions of the Urals. The ideal temperature for planting in open ground is 8-10 ° C.

The area for planting the bulbs must be sunny and sheltered from the wind. The sun plays an important role in the formation and development of the bulb. If the planting site is shady, the bulbs will become weak and small, and the stems of the plant will become elongated.

The ideal soil for tulips when planting in the Urals is loam. Loam is a soil with a lot of clay (up to 30%) and sand. The loam is divided into 2 parts: light and heavy. In light soil, the content of clay is less than that of sand, heavy loam - less sand than clay. With an increased clay content, the soil can be improved by introducing organic fertilizers, peat, and coarse sand into the soil. At the same time, it is recommended to neutralize peat using lime or chalk.

In terms of acidity, slightly alkaline or neutral soil is suitable for tulips. In regions with acidic soil, dolomite flour, ash or slaked lime is added to the soil.

Plants are planted in the holes. It is advisable to pre-dig the garden bed. The hole is made based on the volume of the bulbs. For planting in light soil, the depth of the hole should be equal to three diameters of the bulb, and for heavy soil, two diameters. The distance between the plantings of the bulbs is 10 cm horizontally, and 25 cm vertically.

Caring for tulips in the Urals consists of watering, fertilizing and loosening the soil. The first feeding with urea (20 g / 1 liter of water -1 sq. M) is carried out after removing the mulch. The second feeding with phosphorus fertilizers is carried out during the budding of flowers.

Watering in the Ural regions should be done once a week (in the absence of rain). Mandatory watering during the period:

• budding;
• after flowering (after 14 days).

It is advisable to combine loosening the soil with weeding, since the weeds take away the nutrients necessary for tulip flowering.

In Siberia, tulips are planted in autumn. Flowers are planted in the fall so that they can take root before regular frosts, in which case the plants will survive the winter perfectly. A favorable time for planting bulbs in open ground is the end of September. Ideally - after the first frost from t to -3 ° C.

Planting depth 25 cm. If the depth is less than the bulbs may freeze over the winter. When planted deeper than 25 cm, the plant will need a lot of strength to develop and the flowers will grow small.

The bulbs are planted in a trench, on the bottom of which 2..3 cm of river sand is poured, at a distance of 15 to 25 cm from each other. Large bulbs for maximum distance, small ones closer. Then they cover the planting with manure, which has already perepil, watered if the autumn turned out to be dry and level the soil with a rake.

To protect the planted bulbs from frost, all the snow that fell in the fall is moved to a place for planting. If there is not enough rainfall or not at all, then they cover it with straw or hay, not compacting, but simply leveling it with a rake.

In the spring, after the snow melts, the soil around the flowers is loosened and top dressing is added for the bulbous. With a sharp drop in temperature, the flowers are covered with a film, which makes it possible to increase the temperature by 2-3 ° C.

The ideal temperature for tulips to bloom is 18-20 ° C, when the temperature rises to 25 ° C, the flowers fade faster. The flowering period in Siberia is 8-10 days, in order to prolong flowering, it is recommended that part of the planting material should be planted in a sunny place, and part in partial shade.

In Siberia, the bulbs must be dug up in summer (early July), when most of the leaves are dry. The dug out bulbs are dried, while the remaining leaves are not torn off, settled in boxes and stored in a cool place until planting.

Pests, diseases of tulips

Affected plants, if they do not die, then lose all their decorativeness and beauty. Therefore, the protection of tulips from diseases and pests should not be neglected. The most dangerous and common for tulips are fungal diseases: gray rot, typhulosis and fusarium.

Gray rot ... The causative agents of this disease are fungi that infect aerial shoots and bulbs. Spreads through the air, cut through the soil. Signs - small spots on the leaves of yellow or brown color.

To prevent disease, before planting, the bulbs are etched in a 0.4-0.6% solution of TMTD for about 15 minutes. TMTD is also used in the form of a powder to treat already planted plants.

Fusarium ... Spreads through the ground. Affected bulbs soften and die over time. A sign of the disease is the lagging of plants in growth, darkening and a decrease in the volume of the bulbs. To combat fusarium, soil dressing with special preparations is used.

The most effective way to combat fungal diseases is to transplant plants to a new place (with preliminary treatment). All these diseases are easier to prevent than to fight, take off, for this you need to follow the technology of proper planting and storage of bulbs, since it is during these periods that the slightest damage to it can lead to disease.

