Scheme of planting tomatoes in open ground under drip irrigation

How often to water tomatoes outdoors

Watering tomatoes outdoors is not such an easy procedure as it might seem at first glance. This business has its own characteristics and nuances. Tomatoes love warmth and sunlight, but not heat!

Watering frequency

The frequency of watering a tomato plant outdoors depends on how quickly it dries. It is necessary to moisturize it abundantly, once a week - this will be enough, provided that it does not rain. If there is any precipitation, you need to do it less often. There should be enough liquid in the ground after the moment of setting and before the tomato stops pouring. If you do not water the tomatoes in the open field on time, then they will be small, and even worse, they can completely fall off the ovaries. They can be irrigated not often, but the main thing is to do it correctly.

And when the tomatoes have developed and grown, the lack of moisture in them can lead to the fact that they crack.

Tomatoes do not need to be moistened frequently after planting.

In the open field, you also do not need to pour water often. It will be correct to do this less often, but with an abundant amount of water. This is a basic rule to be followed immediately after planting. But if often and in small portions - this is not right, moreover, such watering can negatively affect the fruits.

If there is a strong heat in the daytime, it is better to water the tomatoes after it subsides, literally before sunset. Since at night the liquid is well absorbed by the root system of the plant.

By the appearance of the plant, you can determine with the naked eye whether it has enough moisture. With a lack of it, the leaves will become darker and wilted.When the fruits begin to set, the amount of water during watering will need to be increased.

The best way to water

No matter how much you watch a video about planting, growing and caring for tomatoes, it's easier than reading an article - nothing will happen. After planting tomatoes in open ground, the best way to water them is by drip.

This method is very easy to equip with your own hands. Plastic bottles make your life easier. When using this method, the yield increases. It also has a beneficial effect on the safety of fruits and plants from the disease of the top rot. It will be correct if you add literally two or three pinches of ash per ten liters of liquid to the water for irrigation. Also, for a good harvest, you can sprinkle ash around the plants.

If you find a hard crust on the surface of the earth, be sure to loosen it immediately. This often happens after heavy watering or after a rainstorm. And if there is mowed mulch on the ground near your plants, then it is not necessary to loosen the ground every time.

The stream of water during irrigation should be directed to the planting site, that is, under the root. Never direct liquid onto leaves or fruits. If water droplets remain on the leaves, this will damage them. As a result, late blight spores may germinate.

Tap water is very hard and can reduce acid balance and soil temperature. You can also water it in the morning, the main thing is to monitor the temperature of the water.

What water to water

What water to water tomatoes with also plays an important role. After planting the plants outdoors, water them once or twice every week. A sufficient amount is approximately five liters for one bush. The most ideal option for watering a tomato is rainwater.

Gardeners recommend insisting water for irrigation in containers, and then adding fertilizers to it in the form of manure or weeds. This will make the water much softer.

Video "Watering Tomatoes"

On the record, an experienced gardener talks about the correct watering of tomatoes that are grown in the open field.

How to properly plant tomatoes in open ground

Few people know that tomato is one of the most demanding and capricious vegetables. He loves the sun and warmth, and does not tolerate excess moisture and strong winds. That is why, when a gardener wants to get good tomatoes, planting and care in the open field must comply with all the rules for their maintenance.

Disembarkation dates

Since we know that a tomato is a thermophilic plant, the time when you can plant tomatoes in open ground is determined by atmospheric phenomena and weather. That is, as soon as the soil has warmed up a little, and there are no frosts at night, the seedlings can be planted. Usually May is the month when tomato planting becomes possible. The second half of the month or the beginning of the next one is best suited for disembarkation.

But still, before planting seedlings, it is worth knowing its variety and planting features. In addition, the climate of the area where tomatoes are planted has a great influence on the timing of planting. So, for example, in some localities it is possible to plant tomatoes already in February, because there is a milder and warmer climate, but in places such as Siberia and the Urals, you can plant vegetables not earlier than mid-March, or even at the beginning of April, if you want. get a harvest of tasty and healthy tomatoes.

It is worth noting that it is better to plant seedlings in the afternoon for the reason that by the evening the soil warms up well, and the tomato will have a whole night ahead to absorb the heat and get stronger.

Landing patterns

Scheme of tape-two-line planting of tomatoes

Tomatoes are planted according to schemes that usually depend on the variety, height and irrigation system used in your garden.There are several planting schemes, but the main thing should still be the fact that there should be a short distance between the bushes for sufficient air and sunlight to enter.

Square-nested

This tomato planting scheme is suitable for tall varieties of vegetables, where row spacing is of particular importance, which helps to keep the open soil loose and clear of weeds.

This scheme involves planting a tomato in the corners of a square, thus reducing the number of plants in a row. In order not to plant too few plants in a row and, accordingly, not to reduce their number per hectare, planting is carried out as if in a "nest", ie. two or three plants are planted next to each other. Such planting allows to reduce the amount of processing time for rows with tomatoes by 10-20 working days and reduce labor costs by almost half. But the most important advantage of such a planting scheme is an increase in the amount of yield due to timely inter-row processing of bushes. That is why this method is one of the most popular among gardeners, because it allows you to mechanize the processing of vegetables and makes it possible to carry it out in two directions.

Ribbon-nesting

Scheme of the tape-nesting method of planting tomatoes

The tape-nesting scheme allows you to plant more bushes in one area than the square-nesting scheme. The advantage of this planting pattern is that close-planted tomatoes can better withstand weather conditions. In this method, the soil is cut into irrigation furrows every 140 centimeters, and the bushes themselves are planted on both sides of these furrows. It is also worth noting that, ideally, a tomato during growth develops in the limit of 0.3 square meters. Therefore, for good growth, each bush needs to be given its own space.

This planting of vegetables also allows for mechanized cultivation of bushes and removal of weeds.

Preparing for landing

About a week before the time you are going to plant tomatoes, it will be correct to process the soil and prepare it for receiving seedlings. Usually the soil is treated with copper sulfate, other fertilizers are applied and the soil is fertilized, if any other vegetables grew on this soil earlier.

Also, the soil should be dug up before planting the vegetable in order to open the soil to oxygen and sunlight. Then holes are made according to the scheme that was chosen, and they are watered with warm water. To choose the right depth of the hole, you should pay attention to the height of the bush, and, if necessary, deepen only the soil bag.

Also, before planting a tomato, you should take care of the readiness of the tomato garter peg in the future. The tomato itself needs to be watered abundantly before planting, so removing it from the pot will become easier and not a single element of the root system will be damaged.

We plant tomatoes

When the soil is ready for planting a tomato, the seedlings are very carefully removed from the container in which it has been growing all this time, it is very important not to disturb the earthen lump formed around the root system of the bush, then the bush is vertically lowered into the hole, which must be opened before lightly sprinkle with earth. You can sprinkle some compost around the planted bush so that the plant immediately receives nutrients and takes root better.

Sprinkle the compost with soil again and compact the soil around the bush a little. After that, water each bush using a liter or two of water for each. After the bush is planted, you need to install a peg next to it, the height of which will depend on the variety of tomato, for example, for low-growing tomatoes, the pegs can be 50 cm high, but for medium-sized tomatoes, the height of the peg should be about 80 cm.

A more effective method is to tie tomatoes not to pegs, but to an arc and wire about 1 meter high.

