Do I need to soak peas before planting in open ground

Vegetable peas are divided into two groups - sugar peas and shell peas. In summer cottages, sugar varieties are mainly grown, which do not have a hard parchment layer inside the pods, and the pods themselves are large and tasty, so they can be eaten whole without taking out the pea.

Sugar peas can be eaten with pods

However, the preparation of any varieties for sowing and the sowing itself are practically the same.

You should not soak and germinate pea seeds before sowing, especially in the case of brain varieties, although many summer residents do this in the hope that soaking will accelerate germination:

firstly, if it accelerates, then a maximum of a day, besides, when sowing in early spring, peas are still placed in wet ground;
secondly, what is most terrible, if after sowing the cold returns and the soil temperature drops below +4 ° C, the pea roots will die, and the seeds themselves will disappear.

In early spring, sowing peas without soaking is more reliable.

Instead of soaking before sowing, do the following:

It is better to sort the seeds into large and small ones, as well as discard those infected with pea weevils.
It is inconvenient to do this manually, so the peas can be held in a solution of table salt (2-3 tablespoons per 1 liter of water) for five minutes, no more. During this time, non-viable and pest-affected peas will emerge.
After treatment with a saline solution, the seeds must be washed well with clean water and dried to dryness by spreading them out on paper or cloth.
You can warm up the seeds a little before sowing by placing them for an hour and a half next to the radiator. After such manipulations, the germination of the peas will be more friendly.

At large agricultural enterprises, seeds are treated with formalin, in an effort to prevent the development of diseases, of which there are many in peas. Doing this at home is not worth it.

When is it better to sow peas

The growing season of different varieties of peas is very different, but in summer cottages, early sugar varieties are mainly sown. They are ready for use within a month and a half after sowing or a little later.

In central Russia, it is better to sow early varieties of peas

Focusing on the desired consumption period, it is easy to calculate the sowing date, because peas can be planted very early, as soon as the soil thaws. In central Russia, this time comes around the end, or even in the middle of April. In the north, peas are sown in May, and in the south, the sooner the better: this crop does not like intense heat and must be harvested before it begins. Therefore, in such regions as Rostov or Astrakhan, peas must be sown in March.

To extend the harvest time, it is better to immediately sow both an early-ripening variety and a medium-ripening variety. And if there is a desire to feast on your favorite variety for a longer time, it is worth sowing it several times, with an interval of one and a half to two weeks.

Soil and air temperature

When sowing peas, one should be guided by the temperature not of the air, but of the soil. Any varieties of peas are extremely cold-resistant, seedlings can withstand severe frosts, but swollen, but not germinated seeds will simply rot at low temperatures in the ground. Smooth-grain varieties germinate at a soil temperature of +1 oC, and cerebral ones - no lower than at +4 oC. Therefore, the first can be started to sow in open ground immediately after the snow melts, and the second - ten days later. The last date for sowing peas is the end of June or a little later.

Peas are sown very early, when other plants have not yet woken up after winter.

During the growth of peas for the formation of green mass (stems, leaves), the optimum temperature of the air and soil is 12–16 ºС, of the generative organs (buds, flowers) - slightly higher (16–22 ºС). Too high a temperature during the flowering period, as well as the filling of the pods, has a bad effect on the quantity and quality of the crop.

Soil selection

Peas are plants that accumulate nitrogen-containing organic matter on their roots and stems. But this does not mean that he is able to feed himself on any soil. On the contrary, he also needs various fertilizers containing, in addition to phosphorus and potassium, nitrogen. On soils poor in nutrients, and besides, very acidic, it grows poorly - it will give out two or three pods on the plant and dry out prematurely. The best soils for peas are medium loamy and sandy loamy soils. Acidity - close to neutral or, better, slightly acidic. Strongly acidic soils must be calcified in advance by adding dolomite flour, chalk or lime. It is best to plant peas in the place where tomatoes, pumpkin vegetables, cabbage, and potatoes grew before.

The beds are prepared in the same way as for most vegetables, in the fall, but the best option is when organic fertilizers (well-rotted manure or compost) were applied even earlier, under previous crops.

Manure, especially fresh manure, causes a strong overgrowth of bushes, but at the same time prevents a high-quality harvest.

