Oak sage planting and care in the open field

A variety of perennial sage varieties are used in landscaping to create amazing compositions. Planting, caring for and propagating these plants is straightforward. However, there are some peculiarities of growing them outdoors.

Varieties and varieties

The Latin name of the plant "Salvia" in the Russian interpretation means "to be healthy." Photo culture is often the hallmark of pharmaceuticals. It is a perennial herb, a shrub. Stems are tetrahedral, erect, reaching a height of 1.2 m. Shoots are densely covered with wedge-shaped leaves 4 to 8 cm long and 1 to 3 cm wide. The shape of the inflorescence is a spikelet or panicle. Small bright flowers bloom in mid-July and bloom until late autumn.

Sage is not only a beautiful but also a very useful plant.

The most common types are:

Salvia officinalis (S.officinalis) is a plant reaching a height of 20-70 cm. The leaves are elongated, narrow (0.8-1.5 cm), densely pubescent, gray-green in color, the stem is covered with whitish villi. It is widely used in cooking, medicine and cosmetology. Varieties:

• Breeze is a semi-shrub up to 60 cm high with jagged leaves and blue-blue flowers;
• Aibolit is a tall plant (up to 120 cm), distinguished by wrinkled dark green foliage with a strong edge;

Salvia officinalis

• Nectar is a medium-sized bush, reaching 1 m in height. Leaves are light green, strongly pubescent. Spike-shaped inflorescences are strewn with purple or blue flowers;
• Semko Patriarshy is a low plant (50-70 cm) with long (up to 10 cm) leaves that densely cover the stalk stiff from below.

Forest sage (oak, wild - S. nemorosa) is a spice plant found on the edges of forests and on hillsides in the Mediterranean countries. The stem is herbaceous, the leaves are narrow, lanceolate. The flowers are collected in spike-shaped inflorescences of the violet or blue spectrum. Varieties:

• undersized - Plumosa, Blue and Pink Queen, Marcus - reach a height of 25 to 50 cm, bloom with pink, purple, blue and purple flowers;

Forest sage

• tall - Adrian, Caradonna, Mainacht, Ametist - peduncles reach a height of up to 90 cm, dense spike-shaped inflorescences convey a wide range of colors - from white-pink delicate shades to deep violet-blue.

Meadow sage (S.pratensis) and Clary sage (S.glutinosa) is a species of oak sage. Sh. Sticky deserves attention because of the unusual greenish-yellow color of the leaves. Interesting photos, where lush paniculate inflorescences of a pale yellow color create a delicate background for brighter flowers.

Meadow sage

Planting a plant

Different types of sage are ambiguous about equal conditions. Oak and meadow prefer sunny areas and moderate watering. These are drought-resistant plants for which waterlogging is dangerous. Clary sage naturally lives on the edges of the forest, so light shade and moist soil are of the highest priority for it.

Despite the differences, there are general requirements:

• Salvia grow more readily on light sandy loam soils;
• prefer humus-rich soil of normal acidity (pH = 6.5);
• require shelter for the winter;
• need spring pruning.

Sage is very thermophilic, so it needs to be covered well for the winter.

Since sage is a thermophilic plant, some perennial species are grown as one or two years in regions with harsh winters.

Important! Sage is a cross-pollinated plant, therefore, to preserve species characteristics, different varieties are planted at some distance.

Plant care

The plant is quite unpretentious - care consists in removing weeds and loosening the soil. For the winter, even the most frost-resistant species are covered with fallen leaves. In early spring, old shoots are cut, leaving about 10 cm from the root, the rosette is mulched with cut grass or peat. Watered very carefully, avoiding stagnant water. Often in the photo you can see such a landscape design technique as gravel mulching. This method is also acceptable for sage.

Mulch the soil, this will help the crop retain the necessary moisture

Fertilization and feeding

The correct development of sage is ensured by timely feeding:

• at the beginning of shoot formation, the plant perfectly accepts nitrogen fertilizers (for example, slurry in a ratio of 1: 10);
• during the period of bud formation - complex mineral fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus (at the rate of 15-20 g per m2).

To feed sage you need mineral fertilizers

Fertilize the soil before planting a plant by introducing organic fertilizers (0.5-1 kg) in the wells in combination with mineral fertilizers (3-5 g).

