Cucumbers for open ground for the Moscow region planting and care

Cucumber is a vegetable that is 97% water. The remaining 3% contains essential oils and organic acids, which actively affect the sense of smell and the human digestive system. The Moscow region and other regions of Central Russia are considered an ideal area for growing cucumbers. At the same time, there are a number of rules and tricks for successfully growing cucumbers in the open field. From our article you will learn which varieties are better to give preference to, when to sow seeds and in what soil, as well as how to organize the care of a vegetable crop.

The best varieties of cucumbers for the Moscow region

Not sure which variety to choose? Pay attention to the following characteristics of this vegetable crop, which will help you make the right choice:

• ripening period;
• application;
• pollination method.

Hundreds of varieties of cucumbers are suitable for planting and growing in the weather and climatic conditions of the Moscow region. However, the seeds of the following varieties are considered the best: Altai Territory, Nezhinsky local, Vyaznikovsky, hybrids Sovkhozny and Velikolepny, Competitor, Soyuz, Nerosimy 40, Urozhainy 86, VIR 505, as well as breeding hybrids Metelitsa, Zhuravlenok, Rodnichok, Nightingale, Petersburg Express, Annushka, Masha, Claudia, Herman, Farmer, By the Pike's command and others. According to the recommendations of experienced farmers, outdoors, you can simultaneously cultivate 3–7 different varieties of cucumbers.

Planting dates for cucumbers in the Moscow region

The next "secret" of growing cucumbers in the open field in the Moscow region is to determine the permissible sowing periods. To provide yourself with tasty watery vegetables, start sowing their seeds in late May and early June. The sowing period can be extended up to the 20th of the first summer month. With such a long sowing of a field or vegetable garden, harvesting is guaranteed until September inclusive.

Garden bed preparation

Looking for a good harvest of cucumbers? Then you need to take care of the soil where the seeds will be sown in spring and summer. Of great importance in the fertility of a particular variety is played by the predecessor, which was cultivated in this area of ​​the garden or field. Tomatoes, cabbage, onions, lettuce and peas are among the ideal precursors. But from sowing in open ground, where beans previously grew, it is better to refuse. The soil used for beans is often affected by white rot.

Preparation of a land plot for subsequent sowing begins in the fall. The soil is covered with a layer of rotted manure. At the same time, it is important to correctly calculate the required amount of organic fertilizers. For example, following the recommendations of experienced agricultural workers, apply 6–8 kg of fertilizer per 1 m² of land. Further, the soil is dug up, the remains of plants are removed. For greater fertility, farmers recommend using the method of sowing cucumbers of different varieties in a "warm" bed. The effect of heat is created due to the decomposition of plant-type waste (sawdust, straw, last year's fallen leaves, grass cuttings).

Do not use vegetable tops, as they can carry various diseases or be a kind of "home" for the larvae of insect pests.Burn the tops of last year's vegetable crops, and you can sprinkle the resulting ash on the soil in the field. Distribute plant debris evenly over an open area, tamp it, pour well warm water over the soil, sprinkle with wood ash and chalk on top. Then cover with plastic wrap and let it brew for 24 hours.

Further, on the surface of the site, you need to level a new layer of soil, consisting of sod land, sawdust, peat and humus. Such a soil, which is better called "puff cake", is covered with a thick film and left in this form until the start of sowing work - that is, until spring. Preparing "warm" soil requires a lot of attention, time and effort, but this method helps to increase the yield of cucumbers of any kind.

Planting and further care

In the open ground of the Moscow region, vegetable crops can be planted with seeds, not seedlings. The seeds are pre-soaked and transferred to a warm place so that they hatch. How are different varieties of cucumbers planted?

Seeds are sown in grooves or holes 1–2 cm deep. Sowing is covered with damp earth, while the soil must be lightly tamped. From above, everything is covered with a film, which is removed with the first sunrises of the cucumbers.

