Narcissus planting and care outdoors in siberia

In the world of gardeners, spring and tender daffodils are incredibly popular, and planting and caring for them in the open field is quite simple. It is interesting that the unpretentious flower is suitable both for growing in flower beds and plots, and for decorating apartment windowsills. Of course, daffodils have some peculiarities of planting and subsequent care.

Description of spring flowers

Narcissus belongs to the amaryllis family and is a perennial, characterized by amazing resistance to frost, disease and other adverse conditions. In addition, the flower is undemanding to the composition of the soil, habitat, humidity, lighting. It can grow anywhere.

Daffodil is distinguished by flowering in early spring and a scent reminiscent of honey. The buds most often have a white or yellow tint. The length of the peduncles ranges from 25 to 40 cm. The leaves are narrow, erect and elongated.

There are many species and varieties of daffodil. Moreover, these differ not only in appearance, but also in the flowering period. Therefore, when choosing a culture, you should carefully study the packaging. On average, a daffodil blooms for 10-14 days. If you correctly approach planting a plant and decorating a flower bed, you can observe the flowering of different varieties from the last days of March until the end of spring.

Preparing for landing

At the initial stage, planting and caring for daffodils outdoors begins with preparation, which includes the following steps:

1. Choosing a place. Daffodils are distinguished by their ability to adapt to any conditions, so they can be planted both in the shade and in an open sunny area. However, it is worth clarifying that under direct rays the plant produces more buds and, in general, feels much better. It is also worth taking care of protection from drafts. In one place, a plant can live up to 5 years.
2. Priming. The soil for daffodils should have excellent air permeability, excellent moisture permeability. The plant does not like stagnant water. The best option would be loamy soil with neutral acidity. Approximately 3 months before planting, you will need to dig up to a depth of 35 cm and cultivate the site. Add 3-4 kg of compost, peat. For sandy soil, clay with humus can be used, and heavy soil can be diluted with coarse sand, 20 kg per 1 sq. m.

Daffodils do not tolerate manure, therefore, its use as fertilizer is unacceptable. The only option may be to apply it at least a year before planting in the selected area.

Additionally, experts recommend how to feed the daffodils in the spring. Mineral compositions are suitable in the proportions:

• potash fertilizers - 1 tbsp. l. for 1 sq. m;
• Agricola for flowering plants - 1 tbsp. l. for 1 sq. m;
• superphosphate - 2 tbsp. l. for 1 sq. m.

Fertilizers can be applied in the fall, the main thing is that at least 30 days have passed before planting.

Landing

Before planting, you need to decide when to plant daffodils best. The first weeks of September, the end of summer, are considered optimal. But in addition, you should focus on the climate of the growing region.

The general condition that must be met is the temperature indicator of the soil within + 8 ° + 10 ° C, which does not move from these marks for at least 2 weeks. Before the soil freezes, the bulbs should have time to take root, but not grow.

As for the moment whether it is possible to plant daffodils in the spring, opinions differ here. In general, planting is acceptable, but there is a high risk that the plant will be weak. When grown this way, the bulb will mature later and flowering is likely to be delayed. In this case, the optimal period for planting bulbs is April. In this case, planting in the ground in the spring should be carried out only after the snow melts and the air warms up to + 7 ° C.

Next, you will need to purchase quality material. The bulbs can be bought at the store, and you should pay attention to the integrity and the absence of rotten parts. It is also necessary that the bulb is large enough, at least 5 cm in diameter, otherwise it will have to be grown and it will not germinate soon. It is also worth remembering that growing daffodils outdoors requires the bulbs to be firm to the touch.

Before planting, you can treat the material with a fungicidal agent or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. Further, in the prepared area, holes are formed, the depth of which is calculated by multiplying the diameter of the bulb by 3. The distance between the holes is 10-12 cm.

In order for the buds to appear as early as possible, and the bulb has overgrown with the largest number of children, it is worth deepening it a little shallower than it should be. To achieve the opposite result, the bulb is planted deeper.