Important! When planting sage, only rotted manure is used.

Reproduction of sage

Propagated in three ways:

• vegetatively - lignified cuttings;
• seeds and seedlings;
• dividing the bush or layering.

To obtain seedlings, seeds are sown in prepared containers in February-March. The first shoots appear in 1.5-2 weeks, and in the third week after planting, the seedlings dive into peat pots. In warm areas, already in April, seeds can be planted directly into open ground or used for winter planting. For spring sowing, the seeds are pre-soaked in a growth stimulator; in the fall, only dry seeds are embedded in the soil. The distance between the grooves is 15-20 cm, the depth is 4 cm.

The easiest way to propagate sage is by cuttings.

Cuttings are carried out at any time. For this, semi-lignified shoots are cut into 15 cm long pieces and rooted in a vessel with water. New roots appear within 2 weeks.

The pivotal root system of sage has the ability to form well-developed adventitious processes, so in late summer or early autumn, the bush can be planted painlessly.

Diseases and pests of sage

Since sage belongs to the group of herbal medicinal plants, in itself it is an excellent insecticide, resistant to diseases and pests. With over-watering, there is a danger of mildew (mold) damage, so the soil around the plant should be slightly damp, but not waterlogged. Spraying with sulfur solution is a good remedy for mold. Pests rarely disturb the plant, but with thickened plantings, slugs, spider mites and thrips may appear.

Of the pests, sage is most often overcome by slugs.

Diseased plants are treated with tinctures of garlic, onion peels in combination with a solution of laundry soap.

Traditional methods of pest control

1. Finely chop two heads of garlic, pour in a liter of water and leave for 5-7 days in a dark place. Dilute in a 1: 1 ratio with water, add 3-5 g of laundry soap, and spray the plants.
2. For 100 g of onion husks steamed in 5 liters of water, take 10 g of soap, spray immediately after cooling.

Shrub sage: combination with other plants

Light airy spikelets of sage go well with large heads of noble flowers. The wide blue-violet palette creates a gorgeous backdrop for warm shades of reds, yellows and oranges.

Sage in a common flower bed

Examples:

• the combination of sage with chrysanthemums, roses, lilies is used in the design of classic gardens;
• bulbous - irises, daylilies, tulips, hyacinths in a company with sage will add charm to the alpine hills;
• for landscape design in a rustic style, varieties of oak sage in combination with cereals and herbs are irreplaceable.

Shrub sage in landscape design

One- or two-year-old hybrid varieties of sage, such as brilliant salvia or clary sage, are most often used in garden design. Nevertheless, perennials are often used to create mixborders, flower beds, flower beds.

A common use of perennial sage is to create a spice garden or aroma garden. A classic example of Salvia's neighbors on such an island:

• peppermint and apple;
• creeping thyme (thyme) and lemon;
• oregano and hyssop;

Sage in landscape design

• basil and rosemary;
• parsley and cucumber herb;
• chives and leeks.

Practical use of sage has earned him the fame of a garden healer. Essential oils and a varied composition of trace elements help in the treatment of lung diseases. In aromatherapy, sage is considered one of the most powerful sedatives. The plant is widely used in cooking as a spice. Growing perennial species in the garden guarantees health and good mood.

Sage cultivation and its benefits: video

Blooming sage: photo

Today, according to the database of a joint project of two world-famous organizations involved in the systematization and description of plants (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom and the Missouri Botanical Gardens, USA), called The plant list, 986 species of sage grow on the globe ...

Features of the genus

The Latin name for sage is Salvia. It is a perennial plant of the Lamiaceae family. In Russia, it is traditionally divided into salvia and sage. The former belong to ornamental plants that are cultivated in annual crops.

Salvia varieties (natural and hybrid) are sold by seed. They are sown for seedlings in February-March in planting boxes. Then there is a picking and planting of seedlings in individual containers. Disembarkation is carried out around the beginning of June, after the threat of return frosts has been removed. Salvia blooms (almost all varieties) from four months of age until the end of the summer season. Decorativeness is created in various shades of colors - from purple to scarlet.