The cultivation of vegetables in an open garden plot will be crowned with success only with the organization of proper watering and fertilizing. Organic fertilizers are used (mullein, chicken, pigeon or rabbit droppings), as well as ready-made complexes "Effecton", "Agricola" and "Energen", which should be diluted and applied according to the instructions. Water the sowing with warm water every 2-3 days or as the soil dries up.

Forming cucumbers

One of the important stages in the cultivation of cucumbers is the formation of bushes.

This procedure is used to increase yields. Shrub formation includes pruning of side shoots, removal of yellowed or rotten foliage, pinching and garter. All work is best done in the first half of the day - in this case, the injured areas dry out faster.

Video "Cucumbers in the open field"

In this video, you will hear useful tips for growing cucumbers.

Growing cucumbers is not particularly difficult, but in order to get a good harvest, you need to choose varieties that will suit the climate of the region. Plants will also be influenced by care, sowing time, soil type and planting location: open ground or greenhouse. Breeders have created many varieties of cucumber, among which you can choose 3-5 species that are suitable in terms of parameters and plant on your site.

Cucumber varieties for the Moscow region

When planting cucumbers in the Moscow region, you need to take into account in the greenhouse they will grow or without shelter in the beds, they will be useful for canning, for salads from fresh vegetables, or they will be universal. Disease resistance and ripening times are important.

Early cucumbers are harvested 5-6 weeks after sowing, mid-ripening ones - after 6-8 weeks, late-ripening ones - after 8 weeks. For the Moscow region, it is more profitable to take varieties that are early and mid-season in terms of ripening and are resistant to disease and cold, especially if you plan to grow them outside greenhouses and hotbeds. So that the harvest does not depend on the weather, when insects do not pollinate the flowers, it is better to choose self-pollinated hybrids.

Cucumber varieties for open ground for the Moscow region and for greenhouses

Varieties and hybrids, Farmer, Claudia, Herman, Rodnichok, Phoenix, are very popular among cucumbers for open ground.
For greenhouses, you can choose any variety in terms of ripening and frost resistance - the greenhouse will protect delicate varieties from temperature changes and from bad weather. But attention should be paid to the method of pollination - it is not always easy for insects to get into the greenhouse, so self-pollinated cucumbers will be the best option.
For greenhouses, it is better to use the varieties Boy-s-finger, Ant F1, Emelya, Moscow evenings F1.
Some varieties are versatile, grow and bear fruit equally well both outdoors and in greenhouses. These include Goosebumps F1, Benefis F1, Secret F1.

Planting and growing cucumbers

You can grow cucumbers in a seedling and non-seedling way. When planting seeds, they achieve earlier fruiting in advance, for this they are soaked for two days, waiting for the appearance of roots and planted in the ground in separate containers or a common box at a distance of 5-7 cm from each other.

You do not need to soak the seeds, but immediately place them in the soil. Plants will hatch if the ground temperature does not drop below 15 degrees.
Some gardeners heat the seeds for about a month at 25 ° C, noting that the seedlings, thanks to this treatment, rise together, grow well, and then bear fruit. After warming up, the seeds are dipped in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection.

After this procedure, they can be hardened by marking them in the refrigerator for a day, and then sown in boxes in a light, water-and air-permeable soil. Hybrid cucumber varieties do not need special preparation. The ground is watered and covered with foil so that the ground does not dry out too quickly. As soon as the cotyledon leaves unfold, the film is removed.

With the formation of the first pair of true leaves in the seedlings, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are introduced into it to help the cucumbers gain green mass and get stronger. Once every 5-7 days, the seedlings are watered with warm water.
When the seedlings have 3-4 true leaves, they can be transferred to a permanent place. A second pair of leaves is formed at the age of 2.5-3 weeks. The term for sowing cucumbers is calculated from this period. In the Moscow region, this is the second half of April.

Transplanting and caring for cucumbers

Cucumbers prefer drained, organic-rich soils, the planting site should be changed every 4-5 years in order to protect the plants from diseases. Wood sawdust, peat, turf, a little sand are added to the soil.
Ready-made beds on the street or in a greenhouse are watered with 10 liters of hot water with an added teaspoon of vitriol. This volume is enough for 3.5 sq. m. in a day the land is ready for planting seeds or seedlings.