Tifulez ... Caused by a fungus that infects roots and bulbs. It is transported through the soil. The risk of the disease falls in the spring and autumn. Against typhulosis, you can use special chemicals or deep digging of soil. All dead and diseased plants are destroyed.

Variegation ... This is a viral disease. The signs are stripes on the leaves of a light green or silver color. This disease is not harmful to flowers, but diseased plants become weak and degenerate over time.

The main pests of tulips include: bear, root mite, aphid, scoop, slugs and mice.

Slugs and snails ... In the fight against them, you can use various baits, traps or barriers (mulch the ground with sawdust or sand). Most often, it is enough just to periodically inspect the plants, collecting slugs and destroying their eggs. Chemicals should be used only as a last resort if snails or slugs have multiplied en masse.

Aphid ... When aphids are affected, the bulbs develop reddish or brownish spots and a sticky discharge. If the leaves are damaged by aphids, light green spots appear on them. With severe damage, the leaves are deformed. In addition, aphids carry viruses. Aphids attack both the bulbs during storage and the plant during the growing season. Therefore, for prevention purposes, the material should be examined before planting and storage, the infected bulbs should be discarded and the rest should be treated against aphids.

Root mite ... It affects diseased bulbs and damaged by fungi. It can affect healthy people as well. Favorable conditions for mite development are dampness and mustiness. Acaricides are used to control ticks.

You can use special poisons and traps against mice and bears.

Tulips can grow in one place for 3-4 years. But some "capricious" varieties need to be replanted every year or grown as annuals.This is due to the fact that plants bred in nurseries under special conditions give flowers corresponding to their characteristics only in the first year, and then either they lose them or do not bloom at all.

But here an important role is played by the fulfillment of all the rules for planting and caring for tulips, since many varietal tulips can not lose their characteristics and decorativeness for 2 - 3 years.

Tulips, which are full and abundant in color, do not have developmental disorders, without signs of disease, do not need transplantation. When observing deformation in the development of buds and petals in plants, signs of diseases, a decrease or complete absence of flowering, this means that the plant requires a transplant.

Many growers prefer to plant tulips in the fall. In this case, in early spring, you can get abundant flowering. When planting in winter, it is very important to follow all the recommendations of specialists and experienced florists.

When and in what month to plant tulips before winter

Subwinter planting of tulips is especially important in central Russia. It is necessary to plant tulips in the autumn in order to provide "rest" for the bulbs. ... as well as improving rooting and accelerating growth processes in babies replacing the bulb. It is possible to activate the development of the aboveground part of the plant in spring if the time of planting the planting material is correctly determined. Late planting allows the bulb to retain well all the nutrients accumulated during the growing season.

Now many experienced flower growers are guided by the "Indian summer", after which there is a noticeable cold snap, which makes it possible to plant such decorative crops as daffodils, tulips and crocuses. The soil during this period is rather moist and not yet too frozen, therefore, the bulbs before the onset of severe frosts have time to adapt well and build up a sufficiently powerful root system before the onset of the first severe frosts.

Subwinter planting of tulips is especially relevant in central Russia

Standard average winter planting times:

• in the Moscow region and the Leningrad region - in the second half of September;
• in the Middle Urals - during September 10-20;
• in the South Urals - from September 20 to October 10;
• in Siberia - from August 20 to September 10.

Important to remember, that too early landing becomes the main cause of the death of planting material. It is best to focus on soil and climatic conditions, as well as the characteristics of the land in the flower beds. In most regions, planting takes place on the last day of October or the first week of November.

By the spring period, all systems of such tulips have time to form very well, including the embryonic or daughter bulbs, which, using nutrition from the mother bulb, are able to gain sufficient strength, which guarantees early and abundant flowering.

How to plant tulips in October (video)

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Timing and technology of planting tulip bulbs in autumn

You can plant tulips before winter at different times. In regions characterized by late and not too cold winters, ornamental crops can be planted throughout October, and during a warm autumn period even in November.

Also read: Gypsophila: application in landscape design, description of popular plant species

How to properly plant tulips before winter in the Moscow region and the Leningrad region

It would be most correct to plant the bulbs based on the weather conditions, with strict adherence to the following simple recommendations:

• the temperature regime of the soil when planting to a depth of 10 cm should be approximately 6-9 ° C, which will allow for a good development of the root system, and development will be less intensive if the deviation from these indicators is 3-4 ° C;
• the formation of the root system and the rudiments of flowers and leaves takes about a month, therefore it is recommended during this time to prevent deep freezing of the soil in flower beds;
• if the positive temperature regime lasts longer than a month, then there may be signs of germination of the planting material, therefore it is important to cover the sprouts from possible frost with spruce branches or non-woven covering materials.

