Raspberry planting and care in the open field in the Urals

Planting and caring for raspberries outdoors

When planting raspberries in the country, it is important to choose a good variety, choose the right place for planting and follow the rules for caring for the crop. Taking into account the characteristics of the plant and the factors necessary for good development, you can grow an excellent harvest.

Raspberry varieties and their differences

Every year, breeders develop new varieties that are more resistant to diseases, pests and weather conditions. They differ in terms of ripening, shape and color of berries, as well as their size.

Repaired raspberry variety Apricot

Raspberry varieties are divided into three categories according to their distinctive features:

• Traditional strains adapt and grow in almost any environment. They are not demanding on the soil, tolerate low temperatures, and quickly multiply by root shoots. The berries of these varieties are small, and the overall harvest is not rich. These include Meteor, Volnitsa, Kirzhach;
• Large-fruited - giving record yields from a bush of large (4-12 g, in some cases up to 20 g) berries. Taste qualities of berries of large-fruited varieties of raspberries are at their best. The shoots branch well, which increases the yield. The best large-fruited varieties: Ruby Giant, Izobilnaya, Patricia;
• Repaired - varieties that bear fruit before frost, giving two harvests per season. Remontant raspberries can bear fruit on one-year and two-year-old shoots, which makes it different from other species. Among the representatives of this species, one can distinguish the varieties Aprikosovaya, Atlant, Bryanskoe Divo.

Planting and caring for regular and remontant raspberries are similar. A feature of their cultivation is the way of pruning the bushes.

Site selection and soil preparation for raspberries

The site for planting raspberries should be well-lit and protected from the wind. The most successful planting of seedlings along the fence or wall of the house on the south side. In this case, the bushes will receive enough light in the summer, the fences will protect the bushes from the wind, and in the winter, trap the snow.

Choosing the perfect place to grow raspberries

If the site is located on a slope, it is worth taking the middle part of it under the raspberries, since in the lowland the bushes can freeze out in winter, or you will have to deal with waterlogging of the soil in spring, during melt water.

Crop rotation rules for raspberries

• Precursors such as tomatoes, potatoes, and strawberries are undesirable for raspberries. The proximity of these crops with raspberries is also best avoided.
• The root secretions of raspberries help protect apple trees and pears from a fungal disease - scab, and an apple tree can save raspberries - from gray rot.
• You can avoid the growth of raspberries by limiting the planting to sorrel. Two to three rows of casing along the contour will increase the acidity of the soil, and the roots will not grow in that direction.
• Berry bushes with proper soil preparation can grow for 10-15 years in one place.

Soil preparation

Raspberries love fertile, light and well-drained soils. To grow it on sandy and peaty soils, it is necessary to annually apply humus and compost to stimulate the activity of microorganisms.

Heavy clay soils are not suitable for growing raspberries as the roots will rot. The acidity of the soil under the raspberry tree should be neutral or slightly acidic.

Soil preparation for the raspberry tree

The soil for the raspberry tree is prepared in advance, digging deeply and applying organic and mineral fertilizers. With an autumn planting - not less than a month, with a spring planting - from autumn. From fertilizers, manure or humus is introduced, urea or ammonium nitrate, superphosphate and potassium salt are added.

Planting raspberries in open ground

Possible spring planting in late March - early April for the Moscow region. It is carried out as early as possible, before the start of sap flow.

Advice

The best time to plant a raspberry tree in central Russia is autumn (late September - mid-October). Raspberries planted during this period will have time to take root by frost, which will help it to winter well in the future.

If it was possible to acquire the desired raspberry seedlings only in late autumn, they are buried in a temporary trench, and transplanted to a permanent place in early spring.

Planting raspberry seedlings in spring

Annual, well-ripened shoots are used as planting material. Reproduction is also possible by root layers, which are laid out in parts in trenches or holes.

Ways to book a raspberry tree

There are several ways to book a raspberry tree:

• Belt - planting of seedlings is carried out in trenches, observing the distance between the rows of 1.5-2 m, the distance in a row is 30-50 cm. A two-line planting in trenches with a distance between the lines of 30 cm is possible. Wire or twine is pulled along the entire length of the row, to with which future bushes will be tied. This method is considered more successful for planting.
• Shrub - when seedlings are planted in separate holes, 40x50x50 cm in size.

Bush method of growing raspberries

• Stamp - you can read about this method in our other article.

Raspberry planting technology

When planting raspberries, it is worth following some rules so that the seedlings begin to bear fruit as early as possible:

• If fertilizers were not applied during the digging of the site, they are applied directly into the trenches or holes, mixing with the ground in order to exclude direct contact of the roots with them.
• Trenches and holes are plentifully spilled before planting with water, at least 2.5 liters each.
• Before planting, the roots of seedlings are dipped in a clay mash.
• Deepen the seedlings 2-3 cm below the root collar. After complete post-planting shrinkage of the earth, the neck will come out, and the bush will develop normally.
• The planted seedlings are covered with loose soil, which is lightly tamped, after which the seedlings are watered again.
• The planted raspberry tree is mulched with peat or humus. With the arrival of spring, mulch is embedded in the ground.

Growing and caring for a raspberry tree in the garden

Raspberry care consists in timely watering, weeding, feeding and pruning of bushes.

Watering and feeding raspberries in the open field

The greatest need for watering raspberries is in the spring at the beginning of the growing season, and in the summer - during the development and ripening of fruits. They are carried out 2 times a month abundantly (20-30 l / m²). Frequent, but meager watering will not be beneficial, since the main part of raspberry roots lies at a depth of 40-50 cm.The last watering is carried out in October - trenches or holes are poured for pre-winter moisture charging of the bushes.