The holes are dug 60-70 cm apart, seeds are placed in them, watered and covered with earth. The seedlings are planted by spreading the roots, covering them with soil along the root collar, and pressing the soil around the sprouts with your hands. For several days, the plants need to be covered so that they get used to the new conditions: glass jars or plastic bottles cut in half will do.
The beds need to be regularly cleaned of weeds, loosened the soil around the seedlings, and watered abundantly. The soil around adult plants is watered as the soil dries with warm water once a week, when the plants are blooming, and with the beginning of fruiting, 2 times a week.

Watering is carried out around the plant carefully, do not wash out the soil, then the soil is loosened.
Top dressing is carried out 4 times per season with organic and mineral fertilizers: urea for growing green mass, potassium sulfate for laying inflorescences, superphosphate for fruit formation. Ash, mullein, bird droppings diluted with water can be used.
Plants must be tied up, pinched for branching and growing yields. Cucumbers are harvested as they ripen.

Growing cucumbers in a barrel

In order not to cultivate the beds, cucumbers can be grown in a barrel. Metal or wooden containers are filled with earth mixed with branches, leaves, dry grass and the composition is compacted. A plastic bottle with several holes on the sides and in the bottom is placed on top of it, and soil is poured around to the neck of the bottle.

The earth is watered and seeds or seedlings are planted in the holes, covering it with a transparent film to protect it from the cold at night. Along the edges of the barrel, 4 support sticks are stuck into the ground with ropes stretched to the fence or tree branches. The stalks of the cucumbers will curl along the rope.
They moisten the soil in barrels by filling dug-in bottles with water, dissolving fertilizers in it as needed.It is not necessary to loosen the soil in the barrels; it is enough to add fresh soil sometimes.

Like many vegetable crops, cucumbers grow well in the open field, you just need to choose the right planting site and seeds to suit the conditions of the Central strip and the Moscow region. By following simple rules for caring for this vegetable, you can get healthy plants and a rich harvest.

Choosing seeds

Growing cucumbers in the open field in the Moscow region begins with the selection of seed. First of all, you need to give preference to experienced manufacturers. Next, pay attention to the technical characteristics of the variety. It is better to choose two types of seeds in order to feast on the first cucumbers as early as possible and for canning, for this mid-season varieties are suitable. Now let's take a closer look at which cucumbers are best planted in the Moscow region in open ground.

A remedy from which plants grow by leaps and bounds! Just water your plants with it ...

See also: "What to plant after cucumbers next year"

Early varieties for open ground

• "Buratino". The variety perfectly tolerates temporary cold snaps, the fruits ripen on days 43-46, pollination occurs by insects, can be grown in open beds or under a temporary film cover. The weight of one cucumber is 80-120g. Zelens are used fresh and for conservation.
• "F1 Khutorok". It takes only 30-35 days from germination to harvest of cucumbers. Zelentsy of light green color with a white tint with thorns are not bitter. Can be used in fresh salads and canning.
• "Muromsky 36". It takes 35-45 days from planting to ripening. The fruits are short, small lumpy, ideal for twisting in the winter. Plants of this variety are resistant to temporary cold snaps. Ripe fruits must be picked quickly, as they may turn yellow.
• "Podmoskovnye F1 Nights" From the emergence of sprouts to maturation, 42-45 days pass, the taste of zelents is excellent, without bitterness. The plant is strongly woven, powerful, with a female flowering type. The length of the cucumbers is 14cm, they are good fresh and canned.
• "Secret of Firm F1" A hybrid of universal use, fruit ripening takes place at 38-42 days. The mass of zelents is up to 115 g, large tubercles with white thorns for universal use. The plant is resistant to a number of common diseases.

