Canna planting and care in the open field for the winter

Canna (lat. Canna) is a monotypic genus of the Cannaceae family, the order of gingerbread, has more than 50 species of herbaceous plants. The natural habitat is South America, India, China. Introduced to Europe in the 16th century by Portuguese sailors, but cultivated since the middle of the 17th century. Translated from Greek, the name of the flower means "reed". Indeed, the canna stem is similar to this plant.

The name is translated from Latin as "pipe". An ancient legend says that Cannes grew up on the site of the ashes of a fire in which one Indian chief burned a peace treaty rolled into a wampum - a pipe, which led to a bloody war, and the bright red petals of cannes resemble the flames of that fire and spilled in a cruel war blood. Flower growers appreciate cannes due to its beautiful flowering, large decorative leaves, painted in a dark green, dark purple, red-bronze or even purple hue.

At first glance, it may seem that the canna is an incredible hybrid of a banana and gladiolus or an orchid. The plant has only two drawbacks: in our climate, wintering in the open field is problematic and the flower has no aroma. For the rest - only dignity. Cannes practically do not get sick, are unpretentious, drought-resistant, even beginner growers can cope with them. Cannes will decorate your garden without hassle, and bloom will last from the end of June until the first frost.

Description of cannes

How to care for a canna in the garden photo

The root system of the canna is branched, it grows in breadth. Peduncle stems are thick, high (from 60 cm to 3 m), erect. The leaves are powerful, large, pointed, reach 25-80 cm in length, 10-30 cm in width, the leaf shape is oblong or elliptical, the leaf plate is smooth. The stems and leaves are colored deep green. The color and shape of the leaves already makes the plant attractive, but when it blooms, you will see beauty and harmony.

The flowers are dioecious, sharply asymmetrical, the size is 4-8 cm, the original color is red, but varieties of yellow, pink, orange, bicolor, speckled, with a border have been selectively bred. Even white cannes are very rare. Flowers are collected in racemose or paniculate inflorescences. After flowering, the fruit is formed in the form of a three-celled capsule.

Growing cannes from seeds

Cannes seeds photo

Cannu can be propagated by seeds and vegetatively.When propagated by seeds, varietal differences can be lost, especially since not all varieties are tied to the seeds, the ideal breeding method is to divide the rhizome. But if you are interested in breeding, you can try planting seeds. The seeds have a very hard shell, which must be softened before sowing. You can scald the seeds with boiling water and hold them in warm water in a thermos for 3-4 hours, or hold them on a hot battery for 12 hours.

You can act with cold - freeze in the refrigerator for a couple of hours. Seeds are sown in February. Use a lightweight soil (for example, a universal peat-based substrate in a 1 to 2 ratio). It is better to sow each seed in separate containers, peat pots are ideal. The soil must be moistened, the seeding depth is 2 cm. Cover the crops with foil and place in a well-lit place, maintain the air temperature at 22-23 ºC.

Canna seed photo shoots

Seedlings will appear in 3-4 weeks. When the first sheet appears, the film must be removed. Seedlings need good watering, regular fertilizing with complex fertilizers and periodic spraying. In early summer, the seedlings can be taken out to the greenhouse and kept at 16 ºC until they are planted in the garden. Healthy seedlings should have 3-4 leaves and reach a height of about 20 cm. You can plant them in open ground when the threat of even the slightest frost has passed. Plants from seeds will bloom the following summer.

Canna propagation by dividing the rhizome

How to reproduce cannes photos

The most reliable way to get flowering in the same year is to propagate the plant by dividing the rhizomes (tubers). Do this in March or early April. Each section is a separate tuber, if they are located very close to each other, then it is better to leave both. Treat the cut site with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or crushed coal. It is better to grow tubers in boxes of sand.

The bud (tuber) is placed horizontally, sprinkled with sand, from time to time sprayed with warm water. Germinate at a temperature of 20-24 ºC, you can slightly warm the soil from below. When the buds germinate and the first leaf appears, provide good lighting and an air temperature of 16ºC. Water every 10 days with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 10 liters of water). The appearance of yellow leaves indicates a fungal infection - increase the concentration of manganese. You can do without growing, but when planted directly into the soil, the cannes may not start or bloom this year.

When and how to plant cannes in the garden

• With the retreat of spring frosts, you can begin to prepare a place for planting cannes.
• It should be a sunny area, protected from drafts, the soil needs fertile, warm, rich in organic matter.
• The needs of the flower are similar to the vegetable crop of the cucumber. The optimal composition of the soil is considered to be a mixture of humus, leafy soil, coarse sand and peat in equal proportions. Be sure to provide good drainage.
• Experienced flower growers recommend planting cannes after May 9th. From a possible sharp temperature drop, the canna can lag behind in growth for a long time, respectively, the flowering period will be delayed or not at all.