After each watering, the soil in the raspberry bush is loosened to provide air access to the roots, and weeds are removed as necessary. Mulch made from straw, peat or humus can help reduce the frequency of weeding and save raspberries from unexpected drought.

Raspberries respond well to fertilization, especially in the first year of planting. It is better to use organic matter - solutions of mullein or bird droppings.

Fertilizer from mullein for raspberries

Planting is fed 2-3 times a season. In the future, summer dressing can be completely replaced by generous autumn "dressing" of the soil with minerals and organic fertilizers

Raspberry garter

In order for garden raspberries to grow and develop well, planting and care in the open field must include a garter to the supports. Its bushes are quite high and powerful, therefore, the support must be reliable. When bush planting, the fan-shaped method of garter is often used, when stakes are driven in between the bushes. Shoots from different bushes, from low to high, are tied to the stakes.

Garter raspberry to trellis

A raspberry tree planted in trenches requires a trellis garter. The trellis is pulled over the pillars installed along the edges of the row on both sides of the bushes. As the seedlings grow, the rows of trellis are gradually added.

Protection of raspberries from diseases and pests

Whatever variety your raspberries grow, planting care necessarily includes measures to combat diseases and pests.

The main parasites of raspberries:

• raspberry beetle;
• stem fly;
• spider mite.

Advice

As a prophylaxis against pests of raspberries, they use deep digging of the soil in the fall, destruction of plant residues, and covering the bushes in spring with agrofibre.

Processing raspberry ovaries from a raspberry beetle

Fungal diseases of raspberry:

• purple or brown spotting;
• brown trunk ulcers - anthracnose;
• white spot.

Against fungal diseases, prophylactic spraying of bushes in the spring with solutions of nitrophene and Bordeaux liquid is used.

• In case of viral diseases (root cancer, mosaic, curliness), the affected bushes will have to be uprooted and burned.

Seasonal outdoor pruning of raspberries

A good raspberry harvest cannot be achieved without regular and correct pruning of the bushes. This is due to the life cycle of the shoots. It takes two years, after which the shoots die off, interfere with young branches, become carriers of diseases and pests.

Pruning raspberries in spring

Spring pruning is needed to normalize shoots and stimulate their growth. They spend it as early as possible, when the snow melts. Frozen, broken and weak shoots are cut as close to the ground as possible, trying not to leave hemp. 12-16 strong shoots are left per running meter of raspberry, the tops of which are also shortened to the first strong bud.

Important!

All plant waste after pruning must be removed from the site and destroyed.

The next pruning is carried out in the summer, removing all fertile branches to the base. It is not worth delaying this procedure, since the fruit branches of this year have already completed their life cycle and only inhibit the growth of new shoots.

Pruning raspberries in summer to the ground

In autumn, shoots with signs of disease, broken by the wind or technology, are removed in the raspberry tree. You also need to cut out young shoots that did not have time to gain strength over the summer (stem diameter up to 10 mm). You cannot leave the leaves on the branches, they must be removed. When the raspberry is removed, the shoots are tied and bent to the ground. This will help them survive the winter without loss.

Bending raspberries to the ground for the winter

Advice

With autumn pruning, 30-35 shoots are left in the raspberry plant per running meter. This amount allows you to make a stock that will replenish frozen and broken shoots in the spring.

Raspberry overgrowth problem

The growth pattern of raspberries is aggressive. Growing up, it can occupy large areas, forming a distant growth. You need to get rid of it as quickly as possible for several reasons:

• Distant seedlings take a lot of strength and energy from the mother bush;
• Shoots of root suckers are able to clog a large area of ​​nearby areas in a short time.

Support fence to limit the growth of raspberries

Unplanned raspberry growth can be avoided by using underground barriers at the raspberry border. To do this, pieces of slate or boards are driven into the ground to a depth of 40-50 cm. They should rise 10-15 cm above the soil surface. If the shoots nevertheless make their way through the barrier, they are cut out at the root immediately.

Advice

All shoots that are more than 20 cm away from the mother bush must be cut out. You cannot pull the roots out of the ground, you can injure neighboring bushes.

Pruning remontant raspberries

Particular attention should be paid to pruning remontant raspberries. When growing it for harvesting one crop, in the fall all shoots are cut out, while the hemp does not need to be left. In the spring, young shoots will grow, which will yield a harvest at the end of the season.

For two harvests - pruning remontant is carried out in the same way as for regular raspberries. In this case, biennial shoots will give a summer harvest, and annual ones - in the fall.

Outcome

With the right approach to care, growing raspberries in the country does not cause any particular problems. Compliance with the timing of planting and pruning, fertilizing and ensuring timely watering is the key to a good harvest of large and sweet berries.

Raspberry is a delicate berry with a pleasant taste and a rich vitamin composition. Raspberries can be eaten fresh, added to different types of baked goods, rubbed with sugar, frozen, made jam, etc. Raspberry bushes are found in many gardens and home gardens. To grow a culture that yields many fruits, you should learn the nuances of planting and care.

When to plant raspberries: spring or fall?

Planting dates (spring or autumn) depend on the climatic conditions of the region:

• On South the spring is hot, dry, and passes quickly. In the southern regions, it is better to plant raspberries in the autumn: the second half of September-early October. Before the onset of severe cold weather, the seedlings will have time to take root and will quickly grow in spring.
• In the northern regions the spring is lingering, wet - excellent conditions are created for the rooting of seedlings. If the winters are cold, with severe frosts, when planting in the fall, raspberry seedlings often die from the cold.
• In the middle lane raspberries can be planted both in spring and autumn. However, it has been experimentally verified that it is the autumn planting that is more successful.