Mid-season varieties

• "Connie". The plant is resistant to powdery mildew, root rot, stressful weather conditions. Ripening of cucumbers on the 50th day after germination of sprouts, their weight is about 80g, length is 12cm.
• "Nezhensky". A bee-pollinated plant, after germination, the crop can be harvested in 47-67 days. Bunch-type ovaries, zelents 10-12cm, each cucumber weighs 100g. Crispy cucumbers of this variety have a pleasant taste and pronounced aroma.
• Alliance F1. It takes 50-60 days from germination to ripening of cucumbers. Fruit length up to 15 cm, in one ovary up to 6 zelents are formed, the weight of each of them is 125 g. Cucumbers remain crispy when pickled and pickled.
• "Son of the Regiment". The variety belongs to mini gherkins, the fruits ripen 45 days after germination. The length of the cucumbers is 6-8 cm, with pronounced thorns, with a good cucumber taste. The variety is resistant to common infections and fungi, the fruits do not turn yellow.
• "Spring". A bee-pollinated plant, the harvest ripens 48-50 days from germination. Cucumbers weighing 90-100g, length 10cm, excellent taste with a pronounced aroma. The fruits can be preserved and consumed fresh. "Spring" is resistant to powdery mildew, bacteriosis.

Cooking a garden for cucumbers

Since this plant is thermophilic, the place for the garden should be chosen in a sunny area, it is good if the previous plants are legumes, eggplants, potatoes, carrots, herbs, tomatoes or onions. Today, the so-called warm beds are very popular, and they are optimal for cucumbers.

There are several ways to prepare it, here is one of them: they dig a trench for one and a half bayonets of a shovel and lay in it with the first word branches of fruit trees, then last year's leaves, tops of plants, grass. Now you need to water everything well with water or diluted microbiological (organic) fertilizer and cover everything with soil taken out mixed with mineral fertilizer. The resulting bed must be covered with cellophane for 10 days so that it warms up well. The increased temperature inside the garden will promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, which means that the plant and tree residues will quickly decompose and the plantings will receive additional nutrition and warmth.

Landing

Planting cucumbers in the suburbs in the open ground can occur by seeds or seedlings. It is better to grow seedlings in peat containers so as not to damage the root system when planting in a garden. The seeds painted by the manufacturer should not be soaked before planting, the rest can be soaked in a light pink solution of potassium permanganate or a stimulant, after wrapping the seeds in gauze or a simple cotton cloth. Make sure that the solution or water does not completely cover the seeds, as they need air access. As soon as the seeds germinate, they can be planted in containers or soil. Seedlings of cucumbers should be planted in open ground when 3-4 sheets appear.

With warming, when the air temperature reaches 18 degrees, and the soil warms up to + 16, you can start planting seeds. In the garden, holes are made 5-7 cm deep, at a distance of 30-40 cm, they are spilled with warm water, the seeds are laid and covered with soil, then watered again. Leave about 50 or 60 cm between the rows. To prevent the earth from drying out quickly, the planting should be laid on the bed with covering material and be sure to fix it. After about 5-8 days, depending on the variety of cucumbers, seedlings will appear.

See also: "Why do cucumber leaves turn yellow in the open field, what to do?"

Care

With the acquisition of a garden plot, many gardeners are interested in how to grow cucumbers in the open field in the Moscow region. It should be noted that there is nothing complicated in this process, you just need to follow simple methods for caring for cucumber plantings. So cucumbers more often than other crops need watering, especially if the air temperature is more than + 30. It is better to water it in the evening at sunset, with warm water from a container. It is also necessary to weed the garden with cucumbers, if the plant is weaving, then pull the mesh or provide other support and fix the plant. After the formation of 6-7 leaves, the main stem must be pinched in order to stimulate the branching of the plant and increase the yield.

If a regular bed is used, without the introduction of organic matter, then the cucumbers need feeding. The first feeding is carried out during flowering for this, a solution of bird droppings or mullein is prepared. In the first version, the following scheme is used: 1:25, in the second 1:10. Alternatively, you can apply industrial fertilizer using the manufacturer's recommendations. The next feeding is carried out in two weeks, for this, an infusion of nettle is used (half a bucket of chopped nettle is poured with water to the edges of the container and insisted for 2-3 days) or ash (1 liter per large bucket of water).

Today we talked about popular varieties, growing cucumbers in the open field and caring for them is not difficult, so even a novice vegetable grower can handle it.