Inside, the hole is sprinkled with a layer of river sand. At the time of planting, the onions are placed with the bottom down and pressed. From above the flower bed is mulched with a layer of peat 3-4 cm long. At the first frost, the area is covered with fallen leaves. In the spring, after the snow melts, the soil is loosened.

As for how to plant daffodils in spring, there is nothing difficult here either. You will need to purchase material and place it in a refrigerator or cellar for the winter, only in this case the plant will bloom. Further stages, including processing the material, burying the bulbs, are similar to those for autumn planting.In conclusion, the soil is tamped and watered.

Daffodil care

So, how to care for daffodils outdoors. A number of key points can be highlighted here:

1. Watering. It is necessary to irrigate the soil as it dries, but the formation of a hard crust should not be allowed. Watering should be continued until the point of wilting.
2. Weeding, loosening. Weeds should be removed periodically and the soil should be loosened. This will improve breathability and slow down the evaporation of moisture.

In addition, tender daffodils, when planting and caring in the open field, need additional feeding. It is optimal to apply fertilizers 2 times:

1. Top dressing in the phase of inflorescence formation. Ingredients: 1 tsp. superphosphate, urea, potassium sulfate are dissolved in 10 liters of water. Consumption is 5 liters per 1 sq. m.
2. Top dressing at the beginning of flowering. Ingredients: 1 tsp. Dissolve nitrophosphate, Agricola-7 and Effekton fertilizers in 10 liters of water.

In a rainy summer, it is recommended to replace liquid top dressing with dry formulations. To do this, in early spring, you need to scatter 1 tsp. superphosphate, Agricola-7, potassium sulfate, wood ash, urea per 1 sq. m of soil.

Leaving after the end of flowering

Good post-flowering daffodil care involves pruning and harvesting the bulbs. It is important not to rush to remove drying twigs and leaves. It is necessary to wait until the parts of the plant are completely dry, but dry buds can be harvested immediately.

The bulbs should be removed before new rooting begins, after the foliage turns yellow.

Finally, the planting material is cleared of soil and plant parts. It is dried at a temperature of at least + 20 ° C. Then the children are separated and treated with an antiseptic. Then they are thoroughly dried again.

Store the material at + 25 ° C for 7 days. Then transferred to a cool and dark place and left until planting.

Planting and caring for fragrant daffodils is so easy that any gardener can handle it. In addition, the bright and sunny flowering of buds can decorate both a summer cottage and designs and flower beds created by masters. The main thing is not to be lazy and follow the existing rules for planting a plant.

Features of growing daffodils - video

1. Receiving planting material
2. Landing
3. Daffodil care
4. Features of caring for daffodils in difficult conditions

Botanists classify the daffodil as a member of the amaryllis family of the order of asparagus. This representative of perennial grasses has a bulb that serves for reproduction, along with seeds. Over time, daughter bulbs grow on top of the mother bulbs, after a few years they can be divided and planted separately. When germinating seeds, plants from them usually begin to bloom after about 6 years. The flowering time usually occurs in April-May.

The daffodil plant is low, up to 50 centimeters, the flowers are either single or form an umbrella inflorescence containing up to eight flowers. Flowers can be bicolor or monochromatic (pure white or yellow). The seeds are in a three-nested capsule that ripens in August.

Unfortunately, all plants belonging to this genus are poisonous. Narcissus is poisonous completely, from roots to flowers. They contain narcissin, an alkaloid that is dangerous to humans, especially pets. Sometimes, someone inexperienced can mistake daffodil bulbs for onions. The first symptom of this error is diarrhea and vomiting.

The plant is frost-resistant, so planting and care in the open field in the Urals and Siberia of daffodils is possible.

Receiving planting material

When purchasing daffodil planting material, the following simple rules must be observed:

1. Do not buy planting material in the spring.
2. Bulbs must be free from sprouts, stems, roots or flowers.
3. There should be no additional small bulbs.