The amount of organic matter is about a bucket per square meter, to which you need to add a half-liter can of wood ash. Superphosphate and potassium salts (20-40 g per 1 m2) are desirable, but not necessary. Peas are very fond of the presence of trace elements in the soil, especially molybdenum and boron, but this issue is solved by the introduction of wood ash.

Ash perfectly saturates the bed for peas with minerals and trace elements

To reduce the risk of diseases, this plant cannot be planted on the same bed even for two years in a row, it is necessary to alternate with other vegetable crops.

Preparation of beds and planting scheme

A place in the country for sowing peas must be selected dry, open to the sun's rays. At first, it will be mostly cut off by children, so it is better to plant it in the beds located along the paths:

for early ripening varieties, the ridge can be made no more than half a meter wide, so that children can freely reach the pods on both sides without trampling plantings;
mid- and late-ripening pea varieties are best placed along the paths in very narrow beds, where you can sow it in 2-3 rows (then it will be easier to fill the bushes on the trellises).
For more convenient harvesting, it is better to plant peas in narrow beds.

Before sowing, transverse grooves are made on wide ridges, and longitudinal shallow grooves on narrow ridges.The distance between them depends on the variety of peas (how tall the bushes will grow), but on average it is from 15 to 30 cm. Seeds are laid out in grooves every 8-10 cm from each other.

What can you plant peas next to?

Peas saturate the soil with nitrogen, which, of course, will benefit any of its neighbors. Therefore, peas can be considered a useful companion for most vegetables. It is often planted simply in the aisles, not even for the sake of the harvest, but as a useful crop.

It is believed that the best neighbors of peas in the beds are cucumbers and carrots. The smell of tomatoes helps fight harmful insects, and corn planted next to it can be an excellent natural support for peas. Another "doctor" that scares the pea moth from planting is mustard. Peas normally coexist with salads, parsley, potatoes and any types of cabbage.

Peas normally coexist with most vegetable crops

But will all the neighbors benefit the peas themselves? Not all, but he does not have very many obvious antagonists. Peas do not like neighborhoods with garlic and onions - excellent healers of garden beds, scaring away many pests with their phytoncides. He does not live very well next to relatives - beans and any varieties of beans.

How to properly plant peas in open ground

So, after preparing the seeds and soil, you can start planting.

Dug up in the fall and filled with fertilizers, level the garden bed with a rake.
Dig grooves with a hoe at a distance of 15-30 cm from each other, about 3 cm deep.
If the soil has time to dry out, spill the grooves with warm water from a watering can without a strainer.
Along the marked lines, spread the peas at a distance of 6-10 cm from each other and press them into the soil with your finger, about half the length of the index finger.
Fill the grooves with a hoe and lightly compact the soil with your hands.
If the soil is dry, carefully repeat the watering through a strainer.
Close the bed with a dense spunbond (density 60 g / m2) or spruce branches so that the sown peas do not peck out the birds.

Video: sowing peas in the garden

The optimum sowing depth of peas in open ground depends to a greater extent not on the variety, but on the structure of the soil and can range from 2 to 4 cm.If the soils are heavy, clayey, the peas should be buried shallowly, on light sandy soils - deeper.

Plant care

Caring for this unpretentious plant is simple and includes:

garter,
watering,
top dressing,
pest and disease control.

In loosening and weeding, unlike most garden crops, peas only need the beginning of the growing season, while the bushes are very small. It is impossible to loosen the soil between adult bushes due to the density of the stems at their base, but you can add dry mulch.

It is impossible to loosen and weed adult pea bushes because of the densely growing stems

Weeding the grown peas is almost an impossible task: it is dangerous to uproot the weeds because the roots of the peas themselves can be damaged.

Supports for peas

Most varieties of peas require an obligatory support. A garter is usually not needed, he himself clings to any sticks and ropes. For low-stemmed varieties, it will be enough to place a palisade of sticks no more than 50 cm high along the edges of the bed and tie twine or wire on them in several rows, and the rows are tied as the bushes grow.

