Planting and caring for dahlias in the open field in spring

Due to the incomparable flowers of the most beautiful color and variety of forms, the genus of dahlia deserves a noticeable place in any garden. Few of the florists do not admire the splendor of this plant. The history of the appearance of the dahlia is connected with the legend that the dahlia appeared on the site of the last fire that died out with the onset of the ice age. And the first to sprout after the arrival of warmth, marking the victory of life over death, and warmth over cold.

Intensive selection work has led to the creation of a huge number of varieties - now their number is in the tens of thousands. This flower has two official names - Dahlia (most common in England) and Dahlia.

The Aztecs worshiped this plant, considering it the embodiment of the sun, the warriors depicted it on their shields and clothes, worn it as an amulet, believing that it gives them strength and courage. The natives used the tubers for food, and the hollow stems were used in the construction of the aqueduct. Dahlia is considered a symbol of all-conquering life, fortitude, freedom, inaccessibility, pride. The Japanese consider it a symbol of greatness. Dahlia is the national flower of Mexico.

Dahlias in the garden photo Application in landscape design

The dahlias we admire today were obtained by crossing the Mexican species Dahlia coccinnta and Dahlia variabilis. These are herbaceous perennial plants, the roots of which have powerful tuberous thickenings with a supply of nutrients. Stems are hollow, branching with pinnately separated, opposite, green-blue leaves on elongated petioles. Flowers are collected in inflorescences-baskets, blooming from summer to the first light frost. Reed flowers are flat, spatulate, ribbon-shaped, rolled into a tube, different in color; tubular - yellow or orange.

Depending on the size of the inflorescence, dahlias are divided into giant (more than 25 cm in diameter), large (up to 25), medium (20-25), small (10-15) and miniature - up to 10 cm.

Growing dahlias from seeds

How to plant dahlias Dahlia seeds photo

Sowing directly into the ground

Considering that these plants are very thermophilic and do not tolerate even short-term light frosts, they can be sown into the ground only after the 20th of May, in order to be sure that the night frost will not destroy the seedlings.

However, there is a significant drawback: flowering in this case can be seen not earlier than August.

Therefore, many gardeners still arrange a mini-greenhouse or greenhouse for these flowers and sow already in the twenties of March. You can use old window frames or stretch the film over the arcs.

• The prepared bed should stand for a couple of days after digging for the earth to settle.
• The furrows are filled shallow, a distance of 60 cm.
• We sow less often in a row, the plants need space, dense shoots then break through or transplant, leaving a distance between the bushes of at least 60 cm.
• After sowing, the soil is leveled with a rake, filling the furrows.
• We water it well, you can sprinkle the bed with rotted humus in a thin layer to prevent the formation of an earthen crust.

Watering is often unnecessary, natural moisture should be enough for several days. But if the weather is hot, make sure that the ground does not dry out.

Growing dahlias for seedlings at home

Dahlias from seeds How to plant dahlias for seedlings photo

When planting dahlia seeds immediately on the garden bed, flowering will not occur until mid-August. When planting seeds at home for seedlings, an earlier start of flowering is achieved. Growing in this way usually does not cause any trouble for flower growers. The only point that should be taken into account is that dahlia seedlings cannot stand even weak frosts.

Seeds are convenient for growing undersized dahlias for decorating borders, ridges. Plants grown from seeds form a small tuber by autumn. Therefore, you can save your favorite specimen and plant it next season to admire it next summer. Dahlia seeds ripen well - they can be harvested and saved for planting next year.

Annual dahlias are sown for seedlings in April, but if you want to get perennial nodules, you need to sow in early March.

• Prepare containers for drainage. If using food packaging, be sure to make holes in the bottom.
• Fill containers with nutritious, organic-rich, loose soil. Remember, simple garden soil will have a bad effect on the health of the seedlings: during the care it tends to become very compacted. Therefore, it is better to buy a special mixture for flowers. Well, or not be lazy, adding rotted organic matter, peat and sand in equal proportions to the garden soil.
• Sowing is done shallow, 1-1.5 cm. It is advisable to sow less often, leaving a distance of 2-3 cm between seeds.
• When little dahlias release 2-3 true leaves, they are carefully dived into separate cups. You can use a fork, teaspoon, or any other tool you like. The main thing is not to damage the delicate roots and transfer them with a lump of earth.
• Then just water and provide sufficient lighting.
• When the weather is warm, we arrange for the seedlings to walk outside: we teach them to the wind and the sun. We gradually increase the time and by the end of the second week of hardening, our seedlings should be outside for a full day. These hardened seedlings will not hurt after planting and will quickly take over.