So, when the threat of frost passes, and the earth warms up to 8-10 ° C, you can plant cannes in open ground. To get the most out of the plant, make a warm bedding for it: at the bottom of the planting hole, about 50 cm deep, lay a 15-cm layer of fresh manure or any organic matter that will give the roots warmth and provoke intensive growth and good flowering. Next, a 25 cm layer of soil is poured. Moisten well and place the canna rhizome in the hole, dig in. If the tuber has not sprouted, then the planting depth should be 6-9 cm. There should be a distance of 0.4-0.5 meters between plants and rows. Canna should bloom about 1.5-2 months after planting.

How to plant cannes, we look at the video:

Canal garden care: watering, diseases and pests

During the growing season, cannes need to be fed a couple of times with mineral fertilizers.Do it this way: after watering, scatter the granules around the plant and loosen the soil. For 1 m2, 40-50 g of a mixture of fertilizers is needed (10 g of potash + 12 g of nitrogen + 25 of phosphate).

Watering should be done regularly, but in moderation, until shoots appear. With the formation of flowers, watering must be intensified, but waterlogging must not be allowed, because fungal or bacterial diseases can occur, fraught with blackening and death of the buds. After flowering, watering is gradually reduced, and then completely stopped.

The succulent canna leaves are to the taste of the caterpillars, and the rhizome can damage nematodes. Insecticides will help in the fight against them.

Faded inflorescences must be cut off. Remove weeds, especially in the first half of the growing season. To protect the root necks of the canna from freezing, immediately after the end of flowering and before the onset of frost, they need to be spilled high. After the first frost, cut off the stems of the plant at a height of 15-20 cm, dig out the rhizome together with an earthen lump.

How to store cannes in winter

When to dig a cannu

When to dig cannes and how to store in winter

How to save Cannes for the winter? Cannes are usually dug up in late September or early October and transferred to storage until spring. Best stored in a cool place with ambient light and moderate humidity. Fold the rhizomes in boxes, sprinkle with sand, peat and non-coniferous sawdust. The moisture content of the soil should be about 50%, and the temperature around + 6-8 ° C. Regularly inspect cannes rhizomes for decay. If you find a tuber infected with rot, cut it to a healthy area, be sure to treat the cut with iodine. Protect tubers from extreme temperature changes.

Cannes in winter in an apartment

If there is no special room, you can store the tubers in the refrigerator. Dig up the roots in the fall, rinse under running water from the ground, hold for 24 hours in a disinfectant solution of manganese (very weak, pink), dry well, wrap each tuber in paper and put in a container designed for storing vegetables. Also check periodically for rot.

You can store dried cannes roots on the balcony: place them in a plastic bucket and sprinkle with dry earth. In severe frosts, you need to bring a bucket into the apartment, the tubers should be laid out under the balcony door on the floor.

The rhizome can still be stored in the potting soil, keeping the temperature up to 15 ºC. You can put the pot on the veranda, attic or glazed loggia. Moisten the soil a couple of times a month. In warm regions without frosty winters, you can dig up the rhizomes of the cannes and store them on the site, avoiding flooding with water and protecting them from the wind. Cover the tubers with dry sawdust in a layer of 20 cm.

Home canna: how to care for a flower at home

Ampel canna Cleopatra Cleopatra photo

Cannu can be successfully grown in pots or tubs. This applies to species and varieties that can fit in a house, apartment, balcony or terrace. Due to its decorativeness, the indoor canna will become a real center of the flower arrangement of your winter garden. For a home canne, a dormant period of two months is enough, and the rest of the time it will delight you with gorgeous foliage and bright flowering.

Care and proper watering

Cannu is grown at home like any other houseplant. In the fall, you can dig a garden canna, the soil around the plant should first be watered with an insecticide in order to destroy insects and not bring them into the house, transplant the canna into a pot or tub with a diameter of 0.5 m.

It is easier to care for a canna at home than in gardens. There is no need to spray, control weeds, feed and loosen the soil. Give it a place with good lighting, water it with softened, settled water as needed, occasionally wipe the leaves with a damp soft cloth or sponge. After flowering, the leaves will remain bright and delight with beauty.

Dormant period

When the home canna needs rest - after flowering - gradually reduce watering until it stops. Cut the leaves at a height of 10-15 cm from the root, transfer the pot to a cool dry place, the temperature should be at least 10 ° C.

In the spring, the rhizome is removed from the pot, the tubers are divided and planted. You can plant them in pots or in the garden.

Types and varieties of cannes with names and photos

Canna Indian Canna indica or Canna fiorifera

Canna Indian Canna indica or Canna fiorifera

The progenitor of almost all types of cannes. The cultivated varieties of Indian cannes obtained as a result of selection were named garden canna. These hybrids are classified into three groups.