Video: peas with flowers and pods on a simple trellis

Peas of late varieties grow up to 2 meters or more, high stakes are needed, therefore trellises are often arranged instead of them. They can be built from any available materials:

tie a metal or plastic mesh with large cells to the vertical posts;
drive in strong stakes along the edges of the beds and stretch a wire between them in several rows, depending on the height of the peas.
You can make a trellis for peas from wooden planks and metal mesh

Watering

In summer, peas need watering (if there is no rain, and the ground dries up).This culture is moisture-loving, but it can withstand short-term droughts. Plants mainly need water during flowering and filling of peas. If there is practically no rain, one watering per week is enough for peas before flowering, and after the flowers appear, the frequency of watering should be doubled.

Peas need a lot of water during flowering

In moderately rainy seasons in most of our country, you can do without watering.

Fertilizers

It is worthwhile to coincide with watering and top dressing:

the first feeding is carried out at the beginning of flowering,
the second - when the first pods appear.

To do this, you need to dissolve a tablespoon of azofoska in a bucket of water and pour this solution over a square meter of the garden. If there is rotted cow dung, a handful of it can be diluted in a bucket of water and used the next day in the same way. Before and after feeding, the beds with peas must be watered.

Treatment against diseases and pests

Peas have a lot of diseases and pests (for example, pea weevil, pea moth), and in summer cottages, prevention consists mainly in careful observance of all rules of agricultural technology. You can process the planting with folk remedies several times:

decoction of capsicum;
infusions of tobacco, celandine, tomato tops, garlic, wormwood.

The larva of the pea weevil damages the peas in the pod

Harvesting

The harvesting of the shovels of sugar varieties begins within a week and a half after flowering, since the largest amount of nutrients is contained in the seeds and valves of the young peas. However, the irregularity of ripening, the tendency of ready-made pods to crack, as well as lodging of plants make harvesting of peas so difficult that it turns into a very time-consuming process.

It is better not to pick off the pods, but to cut off with scissors so as not to damage the delicate stems.

After everyone has eaten with young peas, more and more pods remain unharvested on the bushes. This is bad: the unharvested crop gives the plants a signal that they can finish their vital activity and dry out. To prevent this from happening, pods that are unnecessary for food are collected for seeds:

Leave the pods on the bush until they are fully ripe (the skin should be yellow and dry).
Each variety is removed in separate containers, making sure that no specimens with pea weevil damage are caught.
Then they carefully remove the peas from the dry pods and dry them for another week, spreading them out in one layer.
After harvesting, plant residues are mowed down and placed in compost.

It is not recommended to pull out the roots: they have accumulated useful nitrogen-containing substances in themselves over the summer, which, as they rot, will enter the soil and will be consumed next year by future plantings.

Video: picking peas for seeds

Correct planting of peas in a summer cottage almost guarantees a normal harvest: this crop requires only minimal care when growing. Having sown sugar brain varieties in early spring, at the very beginning of summer you can enjoy vitamin products and delight children and grandchildren with them.

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With the onset of spring, every summer resident starts seasonal chores. Planting peas is one of the many activities where it is important to carry out the preparatory work correctly. The planting material is sorted and discarded, the pea grains selected for planting are soaked. Prepare a bed and add the necessary nutrients to the soil. It is generally accepted that peas are not a very capricious vegetable, but, like all cultivated plants, they require attention. It is traditionally planted in spring, so it is important to decide how long it takes to germinate and how best to process the seeds.

Do I need to soak peas before planting

The agrotechnology of growing crops is one of the simplest, but there are disagreements in this process. Some gardeners believe that seeds should be soaked in water or nutrient solutions before planting, as pre-germination will accelerate germination.Many practitioners claim that it is best to plant seeds dry, but in well-moisturized soil. Seedlings with such planting appear later, but the slow swelling of the grains in the soil will have a beneficial effect on the development of culture and yield. The situation should be sorted out.

For sowing, you can use each of the options, but with detailed consideration and some experience, the conclusion suggests itself - growing pea seeds with preliminary soaking is the best way.

The first seedlings appear quickly and evenly. Stimulated seed material allows plants to thrive, bloom profusely, and the crop ripens earlier. Thus, when considering whether to soak before planting peas, the answer is obvious.

How to soak peas

To get the highest quality and highest yield of peas, before sowing, preventive measures for disinfection should be carried out, the grains should be saturated with moisture and the planting material should be germinated at home.