How to plant raspberry bushes in spring, look at the video:

How to plant raspberry bushes in the fall, the video will tell:

Where to plant raspberries

Site selection

A well-lit area protected from strong winds is required for successful growth and fruiting. When planted in the shade, the shoots will begin to reach for the light, the harvest will be weak.

Predecessors and neighbors

Neighborhood with strawberries, fruit trees, potatoes is not recommended - they are susceptible to the same diseases. You can place a raspberry plant in an area where vegetables, gooseberry or currant bushes used to grow.

Location

The location of the beds in the direction from north to south is preferable: this way the bushes will receive more sunlight. Raspberry bushes are often planted near or along the fence.

The soil

The soil is required fertile, well-drained. Light loams will do. It can be grown on sandy soils, but at least once a season you will need to feed it with organic matter.

How to choose raspberry seedlings for planting

Healthy raspberry seedlings photo

Choose for planting annual seedlings about 1 cm thick with developed fibrous roots. They must be healthy (no growth, root or stem damage).

How to plant raspberry bushes photo and description

Raspberries are planted in a trench or pit method.

It is necessary to prepare the site in advance. In autumn, this is done 1.5 months before direct planting. In the spring, do your preparations a couple of weeks before planting.

Processing raspberry seedlings before planting photo

During planting, it is recommended to dip the roots of the seedling in a solution of fermented mullein and clay or in a solution of a growth stimulator.

Landing in the holes

• In clay or sandy soil for digging, add humus or peat soil, slightly dilute heavy loams with sand (1 bucket per 1 m²).
• Dig 50x40x40 planting holes. Mix the soil extracted from the planting pit with organic matter and fill it back.
• If there was no preliminary preparation of the soil, you should dig the planting holes and fill them with a mixture of the following composition: 10 kg of humus or compost, 400 g of wood ash, 100 g of superphosphate granules, 50 g of potassium sulfate.

Planting a raspberry seedling in a planting hole photo

Distance between raspberry seedlings and rows when planting: Maintain a distance between individual plants of 70-100 cm, between rows - 1.5 m. This is a dimple (bush) planting method, which is preferably used for autumn planting.

How to plant raspberries photo

• When planting raspberries in spring, it is imperative to water the seedlings in order to abundantly moisten the soil in the hole. Humidity is maintained until signs of active growth of shoots and leaves appear, then watered once a week.
• Watering is not necessary in the fall, especially if damp weather is foreseen.

How to plant raspberry seedlings photo

If possible, after watering, mulch the ground around the raspberry bush: this will save moisture, reduce the number of waterings, improve the condition of the soil, its air permeability and the activity of beneficial microorganisms.

Trench landing

You can plant raspberries in a trench way:

• Dig a trench 40-45 cm deep and 50-60 cm wide.
• Place seedlings at a distance of 40 cm from each other.
• Maintain a 1.5 m spacing between furrows.
• If the topsoil is fertile, fill the trench with a small amount of ash. Feed the depleted soil with organic or mineral fertilizers, as described above.
• It is not recommended to add nitrogen fertilizers.

Lower the seedling into a furrow or hole, sprinkle a little with earth, water abundantly and add the rest of the earth. The root collar should be flush with the soil surface. Compact the soil a little, mulch the trunk circle.

Planting raspberries in two rows

Planting raspberries in two rows photo

Raspberry seedlings can be planted in double rows. The method has the following advantages: more intensive planting of bushes, saving space with the convenience of caring for the raspberry tree.

• Paired rows are placed at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other.
• Seedlings in rows are planted at a distance of 40 cm.
• The wide row spacing between the paired rows is 1.5-2 m, depending on the height of the variety.

Planting raspberries in summer

Planting raspberries in summer photo

Raspberries can be planted in summer in June, before the hot season, or when the main heat is already beginning to recede, in the second half of August. By this time, the raspberry tree will already bear fruit and it will be possible to disturb it a little to obtain planting material.It is better if you completely dig up and divide the bushes, because disturbed bushes in the old place will still hurt and will not remain complete along with the main planting.

Dig out the required amount of planting material, divide it into parts with 2-3 growth points and plant in any of the ways you like described above. Summer plantings of raspberries will need to be watered well for the bushes to take root. This method has the advantage: earlier planting will provide better rooting and painless wintering, which is important for regions with harsh winters.

How to care for raspberries in the garden

How to water

In the spring and summer, water only in severe drought, abundantly once a week. More intensive watering is required before flowering, as well as during the laying and ripening of fruits. Pre-winter watering is also important - at this time, the process of laying out growth points takes place and the more moisture saturation is, the more successfully the plant overwinters. When watering, the soil should be soaked by 30-40 cm. The advantage is given to drip irrigation.

Loosen the soil occasionally, remove weeds regularly.

How to trim raspberries

Pruning is an important part of grooming.

• The shoots are biennial: in the first year they develop, in the second they become lignified, bear fruit and die off. Such shoots must be cut to the base after the end of fruiting or next spring.
• Also cut out thin, damaged stems.
• Leave no more than 7 strong shoots in one bush.
• In early spring, prune the stems, leaving them at a height of about 1.5 m - this is the middle part, which gives the best fruits (the spring pruning procedure can be combined with the autumn pruning of old branches). Trim to a strong bud.

How to properly trim raspberries in the fall, look at the video:

Remember that remontant raspberries are recommended to be cut completely under the root in autumn, leaving no shoots. In the spring, she will drive out young branches and by the end of summer and autumn will begin to bear fruit abundantly.