Seeds of various varieties are often available for purchase. A plant growing from a seed takes several years to fully develop and begin flowering.Then you can propagate it vegetatively, using bulbs.

Watch a video on planting and caring for daffodils.

The best material can be obtained from the mother bulb after two to three years, the separation process at this time of the main and daughter bulbs is most simple. Having dug them out and cut off the connecting scale, it is necessary to process the junction with a solution of potassium permanganate to avoid contamination of the planting material.

Landing

The flower is best planted on fertile or medium soils, not forgetting to add humus or fertilizer. Its bulbs prefer medium soils, so peat or manure must be applied to sandy areas. On heavy, clayey soils, sand or rotted humus is required. Manure, just before planting, is contraindicated for daffodils. This fertilizer must be applied one year before planting.

Choose a better lit place or partial shade that is open enough to the wind. Then the flowers of the daffodil will show their best. What should be feared is stagnation of moisture, this causes rotting of the bulb. Any soil needs to be drained.

For better plant growth, you need to make sure the soil is close to neutral. In acidic soils, dolomite flour or ash must be added in advance.

For daffodils outdoors, a rare planting is shown. After a few years, their bulbs will grow into a whole system that can and should be planted. The distance from the plants should be between 10 and 20 cm. The optimal planting depth is considered to be 13 cm or so. Other bulbous or perennial asters and phloxes should not have grown on this site before. It is better to take the land after legumes, peonies or cucumbers.

Planting in autumn and caring for daffodils in the open field is impossible without the use of fertilizers, including mineral salts. Some time before planting, it is necessary to add superphosphate and, for example, a complex fertilizer "Agricola for flowering plants" to the soil.

Planting flowers can be carried out both in early spring and autumn. True, it is preferable to manipulate the bulbs after the summer, and not before it. The whole process is simple and takes several steps:

1. Soil preparation. In the summer, it is necessary to prepare the site, loosen the ground with one shovel bayonet.
2. Apply the necessary fertilizers and substrates. Strictly except for manure.
3. Prepare holes approximately 40 cm deep.
4. Lay the bulbs to a depth of 3 of its heights, then fill the hole halfway, pour water over it. Fall asleep completely, it is advisable to mulch the soil.

Daffodil care

Daffodils require a lot of water, about 2 buckets per square meter. After watering, you need to loosen the soil, getting rid of the weeds. This can be avoided by covering the soil with sawdust, nut shells or other suitable organic debris.

Read about planting cyclamen seeds.
And also about germinating seeds before planting.

For sustainable flowering, during the season, it is necessary to organize several fertilizing of plants with nutrients. It is best to apply fertilizer four times:

• during the germination period in the spring;
• when buds appear, in late spring;
• after a while, one to two months after the second;
• after the end of flowering.

The amount of mineral fertilizers is approximately as follows: 30, two times 20 and 50 grams per square meter. Two parts of phosphate for one part of potash, while this process can be combined with watering. When planting daffodils in the ground in the Urals, you can slightly increase the dosage.

You can dig up the bulbs either after flowering, when the tops of the leaves begin to turn yellow, or shortly before all the flowers fall off. In the second case, it is possible to avoid contamination of the plants with the larvae of the daffodil fly, which can destroy most of the plants.

Storing daffodil bulbs is tricky because the scales are not strong enough to resist drying out.Indoor temperature should not exceed 18 degrees in autumn and 9 degrees in winter and early spring. During storage, it is necessary to get rid of spoiled bulbs, sorting them out if possible.

At home, caring for daffodils is simple, since the plants are quite resistant, the main thing is to remember about their toxicity.

Features of caring for daffodils in difficult conditions

Planting and caring for daffodils outdoors in Siberia or other unfavorable conditions has a number of features:

• if there is a possibility of deep freezing of the soil, it is necessary to dig up the bulbs every season;
• in the case of a short summer, the flowering time will have to be greatly reduced, already in July, when the flowers leave, it is necessary to dig out the bulbs and put them in storage.