In the middle zone of our country, including the Moscow region and the Leningrad region, planting can be performed from the last days of September until the second decade of October.

It is necessary to plant the planting material after preliminary preparation.

Technology and features of planting tulip bulbs in the Urals and Siberia

Planting tulips before winter in the Urals and Siberia - a procedure that has some of its own characteristics:

• it is necessary to plant the planting material after preliminary preparation, about three to four weeks before the onset of a strong autumn cold snap, which will allow the ornamental culture to form a strong and well-developed root system;
• planting too early under high temperature conditions not only causes rapid rooting, but can also provoke active vegetation and the appearance of unwanted seedlings;
• too late planting does not allow the planting material to adapt in the soil and the bulbs die as a result of freezing of the soil.

In order to correctly determine the moment of planting, it is very important to carefully observe the weather conditions in the region. It is necessary to carry out planting work after the first frosts appear, and the temperature regime of the air will drop to minus 3 ° С. It is during this period that the soil temperature drops to optimal values ​​of 7-8 ° C. As a rule, in Siberia and the Urals, this temperature is typical for mid-September, but in different years the optimal timing may well shift in one direction or another.

You can plant tulips before winter at different times.

How to plant tulips in autumn in Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine

Autumn planting of tulips, in contrast to spring planting, can guarantee the earliest emergence of seedlings and abundant flowering in Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine. The very first and most important point in such an event is to correctly determine the time of the autumn planting. Early planted bulbs on warm autumn days can sprout, and, accordingly, then die from the winter cold.

Also read: The technology of growing a beautiful climbing kobei

Planting too late does not allow the planting material to take root well ... but such a feature is not too scary for an ornamental culture, just spring flowering in this case will be a little late. However, it is important to remember that after planting in the fall, planting the tulip should be covered for the winter with spruce branches or dry foliage, on which a layer of snow will fall.

How to store tulip bulbs (video)

To correctly determine the timing of the autumn planting, it is required from time to time to measure the temperature of the soil at a depth of 15 cm. If the temperature is stable and keeps at the level of 7-10 ° C, then you can start planting work. On the territory characterized by warm weather in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus, such terms are held at the end of September or the beginning of October.

Very important in the process of pre-planting preparation, reject all weak or diseased bulbs, and then treat them with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or with the help of a special antifungal drug. Depth depends on dimensions and is approximately three bulb heights. It is necessary to plant and plant planting material in areas represented by well-lit and protected from the wind places with a nutrient layer of soil at a level of 35-40 cm. Before planting, during the digging process, compost, wood ash and phosphates must be added. The average distance between the bulbs does not exceed 8-10 cm. It is also important to provide high-quality planting protection from all kinds of rodents.

The average distance between bulbs does not exceed 8-10 cm

Autumn care for tulips outdoors

Standard autumn care for an ornamental crop includes several mandatory activities. As a rule, it is no longer necessary to care for the bulbs planted in the fall this year. An exception is the abnormally dry autumn period, during which it will be necessary to make good water-charging irrigation.

Also read: Proleska: characteristics of species and planting features

After a stable sub-zero temperature regime is established, and the soil on the flower beds freezes to a sufficient depth of 4-5 cm, it is necessary to cover the plantings with tulips with a high-quality layer of mulching materials. Most often, mulch is represented by sawdust, peat chips, crushed tree bark or dry straw. In most regions with sufficient snow cover, a 3 to 5 cm layer of mulch is sufficient.

It is necessary to cover plantings with tulips with a high-quality layer of mulching materials

Mulching can be replaced with a slightly deeper planting. You should also remember about the risk of damage to planting material by hungry rodents. In this case, it is recommended to use a variety of deterrents. Best of all, sawdust or peat chips, which are soaked in creolin or kerosene before use, at the rate of 1 kg per bucket of warm water, have proven themselves. You can also use special baits based on bread flour mixed with ordinary cement or alabaster. Sometimes mousetraps or special traps for rodents are installed.

Autumn planting is not only a guarantee of obtaining the earliest and most abundant flowering of tulips, but also an excellent opportunity to minimize the time, effort and money spent on storing planting material throughout the winter. It is for this reason that experienced flower growers prefer autumn planting of bulbs.

Basic rules for growing tulips (video)

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The autumn planting of tulips is a responsible business, because the quality and quantity of the most delicate buds that will bloom in early spring depend on the successful planting of bulbs. Having missed the optimal time and violating the main principles when planting bulbs in the ground, at best you can be left without beautiful flowers, at worst - ruin the planting material.