Care after landing

After you have managed to plant all the tomato bushes, it will be correct not to water them until the seedlings take root. Adaptation takes place from 8 to 10 days and only after that the watering period can be opened. You need to water the bushes at the root, avoiding the ingress of liquid on the leaves, this can lead to tomato disease. It is also undesirable to water the tomatoes with the help of rain, because although the plant receives the necessary moisture, at the same time the temperature decreases and the humidity of the air rises, which tomatoes do not like very much.

It is worth watering vegetables in the second half of the day - in this way it is the roots that will absorb all the liquid and it will not evaporate. What can not be said about watering tomatoes in the morning. Also, do not water them too often, especially before the fruit sets, you just need to open the soil to moderate moisture, but try not to flood it. But after the fruit begins to grow, tomatoes need more water. During this time, watering should be increased in order to maintain the moisture level in the soil at the same level.

It can also happen that individual bushes begin to wither. The reason for this may be an insufficient amount of sunlight, which is not detrimental to the vegetable. Therefore, you should not pull out or cut the bush, if it has begun to fade a little, you do not need to water it too much either. If there is a possibility, then you can try to open a little space so that more light comes to this bush. In a few weeks, the bush will come to life again, and the tomatoes will take on a healthy look, and you will not be deprived of a crop.

After you have watered the bush, you should loosen the soil around it and remove the weeds. The depth of loosening should be about 8-12 cm in order to open up a good oxygen saturation for the roots and warm the soil. In the future, the depth of loosening is reduced to 4-5 cm. It is worth being very careful with this stage of processing tomatoes, because soil compaction can lead to damage to the root system.

It is also worthwhile to devote time to hilling tomatoes, at least two to three times a season. This will saturate the soil with oxygen, ensure the development of the root system and good nutrition of the plant, and during hilling, grooves are formed in the soil that retain water longer, which ensures regular soil moisture.

After planting, tomatoes should be fed from time to time. In total, for the entire period of plant growth, four stages of feeding must occur.

The first occurs three weeks after transplanting, the second after the second flower cluster begins to bloom, and the third when the third flower cluster blooms. The last dressing is usually done three weeks after the third dressing.

When planning to plant tomatoes, remember that planting tomatoes outdoors is not easy. This process is stressful both for the plant itself and for the gardener, therefore it is worth having patience and applying as much energy as possible, following all the rules for caring for this capricious vegetable, and then a rich harvest will not be long in coming.

Video "Secrets of growing tomatoes in the open field"

In the video, experienced vegetable growers talk about how to properly plant tomatoes in open ground, what fertilizers to fertilize them with and how to tie up tomatoes.

Hello. Did you know that you can get an early harvest of tomatoes, even if the tomato is grown outdoors? It turns out that anything is possible! And to get an early harvest, you can plant seedlings earlier (at the end of April). Only in this case it will be necessary to initially prepare the planting site and take measures to protect the plants from frost.

It is equally important to use early varieties. In open ground, you can plant seedlings that have reached the age of 60 days. In any case, even if you do not plan to get an earlier harvest, it is important to follow some rules.

Planting tomatoes in open ground

As for the soil, it is advisable to prepare it in advance, even in the fall. To do this, add rotted manure and mineral fertilizers (superphosphate -40 gr., Potassium sulfate - 20 gr.) To the ground. In the spring, ammonium nitrate (20 g) is added to the soil and everything is dug up. Doses are indicated for a plot of 1 m2.

When planting tomatoes in open ground, add a little vermicompost to each hole. If there is no vermicompost, then it is replaced with rotted manure. Together with humus, add 30 grams to the hole. ammonium nitrate, 80 gr. superphosphate, and 40 gr. potassium salt. It is also advisable to add 1-2 tablespoons to the hole. ash.

Ash not only contains nutrients, but it is also an excellent remedy for many diseases. Only ash is applied separately from other fertilizers.

If you want an earlier harvest, try planting seedlings outdoors at the end of April. Of course, this is a risky undertaking, but if you take protective actions against frost, you can get the harvest 3 weeks earlier. And if you set yourself a goal, then you will earn a little on it.

To protect the seedlings from frost, they are covered with bottles or milk cartons.

In open ground, tomato seedlings are planted at a distance of 35 cm. from each other, and the distance between the rows should be at least 70cm. Plants are planted less frequently to reduce the risk of late blight.

When planting seedlings in a hole, they are well watered. If the seedlings have overgrown a little, then they are planted obliquely. It is important that the height of the plant is no more than 25cm. from the earth. But do not deeply deepen the plants, as this can cause a lag in development.

After planting, the plant is watered again and a layer of compost or mowed mulch is sprinkled around the bush.

Watering tomatoes outdoors

As for watering, tomatoes should not be watered over the leaves, but it is also not worth watering at the root. Watering is carried out between the rows, after that, sprinkle the place of irrigation with dry soil on top. With this method of irrigation, the roots receive moisture, but the ground around the bush remains dry and loose, so that the roots receive air freely. In addition, in this way you reduce the chances of developing late blight.

Many amateur vegetable growers water the plants with a small amount of water and this is fundamentally wrong. Water must be abundant, since a small amount of water only moistens the surface of the earth, without reaching the root system.

Some experienced vegetable growers argue that tomatoes are not at all afraid of drought, on the contrary, the less often they water, the sweeter the fruits. Someone water their tomatoes only once, during planting in open ground. And no matter how shocking it may seem, they have a rich harvest.

The thing is that tomatoes are able to receive water from the air of the soil, therefore, watering can be replaced by loosening the soil. At the same time, you should be aware that heat (above 35C) causes sterility of pollen.

Outdoor tomato care

To get a rich harvest of tomatoes, you need to regularly remove stepchildren (but not for all fruits). Also, as it grows, the lower leaves are also removed, so that there is a gap of 25 cm between the ground and the leaves.

Make sure that both stems and leaves are always dry. In addition, it is important that the plants receive enough light, and the air between the plants circulates freely.

We used to make one gross mistake, removing all the leaves from the plant, leaving only the ovaries. But the leaves play an important role in the formation of the crop. Therefore, only old and damaged leaves need to be removed. If you notice signs of late blight, then it is better to remove all diseased leaves.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field

Top dressing is just as important if you want a rich tomato crop. 3-4 feeding is carried out per season.

• 1 top dressing

In 10 liters. water is diluted:

All vegetables on my site are grown on tree-lined ridges.

The width of the ridges is from 0.5 to 1.2 m (narrow ones are preferable). The paths between the ridges are 0.5-0.7 m wide. The planting scheme is quite dense, which allows you to get good yields on a high agricultural background.

Having experience in using the drip irrigation system on the ridges, I can safely say. That on a ridge with a width of 1.0 - 1.2 m, it is enough to lay 2 (maximum 3) laterals (drip lines). Thus, the ridge becomes universal. You can grow any vegetables on it, observing the crop rotation.

For narrow ridges of 0.5-0.7m, 1 drip tape is enough.

Drip irrigation of onions

Onions are able to grow on all types of soil, but the best performance is achieved in medium soil, with a pH of 6 - 7. High temperatures accelerate the bulb development process, low temperatures lead to shooters.

Landing scheme:

1. 0.2-0.2x (5-8cm) on a ridge 0.5 m wide (Between the ridges there is a passage of 0.5-0.7 m. 2 rows every 0.2 m with a distance of 5-8 cm in a row). One drip tape (lateral) is placed between the rows
2. 0.2-0.2-02x (5-8) on the ridge 0.7m. 2 lateral in 3 rows
3. 4-6 rows (between rows 0.15-0.2mx (5-8)) on ridges 1-1.2m. 1 lateral for each pair of rows.