Cannes Crozi (french cannes)

Canna garden variety Livadia photo

They are considered dwarf species (60-160 cm), their flowers are similar to gladioli. The dark green or purplish pink leaves are covered with a white donned.

Varieties:

• Livadia: up to a meter in height, red-crimson flowers appear on a peduncle 25-30 cm long, petals have a limb, begins to bloom in July;
• America: 120-140 cm high, blood-red flowers 12 cm in diameter, inflorescence length 30-35 cm, purple leaves, blooms in July;
• President: up to 1 meter high, bright red bloom on a peduncle 30 cm high, the color of the leaves is standard - green, from July it begins to bloom.

Orchid cannes

Canna yellow suevia kanna suevia photo

A tall species with a height of 1-2 m. The flowers are large - 12.5-17.5 cm with thin corrugated edges, resembling Cattleya in shape. The leaves are green, may have a purple tint.

Varieties:

• Andenken an Pfitzer (Andenken an Wilhelm Pfitzer): 110-140 cm high, the inflorescence reaches a length of 30 cm, the color of the flowers is bright orange with red strokes, the leaves are brown-purple, begins to bloom in July;
• Suevia: up to a meter tall, lemon-colored flowers 12 by 15 cm in size appear in mid-July, leaves are green;
• Richard Wallace: height about one meter, flowers are light yellow in color with red dots, the length of the inflorescence is 20-25 cm, blooms in July.

Deciduous (small-flowered) cannes

Canna durban photo Growing in the garden

They grow up to 3 m in height, the leaves are very beautiful, painted green, purple, violet-green, small flowers - no more than 6 cm in size, this species is rarely grown in culture.

Durban is the most famous small-flowered canna variety. The flowers are yellow-orange, the color of the leaves is more interesting - in a pink-yellow-bronze-green strip.

Canna Alberich Canna Alberich photo

It is difficult to find words to describe the emotions and feelings that you experience when you see these amazingly beautiful flowers. Proper cultivation of canna: planting, timely care for it - will allow everyone to enjoy its amazing view and continuous flowering.

A few words about the plant

Canna is a monoculture, that is, the only representative of the Cannaceae family. Under natural conditions, it grows in South and Central America, China, Indonesia, India.

The flower has thin erect stems that grow in height in some varieties up to 3 m.The leaves are lanceolate or oblong, rather large, can grow up to 80 cm in length and up to 25 cm in width.

Canna reveals its splendor during flowering. The main color of its buds is red, although breeders have managed to breed varieties with yellow, white, orange, pink and even two-color petals - speckled or edged. The flowers grow up to 8 cm, they are bisexual, asymmetrically located on the flower arrow and are collected in an inflorescence - a panicle or a brush.

The flower has only two drawbacks: it does not tolerate our winter in the open field and has no smell. Among its advantages, gardeners distinguish the following:

• very rarely gets sick;
• growing rapidly;
• easy growing;
• easy care;
• decorates the site with its flowering until late autumn.

If the buds have been pollinated by insects, brown large seeds have time to ripen. They can be used for breeding.

Cannes growing methods

Flower cultivation comes from seeds or rhizomes, divided in the fall. Sprouting tubers at home or growing a plant from seeds is a must for our climate.

How to grow canna from seeds

The best time to sow seeds is the end of January or the beginning of February.

Important!

Growing canna in this way is more suitable for breeding work, since seedlings obtained from seeds in most cases do not retain varietal and species characteristics.

In order for the seeds to germinate well, their strong shell must be destroyed. To do this, you can use one of the following methods:

• pour over boiling water;
• hold for 3-4 hours in a thermos with warm water;
• put in the snow for 2-3 hours or in the freezer for 1 hour;
• destroy by mechanical action.

Advice

If you ignore this procedure, seed germination will deteriorate, and the emergence of seedlings will be delayed.

Then the seeds are soaked for 24 hours in a growth promoter and only then are planted in a container with soil, the temperature of which before sowing should be at least 22 ºC. They are sealed to a depth of 7-10 mm, watered, covered with a film (glass). The first shoots will appear in about a month. When 3-4 leaves grow on them, they are dived (planted) in separate pots, in which the flowers are located before planting in open ground.

Advice

After picking, young seedlings are placed in a room where the temperature does not exceed 16-18 ºC.

How to grow from rhizome

Growing a flower from a rhizome is considered the easiest and most reliable way. At the end of March or the beginning of April, the stored rhizomes are cleared of the ground, their dried parts are removed. The division is based on the number of tuberous buds. When there are 2 kidneys next to them, they should be left together.