It is imperative to mulch the soil with a layer of no more than 4 centimeters; in case of frost, you can briefly cover the bulbs that have not been dug out with fallen leaves, with a layer of more than 10 centimeters.

Have you tried planting a daffodil outdoors in your area? Leave your message in the comments, and also watch a video on choosing planting material for a daffodil.

Narcissus is a beautiful flower, sung by many poets. Many beautiful legends are associated with it, the most famous of which is the story of a handsome young man who fell in love with his reflection in the river and died of melancholy.

The following describes how daffodils are planted and care in the open field, the selection and preparation of bulbs, fertilization, pruning, reproduction, what varieties are and what diseases can affect this primrose, which is popular with gardeners.

How to plant daffodils outdoors

Choosing a place to plant daffodils and properly preparing the soil are important factors affecting the growth and development of plants.

Proper site preparation for daffodil planting

For this type of bulbous, a sufficiently illuminated place without drafts is suitable. Daffodils feel good in partial shade, but they should not be planted under tall trees or next to buildings. An overly lit area, where the sun beats down from morning to evening, will not suit them either. The only exception will be some light-loving varieties. It is better to choose a place in the country in a light shade so that they bloom longer and the color is richer.

Daffodils will withstand a short flooding by melt water, but they will not be able to live in such soil permanently, since the bulbs will simply rot. To prepare a flower bed or garden bed, you need to remove 30-40 cm of soil and pour drainage into the resulting hole. For this, the following are perfect:

• pebbles;
• expanded clay;
• crushed stone;
• vermiculite.

From above, 8-10 cm of sand is poured onto the drainage, then - nutritious soil. The flower bed must have a drainage in the form of ditches and be above ground level. It is advisable to overlay it with a border made of natural stone or artificial materials.

What soil is needed for planting

If sandy soil prevails on the garden plot, it is made heavier by mixing with clay. Sour needs liming. For this, 300 g of slaked lime is applied per 1 m² one year before planting.

The most fertile soil for daffodils is loamy, although they can be easily grown in black soil and peat. The main thing is that the acidity indicators are close to neutral (pH 6.5-7).

If you add about 400 g of lime to 1 m², the acidity of the soil will increase by 1 pH unit.

The first digging of land for daffodils is carried out in advance, in July. At the same time, about 15 kg of humus is introduced per 1 m². The second time the garden bed is dug up 2-3 weeks before planting and fertilized with phosphorus and potassium (50 g of superphosphate and 30 g of potassium chloride with sylvinite (potassium salt) per 1 m²).

Where are the best places in the flowerbed

Landscape designers often decorate alpine slides, alleys, curbs with daffodils and tulips. It is also practiced planting bulbs in a perennial flower bed next to peonies, pansies and early flowering shrubs (hazel and wolfberry).

Planting daffodils

Planting and caring for daffodils includes a number of mandatory rules, neglecting which, you should not hope for a positive result. In order for a flower to grow healthy and strong, you need to observe planting dates, know the depth and distance between plants, and choose high-quality bulbs.

How to choose healthy daffodil bulbs for planting

Planting and caring for daffodils will not be difficult if you initially select good planting material. The bulbs should be firm, with a dry neck and bottom. The scales are brown or golden, with no signs of decay, dark spots or plaque.

In addition, you need to know what to treat before planting to prevent fusarium and gray rot. The simplest and most effective is a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

What depth to plant

Many are wondering how deep to lay the bulbs so that they do not freeze and germinate in the spring without much difficulty. This parameter directly depends on their size and is equal to three diameters, on average - 12-15 cm. If the soil is loose and light, it is planted deeper, if the soil is heavy clay, it is closer to the surface.

In Latvia, gardeners put small unsalted sprat or capelin under the bulbs, this is an excellent source of potassium and phosphorus.