How to cut remontant raspberries in the fall, look at the video:

Do not spare the weak branches of the remontant raspberry. Yes, she can give a spring harvest, but it will be scarce and the berries are crushed. It is much better to shoot not two crops (early and late), but one, autumn.

How to tie up raspberries

Photo of a raspberry on a trellis

Tall bushes should be tied up. Place posts about 1.5 m high between the rows, stretch galvanized wire at a height of 1 m above the ground and tie shoots to it - this is a trellis garter. For the next year, it is recommended to add the lower (30 cm above the soil level) and the upper row (0.5 m above the average). So the shoots will not break off under the weight of the fruit, the harvesting process will be simplified.

Fan garter: drive 2 pegs between the bushes, at different heights tie up part of the shoots of one bush and part of the shoots of another, bending them in an arcuate manner.

What and when to feed raspberries

If the shoots do not grow well, in early April-early May, under each bush, add a bucket of "talkers" (1 shovel of cow dung, 5 g of saltpeter or urea per bucket of water).

To improve the yield in the fall, it is recommended to add organic matter (2-3 buckets of humus or peat with the addition of 100 g of saltpeter or urea under each bush).

Preparing raspberries for winter

In the fall, you need to start preparing for wintering. Remove and burn mulch that has been under the bush for the entire season - most likely pests have settled in it. Dig up the soil, deepening by 8-10 cm. Carry out the pruning: cut out all the old shoots, cut the tops to a height of 1.5 m.

Wintering in the Urals and Siberia

After the above steps, proceed to the shelter. Bend the stems as low as possible to the ground, fix them on the bottom row of the trellis. In winter, raspberry bushes should be covered with snow. Throw it on top yourself if the snow cover is not enough. In a snowless winter, cover with spruce branches.

Diseases and pests of raspberries

Subject to agricultural technology and proper care, diseases and pests are not terrible.

Possible diseases:

• Root cancer - bulges appear on the roots, the berries lose their pleasant taste, the shoots bend, turn yellow, the leaves turn yellow and fall off. It is impossible to cure the plant. Dig up and burn diseased plants. It is not recommended to plant anything on this site for about 2 years.
• Rust - the shoots are covered with dark ulcers, the leaves dry, fall off. In the initial stages, treat the bushes with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid. In advanced cases, the bushes will have to be disposed of.
• Chlorosis is a viral disease carried by aphids. It also happens when watering with cold water, from waterlogging of the soil, lack of nutrients, or when the soil has an increased alkaline reaction. The leaves become smaller, deformed, the shoots do not develop, the berries dry out. Find out the specific cause and correct it.
• Anthracnose - berries dry, gray spots with white edging appear on the leaves. It is necessary to remove the affected areas, treat the bushes with a special preparation (nitrafen).

Pests are: raspberry beetle, raspberry stem fly, spider mite. It is necessary to carry out an insecticide treatment.

Types and varieties of raspberries

There are varieties of raspberries:

1. Garden or traditional - the most hardy species with a regular harvest, yields about 4 kg of berries from one bush. Pay attention to the Malakhovka variety.
2. Repairing - gives the largest number of berries. Bears fruit twice a season.
3. Large-fruited - it has a larger fruit size compared to other varieties. The Izobilnaya variety is remarkable.
4. Yellow or yellow - breeders have bred many tasty berries with a yellow color and record sizes. The most interesting variety is the Yellow Giant.
5. Black or black raspberries - not to be confused with blackberries. Blue-black varieties. A very exotic berry. The best varieties: Coal, Litach, Bristol, Boysenberry, New Logan.
6. Standard raspberry or raspberry tree are powerful plants that do not require a garter. Varieties: Fairy tale, Tarusa, Krepysh, Galaxy.

Repaired varieties: Apricot, Mulatto, Orange miracle, Diamond.

Early ripening varieties: Golden Giant, Cascade, Vega, Cumberland, Glen Ample.

Late ripening varieties: Mirage, Rubin, Stolichnaya.

Raspberries are a delicious berry that appears in late spring or early to mid-summer. She beckons with a view, unique aroma and unsurpassed taste. Almost everyone wants to plant a neat raspberry tree on their personal plot. Therefore, you should decide on the variety and time of planting raspberries in the spring in open ground, and know all the rules and nuances of planting.

When to plant in open ground in spring, in what month

The optimal time for planting raspberries in open ground is spring. The rooting period of young cuttings has a fertile effect on the development of the root system. The accelerated growth of roots is influenced by a well-moistened soil after winter precipitation and melting snow, and there are no actively growing shoots that require the expenditure of strength for growth.

When is the best time to plant raspberries in the spring? Planting is recommended as soon as the last snow melts, then the shrub will have time for its root system to take root and begin to feed from the ground.

But when exactly is it better to plant raspberries in the spring, in what month? As a rule, it is recommended to do this March-April.

Note! Planting raspberries in the spring must be done before the buds appear and bloom.

Some inexperienced gardeners delay planting until late spring and early summer. But this is a completely wrong time for planting raspberries, because it negatively affects the seedlings. Dry, hot weather dries out the soil and does not allow the plant to absorb the nutrient moisture that is trying to survive.

The best time to plant raspberry seedlings in spring is early March-April. But in different regions you should look at the weather conditions.

Advantages and disadvantages of planting in spring

Spring months are the period of activation of the growth of all plants, when young leaves appear on bare trunks. At this time, the seedling takes root best of all and goes actively into development.