The resulting sections should be treated with a manganese solution diluted in a ratio of 0.2 g of manganese powder per 1 liter of water. For the same purpose, you can take wood ash. Processing is carried out in order to prevent infection of tubers with fungal infections.

The divided rhizomes are planted shallowly in a prepared soil mixture consisting of sand, peat and black soil, taken in equal parts. The first leaves appear quickly - in 2-3 weeks. After their germination, the flower is removed to a cool, but sufficiently lit place with a temperature of 16-18 ºC. Such conditions are necessary so that the young plant does not stretch. Caring for him consists in timely watering and maintaining the desired temperature.

Landing in open ground

If in the spring it is planned to plant a cannes in open ground, then in mid-April it should be taken out and prepared for new conditions for it. To do this, every day in sunny weather it is necessary to take it out into the fresh air.

Planting is carried out after the end of the frost. The flower prefers a sunny area, protected from drafts, with light fertile soil. Before planting, drainage is laid in the hole, consisting of the following components:

• manure or hay (20 cm layer);
• soil (layer 25-30 cm);
• fertilizers.

Such a "pillow" will warm the roots, stimulate the intensive growth and flowering of the canna. You can plant it after intensive watering of the hole. Planting depth - 20-25 cm. The distance between the planted bushes is about half a meter. It usually takes up to 2 months from planting to flowering.

How to care

Further care consists in watering, loosening the soil, combating weeds and feeding.

Leaving involves feeding three times a season. Once every 10 days, when watering, grains of manganese are placed under each flower (or diluted in water in an amount of 2 g per 10 liters of water). It is required to stimulate flowering.

The best types of fertilizers are mineral (containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and organic.

Their introduction is carried out by the root method: after watering, fertilizer granules are scattered around the bushes, and the soil is loosened.Before flowering, with an interval of 2 weeks, you can feed chicken droppings diluted in water 1:10.

Water the plant regularly, but in moderation. Abundant watering is necessary for a flower only before it blooms.

Important!

When watering canna, do not overdo it. An excess of moisture will provoke the development of bacterial and fungal diseases.

Care includes preserving the decorative appearance of the canna. To do this, she regularly needs to cut off faded flowers.

Growing cannes at home

Growing canna is also possible at home - it is bred as a pot (tub) plant. In order for it to feel good and grow in winter, it is important to know some of the features of its cultivation at home.

In order for a flower to grow at home, it is enough to dig it out of the ground and place it in a pot for indoor plants with a diameter of at least 50 cm, having previously watered the garden soil with an insecticide. Such a procedure is necessary to avoid insects from moving into the premises.

Caring for a plant at home is even easier than in a flower garden. No need to spray it, remove weeds and loosen the soil. It is enough to put in a lighted room, water and feed with fertilizers. The indoor canna is in a dormant period for only 2 months, and the rest of the time it pleases with its beauty.

Proper and timely home care will preserve the beauty of the canna even after flowering is complete.

Plant after flowering

Indoor canna after flowering needs some rest. It is necessary to reduce watering daily, and then completely stop it. Then the leaves are cut off and the pot with the plant is placed in a cool place where the temperature is at least 10 ºC. In the spring, the roots are removed from the soil, divided and planted in pots or open ground.

If the canna grew in the garden, then after flowering it also does not need abundant watering. It gradually shrinks and then stops. As soon as the first frosts begin, the stems are cut off, and the rhizomes are dug up along with the ground.

Important!

Nutrients are localized in the rhizome only after a cold snap. If you dig up flowers before frost, the roots will not receive the supply of substances necessary for wintering.

Before storing cannes, the rhizomes should be dried in the shade for 2-3 days. It is better to spread them out under a shed or in a barn.

How to store

There are two ways to save the plant until spring:

• in boxes or boxes;
• in flower pots.

If the first option was chosen, then before digging up it is necessary to prepare the soil: mix equal amounts of peat, sand and sawdust. After removing the rhizomes from the ground and drying, they are placed in containers, sprinkled with soil and, if necessary, slightly moistened. The best storage temperature is + 8-10 ºC.

Advice

The entire storage period of the tubers must be viewed. Rotten parts are cut off, sprinkled with charcoal, cinnamon or ash.

With the second storage option, you can simultaneously save flowers until spring and enjoy their appearance in winter at home. The main thing is to have time to dig them up before the onset of frost. Care during this period is slightly different. Cannes should be placed in a lighted place, fed and watered.

If several varieties of canna are put into storage at the same time, it is recommended to attach a tag with its name to each rhizome. This technique will help in the spring when planting to create a unique composition, taking into account the characteristics of each variety.

To grow a flower, it is important for him to create conditions close to his relatives. In summer, it is warm and abundant in moisture, in winter, moderate watering and coolness. The florist's reward for reverent and proper care and patience will be a healthy and strong appearance of the plant, abundant flowering.