Forcing daffodil bulbs is a guarantee of flowering

For forcing, daffodils with large and heavy bulbs are best suited. They are soaked in warm water at a temperature of 40-45 ° C for 4 hours. Then they are planted in prepared containers or wooden boxes so that 1-2 cm remain above the surface. The soil between the bulbs is covered with sand and watered well. The containers are sent to a cool place (10-12 ° C) for 3 months.

With the appearance of sprouts 10-15 cm long, they are transferred to heat and looked after like other indoor plants. Buds will appear 2-3 weeks after distillation.

To get flowers on the eve of March 8, you need to start forcing in mid-October.

When to plant a daffodil

Planting daffodils in open ground is carried out mainly in the fall, so that the bulbs take root well and form flower buds. A number of flowers have their own special life cycle, when the root system is actively developing just after the end of the warm season. Narcissists are a prime example of this.

The ideal time for this will be mid-August - early September, adjusted for the climatic conditions of the region.

In the spring, planting daffodils is possible only if the dates for the autumn planting were missed for a number of reasons. This is best done right after the snow melts, around mid-April. There is no need to delay with planting, since late planted plants will develop more slowly and it will take a year or two to wait for them to bloom.

Landing Scheme, or Starting with a Plan

In most cases, daffodils are not planted en masse, since after flowering such a flower bed will lose its decorative appearance due to yellowed drooping foliage. The classic layout is small islands of 5-7 plants, surrounded by perennials (hosts, geraniums, cuffs).

The early varieties of daffodils look interesting in the company of chionodoxes, crocuses, snowdrops, the later ones - with primrose, incense, tenacious.

The landing pattern can be represented in three ways:

1. The bulbs are planted in rows at a distance of 15 cm from each other, row spacing - 20-25 cm.
2. The holes are dug in a checkerboard pattern of 15 x 15 cm, this method is called square-nested.
3. They make a wide hole and put several onions there at once.

Narcissus: care and cultivation

Narcissus is an unassuming and grateful flower. Provide him with minimal care, and he will delight with flowering annually. In one place, daffodils grow well for 5-6 years.

Spring feeding - vitamin cocktail for a flower

In the spring, daffodils are fed with ammonium nitrate.This nitrogen fertilizer has a beneficial effect on all processes in the life of a plant, especially on the growth of green mass.

Phosphorus and potassium are added before flowering - this contributes to the formation of buds and active reproduction of bulbs.

The best varieties for outdoor cultivation

There are more than 25 thousand varieties of daffodils, which form several main groups:

• tubular;
• terry;
• triander;
• small-crowned;
• large-crowned;
• split-crown;
• bell-shaped;
• Jonquill's daffodils;
• cyclamen;
• multi-flowered;
• poetic;
• wild.

For open ground, different varieties have been bred, differing both in the shape of the flower and in size. The best are “maximus”, “king alfred”, “birshiba”, “kantara”, “spring glory”, “fortune”, “ivs”, “damson”, “killigrew”, “gret warley”, “mary copland”, Sunrise.

Many of them are suitable for early forcing and can grow beautifully in a pot. When choosing a planting material, you need to carefully read the description of the variety.

What to plant nearby, or Good neighbors

When planning a flower bed, it is necessary to take into account not only the aesthetic aspect, but also the possible symbiosis of plants. So, next to tulips and daffodils in a flower bed, it is useful to sow crops that scare off flies, such as:

• calendula;
• marigold;
• nasturtium;
• white mustard.

Such a neighborhood will not only look interesting, but also save the flowers from the daffodil hoverfly.

When to plant overgrown daffodils

Daffodil bulbs begin to form daughter, smaller bulbs for 3-4 years. It makes sense to pinch them off the mother plant and plant them separately for growing, the planting depth is slightly less than usual.