Distance between drippers 0.3 m. Any type of drip tape is suitable, especially low flow drippers.

Irrigation... The root system is close to the surface of the ground, so watering every 1-3 days is recommended. Watering stops 15-20 days before the start of the harvest.

Drip irrigation of lettuce.

It is divided into two main groups: leaf and head.

The temperature and length of the day affect the growth of the lettuce. He prefers moderate temperatures. Seeds germinate at a temperature of + 7 ° - + 24 °. The optimum temperature for growth is + 13 ° - + 16 °. At temperatures above + 21 °, it begins to bloom. Lettuce prefers short daylight hours, if the length of daylight hours exceeds 12 hours, it begins to bloom.

Watering should be done every 3 days. On hot days, it is preferable to use pulsed irrigation to maintain high humidity. With an excess of moisture in the root zone, rot may form. The total amount of water depends on the type of soil.

Landing scheme:

• Rows 1.2 m in size. 4 rows on a ridge, 30 cm between rows, 30 cm between plants in a row.
• One drip tape for two rows, 0.3 m between drippers. Any type of tape is suitable.

Irrigation... Frequent irrigation cycles in hot weather, several times a day for light soils, for heavy soils every 1 to 2 days.

Drip irrigation of carrots.

Landing scheme:

1. 2 lines on a ridge 0.5m wide. 1 drip tape (lateral) with a distance between droppers of 0.3m, outlet 1.5-2 l / h
2. 3 lines on a 1m wide ridge. 2 lateral.

Irrigation... It is better to water the carrots with lower rates and more often, because with a large drop in humidity, carrots crack. Any drip tapes with droppers after 20-30cm are suitable.

Drip irrigation of pepper.

There are many varieties of pepper in various colors: yellow, green, red, orange. I usually plant large-fruited F1 hybrids with a wall thickness of at least 10mm. Peppers prefer relatively high temperatures and cannot tolerate low temperatures, especially in the early stages of development. The optimum temperature is 18 ° - 28 °. At temperatures below 12 °, growth stops, an adult plant suffers when the temperature drops to 8 °. Seedlings bloom at the age of 43 days, if the temperature drops to 15 °, flowering is delayed. Pepper is not sensitive to the length of daylight hours, but it is sensitive to soil moisture. Irregular watering can lead to the loss of flowers and ovaries. Pepper slowly recovers from stress. The roots lie in the upper soil layers, so regular watering is necessary. Seasonal water consumption 650-900mm. Pepper is very picky about the level of phosphorus fertilization from the very beginning of the growing season.

Soil preparation... The soil is dug up, thoroughly and deeply loosened. A ribbon is laid out along the future rows. The mulching material is laid.Landing sites are marked on the mulch. The markings and slots can be done in advance. Seedlings with a well-developed root system and buds of inflorescences are planted in the slot. The root, grown in a container, is almost not injured.

Landing scheme:

1. 2 rows per ridge 0.7m wide. The distance between the rows is 0.3-0.4m. 1 drip tape between rows.
2. 3 rows on a bed 1.2m. 0.3-0.4m. 2 lateral in 3 rows.
3. 1 row on a narrow ridge (0.5m). Distance between plants 0.3m. 1 drip tape.

If the honey is spacing in rows with an interval of more than 0.6 m, one line per row is required. The distance between the drippers is determined according to the type of soil and varies between 0.3-0.8 m.

Irrigation. All types of drip tapes are suitable. The lateral with a large exit is not recommended for use. The optimal irrigation cycle is 1-3 days.

Drip irrigation for cucumbers.

Cucumber is one of the most common crops. I always plant only parthenocarpic hybrids. The first fruits appear after 5 weeks and can be harvested within 4-7 weeks depending on the variety and conditions. Seed germination occurs at a minimum temperature of 10 ° at a fairly fast pace. The optimum temperature for growth is 20 ° - 25 °, but the culture also grows at hotter temperatures. Cucumbers are sensitive to low temperatures and changes in day length. More female inflorescences and ovaries appear within short days. The plant is susceptible to leaf diseases, especially powdery mildew, which occurs in high humidity conditions. Cucumbers are not picky about soil types and can grow in any conditions.

Indicative watering rates

Let's consider each of them in more detail.

The better to water tomatoes

For a small greenhouse, it is best suited manual watering using a hose or watering can. Despite a certain "laboriousness" of the process, with the help of manual irrigation, each tomato bush will be provided with water in the required volume. However, it should be remembered that the water should not be too cold, so you need to take it settled in a barrel. When watering, direct the hose only to the roots to avoid sunburn.

Drip irrigation the tomato is suitable for large greenhouses and, in comparison with the previous method, requires financial costs. True, the cost of purchasing special equipment will greatly simplify watering and save time.

Advantages of drip irrigation:

• moisture penetration exactly to the roots
• reduction of water consumption
• exclusion of soil leaching and salinization
• minimization of physical effort for irrigation

Watering tomatoes with bottles - a master class on video

Watering a tomato from bottles is a type of drip irrigation, which is based on the use of ordinary plastic bottles and a little labor of your hands.

How to organize watering of a tomato from bottles? The video shows in detail the process of making such a homemade irrigation system.

Watering the tomato with bottles

Automatic irrigation system - a great option for large polycarbonate greenhouses, which usually grow tomatoes on an "industrial" scale. The installation of such equipment can be entrusted to specialists or you can do it yourself, based on a previously drawn up plan for planting in a greenhouse. However, if you have a small greenhouse and grow tomatoes "for yourself", then it is better to choose a less expensive way of watering the tomato.

How often to water tomatoes in the greenhouse

After planting, the seedlings need to be watered abundantly - up to five liters per plant. Then you can “forget” about watering for about a week. How do you know if tomatoes need moisture? Pay attention to the top layer of the soil. If the soil is dry, then it's time to water the seedlings - after all, the roots of young plants are too weak to absorb liquid at a depth. Tomato seedlings are usually watered once or twice a week.

When the bushes begin to bear fruit, the volume of water can be gradually increased.However, experienced gardeners do not recommend getting carried away, since high humidity in the greenhouse can provoke the development of late blight and other fungal diseases.

Features of watering a tomato in the open field

We rarely water tomatoes in the open field, but abundantly - about twice a week. How to water tomatoes in the heat? It is customary here to proceed from the climatic features of the area, since in different regions the heat occurs at different times. Seedlings that have just been planted in the beds need moist soil, so they should be watered more often. We adhere to the same regime during the setting of tomato fruits. And in between we water, as usual - twice a week.

As in greenhouse conditions, tomatoes in the open field do not like "soul". So you need to water only the aisles of the plants, avoiding moisture on the leaves and stems. As for the water, it should be warmed up, ideally to the temperature of the soil. For example, if the earth has warmed up to + 24⁰, then the water temperature should be about the same.

When to water tomatoes? Early morning or evening, before sunset. In the heat, it is better to postpone watering, but in cloudy weather, the watering time does not matter. Indeed, in the absence of the sun, moisture cannot evaporate before it is absorbed into the soil. Watering should be alternated with loosening - tomato roots need air access.

The better to water tomatoes - types of feeding

The main purpose of feeding tomatoes is to saturate the plants with nutrients for good fruit yields. This can be either fertilizing the soil or foliar feeding. In addition, an important task for every gardener is the fight against crop diseases. For this, it is better to choose not chemical preparations, but proven "folk" remedies.