There are a number of benefits of planting raspberries in the spring:

1. The soil after the winter cold is saturated with useful elements and minerals, which the young seedling begins to absorb immediately after burrowing into the ground.
2. The soil is well saturated with moisture, which has a beneficial effect on the cutting, which desperately needs nutrient moisture for rapid rooting and growth of young roots.
3. A young seedling manages to take root almost completely before the onset of dry days. This allows the plant to grow by releasing green shoots. In the autumn period there is a possibility of late planting, which entails the likelihood of freezing and death of the plant.

When is the best time to plant - in spring or autumn

Many gardeners are thinking - when is it better to plant raspberries - in spring or autumn. But it is difficult to give an unambiguous answer to this question. Each gardener decides for himself - when it is better for him to plant raspberries: in autumn or spring.

Some believe that the best option is to plant raspberries in the fall (especially remontant ones). The plant manages to nourish itself with useful elements, fully develop the root system, and when winter comes, the plant will be ready for wintering.

Important! Read more about planting raspberries in the fall. in this article.

But on the other hand, when gardeners are planting raspberry seedlings in spring rather than fall, spring planting works best on the shrub. He was given enough time for high-quality deepening, root development and preparation for fruiting.

How to plant in spring - features and step-by-step instructions

To understand how to plant raspberries correctly, the detailed step-by-step instructions below will help. To plant raspberries in the spring, you need to carefully prepare the seedlings, choose a planting site and apply mineral fertilizers. In addition, it is imperative to know what the soil is needed and the degree of burial of young seedlings. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare thoroughly before proceeding with planting.

Video: how to plant raspberries in the spring.

What should be a seedling

Before planting raspberries, the choice of seedlings is important. When choosing a seedling, you should pay attention to its bushiness and the presence of a well-developed root system. It is desirable that the shoot extends from 2 to 4 from the central stem. The thickness of each of the shoots should not be less than 5 mm, and at the same time should not exceed 10 mm.

Rhizomes of raspberry seedlings for planting should not dry out or be brittle. A high-quality seedling has a developed fibrous system, located 10-15 cm in length.

You need to check the kidneys - if they are dry, then such planting material cannot be purchased. Even with careful planting and constant care, the plant will not come to life, no matter how the seller assures of this.

Attention! In the case of purchasing a seedling with the first leaves already available, you need to check that the young leaves do not stand out with a yellow tint and an unsightly appearance. This indicates the presence of a disease or pests in the thickness of the bark.

High-quality planting material is the key to a healthy, well-growing and actively developing young raspberry tree. The above tips will help you successfully plant raspberries with seedlings.

Video: choosing a raspberry seedling for planting

Pick-up location

For planting raspberries, it is recommended to choose a place in advance. It should be sunny, but closed on all sides from drafts and cold winds. It is better if the sun in the morning is slightly shaded by some tree standing to the side, and from the second half of the day the sun's rays will be present on the raspberry tree until the evening.

Important! Raspberries, although they love abundant watering, do not tolerate prolonged stagnation of waters in the lowlands.Therefore, it is worth planting a shrub on a hillock or in places where groundwater does not come close to raspberry rhizomes.

With the correct planting of raspberries, you should not place them next to different types of currants. The latter tends to draw out all the useful elements, depleting the planting of raspberries. The best neighborhood option is pears, apple trees or plums.

At what distance

Raspberries are planted so that a distance of 50-70 cm remains between the bushes. This gap will allow you to move through the plants without damaging your own skin, or delicate leaves or shoots.

The optimal distance will allow you to conveniently harvest and engage in loosening, removing weeds. In addition, plants planted at such a distance do not interfere with a neighbor, and most importantly, they do not absorb other people's nutritional components.

What soil is needed

Raspberries love to grow in light soils, loam or sandy loam. On poor soils, a rich harvest is difficult to achieve, therefore, before planting begins, the land should be thoroughly fed.

For planting, you need soil of neutral acidity or slightly acidic. On alkaline or acidified soils, raspberries will just sit, but not develop and bear fruit.

As a rule, already in the fall, the soil is prepared for planting raspberries in the spring. It is dug to a depth of 25-30 cm, all weeds are removed at the same time. When loosening, humus and wood ash are introduced. The last stage is leveling the evenly loosened soil.

What depth to plant

The depth to which you plant the raspberries is very important. Therefore, for planting, a deepening of the optimal size is dug - 30x30 cm. A pit of such a depth is necessary to add additional mineral and organic fertilizers required for active growth and abundant fruiting.

Half of the dug soil is mixed with fertilizers and poured back into the recess so that the top dressing decomposes during the winter months. And in the spring, young seedlings began to actively absorb and grow at an accelerated pace. Following these steps will help you plant the raspberries correctly.

How and what to fertilize before planting

Up to 4 kg of rotted compost is placed at the bottom of the pit. In addition, it is recommended to apply the following organic and mineral fertilizers:

• 1 glass of wood ash;
• Superphosphate - 20 g;
• Urea or nitrogen fertilizers.

Attention! If you do without top dressing, it will be difficult for the plant to root. There will be no large harvests on depleted soil.

Therefore, if there is a desire to grow a fragrant berry, it is imperative to make organic and mineral dressings in the optimal amount.

Planting methods

There are two ways to properly plant raspberries in your summer cottage.

1) Shrub - most often used for planting work. The advantage of this method is that the soil is not pre-prepared, and all top dressing is carried out immediately during rooting.

A deepening is dug up to 30-40 cm in width and depth. Nutrients mixed with garden soil are placed inside.