Sage is grown as a perennial plant, well known both in Europe and in all other parts of the world. Since it is not difficult to grow sage, it is customary in the gardening of different climatic regions to cultivate their own species, tested by time, medicinal and culinary experience.

Sage: species and cultivation (briefly)

Most often, the plant is associated with medicinal use. Its main type is called medicinal sage (Sālvia officinālis).

Historical use is varied: tinctures are used as an antiseptic for diseases of the gums and teeth, in the form of douching - for female problems, aromatic oils - for respiratory diseases, decoctions - for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Modern pharmaceuticals use Sālvia officinālis as part of a variety of drugs. The cultivation of medicinal sage is within the power of any gardener, its decorative qualities help to decorate summer cottages.

Clary sage (Salvia sclarea) is ubiquitous, often growing as a weed. Its use is associated with a specific aroma of essential oil, reminiscent of the scent of orange and bergamot. The distillery and culinary industries use it to give products a nutmeg aroma.

Meadow sage (Salvia pratensis) grows on slopes, including stony ones, and is distributed throughout Europe. Its dried leaves are used in cooking as a seasoning for salads, soups, broths. Included in homemade marinade.

Desert sage (Salvia deserta) in Russia grows on the slopes of Altai. Among other wild species, it is of particular value as an outstanding melliferous plant.

Oak sage (Salvia nemorosa) - also Moldavian, it is also Yaylinsky sage. Growing in the country as an ornamental and melliferous plant is associated with some difficulties. The fact is that historically it is cultivated as thermophilic. Intolerance to winters with little snow and susceptibility to freezing are the distinctive qualities of oak sage. Planting and leaving in the open ground in the middle zone of the Russian Federation is not difficult. A shelter before winter is a rather difficult and laborious agrotechnical process for this species.

Sage: planting and care in the open field (general information)

The cultivation of a plant has features associated with the historical origin of each species. Growth area - almost all natural zones. Growing sage on personal plots is interesting from the point of view of obtaining an ornamental fragrant honey plant, which also has medicinal and culinary features.

The fruits of almost all sage varieties are triangular rounded nuts from 1.5 to 3 mm. Sold for gardeners from producers - seed nurseries. Growing sage from seeds is not difficult, even the most inexperienced gardener can handle this (the process technology can be read below). It is much more difficult to preserve this plant for the second and subsequent years in the conditions of little snow and rather severe winters of the middle zone of the Russian Federation.

All types of sage are undemanding to the mechanical composition of the soil: loams with introduced humus and lime are suitable for them. But heavy clay soils with poor water permeability are the reason for sage freezing and rotting in the summer wet period. For the spring planting of the plant, it is enough to prepare the growing area in advance by adding humus humus in the fall, before the sage planting season.

The rules for growing an adult bush dictate a fairly tough approach to the location and distances to other plants.A site for sage should be chosen so that the plant is close to the garden paths. Otherwise, its scent will be unavailable. At the same time, the plant requires shelter for the winter (albeit not the same as for a vine), therefore, it is inappropriate to place it near the house, where paths from snow will be cleared or icicles will melt.

Sage bushes with timely feeding and watering can grow up to a meter in height, their width for the second and subsequent years will increase from half a meter in diameter.

Getting seedlings

Since it is easiest to grow sage from seeds in the middle zone of the Russian Federation by seedling, therefore, the main efforts of the gardener should be focused on these works. It is advisable to start dealing with planting material in February-March. You can read about how to grow sage from seeds by direct planting in the ground below.

Seeds should be soaked in warm water for a day before planting. Then rinse the bag in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection. Seeds prepared in this way can be sown in a seed box, seeding them to a depth of no more than 1.5 mm. Close the box with glass or plastic, place in a warm place (20-25 degrees Celsius). Ventilate periodically, opening for 5-20 minutes, to additionally check for moisture and mold.

In two to three weeks, sprouts will appear. The glass must be removed, the box must be placed in a lighted room. Best of all - next to the radiator, under the windowsill. The temperature for sage should not be lower than 20 degrees Celsius - the plant is thermophilic.

Seedlings with a height of about 1.5-2 cm should be transplanted into cups (peat or paper pots), remembering that the root system of sage is powerful, so it is easy to damage it when planted in the ground if removed from plastic containers.