You can also propagate a daffodil by dividing the bulb itself. For these purposes, choose the strongest, well-dried. Cut with a sharp blade into several segments with a part of the bottom, after removing the top. Further, the fragments of the onion are disinfected in a weak solution of potassium permanganate and placed in peat for 3-4 months. The substrate temperature should be between 17-20 ° C. During storage, the buds will awaken and give new shoots. After that, they are transplanted into small containers, for example, into plastic bottles. The soil is made up of peat and river sand (3: 1), the containers are placed in the basement before spring disembarkation in a permanent place.

Proper watering and loosening

It is necessary to water the daffodils as the soil dries out; a lack of moisture in the soil should not be allowed. To shed soil to the desired depth, you need 2-3 buckets per 1 m².

Like other crops, daffodils should not be watered in the middle of the day, the best time for this is 6-7 pm. The water should be kept warm.

Daffodils are especially sensitive to water shortages after they have faded. The foliage does not wither for another 30-40 days, and at this moment vital substances accumulate in it, which are subsequently stored in the scales of the bulb.

Watering is stopped when the ground part of the plant withers. In the Moscow region and central Russia, this is the beginning of July, in Siberia and the Urals - a little later.

Weeding and loosening is an important part of the maintenance of this beautiful flower. It is advisable to loosen the soil after each watering, prolonged rain or fertilization, the depth is 3-5 cm.

Fertilizing daffodils

In areas not characterized by high fertility, daffodils are fed several times per season. The first time fertilizers are applied during the period of mass shoots, the second - at the beginning of budding, the third - at the height of flowering. To do this, use a nitroammophoska at the rate of 70 g per 1 m². After flowering, the soil is fertilized with superphosphate (40 g / 1 m²) and potassium sulfate (20 g / 1 m²). On fertile soils, the dose is reduced by 2-3 times, guided by a good rule: "It is better to underfeed than overfeed." Fresh manure can be applied at least one year before planting the bulbs, otherwise the adventitious roots can be burned.

Seed propagation: how you can breed a new variety

It makes sense to grow daffodils from seeds only for the sake of breeding a new variety. Seedlings bloom for 4-5 years, therefore, this method is used extremely rarely among ordinary florists. Another thing is breeders who plant daffodils in huge areas in the hope that at least one will be interesting for further work and consolidation of the variety.

For sowing, freshly harvested, well-ripened seeds are suitable. They are placed in an earthen mixture a few centimeters deep and kept at a moderate temperature until the onions grow. After that, the seedlings can be transferred to open ground.

Seedlings from hybrid seeds do not inherit the characteristics of the parent plant.

Pruning and post-flowering care

When the flower has wilted, the peduncle must be pruned if it will not be used for seed ripening. The entire ground part is removed and burned only after complete wilting. After flowering, watering is gradually reduced, the bush is fed with complex fertilizer. In the fall, the garden bed is mulched to prevent soil freezing.

Major diseases and pests

Growing daffodils in the open field can be complicated if the plants develop any disease. This is often the result of improper agricultural practices. Most often, daffodils affect diseases such as:

• fusarium;
• ring spot;
• gray rot (botrytosis);
• sclerocial rot;
• penicillous rot;
• bacterial scab.

All bulbs are susceptible to viral diseases that can penetrate the soil, through insects (aphids, thrips) or when processing plants with an infected tool. Prevention is the timely culling and destruction of infected bushes.

The most common daffodil pests are:

• click beetles;
• onion hoverfly;
• onion root mite;
• cabbage scoop;
• common bear;
• nematode;
• slugs.

What to do to make daffodils bloom every year

By observing a few simple rules, you can achieve an annual abundant and long-lasting flowering of daffodils:

1. Pruning of the ground part is done only after the leaves have completely wilted (they should turn yellow and lose their elasticity).
2. You do not need to dig up the bulbs every year, let the plants stay in one place for 3-4 years.
3. When grown in poor soil, daffodils need to be fed regularly. Without this, the plants may look healthy and strong, but will not bloom.