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Cultivation of cucumbers in the Moscow region easily takes place in the open field. You can plant any of the best varieties of delicious cucumbers. For a successful planting, you need to know when to plant any varieties. What are the secrets of growing cucumbers in the Moscow region?

Growing cucumbers in the Moscow region has its own characteristics

Growing features

Self-pollinated and other varieties of cucumbers easily coexist with homemade peas, various cabbage, but they definitely do not like potatoes.If you want to grow cucumbers outdoors in a corner of the Moscow region, set aside an area for them that receives a lot of sunlight. On an area with light soil, there should be no harsh and cold winds.

Where better to plant any of the best cucumber varieties if you want to grow really good crops? Sowing cucumbers is preferable on open ground, where tomatoes, legumes, root vegetables, cabbage, peppers or onions used to grow. Yields can be lowered if you sow self-pollinated seeds in the same spot over and over again.

Cucumbers can be grown directly in the open field. When is the best time to plant? In this case, it is recommended to start planting in June so that the crop has time to ripen. You can choose seedlings for greenhouses or outdoor cultivation.

Cucumbers and tomatoes in the garden are perfectly adjacent to each other

Soil preparation

How and when to prepare open ground for seedlings in the Moscow region in the fall? Dig a strip no wider than 70 cm and a depth of 20 cm. Directly in the center of the strip, make a straight trench 30 cm deep. Straw, leaves, sawdust, grass and peat should be laid directly on its bottom. This layer is no more than 15 cm and remains intact until spring.

How is open ground prepared for planting seedlings in the Moscow region? When is the best time to start growing? At the very beginning of May, it is required to lay a 25 cm layer of fresh manure in the prepared trench. Pour boiling water over it with a little manganese. Then a small amount of soil is placed in which cucumbers will grow in an open space.

For a start, you can not plant the seedlings in unprotected open soil. The best varieties grow easily in a greenhouse. Seedlings must be fertilized on time so that they normally take root in the greenhouse.

Remember that the greenhouse should not be too hot, but also cold. If you want the planting to be successful, the seedlings must be correctly planted, not only planted, but also protected. The best varieties of selected cucumbers for a greenhouse are hybrids, the variety of which will delight any gardener. Which plants to choose depends on your individual preferences.

What are the terms of cultivation? It all depends directly on the variety that you decide to grow. For early vegetables, ripening periods of no more than a couple of months are characteristic. At a later date, you can collect cucumbers, suitable not only for salads, but also for subsequent preservation.

Late cucumbers are mainly used for conservation.

Correct care

Growing cucumbers is a rather painstaking business. Seedlings should be sprayed with a small amount of clean water in the morning. This is also done in the greenhouse, which also receives polluted air. Poor ecology is a real harm to the harvest of this vegetable, therefore, even in the greenhouse, they organize extremely careful and timely care.

Which whips should not be shifted during the harvesting process:

• Already adult shoots should not be shifted so as not to harm the delicate plant. The vegetable will begin to waste its energy on turning the leaves to the desired position, which leads to a decrease in yield, and the cultivation itself ceases to make sense.
• When picking cucumbers, it is best to carefully remove them from the lashes without damaging the seedlings.

Seedlings also need to be protected from gusts of wind. Therefore, planting the plant is best in a secluded corner, which is protected from drafts and sudden gusts of wind. When there is a draft, there is an increased evaporation and disappearance of carbon dioxide.

Growing a vegetable implies increased plant nutrition with ordinary carbon dioxide - the correct formation of female flowers is accelerated. It is necessary to plant cucumbers with the introduction of organic matter under the seedlings when they move to open soil.

It is helpful to regularly water the plants with the mullein, but it should not come into direct contact with the vegetable itself.

Gardeners do not recommend using the pinch method if you are growing a tasty and bountiful harvest of cucumbers in open soil. The plant is characterized by the formation of a sufficient number of female inflorescences on the main stem, as well as secondary shoots. In any case, if the care is correct and the fertilization is regular, you will get high yields.

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