Planting seedlings in the ground

In early June, grown and hardened seedlings can be planted in the ground. Before that, already from the beginning of May, it can be taken out in the sun. The soil must be prepared in the fall, adding humus and mineral fertilizers to it: the earth should not be acidic. Add peat and sand if necessary.

Plants should be placed at least 25 cm apart. This scheme can be perceived as temporary. In the second year, sage can be transplanted individually along the paths.

Seedling care does not require any special tricks: weeding, watering, once a decade feeding with liquid fertilizers, three times a season with mineral fertilizers. The planted seedlings need to be watered with warm water, you can - warmed in the sun.

Planting in open ground with seeds

Sage cultivation in the country by sowing seeds in open ground should be started in the fall, in October-November. In this case, soil preparation is carried out in September, for digging it is necessary to lay humus, leaf litter, a little sand and peat. The soil should be loose, lumps should be minimal.

Put the seeds in the holes, sprinkle with river sand, a layer of dry humus and spill. Seed germination with this method, according to gardeners, will be no more than 50%. When planting in spring, the land is prepared in the fall; in the spring you need to loosen it, removing the roots of perennial weeds.

Seeds germinate at an average daily soil temperature of about twenty degrees. Such conditions are provided by the end of May, so you need to loosen the site with seeds planted before winter or spring, water and weed from weeds. You can wrap it up with non-woven fabric - this will serve as a good shelter from night frosts and keep the soil from drying out.

Rare (expensive) sage varieties should not be grown in this way, as well as heat-loving ones, which should be read in the instructions on the seed bag.

Care features

A plant of the first year can bloom under favorable conditions: early powerful seedlings, warm May without recurrent frosts. Although the main task of the gardener for this period is to grow a strong plant for subsequent growth and flowering.

Top dressing should not be excessive. It is enough to do it once every twenty days with liquid fertilizers: manure diluted 1:10, infused herbs of the same concentration, humate prepared according to the instructions. Top dressing with mineral (potassium-phosphorus) fertilizers is desirable in the fall.

Watering the plant is done as needed, it is better to do this in the evening. The soil under it should not be too wet, root rot is possible. In one place, sage grows well from five to six years, after this period the bushes can become huge (with good care) or, conversely, degenerate. The plant can reduce the number of root growth points. And in fact, and in another case, it is better to transplant it.

Preparing for winter and hibernation

Almost all types of sage do not tolerate prolonged frosts with little snow. To prepare the plant for wintering (in time this is the onset of stable cold weather with subzero night temperatures), you need to start with pruning: all shoots are cut to the height of the soil, under the stump. The plant is covered with mulch (dry humus). In this case, all root growth points must be closed. After stable frosts with a temperature of at least 5-6 degrees, sage should be covered with spruce branches or the remains of garden plants.

In winter, be sure to keep an eye on a good snow shelter; in winters with little snow, snow should be added. The shelter in the spring can be removed only after the return frosts are over, do it gradually, carefully monitoring the night temperatures. Delicate young shoots of sage, warmed up in the daytime sun, can freeze at night in sub-zero temperatures.

Breeding methods for sage

The plant you like can be propagated by dividing the bush, vegetatively and by cuttings.

The best time to divide the bush is spring. After the emergence of young shoots, you need to dig up the sage bush and carefully divide it.If you can't do it with your hands, you can take a sharpened shovel and quickly divide the bush into two (or more) parts. The division can also be carried out with disinfected pruners, cutting the root system into pieces.

For vegetative propagation at the beginning of summer, you need to carefully bend a strong shoot to the ground, pin it with a bracket, and sprinkle it with earth. Make sure that the ground covers the bracket. After two months, a developed root system will allow the separation of the new plant from the mother plant.

For grafting, you need to cut off a strong shoot with a blade or scalpel, leave four buds on it. On the upper ones, keep the leaves intact, the fourth goes into the soil. Root in a prepared light planting mixture of humus and perlite to a depth of 8-10 cm, placing the shoot obliquely. Shed. Create a mini-greenhouse by covering the container with the handle with a film. Moisten as needed, ventilate. After a month, the stalk will give good roots.