Watering tomatoes with yeast: nutritious feeding

Regular baker's yeast contains minerals, organic iron, and various trace elements. To feed the tomato, you need to prepare a special solution - we take a kilogram of yeast for five liters of water. Before watering, such a solution must be diluted with water again (1: 100). Top dressing is carried out in the spring, when the plants are actively growing. However, along with feeding, ash must be added, since yeast tends to absorb potassium from the soil.

How to get rid of an onion fly permanently - the best ways are here

Watering tomatoes with iodine and milk: a universal remedy

A solution of raw milk with iodine will reliably "scare away" many garden pests. Such a product must be applied as a spray, after which the leaves are covered with a thin film of lactose and milk sugar. This repels insects and avoids the penetration of diseases. Recipe for iodine-milk solution: water (4 l), milk (1 l) and iodine (15 drops).

How to properly water cucumbers so that they do not turn yellow and bitter, see here

Watering the tomato properly is an important part of growing crops. Follow our recommendations and you will be assured of abundant yields of fragrant red fruits.

How often to water tomatoes outdoors

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Watering frequency

Subject to the variety. Certain types of cabbage need more watering.Lack of watering has many negative consequences and leads to the drying out of the seedlings or the formed head of cabbage. Moreover, different types of cabbage (cauliflower, Peking cabbage, white cabbage, etc.) have differences in watering. But the rules are the same for all varieties, but with slight differences.

Regular baker's yeast contains minerals, organic iron, and various trace elements. To feed the tomato, you need to prepare a special solution - we take a kilogram of yeast for five liters of water. Before watering, such a solution must be diluted with water again (1: 100). Top dressing is carried out in the spring, when the plants are actively growing.However, along with feeding, ash must be added, since yeast tends to absorb potassium from the soil.

Exclusion of soil leaching and salinization

If you have additions to this article, then please add them in the comments and upload photos of your tomatoes through the "Select file" button. Thank you! Good harvests to you!

If the leaves wither in wet soil, then this is already a disease and most likely due to excessive watering, most often it is a black leg. In this case, it is already difficult to save seedlings.

The best way to water

Attention! After watering, carefully observe the microclimate in the greenhouse and when the humidity rises, be sure to ventilate it by opening all the vents.

In addition, both of these methods lead to the formation of a crust on the surface of the earth as it dries, and the need for frequent loosening.

In different periods of the growing season, watering rates should be different: young seedlings are watered often, but in moderation, adult plants - not often, but abundantly. And during the ripening period of fruits, tomatoes should not lack moisture;

Tap water is very hard and can reduce acid balance and soil temperature. You can also water it in the morning, the main thing is to monitor the temperature of the water.Watering tomatoes outdoors is not such an easy procedure as it might seem at first glance. This business has its own characteristics and nuances. Tomatoes love warmth and sunlight, but not heat!

Some cabbage varieties are more drought tolerant than others.

What water to water

Most often watered:

How to get rid of an onion fly permanently - the best ways are here

Video "Watering Tomatoes"

Minimization of physical effort for irrigation

How to water tomatoes in a greenhouse and maintain normal air humidity

TomatLand1 892 views1 comment

I want to note that if the illumination above your plantings is low, that is, there is no backlighting, and the weather is not sunny, excess watering is especially destructive - moisture will stagnate, and the roots and stem at the base will begin to rot. When growing tomato seedlings, over-watering is much worse than under-watering.
When the tomatoes start to sing, frequent watering can speed up ripening. But here it is important not to overdo it, since various fungal diseases can develop from excess moisture (see Diseases of tomatoes: their varieties and how to deal with them), for example, late blight.

Features of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse

However, this can be avoided by mulching the tomato in the beds;
Especially carefully you need to monitor soil moisture with dense plantings of seedlingsWhat water to water tomatoes with also plays an important role. After planting the plants outdoors, water them once or twice every week. A sufficient amount is approximately five liters for one bush. The most ideal option for watering a tomato is rainwater.
The frequency of watering a tomato plant outdoors depends on how quickly it dries. It is necessary to moisturize it abundantly, once a week - this will be enough, provided that it does not rain. If there is any precipitation, you need to do it less often. There should be enough liquid in the ground after the moment of setting and before the tomato stops pouring. If you do not water the tomatoes in the open field on time, then they will be small, and even worse, they can completely fall off the ovaries. They can be irrigated not often, but the main thing is to do it correctly.
Doing drip irrigation of cabbage (Beijing, cauliflower, etc.), as well as a tomato, is required during the growing season. But not all the time in equal volume. The greatest watering activity occurs when planting seedlings and feeding, as well as during the ripening of this cultivated plant. In the future, watering should simply not allow the earth to dry out too much.

• When the seedlings are planted;
• A solution of raw milk with iodine will reliably "scare away" many garden pests. Such a product must be applied as a spray, after which the leaves are covered with a thin film of lactose and milk sugar. This repels insects and avoids the penetration of diseases. The recipe for iodine-milk solution: water (4 l), milk (1 l) and iodine (15 drops).

Watering a tomato from bottles is a type of drip irrigation, which is based on the use of ordinary plastic bottles and a little labor of your hands.

Repost so as not to lose

• Further, when the seedlings have become larger and stockier, they need to be watered a little more, but also not very often. If there is already a bright spring sun outside the window, and the house is warm enough, you can water it once every 3-4 days. Gradually, you will learn to see when your tomatoes need watering - an earthen lump of dry and slightly wilted leaves.
  This is one of the most controversial issues. Not everyone thinks about him simply because they can work on the site and in the greenhouse only in the evenings, while at work in the morning and afternoon.

The most worthy way looks like drip irrigation of a tomato in a greenhouse, and there are several reasons for this. This is the exclusion of physical labor and the preservation of the structure of the upper soil layer, and the absence of excess fumes, leading to high humidity.

Irrigation rules for tomatoes

Advice. You can easily determine if the plants have enough moisture: if the upper leaves begin to curl, urgent watering of the tomato in the greenhouse is necessary. But the cracks on the fruits indicate the opposite - the frequency or intensity of watering should be reduced.

Watering methods

Gardeners recommend insisting water for irrigation in containers, and then adding fertilizers to it in the form of manure or weeds. This will make the water much softer.
And when the tomatoes have developed and grown, the lack of moisture in them can lead to the fact that they crack.
It is necessary to water cabbage or tomato seedlings from the time of planting them in the ground until the very collection.

• When the head of cabbage is formed directly.

How to properly water cucumbers so that they do not turn yellow and bitter, see here

• How to organize watering of a tomato from bottles? The video shows in detail the manufacturing process of such a homemade irrigation system.Let's consider each of them in more detail.
  We will only talk about our experience in growing tomatoes and the conclusions made with various methods of watering. So, how to water tomatoes after planting.
• In warm and hot weather, it doesn't really matter when to do this, but if it's cool outside, it's best to water in the middle of the day. Let us explain why.
  And the watering itself occurs slowly and evenly, avoiding drying out and waterlogging.

It is very important to keep the humidity around 60%. If it is almost impossible to protect tomatoes from high humidity in damp weather in the open air, then in a greenhouse, it would seem, they are not afraid of the vagaries of nature.

On the record, an experienced gardener talks about the correct watering of tomatoes that are grown in the open field.

Irrigation frequency

Tomatoes do not need to be moistened frequently after planting.
The completion of the process must be done 3 weeks before harvest, this will prevent damage to the crop. This rule applies to all autumn species. Excessive moisture will make the subsequent storage of vegetables problematic. Summer types of cabbage and tomato are not so demanding for watering, it can be completed 14 days before harvest.