Canna (lat.Canna) - a genus of the monotypic family cannabis (lat. Cannaceae) of the order gingerbread, numbering more than fifty species of herbaceous plants. In nature, they grow in Central and South America, India and China.They were brought to Europe by Portuguese sailors in the 16th century, but they began to cultivate cannes only in the 17th century. In translation from Greek "canna" means "reed". Indeed, the stem of the canna bears a resemblance to this plant. In Latin, "canna" means "pipe", and an ancient legend says that canna flowers grew on the site of a fire in which one of the Indian leaders burned a wampum rolled into a pipe with a peace treaty, thereby provoking a bloody war, and bright red petals the cannes looked like the tongues of that fire or the blood shed in that war. For flower growers, the value of canna is not only in beautiful flowering, but also in large decorative leaves of dark green, dark purple, red-bronze and even purple shades.

Cannes flowers - features

At first glance, the canna flower looks like a hybrid of a banana with a gladiolus or orchid. The plant has only two drawbacks: in our latitudes it hibernates badly in the open field and does not smell at all. All other characteristics are solid advantages. The main one is that the plant is almost not sick with anything, so growing canna will not cause trouble even for a novice florist. Canna, for all its beauty and decorativeness, is generally unpretentious, drought-resistant, and decorates the garden with flowering from the end of June until the very frosts.

Cannes rhizome branches, expanding in breadth. Flowering stems are erect, thick, high (from 0.6 to 3 m). The leaves are large, powerful, pointed, oblong or elliptical, reaching 25-80cm in length and 10-30cm in width. The shape and color of the leaves makes the plant attractive even without flowers, but only when the canna blooms, you will understand what beauty and harmony are. The flowers are sharply asymmetric, bisexual, 4-8 cm in size, the original color is red, but today, thanks to the work of breeders, varieties of yellow, pink, orange flowers have been bred, there are two-color ones, with a border and even speckled. White cannes are the least common. Flowers are collected in paniculate or racemose inflorescences. The fruit is a three-celled capsule.

Cannes varieties

Canna is Indian.

The progenitor of almost all types of cannes popular today is canna indian (Canna indica). The cultivated varieties of Indian Cannes, obtained as a result of many years of selection, are called garden canna. Florists divide these hybrids into three groups:

Cannes Crosey

undersized species (60-160cm), the flowers of which resemble gladioli. The leaves, covered with a white bloom, have a dark green or purple-bronze hue, the petals of the flowers are folded back. The first hybrid by the French breeder Crozi was created in 1868, and this garden canna was named Crozi canna or French canna. The best Cannes Crozy varieties: Livadia (up to 1m high, red-crimson inflorescences 25-30 cm long, purple leaves, blooms from July), America (120-140 cm tall, cinnabar-red flowers 12 cm in diameter, inflorescence length 30-35 cm, purple leaves, blooms from July), The president (up to 1 m tall, bright red flowers in inflorescences about 30 cm long, green leaves, blooms from July), etc.

Orchid cannes

in the shape of a flower, they resemble Cattleya. These are tall varieties (1-2m) with large flowers (12.5-17.5 cm), the petals of which have corrugated edges. The leaves are green or purple-green. Popular varieties: Andenken an Pfitzer (110-140 cm, inflorescences up to 30 cm long consist of bright orange flowers with red strokes, the leaves are brown-purple, blooms from July), Suevia (height up to 1m, lemon flowers, inflorescence 12x15cm, green leaves, blooms at the end of June), Richard Wallace (up to 1 m tall, flowers are light yellow with red dots in inflorescences 20-23 cm long, green leaves, blooms from July), etc.

Deciduous (small-flowered) cannes

They grow up to 3m in height, have very beautiful leaves of green, purple and violet-green colors, but the flowers of these cannes are small, the size does not exceed 6 cm, they are rarely found in culture. The most famous variety of small-flowered canna is Durban: yellow-orange flower, striped leaves, pink-bronze-yellow-green - a real decoration of any garden.

Growing cannes in the garden

Sowing cannes seeds

Cannes seeds often do not retain varietal characteristics, and not all varieties set seeds, so the best way to breed cannas is to divide the rhizome. But if you are passionate about breeding, you can try seed propagation as well. Cannes seeds are distinguished by a very hard shell, which must be softened before sowing. Scald the seeds with boiling water and keep them in a thermos in warm water for 3-4 hours. Or within 12 hours on a hot battery. Or freeze it for 1-2 hours in the refrigerator. You need to sow seeds in February, the soil should be light, the temperature is 22-23 ° C, the room should be in partial shade. Seedlings appear in 3-4 weeks, and when they have 3-4 leaves, dive them into separate pots, in which they will be kept at a temperature of 16ºC before planting in the ground. Some seedlings may bloom already this year, and some will bloom only next year.