When planting the plant in the ground, it is not necessary to tighten it, since the sage should take root well by autumn.

Sage planting and care in the open field medicinal properties

Sage is a perennial, medicinal herb. There are many types of sage that are found in all corners of the planet. The most common species are cultivated in Russia and Ukraine.

Content

Sage species

Oak sage, also called forest sage. Flowering begins in the first month of summer and ends in September. It has violet-blue flowers. The stem can reach up to seventy centimeters in height. It is used as decoctions and tinctures, and they are used as a sedative, antiseptic, etc.

Meadow sage is a perennial plant. Its height is up to seventy centimeters. The stem is covered with soft hairs, and the top and its inflorescence are glandular - fibrous. It is a thermophilic plant used in medicine.

Sage medicinal for a long time, is in demand in folk medicine. Homeland of the Mediterranean. It is widely used in all areas of medicine.

Clary sage grows in height, up to one meter. Leaves with small hairs, purple inflorescences, large in size. The fruits are like small nuts.

Sage of fortunetellers or narcotic. A psychotropic hallucinogen is produced from its leaves. It is a perennial, sage root is woody. In nature, it reaches a height of up to two meters. The leaves are oval, reaching a diameter of 20 cm.

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Sage planting and care in the open field

The plant also represents decorative beauty and has a healing effect. Growing with proper care, he will delight you with lush inflorescences in the shape of an ear. In sage, planting and care in the open field has its own nuances of cultivation.

When growing sage in the country, it must be borne in mind that he prefers soil with a normal amount of acidity. The first step is to select an area with good lighting. To plant sage and care in the garden, it is necessary to prepare the soil, that is, fertilize it, in the fall, with humus or compost. In the spring, it is necessary to level the soil and treat it with a nitrogen composition.

The plant can grow without transplant for about seven years. When sage is planted with seeds, it has ideal seedlings. Sowing is done in early spring, preferably in a greenhouse. Sowing is possible in late autumn, until the moment it snows. You need to sow to a depth of up to a maximum of two centimeters. The plant must be planted at a distance of thirty centimeters from each other.

Approximately in the second year after planting, it needs to be cut off, leaving about ten centimeters from the ground. He survives drought well enough, but loves moisture, because from it, he becomes juicier. It must be fertilized in the spring before the beginning of its flowering, with a composition containing nitrogen. And in the autumn period, sage bushes are fertilized with either phosphorus or a composition with the addition of potassium.

Clary sage planting and care in the open field does not imply special soil, but prefers well-fertilized places. It is planted in the ground to a depth of three centimeters, pre-soaked and germinated seeds. Caring for all varieties of this plant is not difficult. Weed and loosen the soil in time.

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Sage medicinal properties

Sage has extensive medicinal properties, treating stomach diseases, viral diseases, liver and kidney diseases. Salvia officinalis helps treat bronchitis, throat infections, and back pain. Gynecological, skin diseases, removes asthma attacks. The plant material uses the top of the plant with flowers and leaves.

How is sage useful? Sage flowers and leaves contain up to 0.5% essential oil. Sage seed contains approximately 20% protein and 30% fatty oil.

Sage has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial properties, improves the functioning of the digestive system, increases the secretion of gastric secretions.

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Sage contraindications

• It is forbidden to use during the period of gestation and breastfeeding.
• It is forbidden to take orally for breast cancer, endometriosis.
• Those with hypertension should use caution as the herb raises blood pressure.
• With constant use of sage, you need to take a break for three months.

  When accumulated in the body, it causes serious poisoning.

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Sage medicinal use

Salvia officinalis has applications for various lung diseases. Effectively promotes the treatment of bladder, cystitis. Sage is in the composition of breast preparations, and facilitates coughing up and treatment of cough, bronchitis. Helps with intestinal flatulence, gives a good choleretic effect. Good appetite stimulant.

Externally used for frostbite, fungal diseases on the skin, purulent skin abscesses,

In cosmetic procedures, the decoction serves as a rinse for hair, improves shine and silkiness, and treats dandruff. Its essential oils soothe headaches and relieve stress (aromatherapy). Sage decoction baths are an excellent healing effect for oily skin.