A seedling is placed at the bottom in the center, its rhizomes are neatly straightened and covered with earth. When sprinkling with soil, it is recommended to slightly raise the seedling several times, allowing the soil to fall into all unfilled places. Tamp lightly on top.

Below in the photo is a diagram of a bush planting of raspberries:

2) Trench - irreplaceable in industrial production. For planting raspberries in a trench way, the selected area is first prepared. It is cleared of weeds, waste and stones. Then a 40 x 40 cm trench is dug. A gap of 1-1.5 meters is left between the rows.

Important! If the groundwater lies too high on the site, then drainage is laid out on the bottom of the depression. A nutritious layer of soil is laid out on top, onto which a mixture of mineral and organic fertilizers is poured.

Each seedling from each other in a trench is placed at a distance of 50-70 cm from each other. Further steps of planting raspberries in a trench completely repeat the method of rooting by a bush method.

Video: planting raspberries in a trench way (1st and 2nd part).

Features of planting remontant raspberries

Repaired raspberries are somewhat more capricious than usual, therefore, when planting them in spring, you need to take into account some important nuances.

When planting work, the following specific rooting features should be taken into account:

1. An abundance of sunlight is required. If any part is darkened, there will be no harvest.
2. No drafts or winds should bother the crimson beauty, she should always be warm. It is highly recommended to disembark on the south side, which is fenced off from all sides.
3. The soil should be fertile, rich in vitamins and nutrients, and also loose, allowing both water and oxygen to pass through. With the compaction of the soil and insufficient moisture supply to the roots, the plant can quickly die.

Thus, such a raspberry requires increased attention to itself, and when planting seedlings of remontant raspberries, all the features must be taken into account. Poor care can completely destroy a plant with special requirements. But at the same time, the shrub, under special control, gives abundant harvests of large and fragrant berries.

Video: planting remontant raspberries in the spring.

Care after landing

It is important not only to plant raspberries correctly, but also to care for the plant after. To care for raspberries after planting in the spring in the open field, follow these steps:

1. After the completion of planting work, the soil near the seedling is compacted and slightly deepened so that a hole is formed.
2. If, before the raspberry rooted, there were heavy rains and the soil is rather wet, you should not water it additionally.
3. The cutting is immediately carried out to a height of 20-25 cm. It should be checked that unblown buds remain.
4. Top dressing in the first year of life is not required for the plant. A sufficient amount of fertilizer was applied during transplantation to a new place of residence.

Attention! So that the soil under the seedling does not dry out immediately, it is necessary to mulch the soil. Straw or sawdust is perfect for this. According to the advice of gardeners, it is also worth spreading mulch or roofing material between the rows so that the weeds germinate less.

Care cannot be ignored after planting raspberries in the spring. It's pretty simple and doesn't require much effort.

Landing features in different regions

In spring, raspberries are planted in different regions at different times. More detailed information on this issue is below.

Volga region

It is preferable to plant raspberries in the Volga region in spring after the last snow has melted. Residual frosts are not terrible for raspberries, so it will easily endure the last spring frosts.

Middle lane (Moscow region)

It is necessary to plant raspberries (regular and remontant) in the spring in the Moscow region and throughout the Middle Lane not earlier than April. The main thing is that there is no frost on the ground and at the time of planting work the ground does not contain an upper frost crust. Otherwise, the seedling will die.

Ural and Siberia

When is it better to plant raspberries in the spring in Siberia and the Urals? In these regions, raspberries are planted at the very end of spring or even at the beginning of summer. At this moment, warming occurs in the distant regions of our country, at which it is possible to engage in planting work.

Possible mistakes when planting in spring

Many gardeners start rooting raspberries without knowing some of the nuances, so they often make mistakes. In order to plant raspberries correctly, and so that the plant quickly takes root and actively grows, developing and bearing fruit, the following mistakes must be excluded:

• The seedling for planting is of poor quality - a diseased or damaged plant cannot grow.
• Improper planting among trees provokes shading and pumping out of all nutrients fruit seedlings, and in this situation, raspberries can remain "on bare water."
• Planting in the wrong soil... Clay soils of a heavy nature, poorly permeable to air and moisture, are not suitable.
• Planting new seedlings in an old place where raspberries have already grown - such a site is completely depleted. In its place, green manures should be planted, allowing the soil to heal.
• Weak spring pruning, depleting the plant when forcing young shoots.
• Depth too low... The seedling should be rooted so that the aerial neck is not deepened (but a slight deepening of 2-3 is allowed). Stronger rooting threatens with decay.

Simply following the recommendations for planting raspberries in the spring, the rules of cultivation and care, allows you to get a gorgeous shrub on which young berries will abundantly develop. The main thing is to feed and enjoy ripe berries on time.

Video: how to plant raspberry bushes in spring

Raspberry is a common garden shrub. Ordinary varieties begin to bear fruit only in the second year after planting, and yield only one harvest per season.

Repaired raspberries are not very different from other varieties, but they have a significant advantage - they are capable of producing several harvests per year. As a rule, her overall yield is higher. Repaired raspberries are more resistant to diseases and pests common for this culture, therefore, the quality of the fruits is higher. In addition, it is easy to care for.

Another important feature is that almost all remontant varieties are large-fruited.

Unsurprisingly, remontant raspberries are so popular with gardeners. Such varieties are profitable to grow both on personal plots for personal use and on plantations for commercial purposes. We will tell you about the rules of growing, planting and care in this article.

Optimal planting time

Planting remontant raspberries in the open field is carried out both in spring and autumn. The most suitable time is autumn, the period from the end of September to the beginning of October. This is for temperate latitudes.