When to plant dahlias outdoors

At the end of May, when there is no longer a threat of night frosts, seedlings and tubers are planted in a flower bed... In some regions even earlier, it all depends on the weather. Dahlias bloom 60-90 days after they ascend, depending on the variety.

Planting seedlings of dahlias in the spring in the ground

Planting dahlia seedlings in the ground - a joyful stage for the gardener. Finally, the flowers will go to the flower bed. Here I would like to give some advice:

• Try to avoid strict rows, the landing will look unnatural, too prim. It is better to combine dahlias with garden balsam, rudbeckia bushes, buzulnik or asteriscus, imitating the natural chaos.
• Give more space for each bush, the distance to other plants is at least 60 cm.
• The wells are prepared in advance, they are made wider and deeper than the seedling cups, it is advisable to pour a little humus on the bottom.
• Seedlings are planted, carefully removing a clod of earth so that the earth does not crumble from the roots.
• Placed vertically in the hole, trying to maintain the existing level of the root collar.
• Sprinkle with earth, moisturize abundantly.
• It is advisable to mulch the root space with any available material: fresh grass, sawdust, pine needles.

Planting dahlias tubers in spring

Before planting, dahlia tubers should be prepared: wash from the ground and soak in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate for about half an hour. Then the tubers are laid out in boxes with sawdust treated with boiling water and germinated at room temperature until sprouts appear.

For more information on the preparation of tubers, see the video:

After the tubers have sprouted, they should be divided before planting to allow the bushes to develop fully in the new season.

How to divide tubers before planting, look at the video:

After the tubers are ready for planting, we begin the process itself. Prepare deep holes, approximately 30 cm deep and 40 cm in diameter. Pour humus on the bottom, mix with garden soil. Lay out one cut of tubers in each hole, cover with earth, the distance from the tuber to the surface of the earth is about 5-8 cm.

For details on planting dahlias with tubers in spring, we look at the video:

Reproduction of dahlias by dividing tubers

• Tubers are prepared for planting in advance. First, they are placed in wet sawdust or peat.
• After the sprouts appear, they are carefully divided with a sharp knife into several parts, so that each one has sprouts.
• Sections are dried and sprinkled with ash or activated carbon. After that, they are again placed in sawdust for rooting.
• As soon as the weather is warm without frost, they are planted in pre-prepared holes.
• Add 1/3 of a bucket of humus or compost to each hole.
• The rag is placed in the hole so that the sprouts are at the surface of the soil.
• They are well spilled and covered with compost.
• The root collar should be at ground level.

Propagation of dahlias by cuttings

Reproduction of dahlias by cuttings photo how to plant

• At the end of February, the roots of the dahlia are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and placed in boxes, half covered with a light nutritious substrate, moderately watered.
• Cuttings are taken in 3-4 weeks.
• They are treated with root roots and planted in individual cups.
• To speed up rooting, you can cover the plantings with plastic.
• Rooting takes place within two weeks.
• In early June, they are planted in groups or rows at a distance of 60 cm.

Growing conditions

How to plant dahlias tubers Planting dahlias in spring How to plant dahlias photos and videos

• Dahlias prefer sunny areas. They grow excellently in partial shade, but are much higher than plants planted in the sun.
• Deep shade is detrimental to development and flowering.
• They love rather moist soil - for this, the land under the plantings should be mulched with half-rotted sawdust or mowed grass. This will prevent moisture from evaporating and eliminate weeding.
• Top dressing is done in cases where organic components were not introduced into the soil during planting.
• Use a liquid compound fertilizer every two weeks.
• A support must be placed under tall varieties - this will protect against stem breakage during bad weather and strong winds.

No more than 3 shoots should be left on each bush.... To obtain larger flowers on the central peduncles, all lateral shoots should be cut off. It is imperative to remove faded buds to enable the young to develop. The fewer the buds, the larger the flowers.

After the first frost has damaged the bushes, they should be dug up... Cut the stem at a height of 15-20 cm from the ground and carefully dig out the root, trying not to damage it at the same time. Very often, liquid accumulates inside the hollow stem and this causes the plant to rot during storage. Therefore, the tuber is turned over with the stem down, allowing the liquid to flow out. After that, you can dry the tubers outdoors during the day, weather permitting. They are then transferred to a dry cellar for storage.