It is necessary to soak peas before planting, but not all gardeners know how to germinate seeds correctly. The material is sorted out and the affected pea weevil is removed. Only full-weight, whole and pest-free grains are suitable for germination, their quality can be checked in the following way:

Warm water is poured into a 1 liter container.
1 tablespoon of table salt is dipped in liquid and mixed.
Seed material is placed in the prepared composition.

High-quality, healthy and ready-to-plant grains remain at the bottom of the container. If the peas have surfaced, they cannot be used for sowing, such seeds very rarely germinate. For swelling, the selected pea grains are soaked in the prepared solution before planting.

Soaking solution

The technique of soaking peas is simple. It is used for germinating seeds and obtaining earlier seedlings. Usually gardeners use traditional and most affordable methods:

Method one. Take a deep plate and cover it with a cloth or folded gauze in several layers. Prepared seed material is laid out in a container and filled with water at room temperature. The liquid should completely cover the peas. The grains are covered with a cloth and placed in a warm place. Germination takes 12 hours. To prevent the seeds from becoming covered with mucus and mold, the water is changed every two hours.
Method two. Pea seeds are heated at a temperature of 45 degrees. To do this, hot water is poured into a thermos and seeds are placed in it. The grains are kept in a warm environment for several hours, after which they are removed and dried. Peas, being in a steam bath, are saturated with moisture, swell and increase in size. Hot-sprouted grains sprout much earlier than expected.
Method three. This procedure will not only increase seed germination, but also serve as a disinfectant and prophylactic agent. 1 g of boric acid is added to 5 l of water. Seed material is soaked in the resulting solution and kept for 25 minutes, no more.

Gardeners often soak peas in a special solution or biostimulant. Many drugs contain plant substances and biologically active additives that make the planting material strong, healthy and resistant to diseases.

Special solutions:

stimulate plant growth;
help the culture to adapt to frequent changes in air temperature;
in a rainy summer, they contribute to adaptation in a humid environment and getting used to low light;
develop stable immunity against possible diseases and harmful insects.

It is useful to treat seeds with bacterial fertilizers and microelements. Sprouting peas is a common and often necessary procedure. Planting of soaked seed material can be carried out at a later date and at the same time get a harvest at the right time and of good quality.

Duration of processing

The duration of the procedure depends on the composition used. The time of traditional soaking of planting material lasts from 6 to 10 hours. The residence time in the solution is determined by the selected germination agent.

When soaking seeds in clean water, keep in mind that this process will take a long time. When using nutrient solutions and growth stimulants, you should carefully study the instructions and recommendations, since stimulating drugs have a limited processing time. So that the harvest does not disappoint, you should know how to soak peas before planting in the soil, whether it is necessary to do this and which solution is best to use.

Peas are an annual, unpretentious crop to grow. By following simple agrotechnical recommendations, you can achieve a good harvest. Due to their biological characteristics, growing peas do not take up much space. And since the period from planting to harvesting ripe beans is short, several crops of green peas are harvested per season.

Seed preparation before sowing

In order to get the maximum yield and speed up the cultivation, you need to take care of the sowing in advance. Whether it is necessary to soak the peas before planting or it is enough to warm them up - everyone chooses a convenient method for themselves. But if the seeds are pre-processed, the effect will not be long in coming. So…

Soaking method until morning

When soaking, take a few tablespoons of pea seeds and dip in a deep plate. Then pour 1 cm of warm water and leave until morning. After the right time, the peas change their appearance: from dry and hard they turn into large, green and softer ones. The prepared beans are transferred to a damp cloth and washed every day until the first seedlings appear. This will be the signal for planting peas in the soil.

Do peas need to be soaked in hot water before planting in spring?

If you use the second method, the first shoots will appear 3 days earlier than the day. For this, the required amount of peas is placed in a thermos with hot water for several hours (the temperature should not be higher than 45 degrees). During this time, the peas will become saturated with moisture and swell. After the specified time, the seeds must be removed from the thermos and dried.

Some gardeners plant unprepared seeds in the ground. The disadvantage of this option:

The first shoots appear much later.
The area will be sown unevenly, as it is not immediately clear which seeds will not germinate.
Plants are less resistant.