• In these cases, it is advisable to water the cabbage a couple of times daily. This condition is observed when growing cauliflower, Peking cabbage, white cabbage and other types of cabbage. This intensity should be maintained for several weeks.
• Watering the tomato properly is an important part of growing crops. Follow our recommendations and you will be assured of abundant yields of fragrant red fruits.

Watering the tomato with bottles

• The better to water tomatoes
  When planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, very careful watering is required for both prepared holes and planted tomatoes at the root. We pour a large watering can of water into one hole and after planting, we use another half of the watering can for each bush. Then we mulch the plantings with hay or straw, in general, with what is at hand in this case. And we leave the tomatoes alone, let them take root.

It is very important what kind of water to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse - it should be warm, about the same temperature as the soil. In the morning hours, it is most often cool.

• Advice. If you do not have the opportunity to equip a greenhouse with a drip system, the price of which is quite high, you can use its primitive analogue: dig in a cut-off plastic bottle without a lid near each plant and water through it. Water will flow evenly to the roots without wetting the ground.

What time of day is it better to water tomatoes

But here there is a risk of a greenhouse effect, when, after abundant irrigation, moisture actively evaporates, settling on fruits and leaves. Therefore, the instruction on how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse recommends doing regular ventilation.
Such a crop is the result of proper care and watering.
In the open field, you also do not need to pour water often. It will be correct to do this less often, but with an abundant amount of water. This is a basic rule to be followed immediately after planting. But if often and in small portions - this is not right, moreover, such watering can negatively affect the fruits.
Particularly intensive watering of cabbage is required during the period of setting heads

But do not forget that excessive irrigation in the open field often creates a strong waterlogging of the soil, as a result of which the vegetable will die.

Cabbage is the most popular agricultural vegetable. But in order to have a good harvest, you need to properly and competently monitor it. Watering this vegetable is also an important factor in good cultivation. As this will affect the taste of the crop.
Automatic irrigation system

Conclusion

For a small greenhouse, it is best suited

Now, after 10 days, water again and that's it, until the tomatoes are tied up, you don't need to water anymore. Hay and straw (grass cuttings, newspapers, etc. mulch) help the moisture to stay in the soil longer and it is enough for good growth of tomatoes. After setting the fruits, in the presence of mulch, it is enough to water the tomatoes once every 7-10 days.

Watering late at night and leaving the greenhouse closed to avoid hypothermia will increase the humidity in the air, which is harmful to tomatoes.

The neck of the bottle should be as close to the root system as possible

Based on these conditions, and should take care of the plants.

Many summer residents agree that growing tomatoes is a rather difficult business in our climatic conditions. This culture is sensitive to the slightest changes in the environment, responding to them with diseases, wilting, crushing of fruits.

If there is a strong heat in the daytime, it is better to water the tomatoes after it subsides, literally before sunset. Since at night the liquid is well absorbed by the root system of the plant.

How often to water tomatoes in the greenhouse

One of the main conditions for caring for cabbage or tomatoes is feeding them, it must occur along with watering.

Gentle irrigation is required for disease prevention. Plants are often treated with special compounds (decoctions of yeast, iodine, vinegar, toothpaste, ammonia, potassium permanganate, salt water or salt, etc.). In this case, it is necessary that the preparation for processing be on the surface of the vegetable for a certain time. For any type of cabbage (cauliflower, Peking cabbage, white cabbage, etc.) there are preparations for pests and diseases, but the rules for watering remain almost the same.

Watering is an important part of growing cabbage

- an excellent option for large polycarbonate greenhouses, in which tomatoes are usually grown on an "industrial" scale. The installation of such equipment can be entrusted to specialists or you can do it yourself, based on a previously drawn up plan for planting in a greenhouse. However, if you have a small greenhouse and grow tomatoes "for yourself", then it is better to choose a less expensive way of watering the tomato.

Manual watering

How to water tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse

But what about the advice of Galina Kizima, you ask, because she advises not to water all summer, but simply to cover up the planting with newspapers and wait for the harvest. - With this method of cultivation, tomatoes will grow, but there will not be those large and juicy fruits of 500-700 g, or even a kilogram or more. The strength of the plant is enough for quite edible and beautiful medium-sized tomatoes. And that's all.

In the photo - late blight of tomatoes, often affecting them due to high humidity

The main question - how often should tomatoes be watered in the greenhouse - we have already partially answered above.

How to water tomatoes outdoors

Experienced growers who have been growing tomatoes for a long time literally feel the state of their pets and know when they need to be watered, and when it is better not to do this, but they are not always unanimous in their opinion which type of irrigation is better and at what time of day to do it. Let's try to figure it out.

Watering a tomato through plastic bottles

It is much easier to create suitable conditions for them in protected ground, but even here certain rules must be strictly followed. In this article, we'll talk about how to water tomatoes in a greenhouse.

By the appearance of the plant, you can determine with the naked eye whether it has enough moisture. With a lack of it, the leaves will become darker and wilted. When the fruits begin to set, the amount of water during watering will need to be increased.

The first watering of various cruciferous plants (including tomatoes) occurs several weeks after planting.

Delicate Chinese cabbage requires watering twice a day.

Growing seedlings outdoors requires proper watering. Any summer resident is obliged to know what kind of water is used for watering cabbage. Because even while all the rules are followed, often poor-quality water will lead to negative results. Moreover, the quality of the water, regardless of which variety you have chosen for planting (colored, white cabbage, Beijing, etc.).

After planting, the seedlings need to be watered abundantly - up to five liters per plant. Then you can "forget" about watering for about a week. How do you know if tomatoes need moisture? Pay attention to the top layer of the soil. If the soil is dry, then it's time to water the seedlings - after all, the roots of young plants are too weak to absorb liquid at a depth. Tomato seedlings are usually watered once or twice a week.

Using a hose or watering can. Despite a certain "laboriousness" of the process, with the help of manual irrigation, each tomato bush will be provided with water in the required volume. However, it should be remembered that the water should not be too cold, so you need to take it settled in a barrel. When watering, direct the hose only to the roots to avoid sunburn.We get a good harvest of tomatoes when watering in the summer once a week. This is quite enough. I advise you not to leave the soil under the tomatoes open, it is better to mulch it to retain moisture.But the daytime watering takes place with sufficiently warmed water, and after it you can have time to ventilate the greenhouse before the onset of the evening coolness.

Let's repeat:Tomatoes do not like very much when water gets on their stems and leaves, so they are always watered only at the root. It is clear that there is nothing to do with a watering can and sprinklers in a tomato greenhouse.

The decision to grow tomatoes in protected from external influences is made depending on the climatic zone of the region and weather conditions, which can vary greatly from year to year. However, they are planted in greenhouses not only in northern latitudes or in the middle lane.

• No matter how much you watch a video about planting, growing and caring for tomatoes, it's easier than reading an article - nothing will happen. After planting tomatoes in open ground, the best way to water them is by drip.
• Top dressing involves the introduction of organic fertilizers into the soil when planting, they are added at 1.2-1.6 liters per one cabbage or tomato bush. Add fertilizers carefully and correctly, without letting them fall on the tops. Otherwise, burns will form on it.
• An important factor for the intensity of irrigation is the specific region. Thus, watering is done much more often than when cloudy. This way you can achieve good formation even in arid regions.
• Irrigation must be performed correctly not only during planting in open ground or after hilling in the fall, but also during its seedlings.

Watering tomatoes with bottles - a master class on video

When the bushes begin to bear fruit, the volume of water can be gradually increased. However, experienced gardeners do not recommend getting carried away, since high humidity in the greenhouse can provoke the development of late blight and other fungal diseases.