Medicinal plants are valued for their properties. And when they can be grown without much effort at home or in your garden, then you can easily replace drugs with them.

Sage as a medicinal plant

Since ancient times, it was believed that this plant has not only magical, but also medicinal properties. Oak sage is also called forest sage. The flowering period of this plant falls in the first months of June and ends around September. Many people who were believed to have magical powers used this herb in the process of cleansing dwellings and houses, as well as for creating potions that evoke warm feelings of sympathy and love for the creator.

But today this plant is valued more for its medicinal properties. Due to its composition, oak sage has many beneficial properties. The leaves of this plant are used to create a variety of decoctions and infusions. They can be prepared for the winter. On average, their shelf life is about one and a half years. Such agents and preparations have anti-inflammatory, antitoxic, sedative properties, tone blood vessels and are good antiseptics.

Oak sage: photos and varieties

Among the sage, this species has the most varieties. The most famous are:

• Ostfriesland.
• Mainacht.
• Schwellenburg.

The first of the listed varieties has rather long and branched stems, as well as oblong leaves, slightly wrinkled and with a sharp top. This variety blooms with small corollas with purple and violet-blue flowers from the first months of summer until the first month of autumn.

Sage Mainacht also has violet-blue flowers like the previous variety. The stems are quite long, they can reach 0.6-0.7 m. The leaves also have a long oblong shape. The flowering period of this variety can take place several times a year. At the same time, it loves sunlight and tolerates cold seasons well.

Oak sage Schwellenburg stands out from the rest with its purple and red flowers. At the same time, the inflorescences are slightly different from other varieties, since they are larger in size. The flowering period lasts quite a long time - it can last up to two months, although it can be extended on your own if you cut off those flowers that are already dying off in time. Most often, this variety can be found in gardens as an ornamental plant.

The healing properties of the plant

This type of plant is mainly used in the same way as its more powerful counterpart, salvia officinalis. It has a fairly strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. The leaves of this plant help fight many ailments and are part of many medicinal preparations. But they also use fresh plucked leaves of this plant for topical use. In this case, it can help with various skin diseases, wounds, ulcers. It is also used as a condiment in cooking. Various tinctures, decoctions, ointments and oils are prepared from the dried leaves, which have a good strengthening effect, relieve inflammation, improve the digestion process and have an antidiabetic effect.

Growing a plant at home

This plant can be grown without much effort at home. It is unlikely that someone will have problems to grow oak sage at home. Photos of this plant are often found among amateur florists. In order to provide good conditions for him, you should:

• arrange good drainage in the pot (you can use perlite for this);
• watering should not be every day, but at the same time, abundant enough;
• good lighting should be at least 6-8 hours a day;
• you should not arrange a pot with a plant in drafts, because it does not like them;
• it is recommended to have a sage shower once a month.

We grow in the garden

In general, oak sage, planting and caring for it does not take much time and effort. Before planting the plant in fresh air in the garden, it should be prepared. The process of growing sage begins by soaking the seeds, after which they are planted in separate pots. Plants should live there for at least a couple of months. Moreover, before transplanting, sage pots should be taken out to the balcony more often in order to gradually prepare it for planting. The best periods for planting this plant outdoors are the last weeks of May and the first weeks of June.

To choose the right site, you should know what conditions are favorable and what oak sage loves. Descriptions of the conditions in which it grows in nature are the best helper. For example, since this plant is most often found in nature in mountainous areas, it will feel good on loamy soils. Swampy areas are not suitable for him at all.

The area where this plant is to "live" should be well lit, and the soil enriched with fertilizers: nitrogen, which is usually used in spring, and phosphorus-potassium.

Oak sage: care

Caring for such a plant consists of a few simple rules. First, it should be watered on time. At the same time, watering should not be too strong, the soil around should not be completely damp, but moist. The best time to water is in the morning or evening. If watered at lunchtime, the midday sun can burn the leaves, which will adversely affect the condition of the entire plant.

The second important rule is the timely loosening of the soil.Every 1.5-2 months, shoots should be pruned, but this procedure should not be done during the flowering of the plant. It is better to collect a plant for harvesting it as a medicinal raw material immediately after the beginning of flowering.