Grooming without fanaticism - mistakes in caring for daffodils

Many novice growers violate the timing of planting bulbs, neglecting the peculiarities of the life cycle of a daffodil. Untimely planting threatens the lack of flowering and even the death of the plant. The same goes for fertilization. An excess of nitrogen in the soil as a result of inept feeding with urea or ammonium nitrate promises a rapid build-up of green mass and poor flowering.

Attention! Trimming the tops early is the most common mistake. In this case, nutrients will not have time to accumulate in the bulb, and next year the plant will not have enough strength for normal vegetation.

You should also not neglect the storage of planting material in the refrigerator.

Planting daffodils and care in the open field is not difficult, the main thing is to choose the right time for pruning and replanting, do not forget to water, fertilize and loosen the soil. In response, daffodils will delight with long lush flowering and present a delicate delicate aroma. After all, it is not for nothing that the name Narcissus Poeticus, translated from Greek, means "intoxicating and stunning."

Daffodils, monocotyledonous members of the amaryllid family, are distinguished by one of the earliest flowering, which contrasts against the background of just awakening nature. Flowers full of grace remind people of love and family comfort. And simple planting and caring for daffodils in the open field allows you to make them a decoration of every spring garden.

Daffodils: Planting Outdoors

Daffodils are unpretentious bulbous plants that appear in the garden after the snow melts. However, in order for them to delight the eye with their beauty and health, it is necessary to study all the nuances of planting.

When to plant?

Planting dates, which are determined by soil temperature, depend on the climatic zone of a particular region. The optimal time is considered to be the period during which the soil temperature remains within 8-10 ° C for three weeks. As a rule, planting work falls on the autumn season, but spring sowing is also possible, taking into account the preliminary two-month aging of the bulbs in the refrigerator and the agro-climatic features of the site.

In outskirts of Moscow

Planting of daffodils in the fall in the suburbs is carried out from mid-August to mid-September, which is due to the achievement of the required temperature level of the soil during this period of time.

In the Urals

In this region, the planting of bulbs, conventionally called autumn, is carried out during August. On condition of warm autumn, the period can be extended until the first half of September.

In Siberia

In the Siberian region, planting of daffodils is carried out, as a rule, according to agricultural areas of the Middle strip.

Soil preparation and site selection

When carrying out a complex of planting works, the selection of a site, taking into account the soil composition, is of great importance: the future development of narcissists depends on the correct choice. For healthy plant growth, a well-lit area with loose soil of a neutral reaction is suitable, where cereals, legumes and nightshade crops were cultivated before the planned planting of bulbs.

When preparing the soil to achieve the necessary indicators, the following fertilizers are applied:

• nitroammophoska - 60 g per 1m2;
• humus - 5 kg per 1 m;
• dolomite flour - 200 g per 1 m2 (with limestone soil);
• wood flour - a similar amount (with acidic soil).

The choice of planting material

Three months after the end of the flowering of daffodils, you can come to grips with the issue of acquiring planting material.

Before making a purchase, you should carefully inspect the bulbs for:

• integrity and absence of diseased tissues;
• values ​​- if the diameter of the bulb is less than 5 cm, then it will have to be grown, which will negatively affect the rate of germination.
• hardness.

How to plant?

When the temperature values ​​of the soil reach the required level, it will be possible to start planting the bulbs, guided by the following algorithm of action:

1. Injured, diseased bulbs are examined and discarded.
2. Healthy planting material is placed in a pink manganese solution for decontamination.
3. In the selected area, holes are prepared with a distance of 10 cm from each other if seating is planned, and 20 cm if natural growth occurs in the next five-year period.
4. Sand is placed at the bottom of the holes for better soil drainage.
5. On top are the bulbs, which are sprinkled with soil and covered with a 4 cm layer of mulch from sawdust or straw.

How deep should daffodils be planted?

When preparing the holes, the florist is faced with the fact that the planting material has different analyzes, which means that the depth of the planting hole should be different. When calculating the parameter, it is necessary to take as a basis the triple diameter of the bulb: above the planting material after planting, the soil layer should be equal to two heights of the bulb.