Diseases and pests

Dahlias are quite stable, but waterlogging of the soil should be avoided, which contributes to the development of diseases and the attack of slugs. Against aphids and mites, irrigate your plants periodically with tar water. When infected with a viral mosaic, light spots appear on the leaf plates, yellowing along the veins. Such plants should be discarded. If uncharacteristic growths are found on the tubers, which indicates bacterial cancer, the infected tubers are destroyed.

Types of dahlias with photos and descriptions

How to plant dahlias in spring Dahlia tree Dahlia arborea photo

Dahlia tree Dahlia arborea - a species with a powerful woody stem reaching a height of 2 m. It has simple lilac baskets.

Dahlias perennial planting and care of Dahlia Dahlia coccinea photo

Dahlia coccinea - the leaves of this species are pinnate with pointed lobes. The baskets are simple and small.
The species Dahlia juarezii has a stem about 1 m high with deeply indented dark malachite leaves and multi-colored inflorescences. from it cactus dahlias originated.

Dahlias annual planting and care Dahlia changeable Dahlia variabilis photo

Dahlia changeable Dahlia variabilis - has simple baskets with red ligulate and yellow tubular flowers.
All these species, originally from Mexico, laid the foundation for a variety of varieties that are so beloved by our flower growers. They absolutely do not tolerate even the lightest frost and in our strip are grown as annual plants. But dahlia tubers overwinter well in dry, cool rooms like potato tubers. To do this, they are dug up and re-planted in the spring.

There is a division of dahlias according to the shape of the inflorescence.

Anemone... Medium-sized group with semi-double inflorescences that look like anemones.

Collar... The tubular petals of this plant are shorter than those of other species. The middle of the inflorescence is made up of small tubular petals with a collar of one row of large flat petals of a contrasting color.

Peony... Outwardly they are similar to peonies. The most extensive and colorful species.

Lotus-shaped or nymphaean... All varieties of this species are terry and the largest.

Decorative... The most common variety, including the largest number of varieties.

Spherical and pompous... They are similar to each other and differ in the size of the inflorescence. Both have double flowers that resemble a ball, consisting of many petals. Pompom-shaped, the diameter of which does not exceed 5 cm. Spherical - 8-15 cm. Both species are tall.

Cactus... The most original variety, their inflorescences consist of long narrow, folded petals, sometimes dissected at the ends.

Application

Planting dahlias with tubers When to plant dahlias Dahlias after winter photo and video

The medicinal properties of dahlias make it possible to classify them as medicinal plants. Decoctions of these flowers normalize metabolic processes, are useful for the cardiovascular system. Tincture of rhizomes is used as a prophylactic agent against diabetes mellitus. Fresh leaves are applied to the skin to treat acne.Rhizomes are used in crushed form as a mask for aging facial skin. Powder from the tubers is rubbed into the base of the hair follicles to strengthen the hair.

When to plant dahlias in the ground in spring Dahlias photo of flowers in the garden

Low-growing varieties are used for borders, flowerpots, balcony boxes. Most varieties are used in free compositions or group plantings. And especially spectacular, profusely flowering - in single plantings. Cultivars with long, strong peduncles are used for cutting and stand well in water for more than a week.

Growing dahlia planting and care in the open field Photo in the garden

Dahlias have always been loved by our flower growers. Some of them collect entire collections - their flower beds attract attention with an abundance of blooming dahlias. The abundance of planting material on store shelves, sufficient unpretentiousness, lush blooming put dahlia among the most popular plants in our plots.

Dahlias tubers in spring When to plant dahlias Planting and care photo and video

In the second half of summer, handsome dahlias begin to bloom in the gardens and planting and caring for them in the open field have their own characteristics. At the moment, a lot of varieties of this culture have been bred with inflorescences of various colors, types and sizes, their photos and main characteristics can be found on specialized resources on the Internet. This varietal variety allows them to be used as flower beds, when decorating borders, and also as a pot culture.

Description

Dahlias or Dahlia are perennial tuberous plants that do not winter outdoors. The height of the stems, depending on the variety, can range from 20 cm to two meters. The aboveground part of these plants dies off annually, and the tubers are preserved. They accumulate nutrients that allow the plant to survive the winter and give life to a new bush in the spring.