In more southern regions, planting can be done in late October or early November. In the fall, raspberries take root better, during the winter period they are not exposed to diseases, and in the spring the culture is already ready for intensive growth. However, you can plant it in early spring (before the buds have blossomed).

General advice for planting

Repaired raspberries take root well in light fertile soils. Groundwater should lie at a depth of at least 1 m from the surface of the area where the raspberry tree will be located. Repaired varieties require more light and moisture than regular raspberries.

The plant also needs a lot of heat. If the raspberries are located in the shade, then the ripening time will be postponed, and the harvest will not be plentiful. The area for the raspberry tree should be protected from strong winds (it is better to plant shrubs along the fence, wall of a house or other building).

Soil preparation

Before planting remontant raspberries in the open field, you should pay attention to the characteristics and type of soil. The most suitable type of soil is loam (soil containing clay and significant amounts of sand). The acidity index should be in the range of 5.8-6.7 pH.

If the soil is too acidic, then it is neutralized with dolomite, ground limestone or marl. Raspberries develop well if mustard or rye are poured into the ground 1.5 months before planting. It is not recommended to plant this crop in an area where tomatoes, potatoes or peppers were growing. They deplete the soil, pulling out all the nutrients and trace elements from it.

Step-by-step planting instructions

In the spring

"Prepare the sleigh in the summer, and the cart in the winter."When planting remontant raspberries in spring, the soil must be prepared in the fall. The site is cleared of weeds, the earth is dug up. At the same time, the soil should be fertilized. For each square meter of the plot, it is necessary to add about 2 buckets of humus, a glass of superphosphate and potassium sulphide (instead of them, you can take 200-300 g of complex mineral dressings), the soil is carefully dug up.

An important stage is the selection of a seedling. The plant must have a well-developed root system. The thickness of the stem at the base should be at least 5 mm, and the optimal shoot height should be no more than 20-25 cm. It is easy to check the viability of the seedling.

Before buying, lightly pry the bark of the young shoot. The stem should be greenish. The seedling buds should not be dry. If the root system is dry, then before planting, the seedling should be immersed in water with a growth stimulator for a day. This measure is guaranteed to increase the survival rate of remontant raspberries in the open field.

Next, the landing pits are prepared. Their depth should be about 40-50 cm. The distance between the holes in a row should be about 70 cm, and a distance of one and a half meters or more should be kept between the rows. Immediately before planting, the roots can be dipped in a solution of clay, black soil and mullein. In no case should mineral fertilizers be applied to the pit, so as not to burn the young sensitive raspberry roots.

After that, a seedling is installed, straightening the roots. The planting hole is filled with soil in such a way that the root collar is at the level of the surface of the site.

It should be noted that on sandy soils, the root collar can be at a depth of up to 4 cm. After compaction of the earth, watering is carried out. Pour about 5 liters of water under each bush. After being absorbed, the raspberries are mulched with sawdust, straw, bark or plant residues.

In autumn

As already mentioned, the best time to plant remontant raspberries is autumn. When planting in autumn, the soil is prepared in the spring - it is dug up, while fertilizing it. In the fall, raspberries are planted according to the same algorithm as in the spring.

Care

In the spring

Measures for the care of remontant raspberries begin immediately after wintering, from the first days of March, while the ground is still frozen. At this time, complex mineral fertilizers are introduced into the soil.

Sanitary pruning of shrubs is carried out in mid-April. Dried or damaged shoots are removed and healthy stems are pruned to the first healthy bud. If you suspect a fungal disease, the bushes are treated with a 1% solution of ferrous sulfate. If there are no signs of the disease, then prophylactic treatment is carried out in early May.

In the spring, remontant raspberries are fertilized with complex mineral fertilizers, adding growth stimulants to them. The end of May is marked by preventive pest control. Any biological insecticide is suitable for these purposes.

It is necessary to loosen the soil around the bushes, remove weeds and water every week. Repaired raspberries do not tolerate soil compaction. Loosening should begin in early spring. This procedure is carried out up to 4-6 times per season. The row spacing is loosened to a depth of 10-15 cm, and the ground around the bushes - by 5-8 cm.

Summer

Summer care involves regular watering and loosening of the soil. Water the bush weekly. Tall varieties of remontant raspberries must be tied up during this period. For these purposes, you can use the trellis method, or you can use the peg method.

In the first case, pillars are installed along the planting (approximately every 3 m) and a wire is pulled between them at different levels in two or three rows (at a height of 70, 120 and 180 cm), to which raspberry shoots are tied. If the plantings are single, then separate pegs are used for the garter, which are driven into the ground near each bush.

In the summer, the fruits of the remontant raspberry ripen. Treatment with pesticides from pests and diseases is prohibited - the berries will absorb toxic substances. Intense solar radiation is also harmful for berries. Therefore, during the period of active sun, it is advisable to cover the bushes with a special net.

In autumn

Repaired raspberries are known to bear fruit before the first frost. Autumn care consists in preparing the plant for the winter period. After harvesting, shoots that have borne fruit in the current season are pruned at ground level. In the first year after planting, stems with a height of 20-25 cm are left. Full pruning is carried out only by the second year.

Next, the raspberries are cleaned from plant residues and mulch. It is advisable to burn them, because they may contain pests or pathogens. After that, raspberries are watered for winter. In late autumn, the last loosening and digging of the soil is carried out, after which the soil is mulched with rotted manure or humus (layer thickness - 10 cm).

As a rule, remontant varieties are frost-resistant, and they do not need shelter for the winter. But if severe frosts are coming, then the raspberry tree should be covered with a layer of hay or straw. Uncut bushes must be tied up, bent to the ground and covered with dry foliage.