Drip irrigation

In principle, the difference is small, the interval between watering can be shorter by a day or two on especially hot days, since the temperature in such a greenhouse is, of course, higher than in glass and film.

Of course, all these problems can be solved: water, if necessary, can be heated, the greenhouse can be equipped with a fan heater, etc. And since there is often no need to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse, this procedure can be timed to coincide with weekends when you are constantly on the site.Very young plants need to grow. Their still shallow roots are not able to reach moisture at great depths, so they need to be watered as the topsoil dries out;

How often to water tomatoes in the greenhouse

What remains is a hose, a bucket with a ladle and drip irrigation of tomatoes in the greenhouse. Which is better?

In the south of the country, this culture suffers not so much from sudden frosts as from high humidity, leading to diseases.

Features of watering a tomato in the open field

This method is very easy to equip with your own hands. Plastic bottles make your life easier. When using this method, the yield increases. It also has a beneficial effect on the safety of fruits and plants from the disease of the top rot. It will be correct if you add literally two or three pinches of ash per ten liters of liquid to the water for irrigation. Also, for a good harvest, you can sprinkle ash around the plants.

The next feeding must take place during the beginning of intensive foliage growth. This feeding is carried out after 15-22 days after the first. Then a solution of manganese, saltpeter, yeast, phosphate can be used as fertilizer for cabbage or tomato. Watering with yeast is enough once a month, there will be a maximum of three dressings per season. For such feeding, the consumption is approximately 50-70 g per 1 sq. Organomineral feeding is also used. But the dose of nitrogen bait can be slightly reduced.

Watering is undesirable before collection. This can cause the cabbage to crack. To prevent this, irrigation must be completely completed 3 weeks before the collection of late cauliflower and Peking cabbage.

The better to water tomatoes - types of feeding

Watering is done with water at a clearly set temperature. This characteristic is important for any cruciferous plant.

Watering tomatoes with yeast: nutritious feeding

We rarely water tomatoes in the open field, but abundantly - about twice a week.How to water tomatoes in the heat? It is customary here to proceed from the climatic features of the area, since in different regions the heat occurs at different times. Seedlings that have just been planted in the beds need moist soil, so they should be watered more often. We adhere to the same regime during the setting of tomato fruits. And in between we water, as usual - twice a week.

A tomato is suitable for large greenhouses and, in comparison with the previous method, requires financial costs. True, the cost of purchasing special equipment will greatly simplify watering and save time.

Watering tomatoes with iodine and milk: a universal remedy

How to water it is up to you, the only condition: the water must be warm. Do not allow watering directly from a well or central water supply, only through a tank.

We hope that the above information, as well as the video in this article, have helped you better understand one of the main questions for growing tomatoes. In addition to watering, they also need other care, but you will learn more about this from other materials on the site.

During planting of seedlings in a greenhouse, tomatoes are watered very abundantly, pouring up to 5 liters of water on each plant. After that, you do not need to water for 7-10 days;

So:

... And in greenhouses there is an opportunity to regulate and control the microclimate with your own hands.

Irrigation water

If you find a hard crust on the surface of the earth, be sure to loosen it immediately. This often happens after heavy watering or after a rainstorm. And if there is mowed mulch on the ground near your plants, then it is not necessary to loosen the ground every time.

The last bait of cabbage or tomato is based on the need of crops for fertilizers. For example, yeast, when it is very weak.There are three ways to water. Any summer resident selects for himself such an option that is suitable for his personal plot. Watering methods for seedlings in open ground (of any kind - Beijing, colored, etc.) look like this:Remember that cold water causes poor root development. In addition, irrigation with cold water of any type of cabbage (white cabbage, Peking cabbage, cauliflower, etc.) provokes various diseases, especially when planted in the open field.

As in greenhouse conditions, tomatoes in the open field do not like "soul". So you need to water only the aisles of the plants, avoiding moisture on the leaves and stems. As for the water, it should be warmed up, ideally to the temperature of the soil. For example, if the earth has warmed up to + 24⁰, then the water temperature should be about the same.

Advantages of drip irrigation:

How often to water

The easiest way to install drip irrigation. We use the Aquadusya system. With this watering, water flows directly to the roots of each bush, and there is no need to rush around with a hose or watering cans. The excess area is not watered, water flows into the depths, as a result, the air in the greenhouse remains dry, and this is very important to avoid late blight.

To the question of how to water tomato seedlings in order to grow better, we answered you in this article. Now let's look at watering with plain water.

• Planting seedlings "in the mud"
• Hoseing plants can be difficult to dispense the amount of water. This method is also inconvenient because the hose has to be pulled far over large areas, risking damage to the fit;

What conditions need to be created for these capricious plants? How and how much to water tomatoes in the greenhouse to get a good harvest?

The stream of water during irrigation should be directed to the planting site, that is, under the root.

This feeding is done a few weeks after the second feeding. For the last groundbait, it is necessary to correctly use a solution of superphosphate, potassium and yeast in a ratio of 1: 3: 2.You can also use ash, then use the calculation taking into account 35 grams per bush.

Irrigation if necessary. The most economical way, it consists in the fact that it is necessary to water in the morning and evening in the holes near the cabbage. After feeding with vinegar, yeast or salt water, in this case, it is necessary to loosen. A lot of watering activity occurs at the time of intensive growth of leaves and the formation of the vegetable itself. Using this option for watering under each bush, you should pour about 12 liters of water;

That is, you should not irrigate this vegetable with water from an ordinary well. Cold water is allowed to warm up in a container. Hot water can also negatively affect yields. This applies to all varieties of cabbage (white cabbage, Peking cabbage, cauliflower, etc.). It is advisable to irrigate with water with a temperature of 17-24 degrees.

When to water tomatoes? Early morning or evening, before sunset. In hot weather, it is better to postpone watering, but in cloudy weather, the watering time does not matter. Indeed, in the absence of the sun, moisture cannot evaporate before it is absorbed into the soil. Watering should be alternated with loosening - tomato roots need air access.

Moisture penetration exactly to the roots

• In the case of planting in open ground with watering, everything is much easier. When planting seedlings in the ground, it is good enough to shed the holes and then the already planted bush under the root, spending on average a large watering can of water per bush. Further, if there is no abnormal heat and it rains at least once a week, then you can not water the tomatoes at all. If in the evening, after the heat has subsided or early in the morning, the leaves on the tomatoes are not sluggish and not twisted, then you are doing everything right, and your tomatoes have enough moisture.
• Most often they ask how often to water tomato seedlings and how to water tomatoes after planting in the ground.
• Before the formation of ovaries and fruits, tomatoes also do not need frequent watering. During this period, you yourself must decide how many times to water the tomatoes in the greenhouse, observing their condition.

The water pressure from the hose should be moderate

What time to water vegetables

So:

Never direct liquid onto leaves or fruits. If water droplets remain on the leaves, this will damage them. As a result, late blight spores may germinate.To get a good harvest, it is imperative that you follow the watering guidelines and tips. It is necessary to take into account the climatic region of the planting site of cultivated plants and the timeliness of irrigation, and the temperature of the water. Only in this way will you achieve good development of cabbage, ripening of a high-quality crop, as well as its long-term storage.