Dahlia stems are hollow on the inside and are quite fragile because of this. Their lower part usually becomes woody by the end of summer. The color of the leaves can vary from pale to dark green. Flowers are collected in inflorescences-baskets, their size can be from 5 to 50 cm.The following types of inflorescences are distinguished by the shape of dahlias:

• decorative;
• simple;
• anemone;
• pompom;
• spherical;
• cactus;
• peony;
• collar.

Currently, varieties have been bred that occupy an intermediate position, since they combine the characteristics of different groups.

Site selection and preparation

In order for perennial dahlias to please you with abundant flowering, it is important to choose the right place for growing them. Since this culture is quite thermophilic, the growing area should also be sunny and protected from northern winds.

Dahlias are undemanding to soils, but they develop best on fertile soils with a neutral reaction. But good drainage is also required. With stagnant moisture in dahlias, tubers rot.

Loamy and heavy soils for planting begin to prepare in advance. For this, they are dug up by adding sand or peat. Immediately before disembarking, humus is introduced into each pit.

Advice! To reduce the acidity of the soil, ash or lime must be added to the ground. This is best done in the fall.

Planting dahlias in open ground

Planting dahlias with tubers in spring begins in early May. By this time, the ground is already warming up enough and the plants after planting immediately start to grow. During this time, it is important to ensure that the dahlias are not frozen. Even a slight frost can destroy sensitive sprouts.

The tubers are planted in planting pits, the depth of which should be at least 1 bayonet of a shovel. But the bottom of the hole is added about half a bucket of humus and a complex mineral fertilizer. For example, you can use a nitroammophos. For one hole, it will be enough to apply about 50 grams of fertilizer.Then humus and fertilizer are mixed with a part of the excavated soil with a shovel.

After the pits are prepared, you can start planting work. A tuber with a sprout is planted so that the root collar is deepened by at least 5 cm. After that, the remaining soil is poured around it so that a shallow hole is formed. If the soil at the time of planting was sufficiently moist, then there is no need to water the wells.

Some growers also practice planting with grown dahlias. For this, tubers are pre-planted in greenhouses in April. Before planting in open ground, such plants must be hardened. For this, the greenhouse first begins to open for several hours a day, and then this time is gradually increased.

Attention! If the planting was carried out with pre-grown tubers, then for the first time they must be covered from the direct sun and watered well.

Dahlia care

Planting dahlia tubers is not an unimportant stage in development, but proper care in the open field is no less important event. After planting, it should consist in timely watering, loosening the soil, weeding and feeding. Do not forget about the formation and timely garter.

Watering

Dahlia bushes need to be watered abundantly; in the heat, their frequency should be increased to 2 times a week. Be sure to keep the soil from drying out. If the plants during the period of bud formation are deficient in moisture, then the inflorescences will be small or ugly. To make it easier to maintain soil moisture, the surface of the earth under the bushes can be mulched with humus or peat.

Loosening

After each watering or rain, the soil surface under the bushes must be loosened to prevent the formation of a soil crust. If this is not done, the root system begins to experience a lack of oxygen, which in turn negatively affects the development of the entire plant.

Attention! After watering and loosening, make sure that the tubers are not exposed. If this nevertheless happened to the base of the bush, you need to add earth, that is, how to huddle it.

Top dressing

Flowers such as dahlias, although they are considered unpretentious, but the correct planting is only half the battle, they also need timely care. Correctly applied top dressing plays a very important role in this.

The first feeding is carried out at the beginning of June. At this time, the plants are given fertilizers of the nitrogen group so that they can develop strong and powerful bushes. For these purposes, you can use urea or ammonium nitrate. In the absence of mineral fertilizers, mullein or bird droppings will do.

The second feeding is carried out in late June or early July. At this time, dahlias are fed with complex fertilizer, so they begin to prepare for the laying of buds. For these purposes, you can take, for example, a nitroammophoska.

The third feeding is carried out in the bud formation phase. At this point, it is very important to provide plants with a sufficient amount of phosphorus and potassium, which play a decisive role in the formation of future flowers. If there is a lack of these elements, abundant flowering can not be expected.

At the end of August, they begin to prepare tubers for wintering. Top dressing at this time is carried out with nitroammophos and superphosphate.