Care procedures

Watering

Repaired raspberries need regular watering. It is necessary to moisten the soil every week. During dry periods, raspberries are watered more often. The ground under the bushes should always be slightly damp.

Watering is especially important before flowering, during active foliage growth and during the ripening period of berries. The soil should be moistened to a depth of 25-35 cm. Before the winter period, the soil is saturated with moisture, making abundant watering.

The moisture level of the soil should be closely monitored. An excess of moisture affects remontant raspberries even more than a lack of it. Air does not flow to the roots through wet soil, the development of the plant slows down. Shrubs are not watered with cold water. First, it should be infused in the open air. If the raspberry tree is covered with mulch, then the amount of watering is significantly reduced.

Top dressing

Cultivation of remontant raspberries is not complete without top dressing. Due to the abundant fruiting, remontant varieties use a large amount of nutrients, which are spent on the growth of the shrub and the formation of the crop.

High-quality top dressing of the soil before planting should be enough for three years. From the third year, it is already necessary to apply fertilizers.

Raspberries respond well to organics. At the beginning of the growing season, mullein is introduced into the soil, mixed with water in a ratio of 1:10. Poultry droppings diluted 1:20 in water can be used instead. Organic fertilizers are applied 2-3 times per season. Per square meter of land, 3 to 5 liters of liquid mixture is required. Such dressings will saturate the soil with the necessary components for the development of raspberries.

The plant also needs mineral supplements. In particular, remontant raspberries need potash fertilizers. Without potassium, the leaves become smaller, the edges turn brown, the tissues around the veins die off. The plant also needs phosphorus. Without this element, the stems acquire a purple hue, become lethargic and may even die off.

The lack of potassium is replenished with potassium magnesium or potassium sulfate. It is important that there is no chlorine in potash fertilizers. You can fill the lack of phosphorus with superphosphate. For each square meter of soil, it is recommended to add 50-70 g of superphosphate, 20-40 g of potassium sulfate and about 30 g of urea. These substances can be replaced with one complete complex fertilizer (for example, Nitroammophos), which is applied in the spring (60-100 g per square meter).

Repaired raspberries are sensitive to nitrogen deficiency. Nitrogen-containing substances are introduced into the soil in early spring, because in the fall they can extend the growing season of the plant, preventing preparation for wintering. In the absence of mulch, it is advisable to scatter humus every two years under the bushes (5-6 kg per square meter).

Pruning

In the spring, they start sanitary pruning. The shrub is carefully examined. After hibernation, uncircumcised shoots may develop cracks or dry patches.

Such stems are pruned to the first healthy bud. The tops of viable shoots are not touched - pruning them can delay the ripening of fruits and harm the future harvest. These procedures are carried out exclusively during the period of swelling of the kidneys. During this period, it is easy to recognize healthy and damaged kidneys.

If the repair variety in your area gives a lot of root growth, then remove it without hesitation. Only 10-15 shoots are left per square meter, of which one half is replacement shoots, and the other is two-year-old fruiting stems.

At the end of the fruiting period, all shoots of remontant raspberries are cut at ground level (only 3 cm above the surface are left). These varieties are vigorous. Next year the raspberries will grow back, yielding the same harvest. This procedure will protect the plant from diseases and pests in the winter. There is also another approach.

Only the tops of the stems are cut off. This allows you to stretch the fruiting period in the next season, because the berries will ripen not only on annual, but also on two-year shoots.

Reproduction

Root offspring

Reproduction of remontant raspberries using root suckers is not always possible, because many varieties practically do not form root shoots. The method consists in digging out root processes and transplanting them to another place.

The largest amount of material for propagation is given by bushes at the age of 4-5 years. When the processes have reached a height of 7-10 cm, they are dug up and planted. They are shaded from the sun and watered regularly. After two weeks, the offspring take root, they no longer need protection from the sun. By the fall, they get good seedlings, which are planted in a permanent place.

Root cuttings

After the autumn harvest, the root of the plant is dug up, a root with a diameter of at least 2 cm is selected and divided into pieces 10-12 cm long.They are planted on a separate bed, the depth of the holes should be from 6 to 8 cm.In the spring, they will sprout, which regularly watered, mulched and fed. And by autumn they will be ready for transplantation to a permanent place.

Green cuttings

Green cuttings are harvested in late spring. For these purposes, annual stems are suitable, which have separated from the mother bush with a small root. They are dug up, then cut off at a height of 4-5 cm (the shoot should have a leaf rosette) and planted in a greenhouse (in a mixture of river sand and peat).

The stalk is intensively watered, fed and protected from diseases, after successful rooting, the greenhouse is regularly ventilated. You can also dip the cuttings into a growth promoter solution. This will increase the survival rate. After successful rooting, they are transplanted to a permanent place.

Which remontant raspberry variety should you choose?

Today there are a large number of varieties of remontant raspberries. Because of this, the choice is somewhat difficult.

Here's a quick reference to help the gardener:

• early varieties: Hercules, Eurasia, Diamond;
• late varieties: Heritage, Zyugana, Erica;
• large-fruited varieties: Cap of Monomakh, Golden Autumn, Bryansk Divo;
• varieties with the best taste of berries: Apricot, Orange Miracle, Firebird;
• high-yield varieties: Atlant, Eurasia, Indian Summer.

And this is just a small list of varieties of remontant raspberries. Everyone can choose a variety for themselves, depending on individual preferences. When choosing raspberries, also pay attention to the timing of fruiting and the preferred growing region. Have a good harvest!