Taking into account the climatic region. Watering is done taking into account the age of the vegetable (seedlings, ripe cabbage). The amount of watering is determined by the amount of precipitation, the dryness of the region and hot days;

Lure

Cabbage is poorly tolerated by watering with both cold and hot water

The main purpose of tomato feeding is to saturate the plants with nutrients for good fruit yields. This can be either fertilizing the soil or foliar feeding. In addition, an important task for every gardener is the fight against crop diseases. For this, it is better to choose not chemical preparations, but proven "folk" remedies.Reduction of water consumption

1.5 or 2 liter plastic bottles are taken, the bottom is cut off, the cork is unscrewed and the bottle is buried with the neck down a little more than half next to the tomato bush. Watering is carried out in these bottles. The water goes directly to the roots of the plant, and there is not much moisture in the greenhouse, as when watering the entire surface of the soil. The air in the greenhouse must be dry, as excessive moisture helps to develop phytophthora.

First, about watering at the seedling stage. Tomatoes are a southern crop and not at all demanding for watering.That is, watering, of course, is needed, but it must be timely and infrequent. When the seedlings are very small, about 10 cm, it is enough to water them only once a week. And do not think to water more often, this can only be done if the soil in the cups is completely dry and at the same time the leaves of the tomatoes have begun to wilt a little.

Irrigation can be rare, 1-2 times a week, but very plentiful so that moisture penetrates to a depth of 15-20 cm;

You can water from a bucket of a known volume and accurately dose the moisture, but carrying full buckets with you is also not very pleasant.

Tomatoes are moisture-loving plants, but they also tolerate short dry periods quite well;

1. Soil preparation
2. Installing the system
3. Planting tomatoes
4. Advantages of drip irrigation of tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse
5. Humidification rules

Tomatoes were brought to Europe from South America, where there is no frost, it always rains warmly from time to time. In countries where this crop has been cultivated for a long time, there is no exhausting heat. The air does not heat up to 30 degrees, does not cool below 10. Before installing drip irrigation of tomatoes in a greenhouse, you need to find out what factors affect the growth and ripening of fruits. The flowers of the plant are pollinated by themselves, for this a breath of wind is enough, but good lighting contributes to the fact that ripe tomatoes will be large and sweet.

When watering, the stream of water should not touch the leaves and stems, but moisturize the roots abundantly. This should not be done every day, since it will begin to develop late blight, the fruits will turn black, and the tubers of the culture will deteriorate. In order to water the plant without provoking the onset of the disease, it is worth ordering the installation of drip irrigation for tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Soil preparation

To grow a crop in winter, you need to warm up the soil; for this, insulation is made of polyethylene. The depth of the layer should be at least half a meter and instead of earth, the bottom is covered with humus, and the soil is poured from above. The soil is loosened by placing worms in it.

A 50 cm path is left between the beds, on which tiles or boards are laid. On a plot a meter wide, 2 rows of vegetable crops are planted. Pipes are led into the greenhouse, which run at a depth of two tens of centimeters.

The second heating method involves the use of black polyethylene sleeves. Water is poured into it, the temperature of which rises significantly from the sun's rays.

Installing the system

Tomatoes die from late blight, which occurs due to an excess of moisture, grow poorly and tie on dry soil. Having installed drip irrigation in the greenhouse, you need to hope for a harvest of large and red vegetables. The arrangement process consists of the following stages:

1. Laying of hoses along the intended place for seedlings or seeds.
2. Connection to the water supply.
3. Adjustment of the jet height and the distance between the dropper holes.

Watch a video on how to do drip irrigation with your own hands.

Tall varieties of culture are located a meter apart, only the roots are watered, without affecting the leaves and stems of the plant. Before burying the system, make a test run. Seeds are placed in the wet pits and if the irrigation is functioning normally, the hoses are placed in the recess, sprinkled with soil. Water can come directly from the tap or be poured into a container, which is made from a container, box.

Planting tomatoes

Tomato seeds are treated in a solution of potassium permanganate or salt, sprayed with a special preparation containing beneficial microorganisms. Such actions can prevent plant diseases.

The seeds are lowered to a depth of 2 cm into the ground, lightly pressed down and sprinkled with earth. When the bush is low, the distance between the seedlings should be no more than half a meter.

Advantages of drip irrigation of tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse

The costs of arranging irrigation will pay off with a harvest of sweet and juicy tomatoes. Large shiny fruits will delight you with aroma and unique taste.With drip irrigation in the greenhouse, warm and soft water will flow from the barrel to the roots of the plant. This method of irrigation excludes the appearance of late blight, since it forms on wet leaves of the stems. With this method, the ground part remains dry, the roots of tomatoes are saturated with moisture.

The advantages of drip irrigation of tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse include:

• decrease in water consumption;
• the ability to program the irrigation time;
• no chemical treatment.

If you install an automatic device, the system will shut down on its own, and after a certain period will start up again.

Humidification rules

Some gardeners often do not know how many times a week it is better to include drip irrigation of tomatoes in a greenhouse. People begin to worry when they understand that something is wrong with the plant:

• leaves are covered with spots;
• the stem dries up;
• the root rots;
• no flowers, no ovary.

Read about how to properly water cyclamen.
And also how to water the Kalanchoe.

This phenomenon is observed if the culture is affected by late blight. This happens both with frequent moisture and a lack of irrigation.

The rate of drip irrigation of tomatoes in the greenhouse depends on the stage of their development:

1. Under the seedlings, the soil is only sprayed.
2. Before starting the dive, the ground is not irrigated for 2 days, after the process - three days.
3. Seedlings in pots are placed in moist soil.
4. There must be drainage in the seedling container.
5. For an adult plant in a greenhouse, two waterings per week are enough.

It is most useful to irrigate tomatoes using rainwater. It heats up in the sun, has less salts, and cold humidification often ends with the death of the bush.

Time for drip irrigation of tomatoes in the greenhouse must be found in the morning. The container in which rainwater is stored must be covered with a lid, as evaporation will lead to excess moisture. Because of this, the leaves will begin to curl and turn yellow, the ovary will begin to crumble. Summer residents grow different vegetables in greenhouses and outdoors. Cabbage needs a lot of water. Drip irrigation of cucumbers should be done much more often than tomatoes.

During the period of planting tomatoes, the bushes are irrigated every day, but so that the root does not rot, which often happens if water stagnation occurs. When the crop enters the active growth phase, the soil is moistened once a week. If fruits are tied, the plant is watered twice as often. When tomatoes are ripe, the roots are irrigated after 10 days.

Drip irrigation of flowers will not interfere with any of their species, it is most suitable for those that grow in large pots or tubs. The system is easy to construct with your own hands.

Share your tomato watering experience in the comments. And also watch a video about the automation of irrigation on the site.

Tomatoes
Biological features.