Attention! The last dressing is very important, since it is it that allows the plants to grow large tubers suitable for winter storage.

Shaping and garter

During the summer, dahlias form stepchildren in the leaf axils. So that they do not weaken the main shoot, it is recommended to periodically remove them. If this is not done, then the flower, to the detriment of flowering, forms too much leaf mass. Small-flowered varieties of dahlias should not be pinned: pompom, collar, anemone, etc.

After four leaves are formed on the central shoots, they must be pinched.As a result of this, lateral shoots begin to grow, which are pinched over the second pair of leaves. This method allows the plants to form lush bushes. You should be aware that more than three central shoots should not be left on one plant.

Advice! On the bushes, the lower layer of leaves should also be removed. This improves ventilation and prevents outbreaks of fungal diseases.

To get large flowers, you need to pluck out almost all the side buds. If this is not done, then there will be more colors, but they will be smaller. The first buds should also be plucked out, if they are left, then the further development of the bush begins to be delayed.

Tall varieties need a garter of peduncles. Their fragile stems are not able to withstand the wind and therefore break easily. To do this, a colo is driven in next to each bush, the height of which should correspond to the height of the peduncles. For the garter, it is advisable to use a soft material that will not cut into the stems.

Reproduction

There are two main ways to propagate your favorite varieties of perennial dahlias.

Dividing tubers

The most common and easiest way to produce well-developed flowering plants in the first year of growing. The division of the tubers is carried out after the sprouts have hatched on them. To do this, large specimens are carefully separated by hand or with a sharp knife according to the number of sprouts. After that, the places of the cuts must be sprinkled with charcoal powder and dried a little.

Cuttings

This method is less common, it is mainly used only by experienced florists, since it requires certain skills. To propagate dahlias by cuttings, you need to get the tubers out of storage at the end of January and plant them for germination.
After the sprouts reach a height of 9-10 cm, you can start grafting. To do this, they are cut off, and then planted in any loose substrate. The optimum rooting temperature is + 22 ° C.

If everything was done correctly, the first roots will appear on the cuttings in 2-3 weeks. After they are completely rooted, they are seated in separate containers. Young plants are planted in open ground in early May, they need to be looked after in the same way as for specimens obtained as a result of dividing tubers.

Pests and diseases

The most common crop disease is leaf mosaic. Affected leaves turn yellow and become ugly. There are no remedies for the treatment of this disease, so they just need to be removed from the site and destroyed.

Gray rot is quite common on dahlias. It occurs with high humidity in too thick plantings. This disease affects all parts of the plant without exception. Eliminate the problem with systemic fungicides.

The most common pests on dahlias are aphids, slugs, whiteflies and thrips.

Aphid. Usually its colonies are very visible. She feeds on plant juices, sucking them out of leaves and stems. Aphids are usually destroyed with systemic insecticides.

Slugs. Succulent leaves are essentially gnawed and young shoots are destroyed. They come out mainly at night. To combat them, traps are arranged by laying pieces of boards or cardboard on the ground. Slugs willingly hide under them, and then they are simply collected and destroyed. You can use a special preparation "Thunder", which is scattered over the soil surface.

Whitefly. An inconspicuous and rather dangerous pest that sucks the sap of the plant. As a result, whole areas of dead tissue are formed on the leaves. They fight it with special insecticides. For example, you can use "Aktara", "Spark", "Commander" and the like.

Thrips. Dahlia leaves and stems are often affected. The leaves and flowers damaged by it dry up. To combat it, systemic insecticides are used.

Even a beginner grower can cope with the cultivation of this crop, because planting and caring for perennial dahlias is not difficult at all. They grow and bloom beautifully even with minimal attention.

Video about planting and growing perennial dahlias in the open field

One of the most beautiful flowers widely used in the design of flower beds and flower beds are dahlias. These vibrant flowers are eye-catching for almost half the summer and the warm fall. In addition, dahlias are unpretentious to weather conditions and are not capricious in their care. For successful growth and flowering, they need good soil, a lot of light, timely watering, top dressing, pinching and pruning.

We will tell you how to prepare for planting dahlias in the spring and how to properly plant them with tubers.

Preparing tubers for planting

Dahlia care begins with the preparation of the tubers. During the winter, the tubers are stored in a dry cellar, and at the end of March they are taken out to a room with a constant temperature of + 18 + 20 ° C. Tubers are sorted for damage, rot, dried parts. Damaged places are cut with a knife, the cuts are disinfected with brilliant green.