If you are interested in the most reliable way to get flowering cannes in summer, then at the beginning of March divide the cannes tubers so that each cut has one large bud or several weak ones, sprinkle the slices with crushed coal, dry them. Fold the cuttings tightly to each other in a greenhouse container on the ground (sand), placing the bud horizontally, sprinkle with sand on top and sprinkle with warm water from time to time. Germination is carried out at a temperature of 20-24 ºС, it would be nice to slightly warm the container from below. When the plants that have released the leaves become crowded, plant them in small pots and move them to a bright room with a temperature of no higher than 16 ºC, so that they grow and grow stronger before planting in the ground, watering them with a solution of potassium permanganate (2g per 10l of water) once a decade. You can do without growing at home, but abandoning it will greatly postpone the flowering time: if you plant non-sprouted tubers in the ground, the canna may not have time to bloom at all.

When to plant cannes.

When the spring frost has passed, you can start preparing the site for Cannes. Canna loves draft-free, sunny areas, fertile, organic-rich and warm soil. Canna needs are the same as the popular cucumber vegetable. The optimal composition of the soil is as follows: humus, leafy soil, coarse sand and peat in equal parts. Good drainage is a must! As for the question of when to plant cannes, experienced flower growers advise to do this no earlier than May 9, because from a possible sharp temperature drop, which sometimes happens in spring, the canna in the garden will lag behind for a long time in growth, and at best, the flowering time will be delayed, and at worst the canna will not bloom at all.

Cannes planting and leaving

Planting cannes in the spring.

So, in the second half of May, when the risk of frost will no longer threaten the life of plants, cannes are planted in open ground. If you want to get the most out of the canna, make a hot "bedding" for it: a 20 cm layer of fresh manure is placed on the bottom of the planting pit with a diameter of 50-60 cm, which will give warmth to the roots of the canna and provoke it to intensive growth and violent flowering, then Manure is poured with a 25 centimeter layer of soil, moistened well and only after that the canna rhizome is placed in the hole and added dropwise. If the canna bulb did not have time to germinate, then the planting depth should be no more than 6-9 cm. The distance between plants, as well as between the rows, should be half a meter. From the moment of planting in the ground to the moment of flowering, it takes from one and a half to two months.

Maintenance of the garden bath.

During the growing season, the cannes need to be fed with mineral fertilizers two or three times: after watering, the granules are scattered around the plants, and then the soil is loosened. For 1m2, 40-50 g of the mixture will be required (10 g of potassium fertilizer, 12 g of nitrogen and 25 g of phosphorus). As for the rest, caring for a cana is very simple.Watering is necessary regularly, but in moderation, until shoots appear. When the canna blooms, watering should become more abundant, but do not overdo it: waterlogging can cause fungal or bacterial diseases, leading to blackening and death of the buds. Sometimes canna leaves damage butterfly caterpillars, and roots damage nematodes. Use insecticides to control them. Do not forget to cut off the faded inflorescences. In the first half of the growing season, watch for the appearance of weeds and remove them in time. At the end of flowering and before the first frost, the cannes must be spud very high in order to protect the root collars from possible freezing.

Canna at home

Growing cannes at home.

Canna is also successfully used as a pot or tub plant. In any case, those types and varieties of it that are placed in an apartment, on a terrace or on a balcony. Homemade cannes, thanks to their bright decorativeness, become the center of the flower arrangement of any winter garden. In addition, the home canna only needs a two-month rest period, and the rest of the year it is ready to tirelessly delight your eye with the beauty of its leaves and flowers. Cannu can be grown at home in a pot, like any other houseplant, or you can carefully dig a cannu in the garden in the fall and transplant it into a tub or pot with a diameter of 50 cm, after spilling the garden soil with an insecticide to avoid transferring insects into the house, which can damage the flower.

Bath care at home.

Caring for a cana at home is much easier than in a garden: you do not need to spray the plant, fight weeds and loosen the soil, you do not need to feed. Place it in a well-lit place and water it as needed with settled water, sometimes wipe the leaves with a damp sponge. Even when the canna has faded, the leaves will still be bright and beautiful.

Cannes after flowering

If your home canna is blooming and needs rest, gradually reduce the watering until it stops. Cut the leaves at a height of 10-15 cm from the base of the plant and place the pot in a cool, dry place with a temperature of at least 10 ° C. In the spring, remove the rhizome from the soil, divide, and plant the cuttings. You can leave them to grow in pots at home, take them out on the balcony or plant them in the garden - it's up to you.