Optimal planting dates for tulips in autumn

The desire to see beautiful flowers peeking out from under the melting snow in spring makes many gardeners think about planting bulbs in autumn days, but how to determine the time of planting tulips, is it possible to plant tulips at the end of October, is it possible to plant tulips in August?

Bulbous planting usually takes place in September and October, the best time for planting tulips is considered to be the period when the temperature outside will keep within positive limits from 4 ° C to 8 ° C, this feature should be taken into account by flower lovers, focusing on the local climate. Depending on the region of cultivation, the planting of tulips in the fall in the Moscow region, in the Urals and Siberia, in the middle lane, begins earlier than in the southern regions (Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov) and in the Kuban.

The nature is unpredictable, if in the northern regions a cold snap came in August and forecasters do not promise warm days, at the appropriate temperature it is possible to land at the end of August, and maybe even earlier. Every gardener should be able to independently determine the most suitable time. It is the autumn planting of tulips that is considered optimal, the bulbs successfully root and pass the necessary cooling period in the ground, after which they begin to give beautiful buds in early spring.

Tulip planting rules

For good rooting and future wintering, you need to know how to plant tulip bulbs in autumn, the development of the plant and future flowering depend on the correct planting. The rules that experienced gardeners use to create chic flower beds and grow planting material will help to avoid mistakes:

in the photo - autumn planting of tulips

• the place for a flower bed with tulips should be sunny, without strong winds. In the shade, plants give weak buds and flowering is late, drafts and constant winds adversely affect vegetative growth;

• the earth is dug to a depth of 30-35 centimeters, loosened, organic fertilizers (compost, ash, humus, etc.) or mineral fertilizers are applied to improve the composition of the soil. Tulips love fertile loose soils with a rich composition of trace elements;

• Before planting, tulip bulbs are examined, large and smaller ones are selected, disinfected in a weak solution of potassium permanganate to protect against fungal diseases. Vishnevsky's ointment will help save the bulbs from rodents, treat the planting material with a small amount, such a bait will taste inedible to pests, many will leave the planting due to the smell;

• if you know at what distance to plant tulips, plants can create excellent conditions for growth, so large and large bulbs are planted at a distance of 10 centimeters, smaller bulbs are placed more closely (6-8 cm). Take into account the data so that the planting density of tulips is more optimal;

• planting depth is 12-15 centimeters, depending on the size of the tulip bulbs. If you use a scientific approach to accurately calculate the depth, then you need to multiply the length of the bulb by three;

• after planting, the grooves are covered with earth and the main question arises, is it necessary to water the bulbs when planting in the fall, to which experienced gardeners answer if the soil is wet and the weather is rainy

• no need, dry autumn weather - a reason to moisten the soil for good rooting of tulip bulbs.

Possible landing errors

A standard situation when a novice florist did everything right, and the result was disastrous. What are the possible mistakes when planting bulbs in autumn? Numerous reviews of ordinary flower lovers and the experience of gardeners will help to understand the reasons and help eliminate them:

in the photo - planting tulip bulbs

1. Why did tulip flowers become small? A possible reason may be hidden in a buried planting, in spring it is difficult for a plant to break through a thick layer of earth. Heavy depleted soils on the site cannot favor beautiful large flowers. A common mistake is to grow in one place for several years in a row, tulips are replanted annually;
2. Tulips take a long time to sprout and bloom late ... - nobody canceled the whims of nature, this is the primary factor affecting germination and germination. Planting too late in the fall and shallow depth when the bulbs are embedded in the ground, often cause delayed flowering, the bulbs could freeze a little. In the northern regions, peat crumbs are often used, which are scattered in a small layer over the filled grooves. In spring, the peat heats up, the snow melts faster, the bulbs actively begin to germinate;
3. Tulips did not sprout, what to do? Unfortunately, gnawing pests and insects harm the planting material, which does not take root and dies; freezing and rotting of the bulbs cannot be ruled out. You can save tulips in different ways, sprinkle the bulbs with red hot pepper before planting or process them in kerosene (stand for 15-20 minutes). In case of fungal diseases, prevention and treatment of tulip bulbs immediately before planting in the ground is necessary.

The correct autumn planting of tulips is a guarantee of a beautiful and fragrant flower garden, it will not work to grow gorgeous flowers without attention and proper care, there is always a way out - take garden tools in your hands and go straight to the flower bed!

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