Tip: when soaking in water, you can add micronutrient fertilizers in the form of boric acid or ammonium molybdate. This will create additional protection against damage by the root weevil.

Nodule weevil

How and when to plant peas

Before planting seeds, you need to prepare the soil:

Choose a sunny, spacious place.
Dig up the beds.
Loosen and level the earth.

Do not forget about the minimum fertilization of the soil with organic matter and minerals. The harvest will be good if ash and manure are mixed into the soil in the spring. You only need to use rotted manure, since fresh manure can cause rapid growth of leaves to the detriment of flowering and, accordingly, fruits.

Peas are planted in the ground to a depth of 5 cm, the recommended spacing between them is 2 cm. The timing of planting depends on the geographical features of the area. For example, for the middle lane, the end of April - beginning of May is recommended.

Tip: cyclicality gives a good result: if the land was carefully fertilized for the previous crop, then the pea crop will be abundant.

Care features

Correct and timely planting is only the initial stage on the way to harvesting. It is important to be able to competently care for the culture. The care process consists of a range of activities:

watering,
weeding,
pest control,
protection against diseases,
loosening.

And besides that, is it necessary to tie the peas? It turns out it is necessary! So that the leaves do not melt on the ground and are ventilated.

Do I need to pinch peas?

It is customary to pinch the plant so that it grows not so much in height, but also gives side shoots. As soon as the peas reach a height of 20-25 cm, its top must be torn off. As a result, the culture will become stronger, it will have more flowers and pods.

Advice: as soon as the first, not yet ripe fruits appear, a net must be fixed over the peas, otherwise the birds will get the harvest!

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Posted in Gardening

Michurinsk, Elena. I read many conflicting recommendations about planting peas. Tell me if you need to soak the peas for planting or it is not necessary?
Peas are one of the most popular crops with several varieties. Many gardeners are engaged in its cultivation. Planting this vegetable has some peculiarities. It is believed that before immersing the seed in the soil, it should be soaked. But what is the right way to do it? And is it worth doing this kind of training?

Do peas need to be soaked before planting?

The very fact of the need to soak pea seeds is very controversial. There are 2 opposite opinions on this matter. Some gardeners recommend sowing dry seeds. However, planting will then have to be done in a moist substrate, to a depth of about 5 cm. Seedlings may not appear for a long time. Soaked peas germinate faster. However, the swelling of the planting material in the soil has a very positive effect on the future harvest.

There are two opposing opinions, whether to soak peas or not.

Many gardeners prefer to plant soaked peas. This approach allows you to get seedlings earlier.

In the spring, it is permissible to follow both recommendations. Regular watering or natural soil moisture has a great effect on the development of dry and treated seeds.

Attention! When planting seeds in the summer, when it is not possible to carry out daily watering, the germinated planting material may die.

Pea soaking technique

The most effective method for germinating pea seeds involves careful selection of the material in advance. Next, 1 large spoonful of table salt is dissolved in 1 liter of warm water. Pour peas into the resulting composition. The material that lies on the bottom of the container will be of high quality. Peas are suitable for planting:

full-bodied;
whole;
undamaged by pests.

Peas can be soaked in plain water or a special composition can be purchased.

If the peas have surfaced, it is not recommended to use them for planting. He will not be able to germinate.

You can simply fill in the planting material with clean water at room temperature. The liquid must completely cover the material. It takes about 12-16 hours for swelling. It is recommended to change the water every 3 hours. After 12 hours, drain all the liquid and put the peas on a clean, dry cloth. The seeds need to be dried a little.

Advice. It is not recommended to overexpose seeds in water. If bubbles form in the liquid, this indicates the death of a part of the peas.

Special formulations for soaking peas

It is very useful to soak the peas in a special composition for the first 3 hours. Preparations that include biologically active additives help to make the planting material healthier, stronger, and more resistant to diseases. Among such funds it is worth noting:

Humate;
Epin;
Rizotorfin;
Nitragin.

Soaked peas germinate faster but must be planted with care

The most popular specialty agent is humate, which is essentially a potassium salt obtained from humic acid.The drug has an anti-stress and stimulating effect. The use of humate will ensure the early germination of the culture.

Soaking peas is a common procedure. If you follow all its subtleties, then the vegetable yield can be significantly increased.

Date of publication:Landing in open ground