Breeding methods in the open field

Growing daffodils is possible both from seeds and by separating daughter bulbs.

Vegetative way

During the period of active growth, from two to four are formed from one bulb, which, if desired, to obtain new plants, can be separated as follows:

• The bulbs are dug up and cleaned of plant debris.
• Sick, injured bulbs are discarded.
• The remaining bulbs are peeled off, washed under running water and placed in a pink manganese solution for 30 minutes.
• Then the stage-by-stage separation of the daughter bulbs is carried out - the first ones that fall off on their own are separated, then the tightly pressed bulbs swing.
• Divided bulbs are placed in a shaded area to dry. Then they are transferred to storage at a temperature not exceeding 17 ° C.

Advice! If the daughter bulb has come off, the place of the break should be sprinkled with crushed charcoal.

Seed method

Wild species without varietal characteristics that cannot be preserved with the generative method can be grown from seeds.

Wherein:

1. Freshly harvested seeds are sown into the prepared holes and do not worry for the next 2 years, which makes it possible for the bulbs to gain strength.
2. After the allotted time, new plants are transplanted to a permanent place.
3. The first flowering of daffodils multiplied in this way is noted no earlier than 3 years later.

Important! In areas with harsh climates, forcing seedlings can be carried out in boxes.

Daffodil care

To enjoy the beautiful appearance of healthy flowers and inhale their exquisite scent, basic care must be followed.

Watering daffodils and loosening

In conditions of little snowy winters and dry springs, plants need regular watering until the shoots are completely dry: moisture reserves activate metabolic processes in the bulb, which allows them to accumulate the required amount of nutrients. In the absence of a layer of mulch, after each portion of moistening, it is required to loosen the aisles.

Top dressing and fertilization

Growing daffodils in the open field provides for double feeding:

1. During the formation of buds, the flowers are fed with a solution of complex mineral fertilizers with a consumption rate of 5 liters per 1 m2. The solution is prepared from 5 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potassium sulfate and 10 g of urea per bucket of water.
2. During the flowering phase, a mineral complex for flowering plants with a similar consumption rate is introduced under the plants.

Advice! In the case of a sufficient amount of natural precipitation, it is worth using granular complex fertilizers.

Diseases, pests of daffodils and methods of dealing with them

Spring flowers are prone to damage by harmful organisms. Among the diseases, fusarium and rot are distinguished, the protection from which is the pre-planting treatment of the bulbs. Of the pests on daffodils, the narcissus fly, tuberous and onion hoverflies, onion and root mites, slugs, nematodes are often noted, for the control of which a double treatment with insectoacaricidal preparations is used according to the manufacturer's instructions.

What to do after flowering?

If the florist plans to leave the bulbs to winter in the ground for further growth, then the following is done:

1. After drying, the aerial part of the daffodil is cut off.
2. The soil is loosened and cleaned of weeds.
3. In August, in the absence of precipitation, the beds are watered several times.
4. After the first frost, the plantings are mulched with a thick layer of compost or sawdust.

Digging and storing the bulbs

If transplantation or reproduction is planned, then the planting material is dug up and placed in storage.

Main steps:

1. After the shoots have dried, the bulbs are dug up and cleaned.
2. If necessary, children are separated.
3. The dried planting material is stored in a shaded, well-ventilated place.

How and when to transplant daffodils?

Transplanting a bulbous plant is required after 5 years of growth in one place. The procedure is carried out after the completion of flowering and drying of the aerial part in a natural way.

Wherein:

1. The bulbs are removed from the soil, cleaned and sorted.
2. Children are separated from healthy large bulbs.
3. All planting material is dried, calibrated and stored in a dark room.
4. Planting takes place in two months.

So, adherence to simple rules will allow you to decorate the spring garden with graceful, fragrant and very early flowers, which are rightfully considered a symbol of love and beauty.