Sprouting tubers

The next step is to place the flower tubers in a nutrient medium box.

• The substrate is prepared from sawdust, sand, peat. You can use ready-made land for planting dahlias, sold in specialized stores.
• Before being placed in the ground, the tubers are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
• It is not necessary to completely bury the root crops in the ground, they should look out of the soil by 2-3 cm. In this position, the tubers are left for two weeks, maintaining stable lighting and temperature conditions.

Dividing tubers

After two weeks, the eyes on the tubers begin to sprout. You need to wait until they grow up, and then divide the root crop into parts. When cutting, a sharp knife treated with potassium permanganate is used to avoid fungal infections. Tubers are cut into as many pieces as buds are formed. Usually one tuber is divided into 3-5 parts. After that, the cut parts are again placed in a container with soil and removed to a dark place. Plants are watered as needed, avoiding drying out. After they are taken, they are planted in open ground.

It is important to pay attention to the appearance of the dahlia tubers. Short sprouts and healthy, fleshy roots that are firm to the touch are ideal tubers for planting.

Preparing the landing site

A well-chosen place for planting flowers is the key to their good growth and flowering. When choosing a place where it is planned to plant dahlias in the spring, it should be borne in mind that flowers need:

• A lot of light;
• Good ventilation;
• Loose nutrient soil with an average level of acidity - you can neutralize acidity by adding slaked lime to the ground at the rate of 1 kg / sq. meter;
• Moderate humidity.

You need to prepare the soil in the fall: fertilize it with humus, compost and wood ash. You need to plant dahlias in a new place. Soil, where flowers or vegetables that are susceptible to fungal diseases used to grow, is undesirable.

Planting dahlias in open ground

The disembarkation process itself must be carried out subject to the following conditions:

1. Hole preparation... The optimal size of the holes for planting tubers: depth 10 cm, diameter 20-30 cm. The deeper the tuber is planted, the better it will withstand autumn frosts. The distance between the holes should be between 30 and 80 cm. Drainage is required at the bottom of the holes.
2. One hole no more than two tubers are planted. This provides lush, abundantly flowering shrubs.
3. Dahlias are recommended to be planted in springin stable warm weather, into the ground heated to 10 ° C.
4. Tubers are placed horizontally into the hole, thanks to this, the root system will develop fully.
5. After landing dahlias, minimal care is carried out for them: periodic watering and weeding of weeds.

Each time after watering, the soil is loosened with a rake - to ensure normal breathing for the roots. As it grows, the lower weak branches are removed. Top dressing is applied only after the beginning of flowering. Otherwise, all the nutrients are used up to form lush green branches.

Compliance with these simple rules when planting dahlias will allow you to admire the wildly flowering variegated plants during the season.

The family of Asteraceae and Compositae, which includes dahlias, is unusually beautiful. To decorate your garden with various long-blooming palettes of these flowers, you need to know when to plant dahlias outdoors in spring. This is one of the few plants that attracts the eye with its wonderful flowering until the very cold.

They should be planted after warming up the soil, and if the night frosts have receded. Therefore, each grower must be guided by the climatic and weather conditions of a particular region. Tubers are taken out of the room where they were stored, a month before planting. In the northern regions, they are planted in the last days of May, in the southern ones - from the last days of April to the end of the first decade of May.

  

The content of the article 

1.Preparation, distillation of perennial dahlias

2.Choosing a place and preparing the ground

3.Selection of the terrain and preparation of the soil

4. Technology of disembarkation

5) proper care

6. Fertilization

7.Root zone treatment and garter

8 annual outdoor dahlias

9.Proper care, fertilization

Training,forcing perennial dahlias 

Since perennial dahlias are stored in a relatively cold environment (up to plus five degrees), they should not be immediately brought into room conditions. For three days, the seed is kept at ten degrees of heat, then it is worth observing the basic rules for preparing the plant for forcing:

• Tubers, when examined closely, should have a dense structure and be firm. Coloring can range from brown to sandy

• Places where mold has appeared or a musty odor is present should be treated with a light manganese solution for fifteen minutes. Then they are dried in a room where there is ventilation and heat, but not higher than twenty degrees. The roots are laid out on paper that absorbs moisture well

• Any containers for distillation can be taken - plastic or wooden boxes. They are filled with earth mixed with peat. Tubers are embedded in it in such a way that the root collar is visible and at a distance of ten centimeters

• It is recommended to moisten the plant in the box sparingly only if the soil has completely dried out after the previous watering. A spray bottle is used to moisten the root collar.