Garden cannes at the end of flowering also do not need a lot of water, so watering should be gradually reduced, and then stopped altogether. Before the first frosts, you need to spud the cannes high in order to protect the root collars from freezing, otherwise they can rot in winter, and immediately after the first frosts, the cannes stems should be cut off at a height of 15-20 cm, and the rhizomes should be removed along with a lump of earth.

Keeping cannes in winter

In late September and early October, the cannes are carefully dug out of the ground along with a lump of earth and transferred to a place where they will be stored until spring. It is best to store cannes in winter in a cool room with moderate humidity and diffused light. Rhizomes are transferred to boxes and sprinkled with peat, sand and earth with sawdust of non-coniferous trees. The moisture content of the substrate is preferably fifty percent, and the temperature is 6-8 degrees Celsius. Storage of cannes requires regular inspection of the rhizomes for decay: if a tuber damaged by rot is found, cut the affected area to healthy tissue, and treat the cut with iodine. Monitor the moisture level and protect the rhizomes from sudden changes in temperature.

If you do not have the opportunity to store cannes indoors, you can keep them in the refrigerator until spring. In autumn, the tubers are dug up, washed from the ground under running water, kept in a disinfectant solution of potassium permanganate for a day, then dried, each tuber is wrapped in paper and placed in a container for storing vegetables, from time to time checking if any of the tubers has rotted.Some growers store dried cannes tubers on the balcony in a plastic bucket, sprinkling them with dry soil. In case of severe cold snap, the bucket should be brought into the apartment and placed on the floor under the balcony door.

You can store the rhizomes in a pot in the ground at a temperature not exceeding 15 ° C. For this, a glazed loggia, an attic or a veranda is suitable. In this case, the soil needs to be moistened a couple of times a month. If you do not have frosty winters in your region, the dug rhizomes of cannes can be stored directly in an area that is not flooded with water, in a place protected from the wind. It is only necessary to cover the tubers with a twenty-centimeter layer of dry sawdust.

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Canna is a beautiful perennial flower that has long become a favorite of gardeners and owners of private houses. This flower has a whole host of advantages, which include ease of planting, growing, care and reproduction, as well as a wide variety of varieties. He has only one drawback - the canna does not winter well in the open field. But more on that later.

There is an ancient legend that tells of an Indian chief. The old leader burned the peace treaty in the fire, and this entailed a big bloody war. And on the site of that fire, cannes grew, with their bright colors resembling tongues of flame and shed blood.

Canna is a favorite flower of many gardeners

Varieties and varieties of cannes

Cannes have a juicy stem, the length of which varies, depending on the species, from 50 cm to 2 m. The first garden hybrid was bred by the Frenchman Crozi. All subsequent cultivated varieties are called "Canna garden" and are divided into three groups.

• Deciduous canna. The highest of the cannes, some varieties reach 3 m. The flowers of deciduous cannes are small, about 6 cm, and the leaves are large with shades from dark green to purple.

Canna deciduous

• Cannes Crosey. The lowest, their growth is from 70 cm to 1.5 m. The flowers are large, about 10 cm, and the leaves are green or purple with a bluish cover.

Canna Crosey

• Cannes are orchid. The group is medium in height, usually up to two meters, with large, orchid-like flowers and fleshy green leaves with a purple tint.

Cannes landing

To plant cannes, choose a place protected from the winds, which is also bright and sunny enough. Cannes prefer deeply cultivated, loose and nutritious soil. The most suitable mixture for them: 1/3 coarse sand, 1/3 leafy soil, 1/3 peat. Cannes are planted in open ground after the end of the frost.

Some gardeners advise making "hot bedding" to make the cannes bloom more lush. To do this, 20 cm of horse manure is first poured into a hole dug about 70 cm deep, and earth is poured on top. Thus, under the layer of the earth, slow burning of manure will occur and generate heat, contributing to a longer and more luxuriant flowering of cannes.

Canna will feel good if you plant it against a wall that protects from the wind.

Cannes seeds need to be prepared before planting. To do this, they are first scalded with boiling water, and then placed in a thermos with warm water for 3-4 hours. Seeds are sown in the greenhouse in February. The temperature in the greenhouse should be 20-23 ° C. Sprouted crops are planted in pots after 2-4 weeks, and when leaves appear, cannes are planted in open ground.

But most often cannes are planted by dividing the root system in late spring or early summer. The roots are planted in holes dug at a distance of 50 cm from each other and fertilized with humus. The sprouted roots are planted to a depth of 10–15 cm, and not sprouted by 5–7 cm. The holes are constantly watered.

Canna seeds

Plant care

Cannes are gratefully taken for good care, like any other plant. In order for cannes to bloom on time and look spectacular, they need to get rid of weeds in a timely manner, loosen the soil around the bushes. During the entire flowering period, it is necessary to remove dried inflorescences.