Tomatoes belong to the nightshade family. It is a rather thermophilic annual crop. Seeds begin to germinate at a temperature not lower than +10 - 15 ° C. At a soil temperature of +15 ° C, 14 - 22 days pass from sowing to germination, and at temperatures below +10 ° C, the seeds do not germinate. The most favorable temperature for plant growth and development is +22 -25 ° С during the day and +15 - 18 ° С at night. A decrease in temperature below + 15 ° C during this period leads to a delay in flowering, and at + 10 ° C, plant growth is delayed. The plant is characterized by increased requirements for light.
Compared to other vegetable crops, tomatoes are less demanding on moisture. They develop a powerful taproot system. With the seedling method of growing tomatoes at optimal soil moisture, the bulk of the roots is placed in a layer of 0-60 cm.When the seedling method of growing, the bulk of the roots is located in a layer of 0-30 cm, less often it reaches 50 cm. Tomatoes are the most demanding for moisture during the period of mass fruit formation.Lack of moisture during this period leads to shedding of flowers and ovaries, the growth and formation of fruits on the lateral shoots are delayed.
According to the duration of the growing season (from germination to reaching the first fruits), tomato varieties are divided into early ripening 100 - 105 days, mid-early 106 - 110, mid-ripening 111 - 115, mid-late 116 - 120 and late-ripening more than 120 days.
The distance between the ribbons is 1.8 m, between the rows is 0.6 m, between the plants in the line is 0.3 m (Fig. 6.1. A). The feeding area of ​​one plant is 0.27 m, the planting density is 37 thousand plants per hectare.
The distance between the ribbons is 1.4 m, between the rows is 0.5 m, between the plants in the line is 0.6 m (Fig. 6.1. B). The feeding area of ​​one plant is 0.42 m, the planting density is 23.8 thousand plants per hectare.
The advantage of growing tomatoes with a large distance between rows and belts is that the specific weight of the cultivated area by row cultivators increases, labor costs for weeding in rows are reduced, the cost of the irrigation network of the drip irrigation system is reduced due to the rarefied layout of irrigation pipelines (one pipeline for two lines), more favorable conditions for harvesting are created.
Crop care. All agronomic methods of care should provide the best conditions for the growth and development of plants. This is loosening the soil, mulching, irrigation, feeding (fertigation), protecting plants from weeds, diseases and pests.
The yield of tomato fruits largely depends on the timely implementation of inter-row loosening and weeding.
After planting the seedlings, the aisles are loosened for the first time with cultivators with lancet paws and razor paws to a depth of 6-8 cm.The second loosening is carried out 10-12 days after the first to a depth of 810 cm.
The first inter-row cultivation after the appearance of stairs begins with cultivators with razor paws to a depth of 4-5 cm, the second - 6-8 and the third 10-12 cm. When 4-5 leaves are formed on the plants, the density of crops is formed by mechanical thinning. For early-ripening varieties, the density should be 45-50 thousand plants per hectare, and for mid-ripening and late-ripening varieties, 50-60 thousand plants per hectare.
Tomatoes are sometimes grown in seedlings with mulch. For mulching, straw, peat, sawdust or other materials are used.

Recently, opaque plastic sheeting has been widely used. Mulching the soil with an opaque film in combination with drip irrigation allows you to save irrigation water, create favorable conditions for plant development, clear the field of weeds, and eliminate soil compaction, which significantly increases the yield of tomatoes.
Irrigation. In the south of Ukraine, it is advisable to grow tomatoes only with irrigation. Drip irrigation is the most advanced irrigation method. With this method of irrigation, the most uniform distribution of moisture for plants is achieved. Together with watering, it is possible to feed plants with mineral fertilizers with precise dose regulation. The drip irrigation system is installed before sowing or planting seedlings. The drip tube is placed along with seeding with a converted planter, or immediately after seeding by hand. This allows you to start watering immediately after sowing and get guaranteed shoots.
The provision of tomatoes with moisture in different phases of development and with different cultivation methods (seedling and non-seedling) is not the same. With seedless cultivation for the normal development of the root system of the vegetative mass, the optimal range of humidity during the period of germination and the beginning of fruit formation is 70 - 100% HB. During the period of mass fruit formation, soil moisture should not drop below 80 - 85% HB. In the last period, the pre-irrigation humidity should not be less than 70% HB.
For seedling tomatoes, after planting, the soil moisture should be at least 80% HB.After the seedlings have taken root, the soil moisture regime is maintained in the same way as in the non-seedling growing method.
During the growing season, the required amount of soil moisture also changes, that is, the width and depth of the wetted zone. The width of the wetting strip is determined by the seeding width and in the initial growing season should be at least 40 cm.With such a width, the depth of wetting on loamy soils is 20-25 cm.With the beginning of fruit formation, the amount of soil moisture with each watering should be gradually increased throughout the entire fruiting period. Humidification should be at least 60 cm at a depth of 40 cm. The area of ​​humidification in the first case is 2022%, in the second it increases to 35% of the total area of ​​the field.
Depending on the value of the pre-irrigation soil moisture, the width and depth of the wetting strip, the value of the irrigation rate changes. On loamy soils, during the period of survival of tomato seedlings - the beginning of fruit formation, when an irrigation pipeline is located with outlets every 30 cm and an over-irrigation of soil moisture not lower than 70% HB, the irrigation rate is 5060 m / ha. The duration of watering with this amount of watering rate is approximately three hours. At the beginning of fruit formation and during the period of fruiting, with a pre-irrigation soil moisture of 80-85% HB, a strip width of 60 cm and a depth of 40 cm with a single-strip seeding scheme, the value of the irrigation rate is 70-90 m / ha, respectively.

For watering with such a rate, it takes from 3.5 to 5 hours.
During the period of intensive water consumption, the irrigation period is no more than 3-4 days. With an increase in yield, in order to maintain optimal soil moisture, it is necessary to irrigate much less frequently, with a rate of 110130 m3 / ha.
Fertilizer. The calculation of the required amount of fertilizers is carried out according to the analysis of the available basic nutrients in the soil. To obtain 10 tons of tomato harvest, plants use 33.0 kg of nitrogen, 13.0 kg of phosphorus and 45.5 kg of potassium.
Organic fertilizers are not applied directly under the tomatoes. It is better to apply them under the predecessor, normally 30-40 t / ha. However, on poor soils, it is advisable to apply organic fertilizers under the plow in the form of rotted manure. At the beginning of the growing season, tomatoes provide primarily phosphorus and potassium. In this case, 3A volumes of phosphorus and / 4 potassium fertilizers are used as the main fertilization. Then it is reinforced with nitrogen, and before fruiting - with potassium.
It is more expedient to apply mineral fertilizers at the same time - for fall plowing. They can also be introduced under cultivation in spring in three stages: under early cultivation, when sowing in rows and feeding.
On the chernozem soils of the south of Ukraine, to obtain a high yield, K120P120K90 is applied (without the introduction of manure). If these fertilizers were not applied for autumn plowing or spring cultivation, then it is necessary to make the calculated amounts during the growing season by fertigation. The first time is fed 10-15 days after sowing (planting seedlings), the second - at the beginning of fruit formation in doses of K20P20K15.
The use of drip irrigation requires careful calculation of the introduction of readily soluble forms of mineral fertilizers. When programming fertigation, take into account the direction of use of the product: for fresh consumption or processing. Fertilizers are applied differentially for three periods of plant growth and development:
- From germination or planting of seedlings to the beginning of flowering of the first cluster;
- From the beginning of flowering to the beginning of ripening;
- From the beginning of ripening to the end of fruiting.
So, obtaining fruits for fresh consumption requires the introduction of nitrogen with the given periods: 1 - 2 kg / ha daily 2 - 3 and 3 - 2.5 kg / ha daily. According to phosphorus: 1 - 0.7, 2 - 0.8 3 - 0.6; potassium: 1 - 2, 2 - 3 3 - 5. To obtain fruits, nutrients are introduced for processing with periods of growth: nitrogen 1 - 1.5, 2 - 2.5 3 - 3; phosphorus 1 - 0.7, 2 - 0.8 3 - 0.6; potassium 1 - 0.9; 2 - 2.5 3 - 3 kg / ha daily.
With drip irrigation, readily soluble complex fertilizers Kristalon, Kemira, Terraflex are used. The composition of the listed fertilizers, in addition to macronutrients, includes the necessary set of trace elements (Fe, 7n, B, Mo, Cu, Mn in the form of EDTA and DTPA complexes) and magnesium.
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