• A month later, buds appear on the tubers, these are future young shoots that will form stems. The light on young eyes should fall evenly, so the boxes should be regularly turned with the next side to the light

• To cultivate additional bushes, the tubers are cut with a knife. This procedure should be carried out when the buds appeared, then they opened and released young leaves. Prospective bushes must first have at least two open buds. Open cuts are treated with ash mixed with activated carbon

• New roots are planted in rooting pots and moistened regularly

From the first days of May, young bushes are hardened. For this purpose, choose a warm, windless day with a temperature of at least twelve degrees Celsius. The pots are placed in a greenhouse or just outside in the sun. The time spent in the air is increased every day, on the first day two hours will be enough. By the end of the month, they can be left overnight.

Choiceterrain and soil preparation 

Site where it will be produced planting dahlias with tubers with grown young shoots, should be on a hill, then the flowers actively grow, bloom effectively. And the morning sun rays, falling on the plants, will help to quickly recover from nighttime cold snaps.

Bushes should not be in a draft. Although their stems at first glance seem quite strong and flexible, they can also bend and lie down after exposure to strong winds. In this case, the curved bush loses its decorative appeal. This applies especially to those plants that are used as hedges.

The flower is not whimsical to the quality of the soil, almost any soil will become nutritious for it. If it was previously used under crops, it is advisable to carry out the following actions:

• Dig the planned area deeper, while removing weeds, vegetation remnants, roots

• Dig holes up to twenty-five centimeters deep

• Moisten the groove

• Pour half a glass of wood ash on the bottom

• Separately prepare a nutritious soil mixture of equal parts from black soil, sod land, peat and pour it into the hole

• Plant the tuber and sprinkle with the rest of the substrate

  

If the planting site is understated, and the gardener really needs to place dahlias in such a place, there is also a way out. Broken large dry branches are placed in the dug holes. They will play the role of drainage, the prepared earthen mixture is poured on top, and the tubers are planted. Instead of dry branches, you can put bricks, expanded clay. This technique will protect the bush from stagnant water and root rot.

Landing technology

If by the end of May, the beginning of June, the tubers grew several stalks during forcing, then the time has come when to plant perennial dahlias in open ground. Feel free to start work, we do not cover the plants at night if they are located in a climatic zone that is not characterized by recurrent frosts. Covering material should be stocked by flower growers of the northern regions, where at the beginning of June they remind of themselves.

 

It is better to plant the dahlia according to the plan:

• In twenty-four hours, move the pots with future bushes, leave in the allotted area and cover

• Fill the wells with prepared soil mixture immediately before planting

• Carefully, so as not to damage the young shoots, lower the sprouted tubers into the holes, sprinkle with the rest of the soil, without covering the root collar. It must remain above ground level

• Compact the earth around the bush, water it well with pre-collected, settled water, mulch the root zone with the rest of the soil

• If there is a threat of frost, it is better to cover the landing area for two or three days. Such prudence will save the plant from nighttime temperature drops, from the burns of the active daytime sun.

You cannot plant dahlias in one place for more than two seasons. A large plant builds up abundant green mass and thus greatly depletes the land. It is necessary to change the place or annually restore the soil under such flowers, because each bush needs a lot of nutrients.

Proper care 

It is better to take care of dahlias in stages. At the first stage, the introduction of nutrients and watering are carried out. On the second - moistening and feeding, on the third - loosening the soil, hilling. Compositions of fertilizers, dressings are bought or prepared on their own.

For ten days, no procedures are performed with seedlings after planting, except for timely watering, which should be carried out in case of drying out of the top layer of the soil.

In the rainy period of summer, experienced flower growers cover the root zone with a film from washing out the soil and waterlogging the tubers, which leads to putrefactive processes. This proves once again that the site for dahlias should be selected on a hill and further hilling should be carried out.

In the dry season, the root zone is loosened just before watering in order to increase the air permeability of the soil and give the roots the opportunity to breathe. And the larvae of harmful insects ripen in the upper layers of the soil, and due to loosening, they will not be able to harm the roots. The best water for irrigation is from a tap or rainwater.