Watering the cannes before the flowers appear should be moderate, but during flowering this flower requires abundant watering. Closer to autumn, watering should be reduced and finally stopped after the cannes have faded. Cannes delight the eye with their bright colors from August to mid-autumn. After that, the roots of the plants must be insulated with dense hilling in case of sudden frosts. For the winter, the roots are dug up together with a lump of earth around the root and stored in boxes until spring.

Canna root system

Some growers grow cannes in pots and keep them in the house in the winter, and in the spring they are planted in open ground. This flower is absolutely not afraid of transplanting, and if the frost is already close, and the cannes continue to bloom actively, transplant them into a pot. These beautiful flowers will delight you until December.

Fertilization and feeding

Cannes are fed with mineral fertilizers three times during the growing season. For 1 square meter, a mixture of potash, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in a ratio of 10:12:25 is required. Fertilizer granules are scattered around the bushes after watering, and then the soil is loosened.

The culture needs regular application of mineral fertilizers

Plant propagation

The simplest and most effective method of propagating these flowers is by dividing the root. To do this, in the spring, at the end of March - early April, the rhizome is taken out of the clod of earth in which it was stored all winter, cleaned of decayed areas and divided into kidneys. Places of cuts are disinfected by sprinkling with coals or ash.

Advice. If the two buds are close, leave both.

Delenki are planted in boxes with earth or in pots in a greenhouse with a temperature of 20-24 ° C. When the culture sprouts, the temperature is lowered to 16 ° C. For rooting, the delenka can be watered with a 2% solution of potassium permanganate every 10 days.

Dividing the cannes bush

Diseases and pests of cannes

Cannes are susceptible to bacterial diseases. They appear on the leaves and buds. The leaves are first covered with white spots, which later turn black. Cannes buds immediately turn black and die. Cannes bacteriosis, unfortunately, cannot be cured. And so that the disease does not spread to neighboring plants, the affected bushes must be destroyed. Bacteriosis is associated with waterlogging.

Also, these flowers can be attacked by rust fungus. It can be seen by yellowed or rusty-stained leaves. The fungus is treated with a solution of 4 g of potassium permanganate, diluted in 10 liters of water.

Rust fungus on canna leaves

Very rarely, but still attacks cannes and variegated virus. With this disease, the leaves of the plant are covered with black dots. If the leaves are not removed in time, the virus spreads to the flowers, which decrease in size and curl. When fighting this disease, it is necessary to remove leaves and inflorescences affected by the virus in time.

Cannes leaves can be harmed by caterpillars. In this case, an insecticide helps.

Flowers are not insured against eating roots by nematodes. It is also necessary to get rid of damaged plants.

Canna: combination with other plants

Growing canna along with other plants in a flower bed will not bring you any trouble, because this flower gets along well with its neighbors. The main rule is to take into account the growth rate of flowers planted in the same bed so that the faster growing ones do not drown out their slow neighbors. It will greatly facilitate the care of such a flower bed and the selection of plants with the same requirements for soil and frequency of watering.

Canna in the flowerbed

Advice. With the colors of Cannes, you can know the weather forecast in advance. This tropical plant is used to getting rid of excess moisture by releasing it on the leaves. Therefore, when in the morning you see drops of water on the leaves, take an umbrella with you, because the probability of precipitation is very high.

Canna in landscape design

One can talk a lot about the use of canna in landscape design. There is no such place in the flower garden in which the canna would not bring color and contrast.Cannu is often used as a pot and tub plant to decorate interiors, balconies and terraces.

Canna also creates an unforgettable impression against the background of a bright green lawn. High varieties of cannes are suitable for use as a hedge. The lower species in landscaping are planted as curbs, just like lavender.

Cannes landing along the paths in the garden

With the right choice of height and grade, cannes can be used anywhere. Massive varieties of these colors allow you to mask not the most aesthetic parts of your site.

Indian canna naturally grows along water bodies, so this species can be planted not only along the pond, but also directly in the water body itself. To do this, the flower is placed in a large basket or flowerpot and placed in a pond so that the surface of the pot is slightly covered with water.

Bright photos of your winter garden and flower garden will not leave anyone indifferent.

Canna in landscape design

This flower looks no less wonderful in cut. It costs from 4 to 8 days, and is effective both in a mono bouquet and in combination with other flowers.

Gardeners argue that the minor troubles that canna cultivation, reproduction and care entail, are forgotten as soon as this beauty begins to bloom. These bright flowers will delight you until late autumn, bringing a vivid variety to the gray autumn landscape. And when your neighbors choose such ordinary yellow leaves for photos, your background will be much more attractive.

Cannes landing: video

Cannes varieties: photo