Fertilization 

After two weeks of recovery after planting, nitrogen-containing fertilizers should be applied. It is they who contribute to the bushes to actively build up a rich and beautiful green mass, the bush becomes strong and lush.

Ready-made purchased formulations or prepared independently are used:

• Forty grams of urea is diluted in a bucket of water

• Water the plant with plain water

• One liter of the prepared concentrate is diluted with ten liters of water and the same solution in an amount of up to four liters is watered directly under the root of each bush

• This procedure should be repeated after ten days.

 

You do not have to resort to soil fertilization if dahlias are planted on the lawn, it is an ideal place.

The plant will need to be fed with mullein infusion just before flowering. To prepare it, you need to take a third of a bucket of fresh cow dung, fill it with water and let the solution brew for three days. For watering, take one liter of infusion, dilute it with a bucket of water and water the bush at the root. This procedure is best done in the evening.

For the formation of large, strong heads of flowers of a bright, saturated color, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are used (40g / bucket of water). A handful of wood ash can be added to this solution. Top dressing is repeated after ten days.

During the flowering period, you can use the same infusion of mullein or fermented remnants of green vegetation. The color of the solution should be dark.

Root treatment and garter 

The roots of perennial dahlias are tubers, consisting of a juicy, tender mass. With good nutrition, they grow quickly, form many young shoots, which will release young shoots in the next season.

Tuberous shoots are well preserved during the cold period, and in spring they actively enter a new stage of growth. They form close to the surface, therefore, three weeks after planting in the ground, it is necessary to rake additional soil into the root zone. It erodes after watering or rains, a plant with bare roots heated by the sun grows poorly, and the quality of flowering decreases.

Loosening should be done carefully after watering and feeding the plant. With the help of a hoe, the earth is scooped up to the roots or a previously prepared soil mixture is poured.

When it reaches a meter in height, the dahlia should be tied to a support. It can be a trellis or pegs stuck into the ground. The fixed stems of the bush will not break from strong winds or from the weight of beautiful large flowers.

Annual dahlias outdoors 

The difference between annual and perennial dahlias is the self-collection of seed. This is done every season, so there are no problems with storing the dug up tubers. When the annual flowers are fully ripe, their seeds are harvested, and in the spring they are sown in the ground.

If you want to have large bushes, you should choose tall subspecies. Although they will bloom later, the flowers will be large, the stems are powerful and bright.

For flowerpots, edging garden paths, a rabatok, it is better to take Mix varieties. These mixtures include plants with the same height, a large palette of colors, creating a well-groomed and colorful decorative effect on a flower bed, lawn or in a flower garden.

When sowing annual dahlias, some rules should be followed:

• Seedlings are prepared in April. Sowing is carried out in two or three seeds in a pot, then the strong ones are left, the weak ones are transplanted into other containers

• Any soil is used for seedlings, because the plant is unpretentious. If you have a choice, it is better to give preference to a composition of black soil, turf and peat

• No grooves are made for seeds, they are simply sprinkled with earth, moderately watered with warm water

• The container is covered with foil, left in the room and the shoots are monitored. When they appear, the film is removed

 

Proper care, fertilization 

Flowering will begin after sixty days after sowing, but for now the seedlings grow and develop rapidly. They are properly looked after, fed, and the owner of the site gets a guarantee that the flower bed or lawn will exceed all expectations.

When creating the necessary conditions for one-year-old dahlias, a novice gardener should remember the following points:

• Seedlings are in great need of sunlight

• Seedlings are irrigated with a spray gun, preventing erosion of the surface soil and opening the roots

• When pulling the seedlings towards the sun, they turn the other side

• With the appearance of the third leaf, the sprouts are treated with a nutrient solution so that the stem grows stronger, the leaves become dense and rich in color

• If a common box is used, when the fourth leaf appears, the sprouts are transplanted into separate containers

Dahlias planted in the ground are given time to take root and recover well. Fertilizers are applied after two weeks and start with nitrogen-containing preparations. The stems will get stronger, gain green mass and enter the phase of peduncle formation.

Annual dahlias are used to decorate terraces, balconies, patio yards, and the formation of borders. Perennials fill the summer garden with a picturesque fairy tale and extraordinary attractiveness. The main thing is to love your plants, and they will delight those around you with delicious, variegated and magnificent heads until the very cold weather.

 

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7-05-2018, 22:47

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